As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 17, 2008
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 20-F
(Mark One)
¨ | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
or
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended 30 June 2008
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
or
¨ | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 1-31318
Gold Fields Limited
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Republic of South Africa
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
24 St. Andrews Road
Parktown, 2193
South Africa
011-27-11-644-2400
(Address of principal executive offices)
Michael Fleischer
Executive Vice President General Counsel
Tel: 011-27-11-644-2696
Fax : 011-27-11-484-4911
michael.fleischer@goldfields.co.za
24 St. Andrews Road
Parktown, 2193
South Africa
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class |
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Ordinary shares of par value Rand 0.50 each American Depositary Shares, each representing one ordinary share |
New York Stock Exchange* New York Stock Exchange |
* | Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of the American Depositary Shares pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
None
(Title of Class)
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuers classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the Annual Report:
653,200,682 ordinary shares of par value Rand 0.50 each
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act: Yes x No ¨
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: Yes ¨ No x
NoteChecking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP x International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ¨ Other ¨
If Other has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow: Item 17 ¨ Item 18 ¨
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ¨ No x
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court: Yes ¨ No ¨
The Worldwide Locations of Gold Fields Operations
Presentation of Financial Information
Gold Fields Limited, or Gold Fields or the Company, is a South African company and the majority of its operations, based on gold production, are located there. Accordingly, its books of account are maintained in South African Rand and its annual and interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, as prescribed by law. Gold Fields also prepares annual financial statements in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or U.S. GAAP, which are translated into U.S. dollars. Except as otherwise noted, the financial information included in this annual report has been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and is presented in U.S. dollars, and descriptions of critical accounting policies refer to accounting policies under U.S. GAAP.
For Gold Fields financial statements, unless otherwise stated, balance sheet item amounts are translated from Rand to U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing on the date that it closed its accounts for fiscal 2008 (Rand 8.00 per $1.00 as of June 24, 2008), except for specific items included within shareholders equity that are translated at the rate prevailing on the date the relevant transaction was entered into, and statement of operations item amounts are translated from Rand to U.S. dollars at the weighted average exchange rate for each period (Rand 7.27 per $1.00 for the year ended June 30, 2008).
In this annual report, Gold Fields presents the financial items total cash costs, total cash costs per ounce, total production costs and total production costs per ounce, which have been determined using industry standards promulgated by the Gold Institute and are not U.S. GAAP measures. The Gold Institute was a non-profit international industry association of miners, refiners, bullion suppliers and manufacturers of gold products that ceased operation in 2002, which developed a uniform format for reporting production costs on a per ounce basis. The Gold Institute has now been incorporated into the National Mining Association. The guidance was first adopted in 1996 and revised in November 1999. An investor should not consider these items in isolation or as alternatives to production costs, income before tax, net income, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. While the Gold Institute has provided definitions for the calculation of total cash costs and total production costs, the calculation of total cash costs, total cash costs per ounce, total production costs and total production costs per ounce may vary significantly among gold mining companies, and by themselves do not necessarily provide a basis for comparison with other gold mining companies. See Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial Data, Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining TermsTotal cash costs per ounce and Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining TermsTotal production costs per ounce.
In this annual report Gold Fields also presents the financial items operating costs and notional cash expenditure, or NCE. Operating costs and NCE have been determined by Gold Fields on the basis of internally developed definitions and are not U.S. GAAP measures. Gold Fields defines operating costs as production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) plus corporate expenditure, employment termination costs and accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation and NCE as operating costs plus additions to property plant and equipment. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. An investor should not consider these items in isolation or as alternatives to production costs, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Operating costs and NCE as presented in this annual report may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of performance of other companies.
In this annual report, all references to South Africa are to the Republic of South Africa, all references to Ghana are to the Republic of Ghana, all references to Australia are to the Commonwealth of Australia, all references to Venezuela are to the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, all references to Finland are to the Republic of Finland and all references to Peru are to the Republic of Peru.
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This annual report contains descriptions of gold mining and the gold mining industry, including descriptions of geological formations and mining processes. In order to facilitate a better understanding of these descriptions, this annual report contains a glossary defining a number of technical and geological terms. See Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining Terms.
In this annual report, R and Rand refer to the South African Rand and Rand cents refers to subunits of the South African Rand, $, U.S.$ and U.S. dollars refer to United States dollars, U.S. cents refers to subunits of the U.S. dollar, A$ and Australian dollars refer to Australian dollars, PEN and Nuevos Soles refer to Peruvian Nuevos Soles and VEB and Bolivars refer to Venezuelan bolivars.
In this annual report, gold production figures are provided in troy ounces, which are referred to as ounces or oz, and ore grades are provided in grams per metric ton, which are referred to as grams per ton or g/t. All references to tons or t in this annual report are to metric tons. See Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining Terms for further information regarding units of measurement used in this annual report and a table providing rates of conversion between different units of measurement.
In this annual report, except where otherwise noted, all production and operating statistics are based on Gold Fields total operations, which include production from the Tarkwa and Damang mines in Ghana which is attributable to the minority shareholders in those mines.
Certain information in this annual report presented in Rand, Australian dollars, Bolivars and Peruvian Nuevos Soles has been translated into U.S. dollars. Unless otherwise stated, the conversion rates for these translations are Rand 8.00 per $1.00 and A$1.00 per $0.9573, which were the noon buying rates on June 24, 2008. For Bolivars, the conversion rate is VEB 2.1473 per $1.00, which was the rate fixed by the Venezuelan government as of June 30, 2008. By including the U.S. dollar equivalents, Gold Fields is not representing that the Rand, Australian dollar, Peruvian Nuevo Sol or Bolivar amounts actually represent the U.S. dollar amounts shown or that these amounts could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rates indicated.
Information on South Deep, Western Areas and BGSA
This annual report contains certain information relating to Western Areas Limited, or Western Areas (now known as Gold Fields Operations Limited), or Western Areas, Barrick Gold South Africa (Pty) Limited, or BGSA (now known as GFI Joint Ventures Holding (Pty) Limited, or GFI Joint Ventures), and the South Deep gold mine, or South Deep, including information contained in Risk Factors, Information on the Company, Operating and Financial Review and Prospects and Additional Information. This information, as it relates to information regarding South Deep, Western Areas and BGSA in the period before Gold Fields acquisition of these entities, has been compiled from information published by Western Areas, including information filed with the JSE Limited, or JSE, and certain due diligence materials made available to Gold Fields by Western Areas and Barrick Gold Corporation, or Barrick, and has not been commented on by any representative of Western Areas or Barrick. Gold Fields has sought to ensure that the information presented has been accurately reproduced from these sources. However, Gold Fields is otherwise unable to confirm that the information relating to Western Areas, South Deep and BGSA is in accordance with the facts and does not omit anything likely to affect the import of the information. The majority of Gold Fields proven and probable reserves for South Deep are outside the current mining area and are based on the pre-acquisition South Deep operation reserve figures as declared for December 2005 by an independent reserve panel for the Barrick Gold-Western Areas Joint Venture between BGSA (formerly, Placer Dome South Africa Proprietary Limited) and Western Areas. Gold Field has re-modeled, re-evaluated, designed and scheduled the current mining area in accordance with Gold Fields standards and procedures. The proven and probable reserves for South Deep included in this annual report take account of this revised information as well as mining depletion through June 30, 2008. See also Risk FactorsGold Fields has not independently confirmed the reliability of the South Deep, BGSA or Western Areas information for the period prior to their respective acquisitions by Gold Fields included in this annual report.
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This annual report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to Gold Fields financial condition, results of operations, business strategies, operating efficiencies, competitive position, growth opportunities for existing services, plans and objectives of management, markets for stock and other matters. Statements in this annual report that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements, including, among others, those relating to the future business prospects, revenues and income of Gold Fields, wherever they may occur in this annual report and the exhibits to the annual report, are necessarily estimates reflecting the best judgment of the senior management of Gold Fields and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements. As a consequence, these forward-looking statements should be considered in light of various important factors, including those set forth in this annual report. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from estimates or projections contained in the forward-looking statements include, without limitation:
| overall economic and business conditions in South Africa, Ghana, Australia, Peru and elsewhere; |
| the ability to achieve anticipated efficiencies and other cost savings in connection with past and future acquisitions; |
| the success of exploration and development activities; |
| decreases in the market price of gold or copper; |
| the occurrence of hazards associated with underground and surface gold mining; |
| the occurrence of labor disruptions; |
| availability, terms and deployment of capital or credit; |
| changes in relevant government regulations, particularly environmental regulations and potential new legislation affecting mining and mineral rights; |
| fluctuations in exchange rates, currency devaluations and other macroeconomic monetary policies; and |
| political instability in South Africa, Ghana, Peru or regionally in Africa or South America. |
Gold Fields undertakes no obligation to update publicly or release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this annual report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
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ITEM 1: IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS |
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South African Exchange Control Limitations Affecting Security Holders |
236 | |
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ITEM 11: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
242 | |
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ITEM 12: DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES |
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ITEM 14: MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
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ITEM 16D: EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES |
257 | |
ITEM 16E: PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS |
258 | |
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266 |
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ITEM 1: IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2: OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable.
Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data
The selected historical consolidated financial data set out below for each of the three years ended June 30, 2008, and as of June 30, 2008 and 2007 have been extracted from the more detailed information, including Gold Fields audited consolidated financial statements for those years and as of those dates and the related notes, which appear elsewhere in this annual report. The selected historical consolidated financial data for each of the two years ended June 30, 2005, and as of June 30, 2006, 2005 and 2004 have been derived from Gold Fields audited consolidated financial statements as of that date, which are not included in this annual report, and adjusted where applicable as described below. The selected historical consolidated financial data presented below have been derived from financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Year ended June 30,(1)(2) | |||||||||||||||
2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |||||||||||
(in $ millions, except where otherwise noted) | |||||||||||||||
Statements of Operations Data |
|||||||||||||||
Revenues |
1,706.2 | 1,893.1 | 2,282.0 | 2,735.2 | 3,206.2 | ||||||||||
Production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |
1,255.2 | 1,372.4 | 1,499.9 | 1,707.7 | 1,996.1 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
230.5 | 366.4 | 353.3 | 388.2 | 400.5 | ||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
20.3 | 22.5 | 21.9 | 38.4 | 41.0 | ||||||||||
Employment termination costs |
10.5 | 13.7 | 9.1 | 4.9 | 16.2 | ||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
39.9 | 46.0 | 39.3 | 47.4 | 39.8 | ||||||||||
Impairment of assets |
72.7 | 233.1 | | | 11.4 | ||||||||||
Shaft closure costs |
| | | | 3.3 | ||||||||||
Impairment of critical spares |
| 2.8 | | | | ||||||||||
(Decrease)/increase in post-retirement healthcare provision |
(5.1 | ) | (4.2 | ) | (0.5 | ) | 1.3 | (0.7 | ) | ||||||
Accretion expense on environmental rehabilitation |
8.4 | 11.5 | 8.6 | 6.4 | 12.0 | ||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| 2.1 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 20.7 | ||||||||||
Harmony hostile bid costs |
| 50.8 | | | | ||||||||||
IAMGold transaction costs |
| 9.3 | | | | ||||||||||
Interest and dividends |
19.4 | 29.2 | 26.8 | 26.8 | 31.2 | ||||||||||
Finance income/(expense) |
(12.2 | ) | (54.9 | ) | (55.6 | ) | (95.2 | ) | (100.4 | ) | |||||
Unrealized gain on financial instruments |
39.2 | 4.9 | 14.6 | 15.4 | | ||||||||||
Realized gain/(loss) on financial instruments |
(8.7 | ) | 2.1 | (9.1 | ) | (10.7 | ) | 19.8 | |||||||
Realized loss on foreign exchange |
| | | (15.1 | ) | 1.7 | |||||||||
Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment |
0.3 | 0.8 | 3.7 | 7.4 | 4.6 | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries |
| | | | 208.4 | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of listed investments |
13.9 | 8.1 | 6.3 | 26.8 | 3.7 | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of exploration rights |
| 7.5 | | | | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of mineral rights |
27.1 | | | | | ||||||||||
Write-down of investments |
| (7.7 | ) | | | | |||||||||
Write-down of mineral rights |
(3.6 | ) | | | | | |||||||||
Other income/(expenses) |
1.8 | (4.3 | ) | (16.5 | ) | (2.2 | ) | 5.9 | |||||||
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Year ended June 30,(1)(2) | |||||||||||||||
2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |||||||||||
(in $ millions, except where otherwise noted) | |||||||||||||||
Income/(loss) before tax, impairment of investment in equity investee, share of equity investees (losses)/income and minority interests |
180.7 | (247.6 | ) | 309.1 | 481.6 | 840.8 | |||||||||
Income and mining tax (expense)/benefit |
(50.9 | ) | 85.8 | (110.6 | ) | (209.3 | ) | (271.2 | ) | ||||||
Income/(loss) before impairment of investment in equity investee, share of equity investees (losses)/income and minority interests |
129.8 | (161.8 | ) | 198.5 | 272.3 | 569.6 | |||||||||
Impairment of investment in equity investee |
| | | | (61.3 | ) | |||||||||
Share of equity investees (losses)/income |
(13.3 | ) | (0.8 | ) | (7.0 | ) | 0.3 | (16.0 | ) | ||||||
Minority interests |
(21.8 | ) | (20.6 | ) | (29.8 | ) | (26.5 | ) | (39.8 | ) | |||||
Net income/(loss) |
94.7 | (183.2 | ) | 161.7 | 246.1 | 452.5 | |||||||||
Basic earnings/(loss) per share ($) |
0.10 | (0.37 | ) | 0.33 | 0.44 | 0.69 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share ($) |
0.10 | (0.37 | ) | 0.33 | 0.44 | 0.69 | |||||||||
Other Financial and Operating Data |
|||||||||||||||
Dividend per share (Rand) |
1.40 | 0.70 | 0.80 | 2.00 | 1.60 | ||||||||||
Dividend per share ($) |
0.19 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.28 | 0.22 | ||||||||||
Total cash costs per ounce of gold produced ($)(3) |
273 | 302 | 338 | 394 | 505 | ||||||||||
Total production costs per ounce of gold produced ($)(4) |
329 | 385 | 419 | 482 | 610 | ||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
402 | 416 | 441 | 596 | 822 |
Notes:
(1) | The data for each of the three years ended June 30, 2006 and as of June 30, 2004, 2005 and 2006 has been adjusted due to a change in accounting policy in fiscal 2007 regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized. Under this revised accounting policy, all costs associated with the development of a specific underground block or area are capitalized until saleable minerals are extracted from that specific block or area. At Gold Fields underground mines, these costs include the cost of shaft sinking and access, the costs of building access ways, lateral development, drift development, ramps, box cuts and other infrastructure development. Previously, at Gold Fields underground mines, costs incurred to develop the property were capitalized only until the reef horizons were intersected. Subsequent mine development costs to access other specific ore blocks or areas of the mine were treated as variable production costs and expensed as incurred. |
(2) | As a result of the acquisition of Western Areas, Western Areas was fully consolidated with Gold Fields as from December 1, 2006. See Note 3(c) to Gold Fields audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. During the period between December 1, 2006 and March 31, 2007, Gold Fields did not own 100% of Western Areas and therefore did not own 100% of South Deep. The percentages of the results of Western Areas and South Deep that did not accrue to Gold Fields have been accounted for as minority interests. U.S. GAAP requires that where a company is acquired through a series of transactions, an investment in that company that was previously accounted for as available for sale be retrospectively accounted for on an equity basis. Since Gold Fields had previously held interests in Western Areas which were accounted for as available for sale, its results for prior years and the period July 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006 have been adjusted accordingly to account for the investment in Western Areas using the equity method. |
(3) | Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce by dividing total cash costs, as determined using guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. The Gold Institute was a non-profit international industry association of miners, refiners, bullion suppliers and manufacturers of gold products that ceased operation in 2002, which developed a uniform format for reporting production costs on a per ounce basis. The Gold Institute has now been incorporated into the National Mining Association. The guidance was first adopted in 1996 and revised in November 1999. Total cash costs, as defined in the Gold Institute industry guidance, are production costs as recorded in the statement of operations, less offsite (i.e. central) general and administrative expenses (including head office costs performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand, Australian dollar and the |
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Bolivar, compared with the U.S. dollar. Management, however, believes that total cash costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. Total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce are not U.S. GAAP measures. An investor should not consider total cash costs and total cash costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/(loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In particular, depreciation and amortization is included in a measure of production costs under U.S. GAAP, but is not included in total cash costs under the guidance provided by the Gold Institute. Furthermore, while the Gold Institute has provided a definition for the calculation of total cash costs, the calculation of total cash costs per ounce may vary significantly among gold mining companies, and by itself does not necessarily provide a basis for comparison with other gold mining companies. See Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining TermsTotal cash costs per ounce. For a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total cash costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2007 and 2006. |
(4) | Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce by dividing total production costs, as determined using the guidance provided by the Gold Institute, by gold ounces sold for all periods presented. Total production costs, as defined by the Gold Institute industry guidance, are total cash costs, as calculated using the Gold Institute guidance, plus amortization, depreciation and rehabilitation costs. Changes in total production costs per ounce are affected by operational performance, as well as changes in the currency exchange rate between the Rand, and the Australian dollar compared with the U.S. dollar. Changes in the currency exchange rate between the Bolivar and the U.S. dollar affected changes in total production costs per ounce until the sale of the Choco 10 mine on November 30, 2007. Management, however, believes that total production costs per ounce provides a measure for comparing Gold Fields operational performance against that of its peer group, both for Gold Fields as a whole, and for its individual operations. Total production costs per ounce is not a U.S. GAAP measure. An investor should not consider total production costs per ounce in isolation or as an alternative to total production costs or net income/(loss), income before tax, operating cash flows or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. While the Gold Institute has provided a definition for the calculation of total production costs, the calculation of total production costs per ounce may vary significantly among gold mining companies, and by itself does not necessarily provide a basis for comparison with other gold mining companies. See Information on the CompanyGlossary of Mining TermsTotal production costs per ounce. For a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Results of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYears Ended June 30, 2007 and 2006. |
(5) | Gold Fields defines notional cash expenditure, or NCE, as operating costs plus additions to property, plant and equipment, and defines operating costs as production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) plus corporate expenditure, employment termination costs and accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation. Gold Fields reports NCE on a per ounce basis. Management considers NCE per ounce to be an important measure as it believes NCE per ounce provides more information than other commonly used measures, such as total cash costs per ounce, the real cost to Gold Fields of producing an ounce of gold, reflecting not only the ongoing costs of production but also the investment cost of bringing mines into production. Management also believes that NCE per ounce is a useful indication of the cash Gold Fields has available to do things other than produce gold, such as paying taxes, repaying debt, funding exploration and paying dividends. |
Notional cash expenditure per ounce is not a U.S. GAAP measure. An investor should not consider NCE or operating costs in isolation or as alternatives to production costs, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. NCE and operating costs as presented in this annual report may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of performance of other companies. For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for |
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fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
Year ended June 30,(1)(2) | ||||||||||||||
2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||||||||
(in $ millions, except where otherwise noted) | ||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data |
||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
656.3 | 503.7 | 217.7 | 326.4 | 253.7 | |||||||||
Current portion of financial instruments |
37.0 | 46.8 | 30.4 | | 6.9 | |||||||||
Receivables |
116.4 | 119.9 | 148.7 | 297.7 | 280.1 | |||||||||
Inventories |
63.9 | 77.4 | 111.3 | 144.9 | 152.8 | |||||||||
Material contained in heap leach pads |
42.5 | 55.1 | 47.7 | 58.1 | 74.5 | |||||||||
Total current assets |
916.1 | 802.9 | 555.8 | 827.1 | 768.0 | |||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
2,912.7 | 2,688.6 | 3,172.1 | 5,576.8 | 5,423.7 | |||||||||
Goodwill |
| | | 1,222.7 | 1,092.8 | |||||||||
Non-current portion of financial instruments |
70.3 | 32.4 | | | | |||||||||
Non-current investments |
161.5 | 192.0 | 371.8 | 401.8 | 737.4 | |||||||||
Total assets |
4,060.6 | 3,715.9 | 4,099.7 | 8,028.4 | 8,021.9 | |||||||||
Accounts payable and provisions |
273.4 | 241.9 | 299.8 | 463.6 | 610.3 | |||||||||
Current portion of financial instruments |
| | | 10.8 | | |||||||||
Interest payable |
17.2 | 32.6 | 29.8 | 34.7 | 29.2 | |||||||||
Income and mining taxes payable |
14.2 | 18.0 | 46.8 | 72.2 | 123.1 | |||||||||
Current portion of long-term loans |
| | 0.3 | 227.5 | 772.9 | |||||||||
Bank overdraft |
| | | 3.3 | 2.7 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities |
304.8 | 292.5 | 376.7 | 812.1 | 1,538.2 | |||||||||
Long-term loans |
643.2 | 653.1 | 737.9 | 1,211.8 | 564.2 | |||||||||
Deferred income and mining taxes |
811.8 | 650.0 | 781.8 | 879.5 | 719.9 | |||||||||
Provision for environmental rehabilitation |
116.0 | 134.6 | 146.4 | 197.2 | 216.2 | |||||||||
Provision for post-retirement healthcare costs |
18.9 | 9.0 | 7.4 | 9.5 | 7.9 | |||||||||
Minority interests |
102.7 | 118.4 | 125.1 | 127.1 | 151.4 | |||||||||
Share capital |
43.6 | 43.7 | 43.9 | 54.8 | 54.9 | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
1,792.3 | 1,797.9 | 1,827.6 | 4,459.8 | 4,490.4 | |||||||||
Retained earnings |
261.7 | 24.0 | 123.9 | 211.8 | 521.8 | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income |
(34.4 | ) | (7.3 | ) | (71.0 | ) | 64.8 | (243.0 | ) | |||||
Total shareholders equity |
2,063.2 | 1,858.3 | 1,924.4 | 4,791.2 | 4,824.1 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
4,060.6 | 3,715.9 | 4,099.7 | 8,028.4 | 8,021.9 | |||||||||
Year ended June 30,(1)(2) | ||||||||||
2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||||
(in $ millions, except where otherwise noted) | ||||||||||
Other Data |
||||||||||
Number of ordinary shares as adjusted to reflect changes in capital structure |
491,492,520 | 492,294,226 | 494,824,723 | 652,158,066 | 653,200,682 | |||||
Net assets |
2,063.2 | 1,858.3 | 1,924.4 | 4,791.2 | 4,824.1 |
Notes:
(1) | The data for each of the three years ended June 30, 2006 and as of June 30, 2004, 2005 and 2006 has been adjusted due to a change in accounting policy in fiscal 2007 regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized. Under this revised accounting principle, all costs associated with the development of a specific underground block or area are capitalized until saleable minerals are extracted from that specific block or area. At Gold Fields underground mines, these costs include the cost of shaft sinking and access, the costs of building access ways, lateral development, drift development, ramps, box cuts and other infrastructure development. Previously, at Gold Fields underground mines, costs incurred to develop the property were capitalized only until the reef horizons were intersected. Subsequent mine development costs to access other specific ore blocks or areas of the mine were treated as variable production costs and expensed as incurred. |
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(2) | As a result of the acquisition of Western Areas, Western Areas was fully consolidated with Gold Fields as from December 1, 2006. See Note 3(c) to Gold Fields audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. During the period between December 1, 2006 and March 31, 2007, Gold Fields did not own 100% of Western Areas and therefore did not own 100% of South Deep. The percentages of the results of Western Areas and South Deep that did not accrue to Gold Fields have been accounted for as minority interests. U.S. GAAP requires that where a company is acquired through a series of transactions, an investment in that company that was previously accounted for as available for sale be retrospectively accounted for on an equity basis. Since Gold Fields had previously held interests in Western Areas which were accounted for as available for sale, its results for prior years and the period July 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006 have been adjusted accordingly to account for the investment in Western Areas using the equity method. |
The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, the average, high, low and period-end noon buying rates in New York City for cable transfers in Rand as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, expressed in Rand per $1.00:
Year ended June 30, |
Average(1) | |
2004 |
6.78 | |
2005 |
6.20 | |
2006 |
6.42 | |
2007 |
7.20 | |
2008 |
7.30 | |
2009 (through October 31, 2008) |
8.30 |
Note:
(1) | The average of the noon buying rates on the last day of each full month during the relevant period. |
Month ended |
High | Low | ||
May 31, 2008 |
7.76 | 7.47 | ||
June 30, 2008 |
8.12 | 7.70 | ||
July 31, 2008 |
7.92 | 7.31 | ||
August 31, 2008 |
7.90 | 7.24 | ||
September 30, 2008 |
8.32 | 7.77 | ||
October 31, 2008 |
11.27 | 8.27 |
The noon buying rate for the Rand on October 31, 2008 was Rand 9.87 per $1.00. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Rand and the U.S. dollar will affect the dollar equivalent of the price of the ordinary shares on the JSE Limited, or JSE, which may affect the market price of the American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, on the New York Stock Exchange. These fluctuations will also affect the U.S. dollar amounts received by owners of ADSs on the conversion of any dividends paid in Rand on the ordinary shares.
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In addition to the other information included in this annual report, the considerations listed below could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, financial condition or results of operations, resulting in a decline in the trading price of Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs. The risks set forth below comprise all material risks currently known to Gold Fields. However, there may be additional risks that Gold Fields does not currently know of or that Gold Fields currently deems immaterial based on the information available to it. These factors should be considered carefully, together with the information and financial data set forth in this document.
Changes in the market price for gold, and to a lesser extent copper, which in the past have fluctuated widely, affect the profitability of Gold Fields operations and the cash flows generated by those operations.
Substantially all of Gold Fields revenues are derived from the sale of gold. Historically, the market price for gold has fluctuated widely and has been affected by numerous factors over which Gold Fields has no control, including:
| the demand for gold for industrial uses and for use in jewelry; |
| actual, expected or rumored purchases and sales of gold bullion holdings by central banks or other large gold bullion holders or dealers; |
| speculative trading activities in gold; |
| the overall level of forward sales by other gold producers; |
| the overall level and cost of production by other gold producers; |
| international or regional political and economic events or trends; |
| the strength of the U.S. dollar (the currency in which gold prices generally are quoted) and of other currencies; |
| financial market expectations regarding the rate of inflation; and |
| interest rates. |
In addition, the current demand for and supply of gold affects the price of gold, but not necessarily in the same manner as current demand and supply affect the prices of other commodities. Since the potential supply of gold is large relative to mine production in any given year, normal variations in current production will not necessarily have a significant effect on the supply of gold or the gold price. Central banks, financial institutions and individuals historically have held large amounts of gold as a store of value, and production in any given year historically has constituted a small portion of the total potential supply of gold. Historically, gold has tended to retain its value in relative terms against basic goods in times of inflation and monetary crisis. Pursuant to a gold sales agreement entered into by 15 European central banks, individual banks may sell up to 500 tons of gold per year, the effect on the market in terms of total gold sales is unclear. This agreement is scheduled to be reviewed in 2009.
While the aggregate effect of these factors is impossible for Gold Fields to predict, if gold prices should fall below the amount it costs Gold Fields to produce gold and remain at such levels for any sustained period, Gold Fields may experience losses and may be forced to curtail or suspend some or all of its operations and/or reduce capital expenditures. In addition, Gold Fields might not be able to recover any losses it may incur during that period.
Copper will account for a significant proportion of the revenues at Gold Fields Cerro Corona Project, although Gold Fields does not expect copper to be a major element of its overall revenues. A decline in copper prices, which have also fluctuated widely, could adversely affect the revenues and cashflows from the Cerro Corona Project.
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Because Gold Fields does not use commodity or derivative instruments to protect against low gold prices with respect to its production, Gold Fields is exposed to the impact of any significant decline in the gold price.
As a general rule Gold Fields sells its gold production at market prices. Gold Fields generally does not enter into forward sales, derivatives or other hedging arrangements to establish a price in advance for the sale of its future gold production. In general, hedging reduces the risk of exposure to volatility in the gold price. Hedging also enables a gold producer to fix a future price for hedged gold that generally is higher than the then current spot price. To the extent that it does not generally use commodity or derivative instruments, Gold Fields will not be protected against decreases in the gold price, and if the gold price decreases significantly, Gold Fields runs the risk of reduced revenues in respect of gold production that is not hedged. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Gold Fields reserves are estimates based on a number of assumptions, any changes to which may require Gold Fields to lower its estimated reserves.
The ore reserves stated in this annual report represent the amount of gold and copper that Gold Fields estimated, as of June 30, 2008, could be mined, processed and sold at prices sufficient to recover Gold Fields estimated future total costs of production, remaining investment and anticipated additional capital expenditures. Ore reserves are estimates based on assumptions regarding, among other things, Gold Fields costs, expenditures, prices and exchange rates, many of which are beyond Gold Fields control. In the event that Gold Fields revises any of these assumptions in an adverse manner, Gold Fields may need to revise its ore reserves downwards. In particular, if Gold Fields production costs or capital expenditures increase, if gold or copper prices decrease or if the Rand or Australian dollar strengthens against the U.S. dollar, a portion of Gold Fields ore reserves may become uneconomical to recover, forcing Gold Fields to lower its estimated reserves. See Information on the CompanyReserves of Gold Fields as of June 30, 2008.
To the extent that Gold Fields seeks to expand through acquisitions, it may experience problems in executing acquisitions or managing and integrating the acquisitions with its existing operations.
In order to expand its operations and reserve base, Gold Fields may seek to make acquisitions of selected precious metal producing companies or assets. Gold Fields success at making any acquisitions will depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to:
| negotiating acceptable terms with the seller of the business to be acquired; |
| obtaining approval from regulatory authorities; |
| assimilating the operations of an acquired business in a timely and efficient manner; |
| maintaining Gold Fields financial and strategic focus while integrating the acquired business; |
| implementing uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies at the acquired business; and |
| operating in a new environment to the extent that Gold Fields makes an acquisition outside of markets in which it has previously operated. |
There can be no assurance that any acquisition will achieve the results intended. Any problems experienced by Gold Fields in connection with an acquisition as a result of one or more of these factors could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
To the extent that Gold Fields seeks to expand through its exploration program, it may experience problems associated with mineral exploration or developing mining projects.
In order to expand its operations and reserve base, Gold Fields may rely on its exploration program for gold and other metals associated with gold and its ability to develop mining projects. Exploration for gold and other metals associated with gold is speculative in nature, involves many risks and frequently is unsuccessful. Any exploration program entails risks relating to the location of economic orebodies, the development of appropriate
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metallurgical processes, the receipt of necessary governmental permits and regulatory approvals and the construction of mining and processing facilities at the mining site. Gold Fields exploration efforts may not result in the discovery of gold or other metals associated with gold and any mineralization discovered may not result in an increase of Gold Fields reserves. If orebodies are developed, it can take a number of years and substantial expenditures from the initial phases of drilling until production commences, during which time the economic feasibility of production may change. Gold Fields exploration program may not result in the replacement of current production with new reserves or result in any new commercial mining operations. Also, to the extent Gold Fields participates in the development of a project through a joint venture, there could be disagreements or divergent interests or goals among the joint venture parties which could jeopardize the success of the project.
In addition, significant capital investment is required to achieve commercial production from exploration efforts. There is no assurance that Gold Fields will have, or be able to raise, the required funds to engage in these activities or to meet its obligations with respect to the exploration properties in which it has or may acquire an interest.
Due to the nature of mining and the type of gold mines it operates, Gold Fields faces a material risk of liability, delays and increased production costs from environmental and industrial accidents and pollution.
The business of gold mining by its nature involves significant risks and hazards, including environmental hazards and industrial accidents. In particular, hazards associated with Gold Fields underground mining operations include:
| rock bursts; |
| seismic events, particularly at the Driefontein, Kloof and South Deep operations; |
| underground fires and explosions, including those caused by flammable gas; |
| cave-ins or gravity falls of ground; |
| discharges of gases and toxic substances; |
| releases of radioactivity; |
| flooding; |
| accidents related to the presence of mobile machinery |
| ground and surface water pollution, including as a result of potential spillage or seepage from tailings dams; |
| sinkhole formation and ground subsidence; and |
| other accidents and conditions resulting from drilling, blasting and removing and processing material from an underground mine. |
Gold Fields South African operations may be more susceptible to certain of these risks because significant amounts of mining occur at deep levels of up to 3,500 meters below the surface.
Hazards associated with Gold Fields open pit mining operations include:
| flooding of the open pit; |
| collapses of the open pit walls; |
| accidents associated with the operation of large open pit mining and rock transportation equipment; |
| accidents associated with the preparation and ignition of large-scale open pit blasting operations; |
| ground and surface water pollution, including as a result of potential spillage or seepage from tailings dams; |
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| production disruptions due to weather; and |
| hazards associated with heap leach processing, such as groundwater and waterway contamination. |
Hazards associated with Gold Fields rock dump and production stockpile mining and tailings disposal include:
| accidents associated with operating a rock dump and production stockpile and rock transportation equipment; |
| production disruptions due to weather; |
| collapses of tailings dams; and |
| ground and surface water pollution, on and off site. |
Gold Fields is at risk of experiencing any and all of these environmental or other industrial hazards. The occurrence of any of these hazards could delay or halt production, increase production costs and result in liability for Gold Fields.
Gold Fields may also be subject to actions by labor groups or other interested parties who object to perceived conditions at the mines or to the perceived environmental impact of the mines. These actions may delay or halt production or may create negative publicity related to Gold Fields.
If Gold Fields experiences further losses of senior management or is unable to hire and retain sufficient technically skilled employees, its business may be materially and adversely affected.
Gold Fields ability to operate or expand effectively depends largely on the experience, skills and performance of its senior management team. There can be no certainty that the services of its senior management will continue to be available to Gold Fields. During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields Chief Executive Officer resigned and his position was filled by the Chief Financial Officer. As of the date of this Annual Report a new Chief Financial Officer has not yet been appointed. In addition, Gold Fields Head of Corporate Development resigned as of May 2008 and its Chief Operating Officer resigned as of October 2008. Any further senior management departures could adversely affect Gold Fields efficiency, control over operations and results of operations.
One of Gold Fields medium-term priorities is to restructure its operations into four regions that will operate with more autonomy than under Gold Fields current structure. See Information on the CompanyStrategyMedium-term Priorities. An important element of this plan is bolstering the technical skills base of each of the South African and International management teams to provide additional resources and to provide for succession planning. Due to the global resources boom combined with a reduction in training, the mining industry, including Gold Fields, is experiencing a global shortage of technically skilled employees. Gold Fields may be unable to hire or retain appropriate technically skilled employees or other management personnel, or may have to pay higher levels of compensation than it currently intends in order to do so. If Gold Fields is not able to hire and retain appropriate management and technically skilled personnel, it may not achieve the intended benefits of its regional restructuring, which could have an adverse effect on its results of operations and financial position.
Because gold is generally sold in U.S. dollars, while most of Gold Fields production costs are in Rand and other non-U.S. dollar currencies, Gold Fields operating results or financial condition could be materially harmed by an appreciation in the value of these other currencies.
Gold is sold throughout the world principally in U.S. dollars, but Gold Fields costs of production are incurred principally in Rand and other non-U.S. dollar currencies. As a result, any significant and sustained appreciation of any of these currencies against the U.S. dollar may materially increase Gold Fields costs in U.S. dollar terms, which could adversely affect Gold Fields operating results or financial condition.
15
Economic or political instability in the countries or regions where Gold Fields operates may have an adverse effect on Gold Fields operations and profits.
Gold Fields has significant operations in South Africa, Ghana, Australia and Peru. As a result, changes or instability to the economic or political environment in any of these countries or in neighboring countries could affect an investment in Gold Fields.
Several of these countries have, or have had in the recent past, high levels of inflation. Continued or increased inflation in any of the countries where it operates could increase the prices Gold Fields pays for products and services, including wages for its employees and power costs, which if not offset by increased gold prices or currency devaluations could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields financial condition and results of operations.
The South African government has implemented laws aimed at alleviating and redressing the disadvantages suffered by citizens under previous governments. In the future the South African government may implement new laws and policies, which in turn may have an adverse impact on Gold Fields operations and profits. In recent years, South Africa has experienced high levels of crime and unemployment. These problems may have impacted fixed inward investment into South Africa and have prompted emigration of skilled workers. As a result, Gold Fields may have difficulties attracting and retaining qualified employees.
National elections are scheduled to take place in South Africa in the spring of 2009, which may result in the election of a new president. South Africa is a young democracy, with the upcoming election being only the fourth since the current political system was instituted. It is not certain what, if any, political or economic impact the elections will have in South Africa generally, or on Gold Fields specifically. National presidential elections are also scheduled to take place in Ghana in December 2008. It is not certain what, if any, political or economic impact the elections will have in Ghana generally, or on Gold Fields specifically.
There has been regional political and economic instability in certain of the countries surrounding South Africa. Any similar political or economic instability in South Africa could have a negative impact on Gold Fields ability to manage and operate its South African operations. There has been local opposition to mine development projects in Peru. Notwithstanding the fact that Gold Fields is substantially exceeding commitments it had made to the local communities, in mid-October 2006 there was an illegal blockade of the access road to the Cerro Corona Project site resulting in a temporary suspension of construction activities at the site for seven days. The blockade was accompanied by demands for increased employment from local communities and increased use of local contractors. In addition, the Cerro Corona site is located near the Yanacocha mine which is operated by another company. The Yanacocha mine has also been the subject of local protests, including ones that blocked the road between the Yanacocha mine complex and the City of Cajamarca, which also affected access to the Cerro Corona site, although they did not result in a suspension of construction activities. If Gold Fields experiences further opposition in connection with its operations in Peru, or if protests aimed at other mining operations affect operations at Cerro Corona, it could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields financial condition and results of operations.
Some of Gold Fields power suppliers have forced it to halt or curtail activities at its mines, due to severe power disruptions. Power stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition.
In South Africa, Gold Fields mining operations are dependent upon electrical power generated by the State utility, Eskom. Eskom holds a monopoly on power supply in the South African market. As a result of an increase in demand exceeding available generating capacity, South Africa has been subject to disruptions in electrical power supply. On January 24, 2008, Gold Fields suspended all mining activity at its South African operations, due to Eskom declaring force majeure and advised their Key Industrial Consumers, of which Gold Fields is one, that it could not guarantee the supply of electricity, forcing Gold Fields to reduce consumption to the minimum possible level. 50% of Gold Fields normal electrical consumption is required simply to pump, ventilate and refrigerate its South African operations. On January 28, 2008, the power supply was restored to 71% of total
16
average consumption allowing Gold Fields to begin ramping up production at its South African operations. On January 29, 2008, 80% of total average consumption was restored to Gold Fields South African mines and Eskom authorized mines to increase their power load from 80% to 90% on February 1, 2008. On March 7, 2008, the South African mining industry was allocated an additional 260 MW of power and on Friday, March 14, 2008 Eskom informed Gold Fields of its portion of the additional amount, which Gold Fields has allocated to its Kloof and Driefontein mines. These allocations increased the total power available to Gold Fields Driefontein and Kloof mines to approximately 95% of the historical average consumption profile and the Beatrix and South Deep mines to approximately 90%. There can be no assurance that power supplies can or will be maintained at this level, particularly as the designation of the baseline historical average consumption rate remains under discussion with Eskom. Eskom has also advised Gold Fields that it intends to increase power tariffs significantly. Should the power constraints continue or should Gold Fields be unable to achieve its production or cost targets due to the current constraints, any additional power outages or any power tariff increases, then its financial condition and results of operations may be adversely impacted. In fiscal 2008, power costs made up approximately 11% to 12% of the costs of production at the South African operations. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsDriefontein OperationMining.
Gold Fields power needs in South Africa will increase as it builds up production at its South Deep mine. It has requested an additional allocation from Eskom and has been verbally informed that the request will be granted. However, there can be no assurance that it will receive all or any of the additional power it needs. Any failure to receive an additional power allocation could have an adverse effect on Gold Fields ability to develop South Deep.
Gold Fields Ghana Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana, among other mining companies in Ghana, was asked by the state electricity supplier, the Volta River Authority, or VRA, on August 14, 2006 to immediately reduce its electricity demand by 25%. On August 28, 2006, Gold Fields was asked to reduce its demand by a further 25%. The VRA requested these reductions in electricity usage largely because of the low water reservoir level of the VRAs Akosombo generating facility and concerns about its ability to meet future supply and demand at present consumption levels. Gold Fields Ghana agreed to reduce its demand for electricity from the VRA and the Electricity Company of Ghana Limited at the Tarkwa and Damang operations, respectively, and used emergency diesel powered generators situated at both mines to make up the difference. Gold Fields power costs of production for fiscal 2008 arising from the use of diesel generators was approximately U.S.$ 6.5 million. The VRA indicated that the requirement for reduced electricity demand would last until the water levels in the reservoir have reached appropriate levels. The rainy season of 2007, together with conservative management of hydroelectric generation, has allowed the Volta River to rise to pre-2004 levels and so, rationing was lifted in early 2008. However, there can be no assurance that there will not be new disruptions to the electricity supply.
On November 1, 2007, the government of Ghana increased the published electricity tariff to large customers, including the mining industry, due to the effect of the drought on hydroelectric power generation in the country and on July 1, 2008 it increased it again due to the rising price of oil. The recent increases in electricity tariff have particularly adversely affected Damang and may lead to a need for higher investment returns in order to justify further investment at Damang. These increases will also adversely affect income and cash flow from Gold Fields Ghanaian operations.
Actual and potential shortages of production inputs may have an adverse effect on Gold Fields operations and profits.
Gold Fields results of operations may be affected by the availability and pricing of raw materials and other essential production inputs, including fuel, steel and cyanide and other reagents. The price of raw materials may be substantially affected by changes in global supply and demand, along with weather conditions, governmental controls and other factors. A sustained interruption on the supply of any of these materials would require Gold Fields to find substitute suppliers acceptable to the Company and could require it to pay higher prices for such materials. Any significant increase in the prices of these materials will increase the Companys operating costs and affect production considerations.
17
Giant tires, of the type used by Gold Fields for its large earthmoving equipment and trucks, are in increasingly short supply, and prices have risen recently and may continue to rise in the future. This shortage of tires for earthmoving vehicles is causing mining companies to review operating practices, to seek additional methods of preserving tire life and to examine alternative sources of tire supply. To the extent that Gold Fields is unable to procure an adequate supply of these tires, it may have to alter its mining plans, especially at its open pit operations, which could reduce its gold production and have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
The transportation of concentrate produced at Cerro Corona by truck and ship can be interrupted, or result in environmental damage.
The gold/copper concentrate produced at Gold Fields Cerro Corona operation in Peru is transported by truck from the mine to the coast where it is loaded onto ships for transportation to smelters in Asia and Europe, with the risk of loss passing to the buyers only once the concentrate is loaded onto the ship. Gold Fields uses convoys of at least five trucks, accompanied by security personnel to transport the concentrate to the port, but the trucks are still susceptible to road blockades and possible theft of concentrate. On arrival at the port, transfer of the concentrate to ships can be delayed by restrictions on port operations. Any delays in the transportation of concentrate can adversely affect the timing of Gold Fields cashflows and its results of operations. The movement of the concentrate also presents the possibility of environmental damage in the case of spillage. Gold Fields could be held responsible for the damage, even if a contractor undertakes the actual transportation.
Gold Fields insurance coverage may prove inadequate to satisfy potential claims.
Gold Fields may become subject to liability for pollution, occupational illnesses or other hazards against which it has not insured, cannot insure or has insufficiently insured, including those in respect of past mining activities. Gold Fields existing property and liability insurance contains exclusions and limitations on coverage. Should Gold Fields suffer a major loss, future earnings could be affected. In addition, insurance may not continue to be available at economically acceptable premiums. As a result, in the future, Gold Fields insurance coverage may not cover the extent of claims against Gold Fields, including, but not limited to, claims for environmental or industrial accidents, occupational illnesses or pollution.
Gold Fields financial flexibility could be materially constrained by South African exchange control regulations.
South Africas exchange control regulations restrict the export of capital from South Africa, the Republic of Namibia, and the Kingdoms of Lesotho and Swaziland, known collectively as the Common Monetary Area. Transactions between South African residents (including companies) and non-residents of the Common Monetary Area are subject to exchange controls enforced by the South African Reserve Bank, or SARB. As a result, Gold Fields ability to raise and deploy capital outside the Common Monetary Area is restricted.
Under South African exchange control regulations, Gold Fields must obtain approval from the SARB regarding any capital raising involving a currency other than the Rand. In connection with its approval, it is possible that the SARB may impose conditions on Gold Fields use of the proceeds of any such capital raising, such as limits on Gold Fields ability to retain the proceeds of the capital raising outside South Africa or requirements that Gold Fields seek further SARB approval prior to applying any such funds to a specific use. These restrictions could hinder Gold Fields financial and strategic flexibility, particularly its ability to fund acquisitions, capital expenditures and exploration projects outside South Africa. See Information on the Company Environmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaExchange Controls.
An acquisition of shares in or assets of a South African company by a non-South African purchaser that is subject to exchange control regulations may not be granted regulatory approval.
In some circumstances, potential acquisitions of shares in or assets of South African companies by non-South African resident purchasers are subject to review by the SARB pursuant to South African exchange
18
control regulations. In 2000, the South African Treasury, or the Treasury, refused to approve an acquisition of Gold Fields by Franco-Nevada Mining Corporation Limited, a Canadian mining company. The Treasury may refuse to approve similar proposed acquisitions of Gold Fields in the future. As a result, Gold Fields management may be limited in its ability to consider strategic options and Gold Fields shareholders may not be able to realize the premium over the current trading price of Gold Fields ordinary shares which they might otherwise receive upon such an acquisition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaExchange Controls.
Gold Fields operations and financial condition may be adversely affected by labor disputes or changes in labor laws.
Gold Fields may be affected by certain labor laws that impose duties and obligations regarding worker rights, including rights regarding wages and benefits. For example, laws in South Africa impose monetary penalties for non-compliance with the administrative and the reporting requirements in respect of affirmative action policies while Ghanaian law contains broad provisions requiring mining companies to recruit and train Ghanaian personnel and to use the services of Ghanaian companies. There can be no assurance that existing labor laws will not be amended or new laws enacted to impose additional reporting or compliance obligations or further increase worker rights in the future. Any expansion of these obligations or rights, especially to the extent they increase Gold Fields labor costs, could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Gold Fields may suffer adverse consequences as a result of its reliance on outside contractors to conduct some of its operations.
A significant portion of Gold Fields operations in Australia, Peru and the Damang operation in Ghana, and a smaller portion elsewhere, are currently conducted by outside contractors. As a result, Gold Fields operations at those sites are subject to a number of risks, some of which are outside Gold Fields control, including:
| negotiating agreements with contractors on acceptable terms; |
| the inability to replace a contractor and its operating equipment in the event that either party terminates the agreement; |
| reduced control over those aspects of operations which are the responsibility of the contractor; |
| failure of a contractor to perform under its agreement with Gold Fields; |
| interruption of operations or increased costs in the event that a contractor ceases its business due to insolvency or other unforeseen events; |
| failure of a contractor to comply with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, to the extent it is responsible for such compliance; and |
| problems of a contractor with managing its workforce, labor unrest or other employment issues. |
In addition, Gold Fields may incur liability to third parties as a result of the actions of its contractors. The occurrence of one or more of these risks could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, results of operations and financial condition. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor RelationsGhana and Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor Relations Australia.
Gold Fields South African operations may be adversely affected by increased labor costs or industrial action at its mining operations in South Africa.
Wages and related labor costs accounted for approximately 50% of Gold Fields total production costs in South Africa in fiscal 2008. Accordingly, Gold Fields costs may be materially affected by increases in wages
19
and related labor costs, particularly with respect to Gold Fields South African employees, who are unionized. Negotiations with South African unions concluded in August 2007 resulted in above inflation wage increases ranging from 8% to 8.5%, depending upon the category of employee, implemented with effect from July 2007. A further inflation-linked increase of 10% has been implemented with effect from July 1, 2008 for all employee categories except management. The next round of negotiations with the unions in South Africa is expected to commence in May 2009. In total, labor costs increased approximately 11% in South Africa in fiscal 2008 (excluding South Deep), mainly due to wage increases, together with indirect costs and allowances, which increased in line with industry trends, market-related adjustments and an increase in employee numbers necessary to support the increase in mining volumes.
In addition, the South African mining unions have taken and have indicated they may continue to take industrial action to protest a variety of issues. See Information on the CompanyMining OperationsDriefontein OperationMining, Information on the CompanyMining OperationsKloof OperationMining, Information on the CompanyMining OperationsBeatrix OperationMining and Information on the CompanyMining OperationsSouth Deep OperationMining.
If Gold Fields is unable to increase production levels or implement cost cutting measures to offset these increased wages and labor costs and production losses from industrial action, these costs and losses could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields mining operations in South Africa and, accordingly, on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor RelationsSouth Africa.
HIV/AIDS poses risks to Gold Fields in terms of lost productivity and increased costs.
The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in South Africa poses risks to Gold Fields in terms of potentially reduced productivity and increased medical and other costs. In October 2007, management estimated that approximately 33.6% of Gold Fields workforce in South Africa was infected with HIV. Increasingly, Gold Fields is seeing an adverse impact of HIV/AIDS on its affected employees, evidenced by increased absenteeism and reduced productivity. The potential impact of HIV/AIDS on Gold Fields South African operations and financial condition is influenced by a number of factors including the incidence of HIV infection among Gold Fields employees, the progressive impact of HIV/AIDS on infected employees health and productivity, and the medical and other costs associated with the infection. Most of these factors are beyond Gold Fields control. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesHealth and SafetyHealthHIV/AIDS Program.
Gold Fields operations in South Africa are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields South African operations are subject to various environmental laws and regulations including, for example, those relating to waste treatment, emissions and disposal, and must comply with permits or standards governing, among other things, tailings dams and waste disposal areas, water consumption, air emissions and water discharges. Gold Fields may, in the future, incur significant costs to comply with the South African environmental requirements imposed under existing or new legislation, regulations or permit requirements or to comply with changes in existing laws and regulations or the manner in which they are applied. Also, Gold Fields may be subject to litigation and other costs as a result of environmental rights granted to individuals under South Africas Constitution or other sources of rights. These costs could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaEnvironmental.
Gold Fields South African operations are also subject to various health and safety laws and regulations which impose various duties on Gold Fields mines while granting the authorities broad powers to, among other
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things, close unsafe mines and order corrective action relating to health and safety matters. There have been a number of accidents, many of which have resulted in fatalities, at various mining operations in South Africa recently, including accidents at some of Gold Fields operations. In October 2007, former President Thabo Mbeki ordered the Department of Minerals and Energy, or the DME, to conduct an occupational health and safety audit at all mines. There is no assurance that the occupational health and safety audit will not result in the introduction of more stringent safety regulations, which could result in restrictions on Gold Fields ability to conduct its mining operations and/or impose additional costs. Regardless of the outcome of the audit or improved health and safety programs, there can be no assurance that the unions will not take industrial action that could lead to losses in Gold Fields production. The DME can and does issue instructions following safety incidents or accidents to partially or completely halt operations at affected mines. Moreover, it is Gold Fields policy to halt production at its operations where serious accidents occur in order to rectify dangerous situations and, if necessary, retrain workers. Any additional stoppages in production, or increased costs, could have an adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. On September 23, 2008, the Mine Health and Safety Amendment Bill was passed by the National Assembly and the bill has now been transmitted to the National Council of Provinces for concurrence. If this bill is signed by the President and becomes law, Gold Fields may be subject to more stringent regulations regarding mine health and safety and may be subject to an increased risk of prosecution for industrial accidents as well as greater penalties and fines for non-compliance. Further, any changes to the health and safety laws which increase the burden of compliance or the penalties for non-compliance may cause Gold Fields to incur further significant costs. See Information on the Company Environmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaHealth and Safety.
Gold Fields mineral rights in South Africa have become subject to new legislation which could impose significant costs and burdens.
The 2002 Minerals Act
The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act No. 28 of 2002, or the 2002 Minerals Act, came into effect on May 1, 2004, together with the implementation of a broad-based socio-economic empowerment charter, or the Mining Charter, for effecting entry of historically disadvantaged South Africans, or HDSAs, into the mining industry. Among other things, the Mining Charter requires (i) each mining company to achieve a 15% HDSA ownership of mining assets within five years and a 26% HDSA ownership of mining assets within 10 years, (ii) the mining industry as a whole agrees to assist HDSA companies in securing finance to fund participation in an amount of Rand 100 billion over the first five years and (iii) mining companies to spell out plans for achieving employment equity at management level with a view to achieving a baseline of 40% HDSA participation in management and achieving a baseline of 10% participation by women in the mining industry, in each case within five years. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral RightsThe 2002 Minerals Act.
The acquisition by Mvelaphanda Resources Limited of a 15% beneficial interest in the South African gold mining assets of Gold Fields for cash consideration of Rand 4,139 million was effected to meet the requirement for a 15% HDSA ownership within five years of the charter coming into effect. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsOverviewGeneralMvelaphanda Transaction. However, any further adjustment to the ownership structure of Gold Fields South African mining assets in order to meet the mining charters 10-year HDSA ownership requirement of 26% could have a material adverse effect on the value of Gold Fields ordinary shares and failing to comply with the charters requirements could subject Gold Fields to negative consequences, the scope of which has not yet been fully determined. Gold Fields may also incur expenses to give effect to the charters other requirements, and may need to incur additional indebtedness in order to comply with the industry-wide commitment to assist HDSAs in securing Rand 100 billion of financing during the first five years of the mining charters effectiveness. Moreover, there is no guarantee that any steps Gold Fields has already taken or might take in the future will ensure the successful renewal of all of its existing mining rights or the granting of further new mining rights or that the terms of renewals of its rights would not be significantly less favorable to Gold Fields than the terms of its current rights.
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The Royalty Bill
The Mineral and Petroleum Royalty Bill, or the Royalty Bill proposes to impose a royalty payable by mining companies to the State. The royalty percentage determined is applied to gross revenue for the gold sector. Based on the proposed formula, the rate for Gold Fields, if applied to its results for fiscal 2008, would have been approximately 2% of revenue.
The most recent version of the Royalty Bill was published on June 24, 2008 and subsequently passed by Parliament. However, the Royalty Bill has not yet been signed by the President. If signed, the Bill would come into effect as of May 1, 2009 by its own terms. In either its current or a further revised form, the Royalty Bill could have a negative impact on Gold Fields South African operations and therefore an adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral RightsThe Royalty Bill.
Gold Fields land and mineral rights in South Africa could be subject to land restitution claims which could impose significant costs and burdens.
The Restitution of Land Rights Amendment Act, or the Amendment Act, became law on February 4, 2004. The Amendment Act entitles the Land Minister to acquire ownership of land by way of expropriation in certain limited circumstances. Expropriation would be subject to provisions of legislation and the South African Constitution which provides, in general, for just and equitable compensation. There is, however, no guarantee that any of Gold Fields privately held land rights could not become subject to acquisition by the state without Gold Fields agreement, or that Gold Fields would be adequately compensated for the loss of its land rights, which could have a negative impact on Gold Fields South African operations and therefore an adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaLand Claims.
Gold Fields privately held land could be subject to land restitution claims under the Restitution of Land Rights Act 1994, or the Land Claims Act. Under the Land Claim Act, any person who was dispossessed of rights in land in South Africa as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices without payment of just and equitable compensation is granted certain remedies, including the restoration of the land. Under the Land Claims Act, persons entitled to institute a land claim were required to lodge their claims by December 31, 1998. Gold Fields has not been notified of any land claims, but any claims of which it is notified in the future could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields right to the properties to which the claims relate and, as a result, on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaLand Claims.
Illegal mining occurs on Gold Fields properties in Ghana, is difficult to control, can disrupt Gold Fields business and can expose Gold Fields to liability.
In Ghana, artisanal miners illegally access Gold Fields properties from time to time. In 2008, approximately 2,000 miners illegally occupied the Rex pit at the Damang operation. See Information on the CompanyMining OperationsGhana OperationsDamang MineMining. Illegal mining could result in surface depletion of mineral deposits, potentially making the future mining of such resources uneconomic. The activities of the illegal miners could cause environmental damage or other damage to Gold Fields properties, or personal injury or death for which Gold Fields could potentially be held responsible. The presence of illegal miners could lead to project delays and disputes regarding the development or operation of commercial gold deposits. Illegal mining could also have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields financial condition or results of operations.
Gold Fields operations in Ghana are subject to environmental and health and safety laws and regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields Ghana operations are subject to various environmental laws and regulations. The Ghanaian environmental protection laws require, among other things, that Gold Fields register with the Ghanaian
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environmental authorities, and obtain environmental permits and certificates for the Ghana operations, as well as to rehabilitate land disturbed as a result of their mining operations. Gold Fields is required to secure estimated environmental rehabilitation costs in part by posting a reclamation bond. Gold Fields Ghana is required to post a reclamation bond and deposit a cash amount sufficient to cover 50% of the estimated rehabilitation costs for the two-year period after the date of the last estimate. Changes in the required method of calculation for these bonds or an unforeseen circumstance which produces unexpected costs may materially and adversely affect Gold Fields future environmental expenditures. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersGhanaEnvironmental.
Ghanaian health and safety regulations impose statutory duties on an owner of a mine to, among other things, take steps to ensure that the mine is managed and worked in a manner which provides for the safety and proper discipline of the mine workers. Additionally, Gold Fields is required under the terms of its mining leases to comply with the reasonable instructions of the relevant authorities for securing the health and safety of persons working in or connected with the mine. A violation of the health and safety regulations or a failure to comply with the reasonable instructions of the relevant authorities could lead to, among other things, a temporary shutdown of all or a portion of the mine, a loss of the right to mine or the imposition of costly compliance procedures and, in the case of a violation of the regulations relating to health and safety, constitutes an offense under Ghanaian law. If Ghanaian health and safety authorities require Gold Fields to shut down all or a portion of its mines or to implement costly compliance measures, whether pursuant to existing or new health and safety laws and regulations, such measures could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory Matters GhanaHealth and Safety.
Gold Fields, as the holder of the mining lease, has potential liability arising from injuries to, or deaths of, workers, including, in some cases, workers employed by its contractors. In Ghana, statutory workers compensation is not the exclusive means for workers to claim compensation. Gold Fields insurance for health and safety claims or the relevant workers compensation arrangements may not be adequate to meet the costs which may arise upon any future health and safety claims.
Gold Fields mineral rights in Ghana are currently subject to regulations, and may become subject to new regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
In Ghana, the ownership of land on which there are mineral deposits is separate from the ownership of the minerals. All minerals in their natural state in or upon any land or water are, under Ghanaian law, the property of Ghana and vested in the President on behalf of the people of Ghana. Although the Minerals Commission, the statutory corporation overseeing the mining operations on behalf of the government of Ghana, has submitted the Tarkwa property leases for parliamentary ratification along with leases for other mining companies in Ghana, these leases have not yet been ratified as required by law. Gold Fields Ghana has taken all the steps that it can take towards the ratification of its leases and to date this has not affected Gold Fields Ghanas ability to carry on its operations. To the extent that failure to ratify these leases adversely affects their validity, there may be a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, the new Minerals and Mining Act, 2006 (Act 703), or the Minerals and Mining Act, was passed by the Ghanaian Parliament in fiscal 2006. The Minerals and Mining Act repealed the Minerals and Mining Law, 1986 (PNDCL 153) as amended, or the Minerals and Mining Law, although, as regards existing mineral rights, the Minerals and Mining Law continues to apply to Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso, unless the minister responsible for mines provides otherwise by legislative instrument. Although the Minerals and Mining Act provides that it shall not have the effect of increasing the holders costs, or financial burden, for a period of five years, if in the future new amendments or provisions are passed under the Minerals and Mining Act or new laws are passed which impose significant new costs or burdens on Gold Fields abilities to mine in Ghana or to obtain new mining leases for properties on which deposits are identified, this could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the Company Environmental and Regulatory MattersGhanaMineral Rights.
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Gold Fields operations in Australia are subject to environmental and health and safety laws and regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields Australian operations are subject to various laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, which are similar in scope to those of South Africa and Ghana. Gold Fields may, in the future, incur significant costs to comply with the Australian environmental requirements imposed under existing or new legislation, regulations or permit requirements or to comply with changes in existing laws and regulations or the manner in which they are applied. These costs may have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Australian mining companies are required by law to undertake rehabilitation works as part of their ongoing operation and the Gold Fields subsidiaries that hold its Australian operations provide unconditional bank-guaranteed performance bonds to the Western Australian government as security for the estimated costs. These bonds do not cover remediation for events that were unforeseen at the time the bond was taken. Changes in the required method of calculation for these bond amounts or an unforeseen circumstance which produces unexpected costs may materially and adversely affect future environmental expenditures. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersAustralia Environmental.
Gold Fields is obligated to provide and maintain a working environment which is safe for mine workers. A violation of the health and safety laws or a failure to comply with the instructions of the relevant health and safety authorities could lead to, among other things, a temporary shutdown of all or a portion of the mine, a loss of the right to mine or the imposition of costly compliance procedures and penalties (including imprisonment). If health and safety authorities require Gold Fields to shut down all or a portion of the mine or to implement costly compliance measures, whether pursuant to existing or new health and safety laws and regulations, such measures could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersAustraliaHealth and Safety.
The Australian Government is currently moving to abolish the use of Australian Workplace Agreements which unions may view as an opportunity for greater collective bargaining and a stepping stone to attract greater membership in the future. Greater union activity may increase labor costs and the risk of strikes and may adversely affect Gold Fields financial position and results of operations. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor Relations Australia.
Gold Fields tenements in Australia are subject to native title claims and include Aboriginal heritage sites which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Certain of Gold Fields tenements are subject to native title claims, and there are Aboriginal heritage sites located on certain of Gold Fields tenements. Native title and Aboriginal legislation protect the rights of Aboriginals in relation to the land in certain circumstances. Other tenements may become subject to native title claims if Gold Fields seeks to expand or otherwise change its interest in rights to those tenements. Native title claims could require costly negotiations with the claimants or could affect Gold Fields access to or use of its tenements, and, as a result, have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition.
Aboriginal heritage sites relate to distinct areas of land which have either ongoing ethnographic, archaeological or historic significance. Aboriginal heritage sites have been identified with respect to portions of some of Gold Fields Australian mining tenements. Additional Aboriginal heritage sites may be identified on the same or additional tenements. Gold Fields may, in the future, incur significant costs as a result of changes in the interpretation of, or new laws regarding, native title and Aboriginal heritage, which may result in a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersAustraliaLand Claims.
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Gold Fields mineral rights in Peru are currently subject to regulations, and may become subject to new regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields operations in Peru depend on mining concessions for exploration and exploitation works, obtained from the Geologic, Mining and Metallurgic Institute. In addition, Gold Fields operations in Peru depend on provisional permits, obtained from the Ministry of Energy and Mines, or the MEM, for exploration rights on the area of a claim, and processing concessions, obtained from the MEM, for treatment of mining ores. Under Perus current regulatory regime, mining concessions have an indefinite term, contingent upon payment of the annual concession fee for each mining right. The mining rights are kept in good standing by meeting a minimum annual level of production or investment and by the annual payment of the concession fee. A penalty is to be paid per each year in which minimum production or investment requirements are not met. In addition, any concession fee not paid during its relevant year may be paid the following year within the term provided for making such payment. Any payment made will be applied to the prior year if such prior year payment was not made. Failure to pay such concession fees or penalties during any two consecutive or non-consecutive years shall result in the lapsing of one or more of the mining rights. Gold Fields processing concession at Cerro Corona enjoy the same duration and tenure as the mining rights, subject to payment of a fee based on nominal capacity for the processing plant. Failure to pay such processing fees or penalties during two consecutive or non-consecutive years shall result in the lapsing of the processing concession. If the Geologic, Mining and Metallurgic Institute or the MEM revoke any of Gold Fields concessions, Gold Fields financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
On June 24, 2004, the Peruvian Congress approved the Mining Royalty Law, which established a mining royalty that owners of mining concessions must pay to the Peruvian government for the exploitation of metallic and non-metallic resources. The mining royalties are calculated on a sliding scale with rates ranging from 1% to 3% over the value of mineral concentrates based on international market prices. As provided by the Mining Royalty Law, effective since January 26, 2007, the Peruvian Tax Authority is responsible for the collection of mining royalties. There can be no assurance that the Peruvian government will not impose additional mining royalties in the future or that they will not have an adverse effect on Gold Fields results of operations or financial condition.
Gold Fields operations in Peru are subject to environmental and health and safety laws and regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Gold Fields exploration, mining and milling activities in Cerro Corona are subject to a number of Peruvian laws and regulations, including environmental and health and safety laws and regulations. All mines, including the Cerro Corona Project, must obtain environmental permits from the government. Matters subject to regulation include, but are not limited to, transportation, water use and discharges, power use and generation, use and storage of explosives, housing and other facilities for workers, reclamation, labor standards and mine safety and occupational health.
Gold Fields anticipates that additional laws and regulations will be enacted over time with respect to environmental matters and, potentially health and safety matters. The development of more stringent environmental protection programs in Peru could impose constraints and additional costs on Gold Fields operations in Peru. Existing or new health and safety laws and regulations could cause health and safety authorities to require Gold Fields to shut down all or a portion of the mine or to implement costly compliance measures. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields business, operating results and financial condition. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersPeruHealth and Safety.
The acquisition of Western Areas, BGSA and South Deep may expose Gold Fields to unknown liabilities and risks.
Prior to acquiring South Deep from GFI Joint Venture Holdings (Proprietary) Limited (previously known as Barrick Gold South Africa (Pty) Limited, or BGSA), a subsidiary of Barrick Gold Corporation, or Barrick, and
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Gold Fields Operations Limited (previously known as Western Areas Limited, or Western Areas), Gold Fields was able to conduct only limited due diligence on South Deep, Western Areas and BGSA. There can be no assurance that Gold Fields identified all the liabilities of, and risks associated with, South Deep, BGSA or Western Areas prior to acquiring them or that it will not be subject to unknown liabilities of, and risks associated with, South Deep, Western Areas or BGSA, including liabilities and risks that may become evident only after Gold Fields has been involved in the operational management of South Deep for a longer period of time. On August 21, 2008, Western Areas received a summons from Randgold and Exploration Company Limited, or R&E, and African Strategic Investment (Holdings) Limited. The summons claims that under prior ownership, Western Areas was part of a scam whereby JCI Limited unlawfully disposed of shares owned by R&E in Randgold Resources Limited and Afrikander Lease Limited, now known as Uranium One. See Information on the CompanyLegal Proceedings.
Gold Fields has not independently confirmed the reliability of the South Deep, BGSA or Western Areas information for the period prior to their respective acquisitions by Gold Fields included in this annual report.
In respect of information relating to South Deep or Western Areas presented in this annual report for the period before their respective acquisitions by Gold Fields, Gold Fields relied upon publicly available information, including information publicly filed by Western Areas with the JSE Limited, or the JSE, and certain due diligence materials supplied by Western Areas and Barrick. For example, the majority of Gold Fields attributable proven and probable reserves are outside the current mining area and are based on the pre-acquisition South Deep operation reserve figures as declared for December 2005 by an independent reserve panel for the Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture between Barrick Gold South Africa (Pty) Limited (formerly, Placer Dome South Africa Proprietary Limited) and Western Areas Limited. Gold Field has re-modeled, re-evaluated, designed and scheduled the current mining area in accordance with Gold Fields standards and procedures. The proven and probable reserves for South Deep included in this annual report take account of this revised information as well as mining depletion through June 30, 2008. Although Gold Fields has no knowledge that would indicate that any statements contained in this annual report based upon that publicly available information and those due diligence materials are inaccurate, incomplete or untrue, Gold Fields was not involved in the preparation of the information and materials and has not had the opportunity to perform due diligence on them and, therefore, cannot verify the accuracy, completeness or truth of the information or materials or any failure by Western Areas or Barrick to disclose events that may have occurred, but that are unknown to Gold Fields, that may affect the significance or accuracy of any such information.
Gold Fields may continue to face potential risks associated with operating in Venezuela due to its stake in Rusoro Mining Limited.
On November 30, 2007, Gold Fields disposed of its operations in Venezuela to Rusoro Mining Limited, or Rusoro. Gold Fields received U.S.$180 million in cash and 140 million newly-issued Rusoro shares, which at the time of sale represented approximately 37% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro and as of the date of this annual report represents approximately 36% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro. As a result of its stake in Rusoro, Gold Fields will be indirectly exposed to the risks of operating in Venezuela, which has experienced intense political and social turmoil in recent years. These risks include the costs associated with complying with a rigorous exchange control regime, the costs and other challenges associated with complying with labor laws, the risk of expropriation or other state intervention in the operation of mining businesses, risks associated with the implementation of a new mining rights regime, costs associated with a plan announced by the Venezuelan government to emphasize compliance with tax laws and the costs and other risks associated with complying with environmental, health and safety and worker protection laws. See Information on the CompanyHistory.
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Investors in the United States may have difficulty bringing actions, and enforcing judgments, against Gold Fields, its directors and its executive officers based on the civil liabilities provisions of the federal securities laws or other laws of the United States or any state thereof.
Gold Fields is incorporated in South Africa. The majority of Gold Fields directors and executive officers (as well as Gold Fields independent registered accounting firm) reside outside of the United States. Substantially all of the assets of these persons and substantially all of the assets of Gold Fields are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to enforce against these persons or Gold Fields a judgment obtained in a United States court predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities or other laws of the United States or any state thereof. A foreign judgment is not directly enforceable in South Africa, but constitutes a cause of action which will be enforced by South African courts provided that:
| the court which pronounced the judgment had jurisdiction to entertain the case according to the principles recognized by South African law with reference to the jurisdiction of foreign courts; |
| the judgment is final and conclusive (that is, it cannot be altered by the court which pronounced it); |
| the judgment has not lapsed; |
| the recognition and enforcement of the judgment by South African courts would not be contrary to public policy, including observance of the rules of natural justice which require that the documents initiating the United States proceedings were properly served on the defendant and that the defendant was given the right to be heard and represented by counsel in a free and fair trial before an impartial tribunal; |
| the judgment was not obtained by fraudulent means; |
| the judgment does not involve the enforcement of a penal or revenue law; and |
| the enforcement of the judgment is not otherwise precluded by the provisions of the Protection of Businesses Act 99 of 1978, as amended, of the Republic of South Africa. |
It is the policy of South African courts to award compensation for the loss or damage actually sustained by the person to whom the compensation is awarded. Although the award of punitive damages is generally unknown to the South African legal system, that does not mean that such awards are necessarily contrary to public policy. Whether a judgment is contrary to public policy depends on the facts of each case. Exorbitant, unconscionable or excessive awards will generally be contrary to public policy. South African courts cannot enter into the merits of a foreign judgment and cannot act as a court of appeal or review over the foreign court. South African courts will usually implement their own procedural laws and, where an action based on an international contract is brought before a South African court, the capacity of the parties to the contract will usually be determined in accordance with South African law. It is doubtful whether an original action based on United States federal securities laws may be brought before South African courts. A plaintiff who is not resident in South Africa may be required to provide security for costs in the event of proceedings being initiated in South Africa. Furthermore, the Rules of the High Court of South Africa require that documents executed outside South Africa must be authenticated for the purpose of use in South Africa.
Investors may face liquidity risk in trading Gold Fields ordinary shares on the JSE Limited.
Historically, trading volumes and liquidity of shares listed on the JSE have been low in comparison with other major markets. The ability of a holder to sell a substantial number of Gold Fields ordinary shares on the JSE in a timely manner, especially in a large block trade, may be restricted by this limited liquidity. See The Offer and ListingJSE Limited.
Gold Fields may not pay dividends or make similar payments to its shareholders in the future.
Gold Fields pays cash dividends only if funds are available for that purpose. Whether funds are available depends on a variety of factors, including the amount of cash available and Gold Fields capital expenditures and
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other cash requirements existing at the time. Under South African law, Gold Fields will be entitled to pay a dividend or similar payment to its shareholders only if it meets the solvency and liquidity tests set out in the Companies Act No. 61 of 1973, or the Companies Act, and Gold Fields Articles of Association. Cash dividends or other similar payments may not be paid in the future.
Gold Fields non-South African shareholders face additional investment risk from currency exchange rate fluctuations since any dividends will be paid in Rand.
Dividends or distributions with respect to Gold Fields ordinary shares have historically been paid in Rand. The U.S. dollar or other currency equivalent of any dividends or distributions with respect to Gold Fields ordinary shares will be adversely affected by potential future reductions in the value of the Rand against the U.S. dollar or other currencies. In the future, it is possible that there will be changes in South African exchange control regulations, such that dividends paid out of trading profits will no longer be freely transferable outside South Africa to shareholders who are not residents of the Common Monetary Area. See Additional InformationSouth African Exchange Control Limitations Affecting Security Holders.
Gold Fields ordinary shares are subject to dilution upon the exercise of Gold Fields outstanding share options and the Mvela Gold share exchange option.
As of September 30, 2008, Gold Fields had an aggregate of 1,000,000,000 ordinary shares authorized to be issued and as of that date an aggregate of 653,243,630 ordinary shares were issued and outstanding. Gold Fields currently has two securities option plans which are authorized to grant options in an amount of up to an aggregate of 32,660,034 ordinary shares. As of June 30, 2008, 24,973,180 shares had been awarded under these plans.
Gold Fields employees and directors had outstanding, as of September 30, 2008, options to purchase a total of 13,258,584 ordinary shares at exercise prices of between Rand 20.90 and Rand 154.65 that expire between November 30, 2008 and September 1, 2014. Gold Fields has outstanding, as of September 30, 2008, 3,807,027 share appreciation rights at strike prices of between Rand 70.90 and Rand 125.28, which expire between March 24, 2009 and September 1, 2014, and 5,356,648 performance vesting restricted shares due to be settled between March 24, 2009 and September 1, 2011. As of the same date, Gold Fields had outstanding 33,000 restricted shares due to be settled on November 17, 2008, 18,900 restricted shares due to be settled in November 2009 and 29,600 restricted shares due to be settled on November 2, 2010 under The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan. Shareholders equity interests in Gold Fields will be diluted to the extent of future exercises or settlements of these rights and any additional rights. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe GF Management Incentive Scheme, Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan and Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan.
As part of the Mvelaphanda Transaction, Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, or Mvela Gold, is obliged to subscribe for 15% of the share capital of GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Ltd, or GFIMSA, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields, upon repayment of the Mvela Loan. Under the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement entered into on December 11, 2003, between Gold Fields, GFIMSA, and Mvela Gold in connection with the Mvelaphanda Transaction, for a period of one year after the subscription of the GFIMSA shares each of Gold Fields and Mvela Gold will be entitled to require the exchange of Mvela Golds GFIMSA shares for 50,000,000 ordinary shares of Gold Fields, which it will be free to sell. Shareholders equity interests in Gold Fields will be diluted if Gold Fields or Mvela Gold requires the exchange of GFIMSA shares for Gold Fields shares. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsOverviewGeneralMvelaphanda Transaction.
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ITEM 4: INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
Gold Fields is a significant producer of gold and major holder of gold reserves in South Africa, Ghana, Australia and Peru. Gold Fields is primarily involved in underground and surface gold mining and related activities, including exploration, extraction, processing and smelting. Gold Fields also has an interest in a platinum group metal exploration project. Gold Fields is one of the largest gold producers in the world, based on annual production.
The majority of Gold Fields operations, based on gold production, are located in South Africa. Its South African operations include Driefontein, Kloof, Beatrix and South Deep. Gold Fields also owns the St. Ives and Agnew gold mining operations in Australia and has a 71.1% interest in each of the Tarkwa gold mine and the Damang gold mine in Ghana. Gold Fields also owns an 80.72% economic interest in the Cerro Corona Project, which started producing in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. On November 30, 2007, Gold Fields sold the Choco 10 gold mining operation in Venezuela.
In addition, Gold Fields has gold and other precious metal exploration activities and interests in Africa, Eurasia, Australasia, and the Americas. On November 26, 2007, Gold Fields disposed of its 60% holding in the Essakane exploration project located in Burkina Faso. See ExplorationGold Fields Greenfields Exploration Projects.
As of June 30, 2008, Gold Fields had attributable proven and probable reserves of approximately 80.5 million ounces of gold, as compared to the 89.7 ounces reported as of June 30, 2007. In both years, the reserves are based on the figures reported by Gold Fields mining operations, other than the South Deep operation. The fiscal 2007 reserves for South Deep are based on the number as declared for December 2005 by an independent reserve panel for the Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture between Barrick Gold South Africa (Pty) Limited, or BGSA (formerly, Placer Dome South Africa Proprietary Limited), and Western Areas Limited, or Western Areas, but updated by Gold Fields to June 30, 2007 for mining depletions. The fiscal 2008 reserves for South Deep are based on the pre-acquisition South Deep operation reserve figures as declared by the independent reserve panel but take account of revised information based on Gold Fields re-modeling, re-evaluation, design and schedule of the current mining area in accordance with Gold Fields standards and procedures, as well as depletions through June 30, 2008 (see Risk FactorsGold Fields has not independently confirmed the reliability of the South Deep, BGSA or Western Areas information for the period prior to their respective acquisitions by Gold Fields included in this annual report). In the year ended June 30, 2008, Gold Fields processed 50.4 million tons of ore and produced 3.915 million ounces of gold, of which 3.670 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields.
Since the beginning of fiscal 2008, the following significant events have occurred:
On July 26, 2007, Gold Fields entered into an agreement with JCI Limited, or JCI, and Randgold & Exploration Company Limited, or R&E, pursuant to which JCI and R&E relinquished any rights they may have had to exploration rights on ground contiguous to the South Deep mine (commonly know as Uncle Harrys Area) held by Western Areas Prospecting Limited, a company 74% owned by Western Areas (now known as Gold Fields Operations Limited). Gold Fields paid JCI and R&E a total of Rand 400 million (U.S.$50 million).
On November 30, 2007, Gold Fields disposed of its assets in Venezuela to Rusoro Mining Ltd., or Rusoro, for a total consideration of approximately U.S.$413 million comprising U.S.$180 million in cash and 140 million newly-issued Rusoro shares, which at the time of sale represented approximately 37% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro and as of the date of this annual report represent approximately 36% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro. Pursuant to the transaction, Rusoro acquired Gold Fields stake in the Choco 10 gold mine, as well as the contiguous mineral rights owned by Gold Fields.
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On November 26, 2007, Gold Fields disposed of its 60% holding in the Essakane exploration project located in Burkina Faso to Orezone Resources Inc., or Orezone, for a consideration comprising U.S.$152 million in cash and 41,666,667 common shares of Orezone having an aggregate subscription price of U.S.$48 million, which were issued to Gold Fields wholly-owned subsidiary Gold Fields Essakane (BVI) Limited. Following the acquisition, Gold Fields owns 41,666,667 common shares of Orezone, representing 12.2% of Orezones issued and outstanding common shares.
On March 17, 2008, Gold Fields, Gold Fields Mining Services Limited, or GFLMSL, Mvela Resources, GFIMSA and Mvela Gold entered into an agreement under which the parties agreed that the number of ordinary shares of Gold Fields which Mvela Gold will receive if either Gold Fields or Mvela Gold exercises the right to require the exchange of Mvela Golds GFIMSA shares for ordinary shares of Gold Fields (as contemplated in the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement), will be 50 million Gold Fields shares.
During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields participated in a placement of shares by Sino Gold Mining Limited, or Sino Gold for $77.8 million. In addition, Gold Fields invested an additional $31.6 million into Sino Gold during fiscal 2008 resulting in a total investment of $109.4 million in fiscal 2008. As a result of its participation in the private placement and its additional investment, Gold Fields increased its ownership of Sino Gold to 19.7%. Gold Fields and Sino Gold also agreed to reduce the project entry hurdle in their China-wide exploration alliance to three million ounce targets, down from five million ounces, substantially broadening the scope of the alliance. The alliance has begun negotiating various prospects of which the Benge joint venture, focused on a copper-gold porphyry in the Yunan province, is the most advanced. See ExplorationSino Gold Alliance.
Gold Fields is a public company incorporated in South Africa, with a registered office located at 24 St. Andrews Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa, telephone number +27-11-644-2400.
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Gold Fields is a holding company with its significant ownership interests organized as set forth below.
Group Structure(1)
(1) | Unless otherwise stated, all subsidiaries are, directly or indirectly, wholly-owned by Gold Fields Limited. |
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General
Gold Fields strategy has evolved over time and is premised on the following three basic pillars:
| operational excellence, which is aimed at improving returns through the optimization of existing assets. This is achieved in the first instance through improving productivity. It also implies the reduction of costs through cost management initiatives and growing assets through inward investment; |
| growing Gold Fields by diversifying geographical, technical and product risk through acquiring and developing additional long-life assets; and |
| securing the future of Gold Fields by earning and maintaining what Gold Fields calls its license to operate in those countries and regions in which it operates and by upholding strong principles of corporate governance. Gold Fields views its ability to conduct its operations as involving a reciprocal commitment from Gold Fields to the communities where it is located to deal with issues related to sustainable development. |
Health and Safety
Safety has always been of critical importance to Gold Fields, but in light of a significant number of recent health and safety issues, including the deaths of 47 workers at Gold Fields mines during fiscal 2008, the Company has undertaken a renewed commitment to safety, making the safe operation of its mines its top strategic priority. Indeed, Gold Fields has publicly stated that it will not mine if it cannot mine safely. As part of its commitment, the Company has undertaken the following initiatives:
| revised Health and Safety plans were implemented at Gold Fields South African operations in the second quarter of fiscal 2008, and were reviewed for potential improvements and reenergized during the fourth quarter, |
| in February 2008, the operational bonus system was changed to provide an equal weighting between production and safety performance. A similar principle has been applied to executive incentive compensation starting in fiscal 2009, with approximately 30% of executive bonus payments, including those of the chief executive officer, now linked to health and safety performance; |
| full audits for compliance with the Gold Fields Full Compliance Health and Safety Management System (see Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesHealth and SafetySafety) are now to occur at least once a year, and quarterly or semi-annually until required levels of compliance are achieved; |
| a comprehensive review of pillar and remnant mining across all operations has been undertaken, resulting in a reduction of planned pillar mining at the Driefontein and Kloof operations in South Africa; |
| DuPont International has been commissioned to conduct a comprehensive safety audit across all of Gold Fields operations, covering all aspects of Gold Fields health and safety management systems, strategies and plans. The project commenced at the South African operations in May 2008 and is scheduled for completion by the end of October 2008, after which it will be extended to the international operations; and |
| a comprehensive review of the status of infrastructure across all of Gold Fields operations was initiated, which identified a number of items in South Africa that required immediate action to improve safety, including three instances requiring a suspension or curtailment of normal production. An external consultant has been appointed to audit the results of the review with the audit for the more critical shafts expected to be completed by the end of calendar 2008 and the audit for the remainder of the shafts expected to be completed in the first half of calendar 2009. |
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Strategic Review
In connection with Nicholas Hollands appointment as Chief Executive Officer as of May 1, 2008, Gold Fields undertook a strategic review that concluded that the basic strategy remained robust and appropriate but that a number of both short-term and medium-term strategic adjustments needed to be made.
Short-term Priorities
Gold Fields has set itself the goal of returning to production of four million ounces of gold on an annualized basis during the third quarter of fiscal 2009, with a target of achieving Notional Cash Expenditure, or NCE, of approximately $725 per ounce (as calculated for management reporting purposes, using an exchange rate of R8.00 to $1.00).
Gold Fields defines notional cash expenditure, or NCE, as operating costs plus additions to property plant and equipment, and defines operating costs as production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) plus corporate expenditure, employment termination costs and accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation. Gold Fields reports NCE on a per ounce basis. Management considers NCE per ounce to be an important measure as it believes NCE per ounce provides more information than other commonly used measures, such as total cash costs per ounce, regarding the real cost to Gold Fields of producing an ounce of gold, reflecting not only the ongoing costs of production but also the investment cost of bringing mines into production. Management also believes that NCE per ounce is a useful indication of the cash Gold Fields has available to do things other than produce gold, such as paying taxes, repaying debt, funding exploration and paying dividends.
NCE is not a U.S. GAAP measure. An investor should not consider NCE or operating costs in isolation or as alternatives to production costs, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. NCE and operating costs as presented in this annual report may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of performance of other companies. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operationsyears Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007Notional Cash Expenditure.
By achieving these targets, Gold Fields expects to restore positive cash flow generation at gold prices above the targeted NCE of $725 per ounce (as calculated for management reporting purposes, using an exchange rate of R8.00 to $1.00). The necessary steps for achieving these goals include:
| the ramp-up to full production of the Cerro Corona Project in Peru; |
| completion of the CIL plant expansion project at the Tarkwa operation in Ghana |
| the ramp-up to full production of new underground mines at the St. Ives operation in Australia; and |
| the completion of infrastructure rehabilitation projects at the Driefontein, Kloof and South Deep operations in South Africa, with a subsequent ramp-up of production in South Africa to an annualized rate of approximately 2.3 million ounces. |
In setting this target, Gold Fields has assumed that its projects will deliver as planned, its costs will increase only in line with inflation and there are no unforeseen external issues.
Medium-term Priorities
In the medium term, Gold Fields target is to reorganize, diversify and grow itself into a truly global gold producer, with a goal of approximately one million gold equivalent ounces per annum either in or close to production in each of West Africa, Australasia and South America, and approximately 2.3 million ounces in South Africa.
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Growth Projects
Owing to the shortage of large, viable gold projects, Gold Fields has lowered its size selection criteria compared to previous years. To be considered by Gold Fields, generally an exploration project must have the potential to meet certain target criteria (which vary depending on other strategic objectives and the quality of the project): the potential for a minimum of 2,000,000 (formerly 5,000,000) ounces of reserves; production rates in the range of 200,000 (formerly 500,000) gold equivalent ounces per year; and a positive internal rate of return at long-term gold prices that Gold Fields models conservatively. Gold Fields is prepared to consider projects with a higher risk profile if it believes they will offer superior returns. This position could result in consideration of additional multi-commodity targets such as copper-gold deposits or gold-silver type deposits.
Outside South Africa, the three key regions of West Africa, Australasia and South America have been identified as containing prospective emerging gold and mineral belts with medium to long term potential where Gold Fields has existing operational capabilities. The objective of Gold Fields presence is to grow each of these regions and to develop one million ounce per annum production profiles in each. Emphasis is also placed on reviewing non-geological aspects of prospective projects, such as social, political, environmental and commercial risks, ensuring that an appropriate risk versus reward tradeoff analysis is factored into the decision. In appropriate circumstances, Gold Fields will also consider opportunities outside its key regions of focus.
For acquisitions of assets or companies outside South Africa, South African exchange control regulations limit Gold Fields ability to provide guarantees or borrow outside South Africa without express approval from the South African Reserve Bank, or the SARB. However, the government has indicated that its intention is to gradually phase out the remaining exchange controls over time and Gold Fields has a strong track record in development gaining approval for its acquisitions and growing its international operations.
Regional Restructuring
Gold Fields views itself as a truly global mining company, but believes that in some circles it is perceived as predominantly a South African company with a few international operations. In order to change this perception and be recognized as a global diversified company, Gold Fields has begun the process of restructuring its operations into four regions that will operate with more autonomy than under Gold Fields current structure: South Africa; West Africa; South America; and Australasia. Each of these regions will be led by a strong, entrepreneurial and appropriately resourced and incentivized management team, tasked with running the mines safely and efficiently, as well as driving and being significantly involved in the growth of the business within the region. The current corporate head office will be reduced in scope and size to serve as a brain trust, focused on overall strategy, the allocation of capital and strategic guidance for the regions. The corporate head office will also establish and monitor operational standards which will apply across the regions in areas such as, for example, safety, health and environmental issues, finance and human resources. Gold Fields intends to reduce the corporate office by redeploying resources to the regions rather than through large-scale retrenchments.
Hedging
Gold Fields policy remains not to enter into forward sales, derivatives or other hedging arrangements to establish a price in advance for future gold production. Gold Fields believes that investors in Gold Fields shares seek an unlimited exposure to movements in the U.S. dollar gold price and the resulting effect on Gold Fields earnings. However, commodity hedges are sometimes undertaken in one or more of the following circumstances: to protect cash flows at times of significant capital expenditures; for specific debt servicing requirements; and to safeguard the viability of higher cost operations.
Gold Fields may from time to time establish currency and/or interest rate financial instruments to protect underlying cash flows or to take advantage of potential favorable currency movements.
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Reserves of Gold Fields as of June 30, 2008
Methodology
While there are some differences between the definition of the South African Code for Reporting of Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves, or SAMREC Code, and that of the Securities and Exchange Commissions, or SECs, industry guide number 7, only reserves at each of Gold Fields operations and exploration projects as of June 30, 2008 which qualify as reserves for purposes of the SECs industry guide number 7 are presented in the table below. See Glossary of Mining Terms. In accordance with the requirements imposed by the JSE, Gold Fields reports its reserves using the terms and definitions of the SAMREC Code. Mineral or ore reserves, as defined under the SAMREC Code, are divided into categories of proven and probable reserves and are expressed in terms of tons to be processed at mill feed head grades, allowing for estimated mining dilution and recovery factors.
Gold Fields reports reserves using cut-off grades (mainly for open pit operations) and pay limits to ensure the reserves realistically reflect both the cost structures and required margins relevant to each mining operation. Cut-off grade is the grade that distinguishes the material within an orebody that is to be extracted and treated from the remaining material. The pay limit is the grade at which an orebody can be mined without profit or loss calculated using an appropriate gold or copper price and working costs, plus modifying factors. Modifying factors used to calculate the pay limit grades include adjustments to mill delivered amounts, due to dilution incurred in the course of mining. Modifying factors applied in estimating reserves are primarily historical, but commonly incorporate adjustments for planned operational improvements such as those described below under Description of Mining BusinessProductivity Initiatives. Tonnage and grade may include some mineralization below the selected pay limit and cut-off grade to ensure that the reserve comprises blocks of adequate size and continuity. Reserves also take into account cost levels at each operation and are supported by mine plans.
The estimation of reserves at the South African underground operations is based on surface drilling, underground drilling, surface three-dimensional reflection seismics, orebody facies, structural modeling, underground channel sampling and geostatistical estimation. The reefs are initially explored by drilling from the surface on an approximately 500 meter to 2,000 meter grid. Once underground access is available, drilling is undertaken on an approximately 30 meter by 60 meter grid. Underground channel sampling perpendicular to the reef is undertaken at three meter intervals in development areas and five meter intervals at stope faces.
The following sets out the reserve estimation methodologies for the different categories of reserves at the underground operations of each of the South African mines (other than South Deep, where Gold Fields is still evaluating the reserve position following its acquisition of the mine).
Driefontein
Reserve Classification |
Sample Spacing Range Min/Max (meters) |
Maximum Distance Data is Projected (meters) | ||
Proven |
3 to 180 | 110 | ||
Probable (AI)(1) |
3 to 1,140 | 570 | ||
Probable (BI)(1) |
3 to 2,840 | 1,420 |
Note:
(1) | AI is above infrastructure; BI is below infrastructure. |
For proven reserves, the orebody is opened-up and sampled on a three meter spacing for development (such as raises), and a five meter grid for stoping, together with underground borehole spacings ranging from tens to hundreds of meters. Blocks classified as proven are therefore generally adjacent to close spaced sampling and
35
generally pierced by a relatively dense irregular pattern of boreholes. Estimation is constrained within both geologically homogenous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from either ordinary or simple kriged small-scale grids, ranging from 10 meter to 20 meter block sizes.
For above infrastructure probable reserves, the estimates access the significant numbers of samples on a three meter spacing for development, and a five meter grid for stoping bordering these areas. In addition underground borehole spacings ranging from tens to hundreds of meters are used together with surface drillholes and seismic surveys. Blocks classified as probable (AI) are generally adjacent to blocks classified as proven. Estimation is constrained within homogenous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from either ordinary or simple kriged medium to macro scale sized grids ranging from 40 meter to 420 meter sizes, or through declustered averaging or Sichel t techniques. For planning purposes these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the cut-off grade.
For below infrastructure probable reserves, the estimates access the significant numbers of samples on a three meter spacing for development, and a five meter grid for stoping above these areas. In addition underground borehole spacings ranging from tens to hundreds of meters are used together with surface drillholes and seismic surveys. Blocks classified as probable (BI) are generally below blocks classified as proven or probable (AI). Estimation is constrained within homogenous structural and facies zones, and is generally derived from either ordinary or simple kriged medium to macro scale sized grids ranging from 40 meters to 420 meter sizes, or through declustered averaging or Sichel t techniques. For planning purposes these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the cut-off grade.
Kloof
Reserve Classification |
Sample Spacing Range Min/Max (meters) |
Maximum Distance Data is Projected (meters) | ||
Proven |
3 to 150 | 150 | ||
Probable (AI)(1) |
3 to 718 | 360 | ||
Probable (BI)(1) |
3 to 1,390 | 890 |
Note:
(1) | AI is above infrastructure; BI is below infrastructure. |
Estimations for proven reserves are made on the same basis as at Driefontein.
Estimations for above infrastructure probable reserves are made on the same basis as at Driefontein, but with medium sized kriged grids starting from 40 meters to macro blocks of 400 meters. For planning purposes these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the cut-off grade.
Estimations for below infrastructure probable reserves are made on the same basis as at Driefontein, but with medium-sized kriged grids starting from 40 meters to macro blocks of 400 meters. The distinction between estimation techniques for above infrastructure and below infrastructure probable reserves is the same as at Driefontein. For planning purposes these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the cut-off grade.
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Beatrix
Reserve Classification |
Sample Spacing Range Min/Max (meters) |
Maximum Distance Data is Projected (meters) | ||
Proven |
3 to 120 | 120 | ||
Probable (AI)(1) |
3 to 940 | 750 | ||
Probable (BI)(1) |
3 to 610 | 740 |
Note:
(1) | AI is above infrastructure; BI is below infrastructure. |
Estimations for proven reserves are made on the same basis as at Driefontein but with kriging blocks ranging from 16 meters to 32 meters.
Estimations for above infrastructure probable reserves are made on the same basis as at Driefontein but with medium-sized kriged blocks of 32 meters, and macro geological zone estimates being made through declustered averaging or Sichel t techniques. For planning purposes these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the cut-off grade.
Estimations for below infrastructure probable reserves are made on the same basis as at Driefontein but with medium-sized kriged blocks being 32 meters, to macro geological zone estimates through declustered averaging or Sichel t techniques. The distinction between estimation techniques for above infrastructure and below infrastructure probable reserves is the same as at Driefontein. For planning purposes these blocks are further evaluated to facilitate the selection of blocks above the cut-off grade.
The primary assumptions of continuity of the geologically homogenous zones are driven by the geological model, which is updated only if new information arises. Any changes to the model are subject to peer, internal technical corporate consultant and independent consultant review. Historically, mining at South African deep level gold mines has shown significant geological continuity, so that new mines were started based on limited surface borehole information. Customarily, geological facies are primarily based on the definition of different facies within each conglomerate horizon. These facies are extrapolated into new, undeveloped areas taking into account any surface borehole data in those areas. Normally these facies are continuous, supported by extensive historical sample databases, and can be incorporated in the macro kriging of large blocks.
For the Tarkwa open pit operation, estimation of reserves is based on a combination of an initial 100 or 200 meter grid of diamond drilling and in certain areas a 12.5 meter to 25.0 meter grid of reverse circulation drilling. For the Damang open pit operation, estimation of reserves is based on a 20 meter to 80 meter grid of diamond drilling and in certain areas reverse circulation drilling.
At the Australian operations, the estimation of reserves for both underground and open pit operations is based on exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques, primarily from drill holes and mine development. The locations of sample points are spaced closely enough to deduce or confirm geological and grade continuity. Generally, drilling is undertaken on grids, which range between 20 meters by 20 meters to 40 meters by 40 meters, although this may vary depending on the continuity of the orebody. Due to the variety and diversity of resources at St. Ives and Agnew, sample spacing may also vary depending on each particular ore type.
For the Cerro Corona Project, estimation is based on diamond drill and reverse circulation holes. The spacing of holes at Cerro Corona is generally around 50 meters, with some areas approximating a 25 meter grid.
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Reserve Statement
As of June 30, 2008, Gold Fields had aggregate attributable proven and probable gold reserves of approximately 80.5 million ounces as set forth in the following table.
Gold ore reserve statement as of June 30, 2008(1)
Tons | Proven reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Tons | Probable reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Tons | Total reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Attributable gold production in the 12 months ended June 30, 2008(2) |
||||||||||||
(million) | (g/t) | (000 oz) | (million) | (g/t) | (000 oz) | (million) | (g/t) | (000 oz) | (000 oz) | ||||||||||||
Underground (UG) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein (UG) (total) |
19.7 | 7.6 | 4,834 | 51.6 | 8.8 | 14,671 | 71.3 | 8.5 | 19,505 | 855 | |||||||||||
Above infrastructure(3) |
19.7 | 7.6 | 4,834 | 19.3 | 9.7 | 6,003 | 39.0 | 8.6 | 10,837 | 855 | |||||||||||
Below infrastructure(3) |
| | | 32.3 | 8.3 | 8,668 | 32.3 | 8.3 | 8,668 | | |||||||||||
Kloof (UG) (total) |
18.7 | 8.9 | 5,334 | 19.5 | 8.6 | 5,374 | 38.2 | 8.7 | 10,708 | 791 | |||||||||||
Above infrastructure(3) |
18.7 | 8.9 | 5,334 | 17.2 | 8.7 | 4,790 | 35.9 | 8.8 | 10,124 | 791 | |||||||||||
Below infrastructure(3) |
| | | 2.3 | 7.9 | 584 | 2.3 | 7.9 | 584 | | |||||||||||
South Deep (UG) (total)(6) |
14.6 | 6.4 | 3,000 | 135.1 | 6.0 | 26,127 | 149.7 | 6.1 | 29,127 | 224 | |||||||||||
Above infrastructure(3)(6) |
14.6 | 6.4 | 3,000 | 68.5 | 6.3 | 13,812 | 83.1 | 6.3 | 16,812 | 224 | |||||||||||
Below infrastructure(3)(6) |
| | | 66.6 | 5.8 | 12,315 | 66.6 | 5.8 | 12,315 | | |||||||||||
Beatrix (UG) (total) |
12.0 | 4.6 | 1,781 | 29.5 | 5.2 | 4,915 | 41.5 | 5.0 | 6,696 | 438 | |||||||||||
Above infrastructure(3) |
12.0 | 4.6 | 1,781 | 26.5 | 5.2 | 4,435 | 38.5 | 5.0 | 6,216 | 438 | |||||||||||
Below infrastructure(3) |
| | | 3.0 | 5.0 | 480 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 480 | | |||||||||||
Australia |
|||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
0.6 | 7.3 | 150 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 602 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 751 | 140 | |||||||||||
Agnew |
0.4 | 8.3 | 106 | 1.7 | 9.2 | 494 | 2.1 | 8.9 | 600 | 138 | |||||||||||
Total Underground |
66.0 | 7.2 | 15,205 | 240.7 | 6.7 | 52,183 | 306.7 | 6.8 | 67,387 | 2,586 | |||||||||||
Surface (Rock Dumps) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein |
| | | 9.1 | 0.7 | 197 | 9.1 | 0.7 | 197 | 73 | |||||||||||
Kloof |
| | | 12.8 | 0.8 | 362 | 12.8 | 0.8 | 362 | 30 | |||||||||||
South Deep(6) |
| | | | | | | | | 8 | |||||||||||
Surface (Production Stockpile) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Ghana |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa |
2.7 | 0.7 | 60 | | | | 2.7 | 0.7 | 60 | | |||||||||||
Damang |
| | | 3.4 | 1.1 | 117 | 3.4 | 1.1 | 117 | | |||||||||||
Australia |
|||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
4.3 | 1.2 | 163 | | | | 4.3 | 1.2 | 163 | | |||||||||||
Agnew |
0.4 | 1.2 | 15 | | | | 0.4 | 1.2 | 15 | | |||||||||||
Peru |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
0.5 | 1.4 | 23 | | | | 0.5 | 1.4 | 23 | | |||||||||||
Surface (Open Pit) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Ghana |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa |
110.2 | 1.3 | 4,530 | 90.0 | 1.2 | 3,453 | 200.2 | 1.2 | 7,983 | 459 | (4) | ||||||||||
Damang(5) |
3.3 | 2.6 | 276 | 11.4 | 1.6 | 569 | 14.7 | 1.8 | 845 | 138 | (4) |
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Tons | Proven reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Tons | Probable reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Tons | Total reserves Head Grade |
Gold | Attributable gold production in the 12 months ended June 30, 2008(2) |
||||||||||||
(million) | (g/t) | (000 oz) | (million) | (g/t) | (000 oz) | (million) | (g/t) | (000 oz) | (000 oz) | ||||||||||||
Australia |
|||||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives(5) |
0.2 | 4.0 | 20 | 17.5 | 1.7 | 945 | 17.7 | 1.7 | 965 | 278 | (4) | ||||||||||
Agnew(5) |
| | | | | | | | | 66 | (4) | ||||||||||
Peru |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
19.0 | 1.1 | 680 | 56.4 | 1.0 | 1,731 | 75.5 | 1.0 | 2,411 | | |||||||||||
Total Surface |
140.6 | 1.3 | 5,767 | 200.6 | 1.1 | 7,374 | 341.3 | 1.2 | 13,141 | 1,052 | |||||||||||
Grand Total |
206.6 | 3.2 | 20,973 | 441.3 | 4.2 | 59,557 | 647.9 | 3.9 | 80,530 | 3,638 | |||||||||||
Totals by Mine |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein |
19.7 | 7.6 | 4,834 | 60.7 | 7.6 | 14,868 | 80.4 | 7.6 | 19,702 | 928 | |||||||||||
Kloof |
18.7 | 8.9 | 5,334 | 32.3 | 5.5 | 5,736 | 51.0 | 6.8 | 11,070 | 821 | |||||||||||
South Deep(6) |
14.6 | 6.4 | 3,000 | 135.1 | 6.0 | 26,127 | 149.7 | 6.1 | 29,127 | 232 | |||||||||||
Beatrix |
12.0 | 4.6 | 1,781 | 29.5 | 5.2 | 4,915 | 41.5 | 5.0 | 6,696 | 438 | |||||||||||
Tarkwa |
112.9 | 1.3 | 4,590 | 90.0 | 1.2 | 3,453 | 202.9 | 1.2 | 8,044 | 459 | |||||||||||
Damang |
3.3 | 2.6 | 276 | 14.9 | 1.4 | 686 | 18.1 | 1.7 | 963 | 138 | |||||||||||
St. Ives |
5.1 | 2.0 | 333 | 20.8 | 2.3 | 1,547 | 25.9 | 2.3 | 1,879 | 418 | |||||||||||
Agnew |
0.8 | 4.7 | 121 | 1.7 | 9.2 | 494 | 2.5 | 7.7 | 615 | 204 | |||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
19.5 | 1.1 | 704 | 56.4 | 1.0 | 1,731 | 75.9 | 1.0 | 2,435 | | |||||||||||
Grand Total |
206.6 | 3.2 | 20,973 | 441.3 | 4.2 | 59,557 | 647.9 | 3.9 | 80,530 | 3,638 |
Notes:
(1) (a) | Quoted as mill delivered metric tons and Run of Mine, or RoM, grades, inclusive of all mining dilutions and gold losses except mill recovery. Metallurgical recovery factors have not been applied to the reserve figures. The approximate metallurgical factors are as follows: (1) Driefontein 97.0%; (2) Kloof 97.6%; (3) Beatrix 96.1%; (4) South Deep 97.1%; (5) Tarkwa 97.0% for milling, 65.0% for heap leach; (6) Damang 93.6% to 94%; (7) St. Ives 94% to 95% for milling, 57% to 85% for heap leach; (8) Agnew 93.3%; and (9) Cerro Corona 55% to 75% for gold. The metallurgical recovery is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the mass of the specific mineral product actually recovered from ore treated at the plant to its total specific mineral content before treatment. The South African operations have a fairly consistent metallurgical recovery, while the recoveries on the International operations vary according to the mix of the source material and method of treatment. |
(b) | For Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix, a gold price of Rand 150,000 per kilogram ($650 per ounce at an exchange rate of Rand 7.18 per $1.00) was applied in calculating ore reserve figures. For the Tarkwa and Damang operations, ore reserve figures are based on an optimized pit at a gold price of $650 per ounce. For the Cerro Corona gold reserves, the optimized pit is based on a gold price of $650 per ounce and a copper price of $1.75 per pound, which, due to the nature of the deposit, need to be considered together. For the Australian operations ore reserve figures are based on a gold price of A$750 per ounce ($650 per ounce at an exchange rate of A$1.15 per $1.00). Open pit ore reserves at the Australian operations are similarly based on optimized pits. The gold price used for reserves is the approximate three-year average, calculated on a monthly basis, of the London afternoon fixing price of gold. These prices are approximately 25% higher in South African Rand terms, 18% higher in U.S. dollar terms and 5% higher in Australian dollar terms than the prices used for the June 30, 2007 declaration and reflect the effect of a consistently increasing gold price on the three-year historical average. Gold Fields is still evaluating the reserve position at South Deep following its acquisition of the mine during fiscal 2007 and accordingly has included the reserves beyond the updated current mining area for South Deep as declared by the Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture (now, the |
39
South Deep Joint Venture) as at December 31, 2005, before its acquisition by Gold Fields, updated to June 30, 2008 for mining depletion. These historical reserves were calculated using a Rand price of 87,193 per kilogram ($400 per ounce at an exchange rate of Rand 6.78 per $1.00). |
(c) | For the South African operations, mine dilution relates to the difference between the mill tonnage and the stope face tonnage and includes other sources stoping (which is waste that is broken on the mining horizon, other than on the stope face), development to mill and tonnage discrepancy (which is the difference between the tonnage expected on the basis of the mines measuring methods and the tonnage accounted for by the plant). For the International operations, dilution relates to unplanned waste and/or low-grade material being mined and delivered to the mill. Ranges are given for those operations that have multiple orebody styles and mining methodologies. The mine dilution factors are as follows: (i) Driefontein 23%; (ii) Kloof 27%; (iii) Beatrix 18.6%; (iv) Tarkwa 11%; (v) Damang 15% for hydrothermal and 3% to 33% depending on the channel width of the reef for paleoplacer; (vi) St. Ives 10% to 16% (open pits) and 5% to 35% (underground); (vii) Agnew 12%; and (viii) Cerro Corona 0.2%. |
(d) | The mining recovery factor relates to the proportion or percentage of ore mined from the defined orebody at the gold price used for the declaration of reserves. This percentage will vary from mining area to mining area and reflects planned and scheduled reserves against total potentially available reserves (at the gold price used for the declaration of reserves), with all modifying factors, mining constraints and pillar discounts applied. The mining recovery factors are as follows: (i) Driefontein 87%; (ii) Kloof 40%; (iii) Beatrix 58%; (iv) Tarkwa 108%; (v) Damang 100%; (vi) St. Ives 95% (open pits) and 60% to 100% (underground); and (vii) Agnew 94%. |
(e) | The pay limit (South African operations) and cut-off grade (International operations) vary per shaft, open pit or underground mine, depending on the respective costs, depletion schedule, ore type and dilution. The following are the average or range of values applied in the planning process: (i) Driefontein 1,400 cm.g/t; (ii) Kloof 1,670 cm.g/t; (iii) Beatrix 910 cm.g/t; (iv) South Deep 4.24g/t to 5.24g/t (at South Deep, the values are expressed in g/t, as focus is on tonnage rather than square meters); (v) Tarkwa 0.34 g/t for heap leach and 0.50 g/t for mill feed; (vi) Damang 0.74 g/t for fresh ore and 0.38 g/t for oxide ore; (vii) St. Ives 0.35 g/t to 0.84 g/t for heap leach, 0.94 g/t to 2.8 g/t for mill feedopen pit, and 2.9 g/t to 5.0 g/t for mill feedunderground; (viii) Agnew 0.53 to 0.78 g/t for mill feedstockpiles, and 4.43 to 4.62 g/t for mill feedunderground; and (ix) Cerro Corona $8.40 net smelter return (combined copper and gold). |
(f) | Totals may not sum due to rounding. Where this occurs it is not deemed significant. |
(2) | Actual gold produced after metallurgical recovery. |
(3) | Above infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently has infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur. Below infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently does not have infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur, but where the operation has made plans to install additional infrastructure in the future which will allow mining to occur at that level. |
(4) | Includes some gold produced from stockpile material, which cannot be separately measured. |
(5) | Excludes inferred material within the pit design. |
(6) | See Risk FactorsGold Fields has not independently confirmed the reliability of the South Deep, BGSA or Western Areas information for the period prior to their respective acquisitions by Gold Fields included in this annual report and note (1)(b) above. |
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The following table sets forth the proven and probable copper reserves of the Cerro Corona Project as of June 30, 2008 that are attributable to Gold Fields.
Copper ore reserve statement as of June 30, 2008(1)(2)
Tons | Proven Reserves Grade Cu |
Cu | Tons | Probable Reserves Grade Cu |
Cu | Tons | Total Reserves Grade Cu |
Cu | Attributable copper production in the 12 months ended June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||
(million) | (%) | (million lbs) |
(million) | (%) | (million lbs) |
(million) | (%) | (million lbs) |
(million lbs) | |||||||||||
Surface (Open Pit) Peru |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Corona |
19.5 | 0.6 | 253 | 56.4 | 0.5 | 604 | 75.9 | 0.5 | 856 | |
Notes:
(1) | Metallurgical recovery factors have not been applied to the reserve figures. The approximate metallurgical factor for copper at Cerro Corona is 76% to 90%. |
(2) | For the copper reserves, the optimized pit is based on a gold price of $650 per ounce and a copper price of $1.75 per pound, which, due to the nature of the deposit, need to be considered together. |
Gold and copper price sensitivity
The amount of gold mineralization that Gold Fields can economically extract, and therefore can classify as reserves, is very sensitive to fluctuations in the price of gold. At gold prices different than the gold price of $650 per ounce used to estimate Gold Fields attributable gold reserves of 80.5 million ounces of gold as of June 30, 2008 listed above, Gold Fields operations would have had significantly different reserves. Based on the same methodology and assumptions as were used to estimate Gold Fields reserves as of June 30, 2008 listed above, but applying different gold prices that are 10% above and below the $650 per ounce gold price used to estimate Gold Fields attributable reserves, the attributable gold reserves of Gold Fields operations would have been as follows:
$585/oz | $650/oz | $715/oz | |||||
(000 oz) | |||||||
Driefontein(1) |
10,710 | (2) | 19,702 | 20,265 | |||
Kloof(1) |
8,885 | 11,070 | 11,432 | ||||
Beatrix(1) |
5,602 | 6,696 | 7,336 | ||||
Tarkwa |
6,565 | 8,044 | 9,279 | ||||
Damang |
909 | 963 | 1,034 | ||||
St. Ives |
1,777 | 1,879 | 1,922 | ||||
Agnew |
532 | 615 | 623 | ||||
Cerro Corona(3) |
2,435 | 2,435 | 2,435 | ||||
Total(1)(4) |
37,415 | 51,403 | 54,325 | ||||
Notes:
(1) | South African operations reserves include run-of-mine ore stockpiles. As Gold Fields is still evaluating the reserve position at South Deep following its acquisition of the mine during fiscal 2007, and has included the reserves for South Deep declared by the Placer DomeWestern Areas Limited Joint Venture as at December 31, 2005, calculated using a U.S. dollar price of $400 per ounce, and updated to June 30, 2008 for re-modeling at the current mining area only at this stage, it is not feasible to present a comparable sensitivity analysis for South Deep. See Risk FactorsGold Fields has not independently confirmed the reliability of the South Deep, BGSA or Western Areas information for the period prior to their respective acquisitions by Gold Fields included in this annual report. |
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(2) | Excludes Shaft No. 9 below infrastructure material that would not be economical to mine, and thus would not be a reserve, at this lower gold price. |
(3) | Under the current tailings dam design at Cerro Corona, reserves would not respond to an upward movement of the gold price because of current capacity constraints at the tailings storage facility for the Cerro Corona Project. A decrease of 10% in gold prices is insufficient to affect the level of gold reserves. |
(4) | The sensitivity analyses are calculated as 10% above and below the base price in the local currency of the respective operation, with Ghana and Cerro Corona calculated in U.S.$, and applying an exchange rate of Rand 7.18 per $1.00 for the South African operations and A$1.15 per $1.00 for the Australian operations. Totals may not sum due to rounding. Where this occurs, it is not deemed significant. |
The London afternoon fixing price for gold on October 31, 2008 was U.S.$730.75 per ounce. Gold Fields attributable gold reserves decreased from 89.7 million ounces at June 30, 2007 to 80.5 million ounces at June 30, 2008, primarily due to re-modeling, mining depletion, the sale of Choco 10 and a review of pillar mining.
The amount of copper mineralization that Gold Fields can economically extract, and therefore can classify as reserves, could be sensitive to fluctuations in the price of copper. Based on the same methodology and assumptions as were used to estimate Gold Fields copper reserves as of June 30, 2008 listed above, but applying different copper prices that are 10% above and below the copper price of $1.75 per pound used to estimate Gold Fields attributable copper reserves, the attributable copper reserves of Gold Fields operations would have been as follows:
$1.57/lb | $1.75/lb | $1.93/lb | ||||
Copper (million lbs) | ||||||
Cerro Corona(1) |
856 | 856 | 856 |
Note:
(1) | Under the current tailings dam design at Cerro Corona, reserves would not respond to an upward movement of the copper price because of current capacity constraints at the tailings storage facility for Cerro Corona. A decrease of 10% in copper prices is insufficient to affect the level of copper reserves. |
The London Metal Exchange, or LME, cash buyer price for copper on October 31, 2008 was U.S.$3,992.50 per tonne.
Gold Fields methodology for determining its reserves is subject to change and is based upon estimates and assumptions made by management regarding a number of factors as noted above under Methodology. Accordingly, the sensitivity analysis of Gold Fields reserves provided above should not be relied upon as indicative of what the estimate of Gold Fields reserves would actually be or have been at the gold or copper prices indicated, or at any other gold or copper price, nor should it be relied upon as a basis for estimating Gold Fields ore reserves based on the current gold or copper price or what Gold Fields reserves will be at any time in the future. See Risk FactorsGold Fields reserves are estimates based on a number of assumptions, any changes to which may require Gold Fields to lower its estimated reserves.
Geology
The majority of Gold Fields gold production is derived from deep-level underground gold mines located along the northern and western margins of the Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa. These properties include the Driefontein operation, the Kloof operation, the Beatrix operation and the South Deep operation. These mines are typical of the many Witwatersrand Basin operations, which have been the primary contributors to South Africas production of a significant portion of the worlds recorded gold production since 1886.
The Witwatersrand Basin comprises a 6,000 meter vertical thickness of sedimentary rocks, extending laterally for some 300 kilometers northeast to southwest by some 100 kilometers northwest to southeast, generally dipping at shallow angles toward the center of the basin. The basin outcrops at its northern extent near
42
Johannesburg but to the west, south and east it is overlaid by up to 4,000 meters of volcanic and sedimentary rocks. The Witwatersrand Basin is Achaean in age, meaning the sedimentary rocks are of the order of 2.7 to 2.8 billion years old.
Gold mineralization occurs within laterally extensive quartz pebble conglomerate horizons called reefs, which are developed above unconformable surfaces near the basin margin. As a result of faulting and primary controls on mineralization structure, the gold fields are not continuous and are characterized by the presence or dominance of different reef units. The reefs are generally less than two meters in thickness and are widely considered to represent laterally extensive braided fluvial deposits or unconfined flow deposits, which formed along the flanks of alluvial fan systems around the edge of an inland sea. Dykes and sills of diabase or doleritic composition are developed within the Witwatersrand Basin and are associated with several intrusive and extrusive events.
The gold generally occurs in native form, often associated with pyrite and carbon. Pyrite and gold within the reefs display a variety of forms, some obviously indicative of detrital transport within the depositional system and others suggesting crystallization within the reef itself.
The most fundamental controls of gold distribution are the primary sedimentary features such as facies variation and channel directions. Consequently, the modeling of sedimentary features within the reefs and the correlation of payable grades with certain facies is key to in situ reserve estimation as well as effective operational mine planning and grade control.
For a discussion of the geological features present at the Tarkwa, Damang, St. Ives, Agnew and the Cerro Corona Project mines, see the geology discussion contained in the description of each of those mines found below under Gold Fields Mining OperationsGhana OperationsTarkwa Mine, Gold Fields Mining Operations Ghana OperationsDamang Mine, Gold Fields Mining OperationsAustralia OperationsSt. Ives, Gold Fields Mining OperationsAustralia OperationsAgnew, Gold Fields Mining OperationsPeru OperationsCerro Corona Project .
Description of Mining Business
The discussion below provides a general overview of the mining business as it applies to Gold Fields.
Exploration
Exploration activities are focused on the extension of existing orebodies and identification of new orebodies both at existing sites and at undeveloped sites. Once a potential orebody has been discovered, exploration is extended and intensified in order to enable clearer definition of the orebody and the potential portions to be mined. Geological techniques are constantly refined to improve the economic viability of prospecting and mining activities.
Mining
Gold Fields currently mines only gold, with copper and silver as by-products. The mining process can be divided into two principal activities: (1) developing access to the orebody; and (2) extracting the orebody once accessed. These two processes apply to both surface and underground mines.
Underground Mining
Developing Access to the Orebody
For Gold Fields South African underground mines, access to orebodies is provided through vertical, inclined and declined shaft systems. If additional depth is required to fully exploit the reef, and it is economically feasible, then secondary (sub-vertical) or tertiary shafts are sunk from the underground levels. Horizontal
43
development at various intervals of a shaft, known as levels, extends access to the horizon of the reef to be mined. On-reef development then provides specific mining access. South African mine layouts generally follow a linear, crisscross pattern, while Australian mines have more varied layouts and typically use a spiral-shaped decline layout to descend alongside the orebody.
Extracting the Orebody
Once an orebody has been accessed, drilling, blasting, supporting and cleaning activities are carried out on a daily basis. In South African mines, the broken ore is scraped into and down gullies to ore passes, where it is channeled to the crosscut below. The ore is then hauled by rail to shaft ore passes, where it is tipped into loading stations for hoisting to the surface. At the Australian operations, the broken ore is loaded straight from the stope face into trucks, using mechanical loaders, and hauled to the surface via the decline. Mining methods employed at Gold Fields operations include longwall mining, closely spaced dip pillar mining and conventional scattered mining. In Australia, extraction methods are highly mechanized, with mechanized equipment used within the declines and at the stope for drilling, loading and hauling. South African mining methods tend to be more labor-intensive than the Australian operations.
Open Pit Mining
Developing Access to the Orebody
In open pit mining, access to the ore is achieved by stripping the overburden in benches of fixed height to expose the ore below. This is most typically achieved by drilling and blasting an area, loading the broken rock with excavators into dump trucks and hauling the rock and/or soil to dumps.
Extracting the Orebody
Extraction of the orebody in open pit mining involves the same activity as in stripping the overburden. The rock is drilled and blasted, and lines are established demarcating ore from waste material. The ore is loaded into dump trucks and hauled to the crusher or stockpile, while the waste is hauled to waste rock dumps.
Rock Dump and Production Stockpile Mining
Gold Fields mines surface rock dumps and production stockpiles using mechanized earth moving equipment.
Mine Planning and Management
Operational and planning management on the mines receives support from corporate management and centralized support functions. The current philosophy is one of top-down/bottom-up management, with the non-financial operational objectives at each mine defined by the personnel at the mine based on parameters, objectives and guidelines provided by Gold Fields head office. This is based on the premise that the people on the ground have the best understanding of what is realistically achievable.
Gold Fields has a seamless mine planning process. Each operation compiles a detailed one-year operational plan that rolls into a life of mine, or LoM, plan prior to the commencement of each fiscal year. The plans are based on financial parameters issued to the operation by Gold Fields Executive Committee. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesExecutive Committee. The operational plan is presented to Gold Fields Executive Committee, which takes it to the Board for approval before the commencement of each fiscal year. The planning process is sequential and is based upon geological models, evaluation models, mine design, depletion schedules and, ultimately, financial analysis. Capital planning is formalized pursuant to Gold Fields capital spending planning process. Projects are categorized in terms of total expenditure, and all projects involving amounts exceeding Rand 100 million (South Africa), A$15 million (Australia) and U.S.$15 million (Ghana/Peru) are submitted to the Gold Fields Board for approval. Material changes to the plans have to be referred back to the Executive Committee and the Board.
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The South African operations have implemented an integrated electronic reserve and resource information system, called IRRIS, to enhance LoM planning capabilities. This system provides a common planning platform to facilitate quicker, more flexible and more accurate short- and long-term planning and more timely identification of production shortfalls. Short-term planning on the operations is conducted monthly and aligned with the operational plan. Financial and economic parameters for the LoM and the operational plan are issued to the operations from the Executive Committee and relevant survey and evaluation factors are determined in accordance with Gold Fields guidelines. Significant changes in the LoM plans may occur from year to year as a result of mining experience, new ore discoveries, changes in the ore reserve estimates, changes in mining methods and rates, process changes, investment in new equipment and technology, input costs and gold prices.
Processing
Gold Fields currently has 16 gold processing facilities (8 in South Africa, 4 in Ghana, 3 in Australia and 1 in Peru) which treat ore to extract gold and, in the case of Cerro Corona, copper. A typical processing plant circuit includes two phases: comminution and treatment.
Comminution
Comminution is the process of breaking up the ore to expose and liberate the gold and make it available for treatment. Conventionally, this process occurs in multi-stage crushing and milling circuits, which include the use of jaw and gyratory crushers and rod, tube, ball and semi-autogenous grinding, or SAG, mills. Most of Gold Fields milling circuits utilize SAG milling where the ore itself and steel balls are used as the primary grinding media. Through the comminution process, ore is ground to a minimum size before proceeding to the treatment phase.
Treatment
In most of Gold Fields metallurgical plants, gold is extracted into a leach solution by leaching with cyanide in agitated tanks. Gold is then extracted onto activated carbon from the solution using either the CIL or CIP process. The activated carbon is then eluted with gold recovered by electrowinning.
Gold Fields has three heap leach operations. In the heap leach process, crushed ore is stacked on impervious leach pads and a cyanide leaching solution is sprayed on the pile. The solution percolates through the heap and dissolves liberated gold. A system of underdrains removes the gold-containing solution, which is then passed through columns containing activated carbon. The loaded carbon is then eluted and the gold recovered by electrowinning.
As a final recovery step, gold recovered from the carbon using the above processes is smelted to produce rough gold bars. These bars are then transported to the refinery which is responsible for refining the bars to good delivery status.
At Cerro Corona, gold/copper concentrate is produced using a standard flotation process. The concentrate is then shipped to a smelter for further processing.
Productivity and Cost Initiatives
Towards the end of fiscal 2008, the Gold Fields South African operations reviewed a number of their productivity and cost projects in order to ensure that focus was only on those projects with substantial value beyond the next two to five years. The result of the review was the identification of a suite of projects called Project M, as noted below:
Project 1MOne meter extra face advance is a productivity initiative primarily aimed at reversing the 8% reduction in face advance and thereafter increasing face advance by an extra meter per month by the end of fiscal 2010, through the application of basic and best mining practices.
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Project 2MMechanization of flat-end development, which is development on the horizontal plane, is a technology sub-group initiative aimed at mechanizing all flat-end development at the long-life shafts by fiscal 2010 in order to improve safety and increase reserve flexibility.
Project 3M is a suite of projects focused on reducing energy and utilities consumption, work place absenteeism and surface costs. Project 3M comprises:
The Energy and Utilities Project which focuses on reducing, by ten per cent by fiscal 2010, the consumption of power, compressed air and water. It also aims to reduce diesel consumption by 20 per cent within a one-year period. This project is driven primarily at reducing the safety risk to employees of interruptible power supply, maintaining the integrity of equipment and machinery in the face of power supply risks and minimizing the erosion of operating margins due to higher power tariffs and oil prices.
Some of the key initiatives include on-line monitoring of power consumption, main fan vane controls, energy efficient lighting, energy efficient machinery and equipment and reducing air and water wastage through stope shut-off valves. In the case of diesel, although a comprehensive consumption review is underway, stricter controls have already been enforced, supported by the continued replacement of diesel with battery locomotives and outsourcing and upgrade of the old surface vehicle fleet.
The Unavailable Project focuses on reducing work place absenteeism by four per cent by fiscal 2010 in order to minimize the impact of lost shifts on production. Some of the key initiatives under this project include reducing unnecessary time spent by employees in training, work orientation and recruitment and health care assessment processes by creating a one-stop engagement and health assessment center, particularly for Driefontein and Kloof. Stricter controls have been implemented to manage sick leave and its abuse, while maintaining focus on continual improvement of wellness programs and employee and union relations.
The Above-ground Project focuses on reducing surface costs by at least R100 million per annum. Various initiatives are in place including review of surface labor, improving workshop performance, implementing salvage and reclamation programs, enhancing procurement processes, and efficient management and utilization of inventories through a vigorous application of standards and norms.
Uranium ProjectThis project is focused on exploring the economic potential of processing the Gold Fields South African tailings dams and current horizons at Driefontein for the recovery of uranium and the related by-products. This project is being managed in two phases, namely, the Driefontein opportunity (the current horizons) and the historical tailings opportunity. A pre-feasibility study was completed on the Driefontein tailings at the end of 2007. A feasibility study on the Driefontein tailings and a pre-feasibility study on the historical tailings has been initiated at an anticipated cost of R160 million. It is expected that the feasibility study on the Driefontein tailings will be completed by the end of February 2009. The pre-feasibility study on the historical tailings is expected to be completed at the end of April 2009. The drilling of the historical tailings facilities on the West Wits has been accelerated in order to generate bulk sampling material for metallurgical testing. A financial model has been developed to evaluate the different treatment options and to determine the most suitable business model for this project. Partners will be brought in where required.
Refining and Marketing
South Africa
Gold Fields has appointed Rand Refinery Limited, or Rand Refinery, to refine all of Gold Fields South African produced gold. Rand Refinery is a non-listed public company in which Gold Fields holds a 34.9% interest, with the remaining interests held by other South African gold producers.
Since October 1, 2004, Gold Fields treasury department arranges the sale of all the gold production from the South African operations. Rand Refinery advises Gold Fields on a daily basis of the amount of gold available
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for sale. Gold Fields sells the gold at a price benchmarked against the London afternoon fixing price. Two business days after the sale of gold, Gold Fields deposits an amount in U.S. dollars equal to the value of the gold at the London afternoon fixing price into Rand Refinerys nominated U.S. dollar account. Rand Refinery deducts refining charges payable by Gold Fields relating to such amount of gold and deposits the balance of the proceeds into the nominated U.S. dollar account of Gold Fields.
Ghana
All gold produced by Gold Fields at the Tarkwa and Damang mines in Ghana is refined by Rand Refinery pursuant to two non-exclusive evergreen agreements entered into in October 2004 between Rand Refinery and Gold Fields Ghana Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana, and between Rand Refinery and Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso. Under these agreements, Rand Refinery collects, refines and sells gold as instructed by Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso. Rand Refinery assumes responsibility for the gold upon collection at either the Tarkwa or Damang mine. The gold is then transported to the Rand Refinery premises in Johannesburg, South Africa, where it is refined. Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso reimburse Rand Refinery for transportation costs. Under these agreements, Rand Refinery sells the refined gold on behalf of Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso at the London afternoon fixing price for gold on the date of delivery. Rand Refinery receives refining fees for gold received, and a realization fee for gold refined. Each of these agreements continues until either party terminates it upon 90 days written notice.
Australia
In Australia, all gold produced by St. Ives and Agnew is refined by AGR Matthey, which is a partnership between WA Mint, Australian Gold Alliance and Johnson Matthey (Australia), under an evergreen agreement which became effective on September 1, 2002. The agreement is between St. Ives Gold Mining Company Pty Ltd, Agnew Gold Mining Company Pty Ltd and AGR Matthey. AGR Matthey applies competitive charges for the collection, transport and refining services. The collection and transportation fees are calculated by the weight of the unrefined gold and a nominal fixed fee component. The refining fees are calculated per ounce of refined gold produced which includes small refining losses of both gold and silver. AGR Matthey takes responsibility for the unrefined gold at collection from St. Ives and Agnew where they engage a sub-contractor, Brinks Australia. Brinks delivers the unrefined gold to AGR Matthey in Perth, Australia where it is refined and the refined ounces of gold are credited to the relevant metal accounts held by St. Ives and Agnew with AGR Matthey. St. Ives and Agnew then inform Gold Fields treasury in the corporate office in Johannesburg of the amount of fine gold available for sale in Perth, Australia. After such confirmation, Gold Fields treasury either sells the gold directly to AGR Matthey, at the London afternoon fixing price, or swaps it into London for a competitive fee per ounce, meaning AGR Matthey provides that volume of fine gold in London for sale by Gold Fields. In the case of a location swap, AGR Matthey is instructed to credit St. Ives or Agnews metal account held with Deutsche Bank, London. Once the gold is sold to a third party, Deutsche Bank in London is instructed by Gold Fields to deliver the gold to the relevant counterparty bank. The agreement with AGR Matthey continues indefinitely until terminated by either party upon 90 days written notice.
Peru
La Cima has three contracts for the sale of the entire output of concentrate from the Cerro Corona mine, one with a Japanese refiner, one with a South Korean refiner and one with a German refiner. Two of the contracts expire on December 31, 2015, while the third contract expires on December 31, 2014. Under these contracts, La Cima is to sell approximately one-third of the concentrate to each company and to use reasonable efforts to spread the deliveries evenly throughout the year. Risk passes when the concentrate is loaded in the port of Salaverry, Peru or an alternative port chosen by La Cima. Pricing for copper and gold under each of the contracts is based on average LME copper prices and London Bullion Market Association gold prices, respectively.
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Gold Fields supports and participates in the gold marketing activities of the World Gold Council, or WGC, and contributes $1.75 per ounce of the gold it produces in South Africa and Australia and $1.75 per ounce of its attributable production from Tarkwa and Damang to the WGC in support of its activities.
Services
Mining activities require extensive services, located both on the surface and underground at the mines. Services include:
| mining-related services such as engineering, rock mechanics, ventilation and refrigeration, materials handling, operational performance evaluation and capital planning; |
| safety and training; |
| housing and health-related services, including hostel and hospital operations; |
| reserves management, including sampling and estimation, geological services, including mine planning and design, and mine survey; |
| metallurgy; |
| equipment maintenance; and |
| assay services. |
Most of these services are provided directly by Gold Fields, either at the operational level or through the head office, although some are provided by third-party contractors.
Gold Fields Mining Operations
Gold Fields conducts underground mining operations at each site except Tarkwa, Damang and Cerro Corona and conducts some processing of surface rock dump material at Driefontein and Kloof. Tarkwa, Damang and Cerro Corona are open pit mines and Tarkwa and Damang also process material from production stockpiles. St. Ives and Agnew together include underground and open pit operations and also process material from production stockpiles.
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Total Operations
The following chart details the operating and production results for each of fiscal 2006, 2007 and 2008 for all operations owned by Gold Fields during that fiscal year. The results of operations for mines acquired during the relevant period are included as from the date of control, which is March 1, 2006 for Choco 10 and December 1, 2006 for South Deep. The results of operations for mines sold during the relevant period are included through the date of execution of the sale agreement, which was November 30, 2007 for Choco 10.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006(1) | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
49,366 | 52,166 | 50,376 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
2.7 | 2.6 | 2.4 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz)(2) |
4,348 | 4,285 | 3,915 | |||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||
Revenues |
2,282.0 | 2,735.2 | 3,206.2 | |||
Total production costs(3) |
1,825.8 | 2,052.5 | 2,387.9 | |||
Total cash costs(4) |
1,469.3 | 1,692.5 | 1,975.2 | |||
Cash profit(5) |
812.7 | 1,042.7 | 1,231.0 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
419 | 482 | 610 | |||
Total cash costs |
338 | 394 | 505 | |||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(6) |
441 | 596 | 822 |
Notes:
(1) | Amounts for fiscal 2006 have been adjusted due to the change in accounting principle in fiscal 2007 regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized. |
(2) | In fiscal 2006, 4.074 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, in fiscal 2007, 4.024 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields and in fiscal 2008, 3.670 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana and Venezuela operation during fiscal 2006 and 2008 and attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana, Venezuela and South Deep operations in fiscal 2007. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(4) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(5) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(6) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
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Underground Operations
The following chart details the operating and production results for Gold Fields underground operations for fiscal 2006, 2007 and 2008. The underground operations include all of the mines in the South African operations and the underground portions of the mines in the Australian operations. The results of operations for mines acquired during the relevant period are included as from the date of control, which is December 1, 2006 for South Deep.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006(1) | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
12,831 | 13,386 | 12,017 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
7.1 | 6.7 | 6.7 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz)(2) |
2,915 | 2,884 | 2,585 | |||
Results of operations ($million) |
||||||
Revenues |
1,526.1 | 1,840.2 | 2,100.5 | |||
Total production costs(3) |
1,264.0 | 1,346.4 | 1,535.0 | |||
Total cash costs(4) |
996.4 | 1,086.5 | 1,244.7 | |||
Cash profit(5) |
529.7 | 753.7 | 855.8 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
433 | 474 | 594 | |||
Total cash costs |
342 | 377 | 481 |
Notes:
(1) | Amounts for fiscal 2006 have been adjusted due to the change in accounting principle in fiscal 2007 regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized. |
(2) | In fiscal 2006, all 2.915 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, in fiscal 2007, 2.882 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in South Deep, and in fiscal 2008, all 2.585 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(4) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(5) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
Tons milled from the underground operations decreased from 13.4 million tons in fiscal 2007 to 12.0 million tons in fiscal 2008. At the South African operations, the decrease was mainly due to the power disruptions experienced in the second half of fiscal 2008. The amount of gold produced from underground operations decreased from 2.884 million ounces in fiscal 2007 to 2,585 million ounces in fiscal 2008. This decrease was due to the lower mining volumes achieved due to the power disruptions as the average underground yield remained constant at 6.7 grams per ton in fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2008.
Surface Operations
The following chart details the operating and production results for Gold Fields surface operations for fiscal 2006, 2007 and 2008. Surface operations include all of the mines in the Ghana, Venezuela and Peru operations, the open pit portions of the mines in the Australian operations and the surface rock dump material at
50
the mines in the South African operation. The results of operations for mines acquired during the relevant period are included as from the date of control, which is March 1, 2006 for Choco 10 and December 1, 2006 for South Deep. The results of operations for Choco 10 are included only through the date of the sale, which was November 30, 2007.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
36,535 | 38,780 | 38,359 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
1,433 | 1,401 | 1,330 | |||
Results of operations ($million) |
||||||
Revenues |
755.9 | 895.0 | 1,105.7 | |||
Total production costs(2) |
561.8 | 706.1 | 852.9 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
472.9 | 606.1 | 730.5 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
283.0 | 289.0 | 375.2 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
292 | 504 | 642 | |||
Total cash costs |
330 | 432 | 550 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2006, 1.159 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, in fiscal 2007, 1.142 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields and in fiscal 2008, 1.085 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to both the Ghana and Venezuela operations in fiscal 2006 and 2008 and attributable to minority shareholders in Ghana, Venezuela and South Deep in fiscal 2007. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
Tons milled and treated from the surface operations decreased from 38.8 million tons in fiscal 2007 to 38.4 million tons in fiscal 2008, primarily because of mining more high grade hard rock from the main pit cutback at Damang and fewer tons from Choco 10 sold during the year.
Driefontein Operation
Introduction
The Driefontein gold mine is located in the Northwest Province of South Africa in the Far West Rand mining district, some 70 kilometers southwest of Johannesburg. Driefontein operates under a mining authorization with a total area of approximately 8,600 hectares. It is an underground mine with nominal surface reserves represented by rock dumps that have been accumulated through the operating history of the mine. Driefontein has multiple operating shaft systems and three metallurgical plants and operates at depths of between 700 meters and 3,420 meters below surface. The Driefontein operation has access to the national electricity grid and water, road and rail infrastructure and is located near regional urban centers where it can routinely obtain needed supplies. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, it produced 0.928 million ounces of gold. As of June 30, 2008, Driefontein had approximately 18,200 employees, including approximately 1,300 employed by outside contractors.
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History
Driefontein was formed from the consolidation in 1981 of the East Driefontein and West Driefontein mines. Gold mining began at Driefontein in 1952.
Geology
Driefontein is located in the West Wits Line that forms part of the Far West Rand of the Witwatersrand Basin. The operation is divided into an Eastern Section and a Western Section, separated by a bank anticline and associated faulting. Gold mineralization at Driefontein is contained within three reef horizons. The Carbon Leader Reef, or Carbon Leader, the Ventersdorp Contact Reef, or VCR, and the Middelvlei Reef, or MVR, occur at depths of between 500 meters and 4,000 meters. Stratigraphically, the Carbon Leader is situated 40 to 70 meters below the VCR and MVR and is a generally high-grade reef comprising different facies and dips to the south at approximately 25 degrees. The Carbon Leader subcrops against the VCR in the eastern part of the mine. The west-dipping Bank Fault defines the eastern limit of both reefs. The VCR is most extensively developed in the east, and subcrops to the west. The MVR is a secondary reef, situated approximately 50 meters above the Carbon Leader, and, at present, it is a minor contributor to reserves and production. The average gold grades vary with lithofacies changes in all of the reefs.
Mining
In the northern, older portions of Driefontein, which include Shaft Nos. 2, 6, 7 (the ore from which is currently hoisted via Shaft No. 8) and 8, production is focused on remnant pillar extraction and accessing and mining of secondary reef horizons. In the southern, newer portions of the mine, which include Shaft Nos. 1 and 4, the focus is on scattered or longwall mining. The shafts at the deepest levels of the mine, consisting of Shaft No. 1 Tertiary and Shaft No. 5 Sub-Vertical, employ the closely spaced dip pillar mining method. This method provides additional mining flexibility. During fiscal 2008, the mine experienced increased seismicity, impacting on the footwall development at Shaft No. 1 and Shaft No. 5. The damage to development infrastructure was exacerbated by a backlog in secondary support in these shafts. This caused significant delays in the development for the fiscal year. A comprehensive strategy is in place to increase the support density in off-reef development, including re-deployment of development crews to install secondary support and the recruitment of a approximately 700 additional personnel to establish additional secondary support crews. Gold Fields believes this will limit the deterioration of footwall infrastructure due to seismicity.
A seismic event on April 28, 2008 at Shaft No. 10, which resulted in four people losing their lives, led to the suspension of mining operations at the shaft, as well as a comprehensive pillar mining review across the mine which resulted in the permanent stoppage of mining of the higher risk pillars. Activity at Shaft No. 10 is now limited to clean-up, reclamation and salvaging. In fiscal 2008, Driefontein suspended the Shaft No. 9 deepening project, due to power constraints.
Detailed below are the operating and production results at Driefontein for the past three fiscal years.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006(1) | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
6,867 | 6,652 | 5,981 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
5.2 | 4.8 | 4.8 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
1,150 | 1,017 | 928 | |||
Results of operations ($million) |
||||||
Revenues |
599.9 | 648.2 | 756.8 | |||
Total production costs(2) |
451.5 | 425.9 | 477.6 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
362.4 | 355.0 | 384.5 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
237.5 | 293.2 | 372.3 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
393 | 419 | 515 | |||
Total cash costs |
315 | 349 | 414 | |||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
403 | 481 | 584 |
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Notes:
(1) | Amounts for fiscal 2006 have been adjusted due to the change in accounting principle in fiscal 2007 regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
The decrease in tonnage from fiscal 2007 to 2008 was primarily due to power constraints. Gold production also decreased primarily due to power constraints.
The closure of the lower grade Shaft No. 7, as well as the suspension of mining at the lower grade lowest portion of Shaft No. 6 as a result of reductions in power supply resulted in an improved underground yield, and there was also an improved surface yield. However, greater reliance on surface tonnage was insufficient to offset the underground production losses caused by the disruption to power supply and this increased production from lower grade surface resources resulted in the average grade remaining constant year on year. Gold Fields experienced an increase in total cash costs and total production costs per ounce of gold from fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2008 at Driefontein, mainly due to the reduced gold production, and an increase in the cost of labor and commodities.
In order to improve operational excellence, Driefontein focused in fiscal 2008 on the implementation of various new technologies and initiatives. These initiatives are aimed at improving mining efficiencies and streamlining the mining process. They include the introduction of development drill rigs, Hilti drills and a boxhole borer at Shaft No. 5. In addition, Driefontein is introducing modern battery operated locomotives at Shaft Nos 1, 4 and 5 to reduce the reliance on diesel locomotives at those shafts.
The Driefontein operation is engaged in both underground and rock dump mining, and is thus subject to all of the underground and rock dump mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. The primary safety challenges facing the Driefontein underground operation include falls of ground, seismicity, flammable gas, water intrusion and rock temperatures. Water intrusion is dealt with through drilling, cementation sealing techniques and an extensive water-pumping network. Also, because rock temperatures tend to increase with depth, Driefontein requires an extensive cooling infrastructure. In fiscal 2008, Driefontein experienced one fall of ground that resulted in three workers losing their lives. Driefontein has instituted a number of initiatives to reduce the risks posed by seismicity, including a detailed analysis of previous seismic events, preconditioning and backfilling, the use of hydraulic props, monitoring seismic risk parameters to allow quicker reactions to changes and centralized blasting. Also, Gold Fields has contracted Dupont International to conduct a safety audit of all its mining operations including Driefontein.
On January 24, 2008, Gold Fields suspended all mining activity at its South African operations, due to Eskom requesting their Key Industrial Consumers, of which Gold Fields is one, to reduce consumption to the minimum possible load. On January 28, 2008, the power supply was restored to 71% of total average consumption allowing Gold Fields to begin ramping up production at its South African operations. 50% of Gold Fields normal electrical consumption is required simply to pump, ventilate and refrigerate its operations. Therefore, the amount available on January 28, 2008, was sufficient for essential maintenance, pumping, ventilation, refrigeration, opening up faces and ensuring working areas were safe to operate, but not for production or beneficiation purposes. On January 29, 2008, 80% of total average consumption was restored to
53
Gold Fields mines and Eskom authorized mines to increase their power load from 80% to 90% on February 1, 2008. On March 7, 2008, the South African mining industry was allocated an additional 260 MW of power and on Friday, March 14, 2008, Eskom informed Gold Fields of its portion of the additional amount, which Gold Fields has allocated to its Kloof and Driefontein mines. These allocations increased the total power available to Gold Fields South African mines to approximately 95% of the historical average consumption profile at Driefontein and Kloof, and 90% at the Beatrix and South Deep mines. See Risk FactorsSome of Gold Fields power suppliers have forced it to halt or curtail activities at its mines, due to severe power disruptions. Power stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition.
The reduction in power supply resulted in a decline in the tonnage milled as well as gold production at Driefontein. The initial reduction in power consumption resulted in the early closure of Shaft No. 7, the temporary closure of Shaft No. 6 and the suspension of sinking operations at Shaft No. 9. The restricted power supply resulted in approximately 1,600 contractor jobs being terminated across the mine as a result of replacing contractors with Gold Fields employees in an effort to minimize job losses.
Production at Shaft No. 6 was initially stopped following the power reductions, and employees at the shaft were relocated to other shaft operations to replace contract labor. At the end of the fiscal year, the process of recruitment of labor for Shaft No. 6 was still ongoing, and production is steadily being increased at the shaft. Certain areas of Shaft No. 7, which are accessible from Shaft No. 8, are also being mined at present. The total mine is currently being operated at approximately 90% of average historical power consumption. Sinking operations at Shaft No. 9 have been suspended indefinitely. Gold Fields plans to continue to perform essential maintenance on the shaft so that the deepening project may be resumed quickly if Gold Fields decides to do so.
In the interim, Driefontein will continue with the drilling program in the area below the lowest area currently being mined, targeting the area expected to be accessed by Shaft No. 9. Two conceptual studies on the mechanization of the mining method at Shaft No. 9 were completed in fiscal 2008. The feasibility study on the mechanization of the project, as well as the appropriate application of new technology, will continue in fiscal 2009. Driefontein continued to process low grade surface material in fiscal 2008, for which the biggest risk is a decrease in grade of the remaining dumps. In order to manage this risk, the grade of the rock dumps is monitored on a daily basis. Grade management is undertaken through the screening of material to separate out the smaller fraction sizes of ore, which tend to be higher grade. This process reduces the tonnage that will be available for processing. The surface operation safety risks include problems with ground stability, moving machinery and dust generation. Driefontein has a risk management system in place that guides the mining of the rock dumps to minimize these risks.
In total during fiscal 2008, there were twelve fatalities at Driefontein and, to date in fiscal 2009, there have been three fatalities. Of the twelve fatalities, eight occurred in seismic events, three in tramming related accidents and one in a truck accident. The serious injury frequency rate for fiscal 2008 was 4.4 serious injuries for every million hours worked, reflecting an improvement as compared to the serious injury frequency rate of 7.1 for fiscal 2007 and 7.4 for fiscal 2006. The fatal injury frequency rate decreased from 0.28 in fiscal 2007 to 0.26 fatalities for every million hours worked in fiscal 2008. In fiscal 2006, the fatal injury frequency rate was 0.33 fatalities for every million hours worked.
Driefontein has received instructions after each recent major mine incident or accident from the Principal Inspector of the Gauteng area of the Department of Minerals and Energy, or DME, to stop some or all of its mining operations. Driefontein complied with these instructions and, following compliance with the DMEs requirements, production resumed after each instruction. The DME conducted several inspections at Driefontein. In October 2007, former President Thabo Mbeki ordered the DME to conduct an occupational health and safety audit at all mines, including Gold Fields mines. The audit of legal compliance has been completed and a report of its finding is expected in the near future. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaHealth and Safety.
54
Gold Fields also conducted an internal audit to measure Driefonteins compliance with the Gold Fields Full Compliance Health and Safety Management System. Although there was significant improvement on the previous audit done in 2006, the conclusion was that the implementation of the system at Driefontein is not satisfactory and further effort will be required. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesSafety. Driefontein maintained its Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series, or OHSAS, 18001 certification through external audits conducted in fiscal 2008.
On December 4, 2007, there was a one-day, industry-wide work stoppage in South Africa that affected the Driefontein operation. On August 6, 2008, there was a national stay away organized by COSATU to protest the energy crisis. For more information about labor relations at Driefontein, see Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor RelationsSouth Africa. Driefonteins productivity improvement strategies continue to be hampered by high levels of worker absenteeism. Although the mine has succeeded in reducing the absenteeism rate, the sick rate, which is one factor of the absenteeism rate, remains an area of concern. Driefontein has embarked on a wellness program as an initiative aimed at improving the health of employees generally. The mine is also experiencing a shortage of skilled labor, with particularly high employee turnover of artisans, occupational health and environment practitioners, surveyors and geologists. Driefontein is exploring a number of options in response to this shortage including restructuring remuneration packages for certain skilled employees.
The total shaft hoisting capacity of Driefontein is detailed below.
Shaft System |
Hoisting capacity | |
(tons/month) | ||
No. 1 |
155,000 | |
No. 2 |
185,000 | |
No. 4 |
180,000 | |
No. 5 |
175,000 | |
No. 6 |
118,000 | |
No. 7(1) |
190,000 | |
No. 8 |
96,000 | |
No. 10 |
121,000 |
Note:
(1) | Shaft No. 7 is currently closed with ore being hoisted via Shaft No. 8. |
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserve estimates at Driefontein and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Driefontein, Driefonteins June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 19.7 million ounces of gold will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2041. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which thus could materially change the life of mine.
55
Processing
The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factors during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, for each of the plants at Driefontein:
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned(1) |
Comminution phase |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(2) | Average milled for the year ended June 30, 2008 |
Approximate recovery factor for the year ended June 30, 2008(3) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
No. 1 Plant |
1972 | SAG milling | CIP treatment and electrowinning |
240,000 | 225,174 | 97.5 | % | ||||||
No. 2 Plant |
1964 | SAG/ball milling | CIP treatment(3) | 200,000 | 178,994 | 96.1 | % | ||||||
No. 3 Plant |
1998 | SAG milling | CIP treatment(3) | 115,000 | 94,289 | 93.0 | % |
Notes:
(1) | No. 1 Plant was substantially upgraded in fiscal 2004, and No. 2 Plant was substantially upgraded in fiscal 2003. No. 3 Plant was originally commissioned as a uranium plant and was upgraded to a gold plant in 1998. Therefore, No. 3 Plant lists the year commissioned as a gold plant. |
(2) | Nameplate capacity. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(3) | After CIP treatment, electrowinning occurs at No. 1 Plant. |
No. 1 Plant was upgraded in fiscal 2004 with the installation of a new comminution circuit and the installation of a CIP treatment facility. The optimization program at the plant was completed in fiscal 2007 so that targeted plan throughput can be achieved.
In fiscal 2008, the Driefontein plants collectively extracted approximately 97.1% of the gold contained in ore delivered for processing.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $140 million on capital expenditures at the Driefontein operation in fiscal 2008, primarily on ore reserve development, the shaft pillar extraction at Shaft No. 4, the Shaft No. 9 deepening project, a battery locomotive project at the newer shafts, rail track upgrade and the ongoing process of complying with the International Cyanide Management Code. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately $127 million of capital expenditures at Driefontein for fiscal 2009, principally for ore reserve development, shaft pillar extraction at Shaft No. 4, upgrading and building of accommodation units, continued implementation of new technology such as development drill rigs and a box hole borer and the introduction of battery locomotives.
Kloof Operation
Introduction
Kloof is situated approximately 60 kilometers west of Johannesburg, near the towns of Carletonville and Westonaria in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The Kloof mine operates under a mining lease covering a total area of approximately 20,100 hectares. It is principally an underground operation, with surface rock dump material being processed at both Kloof and South Deep plants. Kloof currently has five operating shaft systems serviced by two metallurgical plants. Kloof is an intermediate and deep-level mine, with operating depths between 1,300 meters and 3,500 meters below surface. The Kloof operation has access to the national electricity
56
grid and water, road and rail infrastructure and is located near regional urban centers where it can routinely obtain needed supplies. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, it produced 0.821 million ounces of gold. As of June 30, 2008, Kloof had approximately 16,900 employees, including approximately 1,400 who were employed by outside contractors.
History
Kloofs present scope of operations is the result of the consolidation of the Kloof, Libanon, Leeudoorn and Venterspost mines. Gold mining began in the area now covered by these operations in 1934.
Geology
The majority of production at Kloof is from the VCR, which occurs at depths between 1,300 meters and 3,350 meters below surface. The VCR is a tabular orebody that has a general northeast-southwest strike and dips to the southeast at between 20 and 45 degrees. The MVR is classified as Kloofs secondary reef and minor production volumes are also delivered from the Kloof Reef, or KR, and Libanon Reef, or LR.
Kloof lies between the Bank Fault to the west, and the north trending West Rand Fault to the east. The latter truncates the VCR along the eastern boundary of the mine, with a 1 to 1.5 kilometer up throw to the east. Normal faults are developed sub-parallel to the westerly dipping West Rand Fault, with sympathetic north-northeast trending dykes that show little to no apparent offset of the stratigraphy. A conjugate set of faults and dykes occurs on a west-southwest trend, with throws of 1 to 15 meters. Structures that offset the VCR increase in frequency toward the southern portion of the mine as the Bank Fault is approached.
Mining
The current preferred mining method at Kloof is closely spaced dip pillar mining, with limited application of longwalling and remnant pillar mining in the mature areas. Shaft Nos. 1, 3, 4 and 7 provide the main centers of current production at Kloof, although Shaft No. 1 is scheduled to be closed for the first six months of fiscal 2009 for maintenance.
In fiscal 2008, Kloof faced challenges in meeting several of its planned production targets. Planned production was severely affected by the Eskom power crisis in the third quarter, with all mining activities during that quarter adversely affected by Eskoms power rationing. Production was also adversely affected by a slow return to standard production levels following the Christmas break, a number of safety related shaft and full mine production stoppages during the year and an illegal stay-away by some miners at Kloof for two months beginning on June 11, 2008. The grade of ore was lower than anticipated in the third and fourth quarters due to an unforeseen amount of lower grade slope reef, which was thinner than the surrounding areas. This compromised the mining flow as crews continually had to be moved to more economical areas. Although grade variability of the primary VCR reef was high, total underground average yield was 2% higher than in fiscal 2007.
The planned extraction of the high-grade Shaft No. 1, or Main Shaft, pillar has been deferred until 2014 after an external audit review by GroundWorks Consulting revealed that the geotechnical information concerning the Main Shaft pillar area is insufficient to guide the pillar extraction and associated activities required to assist in the safe and profitable extraction of this pillar. Collection of detailed geotechnical information is also required to allow future modeling of the pillar. Gold Fields believes the risks associated with the extraction without this information are too high. However, a substantial portion of the support infrastructure necessary to begin mining the pillar is already in place. At Shaft No. 4, mining plans are on track to establish multiple access points to the reef, to continue de-bottlenecking plans with improved infrastructure layouts and to generally improve environmental conditions with the commissioning of an additional refrigeration plant which is in the final phase of completion. Shaft No. 7 has all major infrastructure in place and working conditions are conducive to
57
production delivery. Shaft No. 8 has reduced remnant mining on the VCR horizon due to the presence of complex geological structures which have to be negotiated and which result in reef elimination and gold losses. In line with the overall Gold Fields productivity initiatives, Kloof continues to focus on optimizing mine design and configuration, while ensuring that the high-productivity drivers of workforce motivation and competence are addressed through training and incentive schemes.
In the second quarter, there were a number of stoppages as a result of instructions given by the DME. As a result of a fatal accident at Shaft No. 8, all pillar mining was stopped for a period of five days while the pillars were fully reviewed. In addition there was a four day, mine-wide stoppage for a safety review. The mine experienced a fire at the sub-vertical portion of Shaft No. 2 which lasted for 16 days and caused a loss of production during that time. As of the date of this annual report, approximately 50% of the pillars scheduled to be mined at Shaft No. 8 are not being mined due to safety concerns. In the fourth quarter, further safety related production stoppages ordered by the DME and an illegal miners stay-away adversely affected production.
Short term grade management is well entrenched and together with the newly launched Mine Call Factor and Quality management program it is envisaged that the full potential of the mining grade can be realized. The objectives of the quality management program are to ensure that the mine reduces the loss of grade between the mine and the plant, to optimize the size of rock fragments delivered to the plant and to ensure that effective cleaning methods of ore accumulations are employed. The resource definition drilling for the Kloof Extension area (KEA) was completed in fiscal 2008. The KEA project in its contemplated format has been terminated due to new interpretation of the grade of the geological facies. A modified KEA project has been initiated and a pre-feasibility study is underway. In addition, Kloof is engaged in further optimization studies in the eastern part of the mine and a number of scenarios are being considered, utilizing current or new infrastructure, to exploit the higher grade reef.
Detailed below are the operating and production results at Kloof for the past three fiscal years.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006(1) | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
3,666 | 3,829 | 3,953 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
7.8 | 7.5 | 6.5 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
914 | 923 | 821 | |||
Results of operations ($million) |
||||||
Revenues |
479.3 | 587.0 | 660.9 | |||
Total production costs(2) |
426.8 | 423.1 | 445.6 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
341.7 | 338.6 | 354.6 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
137.6 | 248.4 | 306.3 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
467 | 458 | 543 | |||
Total cash costs |
374 | 367 | 432 | |||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
473 | 501 | 602 |
Notes:
(1) | Amounts for fiscal 2006 have been adjusted due to the change in accounting principle in fiscal 2007 regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
58
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
Gold production for fiscal 2008 decreased by 11% to 0.821 million ounces from 0.923 million ounces in fiscal 2007, as the mining was affected by business interruptions that resulted in a number of work stoppages. Recovered grade dropped from 7.5 g/t in fiscal 2007 to 6.5 g/t in fiscal 2008, primarily due to a decrease in tonnage and grade from underground sources due to numerous business interruptions, lower grade ore mined at Shaft No. 7 in the third quarter, seismicity, logistical constraints in a portion of Shaft No. 3 and an increase in surface sources milled at a lower grade. Total cash costs per ounce increased in fiscal 2008, due to normal inflationary pressure such as increases in wages and the cost of steel and power together with a decrease in gold sales. Operating margins were positively impacted due to the higher average gold price received during the year.
The Kloof operation is engaged in underground and rock dump mining, and is thus subject to all of the underground and rock dump risks discussed in Risk Factors. A significant challenge facing the Kloof operation is seismicity, and a lesser risk is flammable gas. Gold Fields seeks to reduce the impact of seismicity at Kloof by using the closely spaced dip pillar mining method. Early detection and increased ventilation of the shafts are being used to minimize the risk of incidents caused by flammable gas. Also, as with Driefontein, Kloof requires extensive cooling infrastructure to maintain comfortable conditions for workers due to the extreme depth of its operations.
As discussed in regards to Driefontein, the Kloof operations experienced a total suspension of production during the third quarter of fiscal 2008 due to power constraints. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsDriefontein OperationMining. Some of Gold Fields power suppliers have forced it to halt or curtail activities at its mines, due to severe power disruptions. Power stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition. Gold Fields currently plans to operate Kloof at 90% of its historical average consumption. Production at Shaft Nos. 1, 2, 4 and 7 has not been affected by the power restrictions. Following the suspension of operations, Gold Fields re-examined its mine plan and scaled back production plans at Shaft Nos. 3 and 8 at Kloof. Shaft No. 3 will mine the eastern area together with a maximum of 2 levels of mining at any one time. Shaft No. 8 is building back up to normal production levels.
Fifteen workers lost their lives at Kloof in fiscal 2008, in 11 separate incidents, including 6 incidents related to fall of grounds, 2 to tramming, 1 to conveyance, 1 to explosion and 1 as a result of a mud rush. There were 11 fatalities in fiscal 2007. To date in fiscal 2009, there have been two fatalities at Kloof. The serious injury frequency rate at Kloof in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 6.3, 7.0 and 8.3 injuries per million hours worked, respectively. The fatality frequency rate in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 3.3, 0.23 and 0.37 fatalities per million hours worked, respectively. Additionally, Shaft No. 7 achieved one million fatality-free shifts in November 2007 and Kloof as a whole achieved one million fatality-free shifts in June 2008. Management is committed to reducing serious injuries and fatalities at Kloof through its safety programs, including the Kloof Eyethu team development program, the Sawubona Kusasa initiative and an incident reporting initiative entitled Cabanga Inyoka. To date, 72% of all employees have been through the Sawubona Kusasa Training and positive feedback has been received from follow-up audits on all shafts. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesSafety. Kloof maintained its OHSAS 18001 certification through external audits conducted in fiscal 2008. In October 2007, former President Thabo Mbeki ordered the DME to conduct an occupational health and safety audit at all mines, including Gold Fields mines. The audit of legal compliance has been completed and a report of its finding is expected in the near future. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaHealth and Safety.
In fiscal 2008, Kloof experienced two days of production loss due to a wildcat work stoppage on November 1, 2007. On December 4, 2007, there was a one day industry-wide work stoppage in South Africa that affected the Kloof operation. In the third quarter, a slow start-up after the traditional Christmas break caused
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partially by absenteeism and a miners strike affected production. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, the dismissal of 217 striking miners resulted in a further 2 months of lower production, lasting into fiscal 2009. On August 6, 2008, there was a national stay away organized by COSATU to protest the energy crisis. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesLabor RelationsSouth Africa.
The total shaft hoisting capacity of Kloof is detailed below.
Shaft System |
Hoisting capacity | |
(tons/month) | ||
No. 1 |
300,000 | |
No. 3(1) |
150,000 | |
No. 4(2) |
110,000 | |
No. 7 |
205,000 | |
No. 8 |
75,000 |
Notes:
(1) | This shaft does not hoist material to the surface. It has a capacity of 150,000 tons per month for sub-surface hoisting. |
(2) | This shaft hoists only waste rock to the surface. It has a capacity of 110,000 tons per month for sub-surface hoisting. |
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserve estimates at Kloof and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Kloof, Kloofs June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 10.7 million ounces of gold will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2023. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
Processing
The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factor during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, for each of the plants at Kloof:
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution phase |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for the year ended June 30, 2008 |
Approximate recovery factor for the year ended June 30, 2008(2) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
No. 1 Plant |
1968 | Traditional crushing and milling |
CIP treatment(3) | 180,000 | 153,930 | 98 | % | ||||||
No. 2 Plant |
1990 | SAG milling | CIP treatment and electrowinning |
150,000 | 147,280 | 98 | % |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
(3) | After CIP treatment, electrowinning occurs at No. 2 Plant. |
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In fiscal 2008, the Kloof plants collectively extracted approximately 98% of gold contained in ore delivered for processing. An outside contractor, Jet Demolition, has completed the demolition phase of No. 3 Plant. The gold rehabilitation phase was completed in fiscal 2007 and the environmental rehabilitation phase is scheduled to commence in fiscal 2009.
Capital Expenditures
Gold Fields spent approximately $124 million on capital expenditures at the Kloof operation in fiscal 2008, primarily on development at Shaft No. 4, the Shaft No. 1 pillar extraction, track upgrades, a social labor plan, which includes things like new housing and upgrades on current accommodations, and ore reserve development. Gold Fields expects to spend approximately $152 million on capital expenditures in fiscal 2009, primarily on development at Shaft No. 4, the social labor plan, emergency power generators, compliance with the International Cyanide Management Code, Shaft No. 1 steelwork and ore reserve development.
Beatrix Operation
Introduction
The Beatrix operation is located in the Free State Province of South Africa, some 240 kilometers southwest of Johannesburg, near Welkom and Virginia, and comprises the Beatrix mine. The Beatrix operation was formerly known as the Free State operation.
Beatrix operates under a mining license with a total area of approximately 16,800 hectares. It is an underground only operation. Beatrix has four shaft systems, with two ventilation shafts to provide additional up-cast and downcast ventilation capacity, which are serviced by two metallurgical plants. It is a shallow to intermediate depth mining operation, at depths between 700 meters and 2,200 meters below surface. The Beatrix mine has access to the national electricity grid and water, road and rail infrastructure and is located near regional urban centers where it can routinely obtain needed supplies. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, Beatrix produced 0.438 million ounces of gold. As of June 30, 2008, Beatrix had approximately 13,000 employees, including approximately 1,350 employed by outside contractors.
History
Beatrixs present scope of operations is the result of the consolidation with effect from July 1, 1999 of two adjacent mines: Beatrix and Oryx. Gold mining commenced at Beatrix in 1985 and at Oryx in 1991.
Geology
The Beatrix mine exploits the Beatrix Reef, or BXR, at Shaft Nos. 1, 2 and 3, and the Kalkoenkrans Reef, or KKR, at Shaft No. 4 (the former Oryx mine). The reefs are developed on the Aandenk erosional surface and dip to the north and north-east at between four degrees and nine degrees.
In general, the BXR occurs at depths of between 570 meters and 1,380 meters and the KKR occurs at depths of between 1,800 meters and 2,200 meters. Both the BXR and KKR reefs are markedly channelized and consist of multi-cycle, upward fining conglomerate beds with sharp erosive basal contacts. A general east-west trending pay-zone, some 500 to 800 meters wide, has been identified east of Shaft No. 4 and is known as the main channel Zone 2. In addition, surface exploratory drilling, including two surface boreholes completed in fiscal 2007, and underground development has confirmed the reserves to the south of Beatrixs Shaft No. 4 main channel in Zone 5, which now represents the majority of the reserves at the operation. Ongoing development and underground exploration drilling has continued over the past fiscal year so that all facies and structures have been updated and layouts and planning adapted. All new information is used as part of customary mine planning practices.
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Mining
Beatrix is managed as three operational sections: the North Section (comprising Shaft No. 3 and the lower levels of Shaft No. 1), the South Section (comprising Shaft No. 2 and the upper levels of Shaft No. 1) and the West Section (comprising Shaft No. 4).
Mining at Beatrix is based upon the scattered mining method. Shaft Nos. 1, 2 and 4 are the primary sources of production at present, but over time Gold Fields expects mining concentration to shift to Shaft No. 3 as well as Shaft No. 4. During fiscal 2008, management continued to focus on increasing development volumes at all shafts to provide future mining flexibility and ore body definition. However, cessation of activities on some levels and an interruption in exploration drilling due to the January 2008 power crisis, as well as delays associated with water intersections, resulted in a 9% decrease in development volumes at Beatrix in fiscal 2008, as compared to fiscal 2007. The emphasis on development volumes is planned to continue in fiscal 2009.
Overall stoping volumes at each mining section decreased by approximately 12% between fiscal 2007 and 2008. Development was lower in fiscal 2008 relative to fiscal 2007 due to power interruptions and a number of delays associated with water intersections and structural drilling. No shafts were closed or opened in fiscal 2008.
At the North Section in fiscal 2008, activity at Shaft No. 3 focused upon continued haulage development and building up stoping production to full production at the shaft. In general, development and stoping volumes were in line with expectations but were lower year on year due to power shortages in January 2008, a declining face advance per blast and overall lower crew efficiencies. The overall mining grade at the North Section remained constant year on year and gold output was affected by the lower mine call factor and volumes at that section. The power source being used at Shaft No. 3 for a variety of activities including drilling is primarily hydropower, as opposed to compressed air, with a majority of the mining equipment being run off a high-pressure water system. The benefits of the system include improved cooling underground, improved machine efficiency, lower noise levels and less electrical power usage.
The South Section maintained volumes in fiscal 2008 at an improved grade. This, coupled with a positive reduction in stope width, contributed to improved economics and earnings at that section.
The performance at Shaft No. 4 regressed in fiscal 2008 primarily as a result of lower stoping volumes associated with delays in logistics close to the stoping horizon. Shaft No. 4 was nominally impacted in fiscal 2008 by geological structure delays, adverse ground conditions and the impact of swelling of clay due to water absorption on access tunnels at the West Section, the effects of which were limited by remedial action. These issues were further compounded by numerous middle and senior management changes due to skills retention difficulties caused by the global mining boom. The KKR, which was historically characterized as being a highly erratic reef structure, is tending to exhibit greater reef consistency in Zone 5.
The overall mine call factor, or MCF, remained a major technical and operational challenge for the first nine months of fiscal 2008. Renewed efforts during the year coupled with training and in-stope behavior changes, such as revised drilling patterns and explosives usage, to reduce the loss of free gold content within the various Beatrix reefs were undertaken. Further, an external review of mining quality conducted early in the year found that blasting was producing rock size that was too small and therefore a change in explosive type and drilling and blasting practices was required. Implementation of these recommendations remains ongoing.
The program initiated to address the above external review recommendations and the clean-up of accumulated broken rock and mud in the mine resulted in a positive change in the MCF trend and metrics during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.
In fiscal 2008, ongoing improvements were made to rail tracks and ventilation conditions, largely through the installation of new bulk air coolers. New, modern locomotives and rolling stock were purchased. These improvements and purchases across the mine are part of a project to increase logistics capacity and support future
62
mining volumes, and they are expected to continue in fiscal 2009. Lower grade and marginal mining activities continued to be curtailed at Beatrix in fiscal 2008, despite the increasing gold price, as the mine plans to maintain operating margins. Where appropriate, localized sections of lower grade material were extracted when determined to be economical at the South and North Sections during fiscal 2008, and this is expected to continue in the future on a nominal basis.
Beatrix requires cooling infrastructure to maintain comfortable conditions for workers at depth. The Beatrix West Section has a refrigeration plant installed on its surface, which provides chilled water to bulk air coolers on surface and mid-shaft to the West Sections primary sub vertical shaft, Shaft No. 4. Presently, this cooling system at Shaft No. 4 extends into Zone 5, where Gold Fields installed two bulk air coolers during fiscal 2007. Additional cooling installations are planned on the lower levels at Shaft No. 4, which will replace the mid-shaft cooling system. These cooling systems are expected to be installed during the third quarter of fiscal 2009.
Based on the higher gold price received and in anticipation of improving gold prices in the longer term, a number of incremental expansion opportunities are being examined at Beatrix. For example, initial development work commenced on the Vlakpan project area, which involves an extension of Beatrix on lower levels with access via the infrastructure of Shaft No. 1 and Shaft No. 3, which will continue in fiscal 2009. Development of this area commenced in fiscal 2008. Additionally, a dip down extension project to access ground below the bottom level of Shaft No. 3 is under way and mining of this area could commence in fiscal 2010.
Detailed below are the operating and production results at Beatrix for the past three fiscal years.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006(1) | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
3,551 | 3,590 | 3,215 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
5.2 | 4.7 | 4.2 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
596 | 543 | 438 | |||
Results of operations ($million) |
||||||
Revenues |
312.9 | 344.9 | 359.7 | |||
Total production costs(2) |
253.3 | 247.5 | 269.4 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
210.8 | 205.6 | 228.0 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
102.1 | 139.3 | 131.7 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
425 | 455 | 615 | |||
Total cash costs |
354 | 378 | 520 | |||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
487 | 552 | 724 |
Notes:
(1) | Amounts for fiscal 2006 have been adjusted due to the change in accounting principle in fiscal 2008 regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
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The decrease in tonnage milled from fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2008 was primarily due to lower overall stoping volumes associated with the power constraints at all shafts and higher levels of work stoppages on both a local and national basis. Gold production was lower in fiscal 2008 and the overall recovered grade in fiscal 2008 decreased due to fluctuating yields received from underground ore, as well as an overall decline in ore mined during the second half of the year as a result of power disruptions.
No surface tonnage was processed during the year as values contained within the remaining dumps remain uneconomical at prevailing gold prices. Beatrix will continue to examine and review these low grade dumps under the dynamics of variable gold prices.
The increase in total cash costs and total production costs per ounce of gold from fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2008 resulted primarily from the reduced gold produced and the increases in labor and electricity costs.
The Beatrix mine is engaged in underground mining, and thus is subject to all of the underground mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. The primary safety risks at Beatrix are falls of ground, tramming accidents, winches, ventilation control and flammable gas explosions. Beatrix does experience seismic events and, while the seismic risk is much lower at Beatrix than it is at Kloof or Driefontein, the operation manages these events with a seismic network consisting of several geophones.
As discussed in regards to Driefontein, the Beatrix operations experienced a total suspension of production during the third quarter of fiscal 2008 due to power constraints. Power has been restored to 90% of the historical average consumption profile and Gold Fields believes that Beatrix can be fully functional at current levels of electricity supply owing to the shallower depth at which Beatrix operates. Beginning in March 2008, power savings initiatives and programs were implemented to conserve energy and improve efficiencies. These programs include intensive control room monitoring and management and reducing refrigeration consumption in the presence of favorable ambient temperatures. The mine continues to implement energy savings projects relating to ventilation, water usage and pumping, conservation of energy principles and overall energy awareness and usage minimization. Current mine planning and project implementation have taken these power constraints into account and are aligned with power availability. See Risk FactorsSome of Gold Fields power suppliers have forced it to halt or curtail activities at its mines, due to severe power disruptions. Power stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition and Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsDriefontein OperationMining.
In April 2008, Beatrix embarked on a focused awareness campaign called Khuseleka (be protected) regarding the predominant risks it faces. This campaign involves a one day team concept training session, covering theoretical and practical issues. Health and safety audits of working places are used to measure behavior when crews return to work. Methane hazard awareness training remains an area of focus and is ongoing. During fiscal 2007, Beatrix was audited against the requirements of OHSAS 18001. It received accreditation in the first quarter of fiscal 2008 and two surveillance audits were carried out during fiscal 2008.
The mine has an ongoing methane management system which includes the declaration by competent ventilation staff of certain locations as hazardous, methane emission rate monitoring, ongoing awareness campaigns as well as the deployment of gas, velocity and fan sensors connected to an electronic telemetry system to act as early warning. These sensors are connected to the mines electronic telemetry system. Furthermore, all critical fans are connected to the telemetry system and, in certain instances, equipped with localized alarms. These safety systems are monitored on a 24-hour basis from a central control room from which action is taken in the event of alarm.
The serious injury frequency rate for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 2.89, 4.02 and 4.37 serious injuries for every million hours worked, respectively. In fiscal 2008, the fatal injury frequency rate remained the same as in fiscal 2007 at 0.13 fatalities for every million hours worked. The fatal injury rate for fiscal 2006 was 0.24 for every million hours worked. Although Beatrix achieved one million fatality-free shifts twice in fiscal 2008, there
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were four fatalities at its operations in fiscal 2008 and four fatalities in fiscal 2007. Beatrix experienced no shaft closures for any length of time in fiscal 2008 due to accidents. To date in fiscal 2009, there has been one fatality at Beatrix. In October 2007, former President Thabo Mbeki ordered the DME to conduct an occupational health and safety audit at all mines, including Gold Fields mines. The audit of legal compliance has been completed and a report of its finding is expected in the near future. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaHealth and Safety.
Production was affected by local and national strikes in fiscal 2008. Shaft No. 4 was closed for two days in November 2007 due to factional fighting associated with union elections. On December 4, 2007, there was a one day, industry-wide work stoppage in South Africa that affected the Beatrix operation. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesLabor RelationsSouth Africa. On July 16, 2008 there was a further one day, regional work stoppage in the Free State province in support of COSATUs (a national labor organization) protest on the electricity crisis in South Africa followed by another one day COSATU national stay away on August 6, 2008 for the same reason. There were two further incidents of industrial action at the Beatrix West Section, on June 5 and 6, 2008 in which employees were kept underground involuntarily for approximately 23 hours by individuals demanding changes in the shift system. A further work stoppage occurred at Shaft No. 4 on July 1 and 2, 2008 when the South African Police Services arrested a number of employees for criminal activities.
The total shaft hoisting capacities of Beatrix are detailed below.
Shaft System |
Hoisting capacity | |
(tons/month) | ||
No. 1 |
170,000 | |
No. 2 |
170,000 | |
No. 3 |
180,000 | |
No. 4 |
180,000 |
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Beatrix and that there are no changes to the current mine plan, Beatrixs June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 6.9 million ounces of gold will be sufficient to maintain production through to approximately fiscal 2020. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
Processing
The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factor during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, for each of the plants at Beatrix:
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for the year ended June 30, 2008 |
Approximate recovery factor for the year ended June 30, 2008(2) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
No. 1 Plant |
1983 | SAG milling | CIP treatment | 260,000 | 218,692 | 96 | % | ||||||
No. 2 Plant |
1992 | SAG milling | CIP treatment | 150,000 | 49,208 | 97 | % |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
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In fiscal 2008, the Beatrix plants collectively extracted approximately 96% of gold contained in ore delivered for processing. In fiscal 2004, Gold Fields installed a Knelson concentrator at the No. 1 Plant which removes gold earlier in the metallurgical process. A gravity concentrating circuit, which was commissioned in November 2006, was installed at No. 2 Plant in order to reduce locked up gold in the mills and to improve the overall recovery. These improvements to capacity are expected to remain effective going forward.
None of the metallurgical plants or facilities were upgraded or temporarily or permanently closed in fiscal 2008, and normal routine maintenance and repairs were carried out as part of regular asset management. No major expansion or upgrades are currently planned.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $79 million on capital expenditures at the Beatrix operation in fiscal 2008, primarily on the refrigeration project at Shaft No. 3, including bulk cooling infrastructure and pumping capacity, hydropower equipment, conversion of current accommodation for employees and ore reserve development. Gold Fields expects to spend approximately $82 million on capital expenditures at Beatrix in fiscal 2009, primarily on off-reef development, improvements to rail infrastructure from high volume stoping areas and the continuing infrastructure development at Shaft No. 3.
South Deep Operation
Introduction
Gold Fields acquired control of South Deep on December 1, 2006. South Deep is situated adjacent to Kloof, in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. South Deep is a capital project and remains a developing mine where currently most of the permanent infrastructure to support full production remains substantially incomplete. South Deep operates under a mining license with a total area of approximately 3,566 hectares. It is engaged in underground mining and is comprised of two operating shaft systems, the older South Shaft Complex and the newer Twin Shaft Complex, and one metallurgical plant. The South Shaft Complex includes a main shaft and three sub-vertical (SV) shafts, two of which are operational. SV 2 is used to hoist rock with SV 3 being used to move personnel and materials. The Twin Shaft Complex consists of a single barrel main shaft and an adjoining ventilation shaft. Both shaft complexes operate at depths between 1,510 meters and 2,995 meters below surface. The South Deep operation has access to the national electricity grid, water, and road infrastructure and is located near regional urban centers where it can routinely obtain needed supplies. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, South Deep produced 0.232 million ounces of gold. As of June 30, 2008, South Deep had approximately 6,300 employees, including approximately 1,850 employed by outside contractors.
History
The current South Deep operations derive from the Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture, which Gold Fields acquired in a series of transactions in the second and third quarters of fiscal 2007. The Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture is now named the South Deep Joint Venture.
Geology
Gold mineralization at South Deep is hosted by conglomerates of the Upper Elsburg reefs and the VCR. The Upper Elsburg reefs sub-crop against the VCR in a north-easterly trend, which defines the western limits of the Upper Elsburg reefs. To the east of the sub-crop, the Upper Elsburg reefs are preserved in an easterly diverging sedimentary wedge attaining a total thickness of approximately 120 meters, which is subdivided into the lower Individuals and the overlying Massives. To the west of the sub-crop, only the VCR is preserved.
The stratigraphic units at South Deep generally dip southward at around twelve to fifteen degrees and the gold-bearing reefs occur at depths of 1,500 meters to 3,500 meters below surface. The gold grade generally decreases within a reef unit, gradually toward the east away from the Upper Elsburg Reef sub-crop, as sedimentary parameters influence the overall tenor of the reefs in the distal environment.
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The northsouth trending normal West Rand and Panvlakte faults, which converge on the western side of the lease, are the most important large-scale faults in the area and form the western limit to gold mineralization for the mine.
Mining
Production at South Deep currently is from the Upper Elsburgs (the Massives and the Individuals). The Upper Elsburgs occur to the east of a north-northeast striking subcrop with the overlaying VCR and form part of an easterly divergent clastic wedge. In general terms, the Upper Elsburg succession represents an easterly prograding sedimentary sequence, with the Massives containing higher gold grades and showing more proximal sedimentological attributes in the eastern sector of the mining authorization than the underlying Individuals. South Deeps workings are at depth and therefore require significant cooling infrastructure.
Mining at South Deep will be mechanized. The Upper Elsburgs are mined by a variety of methods including long hole open stoping, drift-and-fill and drift-and-benching. South Deeps primary mining method will be trackless, mechanized mining. Trackless mining is a modern rock excavation technique which features a complex array of methods and machines combined so as to form the most efficient excavation system for a given area.
South Deep remains, at present, a developing mine with large sections of its infrastructure, especially at lower levels, incomplete. Horizontal development below the current mining area has now started and is expected to build up to 600 meters per month by March 2009. De-stressing on the Upper Elsburg Individual horizon using mechanized methods is due to begin in fiscal 2009. Employees with the skills to undertake trackless, mechanized mining, including drill rig operation, load haul dumper operation and utility vehicle operation, are highly sought after by other trackless miners and the construction sector. Gold Fields made adjustments to remuneration packages during the fiscal year to attract and retain qualified staff. Also, a trackless training simulator was commissioned at the South Deep Twin Shaft Complex in August 2008 to train miners in the use of mechanized trackless mining methods in order to alleviate the shortage of skills.
The planned production build-up at South Deep could not be delivered due to the following factors which required the re-planning of the mine in February 2008. The VCR encountered the Waterpan Fault above the current mining area earlier than previously anticipated, leading to the earlier depletion of conventional mining above the current mining area. Conventional mining stopped mine-wide by February 2008. In addition, the strategy of down-dip mining below the current mining area from the trackless mining project was reviewed and due to a lack of structural and geological information, this mining method was put on hold. Subsequently, the mechanized tonnage buildup was stabilized at the current volumes until the development below the current mining area is completed to allow mine planning to confidently position the trackless mining in the correct reef band of the Elsburg Massive reef package. Since future production volumes of the Elsburg Reef package remain dependent upon de-stress mining rates, the shift from conventional to mechanized de-stress mining was reviewed in order to bring forward the implementation of mechanized mining as much as possible. Lastly, the mine was re-planned with the intent to complete the initial Twin Shaft infrastructure and develop the orebody below the current mining area. The above changes led to the restructuring of the mine and the downsizing of the workforce by approximately 1,900 employees.
On May 1, 2008, underground mining at South Deep was suspended after a ventilation raise hole accident resulted in nine workers losing their lives. Underground mining at the current mining area resumed on May 8, 2008 after safety checks on winding operations at all of Gold Fields South African operations.
Installation of the Brattice wall at the Twin Shaft Complex ventilation shaft was completed in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 and commissioning of the surface fans is expected early in the second quarter of fiscal 2009. Further work on deepening the shaft and equipping it for rock hoisting has an estimated completion date of March 2012. Moving forward, management focus will be on developing pumping and rock-handling infrastructure below the current mining area and installation of additional refrigeration units, which should allow the expansion of mining at the lower levels.
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Gold Fields is revisiting mine planning and orebody optimization over the mine life. Efforts are currently focused on bringing the mine into full production by the end of calendar 2014. As a result, the conceptual study of potential underground synergies between Kloof and South Deep has been deemphasized. However, Gold Fields intends to seek to identify other operational synergies between the two operations, which could include the provision of technical and financial services, the utilization of surface infrastructure such as workshops and offices, the procurement of consumables and supply chain management.
Detailed below are the operating and production results at South Deep for the seven month period from December 1, 2006 to June 30, 2007 (the period of Gold Fields ownership of the mine in fiscal 2007) and the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008.
Seven months ended June 30, 2007 |
Year ended June 30, 2008 | |||
Production(1) |
||||
Tons (000) |
1,104 | 1,367 | ||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
4.6 | 5.3 | ||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
163 | 232 | ||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||
Revenues |
107.9 | 184.6 | ||
Total production costs(2) |
118.6 | 213.2 | ||
Total cash costs(3) |
98.9 | 178.2 | ||
Cash profit(4) |
9.0 | 6.4 | ||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||
Total production costs |
714 | 919 | ||
Total cash costs |
595 | 768 | ||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
866 | 1,253 |
Notes:
(1) | For fiscal 2007, production is reported from December 1, 2006, the date on which Gold Fields effectively acquired the mine. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsResults of Operations. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
South Deep is engaged in underground mining and is thus subject to all of the underground mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. The primary safety issues facing South Deep underground operations include seismicity (including seismic induced falls of ground) and rock temperatures. A fall of ground prevention campaign, which was started by Gold Fields during the second half of fiscal 2007, has reduced such incidents but has highlighted the need to focus on slip and fall risks. South Deep is addressing the seismic risks through de-stressing and backfilling which help to alleviate seismic risks. In addition, mechanized mining requires fewer workers and allows them to conduct mining activities at a greater distance from the rock face than conventional mining methods, thereby reducing the exposure of employees to higher risk areas.
As discussed in regards to Driefontein, the South Deep operation experienced a total suspension of production during the third quarter of fiscal 2008 due to power constraints. While power has been restored to 90% of the historical average consumption profile, Gold Fields believes that South Deep is currently fully functional at 90% of historical average consumption owing to the shift from more power intensive conventional
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mining to mechanized mining. See Risk FactorsSome of Gold Fields power suppliers have forced it to halt or curtail activities at its mines, due to severe power disruptions. Power stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition and Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsDriefontein OperationMining.
As production builds up, the power needs at South Deep will increase. Gold Fields has applied to Eskom for an additional power allocation and has no reason to expect it will not be granted. Moreover as Gold Fields power allocation is granted to its South African operations as a whole, rather than on a mine-by-mine basis, Gold Fields will be able to shift power usage from one mine to another as the power requirements at the various mines change.
In fiscal 2008, the serious injury frequency rate was 4.16 injuries for every million hours worked and the fatal injury frequency rate was 0.75 fatalities for every million hours worked. There were 12 fatalities at the South Deep operation in fiscal 2008 including 9 in a ventilation raise hole accident on May 1, 2008 and, to date in fiscal 2009, there have been no fatalities. In October 2007, former President Thabo Mbeki ordered the DME to conduct an occupational health and safety audit at all mines, including Gold Fields mines. The audit of legal compliance has been completed and a report of its finding is expected in the near future. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaHealth and Safety.
On December 4, 2007 there was a one day, industry-wide work stoppage in South Africa that affected the South Deep operation. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployersLabor RelationsSouth Africa. On May 7, 2008, work was stopped at South Deep for a day of mourning after the shaft accident that occurred on May 1, 2008. On July 23, 2008, there was a one day regional work stoppage in Gauteng province in support of COSATUs protect of the electricity crisis in South Africa followed by another one day COSATU national stay away on August 6, 2008 for the same reason.
The ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Management System implementation is on track and certification is anticipated during calendar 2008.
The total shaft hoisting capacities of South Deep are detailed below.
Shaft System |
Hoisting capacity | |
(tons/month) | ||
Twins Main |
175,000 | |
SV2(1) |
157,500 | |
South Shaft(2) |
157,500 |
Notes:
(1) | This shaft does not hoist material to the surface. It has a capacity of 157,500 tons per month for sub-surface hoisting. |
(2) | As of the date of this annual report, the South Shaft is not operational. It is undergoing maintenance and is expected to be recommissioned in fiscal 2010 for temporary hoisting of a portion of the expected production from the Twin Shaft Complex prior to the commissioning of the hoisting capability at the Twin Shaft ventilation shaft. |
Gold production for fiscal 2008 amounted to 0.232 million ounces, which included both underground and surface sources. The underground grade recovered was 6.5 grams per ton for the same period. Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at South Deep and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at South Deep, South Deeps June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 29.1 million ounces will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2052. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine. The majority of Gold
69
Fields proven and probable reserves at South Deep are outside the current mining area and are based on the pre-acquisition figures as declared for December 2005 by an independent reserve panel for the Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture between Barrick Gold South Africa (Pty) Limited (formerly, Placer Dome South Africa Proprietary Limited) and Western Areas Limited Gold Field has re-modeled, re-evaluated, designed and scheduled the current mining area in accordance with Gold Fields standards and procedures. The proven and probable reserves for South Deep included in this annual report take account of this revised information as well as mining depletion through June 30, 2008.
Processing
All processing at South Deep is provided by a single plant. The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factors during fiscal 2008 for the plant:
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for the year ended June 30, 2008 |
Approximate recovery factor for the year ended June 30, 2008(2) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
Twin Shaft Plant |
2002 | Primary SAG and Secondary Ball milling | Leach, CIP treatment with elution and electro winning | 220,000 | 139,523 | 97.5 | % |
Note:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
During fiscal 2008, the South Deep Plant treated an average of 0.114 million tons per month made up of underground and surface material. Since November 2007 the plant has treated an average of approximately 42,000 tons of Kloof low grade surface material per month. No major changes to plant design were made in fiscal 2008. However, feasibility planning on the requirements needed to increase plant capacity is scheduled to begin in fiscal 2009.
During fiscal 2008, 28.5% by mass of the annual tons milled returned underground as backfill. The current backfill plant has the capacity to recover 42% by mass of the tons milled as backfill product. The current residue disposal facilities have a capacity of only 132,000 tons per month. The design for a new residue disposal facility for South Deep has been completed and approved by the Board. Construction is due to start in the last quarter of fiscal 2009. It is expected to take eighteen months to two years to complete the construction program to a point where deposits of residue on the dam can begin.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $108 million on capital expenditures at the South Deep operation in fiscal 2008, primarily on development, refrigeration plant equipping, ventilation and shaft infrastructure, equipment for mechanized development of the orebody and the installation of emergency diesel power generators. Gold Fields expects to spend approximately $136 million on capital expenditures at South Deep in fiscal 2009, primarily on developing the orebody and ventilation and shaft infrastructure.
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Ghana Operations
The Ghana operations are comprised of the Tarkwa and Damang mines.
Tarkwa Mine
Introduction
Gold Fields Ghana, which holds the interest in the Tarkwa mine, is owned 71.1% by Gold Fields, 18.9% by IAMGold and 10.0% by the government of Ghana.
The Tarkwa mine is located in south-western Ghana, about 300 kilometers by road west of Accra. The Tarkwa mine consists of several open pit operations on the original Tarkwa property and the adjacent southern portion of the property, which was formerly referred to as the Teberebie property and was acquired by Gold Fields in August 2000, together with two heap leach facilities, referred to as the North Plant and the South Plant. A new SAG mill and CIL plant commenced continuous operations at the Tarkwa property in November 2004. The Tarkwa mine operates under mining leases with a total area of approximately 20,800 hectares. It currently conducts only surface operations, although it previously had a small underground mining operation which it operated through July 1999 under Gold Fields agreement with the government of Ghana. The Tarkwa mine has access to the national electricity grid, water, road and railroad infrastructure. Most supplies are trucked in from either the nearest seaport, which is approximately 140 kilometers away by road in Takoradi, or from Tema near Accra, which is approximately 300 kilometers away by road. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, Tarkwa produced 0.65 million ounces of gold, of which 0.46 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in Gold Fields Ghana. As of June 30, 2008, Tarkwa had approximately 4,700 employees, including approximately 2,900 employed by outside contractors.
History
Investment in large-scale mining in the Tarkwa area commenced in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. In 1993, Gold Fields of South Africa, or GFSA, took over an area previously operated by the State Gold Mining Corporation, or SGMC. SGMC had in turn acquired the property from private companies owned by European investors. Following initial drilling, feasibility studies and project development (which included the removal of overburden and the resettlement of approximately 22,000 people), mining operations commenced in 1997.
Geology
Gold mineralization at Tarkwa is hosted by Proterozoic Tarkwaian metasediments, which overlie but do not conform to a Birimian greenstone belt sequence. Gold mineralization is concentrated in conglomerate reefs and has some similarities to deposits in the Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa. The deposit comprises a succession of stacked, tabular paleoplacer units consisting of quartz pebble conglomerates. Approximately 10 such separate economic units occur in the concession area within a sedimentary package ranging from 40 meters to 110 meters in thickness. Low grade to barren quartzite units are interlayered between the separate reef units.
Mining
The existing surface operation currently exploits narrow auriferous conglomerates from four pits, namely Pepe, Akontansi, Teberebie and Kottraverchy. A fifth pit, West Hill, was fully depleted in February 2007. Two additional pits, Atuabo and Mantraim, which have previously been mined by Gold Fields, are temporarily inactive, but both are planned to be reactivated within the next few years pending the relocation of an electrical sub-station which lies on the edge of the current allowed blast radius and as adjacent active pits are expanded to join them.
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Tarkwa uses the typical open pit mining methods of drilling, blasting, loading and hauling. The progression of blasting in the open pit occurs in steps of six meters (or in some cases three meters) with the ore loaded into 144-ton dump trucks.
Tarkwa currently presents no unusual challenges beyond those faced at most open pit and heap leaching mining operations, including variations in amenability of ores to leaching. However, harder ores are expected at Tarkwa which could reduce throughput at the two heap leach facilities. As yet, throughput has not been affected, but heap leach recoveries declined from 75% in fiscal 2007 to 71% in fiscal 2008. The primary operational challenges include managing effective grade control, lowering operating costs, optimizing throughput in the plant operations and managing gold-in-process on heap leach pads (that is, gold in the processing circuit that is expected to be recovered during or after operations). During fiscal 2008, although Tarkwa produced similar tonnage amounts as in fiscal 2007, the recovered grade was lower. This was due to the world-wide giant tire shortage and excessive rainfall which reduced access to higher grade ore at Teberebie.
Detailed below are the operating and production results at Tarkwa for the past three fiscal years.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
21,487 | 22,639 | 22,035 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
709 | 697 | 646 | |||
Results of operations ($million) |
||||||
Revenues |
373.0 | 444.8 | 531.5 | |||
Total production costs(2) |
248.2 | 302.6 | 357.0 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
212.6 | 263.6 | 317.6 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
160.4 | 181.2 | 213.9 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
350 | 434 | 553 | |||
Total cash costs |
300 | 378 | 492 | |||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
357 | 500 | 753 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2006, 2007 and 2008, 0.504 million ounces, 0.496 million ounces and 0.459 million ounces of production, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana operations. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Key Information Selected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
In fiscal 2008, overall ore tonnage decreased by 0.6 million tons compared to fiscal 2007 levels due to a planned decrease in mining rates to allow for the processing of low grade stockpiles in anticipation of the closure of the South Heap Leach Facility. Stacking of ore on heaps is scheduled to cease in December 2008 but irrigation of heaps will continue until all economically viable gold has been recovered. Total waste mined increased as additional equipment was added to ensure that sufficient waste was mined to meet the production profile for the
72
life of mine. Compared to fiscal 2007 levels, gold production at Tarkwa decreased in fiscal 2008 primarily because of expected lower recovered grade. Total cash costs per ounce of gold increased approximately 13.5% during fiscal 2008, primarily due to the decreased recovered grade and rising fuel (including diesel to run generators), power, cyanide, cement and steel prices, higher fleet maintenance costs and an increase in the level of waste stripping.
Of significance in fiscal 2008 was the continuation of an electricity load shedding regime that was put in place by the government of Ghana in August 2006, which called for commercial and domestic consumers to reduce their off take by a specified percentage of their average consumption. This percentage varied between 25% and 50% from August to December 2006 and then remained constant at 25% for the period from January to September 2007. In October 2007, the load shedding requirement for the commercial users was eliminated. In order to maintain production levels at both the Tarkwa and Damang operations while adhering to the load shedding requirements, Gold Fields decided to run the on-site diesel generation facilities at both mines. Because the larger generating capacity of Gold Fields on-site generating facilities is located at Damang, Tarkwa, with the agreement of the Volta River Authority (the government-owned utility), or the VRA, made a smaller reduction in demand while Damang made a larger reduction, relying more heavily on the on-site generation facilities. As a result, Damang used 82% of the total self-generated electricity. The cost of generation for Tarkwa amounted to $9.6 million in fiscal 2007 and $1.6 million in fiscal 2008. Through discussions at the Ghana Chamber of Mines, it was agreed that on-site generation was not a sustainable solution. As a result, the four largest mining companies in Ghana formed a consortium and agreed to jointly fund the construction of an 80MW power plant, known as the Mining Reserve Plant, or MRP, to guarantee electricity supply into the future. The basis of the arrangement was that 25% of the funding would be provided by each consortium member, that the consortium would in addition pay an operations and maintenance contractor to maintain and run the plant for one year, that the MRP would be handed over to the VRA for it to ultimately manage and operate and, in exchange, the consortium would be protected from any future load shedding requirements up to the installed capacity of the MRP. The MRP was commissioned in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 but due to the reduced need for co-generation it has not been put into service as an operating unit yet.
A 60% increase in the electricity tariff became effective on November 1, 2007, followed by a further 80% increase with effect from July 1, 2008. Negotiations, primarily through the Chamber of Mines, are ongoing with the VRA to reduce the second increase although any reduction may require Gold Fields to make further investment in the energy sector through new projects and upgrades.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Tarkwa and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Tarkwa, Tarkwas June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 11.2 million ounces (7.9 million of which were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana operations) will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2022. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
The Tarkwa mine is engaged in open pit mining and is thus subject to all of the risks associated with open pit mining discussed in Risk Factors. Although surface mining generally is less dangerous than underground mining, serious and even fatal accidents do still occur. Tarkwa had three fatalities in fiscal 2008 and had no fatalities in fiscal 2007. To date in fiscal 2009, there have been no fatalities at Tarkwa. The first fatality was as a result of electrocution. In a separate incident, two men lost their lives as a result of a conveyor belt failure. The serious injury frequency rate for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 0.2, 0.0 and 0.1 serious injuries for every million hours worked, respectively. The fatal injury frequency rate for fiscal 2008 was 0.2 fatal injuries for every million hours worked, for 2007 and 2006 it was 0.0 and 0.1 fatal injuries for every million hours worked, respectively. OHSAS 18001 certification was maintained during the year. There were no material work stoppages during fiscal 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009. The mine is also certified to the ISO 14001: 2007 standard in terms of its environmental management system.
73
Processing
Tarkwas ore can be processed either using conventional heap leach techniques with acceptable recoveries or SAG milling with a CIL plant. The current operation incorporates two separate heap leach circuits, the North Plant and the South Plant, and a new SAG mill plant which was commissioned in 2004. The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factors during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, for each of the plants at Tarkwa:
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for the year ended June 30, 2008 |
Approximate recovery factor for the year ended June 30, 2008(2) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
CIL Plant |
2004 | SAG milling | CIL treatment | 350,000 | 464,000 | 96 | % | ||||||
North Plant Heap Leach Facility |
1997 |
Multiple stage crushing and screening process and agglomeration |
Heap leach with AD&R treatment |
810,000 |
871,400 |
74 |
%(3) | ||||||
South Plant Heap Leach Facility |
1992 |
Multiple stage crushing and screening process and agglomeration |
Heap leach with AD&R treatment and electrowinning |
530,000 |
500,500 |
64 |
%(3) |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
(3) | Heap leach recoveries are the result of an extended solution application process with full recovery requiring several leach cycles. Full recovery of all recoverable gold for current ores is only achieved over several years. Thus, recoveries must be considered in terms of recovery as time progresses, or a progressive recovery. Over time, Gold Fields expects both plants to achieve progressive recovery factors of about 64% of contained gold, equivalent to full recovery of all recoverable gold during the life of mine. |
The SAG mill and CIL plant continued to exceed nameplate capacity during fiscal 2008. The amount of tonnage treated at the heap leach facilities fell by 0.55 million tons in fiscal 2008 as a result of unseasonably high rainfall in the year which resulted in excessive blockages in the plants while processing lateritic stockpile ore and, to a lesser extent, the increasing hardness of the ore. Expansion of the North Plant heap leach pads commenced during the third quarter of fiscal 2007. The CIL plant processed 5.57 million tons in fiscal 2008, as compared to 5.6 million tons in fiscal 2007. An expansion project commenced in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007 which is expected to increase the capacity of the CIL plant to one million tons per month. Construction of this expansion project is expected to be completed during December 2008, with full production expected to be achieved soon thereafter.
Tarkwa achieved International Cyanide Management Code certification during fiscal 2008.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $170 million on capital expenditures at the Tarkwa operation in fiscal 2008, primarily on construction of the North Plant heap leach pad, CIL plant expansion, replacement and
74
expansion of mining equipment and capital waste mining. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately $146 million for capital expenditures at Tarkwa for fiscal 2009, principally for the CIL plant expansion, further expansion of the North Plant heap leach pad, additional mining equipment and capital waste mining.
Damang Mine
Introduction
Abosso, which owns the interest in the Damang mine, is owned 71.1% by Gold Fields, 18.9% by IAMGold and 10% by the Ghanaian government, mirroring the shareholding structure of Gold Fields Ghana.
The Damang deposits are located in the Wassa West District in south-western Ghana approximately 360 kilometers by road west of Accra and approximately 30 kilometers by road northeast of the Tarkwa mine. The Damang mine consists of an open pit operation with a SAG mill and CIL processing plant.
Damang operates under a mining lease with a total area of approximately 8,100 hectares. The Damang mine has access to the national electricity grid and water and road infrastructure. Most supplies are trucked in from either the nearest seaport, which is approximately 200 kilometers away by road in Takoradi, or from Accra, which is approximately 360 kilometers away by road. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, the Damang mine produced 0.194 million ounces of gold, of which 0.138 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in Abosso. As of June 30, 2008, Damang had approximately 1,600 employees, including approximately 1,350 employed by outside contractors.
History
Mining on the Abosso concession began with underground mining in the early twentieth century. Surface mining at Damang commenced in August 1997 and Gold Fields assumed control of operations on January 23, 2002. Historically, the underground mine was in operation from 1878 until 1956 until closure due to an extended strike and lack of cashflow.
Geology
Damang is located on the Damang Anticline, which is marked by Tarkwaian metasediments on the east and west limbs, around a core of Birimian metasediments and volcanics. Gold in the Tarkwaian metasediment and volcanics is predominantly found in the conglomerates of the Banket Formation and is similar to the Witwatersrand in South Africa; however, at Damang, hydrothermal processes have enriched much of this paleoplacer mineralization. Within the region, the contact between the Birimian and Tarkwaian metasediment and volcanics is commonly marked by zones of intense shearing and is host to a number of significant shear hosted gold deposits including Prestea, Bogoso, and Obuasi.
Paleoplacer mineralization occurs on the west limb of the anticline at Abosso, Chida, and Tomento, and on the east limb of the anticline at the Kwesie, Lima South, and Bonsa North locations. Hydrothermal enrichment of the Tarkwaian paleoplacer occurs at the Rex, Amoanda, and Nyame areas on the west limb and the Damang and Bonsa areas on the east limb.
Mining
Damang uses the typical open pit mining methods of drilling, blasting, loading and hauling. The progression of blasting in the open pit occurs in six-meter benches, which are then combined to form steps of three meters with the ore and waste loaded into 100-ton dump trucks. The primary operational challenges include managing the Damang Pit Cut Back, or DPCB, and maintaining adequate and timely supply of appropriate plant feed blend. There were no material stoppages to the mining operations during fiscal 2008.
75
During fiscal 2008, the DPCB pit was the high-grade fresh ore feed source to the plant. Of the five Tomento pits, four were fully depleted by the end of fiscal 2008. Tomento pits 3 and 5 were depleted at the end of fiscal 2007. Tomento pits 1 and 4 were depleted in fiscal 2008. The fifth pit (Tomento pit 2) is currently the main oxide ore feed source to the plant. The south end of Tomento pit 2 is turning into hard material and therefore the Tomento East pit was started during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 to supplement the oxides generated from Tomento pit 2.
The DPCB waste stripping continued in fiscal 2008. Approval was sought for additional expenditure over the life of the pit. The expenditure, which is projected to increase compared to the original forecast due to the increase in mining volumes and increasing African Mining Services (Ghana) Pty Ltd, or AMS, contract rates, is required for the continued development of the DPCB. In addition, a scoping study supplementary to the pre-feasibility study was completed to evaluate the underground mining potential at Abosso Deeps, an area at the southern end of the Damang lease area near the old Abosso underground mine, has been completed. Further study into the feasibility of utilizing manual mining methods will be conducted once additional exploration holes have been drilled and an updated model has been completed. This study, once completed, will be included in the detailed feasibility study of the Abosso underground mine.
The development of Damangs several satellite pits has increased the size of the mine extensively, requiring compensation payments and in some cases the resettlement of affected landowners. The commencement of the Tomento East pit required additional resettlement of approximately 26 households in that area during fiscal 2008. The resettlement was completed in accordance with Gold Fields policy.
Following Gold Fields acquisition of Damang in January 2002, an exploration program was started to seek alternative sources of ore to replace the Damang pit, by testing both hydrothermal and conglomerate styles of mineralization across the Damang lease area. The Rex pit is a new pit located on southern extent of the Damang Mining Lease. The Rex exploration program was conducted in fiscal 2006 and the pit was originally planned to be mined in fiscal 2010. In light of the occurrence of illegal mining activities in the Rex project area, management decided to accelerate the mining of the Rex pit to fiscal 2009. Negotiations between the mine and the illegal miners resulted in the removal of the miners over several months without incident. The illegal miners mined some of the ore body but they were removed before the mining plan was significantly affected.
AMS performs a substantial proportion of the operations at Damang. In January 2006, AMS was awarded a six-year contract beginning June 25, 2005 to reflect the increased scope of works from mining the DPCB and the Damang satellite pits. In July 2008, this contract was extended by three years. AMS provides employees, supplies and equipment for mining at Damang, including drilling, blasting and waste stripping, as well as the haulage of the material produced from the mining activities, including both ore and waste. AMS receives fees under the contract which depend on the type of service being performed and the equipment being used. Under the terms of the contract, AMS is liable for any damage or loss it causes, including that caused by any subcontractor it hires. AMS is not liable for damage that is the result of work performed in accordance with the terms of the contract that is unavoidable or that is caused by any negligent act or omission of employees of Abosso or third parties over whom AMS has no control. AMS is required to take out insurance to cover potential damage and liability. Abosso can terminate its contract at any time; however, there are significant penalties associated with doing this particularly early on in the life of the contract. In the event of termination, Abosso is under no obligation to purchase any of the AMS equipment, although should AMS agree, it would have an option to purchase such equipment.
A different contractor, Engineers & Planners Company Limited, performs the ore haulage contract work at Damang, using 30-ton trucks to haul the material from the various satellite pits to the Run of Mine, or RoM, pad, which is the ore stockpile dump close to the crushing plant.
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Detailed below are the operating and production results at Damang for the past three fiscal years.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Tons (000) |
5,328 | 5,269 | 4,516 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
1.4 | 1.1 | 1.3 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
235 | 188 | 194 | |||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||
Revenues |
123.1 | 119.5 | 160.4 | |||
Total production costs(2) |
105.0 | 113.1 | 131.6 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
101.5 | 112.2 | 127.8 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
21.6 | 7.3 | 32.6 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
447 | 602 | 678 | |||
Total cash costs |
432 | 597 | 658 | |||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
450 | 624 | 717 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2006, 2007 and 2008, 0.167 million ounces, 0.134 million ounces and 0.138 million ounces of production, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in Abosso. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Key Information Selected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenue less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
The walls of the East Tailings Storage Facility were raised during fiscal 2008 to increase the capacity of the facility. This is expected to provide capacity for the tailings to be generated during the expected life of the mine. The remaining work on the facility is planned to be completed during the second quarter of fiscal 2009.
The grade and gold production in fiscal 2008 increased primarily due to the increased mining of the high-grade fresh material from the DPCB. Total production and cash costs increased in fiscal 2008 due to increases in mining, haulage, fuel and consumable costs, together with expenditure incurred on the DPCB amounting to $25.6 million. Mill tonnage decreased due to unplanned mechanical downtime on the primary crusher which required major maintenance works. The unplanned mechanical downtime was mainly due to the failure of a key component. The crusher is not a common make, and so time was required to find a new part, deliver it to site and install it. Subsequently, the mine has ordered spare one-off components so that if failure of these components occurs, similar downtime events can be avoided or minimized.
While various satellite pits were brought to production to offset the Damang pit depletion, the grade and gold production in fiscal 2007 decreased primarily due to depletion of the relatively high-grade fresh material from the Amoanda and J2SW pits. Total production and cash costs increased in fiscal 2007 due to increases in mining, haulage, fuel and consumable costs, together with expenditure incurred on the DPCB, which amounted to $23.4 million. Mill tonnage decreased due to 19 days of unplanned mechanical downtime on the primary crusher. The unplanned mechanical downtime was mainly due to the failure of a crusher bearing. The crusher is not a common make, and so time was required to find a matching bearing, deliver it to site and install it.
77
Damang receives its electricity supply from the Volta River Authority, or VRA, and the local supply is managed by Electricity Company of Ghana. Damang has a back-up power generation facility that is owned and controlled by the mine. This is only used during power outages or reduced supply capacity from VRA or ECG. Supply was severely affected by a transformer failure at VRA during the second quarter of fiscal 2008. During this period, the diesel driven power generating station at Damang was required to operate for an extended period to support supply to Damang and the Tarkwa Operation. Due to the age and condition of the generating sets, a number will be replaced in fiscal 2009.
As discussed in relation to Tarkwa, of significance in fiscal 2008 were the changes made to the electricity supply arrangements as a result of the energy crisis in the country. In order to maintain production levels at both the Tarkwa and Damang operations, Gold Fields decided to run the on-site diesel generation facilities at its Ghana operations. The cost of generation for Damang amounted to $4.8 million in fiscal 2007 and $4.9 million in fiscal 2008. See Tarkwa MineMining.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Damang and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Damang, Damangs June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 1.35 million ounces (0.96 million of which were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana operations) will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2014. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors that can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
The Damang mine comprises open pit mining, and is thus subject to all of the risks associated with open pit mining discussed in Risk Factors. Although surface mining generally is less dangerous than underground mining, serious and even fatal accidents do still occasionally occur. The Damang mine has not had a fatal injury since its acquisition by Gold Fields in 2002, including to date in fiscal 2009. The serious injury frequency rate at Damang for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 0.0, 0.0 and 0.0 serious injuries for every million hours worked. The Damang mine has introduced a management system in accordance with OHSAS 18001. The environmental management system at the mine is certified to the ISO 14001 standard. There were no strikes or material work stoppages at Damang in fiscal 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009.
Processing
All ore at Damang is processed through a single facility. The following table sets forth the year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factor during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 for the plant.
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for the year ended June 30, 2008 |
Approximate recovery factor for the year ended June 30, 2008(2) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
Main Plant |
1997 | Single stage crushing with SAG and ball milling | CIL treatment | 383,000 | 376,365 | 94 | % |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
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Optimization of the Damang mill involves careful blending of hard and soft ores to maximize use of the milling circuit, which remains the major throughput constraint in this plant. Mining operations continue to focus on maintaining an appropriate plant feed blend.
Feasibility for the design and installation of a seventh CIL tank was completed in November 2005 and tenders were submitted in April 2006 for final costing. The seventh CIL tank was commissioned in December 2007 and as expected, contributed to the increase in the recovery factor from 92% in fiscal 2007 to 94% in fiscal 2008.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately $11 million on capital expenditures at the Damang mine in fiscal 2008, primarily on increasing capacity at a tailings storage facility, construction on the seventh CIL tank, waste stripping at the DPCB and development of the Tomento pits. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately $20.7 million of capital expenditures at Damang for fiscal 2009, primarily for crusher rehabilitation and development of satellite pits.
Australia Operations
When Gold Fields acquired the St. Ives and Agnew gold mining operations from WMC Resources Limited, or WMC, on November 30, 2001, part of the purchase consideration included Gold Fields agreeing to pay a royalty to WMC. Separate, but similar, royalties were payable for gold produced from the St. Ives and Agnew operations, calculated as follows:
| 4% of the net smelter returns for gold produced from St. Ives to the extent that cumulative production of gold from November 30, 2001 exceeded 3.3 million ounces, but subject to the average spot price of gold for the relevant quarter exceeding A$400 per ounce. A similar royalty was payable for gold production at Agnew but only for cumulative production of gold from November 30, 2001 in excess of 0.8 million ounces; and |
| a price participation royalty equal to 10% of the difference between the spot gold price and A$600 per ounce of gold in respect of all gold produced from the St. Ives and Agnew operations each quarter after November 30, 2001, subject to the spot price of gold exceeding A$600 per ounce. |
On June 26, 2002, WMC agreed to give up its right to receive royalties from the Agnew operation in exchange for a payment of A$3.6 million. In July 2002, WMC sold its right to royalties from the St. Ives operation to Morgan Stanley. That royalty obligation remains in place.
During fiscal 2008, the gold price continued to exceed the A$600 price required to trigger the price participation royalty and for fiscal 2008 royalties of A$13.5 million (approximately U.S.$12.1 million) were expensed. During June 2008, total gold produced from St. Ives since November 30, 2001 exceeded 3.3 million ounces, creating liability to pay the 4% net smelter return royalty on subsequent ounces sold, and for fiscal 2008 royalties of A$0.9 million (approximately U.S.$0.8 million) were expensed.
St. Ives
Introduction
St. Ives is located 80 kilometers south of Kalgoorlie and 20 kilometers south of Kambalda, straddling Lake Lefroy in Western Australia. It holds mining leases covering a total area of approximately 84,500 hectares. St. Ives is both a surface and underground operation, with a number of open pits, three operating underground mines, a metallurgical CIP plant and a heap leach facility. The St. Ives operation obtains electricity pursuant to a contract with a major mining company that expires in January 2014 and has access to water, rail and road infrastructure. Needed supplies are trucked in locally from both Kambalda and Kalgoorlie. In fiscal 2008, St. Ives produced 0.42 million ounces of gold. St. Ives had a workforce of approximately 1,175 employees as of June 30, 2008, approximately 360 of whom were employed by outside contractors.
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Gold production takes place over an extensive area at St. Ives, although it is mainly concentrated in a 30 kilometer corridor extending south-southeast from Kambalda across Lake Lefroy.
History
Gold mining began in the St. Ives area in 1897, with WMC commencing gold mining operations at St. Ives in 1980. Gold Fields acquired the St. Ives gold mining operation from WMC in November 2001.
Geology
The gold deposits of St. Ives are located at the southern end of the Norseman-Wiluna greenstone belt of the West Australian Goldfields Province. In the St. Ives area the belt consists of Kalgoorlie Group volcanic rocks, Black Flag group felsic volcanic rocks and sediments and a variety of intrusive and overlying post-tectonic sediments. The area is structurally complex, with host rocks metamorphosed to upper greenschist and lower amphibolite facies. Gold mineralization discovered to date is best developed in the mafic dominated parts of the sequence, hosted in minor structures including vein arrays, breccia zones and central, quartz rich and mylonitic parts of shear zones. Deposit styles and ore controls are varied, but deposits are commonly associated with subsidiary structures which splay off the regionally extensive Boulder-Lefroy Fault.
Mining
St. Ives sources production from a variety of underground and surface operations, has a mill that treats primary ore and a heap leach facility which treats low and marginal grade ore. The principal production sources in fiscal 2008 included the Argo underground mine together with the Leviathan, Bahama, Pluton and North Revenge open pits. During fiscal 2009, Gold Fields management expects the underground production to increase significantly as the Cave Rocks and Belleisle underground mines move from a capital development phase with some production into full production. The primary open pit production sources are expected to shift in fiscal 2009, with the full depletion of the Bahama, Pluton and North Revenge pits, which are expected to be replaced by new open pits at Agamemnon and Grinder. As many of the operations at St. Ives involve mining deposits on or under Lake Lefroy (which is a shallow salt pan that has water in it only intermittently), extracting ore requires construction of bunds and other earthworks to prevent water intrusion. Open pit operations use 180- to 250-ton excavators loading 150-ton trucks. Waste dumps are formed adjacent to the pits or, if practicable, waste is dumped in previously exhausted pits.
Argo Complex. Stoping activities at the Argo mine commenced in November 2003. The Argo underground mine operated below capacity during fiscal 2008, impacted by delays in paste filling and the geometry of the ore bodies preventing the planned extractions sequences and leading to some sections of the ore bodies failing to meet scheduled grade expectations. Performance at Argo in fiscal 2009 is expected to improve significantly.
Greater Revenge Complex. Mining at the Greater Revenge Area commenced in 1989. The operation utilizes typical open pit and lake sediment mining methods. Further exploration and mine design updates resulted in extensions to the Agamemnon open pit during fiscal 2008. The North Revenge and Pluton pits are expected to be fully depleted early in fiscal 2009, with production from the Agamemnon and Grinder pits starting in fiscal 2009.
Belleisle Underground Mine. The Belleisle deposit lies in the Greater Revenge area adjacent to the Mars open pit. Development of a decline tunnel commenced in the second half of fiscal 2007 to access the Belleisle ore body. Development continued during fiscal 2008 but was delayed due to a number of water in-flow intersections and difficult working conditions. Some ore production occurred during the development phase and a first stope opened in June 2008. The Belleisle mine is expected to move into a full production schedule during the second quarter of fiscal 2009.
Bahama Open Pit. This deposit is located in the middle of Lake Lefroy and to the immediate north east of the Santa Ana open pit, mined by WMC in the mid-1990s. The mine also applies typical open pit and lake sediment mining methods. Mining at Bahama was completed during fiscal 2008.
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Cave Rocks. Cave Rocks is located approximately six kilometers to the west of the Kambalda West township and was previously an open pit mine completed in 1985. The mining of a series of three open pits was completed in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. Development of an underground mine via a decline tunnel from the southern pit commenced in September 2007, with a second decline being developed from the northern pit, which commenced in November 2007. Development was based on the ore body mined in the open pits. However, during development, the geometry of the ore body was found to be different than expected. The underground mine will utilize primarily open stoping methods to extract ore. The life of this mine is expected to be approximately four years. Development continued during fiscal 2008 with some ore production during the development phase and a first stope opened in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008. The Cave Rocks mine is expected to move into a full production schedule during the third quarter of fiscal 2009.
Leviathan Open Pit. The Leviathan open pit is based on the expansion of a pre-existing open pit located approximately two kilometers southeast of the Lefroy processing plant. Mining of the cut back commenced in the third quarter of fiscal 2007, with first ore production in the fourth quarter. The mine utilizes conventional truck and shovel mining practices. Mining is planned to occur through areas previously exploited by underground mining methods, requiring special care when passing through these mined areas. Well established procedures are being implemented to manage the risks associated with these zones. Production is scheduled to continue at Leviathan throughout fiscal 2009.
St. Ivess exploration program in fiscal 2008 has led to an improved understanding of the underlying geological mineralization, enabling consolidation of a number of key project areas going forward. The majority of activities were early stage exploration activities aimed at preparing the site for aggressive resource drill-outs in fiscal 2009. In fiscal 2009, the exploration program is expected to include expansion of underground reserves, extensional growth at operating open pit mining areas, and selective targeting in prospective greenfield areas.
The St. Ives production schedule requires that new open pit and underground mining sources are progressively accessed. Underground production in fiscal 2009 is expected to be enhanced by the Cave Rocks and Belleisle underground mines moving into full production while the Grinder and Agamemnon open pits are planned to replace depleted pits. In addition, feasibility work for a new open pit and/or underground mine at Athena, two kilometers east of Argo, is expected to be undertaken. Based on the outcome of this feasibility study, mining of the deposit at Athena could commence as early as fiscal 2010.
All underground mining activities are completed under a contract with Carlowen Proprietary Ltd, which trades as GBF Underground Mining, or GBF. A five-year agreement with GBF commenced in April 2004, which includes a cost reimbursable performance based remuneration model. The status of this agreement is under review. GBF provides all the employees and equipment necessary to complete the underground development and stoping. Under the terms of the contract, Gold Fields approves all expenditures incurred and guarantees to reimburse 95% of these costs, with the remaining 5% plus any profit earned contingent on GBF achieving certain key performance indicators. Under the terms of the contract, GBF is liable for claims arising from its performance or non-performance, and any loss, damage, injury or death related to the presence of its employees onsite. GBF is not liable for liabilities or losses that are the result of negligence or a breach of a statutory duty of the mine owner. GBF is required to ensure that it and any subcontractors have adequate insurance.
Leighton Contractors Proprietary Limited, or Leighton, performs the surface mining at St. Ives under an alliance contract which was extended in January 2004 for a five year period The status of this agreement is under review. Leighton provides employees and equipment for mining ore and waste from the open pit mines. The contract is structured so that Leighton carries risk on plant and personnel performance with Gold Fields carrying the risk on costs. Leighton is reimbursed 100% of its direct costs and is given an additional margin payment. Performance bonuses are contingent upon Leighton achieving certain key performance indicators. Under the terms of the contract, Leighton is liable for claims arising from any loss and/or damage related to the negligence, injury or death of its employees on the sites. Leighton is not liable for claims or loss resulting from the mine owners negligence. Leighton is required to ensure that it and any subcontractors have adequate insurance.
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Detailed below are the operating and production results at St. Ives for the past three fiscal years.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
6,690 | 6,759 | 7,233 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
2.3 | 2.2 | 1.8 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
497 | 487 | 418 | |||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||
Revenues |
260.8 | 310.4 | 342.1 | |||
Total production costs(1)(2) |
242.2 | 286.8 | 351.4 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
171.9 | 202.6 | 276.0 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
88.9 | 107.8 | 66.1 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
488 | 589 | 841 | |||
Total cash costs |
346 | 416 | 661 | |||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
452 | 582 | 915 |
Notes:
(1) | For purposes of allocating production costs between St. Ives and Agnew, the consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Key Information Selected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
From fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2008 there was an increase in tonnage at St. Ives with an additional 0.5 million tones treated at the heap leach circuit. Tonnage treated at the Lefroy Plant remained consistent with fiscal 2007. The increased tonnage treated through the heap leach was a consequence of the addition of an oxide feeder allowing stockpiles of oxide material to be treated in the heap leach circuit. Gold production declined from fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2008 primarily due to reductions in recovered grade resulting from the depletion of the high grade Conqueror underground mine in June 2007. The production at Conqueror was replaced by lower grades obtained from open pits and from the temporary reopening of the East Repulse Underground Mine. Total cash costs per ounce in fiscal 2008 increased as compared to fiscal 2007 due to the lower grades obtained, overall cost increases including salaries and diesel prices and a $13 per ounce increase in royalties payable on the higher gold prices achieved.
From fiscal 2006 to fiscal 2007 there was a slight increase in tonnage at St. Ives with a slightly higher tonnage treated at the Lefroy Plant more than offsetting a small decrease in tonnage treated through the heap leach circuit. The reduced tonnage treated through the heap leach was a consequence of ongoing refurbishment of the crushing circuit and operational delays in stacking to infill small gaps in the heaps. Gold production declined from fiscal 2006 to fiscal 2007 primarily due to the lower grade of ores treated. In particular, the under-performance of the Argo underground mine in terms of tonnage mined and ore grade was a significant factor. Total cash costs in fiscal 2007 increased slightly as compared to fiscal 2006 due to the reduced gold production and rising input costs.
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Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at St. Ives and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at St. Ives, St. Ives June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 1.88 million ounces will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2013. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
St. Ives is engaged in underground mining and in both open pit and production stockpile surface mining, and is thus subject to all of the underground and surface mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. Seismicity is the primary safety risk with mining increasingly occurring at depths below 500 meters. The risk is addressed through the use of backfilling and by mining different parts of the orebody in controlled steps to improve stability, which is called stope sequencing. No fatalities were recorded in 2006, 2007, 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009. The serious injury frequency rate for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 0.0, 0.0 and 0.0 serious injuries per million hours worked, respectively. St. Ives has a health and safety system that conforms to the requirements of OHSAS 18001 and is integrated with its ISO 14001 environmental management system. There were no strikes or material work stoppages at St. Ives in fiscal 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009.
Processing
The table below sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factors during fiscal 2008, for each of the plants at St. Ives:
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for the year ended June 30, 2008 |
Approximate recovery factor for the year ended June 30, 2008(2) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
Lefroy Plant |
2005 | Single stage crushing and SAG milling | CIP | 375,000 | 387,000 | 93 | % | ||||||
Heap Leach Facility |
2000 |
Multiple stage crushing and screening process |
Carbon absorption |
167,000 |
215,000 |
64 |
%(3) |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
(3) | Heap leach recoveries are the result of an extended solution application process with full recovery requiring several leach cycles. Full recovery of all recoverable gold (about 60% of the contained gold) for current ores is only achieved over several years. Thus, recoveries must be considered in terms of recovery as time progresses, or a progressive recovery. Over time, Gold Fields expects the plant to achieve progressive recovery factors of about 60% of contained gold, equivalent to full recovery of all recoverable gold. |
The Lefroy Plant was fully commissioned in February 2005 and is located on the south shore of Lake Lefroy, approximately 12 kilometers south of the township of Kambalda. The plant consistently achieved in excess of nameplate capacity throughout fiscal 2008 and optimization continued throughout the year to realize incremental improvements in throughput, costs and recovery.
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The Heap Leach Facility treats low and marginal grade ore from St. Ives. During fiscal 2008, a number of improvements were made on the heap leach circuit, including the addition of an agglomeration drum to improve leaching performance of low grade oxide ores and an oxide feeder to allow stockpiles of oxide ore to be processed.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately U.S.$84 million on capital expenditures at St. Ives in fiscal 2008, primarily on project development of underground operations at Belleisle and Cave Rocks and ongoing development of the underground Argo mine. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately U.S.$92 million for capital expenditures at St. Ives for fiscal 2009, which is principally earmarked for the continued development of the underground operations at Argo, Bellisle and Cave Rocks and expansion of the Heap Leach Facility.
Agnew
Introduction
Agnew is located 23 kilometers southwest of Leinster, approximately 375 kilometers north of Kalgoorlie in Western Australia. It holds mining leases covering a total area of approximately 60,000 hectares. Agnew is an underground operation, with one underground mine (exploiting numerous ore zones) and one metallurgical plant. Agnew obtains electricity pursuant to a contract with a neighboring mine operated by a major mining company that expires in January 2014 and has access to road infrastructure. Accommodation for workers at Agnew is provided pursuant to an arrangement with the same neighboring mine. Less than 10% of the water requirement comes from local bores. The bulk of the water is supplied from the mining operations and recovered from the in-pit tailings facility. Supplies are generally trucked in from Perth or Kalgoorlie. In fiscal 2008, the operation produced 0.2 million ounces of gold. As of June 30, 2008, Agnew had approximately 450 employees, including approximately 200 who were employed by outside contractors.
History
Gold was discovered at Agnew in 1895 and has since been produced there intermittently. Western Mining Corporation, or WMC, acquired the operation in the early 1980s and commenced open pit mining operations in 1987.
Geology
The Agnew deposits are located within the northwest portion of the Norseman-Wiluna greenstone belt of the West Australian Goldfields. In the Agnew area the greenstone belt consists of an older sequence of ultramafic flows, gabbros, basalts, felsic volcanics and related sedimentary rocks. The rocks are folded about the large, moderately north plunging Lawlers Anticline. The Agnew deposits are located on the western limb of this anticline, and major deposits discovered to date lie on sheared contacts between stratigraphic units. The anticline is cut by north-northeast trending faults such as the Waroonga and East Murchison Unit shear zones.
Mining
The principal production sources in fiscal 2008 at Agnew were the Waroonga underground mining complex that comprises the Kim South and Main Lodes together with the Songvang open pit. Gold Fields expects the principal production sources in fiscal 2009 to be predominantly from the Waroonga underground mining complex.
Waroonga Complex. The Waroonga Complex currently includes underground mining of the Kim South, Rajah and Main Lode deposits. Underground mining currently involves open stoping methods with cemented paste fill placed in mined out voids to improve ground stability, minimize waste dilution and maximize extraction of the reserve. Access to the orebody is through a decline tunnel which accommodates workers,
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materials and equipment. Waroonga underground performance increased from less than 30,000 tons per month in June 2007 to greater than 60,000 tons per month by June 2008. A review of stoping sequences, geotechnical parameters and timing in opening up stopes allowed for significant changes to existing working practices which enabled significantly higher production volumes from minimal additional effort or risk. This was complemented by a 100% increase in development meters quarter-on-quarter over the course of the year. Gold Fields has scheduled the Waroonga complex to continue producing at 50,000 to 60,000 tons per month in fiscal 2009.
Songvang Open Pit. The Songvang open pit, located 16 kilometers south of the Agnew metallurgical plant, commenced production during fiscal 2005. The Songvang open pit was successfully depleted in August 2007 and the mining fleet demobilized. The Songvang high grade stockpile was blended with underground ore until February 2008, after which time the Songvang low grade stockpile was substituted. At fiscal year end, there were 124,000 tons of ore remaining at Songvang stockpile, which is expected to be depleted in the second quarter of fiscal 2009.
Claudius Underground Prospect. The Claudius underground prospect consists of a parallel extension to Agnews former Crusader and Deliverer underground mines. The infrastructure associated with the previous mining enabled the establishment, in fiscal 2005, of an exploration decline to the Claudius Prospect. Gold Fields deferred making a development decision on the project until fiscal 2007, due to the performance of the Kim underground deposit within the Waroonga complex, which exceeded expectations in fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2006. Assessment of the Claudius Prospect continued during fiscal 2007. A decision to mine a trial parcel of ore from Claudius to confirm the feasibility study assumptions was taken late in fiscal 2007. This project was considered marginal and the ore development and subsequent processing proved this to be the case. As a result, the majority of the exploration drive at Claudius has since ended.
In fiscal 2006, Gold Fields executed an agreement with BMV Properties Pty Ltd, a subsidiary of Breakaway Resources Limited, or Breakaway. The previous joint venture agreements between the parties encompassing the Vivien deposit and the Miranda tenement package were replaced by an agreement in which Gold Fields is to be the registered tenement holder of all of the Vivien ground and the majority of the Miranda ground with all gold rights going to Gold Fields and all base metals rights going to Breakaway. Breakaways base metal rights are subject to Gold Fields right to a 2% royalty on future base metal production on the Miranda tenement. Although the agreement was executed in fiscal 2006, final settlement was dependent on the satisfaction of several outstanding conditions precedent, the principal one being the release of a third-party mortgage held over the tenements for gold and base metal royalties. By the end of fiscal 2006, the agreement of the third-party mortgage holder had been confirmed, but other third-party consents (principally pertaining to access rights) were yet to be obtained. Final settlement took place in the third quarter of fiscal 2007.
During fiscal 2008, exploration at Agnew focused on three main areas: the Waroonga Complex, Turret North and Cinderella. Exploration to extend existing reserves at Waroonga included down-dip extensions to the high-grade Kim South resource and the commencement of drilling into the 450 South prospect which sits south of the Main Lode orebody. Exploration in fiscal 2009 is expected to increase following successful land access campaigns around the lease.
Underground mining is performed by Byrnecut Mining Limited, or Byrnecut. Byrnecut provides employees, consumables and equipment for underground mining activities including drilling, blasting and haulage of the material produced from the mining activities, including both ore and waste. Byrnecut receives fees under the contracts which depend on the type of service being performed and the equipment being used, with adjustments for performance. Under the terms of the agreement, Byrnecut is liable for claims arising from its performance or non-performance and any loss, damage or injury related to the presence of its employees on the sites. Byrnecut is not liable for claims or loss due to the mine owners negligence. Byrnecut is required to ensure that it and any subcontractors have adequate insurance. In fiscal 2007, the terms of a three-year extension to Byrnecuts agreement, to May 2010, were agreed and formal ratification occurred in the first quarter of fiscal 2008.
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Detailed below are the operating and production results at Agnew for the past three fiscal years.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
1,323 | 1,323 | 1,315 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
5.2 | 5.0 | 4.8 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz) |
222 | 212 | 204 | |||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||
Revenues |
116.1 | 136.3 | 169.0 | |||
Total production costs(1)(2) |
72.4 | 98.2 | 109.6 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
59.7 | 84.7 | 84.4 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
56.4 | 51.6 | 84.6 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($) |
||||||
Total production costs |
326 | 462 | 538 | |||
Total cash costs |
268 | 399 | 414 | |||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($)(5) |
445 | 487 | 606 |
Notes:
(1) | For purposes of allocating production costs between St. Ives and Agnew, the consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields notional cash expenditure to its production costs for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, see Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCostsNotional Cash Expenditure. |
In fiscal 2008, 1.3 million tons of ore were processed and 0.2 million ounces of gold were produced. Tons processed were similar to those in fiscal 2007 while gold production was lower than in fiscal 2007 due to the decline in grade which occurred on the depletion of Songvang high grade stockpiles in February 2008. Total cash costs per ounce increased during fiscal 2008, as a result of the diminished grade coupled with increases in costs including salaries, the underground mining contract and accommodation costs in the township of Leinster.
In fiscal 2007, 1.3 million tons of ore were processed and 0.2 million ounces of gold were produced. Tons processed were the same as in fiscal 2006 and gold production was slightly lower than in fiscal 2006 due to the treatment of lower grade ores. Total cash costs increased during fiscal 2007, as the contribution from the higher cost Songvang open pit increased and open pit mining costs increased as the mine progressed into deeper and harder portions of the deposit.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Agnew and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Agnew, Agnews June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 0.615 million ounces will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2012. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
Agnew is engaged in underground mining and limited production stockpile surface mining and is thus subject to all of the underground and surface mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. The primary safety risk at
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Agnew is falls of ground at the underground operations, which is addressed through the use of ground support, backfilling of open voids and sequencing of mine operations to improve overall stability of the ground. There were no fatalities at Agnew in fiscal 2006, 2007, 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009. The serious injury frequency rate for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 0.0, 0.0 and 0.0 serious injuries per million hours worked, respectively. Agnew deploys a health and safety management system that conforms to the requirements of OHSAS 18001. The mine also has an environmental management system that is certified to the ISO 14001 standard. There were no strikes or material work stoppages at Agnew in fiscal 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009.
Processing
All processing at Agnew is provided by a single plant. The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and the metallurgical recovery factor during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 for the plant:
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for the year ended June 30, 2008 |
Approximate recovery factor for the year ended June 30, 2008(2) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
Main Plant |
1986 | 2-stage ball milling | CIP treatment | 100,000 | 110,000 | 93 | % |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately U.S.$24 million on capital expenditures at Agnew in fiscal 2008, primarily on further development of the Kim South and Main Lode underground mines and employee accommodations. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately U.S.$34 million for capital expenditures at Agnew for fiscal 2009, primarily for exploration and further development of the Kim underground mine and employee accommodations.
Venezuela Operation
On November 30, 2007, Gold Fields disposed of its assets in Venezuela to Rusoro Mining Ltd., or Rusoro, for a total consideration of U.S.$413 million.
Gold Fields received U.S.$180 million in cash and 140 million newly-issued Rusoro shares, which at the time of sale represented approximately 37% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro and currently represents 36.2% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro. Pursuant to the transaction, Rusoro acquired Gold Fields stake in the Choco 10 gold mine, as well as the contiguous mineral rights owned by Gold Fields. Gold Fields owned its 95% interest in the Choco 10 mine through its shareholding in Promotora Minera de Guayana (PMG) S.A., or PMG. PMG was originally a joint venture company formed between Promotora Minera de Venezuela, S.A., or Promiven (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields until the sale), and CVGFerrominera Orinoco, C.A., or FMO, a subsidiary of Corporación Venezolana de Guayana, or CVG, a governmental development entity for the Guayana region.
The properties held through PMG include Choco 10, Choco 4, Bochinche B1 and B2 and Bochinche Zero, which were 95% owned by Gold Fields. Other exploration properties, which include Choco 1, 2, 6, 9, 12 and 13 and Increible 16, were wholly-owned by Gold Fields and held through various other Venezuelan subsidiaries.
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Choco 10
Introduction
The Choco 10 mine is located in the south-eastern part of Venezuela in the Bolivar state, approximately 15 kilometers west of the town of El Callao. The mine is located on an exploitation project which amalgamates the Choco 10 and Choco 4 concessions. Choco 10 operates under a mining lease which is approximately 2,100 hectares. The major industrial city of Puerto Ordaz is located 190 kilometers northwest of El Callao and is linked to the mine by paved road. Venezuela has a good road infrastructure, although close to the mine area road conditions have been deteriorating during the last 15 years. Under the terms of its exploitation certificate Gold Fields was obligated to maintain a portion of the access road for the Choco 10 mine.
The Choco 10 mine commenced production in August 2005. Operations consisted of open pit mining and a processing plant comprising conventional comminution and carbon-in-pulp processing. The Choco 10 mine uses typical open pit mining methods of drilling, blasting, loading and hauling. Gold Fields operated two pits within the Choco 10 concession, Pisolita and Rosika-Coacia. The pits are located two to three kilometers from the main plant.
The Choco 10 mine is connected to the main electricity grid that transmits energy from Venezuela to Brazil. A rain-dependent reservoir supplies water for use at the mine, which is supplemented through a well field that was being developed and commissioned while Gold Fields owned the mine. For the period beginning July 1, 2007 and ended November 30, 2007, the date on which the sale agreement was executed, the Choco 10 mine produced approximately 0.03 million ounces of gold.
History
Mining in the area of the Choco 10 concession dates back to 1897, when a British company operated the historic Concordia mine located two kilometers from the current Choco 10 operation. Modern exploration commenced with Promivens 1992 concession for Choco 10. The mine was commissioned in April 2005 and operations started in August of the same year.
Geology
Gold mineralization is typical of Archaean-Proterozoic orogenic gold deposits. The deposit is hosted in the Early Proterozoic sequence of the Pastora Greenstone Belt of the Guiana Shield. The stratigraphy comprises a tholeiitic to calc-alkaline volcanic package, overlain by volcaniclastic and epiclastic rocks intruded by gabbroic sills. The rock package has been subjected to intense tropical weathering. Mineralization is hosted in a series of structurally controlled quartz-vein shear lodes which dominantly strike north-south and northeast-southwest. High-grade gold mineralization occurs with pyrite, carbonate, strong silicification and quartz-veining in low-strain zones of deformation typically associated with folding and chaotic foliations.
Mining
Choco 10 presented no unusual operational challenges beyond those faced at most open pit mining operations. The principal operational challenges were improving the processing plant availability and throughput, although substantial improvements were made. Alternative water sources for processing plant usage were developed and improvements were made in process water recovery implemented.
Gold Fields owned its own fleet of mining equipment which it acquired as part of the Bolivar transaction. The fleet experienced low mechanical availability due mainly to the lack of critical spares parts and the long lead time associated with procurement. A mining contractor was brought in to assist in meeting the required tonnage movement.
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Detailed below are the operating and production results at Choco 10 the four-month period from March 1, 2006 to June 30, 2006 (the period of Gold Fields ownership of the mine in fiscal 2006), for fiscal 2007 and for the period beginning July 1, 2007 and ended November 30, 2007.
Four months ended June 30, 2006 |
Year ended June 30, 2007 |
Period ended November 30, 2007 | ||||
Production |
||||||
Tons (000) |
454 | 1,001 | 761 | |||
Recovered grade (g/t) |
1.7 | 1.7 | 1.4 | |||
Gold produced (000 oz)(1) |
25 | 55 | 34 | |||
Results of operations ($ million) |
||||||
Revenues |
16.9 | 36.0 | 41.2 | |||
Total production costs(2) |
11.3 | 36.7 | 24.1 | |||
Total cash costs(3) |
8.3 | 31.3 | 24.1 | |||
Cash profit(4) |
8.6 | 4.7 | 17.1 | |||
Cost per ounce of gold ($)(5) |
||||||
Total production costs |
399 | 659 | 726 | |||
Total cash costs |
293 | 562 | 726 |
Notes:
(1) | In fiscal 2006, production was reported from March 1, 2006, the date on which Gold Fields acquired the mine, and for this period 0.024 million ounces of gold were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Venezuelan operation. In fiscal 2007, 0.052 million ounces of gold were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Venezuelan operation. In fiscal 2008, production was reported from July 1, 2007 until November 30, 2007, the date of sale of the mine to Rusoro, and for this period 0.032 million ounces of gold were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Venezuelan operation. |
(2) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total production costs to production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
(3) | For a reconciliation of Gold Fields total cash costs to production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(4) | Cash profit represents revenues less total cash costs. |
(5) | Calculated based on ounces of gold sold. |
Choco 10 engaged in open pit and production stockpile surface mining and was thus subject to all of the surface mining risks discussed in Risk Factors. Although surface mining generally is less dangerous than underground mining, serious and even fatal accidents do still occasionally occur. Choco 10 did not have any fatal injuries in fiscal 2006, fiscal 2007 or in fiscal 2008 while it was owned by Gold Fields. Because Gold Fields took over operation of the mine late in fiscal 2006, it was not able to generate fiscal year accident frequency rates on a basis comparable to those provided for Gold Fields other operations for fiscal 2006 or 2005. The serious injury frequency rate for fiscal 2008 while the mine was owned by Gold Fields was 2.0 serious injuries per million hours worked.
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Processing
All processing at Choco 10 was provided by a single plant. The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, as well as average tons milled per month and metallurgical recovery factor during the period beginning July 1, 2007 and ended November 30, 2007 for the plant:
Processing Techniques |
|||||||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution |
Treatment |
Capacity(1) | Average milled for the period ended November 30, 2007 |
Approximate recovery factor for the period ended November 30, 2007(2) |
|||||||
(tons/month) | (tons/month) | ||||||||||||
Choco 10 Plant |
2005 | Single stage crushing with SAG and ball milling | CIP treatment | 160,000 | 152,200 | 83.4 | % |
Notes:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
(2) | Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percent. |
Choco 10 ore was processed using a conventional SAG-ball milling system and CIP circuit plant. The plant was commissioned in 2005. During the period of ownership by Gold Fields it became apparent that modifications and improvements were required to raise the throughput to the nameplate throughput consistently and safely, which Gold Fields undertook. At the time of sale, production at Choco 10 was at nameplate capacity of 160,000 tons per month on a consistent basis.
Capital Expenditure
Prior to the execution of the sale of Choco 10 on November 30, 2007, Gold Fields spent approximately $7.4 million on capital expenditures at Choco 10 in fiscal 2008, primarily on water related projects, additional mining equipment and mine exploration.
Peru Operation
Gold Fields owns a 92% voting interest (80.7% economic interest) in the Cerro Corona Project through its shareholding in Gold Fields La Cima S.A., or La Cima.
Cerro Corona Project
Introduction
The Cerro Corona Project became operational the first quarter of fiscal 2009. It forms part of a porphyry copper-gold deposit situated within the Hualgayoc Mining District in northern Peru. It is located in the highest part of the Western Cordillera of the Andes, in northern Peru, close to the headwaters of the Atlantic continental basin. It lies approximately 90 kilometers by road north of the Department of Cajamarcas capital city and near the village of Hualgayoc. Access to the Cerro Corona Project from Cajamarca is by means of two roads, one from Cajamarca to the Yanacocha Mine (45 kilometers), and then from Yanacocha to the village of Hualgayoc and the town of Bambamarca (45 kilometers). Cerro Coronas electricity is supplied by the local power supplier. Cerro Coronas water requirements are provided primarily by retention of rainfall and water is continuously recycled. As of June 30, 2008, Cerro Corona had approximately 400 employees on its payroll.
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History
In December 2003, Gold Fields, through a subsidiary, signed a definitive agreement to purchase an 80.72% economic and 92% voting interest in the Cerro Corona Project from a Peruvian family-owned company, Sociedad Minera Corona S.A., or SMC. The agreement called for a reorganization whereby the assets of the Cerro Corona Project were transferred to La Cima, in July 2004. Following approval of an environmental impact assessment on December 2, 2005, Gold Fields completed the purchase of the 92% voting interest (80.7% economic interest) in La Cima in January 2006, for a total consideration of $40.5 million. La Cima subsequently acquired all requisite additional permits to construct the mine and construction commenced in May 2006.
Geology
The Cerro Corona gold-copper deposit is hosted by a 600- to 700-metre diameter sub-vertical cylindrical-shaped quartz diorite porphyry stock emplaced into mid-Cretaceous limestone and marls. Within the porphyry, gold-copper mineralization is primarily hosted by extensive zones of stockwork veining. There are at least two phases of diorite placement, only one of which is mineralized. The non-mineralized diorite is generally regarded as the last phase, and is referred to as barren core. The latest re-modeling suggests that the Cerro Corona porphyry is probably comprised of four or five satellite stocks with the last two being barren The intrusive has been emplaced at the intersection of Andean-parallel and Andeannormal (transandean) structures. Supergene oxidation and leaching processes at Cerro Corona have led to the development of a weak to moderate copper enrichment blanket, allowing for the subdivision of the deposit, from the surface downward, into an oxide zone, a mixed oxide-sulphide zone, a secondary enriched (supergene) sulphide zone and a primary (hypogene) sulphide zone.
Mining
The Cerro Corona deposit will be mined by conventional, bulk surface mining methods. The Cerro Corona Project involves a single surface mine. This ore will be treated in a conventional milling and sulphide flotation concentrator capable of treating 6.2 million tons per annum of ore and producing between 100,000 and 140,000 tons per annum of copper and gold containing concentrate, which will be treated at smelters in Japan, Korea and Europe. At June 30, 2008, the Cerro Corona Project had attributable reserves of approximately 3.017 million ounces of gold and 1.061 million pounds of copper.
Following completion of a definitive cost and schedule estimate in January 2007, the capital construction costs for the Cerro Corona Project was estimated at approximately U.S.$343 million as at January 2007 and the treatment of ore was scheduled to commence early in the third quarter of fiscal 2008. However, through the first half of fiscal 2007, progress on the TMF and the later stages of erection of the concentrator have lagged behind schedule and cost escalations of various aspects of this project have been experienced. On November 15, 2007, La Cima announced a four-month delay and a revised capital forecast for the Cerro Corona Project, amounting to U.S.$421 million, which included an additional contingency of U.S.$20 million, and the scheduled commencement of the treatment of ore was delayed until the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008. In August 2008, La Cima announced a further revised capital forecast for the Cerro Corona Project amounting to U.S.$550 million, with the first shipment of concentrate scheduled for September 2008. There are four primary causes of the increase in construction costs:
| the delay in the completion of the Project which attracts significant additional costs in terms of management and engineering personnel, as well as attendant indirect or support costs such as the maintenance of the remote onsite camp and other services such as transportation and meals; |
| an increase in the construction costs for the TMF due to higher unit rates for mining and crushing of construction materials; |
| poor ground conditions encountered in the construction of the various facility platforms as well as mine and access road construction which has necessitated additional cut and fill activities to ensure the stability of the various structures; and |
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| continued price escalation of commodity based products, such as electrical cabling and power lines as well as the piping and mechanical and electrical components of the tailing management systems. |
The mine is expected to employ a total of 550 personnel, consisting of approximately 300 employees with the remainder consisting of contractors. The single largest contractor employer will be Minera San Martin. Minera San Martin will carry out all mining activities under the direction of the La Cima mining and geology department. All mine planning, excavation and head grade and engineering specifications to meet the required design performance through the life of mine will be directly managed by La Cima personnel. Other contractors will provide camp administration and catering, security and laboratory operations.
Assuming that Gold Fields does not increase or decrease reserves estimates at Cerro Corona and that there are no changes to the current mine plan at Cerro Corona, Cerro Coronas June 30, 2008 proven and probable reserves of 3.017 million ounces of gold and 1,061 million pounds of copper (of which, 2.625 million ounces of gold and 856 million pounds of copper were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Peru operation) will be sufficient to maintain production through approximately fiscal 2024. However, as discussed earlier in Risk Factors and Mine Planning and Management, there are numerous factors which can affect reserve estimates and the mine plan, which could thus materially change the life of mine.
The Cerro Corona mine involves open pit mining, and is thus subject to all of the risks associated with open pit mining discussed in Risk Factors. Although surface mining generally is less dangerous than underground mining, serious and even fatal accidents do still occasionally occur.
There was one fatality at Cerro Corona in fiscal 2008 and none to date in fiscal 2009. The serious injury frequency rate at Cerro Corona for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 0.4, 0.1 and 0.0 serious injuries for every million hours worked, respectively. Cerro Corona has implemented a health and safety management system in accordance with the Gold Fields Full Compliance Health and Safety Management System and in accordance with the OHSAS 18001. The environmental management system implementation started in June 2008. Certification to the ISO 14001-2004 standard is expected in January 2009.
Currently, La Cimas employees at the mine are not unionized and there were no strikes in fiscal 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009. However, road access to the mine has been blocked on occasion by members of local communities. No blockades or demonstrations occurred during fiscal 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009.
Over the last few years Peru has seen many cases of conflict and dissention between local communities and mining operations and mining projects, stemming largely from the communities desire for greater participation in the economic benefits of these mining projects. The Cerro Corona project has undertaken extensive community consultation and negotiation since 2003 through the land purchase and permitting process to achieve agreement with local communities on various aspects such as training, levels of employment from local communities, during construction and operations, and development assistance from the project. Through the construction phase, La Cima has carefully delivered on these agreements.
Although Gold Fields believes that over time the Cerro Corona Project has generated strong community relationships, there have been instances of conflict with the local communities. The most significant occurred in October 2006 when road access to the project site was blockaded for three weeks by some members of the local community protesting over levels of local employment and the use of community based contracting companies by the Cerro Corona Project. The blockade did not enjoy the support of all community members. The local support, coupled with continuous dialogue with Peruvian ministry officials, assisted in achieving the lifting of the blockade which, nonetheless, caused in excess of three weeks lost construction time on site. Following lifting of the blockade the community contractor selection, communication, contracting and certification processes were enhanced while La Cima also developed extensive capacity in its project management team to manage and support these contractors.
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Processing
The following table sets forth year commissioned, processing techniques and processing capacity per month, for the processing plant at Cerro Corona:
Processing Techniques | ||||||||
Plant |
Year commissioned |
Comminution phase |
Treatment phase |
Capacity(1) | ||||
(tons/month) | ||||||||
Processing Plant |
2008 | SAG/ball milling | Conventional sulphide flotation circuit |
510,000 |
Note:
(1) | Nameplate capacity as designed. Plant/Mill nameplate capacities are based on a number of operating assumptions, including assumptions regarding the blend of soft and hard ores processed, that can change and which may result in an increased level of throughput over and above the designed nameplate capacity. |
Gold Fields has a concentrate storage warehouse at the port of Salaverry in Trujillo city, approximately 400 kilometers from Cerro Corona. Concentrate is shipped from the Salaverry port in bulk carrier vessels. Gold Fields entered into a five-year contract with Transporters Carranza in the third quarter of fiscal 2008 pursuant to which it handles the logistics of trucking concentrate from the mine to the warehouse and then transferring it to the ships.
Capital Expenditure
Gold Fields spent approximately U.S.$348 million on capital expenditures at Cerro Corona in fiscal 2008, primarily on engineering services for the construction of a processing plant and site development, including tailing dam works, and a concentrate storage warehouse and ship loading facility at the Salaverry port. Gold Fields has budgeted approximately U.S.$112 million for capital expenditures at Cerro Corona for fiscal 2009, consisting of approximately U.S.$42 million on project expenditure primarily to complete construction of the processing plant and U.S.$70 million on life of mine capital primarily on ongoing tailings facilities.
Gold Fields holds a diverse portfolio of active gold exploration projects and assets in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australasia. In addition, Gold Fields has in place a number of exploration projects in connection with mineral rights it holds which are adjacent to its active mining operations and advanced exploration projects in South Africa, Ghana, Peru and Australia. Gold Fields exploration program is run out of two exploration hubs in Perth, Western Australia, and Denver, Colorado. The company also has offices in Santiago, Chile; Lima, Peru; Vancouver, Canada and Accra, Ghana. As of June 30, 2008, Gold Fields exploration team included 52 full-time and contract geoscientists, who provide the key exploration capability in the regions of focus around the world.
Gold Fields exploration strategy is based on a balanced approach to projects, which permits it to consider a project at any stage of development, from initial drill target definition in grassroots stage projects through to full feasibility study phase. Gold Fields focuses its exploration activities on finding quality, high margin mineral assets with potential for low-cost extraction of gold or platinum group metals. When determining whether it will proceed with a project, Gold Fields weighs a variety of cost factors, including the cost of acquiring the project, expected cash costs of production, costs of capital and overhead costs, against the likely returns for the project and the projects strategic importance in terms of geographic diversification and production profiles. With respect to exploration projects which are adjacent to Gold Fields existing mining operations, Gold Fields also considers possible operating synergies which can be realized, for example, by sharing processing plants and other infrastructure, which has a knock-on effect with regard to minimum project size criteria.
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Gold Fields has successfully expanded its exploration activities in countries and regions where it has limited experience by means of equity investments in, and strategic alliances with, junior mining partners that are already operating in the relevant region with the requisite operating experience and in some cases mining permits and approvals. Gold Fields has historically applied this strategy to exploration projects in Burkina Faso, China, the Dominican Republic, Kyrgyzstan and Slovakia, among others.
Generally, Gold Fields budgets to spend $15 to $20 per ounce of gold it produces on greenfield exploration (distinct from brownfield exploration which refers to exploration around Gold Fields mine sites), provided the opportunities offered warrant such expenditure. At high acquisition prices for gold prospects, the universe of gold prospects that may offer positive returns is limited and exploration efforts are carefully selected with strict economic criteria in mind.
Owing to the shortage of large, viable gold projects, Gold Fields has lowered its size selection criteria compared to previous years. To be considered by Gold Fields, generally an exploration project must have the potential to meet certain target criteria (which vary depending on other strategic objectives and the quality of the project): the potential for a minimum of 2,000,000 (formerly 5,000,000) ounces of reserves; production rates in the range of 200,000 (formerly 500,000) gold equivalent ounces per year; and a real cash return at long-term gold prices that Gold Fields models conservatively. Gold Fields is prepared to consider projects with a higher risk profile if it believes they will offer superior returns. This position could result in consideration of additional multi-commodity targets such as copper-gold deposits or gold-silver type deposits.
Outside South Africa, the three key regions of West Africa, Australasia and South America have been identified as containing prospective emerging gold and mineral belts with medium to long term potential and where Gold Fields has existing operational capabilities. The objective of Gold Fields presence is to grow each of these and to develop one million ounce per annum production profiles in each region. Emphasis is placed on reviewing non-geological aspects of prospective projects, such as social, political, environmental and commercial risks, ensuring that an appropriate risk versus reward tradeoff analysis is factored into the decision. In appropriate circumstances, Gold Fields will also consider opportunities outside its key regions of focus.
Gold Fields divides the different phases of an exploration targets development into what it refers to as the resource triangle. An exploration project normally comprises several distinct exploration targets and the resource triangle provides for the progression of the exploration targets in five stages: (1) target definition, (2) initial drilling, (3) advanced drilling, (4) resource development and (5) bankable feasibility study. To be successful, exploration targets need to be drill tested and moved up to the next exploration phase, or be dropped. There is, therefore, a renewed focus on turning over targets as quickly and as effectively as possible by drill testing and also progressing targets in a timely manner. Greenfield exploration is generated by reviewing and ranking the most prospective terrains across the world and exploration areas are selected after considering country risk and strategic fit. Gold Fields has established a Project Generation Team to conduct prospective gold evaluations and develop new project areas with targets for exploration. Each exploration region continuously monitors and reviews projects, targeting projects at all stages of development. Once a project reaches the feasibility stage, a team from Gold Fields corporate development office evaluates the project, providing feedback regarding the projects strategic merits and implications.
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Gold Fields Greenfield Exploration Targets
The table below provides a breakdown of the number of targets in Gold Fields three main exploration regions for each of the five stages of the resource triangle as of June 30, 2008. The table does not include exploration projects on sites adjacent to Gold Fields existing operations in South Africa, Ghana, Australia and Peru.
Phase |
Eurasia and Africa |
Australasia | The Americas | |||
Bankable Feasibility Study |
1 | | | |||
Resource Development |
| | | |||
Advanced Drilling |
1 | 1 | | |||
Initial Drilling |
8 | 8 | 2 | |||
Target Definition |
23 | 10 | 1 |
Gold Fields spent $39.8 million on greenfield exploration projects not adjacent to its mining operations and $14.1 million on equity investments in exploration related, third party companies (not including investments in Sino Gold) during fiscal 2008. Gold Fields total exploration budget for greenfields projects for fiscal 2009 is approximately $75 million, including for equity investments, which will be evaluated as identified throughout the year.
At the Mt Carlton joint venture in northeast Queensland, Australia, Gold Fields is earning a 51% stake in eight exploration tenements owned by Conquest Mining Limited, surrounding Conquests Silver Hill discovery. Exploration drilling includes drilling geophysics anomaly coincident with a zoned soil geochemical anomaly at the Powerline Target. At the Capsize Target, a follow-up geophysics survey has better defined drill targets surrounding the alteration and mineralization intersected in previous scout drilling. Four holes have been planned to test an east-west trending anomaly located immediately north of the previously drilled scout holes which returned anomalous results.
At the Clancy joint ventures in New South Wales, Australia, where Gold Fields is earning into an 80% interest in three project areas from Clancy Exploration Ltd, exploration included ground geophysical surveys which defined anomalies consistent with porphyry copper-molybdenum-gold mineralization analogous to Newcrests nearby Cadia and Ridgeway Mines. At the Eurowie Target, the initial diamond drill hole intersected altered mineralized rocks. A second hole intersected chalcopyrite-bearing quartz-carbonate veins and hydrothermal breccias within a broad halo of pyrite and hematite (assays are pending). Two diamond drill holes completed at the Keston and Purseglove Targets respectively cut intervals of strong magnetite and hematite alteration, zones of quartz and carbonate veining and disseminated pyrite (assays are pending).
At the 51% owned Sankarani joint venture with Glencar Mining plc in south-western Mali, field work has resumed after the wet season. The program will advance six target areas (Bada, Fie, FR14, BM East, Sindo, Selen 1) from target definition to the initial drilling and complete initial drilling on four targets (Bokoro Main West and East, Fingouana, Sanioumale West and East and Kabaya).
Gold Fields and Orsu Metals Corporation are finalizing a joint venture agreement on the Talas joint venture in Kyrgyzstan which will grant Gold Fields the right to earn-in up to a 70% interest. An aggressive exploration program is underway. Ongoing activities include diamond drilling, road and drill platform construction, metallurgical testing, soil and trench sampling and ground geophysical surveys (all assay results are pending).
Essakane Project
On November 26, 2007, Gold Fields sold its 60% stake in the Essakane project to Orezone Resources Inc. See History.
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Arctic Platinum Project
The Arctic Platinum Project, or APP, is located approximately 60 kilometers south of the city of Rovaniemi in northern Finland. The APP is assessing two potential surface mineable deposits called Konttijarvi and Ahmavaara, which are referred to as the Suhanko Project. The Konttijarvi and Ahmavaara deposits are found in the Konttijarvi-Suhanko Intrusion, which forms part of the Portimo mafic layered complex situated in northern Finland. Gold Fields completed a feasibility study for the Suhanko Project in the third quarter of fiscal 2005. Based on the results of the study, including a lower than expected mine head grade, prevailing metal market conditions and significant euro currency strengthening, Gold Fields decided to postpone the development of a large-scale surface mining complex and to continue investigations into smaller scale, high-margin projects. Exploration drilling at Konttijarvi and Ahmavaara continued until March 2005.
On October 18, 2005, Gold Fields announced that it had entered into a letter of intent with North American Palladium Limited, or NAP, a Canadian platinum metals group producer, to form a joint venture to further explore mining properties and develop a mine at the APP.
On March 24, 2006, an Acquisition and Framework Agreement, or Acquisition Agreement, was entered into between NAP, Gold Fields Exploration BV, Gold Fields Finland Oy and North American Palladium Finland Oy. The Acquisition Agreement took effect from April 13, 2006 and, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Acquisition Agreement, a Service Agreement was also entered into between Gold Fields Arctic Platinum Oy, NAP and North American Palladium Arctic Services Oy on March 24, 2006, pursuant to which NAP provides services to the APP.
The Acquisition Agreement granted NAP an option to acquire up to a 60% undivided interest in the APP, including the Suhanko, SJ Reef and SK Reef mining properties and claims located south of Rovaniemi, Finland upon satisfaction of certain conditions on or before August 31, 2008. During the option period NAP was the operator with the responsibility to manage and fund the project.
On October 31, 2006, NAP announced the results of the first phase of drilling on the Narkaus (SK) Project, which is part of the APP and comprises three target areas: (i) Kuohunki, (ii) Nutturalampi and (iii) Siika Kama. These areas are being evaluated for their accretive potential and positive impact on the main project at Suhanko.
The Suhanko Project is located within 20 kilometers of these deposits and is the subject of ongoing pre-feasibility work. On November 30, 2006, the Environmental Permit Authority of Northern Finland made an approving statement regarding the environmental impact assessment program on the effects of the mining project in Narkaus. On December 21, 2006, Gold Fields Arctic Platinum Oy received a mining license certificate for the Suhanko Project.
NAPs Phase One program, which began in February 2006, comprised a total of 53 diamond drill holes for 10,917 meters at Narkaus, a total of 12 holes for 1,797 meters at Penikat and a total of two holes for 99 meters in Vaaralampi, each of which are prospective deposits.
Aker Kvaerner completed a scoping study on the Suhanko Project in October 2007. The study indicated that the mineral resources could potentially support a 20-year mine life at 7.5 million tons per annum. Based on positive results of the scoping study NAP proceeded into the feasibility study phase. NAP retained Aker Kvaerner to prepare a definitive feasibility study for the Suhanko Project and commissioned Micon International Co Limited to conduct the mineral resource and mineral reserve estimates, the surface mine designs and optimization. The study included the results of the NAP Phase Two drilling comprising a total of 89 holes for 12,693 meters at Suhanko. The definitive feasibility study was discontinued in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.
On September 10, 2008, NAP declined to exercise its right to acquire 60% of the APP. Therefore, the APP has reverted to Gold Fields.
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See also Additional InformationMaterial ContractsArctic Platinum Project.
Sino Gold Alliance
In November 2006, Gold Fields wholly-owned subsidiary Gold Fields Australasia BVI, or GF Australasia, entered into an alliance, or the Alliance, with Sino Gold Mining Limited, or Sino Gold, for the purposes of exploring and developing geological belts within the Peoples Republic of China, or PRC. Gold Fields has agreed that it can undertake activities in the PRC only through the Alliance while the Alliance remains in place.
The Alliance historically adopted a rule of fives approach, seeking to identify deposits that would host at least five million ounces of gold or gold equivalent with annual production capability of 500,000 ounces of gold or gold equivalent. Once an Alliance asset is identified, the parties jointly fund exploration costs with Sino Gold retaining management control until the delineation of a three million ounce resource, after which Gold Fields can take control of the underlying project.
During fiscal 2008, the focus of the Alliance was broadened to identify deposits hosting at least three million ounces of gold or gold equivalent with an annual production capability of 300,000 ounces of gold or gold equivalent. The agreement to broaden the Alliances focus formed part of the commercial arrangements surrounding Gold Fields agreement to increase its shareholding position in Sino Gold to 19.9%. During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields, through GF Australasia, entered into a private placement agreement with Sino Gold as well as fully participating in Sino Golds accelerated renounceable entitlements offer. Gold Fields spent approximately U.S.$90.2 million in acquiring shares in the private placement investment, $77.8 million of which was accounted for in fiscal 2008 with the balance of $12.4 million to be accounted for in fiscal 2009. In addition to the $77.8 million private placement accounted for in fiscal 2008, Gold Fields invested an additional $31.6 million into Sino Gold resulting in a total investment of $109.4 million in fiscal 2008. As a result, Gold Fields, through GF Australasia, is the single largest shareholder of Sino Gold.
The Alliances historical rule of fives has not been completely replaced by the new rule of threes. The Alliance now distinguishes between three principal types of geographic area: excluded areas; project areas; and the broader PRC area. The Alliance does not apply to, and does not entitle Gold Fields to a direct interest in, Sino Golds operations at White Mountain, Jinfeng, Eastern Dragon, Sanjianfang and Beyinhar (including a 10 kilometer buffer zone around these projects). These areas are referred to as excluded areas. The Alliances historical rule of fives focus continues to apply to the areas which fall within a 40 kilometer buffer zone surrounding each excluded area, referred to as project areas. The new rule of threes applies to all other parts of the PRC that are outside the excluded and project areas and which is known as the broader PRC area.
There has also been a commensurate change in the point at which Gold Fields may move to take control of development of an underlying project. In relation to project areas, Gold Fields may take control only once a three million ounce resource is defined. In relation to deposits within the broader PRC area, however, this threshold has been reduced to 1.8 million ounces.
The Alliance is due to expire on November 22, 2009. If it is not extended, Gold Fields will be precluded from undertaking activities in the PRC until at least May 22, 2010.
Near Mine Exploration
At Cerro Corona in Peru, district exploration continues under a 50:50 joint venture with Buenaventura Mining Company, Inc. An airborne geophysical survey has been tendered and will be flown early in the December quarter. At the Titan-Arabe Target, negotiations are continuing with the local communities to gain drilling access to this attractive copper-gold anomaly. It is hoped that drilling can commence in the second quarter of fiscal 2009.
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At the end of calendar 2002, Gold Fields initiated the Living Gold project, an export-oriented business which produces roses as part of the South African cut-flower industry. The rationale was to establish a job-creating, community investment project in the Carletonville area in which Gold Fields Driefontein mine operates. Living Gold involves a partnership with the Industrial Development Corporation, which owns 35% of the company. In fiscal 2008, Living Gold produced approximately 18.5 million stems and had revenue of approximately R18.8 million ($2.35 million).
On August 21, 2008, Gold Fields Operations Limited, formerly known as Western Areas Limited, or WAL, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields, received a summons from R&E, and African Strategic Investment (Holdings) Limited. The summons claims that during the period that WAL was under the control of Brett Kebble, Roger Kebble and others, WAL was allegedly part of a scam whereby JCI Limited unlawfully disposed of shares owned by R&E in Randgold Resources Limited and Afrikander Lease Limited, now known as Uranium One. For further information, see Legal Proceedings.
On September 10, 2008 Gold Fields announced that the Arctic Platinum Project in Finland had reverted to Gold Fields after North American Palladium Limited, a Canadian platinum metals group producer, had declined to follow its rights in terms of a Letter of Intent entered into between the parties and announced on October 18, 2005 and an Acquisition and Framework Agreement subsequently entered into between the parties. See Operating Review and ProspectsRecent DevelopmentsReversion of Arctic Platinum Project to Gold Fields.
On October 2, 2008, Gold Fields entered into an agreement with Bateman Engineering N.V., or Bateman Engineering, to sell its Biox® Technology Business to Bateman Engineering for a net cash consideration of U.S.$8.8 million. The Biox® business is the owner of a proprietary and patented technology, known as the Biox® process, which is used for the pretreatment of refractory ores and concentrates prior to gold recovery through conventional cyanide leaching techniques. Included in the sale is a second technology called ASTER (Activated Sludge Tailings Effluent Remediation), currently in development, for the efficient removal of thiocyanate and cyanide from leach solutions. Gold Fields chose to dispose of this business as it does not form part of its core business activities. The transaction is conditional, among other things, upon the approval of the South African Reserve Bank.
As part of the proceeds on disposal of its assets in Venezuela on November 30, 2007, Gold Fields received 140 million shares in Rusoro, a junior gold producer listed on the TSX Venture Exchange. Gold Fields accounts for its 36% investment under the equity method and, due to the decrease in market value of the investment since acquisition, also recorded an impairment of $61.3 million on June 30, 2008. See Operating Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsYear ended June 30, 2008 and 2007Impairment of Investment in Equity Investee. Subsequent to year-end, the market value of the investment in Rusoro continued to decline, and amounted to $36.2 million on November 14, 2008. This represents a further decrease of $129.5 million in the market value of the investment.
Gold Fields holds insurance policies providing coverage for general liability, accidental loss or damage to its property, business interruption in the form of fixed operating costs or standing charges, material damage and other losses, some of which are insured, through a captive insurance company domiciled in Gibraltar. Gold Fields insurance program does not insure all potential losses associated with its operations as some insurance premiums might be considered to be economically unacceptable, or the risk considered too remote to insure or insurance cover is not available in the global insurance markets. Should an event occur for which there is no or limited insurance cover, this could affect Gold Fields cash flows and profitability.
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Management believes that the scope and amounts of coverage of its insurance policies are adequate, taking into account the probability and potential severity of each identified risk, and in accordance with customary practice for a gold mining company of its size with multinational operations. See Risk FactorsGold Fields insurance coverage may prove inadequate to satisfy potential claims.
Environmental and Regulatory Matters
South Africa
Environmental
Gold Fields South African operations are subject to various laws relating to the protection of the environment. South Africas Constitution grants the people of South Africa the right to an environment that is not harmful to human health or well-being and to protection of that environment for the benefit of present and future generations through reasonable legislative and other measures. The Constitution and the National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1988 grant legal standing to a wide range of people and interest groups to bring legal proceedings to enforce their environmental rights, which are enforceable against private entities as well as the South African government.
South African environmental legislation commonly requires businesses whose operations may have an impact on the environment to obtain permits and authorizations for those operations. The applicable environmental legislation also imposes general compliance requirements and incorporates the polluter pays principle. Under the terms of the 2002 Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Act, or MPRDA, all prospecting and mining operations are to be conducted according to an environmental management plan which must be approved by the Department of Minerals and Energy and it makes express provision for directors liability in circumstances when environmental harm arises pursuant to mining operations. See Mineral Rights.
South African mining companies are required by law to undertake rehabilitation works as part of their ongoing operations in accordance with an approved environmental management plan. In addition, during the operational life of the mine they must provide for the cost of mine closure and post-closure rehabilitation and monitoring once mining operations cease. Gold Fields funds these environmental rehabilitation costs by making contributions into an environmental trust fund. The trust fund system enables payments to be made in a tax-efficient way, while providing comfort to the regulators that the operator has the means to restore any mine after operations have ceased. As of September 30, 2008, Gold Fields had contributed more than Rand 745 million, including accrued interest, to the fund. Gold Fields has implemented environmental management systems in compliance with ISO 14001 throughout its operations in South Africa, and has received full certification under ISO 14000 for all surface portions of its South African operations. South Deep is in the process of implementing an EMS that is ISO14001 compliant, with certification expected during calendar 2008.
In addition, Gold Fields became a signatory to the International Cyanide Management Code, or Cyanide Code, on November 3, 2005, along with nine gold companies and five cyanide manufacturers. All of Gold Fields operations, including the South African operations, are committed to complying with the Cyanide Code. The implementation structure of the Cyanide Code allows the operations up to three years to have independent, third-party audits conducted to evaluate compliance status.
Under the National Water Act all water in the hydrological cycle is the property of the State held in trust for the people of South Africa and all water users have been required to re-register their water uses. In addition, the National Water Act governs waste water and waste discharge into water resources. Gold Fields is lawfully removing water from its South African mines and, while there has been a delay in processing the water license application at Driefontein, which was submitted within the applicable time limits and there is some uncertainty regarding the water quality parameters applicable to the removed water, Gold Fields has engaged the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, or DWAF, to address these issues.
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In September 2005, certain sections of the National Environmental Management Air Quality Act, or the Air Quality Act, came into force. In the past, certain air polluting activities were allowed to be carried on provided that the operator registered the activity and was granted permission from the authority with responsibility for air quality in the region. However, the Air Quality Act sets more onerous standards which companies will be required to achieve. It is envisaged that the Air Quality Act will be fully phased in over the next few years. To the extent that more stringent requirements may be introduced regarding dust, Gold Fields is positioning itself operationally.
On July 3, 2006, new environmental impact assessment regulations were promulgated under the National Environmental Management Act, or NEMA. The new regulations introduce a fundamental change in this area of the law for the mining sector. Previously, the Department of Minerals and Energy, or DME, had primary responsibility for authorizing the environmental impacts of mining operations, although other departments played a role in approving certain aspects of mining-related activities. Under the new regulations, the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, or DEAT, will play a greater role in the environmental impact assessment decision-making process. The new regulations introduce a more complex regime for environmental impact assessments that includes a two-tiered assessment process, involving first the DME and then the DEAT. The specific sections of the regulations which cover mining operations have not yet been brought into effect but, when they do, they will impact on reconnaissance (defined in the MPRDA as the activity of searching for a mineral or petroleum by geological, geophysical and photogeological surveys, including by remote sensing but excluding by prospecting and exploration), exploration, prospecting and mining activities, as currently defined in the Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Act. This will result in more stringent requirements in obtaining environmental approval for new mining activities and, potentially, in the case of recommissioning old operations, which could increase Gold Fields costs for obtaining the approvals. Gold Fields is taking steps to comply with the new regulations. The regulations with respect to certain activities ancillary to mining are already in effect so that they now require a two-tier authorization process, from the DME and from the DEAT. The new regulations will not have retrospective effect. Section 24G of the National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998 introduced an amnesty period to continue with operations which had not been authorized under the previous Environment Conservation Act EIA regulations. The amnesty period was available from January 7, 2005 to July 6, 2005. Gold Fields submitted three applications for such amnesty (as each identified activity required its own application) and is currently awaiting the decision of the environmental authorities in this regard. The applications related to the authorization of cyanide plants at Beatrix, Kloof and Driefontein. It is likely that the applications will be granted. If the applications are granted the maximum fine that can be levied is R1 million per application. In the unlikely event that the applications are not granted the authorities may order that the activities are stopped and that remediation and rehabilitation takes place.
Although South Africa has a comprehensive environmental regulatory framework, enforcement of environmental law has traditionally been poor. The Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism has indicated that enforcement will improve and Environmental Management Inspectors have been appointed under the NEMA. The Environmental Management Inspectors have commenced with environmental inspections and investigations at some of the major industrial facilities The focus to date has been on those industries that impact heavily on air quality, such as platinum mines and the steel industry.
Gold Fields undertakes activities which are regulated by the National Nuclear Regulator Act 47 of 1999, or the NNR Act. The NNR Act requires Gold Fields to obtain authorization from the National Nuclear Regulator, or NNR, and undertake activities in accordance with the conditions of such authorizations. The NNR has alleged certain non-compliance issues relating to radiation levels in water running adjacent to certain of Gold Fields properties. Gold Fields does not concede the accuracy of the NNR samples and is currently undertaking its own sampling following which it will reengage with the NNR.
It has been publicly indicated by various individuals purporting to represent certain non-governmental organizations and other interested parties that they believe that Gold Fields, together with various other mining companies in South Africa, have polluted the water in and around the Wonderfontein Spruit, which is a
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catchment area in the West Wits Basin. This may lead to action being taken against Gold Fields, individually or collectively with other mining companies, and/or against the regulator. In March 2008, Gold Fields and two other mining companies received letters of demand from attorneys representing Duffuel (Pty) Ltd claiming substantial damages in the sum of ZAR50 million based on this alleged pollution. Although intimated, no formal action has as yet been instituted against Gold Fields.
During fiscal 2008, a decision was taken by the Executive Committee to consolidate and contextualize the environmental and associated legal risks at the South African operations. This is being done through a due diligence exercise conducted by two external firms that specialize in environmental risk and environmental law, respectively. The main reasons for selecting these firms were to ensure objectivity and to maintain an irreproachable level of credibility. The exercise is expected to fully identify the South African operations current risk profile in terms of environmental and associated legal risks.
The results of this exercise are now being finalized and will, after being fully analyzed, form the basis upon which existing strategies will be reviewed and modified so as to reduce any risks that have been identified. Gold Fields intends to undertake mitigating action, provided it is deemed necessary, focused on reducing existing risks and preventing future risks.
Health and Safety
The principal objective of the South African Mine Health and Safety Act No. 29 of 1996, or the Mine Health and Safety Act, is to protect the health and safety of persons at mines. The Mine Health and Safety Act requires that employers and others ensure their operating and non-operating mines provide a safe and healthy working environment, determines penalties and a system of administrative fines for non-compliance and gives the Minister of Minerals and Energy the right to restrict or stop work at any mine and require an employer to take steps to minimize health and safety risks at any mine. The Mine Health and Safety Act further provides for employee participation through the establishment of health and safety committees and by requiring the appointment of health and safety representatives. It also gives employees the right to refuse dangerous work. Finally, it describes the powers and functions of a mine health and safety inspectorate (which is now part of the DME) and the process of enforcement.
Under the Mine Health and Safety Act, an employer is obligated, among other things, to ensure, as far as reasonably practicable, that its mines are designed, constructed and equipped to provide conditions for safe operation and a healthy working environment and the mines are commissioned, operated, maintained and decommissioned in such a way that employees can perform their work without endangering their health and safety or that of any other person. Every employer must ensure, as far as reasonably practicable, that persons who are not employees, but who may be directly affected by the activities at a mine, are not exposed to any hazards to their health and safety.
On September 23, 2008, the Mine Health and Safety Amendment Bill was passed by the National Assembly and the bill has now been transmitted to the National Council of Provinces for concurrence. If this bill is signed by the President and becomes law, Gold Fields may be subject to more stringent regulations regarding mine health and safety. Four of the more important new provisions in the Bill as approved by the National Assembly are:
| An obligation on inspectors to impose a prohibition on the further functioning of a site where a persons death, serious injury or illness, or a health threatening occurrence has occurred; |
| A new offense for any person who contravenes or fails to comply with the provisions of the MHSA thereby causing a persons death or serious injury or illness to a person; |
| A new offense of vicarious liability for the employer where a chief executive officer, manager, agent or employee of the employer commits an offense and the employer either connived at or permitted the performance or an omission by the person concerned or did not take all reasonable steps to prevent the performance or an omission; and |
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| An increase in the maximum fines. Any owner convicted in terms of the above offenses may have its mining permits withdrawn or suspended, be fined R3 million and/or be imprisoned for a period not exceeding five years, while the maximum fine for other offenses and administrative fines are increased, with the highest fine being R1 million. |
In October 2007, as a result of a spate of accidents at various mining operations in South Africa, including Gold Fields operations, former President Thabo Mbeki ordered the Department of Minerals and Energy to conduct an occupational health and safety audit at all mines. The department developed audit protocols and divided them into two parts: (1) Legal Audit and (2) Technical Audit of certain installations and practices at mines. The intention of the audits was to give an indication of the extent to which mines comply with health and safety requirements, and also to help mines develop programs of action to improve their health and safety. The legal audits were begun in December 2007 and completed in the first half of 2008. A report detailing the results of the legal audits is expected to be made public in the near future. The technical audits have not yet been conducted and it is unclear if and when the government will undertake such audits. The audit process was intended to broadly cover the topics indicated below:
Legal audit of mines:
| Design and maintenance; |
| Legal appointments; |
| Occupational health and safety policy; |
| Occupational health and safety risk management; |
| Training; |
| Health and safety representatives and committees; |
| Reporting; |
| Mandatory codes of practice; |
| Explosives control; |
| Water management; and |
| Public health and safety. |
Technical audit of mines:
| Shafts and shaft infrastructure; |
| Rockfalls and rockbursts; |
| Rail bound and trackless mobile equipment; |
| Occupational health; and |
| Effectiveness of the Mine Health and Safety Act legal sanctions. |
See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in South Africa are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
The Occupational Diseases in Mines and Works Act 78 of 1973, or the Occupational Diseases Act, governs compensation and medical costs related to certain illnesses contracted by persons employed in mines or at sites where activities ancillary to mining are conducted. Occupational healthcare services are made available by Gold Fields to employees from its existing facilities. Pursuant to changes in the Occupational Diseases Act, Gold Fields may experience an increase in the cost of these services. See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in South Africa are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens. This increased cost, should it transpire, is currently indeterminate.
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Mineral Rights
The 2002 Minerals Act
The 2002 Minerals Act came into effect on May 1, 2004. The 2002 Minerals Act vests the right to prospect and mine in the state (which includes the rights to grant prospecting and mining rights on behalf of the nation) to be administered by the government of South Africa in order to, among other things, promote equitable access to the nations mineral resources by South Africans, expand opportunities for historically disadvantaged persons who wish to participate in the South African mining industry, advance social and economic development, and create an internationally competitive and efficient administrative and regulatory regime, based on the universally accepted principle, and consistent with common international practice, that mineral resources are part of a nations patrimony.
Under the 2002 Minerals Act, prospecting rights are initially granted for a maximum period of five years and can be renewed once upon application for a further period not exceeding three years. Mining rights are valid for a maximum period of 30 years, and can be renewed upon application for further periods each of which may not exceed 30 years. Provision is made for the grant of retention permits, which would have a maximum term of three years and could be renewed once upon application for a further two years. A wide range of factors and principles, including proposals relating to black economic empowerment and social responsibility, will be considered by the Minister of Minerals and Energy when exercising her discretion whether to grant these applications. A mining right can be cancelled if the mineral to which such mining right relates is not mined at an optimal rate. In November 2006, the DME approved the conversion of Gold Fields mining licenses under the old regulatory regime at Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix into rights under the new regime. The South Deep application has been completed and is currently under review, prior to final submission to the Department of Minerals and Energy. Gold Fields intends to submit the application for approval during fiscal 2009.
The 2002 Minerals Act provides that pursuant to the terms of the 2002 Minerals Act a broad-based socio-economic empowerment charter for effecting entry of historically disadvantaged South Africans, or HDSAs, into the mining industry became effective on May 1, 2004.
The charters stated objectives are to:
| promote equitable access to South Africas mineral resources for all the people of South Africa; |
| substantially and meaningfully expand opportunities for HDSAs, including women, to enter the mining and minerals industry and to benefit from the exploitation of South Africas mineral resources; |
| utilize the existing skills base for the empowerment of HDSAs; |
| expand the skills base of HDSAs in order to serve the community; |
| promote employment and advance the social and economic welfare of mining communities and areas supplying mining labor; and |
| promote beneficiation of South Africas mineral commodities beyond mining and processing, including the production of consumer products. |
The charter clarifies that it is not the governments intention to nationalize the mining industry.
To achieve these objectives, the charter requires that, within five years of its May 1, 2004 effective date, each mining company achieves a 15% HDSA ownership of mining assets and, within 10 years of that date, a 26% HDSA ownership of mining assets. Ownership can comprise active involvement, through HDSA-controlled companies (where HDSAs own at least 50% plus one share of the company and have management control), strategic joint ventures or partnerships (where HDSAs own at least 25% plus one vote of the joint venture or partnership interest and there is joint management and control) or collective investment vehicles, the majority ownership of which is HDSA based, or passive involvement, particularly through broad-based vehicles such as employee stock option plans. The charter envisages measuring progress on transformation of ownership by:
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| taking into account, among other things, attributable units of production controlled by HDSAs; |
| allowing flexibility by credits or offsets, so that, for example, where HDSA participation exceeds any set target in a particular operation, the excess may be offset against shortfalls in another operation; |
| taking into account previous empowerment deals in determining credits and offsets; and |
| considering special incentives to encourage the retention by HDSAs of newly acquired equity for a reasonable period. |
It is envisaged that transactions will take place in a transparent manner and for fair market value with stakeholders meeting after five years to review progress in achieving the 26% target. Under the charter, the mining industry as a whole agrees to assist HDSA companies in securing finance to fund participation in an amount of Rand 100 billion over the first five years. Beyond the Rand 100 billion commitment, HDSA participation will be increased on a willing seller-willing buyer basis, at fair market value, where the mining companies are not at risk.
In addition, the charter requires, among other things, that mining companies:
| spell out plans for achieving employment equity at management level with a view to achieving a baseline of 40% HDSA participation in management and achieving a baseline of 10% participation by women in the mining industry, in each case within five years; |
| give HDSAs preferred supplier status, where possible, in the procurement of capital goods, services and consumables; and |
| identify current levels of beneficiation and indicate opportunities for growth. |
When considering applications for the conversion of existing licenses, the government takes a scorecard approach to the different facets of promoting the objectives of the charter. The scorecard sets out the requirements of the charter in tabular form which allows the DME to tick off areas where a mining company is in compliance. The scorecard covers the following areas:
| human resource development; |
| employment equity; |
| migrant labor; |
| mine community and rural development; |
| housing and living conditions; |
| ownership and joint ventures; |
| beneficiation; and |
| reporting. |
The scorecard does not indicate the relative significance of each item, nor does it provide a particular score which an applicant must achieve in order to be in compliance with the charter and be granted new order rights. The charter, together with the scorecard, provides a system of credits or offsets with respect to measuring compliance with HDSA ownership targets. Offsets may be claimed for beneficiation activities undertaken or supported by a company above a predetermined base state, which has not yet been established for each mineral. Offsets may also be claimed for continuing effects of previous empowerment transactions.
The charter also requires mining companies to submit annual, audited reports on progress toward their commitments, as part of an ongoing review process.
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On March 8, 2004, the shareholders of Gold Fields approved a series of transactions, referred to in this discussion as the Mvelaphanda Transaction, involving the acquisition by Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, or Mvela Resources, of a 15% beneficial interest in the South Africa gold mining assets of Gold Fields for cash consideration of R4,139 million. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsOverviewGeneralMvelaphanda Transaction.
The Mvelaphanda Transaction is intended to meet the charters requirement that mining companies achieve a 15% HDSA ownership within five years of the mining charter coming into effect. There is no guarantee, however, that the Mvelaphanda Transaction will not have a negative effect on the value of Gold Fields ordinary shares. In addition, any further adjustment to the ownership structure of Gold Fields South African mining assets in order to meet the mining charters 10 year HDSA ownership requirement of 26% could have a material adverse effect on the value of Gold Fields ordinary shares and failing to comply with the charters requirements could subject Gold Fields to negative consequences, the scope of which has not yet been fully determined. Gold Fields may also incur expenses to give effect to the mining charters other requirements, and may need to incur additional indebtedness in order to comply with the industry-wide commitment to assist HDSAs in securing Rand 100 billion of financing during the first five years of the mining charters effectiveness. See Risk FactorsGold Fields mineral rights in South Africa have become subject to new legislation which could impose significant costs and burdensThe 2002 Minerals Act. Management believes that Gold Fields is well positioned to meet the requirements of the mining charter within the prescribed periods.
The Royalty Bill
On March 20, 2003, the draft Mineral and Petroleum Royalty Bill was released for public comment. After extensive consultation, the draft Mineral and Petroleum Royalty Bill was revised and this revised bill, or the Royalty Bill, was published on October 11, 2006, affording stakeholders a further opportunity to provide comments. After revisions, the Royalty Bill was again published on June 24, 2008 and subsequently passed by Parliament. However, the Royalty Bill has not yet been signed by the State President. If signed, the Bill would come into effect as of May 1, 2009 by its own terms. The Royalty Bill proposes to impose a royalty payable to the State based on EBIT (with 100% of capital expenditure taken into account in the calculation of EBIT). EBIT is defined in the Royalty Bill as the aggregate amount of gross sales for all transferred mineral resources; plus proceeds of the disposal of assets used to develop mineral resources, less operating expenditure related to winning or recovering of mineral resources as well as expenses incurred before those minerals are refined.
A maximum royalty of 5% has been introduced for refined minerals, such as gold and platinum, with a surcharge add-on in the formula of 0.5%. The royalty percentage determined is applied to gross revenue for the gold sector. Based on the proposed formula the rate for Gold Fields, if applied to the results for fiscal 2008, would have been approximately 2% of revenue. See Risk FactorsGold Fields mineral rights in South Africa have become subject to new legislation which could impose significant costs and burdensThe Royalty Bill.
Land Claims
Gold Fields privately held land could be subject to land restitution claims under the Restitution of Land Rights Act 1994, or the Land Claims Act. Under this Act, any person who was dispossessed of rights in land in South Africa as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices without the payment of just and equitable compensation is granted certain remedies including, but not limited to:
| restoration of the land claimed with or without compensation to the holder; |
| granting of an appropriate right in alternative state-owned land to the claimant; or |
| payment of compensation by the state to the claimant. |
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If land is restored without fair compensation it is possible that a constitutional challenge to the restoration could be successful. Once a notice of a land claim has been published in the Government Gazette the rights of any person in respect of such land are restricted in that he may not perform certain actions, including, but not limited to, selling, leasing or developing such land, unless the Regional Land Claims Commissioner has been given one months written notice. The Commission is obligated to notify the owner of land in respect of which a claim has been lodged or any other party which might have an interest in a claim. All claims were required to be lodged with the Commission by December 31, 1998. Although this was the final date for filing claims, many claims lodged before the deadline are still being reviewed and not all parties who are subject to claims have yet been notified. However, new land claims may only be instituted after December 31, 1998, if an original claim was filed incorrectly. Gold Fields has not been notified under the Land Claims Act of any land claims against it but it may be notified of claims in the future. If Gold Fields is notified of land claims in the future, these claims could have a material adverse effect on Gold Fields right to the properties to which the land claims relate. See Risk FactorsGold Fields land and mineral rights in South Africa could be subject to land restitution claims which could impose significant costs and burdens.
The Restitution of Land Rights Amendment Act, or the Amendment Act, became law on February 4, 2004. Under the Land Claims Act, the Minister for Agriculture and Land Affairs, or the Land Minister, may not acquire ownership of land for restitution purposes without a court order unless an agreement has been reached between the affected parties. The Amendment Act, however, entitles the Land Minister to acquire ownership of land by way of expropriation either for claimants who do not qualify for restitution or, in respect of land as to which no claim has been lodged but the acquisition of which is directly related to or affected by a claim, the acquisition of which promotes restitution to those entitled or would encourage alternative relief to those not entitled. See Risk FactorsGold Fields land and mineral rights in South Africa could be subject to land restitution claims which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Exchange Controls
South African law provides for exchange control regulations, which restrict the export of capital from the Common Monetary Area, comprising South Africa, the Kingdoms of Lesotho and Swaziland and the Republic of Namibia. The exchange control regulations, which are administered by the South African Reserve Bank, or the SARB, are applied throughout the Common Monetary Area and regulate transactions involving South African residents, including companies. The basic purpose of exchange controls is to mitigate the decline of foreign capital reserves in South Africa and the devaluation of the Rand against other currencies, in particular the U.S. dollar. It is anticipated that South African exchange controls will continue to operate for the foreseeable future. The South African government has, however, committed itself to gradually relaxing exchange controls and a significant relaxation has occurred in recent years. It is the stated objective of the authorities to achieve equality of treatment between residents and non-residents in relation to inflows and outflows of capital. The gradual approach to the abolition of exchange controls adopted by the South African government is designed to allow the economy to adjust more smoothly to the removal of controls that have been in place for a considerable period of time.
SARB approval is required for Gold Fields and its South African subsidiaries to receive loans from and repay loans to non-residents of the Common Monetary Area. Repayment of principal and interest on such loans will usually be approved where the payment is limited to the amount borrowed and a market-related rate of interest.
Funds raised outside of the Common Monetary Area by Gold Fields non-South African resident subsidiaries (whether through debt or equity) can be used for overseas expansion, subject to any conditions imposed by the SARB. Gold Fields and its South African subsidiaries would, however, require SARB approval in order to provide guarantees for the obligations of any of Gold Fields subsidiaries with regard to funds obtained from non-residents of the Common Monetary Area. Debt raised outside the Common Monetary Area by Gold Fields non-South African subsidiaries must be repaid or serviced by those foreign subsidiaries. Absent SARB approval, income earned in South Africa by Gold Fields and its South African subsidiaries cannot be used
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to repay or service such foreign debts. Also, absent specific SARB approval, income earned by one of Gold Fields foreign subsidiaries cannot be used to finance the operations of another foreign subsidiary.
Transfers of funds from South Africa for the purchase of shares in existing offshore entities or for the expansion of existing business ventures offshore require exchange control approval. Under the exchange control regulations, Gold Fields and its South African subsidiaries can invest overseas only if the investment meets certain tests, including one of national interest, as determined by the SARB. However, consideration will be given to applications submitted to the SARB to transfer funds from South Africa for the purpose of initial foreign expansion and expansion of existing projects.
South African companies are allowed to retain outside South Africa foreign dividends declared after October 26, 2004. Foreign dividends repatriated to South Africa after that date may be retransferred abroad at any time and be used for any purpose.
A listing by a South African company on any stock exchange other than the JSE in connection with raising capital needs permission from the SARB. Any such listing which would result in a South African company being redomiciled also needs approval from the Minister of Finance.
Under South African exchange control regulations, Gold Fields must obtain approval from the SARB regarding any capital raising involving a currency other than the Rand. In connection with its approval, it is possible that the SARB may impose conditions on Gold Fields use of the proceeds of any such capital raising, such as limits on Gold Fields ability to retain the proceeds of the capital raising outside South Africa or requirements that Gold Fields seeks further SARB approval prior to applying any such funds to a specific use. Any limitations imposed by the SARB on Gold Fields use of the proceeds of a capital raising could adversely affect Gold Fields financial and strategic flexibility. See Risk FactorsGold Fields financial flexibility could be materially constrained by South African exchange control regulations.
In his speech to Parliament toward the end of October 2004, the Minister of Finance outlined the South African Treasurys medium-term budget policy statement and repeated that it was the governments eventual goal to replace all remaining exchange controls with prudential benchmarks. He also announced the abolition of exchange control limits on new outward foreign direct investments by South African corporations and the lifting of their obligation to repatriate foreign dividends. There have subsequently been further indications from the Ministry of Finance that it remains the governments intention to gradually phase out the remaining exchange controls over time.
Ghana
Environmental
The laws and regulations relating to the environment in Ghana have their roots in the 1992 Constitution which charges both the state and individuals with a duty to take appropriate measures to protect and safeguard the natural environment. Mining companies are also required under the Minerals and Mining Act, 2006 (Act 703), Environmental Assessment Regulations 1999 (LI 165) and Water Use Regulations 2001 (LI 1692), to obtain all necessary approvals from the Environmental Protection Agency and the Forestry Commission before undertaking mining operations. The Minerals and Mining Act also requires mines to comply with all laws for the protection of the environment.
Under the relevant environmental laws and regulations, mining operations are required to undergo an environmental impact assessment process and obtain approval for an environmental permit prior to commencing operations. Within 24 months of the date upon which operations commence, Ghanaian mining operations must submit an environmental management plan for the operations to obtain an environmental certificate. Environmental management plans are submitted every three years and include details regarding the likely impact of the operation on the environment, including local communities, as well as a comprehensive plan and timetable for actions to lessen and remediate adverse impacts.
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The laws also require mining operations to rehabilitate land disturbed as a result of mining operations pursuant to an environmental reclamation plan agreed with the Ghanaian environmental authorities. The reclamation plan provides an estimate of the costs to rehabilitate the mining area for the life of the mine, or the life of mine rehabilitation estimate, and an estimate of the costs to rehabilitate the mine as at the date of the reclamation plan, or the current estimated rehabilitation costs. These estimates are adjusted every two years, taking into account any new disturbance or rehabilitation undertaken during the two year period from the date of the previous estimate. The obligations to rehabilitate the mining area and to provide security for the rehabilitation costs is included in a reclamation security agreement negotiated with the Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, and signed by the mining company. Each mining company is required to secure a percentage (typically between 50% and 100%) of the current estimated rehabilitation costs by posting a reclamation bond and a cash deposit, which serve as a security deposit against default.
In Ghana, updated reclamation plans are submitted to the EPA every two years with a readjustment of the calculated bond based on the current estimated rehabilitation costs. Gold Fields Ghanas current reclamation bond secures an amount of $7.4 million which is 50% of the rehabilitation costs estimated as at December 2005. The current life of mine rehabilitation estimate forecast for Tarkwa, following its expansion, is $39.2 million. Tarkwa is reviewing the current closure plan in light of the expansion program for the mine and changing LOM plans which have resulted in re-disturbance of several previously rehabilitated areas on the mine site. Upon receipt of a Notice of Intent for the expansion project in 2006, Gold Fields Ghana was advised by the EPA to submit a new EIS and the EPA further advised Gold Fields to submit an updated reclamation plan and revised security bond agreement after the approval of the new EIS document. Gold Fields submitted a new EIS in February 2007 which was approved by the EPA in May 2007. A new environmental permit was issued in May 2007 allowing Gold Fields to continue operations subject to submission of a revised EMP for the site within 18 months. Gold Fields expects to submit a new EMP during November 2008, at which time it expects to receive a new environmental certificate valid for three years. A revised Closure Plan and security bond agreement will be submitted to the EPA during fiscal 2009, consistent with agreements made with the EPA.
Abosso has submitted the required environmental management plans and reclamation plans and is in compliance with all permit, certificate and reclamation requirements. An environmental certificate for the Damang mine was issued on October 9, 2003 for a two-year period to October 8, 2005. Following submission of Damangs Environmental Management Plan 2005 to 2008 in August 2005, on January 23, 2006 this certificate was renewed for a further three years.
Abosso was the first mining company in Ghana to sign a reclamation security agreement, in May 2001. Following various intermediate amendments to the agreement, in April 2006, Abosso provided the EPA with a revised draft reclamation security agreement. The draft reclamation security agreement was based on calculated current estimated rehabilitation costs totaling $4.2 million. The current life of mine rehabilitation estimate is $5.8 million (which includes the $4.2 million in current estimated rehabilitation costs) and again takes into account a reduction in the liability for completed reclamation works. Meetings with the EPA were held during 2007 and a further draft agreement was submitted to the EPA in November 2007. Abosso has been asked to make certain amendments to this draft and expects to submit a final draft to the EPA in November 2008. A reclamation bond (in the form of an irrevocable letter of credit) of $2.0 million provided as security expired in June 2008. A $200,000 cash deposit remains in place. The amount secured will be revised based on adjusted current estimated rehabilitation costs when the reclamation security agreement is signed by both parties.
Gold Fields has implemented environmental management systems in compliance with ISO 14001 throughout its operations in Ghana. Gold Fields operations in Ghana received full certification under ISO 14001:1996 in fiscal 2003, and the operations were re-certified under ISO 14001:2004 in May 2006 for a further three years.
Following Gold Fields becoming a signatory to the Cyanide Code on November 3, 2005, all its operations, including the Ghanaian operations, are committed to complying with the code. Certification to the code has subsequently been achieved in May 2008.
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Health and Safety
A mine owner is statutorily obligated to, among other things, take steps to ensure that the mine is managed and worked in accordance with the regulations that provide for the safety and proper discipline of the mine workers. The regulations prescribe the measures to be taken at every mining operation to ensure the safety and health of mine workers. Additionally, Gold Fields is required under the terms of its mining leases to comply with the reasonable instructions of the Chief Inspector of Mines regarding health and safety in the mine. A violation of the provisions of the health and safety regulations or failure to comply with the reasonable instructions of the Chief Inspector of Mines could lead to, among other things, a shutdown of all or a portion of the mine or the imposition of costly compliance procedures, and, in the case of a violation of the regulations relating to health and safety, constitutes an offense. Gold Fields, as the holder of the mining lease, has potential liability arising from injuries to, or deaths of, workers, including, in some cases, workers employed by its contractors. Although Ghanaian law provides statutory workers compensation for injuries or fatalities to workers, it is not the exclusive means for workers to claim compensation. Gold Fields insurance for health and safety claims or the relevant workers compensation may not be adequate to meet the costs which may arise upon any future health and safety claims. As a result, Gold Fields may suffer adverse consequences. See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in Ghana are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Every person resident in Ghana is required to belong to either a public or private health insurance scheme. Since August 1, 2004, to fund the National Health Insurance Fund, a levy of 2.5% has been imposed on goods and services produced or provided in, or imported into, Ghana, although certain types of machinery used in mining, as well as water and certain types of fuel, are exempt from the levy. Employers who establish or contribute to a private health insurance scheme are not exempt from payment of the levy. See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in Ghana are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Mineral Rights
Gold Fields Ghana holds five mining leases in respect of its operations at the Tarkwa property, each dated April 18, 1997, and two mining leases dated February 2, 1988 and June 18, 1992, respectively, for its operations at the former Teberebie property. The Tarkwa property mining leases all expire in 2027 and the Teberebie property mining leases both expire in 2018. Under the provisions of the Minerals and Mining Law, 1986 (PNDCL 153), or the Minerals and Mining Law, and the terms of the mining leases, all of the Tarkwa property and Teberebie property mining leases are renewable by agreement between Gold Fields Ghana and the government of Ghana.
Abosso holds a mining lease in respect of the Damang mine dated April 19, 1995, as amended by an agreement dated April 4, 1996. This lease expires in 2025. Abosso also holds a mining lease in respect of Lima South, dated March 22, 2006, which expires in 2017. As with the Tarkwa and Teberebie mining leases, these leases are renewable under their terms and the provisions of the Minerals and Mining Law by agreement between Abosso and the government of Ghana.
In addition, under Ghanaian law, the Tarkwa property mining leases are subject to the ratification of Parliament. Although the Minerals Commission, the statutory corporation overseeing the mining operations on behalf of the government of Ghana, has submitted the Tarkwa property leases for parliamentary ratification along with leases for other mining companies in Ghana, these leases have not yet been ratified as required by law. Gold Fields Ghana has taken all the steps that it can take towards the ratification of its leases and to date this has not affected Gold Fields Ghanas ability to carry on its operations. See Risk FactorsGold Fields mineral rights in Ghana are currently subject to regulations, and may become subject to new regulations, which could impose significant costs and burdens.
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A license is required for the export, sale or other disposal of minerals and the permission of the Chief Inspector of Mines is required to remove minerals obtained by the holder of a mineral right. Under Ghanaian law, the government has the right to compel the sale to it of all mineral rights obtained in Ghana and all products derived from the refining or treatment of minerals. However, the current project development agreement entitles Gold Fields to export and sell its entire production of gold and by-products. In respect of Abosso, the government has agreed not to exercise these pre-emption rights for as long as Abosso follows such procedure for marketing its products as may be approved by the Bank of Ghana acting on the advice of the Minerals Commission.
Under the provisions of the Minerals and Mining Law, the size of an area in respect of which a mining lease may be granted cannot exceed 50 square kilometers for any single grant or 150 square kilometers in the aggregate for any company. Gold Fields Ghanas mining leases cover approximately 207 square kilometers and Abossos mining lease covers approximately 52 square kilometers. Gold Fields Ghana is currently discussing a development agreement with the Ghanaian government which would permit it to hold all its current land.
The Minerals and Mining Act came into force on March 31, 2006. Although the Minerals and Mining Act repealed the Minerals and Mining Law, and the amendments to it, the Minerals and Mining Act provides that leases, permits and licenses granted or issued under the repealed laws will continue under those laws unless the Minister responsible for minerals provides otherwise by regulation. Therefore, unless and until such regulations are passed in respect of Gold Fields mineral rights, the Minerals and Mining Law will continue to apply to Gold Fields current operations in Ghana.
The major provisions of the Minerals and Mining Act are as follows:
| the government of Ghanas right to a 10% free carried interest in mineral operations is restricted to mining leases. The government may participate further in mineral operations upon agreement with the holder; |
| mineral rights in land over which mineral rights have been granted may not be granted to any other person in respect of the same minerals; |
| introduction of a new system for demarcating the land, referred to as the cadastral system, whereby land is demarcated in blocks. Under the new system, a mining lease area may not be less than one block or more than 300 contiguous blocks. A block is defined as 21 hectares; |
| mining companies which have invested or intend to invest at least $500 million may benefit from stability and development agreements, relating to both existing and new operations, which will serve to protect holders of current and future mining leases for a period not exceeding 15 years against changes in laws and regulations generally and in particular relating to customs and other duties, levels of payment of taxes, royalties and exchange control provisions, transfer of capital and dividend remittances. A development agreement may contain further provisions relating to the mineral operations and environmental issues. Each stability and development agreement is subject to the ratification of Parliament; |
| provisions requiring the renewal of a mining lease for a further period of up to 30 years once the holder has made an application for renewal pursuant to the terms of the lease if the holder is in material compliance with its obligations under law and under the lease; |
| provisions restricting royalty rates to not more than 6% or less than 3% of the total revenue of minerals; and |
| changes to the definition of a mining company. Under the Minerals and Mining Law, a mining company is defined as a company which or whose subsidiary is the holder of a mining lease. The Minerals and Mining Act defines a mining company as a company which or whose subsidiary is the holder of a mineral right (holders of mineral rights include prospecting and reconnaissance license holders) and excludes companies listed on a stock exchange and companies whose holding in mining companies or whose subsidiarys assets are less than 50% of the market value of their total assets. The |
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effect of this re-definition is that persons seeking to become controllers of prospecting or reconnaissance license holders as well as mining lease holders are required to seek the approval of the Minister responsible for mines. Further, mineral rights holders are required to notify the Minister of changes in control. Additionally, similar to its rights currently in respect of companies holding mining leases, the government of Ghana is entitled to a special share in prospecting or reconnaissance license holders. See Government Option to Acquire Shares of Mining Companies. |
Under the Minerals and Mining Act, neither a landowner nor any other person may search for minerals or mine on any land without having been granted a mineral right by the Minister responsible for mines. Additionally, even if a mineral right granted under the Minerals and Mining Law is made subject to the Minerals and Mining Act, the Act provides that this shall not have the effect of increasing the holders costs, or financial burden, for a period of five years.
Government Option to Acquire Shares of Mining Companies
Under Ghanaian law, the government is entitled to a 10% interest in any Ghanaian company which holds a mining lease in Ghana, without the payment of compensation. The government of Ghana has already received this 10% interest in each of Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso. The government also has the option, under the Minerals and Mining Law, of acquiring an additional 20% interest in the share capital of mining companies whose rights were granted under the Minerals and Mining Law at a price agreed upon by the parties, at the fair market value at the time the option is exercised, or as may be determined by international arbitration. The government of Ghana exercised this option in respect of Gold Fields Ghana and subsequently transferred the interest, which now forms part of the IAMGold interest in Gold Fields Ghana. The Government of Ghana retains this option to purchase an additional 20% of the share capital of Abosso. As far as management is aware, the government of Ghana has not exercised this option for any other gold mining company in the past.
Under the Minerals and Mining Law, which continues to apply to Gold Fields Ghanas operations, and under the Minerals and Mining Act, the government has a further option to acquire a special share in a mining company for no consideration or in exchange for such consideration as the government and that company shall agree. This interest, when acquired, constitutes a special share which gives the government the right to attend and speak at any general meeting of shareholders, but does not entitle the government to any voting rights. The special share does not entitle the government to distributions of profits of the company which issues it to the government. The written consent of the government is required to make any amendment to a companys articles of incorporation relating to the governments option to acquire a special share. Although the government of Ghana has agreed not to exercise this option in respect of Gold Fields Ghana, it has retained this option for Abosso.
Exchange Controls
Under Ghanas mining laws, the Bank of Ghana or the Minister for Finance may permit the holder of a mining lease to retain a percentage of its foreign exchange earnings for certain expenses in bank accounts in Ghana. Under a foreign exchange retention account agreement with the government of Ghana, Gold Fields Ghana is required to repatriate 20% of its revenues derived from the Tarkwa mine to Ghana and use the repatriated revenues in Ghana or maintain them in a Ghanaian bank account. Management believes that Gold Fields Ghana is entitled to rely on the provisions of the foreign exchange retention account agreement for the duration of the Tarkwa mining leases. Abosso is currently obligated to repatriate 25% of its revenue to Ghana, although the level of repatriation under the deed of warranty between Abosso and the government of Ghana is subject to renegotiation every two years. The most recent negotiations were concluded in February 2003. Since then there have been no requests for negotiations by either side and Abossos obligations remain the same. Until Abossos repatriation level is renegotiated, it will remain the same. While management has no reason to believe that the repatriation level will increase as a result of the next set of negotiations, there is no agreed ceiling on the repatriation level, and it could be increased. Any increase could adversely affect Gold Fields ability to use the cash flow from the Damang mine outside Ghana, including to fund working costs and capital expenditures at other operations, to provide funds for acquisitions and to repay principal and interest on indebtedness. Gold Fields currently repatriates approximately 40% of revenues from the Ghana operations to Ghana.
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Australia
Environmental
While Australias national government retains the power to regulate activities which impact matters of national environmental significance, the Constitution vests the power to legislate environmental matters principally in the states. Gold Fields gold operations in Australia are primarily subject to the environmental laws and regulations of the State of Western Australia which require, among other things, that Gold Fields obtains environmental licenses, work approvals and mining licenses to begin mining operations.
During the operational life of its mines, Gold Fields is required by law to make provisions for the ongoing rehabilitation of its mines and to provide for the cost of post-closure rehabilitation and monitoring once mining operations cease. Gold Fields guarantees its environmental obligations by providing the Western Australian government with unconditional bank-guaranteed performance bonds. However, these bonds would not cover any environmental events requiring remediation that were unforeseen at the time the bonds were issued or which occur as a result of a breach of Gold Fields environmental licensing conditions.
Under the Environmental Protection Act of 1986, Gold Fields is obliged to prevent and abate pollution and environmental harm. Under the Contaminated Sites Act 2003, Gold Fields is required to report known or suspected contaminated sites. The Western Australian governments Department of Environment and Conservation then classifies the site based on the risk posed to human health and the environment. Gold Fields may be required to investigate or remediate an affected site if there is contamination that is likely to cause harm to human health or the environment. If that happens, Gold Fields environmental duties and responsibilities will be increased. See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in Australia are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Following Gold Fields becoming a signatory to the Cyanide Code on November 3, 2005, all its operations, including its Australian operations, are committed to complying with the code. The implementation structure of the code allows operations up to three years to have independent, third-party audits conducted to evaluate compliance status.
Health and Safety
The Western Australia Mines Safety and Inspection Act 1994 (WA), or the Safety and Inspection Act, regulates the duties of employers and employees in the mining industry with regard to occupational health and safety and outlines offenses and penalties for breach. The regulations prescribe specific measures and provide for inspectors to review the work site for hazards and violations of the health and safety requirements. A violation of the health and safety laws or failure to comply with the instructions of the relevant health and safety authorities could lead to, among other things, a temporary shutdown of all or a portion of the mine, a loss of the right to mine or the imposition of costly compliance procedures. However, mine owner liability for contractors employees and labor hire employees under the Safety and Inspection Act extends only to matters over which the Company has the capacity to exercise control. See Risk FactorsGold Fields operations in Australia are subject to environmental and health and safety regulations which could impose significant costs and burdens.
The Safety and Inspection Act was amended in April 2005 and the changes include:
| a new regime of penalties characterized by significant increases (particularly in relation to companies), higher penalties for repeat offenses, and new offenses of causing death or serious harm through gross negligence, which attract high penalties including the option of imprisonment; |
| broader powers for inspectors to impose improvements or prohibition notices on machinery and work practices; and |
| a new duty of care imposed on employers with respect to residential accommodation supplied in connection with employment. |
The effect of the amendments is that Gold Fields exposure to prosecution has increased, as has the cost of health and safety compliance of Gold Fields mining operations in Australia.
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Mineral Rights
In Australia, the ownership of land is separate from the ownership of most minerals, which are the property of the states and are thus regulated by the state governments. The Western Australian Mining Act 1978 (WA), or the Mining Act, is the principal piece of legislation governing exploration and mining on land in Western Australia. Licenses and leases for, among other things, prospecting, exploration and mining must be obtained pursuant to the requirements of the Mining Act before the relevant activity can begin. Application fees and rental payments are payable in respect of each mining tenement.
Prospecting licenses, exploration licenses and mining leases are subject to prescribed minimum annual expenditure commitments. Royalties are payable to the state based on the amount of ore produced or obtained from a mining tenement. A monthly production report must be filed and royalties on gold metal are calculated accordingly at a fixed rate of 2.5%.
Ministerial consent is required with respect to assignment or sale of a mining lease and certain other leases and tenements. Gold Fields has obtained ministerial consent for the transfer of all material mining leases and other tenements acquired from WMC.
Land Claims
In 1992, the High Court of Australia recognized a form of native title which protects the rights of indigenous people in relation to land in certain circumstances. As a result of this decision, the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth), or Native Title Act, was enacted to recognize and protect existing native title by providing a mechanism for the determination of native title claims and a statutory right for Aboriginal groups or persons to negotiate, object, and/or be consulted when, among other things, there is an expansion of, or change to, the rights and interests in the land which affects native title and constitutes a future act under the Native Title Act. The existence of these claims does not necessarily prevent continued mining under existing tenements. Tenements granted prior to January 1, 1994 are not future acts and do not need to comply with the aforementioned consultation or negotiation procedures. As a general rule, tenements granted after January 1, 1994 need to comply with this process. However, in Western Australia (where Gold Fields St. Ives and Agnew operations are located), some tenements were granted without complying with this consultation or negotiation process on the basis of then prevailing Western Australian legislation. This legislation was subsequently found to be invalid as it conflicted with the Native Title Act which is Commonwealth legislation. Subsequent legislation was passed validating the grant of tenements between January 1, 1994 and December 23, 1996, provided certain conditions were met.
Certain of Gold Fields tenements are currently subject to native title claims. However, most of Gold Fields tenements were granted prior to January 1, 1994. Where tenements were granted between January 1, 1994 and December 23, 1996, Gold Fields believes it complies with the conditions set out by the Native Title Act for those tenements to be validly granted. On those tenements not granted before December 1996, Gold Fields has entered into agreements with the claimant parties which provides the Company with security of tenure. Therefore, the granting of native title over any of these tenements will not have a material effect on Gold Fields tenure.
Mining leases do not necessarily extinguish all native title, but do extinguish the native title rights with which they conflict. The right of native title holders to control access to land is extinguished by a mining lease in Western Australia. However, mining leases may not extinguish other native title rights. Therefore, some native title rights may co-exist with the rights granted under a mining lease. Compensation could be payable for rights lost by native title holders on the grant of a mining lease. In addition, negotiations with native title applicants are generally necessary before a new mining lease will be granted by the state and these can be time consuming and costly.
It is possible that land comprised in seven of Gold Fields existing tenements could be at risk due to native title claims, because those particular tenements may have been granted by the State of Western Australia in a manner contrary to the Native Title Act. Although the validity of those seven tenements is in question, Gold Fields management does not believe those tenements are material to its Australian operation.
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The Aboriginal heritage laws protect sites of significance to Aboriginal people which have ongoing ethnographic, archaeological or historic significance. Gold Fields is aware of several Aboriginal heritage sites on its tenements. However, it does not believe that the protected status of these sites will materially affect its current operations in Australia. See Risk FactorsGold Fields tenements in Australia are subject to native title claims and include Aboriginal heritage sites which could impose significant costs and burdens.
Peru
Regulatory
The regulatory framework governing the development of mining activities in Peru mainly consists of a General Mining Act, or the LGM, and Regulations relating to mining procedures, health and safety, environmental protection, and mining investment and guarantees Other laws, such as the Mining Royalty Law and laws relating to the granting of mining concessions in urban areas and urban expansion areas, the closing of mines, and liabilities for environmental damage, also affect mining companies. . A supervisory body, known as OSINERGMIN, has the authority to regulate the mining industry.
The exploitation of mineral substances from the soil or subsoil is governed by the LGM. A mining activity is defined as the surveying, prospecting, exploration, exploitation, general workings, beneficiation, trading and transportation of ore.
In order to fulfill the work obligations established by the Peruvian law, the holder of more than one mining concession of the same class and nature may group them in administrative economic units, provided that the concessions are located within a radius of 5 kilometers in the case of non-ferrous metallic minerals or primary auriferous metallic minerals. A group of mining concessions constitutes an Administrative Economic Unit and requires an approval resolution issued by the General Bureau of Mining.
Regulatory and Supervisory Entities
In general terms, the principal regulator of mining activities in Peru is the Ministry of Energy and Mines, or the MEM, through its General Bureau of Mining, or GBM, and its General Bureau of Mining and Environmental Affairs, or GBMEA. Other institutions are the Geological, Mining and Metallurgical Institute, or the GMMI, and the Supervisory Body of Investment in Energy and Mining.
The GBM is the senior body of the MEM. It reports directly to the Office of the Vice-Minister of Mining and is responsible for regulating, inspecting and promoting mining activities, safeguarding the rational use of the mining resources in harmony with the environment.
The GBMEA has the following duties, among others: (i) propose policy and legal provisions for environmental conservation and protection; (ii) approve technical standards for the appropriate application of regulations on environmental conservation and protection to apply to activities of the mining sector; and (iii) assess environmental and social impacts derived from activities of the mining sector, establishing the preventive and corrective measures necessary to control such impacts.
The GMMI has the following duties, among others: (i) process mining claims, grant titles to mining concessions and act on applications relating to mining rights pursuant to law; (ii) prepare the Mining Register, administer and distribute the annual concession fee and collect any penalties for failure to meet minimum annual production targets; and (iii) cancel mining concessions in the event of nonpayment of the concession fee or the nonpayment of a penalty fee.
The Supervisory Body of Investment in Energy and Mining supervises and inspects mining activities as regards matters of mine safety and health, and environmental conservation and protection.
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Mining concessions
In accordance with the LGM, mining activities (except surveying, prospecting and trading) must be performed exclusively under the concession system. A concession confers upon its holder the exclusive right to develop a specific mining activity within a defined area. The LGM establishes four types of concessions:
Mining concessions, which confers the right to explore and exploit the mineralization granted which is within a solid of undefined depth, limited by vertical planes corresponding to the sides of a square, rectangle or closed polygon, the vertices of which refer to Universal Transversal Mercator (UTM) coordinates. A mining concession is a real property interest independent and separate from the property where it is located. It is granted by the GMMI. Once the claimed area is subject to a mining concession, the titleholder must register its title with the Registro de Derechos Mineros, or Mining Registry, administered by the Superintendencia Nacional de Registros Públicos, or SUNARP, where all the agreements, resolutions and acts thereto must also be registered.
Holders of mining concessions are also required to meet minimum annual production targets prescribed by law. This target is currently U.S.$100.00 per hectare per year. Titleholders are entitled to aggregate multiple concessions for these purposes provided certain conditions are met. If the titleholder has not met the minimum annual production target within seven years of the concession having been granted, the titleholder is required to pay a penalty equal to U.S.$6.00 per year per hectare for the eighth to eleventh year following the granting of the concession. The penalty increases to U.S.$20.00 per year per hectare if the minimum production target is not met within 12 years of the concession having been granted. Failure to pay this penalty for two consecutive years may lead to the cancellation of the mining concession, although titleholders may be able to avoid paying the penalty if they can prove to the mining authorities that they have invested an amount equivalent to at least 10 times the amount of the penalty in the local area.
Beneficiation or process concessions confer the right to extract or concentrate the valuable substances of an aggregate of minerals and/or to smelt, purify or refine metals through a set of physical, chemical and/or physicochemical processes. This concession is granted by the DGM.
General workings concessions confer the right to render ancillary services to two or more mining concession holders. The following are considered ancillary services: ventilation, drainage, hoisting or extraction in favor of two or more concessions from different concessionaires. This concession is granted by the GMB.
Ore transportation concessions, which confer the right to install and operate a system for the continuous massive transportation of mineral products between one or more mining centers and a port or beneficiation plant, or a refinery, or along one or more stretches of these routes. The mineral product transportation system must be non-conventional, such as: conveyor belts, pipelines or cable cars, among others. This concession is granted by the GMB. Conventional transportation systems are authorized by the Ministry of Transport and Communications.
All the concessions regulated by the LGM must be registered with the Public Mining Registry. In addition, all concessions in force must be registered with the National Mining Land Register, administered by the INGEMMET, including the UTM coordinates of the vertices of each mining concession.
The holders of mining concessions or pending claims for mining concessions must comply with several obligations, among which is the payment of the Annual Concession Fee (U.S.$3 per hectare applicable to both mining concessions and mining claims). The default in payment for two consecutive or non-consecutive years results in the forfeiture of the respective mining concession or claim.
Furthermore, the holders of mining concessions are required to meet annual minimum production levels or else to pay the penalty set by the LGM. Failure to comply with this obligation for two years may also result in the forfeiture of the concession.
The holders of concessions have the following rights, among others: (i) in concessions granted on uncultivated lands, to make free mining use of the concession surface for their economic purpose, without any additional request being required; (ii) to request the right to the free mining use, for the same purpose, of
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uncultivated lands located outside the concession; (iii) to request an authorization to establish easements on third party lands as necessary for the rational use of the concession; an easement will be established after paying fair value compensation; (iv) to request an authorization to establish mining use or easements, if applicable, on the surface lands of other concessions, provided that the mining activity of their holders is not disturbed or hindered; (v) to construct, on neighboring concessions, the works that may be necessary for access, ventilation and drainage of its own concessions, ore transportation and the safety of its workers, after appropriate compensation has been paid if such works cause any damages and without creating any encumbrance to the adjacent concessions; and (vi) to use the water necessary for the concession operations pursuant to the applicable law.
During 2006, Peruvian mining companies agreed to a mining payment to the government equivalent to 3.75% of income after taxes. The payment is intended to support government efforts to alleviate poverty. This payment is payable until 2010, contingent on the price of gold being above certain parameters set by the Peruvian government. The initial parameters set were U.S.$537 per ounce of gold and U.S.$1.79 per pound of copper.
Environmental
During the 1990s, a modern environmental practice that conforms to the international environmental standards was established and made generally applicable to most of the mining industry. In 1990, the Environmental Code was enacted, which established for the first time a legal and institutional system to preserve the environment. In 1993 the Environmental Protection Regulations for Mining and Metallurgical Activities were enacted. On October 15, 2005, the Environmental Act completely repealed and replaced the Environmental Code.
The following items are required to be produced under the environmental laws:
| Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). EIAs are required for new projects, expansions of the operations by more than 50% and in conjunction with a project moving from the exploration stage to the development stage. EIAs must evaluate the physical, biological, socioeconomic and cultural impacts on the environment resulting from the execution of the mining projects. |
| Semi-Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (EIAsd) and Environmental Impact Statement (DIA): EIAsd and DIAs are required for mining exploration projects. EIAsd apply to larger projects while DIAs apply to smaller projects. |
| Annual Consolidated Statement: Holders of mining concessions must submit statements by June 30 of each year describing emissions to the environment and follow-up actions taken pursuant to the previously approved EIA and/or PAMA. |
Periodic Environmental Audits are made by OSINERGMIN to supervise compliance with the commitments undertaken in the respective EIAs and PAMAs.
In 2003, a law regulating mine closure was approved. The closure of a mine usually entails the sealing of exits, in the case of underground mines, the removal of surface infrastructure and the environmental rehabilitation of the surface where the mining activity has been developed. The law requires mining companies to ensure the availability of the resources necessary for the execution of an adequate mine closure plan, including an Environmental Liabilities Closure Plan, in order to prevent, minimize and control the risks to and negative effects on health, personal safety and environment that may be generated or may continue after the cessation of mining operations. Furthermore, the law obligates holders of mining concessions to furnish guarantees in favor of the MEM to ensure that they will carry out the Environmental Liabilities Closure Plan in accordance with the environmental protection regulations and to ensure that the MEM has the necessary funds to execute the mine closure plan in the event of non-compliance by the holder of the mining concession. Mine concession holders may satisfy these requirements by obtaining letters of credit to cover the amount of any mine closure plan.
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Regulations under the mine closure law establish the procedure to be followed to obtain approval of the Environmental Liabilities Closure Plan and the requirements and characteristics of the guarantees furnished by the holders of mining concessions. These regulations also establish procedures for the approval of mine closure plans and inspection of the implementation of such plans, as well as the penalties to be imposed in the event of non-compliance by the holders of mining concessions.
Gold Fields operations as of June 30, 2008 comprised the following:
Gold Fields operative mining areas as of June 30, 2008
Operation |
Size | |
South Africa |
||
Driefontein |
8,561 hectares | |
Kloof |
20,087 hectares | |
Beatrix |
16,821 hectares | |
South Deep |
3,566 hectares | |
Ghana |
||
Tarkwa |
20,825 hectares | |
Damang |
8,111 hectares | |
Australia |
||
St. Ives |
84,756 hectares | |
Agnew |
60,023 hectares | |
Peru |
||
Cerro Corona |
574 hectares |
Gold Fields leases its corporate headquarters in Johannesburg and its exploration offices not located at the mines.
As discussed earlier, the 2002 Minerals Act came into operation on May 1, 2004 and vests the right to prospect and mine in the South African State with administration by the government of South Africa. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral Rights. In November 2006, the South African Department of Minerals and Energy approved the conversion of Gold Fields mining licenses under the former regulatory regime at Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix into licenses under the new regime. The application for the conversion of the South Deep mining authorization has been completed and is currently under review, prior to final submission to the Department of Minerals and Energy. Gold Fields intends to submit the application for approval during fiscal 2009. See Environmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral Rights.
Gold Fields also owns most of the surface rights with respect to its South African mining properties. Where Gold Fields conducts surface operations on land the surface rights of which it does not own, it does so in accordance with applicable mining and property laws. In addition, Gold Fields owns various mineral rights, under the previous regime, and surface rights contiguous to its operations in South Africa. As required under the 2002 Minerals Act, Gold Field has registered its surface rights utilized for mining purposes. Gold Fields has received prospecting rights on properties which it has identified as being able to contribute, now or in the future, to its business and is in the process of converting those prospecting rights to mining rights under the 2002 Minerals Act. See Environmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral Rights.
Gold Fields Ghana obtained the mining rights for the Tarkwa property from the government of Ghana in 1993. In August 2000, with the consent of the government of Ghana, Gold Fields Ghana was assigned the mining rights for the northern portion of the Teberebie property. The Tarkwa rights expire in 2027, while the Teberebie rights expire in 2018. Abosso holds the right to mine at the Damang property under a mining lease from the
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government of Ghana which expires in 2025. Gold Fields may exploit all surface and underground gold at all three sites until the rights expire, provided that Gold Fields pays the government of Ghana a quarterly royalty which is calculated on the basis of a formula which ranges from 3% to 12% of revenues derived from mining at the sites. For fiscal 2008, this formula resulted in Gold Fields Ghana paying royalties equivalent to approximately 3% of the revenues from gold produced at the Tarkwa and Teberebie properties, and Abosso paying approximately 3% of the revenues from gold produced at the Damang property.
In Australia, mining rights and property are leased from the state. Australian mining leases have an initial term of 21 years with one automatic 21-year renewal period and thereafter an indefinite number of 21-year renewals with government approval. At the St. Ives operations, the initial 21-year term has expired for seven mining leases, with those mining leases having now entered (in most cases only quite recently) their second 21-year term. At the Agnew operations all mining leases, save for one, are within their initial 21-year term. The one relevant mining lease at Agnew has only recently begun its second 21 year term. In relation to gold produced from the mining leases at St. Ives and Agnew, Gold Fields pays an annual royalty to the state of 2.5% of production.
In Peru, exploration and extraction activities can only be performed in duly authorized areas. Authorization is granted when a mining concession is issued. Mining concessions are for an indefinite term provided the titleholder complies with the timely payment of annual concession fees of U.S.$3.00 per hectare and any applicable fines. In addition, La Cima owns mining rights outside Cerro Corona covering 185.2 hectares and surface rights related to Cerro Corona covering 881.3 hectares.
As of June 30, 2008, Gold Fields also held exploration tenements covering a total of approximately 4.06 million hectares in various countries, including the Dominican Republic, Chile, Brazil, Peru, Indonesia, Finland, Kyrgyzstan, South Africa, Ghana, Guinea, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mali, Australia and the United States. Gold Fields ownership interests in these sites vary with its participation interests in the relevant exploration projects. Gold Fields international exploration offices are leased under various contract terms and durations. See Exploration.
Gold Fields also holds title to numerous non-mining properties in South Africa, including buildings, shops, farmland and hospitals. Gold Fields controls approximately 48,200 hectares of land in the West Wits and Welkom regions.
Gold Fields undertakes various research and development projects relating to gold production technology and potential uses of gold. In particular, Gold Fields has developed a patented technology called Biox® through its wholly-owned Swiss subsidiary Biomin Technologies S.A. Biox® involves a process by which bacteria release gold from sulfide bearing gold ore to permit more economical recovery of the gold. On October 2, 2008, Gold Fields entered into an agreement with Bateman Engineering to sell its Biox® Technology Business to Bateman Engineering for a net cash consideration of U.S.$8.8 million. See Recent Developments. Under this agreement, Gold Fields will continue to develop this technology during the next two years.
Gold Fields participates in a collaborative research and development project, entitled the Autek Project, together with AngloGold Ashanti Limited, Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited and Mintek, which is focused on investigating potential new industrial uses for gold. The Autek Project has been integrated into the Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, which is an initiative of the South African governments Department of Science and Technology. Gold Fields primary contribution to the Autek Project is aimed at researching gold nanotechnology.
Gold Fields has concluded its collaboration with an external laboratory and technology development partner in the development and testing of pipe reactor technology for the dissolution of uranium. The Company is also currently involved in the testing of biotechnology for the destruction of cyanide compounds in residue streams, for the purpose of complying with the Cyanide Code.
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On August 21, 2008, Gold Fields Operations Limited, formerly known as Western Areas Limited, or WAL, a subsidiary of Gold Fields, received a summons from Randgold and Exploration Company Limited, or R&E, and African Strategic Investment (Holdings) Limited. The summons claims that during the period that WAL was under the control of Brett Kebble, Roger Kebble and others, WAL was allegedly part of a scam whereby JCI Limited unlawfully disposed of shares owned by R&E in Randgold Resources Limited, or Resources, and Afrikander Lease Limited, now known as Uranium One. WALs preliminary assessment is that it has strong defenses to these claims and accordingly, WALs attorneys have been instructed to vigorously defend the claims. The claims have been computed in various ways. The highest claims have been computed on the basis of the highest prices of Resources and Uranium One between the dates of the alleged thefts and March 2008 (approximately R11 billion). The alternative claims have been computed on the basis of the actual amounts allegedly received by WAL to fund its operations (approximately R519 million). The claims lie only against WAL, which holds a 50% stake in the South Deep Mine. This alleged liability is historic and relates to a period of time prior to Gold Fields purchasing the company.
On May 1, 2008, an accident occurred at the Twin Shaft Complex of the South Deep Mine. The accident occurred at the mines ventilation raise hole and nine people were fatally injured. The Mine Health and Safety Inspectorate, or MHSI, of the DME has commenced an investigation into the accident pursuant to the Mine Health and Safety Act. The MHSI has not yet completed its investigation and, at this point in time, it is unclear whether the MHSI will convert its investigation into an inquiry pursuant to the Mine Health and Safety Act or whether it will hold an inquiry jointly with an inquest. Accordingly, Gold Fields is unable at this time to furnish a view regarding the dates and possible full implications of such further proceedings. South Deep is in the process of conducting its own investigation into the accident.
Other than the summons and investigation described above, Gold Fields is not a party to any material legal or arbitration proceedings, nor is any of its property the subject of pending material legal proceedings.
The following explanations are not intended as technical definitions, but rather are intended to assist the reader in understanding some of the terms used in this annual report.
Absorption, desorption and recovery, or AD&R: a treatment process involving the extraction of gold in solution using activated carbon, followed by removal of the gold from the carbon.
Agglomeration: a method of concentrating gold based on its adhesive characteristics.
Backfill: material, generally sourced from tailings or waste rock, used to refill mined-out areas to increase the long-term stability of mines and mitigate the effects of seismicity.
Brattice wall: a partition normally made from pre-cast concrete panels that separates the fresh air entering and the exhaust exiting a mine shaft.
Carbon absorption: a treatment process which uses activated carbon to remove gold in solution.
Carbon in leach, or CIL: a process similar to CIP (described below) except that the ore slurries are not leached with cyanide prior to carbon loading. Instead, the leaching and carbon loading occur simultaneously.
Carbon in pulp, or CIP: a common process used to extract gold from cyanide leach slurries. The process consists of carbon granules suspended in the slurry and flowing counter-current to the process slurry in multiple- staged agitated tanks. The process slurry, which has been leached with cyanide prior to the CIP process, contains soluble gold. The soluble gold is absorbed onto the carbon granules which are subsequently separated from the slurry by screening. The gold is then recovered from the carbon by electrowinning onto steel wool cathodes or by a similar process.
Cleaning: the process of removing broken rock from a mine.
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Closely spaced dip pillar mining method: a mining method where support pillars are left in place at relatively close intervals to increase the stability of the mine. Mining is conducted using conventional drilling and blasting techniques.
Comminution: the breaking, crushing or grinding of ore by mechanical means.
Crosscut: a mine working driven horizontally and at right angles to a level.
Cut-off grade: the grade which distinguishes the material within the orebody that is to be extracted and treated from the remainder.
De-bottlenecking: decreasing production constraints (e.g., removing mechanical deficiencies so that processed tonnage may be increased).
Decline or incline: a sloping underground opening for machine access from the surface to an underground mine or from level to level in a mine. Declines and inclines are often driven in a spiral to access different elevations in the mine.
Declustered averaging: an estimation technique used in the evaluation of ore reserves.
Depletion: the decrease in quantity of ore in a deposit or property resulting from extraction or production.
Development: activities (including shaft sinking and on-reef and off-reef tunneling) required to prepare for mining activities and maintain a planned production level and those costs incurred to enable the conversion of mineralization to reserves.
Dilution: the mixing of waste rock with ore, resulting in a decrease in the overall grade.
Dissolution: the process whereby a metal is dissolved and becomes amenable to separation from the gangue material.
Electrowinning: the process of removing gold from solution by the action of electric currents.
Elution: removal of the gold from the activated carbon.
Exploration: activities associated with ascertaining the existence, location, extent or quality of mineralization, including economic and technical evaluations of mineralization.
Flotation: the process whereby certain chemicals are added to the material fed to the leach circuit in order to float the desired minerals to produce a concentrate of the mineral to be processed. This process can be carried out in column flotation cells.
Gangue: commercially valueless material remaining after ore extraction from rock.
Gold in process: gold in the processing circuit that is expected to be recovered during or after operations.
Gold reserves: the gold contained within proven and probable reserves on the basis of recoverable material (reported as mill delivered tons and head grade).
Grade: the quantity of metal per unit mass of ore expressed as a percentage or, for gold, as grams of gold per ton of ore.
Greenfield: a potential mining site of unknown quality.
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Grinding: reducing rock to the consistency of fine sand by crushing and abrading in a rotating steel grinding mill.
Head grade: the grade of the ore as delivered to the metallurgical plant.
Heap leaching: a relatively low-cost technique for extracting metals from ore by percolating leaching solutions through heaps of ore placed on impervious pads. Generally used on low-grade ores.
Hypogene: ore or mineral deposits formed by ascending fluids within the earth.
In situ: within unbroken rock or still in the ground.
Kriging: an estimation technique used in the evaluation of ore reserves.
Leaching: dissolution of gold from the crushed and milled material, including reclaimed slime, for absorption and concentration onto the activated carbon.
Level: the workings or tunnels of an underground mine which are on the same horizontal plane.
Life of mine, or LoM: the expected remaining years of production, based on production rates and ore reserves.
London afternoon fixing price: the afternoon session open fixing of the gold price which takes place daily in London and is set by a board comprising five financial institutions.
London morning fixing price: the morning session open fixing of the gold price which takes place daily in London and is set by a board comprising five financial institutions.
Longwall mining method: a mining method involving mining over large continuous spans without the use of pillars.
Mark-to-market: the current fair value of a derivative based on current market prices, or to calculate the current fair value of a derivative based on current market prices, as the case may be.
Measures: conversion factors from metric units to U.S. units are provided below.
Metric unit |
U.S. equivalent | |||
1 ton |
= 1 t | = 1.10231 short tons | ||
1 gram |
= 1 g | = 0.03215 ounces | ||
1 gram per ton |
= 1 g/t | = 0.02917 ounces per short ton | ||
1 kilogram per ton |
= 1 kg/t | = 29.16642 ounces per short ton | ||
1 kilometer |
= 1 km | = 0.62137 miles | ||
1 meter |
= 1 m | = 3.28084 feet | ||
1 centimeter |
= 1 cm | = 0.39370 inches | ||
1 millimeter |
= 1 mm | = 0.03937 inches | ||
1 hectare |
= 1 ha | = 2.47104 acres |
Metallurgical plant: a processing plant used to treat ore and extract the contained gold.
Metallurgical recovery factor: the proportion of metal in the ore delivered to the mill, that is recovered by the metallurgical process or processes.
Metallurgy: in the context of this document, the science of extracting metals from ores and preparing them for sale.
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Mill delivered tons: a quantity, expressed in tons, of ore delivered to the metallurgical plant.
Milling/mill: the comminution of the ore, although the term has come to cover the broad range of machinery inside the treatment plant where the gold is separated from the ore.
Mine call factor: the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the specific product recovered at the mill (plus residue) to the specific product contained in an orebody calculated based on an operations measuring and valuation methods.
Mineralization: the presence of a target mineral in a mass of host rock.
Net smelter return: the volume of refined gold sold during the relevant period multiplied by the average spot gold price and the average exchange rate for the period, less refining, transport and insurance costs.
Open pit: mining in which the ore is extracted from a pit. The geometry of the pit may vary with the characteristics of the orebody.
Ore: a mixture of material containing minerals from which at least one of the minerals can be mined and processed at an economic profit.
Orebody: a well defined mass of material of sufficient mineral content to make extraction economically viable.
Ore grade: the average amount of gold contained in a ton of gold-bearing ore expressed in grams per ton.
Ore reserves or reserves: that part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time of the reserve determination.
Ounce: one troy ounce, which equals 31.1035 grams.
Overburden: the soil and rock that must be removed in order to expose an ore deposit.
Pay limit: the value at which the orebody can be mined without profit or loss, calculated using an appropriate gold price, production costs and recovery factors.
Porphyry: An igneous rock of any composition that contains larger, well-formed mineral grains in a finer-grained groundmass.
Probable reserves: reserves for which quantity and grade and/or quality are computed from information similar to that used for proven reserves, but the sites for inspection, sampling, and measurement are farther apart or are otherwise less adequately spaced. The degree of assurance, although lower than that for proven reserves, is high enough to assume continuity between points of observation.
Production stockpile: the selective accumulation of low grade material which is actively managed as part of the current mining operations.
Prospect: to investigate a site with insufficient data available on mineralization to determine if minerals are economically recoverable.
Prospecting permit or right: permission to explore an area for minerals.
Proven reserves: reserves for which: (1) quantity is computed from dimensions revealed in outcrops, trenches, workings or drill holes; (2) grade and/or quality are computed from the results of detailed sampling; and (3) the sites for inspection, sampling and measurement are spaced so closely and the geologic character is so well defined that size, shape, depth and mineral content of reserves are well-established.
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Reef: a gold-bearing sedimentary horizon, normally a conglomerate band, that may contain economic levels of gold.
Refining: the final stage of metal production in which final impurities are removed from the molten metal by introducing air and fluxes. The impurities are removed as gases or slag.
Rehabilitation: the process of restoring mined land to a condition approximating its original state.
Remnant pillar mining: the removal of blocks of ground previously left behind for various reasons during the normal course of mining.
Rock burst: an event caused by seismicity which results in damage to underground workings and/or loss of life and equipment.
Rock dump: the historical accumulation of low grade material derived in the course of mining which is processed in order to take advantage of spare processing capacity.
Run of Mine, or RoM: a loose term to describe ore of average grade.
Sampling: taking small pieces of rock at intervals along exposed mineralization for assay (to determine the mineral content).
Scattered mining method: conventional mining which is applied in a non-systematic configuration.
Seismicity: a sudden movement within a given volume of rock that radiates detectable seismic waves. The amplitude and frequency of seismic waves radiated from such a source depend, in general, on the strength and state of stress of the rock, the size of the source of seismic radiation, and the magnitude and the rate at which the rock moves during the fracturing process. Rock bursts, as defined above, involve seismicity.
Semi-autogenous grinding, or SAG, mill: a piece of machinery used to crush and grind ore which uses a mixture of steel balls and the ore itself to achieve comminution. The mill is shaped like a cylinder causing the grinding media and the ore itself to impact upon the ore.
Shaft: a shaft provides principal access to the underground workings for transporting personnel, equipment, supplies, ore and waste. A shaft is also used for ventilation and as an auxiliary exit. It may be equipped with a surface hoist system that lowers and raises conveyances for men, materials and ore in the shaft. A shaft generally has more than one conveyancing compartment.
Shortfall: the ratio of actual reef tonnage hoisted compared to monthly reef tonnage broken.
Sichel t: an estimation technique used in the evaluation of ore reserves.
Slimes: the finer fraction of tailings discharged from a processing plant after the valuable minerals have been recovered.
Slurry: a fluid comprising fine solids suspended in a solution (generally water containing additives).
Smelting: thermal processing whereby molten metal is liberated from beneficiated ore or concentrate with impurities separating as lighter slag.
Spot price: the current price of a metal for immediate delivery.
Stockpile: a store of unprocessed ore.
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Stope: the underground excavation within the orebody where the main gold production takes place.
Stripping: the process of removing overburden to mine ore.
Stripping ratio: the number of units of overburden which must be removed in order to mine one unit of ore.
Sulfide: a mineral characterized by the linkages of sulfur with a metal or semi-metal, such as pyrite (iron sulfide). Also a zone in which sulfide minerals occur.
Supergene: ores or ore minerals formed where descending surface water oxidizes mineralized rock and redistributes the ore minerals, often concentrating them in zones.
Tailings: finely ground rock from which valuable minerals have been extracted by milling.
Tailings dam/slimes dam: dams or dumps created from tailings or slimes.
Ton: one ton is equal to 1,000 kilograms (also known as a metric ton).
Tonnage: quantities where the ton or tonne is an appropriate unit of measure. Typically used to measure reserves of gold-bearing material in situ or quantities of ore and waste material mined, transported or milled.
Total cash costs per ounce: a measure of the average cost of producing an ounce of gold, calculated by dividing the total cash costs in a period by the total gold sold over the same period. Total cash costs represent production costs as recorded in the statement of operations less offsite (i.e., central) general and administrative expenses (including head office costs charged to the mines, central training expenses, industry association fees and social development costs) and rehabilitation costs, plus royalties and employee termination costs. In determining the total cash cost of different elements of the operations, production overheads are allocated pro rata.
Total production costs per ounce: a measure of the average cost of producing an ounce of gold, calculated by dividing the total production costs in a period by the total gold production over the same period. Total production costs represent total cash costs, plus amortization, depreciation and rehabilitation costs.
Waste: rock mined with an insufficient gold content to justify processing.
Yield: the actual grade of ore realized after the mining and treatment process.
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ITEM 4A: UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
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ITEM 5: OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
You should read the following discussion and analysis together with Gold Fields consolidated financial statements including the notes, appearing elsewhere in this annual report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below and elsewhere in this annual report includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See Forward-looking Statements and Risk Factors for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report.
Overview
General
Gold Fields is a significant producer of gold and major holder of gold reserves in South Africa, Ghana, Australia and Peru. Gold Fields is primarily involved in underground and surface gold mining and related activities, including exploration, extraction, processing and smelting. Gold Fields is currently the largest gold producer in South Africa, and one of the largest gold producers in the world, on the basis of annual production. In the year ended June 30, 2008, Gold Fields produced 3.915 million ounces of gold, 3.670 million ounces of which were attributable to Gold Fields, and the remainder of which were attributable to minority shareholders in Gold Fields Ghana Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana, Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso and Promotora Minera de Guayana (PMG) S.A., or PMG. Gold Fields reported attributable gold reserves, including copper converted to gold equivalent ounces, of 82.8 million ounces as of June 30, 2008, with attributable gold reserves of 80.5 million ounces and attributable copper reserves of 856 million pounds.
The Gold Fields group holdings evolved through a series of transactions, principally in 1998 and 1999. With effect from January 1, 1998, a company formed on November 21, 1997 and referred to in this discussion as Original Gold Fields acquired substantially all of the gold mining assets and interests previously held by Gold Fields of South Africa Limited, or GFSA, Gencor Limited, New Wits Limited and certain other shareholders in the companies owning the assets and interests. These assets and interests included all of the Beatrix, Oryx and Kloof mines, a 70.0% interest in the Tarkwa mine (which was increased to 71.1% through dilution of some of the other shareholders in 1999), a 54.2% interest in the St. Helena mine and a 37.3% interest in the Driefontein mine. The transaction involved a purchase of the assets and interests held by the three selling companies, as well as offers to the minority shareholders of the three companies holding the Beatrix, Oryx and Kloof mines to acquire their shares in exchange for Original Gold Fields shares. Original Gold Fields accounted for the transaction as a purchase. Because Original Gold Fields was formed as a subsidiary of GFSA, the assets acquired from GFSA were accounted for at the value they had been carried at on GFSAs books. The assets acquired from Gencor Limited, New Wits Limited and the minority shareholders were accounted for at fair value.
With legal effect from January 1, 1999, Original Gold Fields was acquired by the company that is today Gold Fields. For accounting purposes, Original Gold Fields was fully consolidated with effect from June 1, 1999. Although for legal purposes Gold Fields acquired Original Gold Fields, for accounting purposes, Original Gold Fields was considered the acquirer because the Original Gold Fields shareholders obtained the majority interest in the enlarged company. As part of this transaction, the remaining interest in the Driefontein mine came into the Gold Fields group.
With effect from July 1, 1999, Gold Fields acquired the remaining interest in the St. Helena mine and reorganized the group to simplify its holding structure. Since that time, Gold Fields has acquired its Australian operations and Abosso mine in Ghana, sold the St. Helena mine, sold a 15% beneficial interest in its South African operations to Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, or Mvela Resources, restructured its South African operations, and acquired its interests in the Cerro Corona Project. It also acquired, then sold, its Venezuelan operations. See Information on the Company.
In fiscal 2007, Gold Fields acquired the entire issued share capital of Barrick Gold South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, or BGSA, and the remaining shares of Western Areas Limited, or Western Areas, which it
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did not already own. BGSA and Western Areas each held a 50% interest in the Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture, an unincorporated entity that owned the developing South Deep gold mine adjacent to Gold Fields Kloof gold mine, located in the Witwatersrand basin near Johannesburg. See Acquisition of South Deep. After the acquisition, BGSA was renamed GFI Joint Ventures Holding (Pty) Limited, or GFI Joint Ventures, and Western Areas was renamed Gold Fields Operations Limited, or Gold Fields Operations.
Total gold production was 3.915 million ounces in fiscal 2008 (3.670 million ounces of which were attributable to Gold Fields with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in Gold Fields Ghana, Abosso and PMG.) Total gold production was 4.285 million ounces in fiscal 2007 (4.024 million ounces of which were attributable to Gold Fields with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in Gold Fields Ghana, Abosso, PMG and South Deep). In fiscal 2008 production from the South African operations decreased 9% mainly due to power disruptions in the second half of the fiscal year. Beatrixs production was 18.5% lower due to a decline in volumes mined and processed due to the power disruptions, together with a decrease in yield due to a poor mine call factor. This was partly offset by the inclusion of a full year of production from South Deep as compared with only seven months in fiscal 2007. Production at the international operations also decreased 9%. In Australia, St. Ives production decreased 14% due to reductions in recovered grade as scheduled ore from Cave Rocks and Belleisle did not come into production during the year. At Agnew, production was 4% lower due to the depletion of Songvang high grade stockpiles which were replaced by lower grade stockpiles. In Ghana, Tarkwas production was 7% lower due to high seasonal rainfall in the first half of the year which resulted in lower mined and processed ore and a slightly lower yield. Damangs production was 4% higher due to increased high grade ore from the Damang pit cutback.
Mvelaphanda Transaction
On March 8, 2004, the shareholders of Gold Fields approved a series of transactions, referred to in this discussion as the Mvelaphanda Transaction, involving the acquisition by Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, or Mvela Resources, of a 15% beneficial interest in the South African gold mining assets of Gold Fields for cash consideration of Rand 4,139 million.
The Mvelaphanda Transaction was preceded by an internal restructuring of Gold Fields, whereby each of the Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix mining operations, as well as certain ancillary assets and operations, were transferred to a new, wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields, GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, or GFIMSA.
On November 26, 2003, Gold Fields, Mvela Resources, Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, or Mvela Gold, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mvela Resources, and GFIMSA entered into a covenants agreement, or the Covenants Agreement, regulating their rights and obligations with respect to GFIMSA. This agreement became effective following the advance by Mvela Gold of the loan to GFIMSA described below, which is referred to in this discussion as the Mvela Loan, and, among other things, provides for Mvela Gold to nominate two members of GFIMSAs board of directors and two members of each of GFIMSAs Operations Committee and Transformation Committee, the latter of which has been established to monitor compliance with the mining charter promulgated under the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 2002 No. 28 of 2002. See Information on the CompanyRegulatory and Environmental MattersSouth AfricaMineral Rights. Under the Covenants Agreement, GFIMSA cannot dispose of any material assets, enter into, cancel or alter any material transaction between GFIMSA and any related party or make any material amendment to its constitutive documents without the prior written consent of Mvela Gold. In addition, if Gold Fields or GFIMSA wants to increase the interest of black empowerment entities in GFIMSA or in any business or assets of GFIMSA, other than pursuant to an employee share incentive scheme, Gold Fields must offer to Mvela Gold the opportunity to increase its interest in GFIMSA. By its terms, the Covenants Agreement remains in force for so long as Gold Fields remains a shareholder in GFIMSA and Mvela Gold holds its empowerment interest in or is a shareholder of GFIMSA and Mvela Gold holds the right to subscribe for 15% of the share interest in GFIMSA, provided that it terminates if the shares of GFIMSA are listed on the JSE.
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On December 11, 2003, Gold Fields, GFIMSA, and Mvela Gold entered into a subscription and share exchange agreement, or the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which, upon repayment of the Mvela Loan, Mvela Gold must subscribe for shares equal to 15% of GFIMSAs outstanding share capital, including the newly issued shares, for consideration of Rand 4,139 million. In addition, for a period of one year after the subscription by Mvela Gold of the GFIMSA shares, each of Gold Fields and Mvela Gold will be entitled to require the exchange of Mvela Golds GFIMSA shares for ordinary shares of Gold Fields of an equivalent value based on an exchange ratio equal to 15% of a discounted cash flow calculation as applied to GFIMSAs operations divided by the same calculation as applied to Gold Fields operations, with certain adjustments. In the event that the parties do not agree on the number of Gold Fields ordinary shares to be issued to Mvela Gold in such exchange, then the exchange ratio will be determined by an independent merchant bank or investment bank appointed by the parties. Mvela Gold has ceded its rights under the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement to secure its obligations under certain mezzanine financing it incurred to fund, in part, the Mvela Loan. Mvela Gold is entitled to dispose of the GFIMSA shares and any Gold Fields ordinary shares it may hold only in accordance with the terms of a pre-emptive rights agreement entered into by the parties whereby if Mvela Gold receives an offer for, or otherwise wishes to sell, any GFIMSA or Gold Fields shares, it must first offer to sell them to Gold Fields. The Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement became unconditional following the advance of the Mvela Loan to GFIMSA on March 17, 2004.
On December 11, 2003, Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Mvela Gold, First Rand Bank Limited, Gold Fields Australia Pty Limited, or Gold Fields Australia, and Gold Fields Guernsey Limited (now Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited, or Gold Fields Holdings), entered into a loan agreement, or the Mvela Loan Agreement, pursuant to which Mvela Gold advanced a loan of Rand 4,139 million, or the Mvela Loan, to GFIMSA on March 17, 2004. GFIMSA applied the loan toward funding its acquisition of Gold Fields South African mining operations and certain ancillary assets and operations as part of the internal restructuring of Gold Fields. The Mvela Loan has a term of five years, bears interest at a rate of 10.57% per annum and is guaranteed by Gold Fields, Gold Fields Australia and Gold Fields Holdings. GFIMSA may elect to repay the Mvela Loan, together with the present value of the then outstanding interest payment obligations and the tax payable by Mvela Gold as a result of such repayment, at any time starting 12 months after the Mvela Loan was advanced. While the Mvela Loan is outstanding, Gold Fields and any of its material subsidiaries, which is defined as any subsidiary whose gross turnover in the most recently ended financial year represents more than 5% of the consolidated gross turnover of Gold Fields and its subsidiaries, may not, subject to certain exceptions, (i) sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any assets, (ii) enter into any merger or similar transaction, or (iii) encumber its assets. The Mvela Loan will become immediately due and payable upon the occurrence of any event of default, which includes, among other things:
| failure to make payments of interest or principal; |
| breach of the covenants in the agreement or of any material provision of the documents relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction; |
| any representation or statement of GFIMSA or any guarantor in the documents relating to the Mvela Loan being incorrect or misleading in a material and adverse way; |
| default under other indebtedness of Gold Fields or any of its material subsidiaries in excess of Rand 75 million; |
| insolvency of Gold Fields or any of its material subsidiaries; |
| failure of Gold Fields or any of its material subsidiaries to pay any judgment in excess of Rand 75 million within five days of it becoming due; |
| government expropriation of Gold Fields or any of its material subsidiaries or their respective material assets; |
| a change in the business, condition or prospects of any guarantor or Gold Fields and its subsidiaries taken as a whole that is reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the ability of GFIMSA or |
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of any guarantor to perform its obligations or on the validity or enforceability of any document relating to the Mvela Loan; |
| any litigation, arbitration, administrative proceedings or governmental or regulatory investigations or proceedings against Gold Fields or any of its material subsidiaries that is reasonably likely to be adversely determined and if so determined, could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of GFIMSA or any guarantor to perform its obligations or on the validity or enforceability of any document relating to the Mvela Loan; |
| any change in control of Gold Fields that occurs without the written consent of the agent of the providers of the commercial bank debt that funded, in part, the Mvela Loan, or the Senior Agent, where the change in control could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of any guarantor to perform its obligations or on the validity or enforceability of any document relating to the Mvela Loan; and |
| GFIMSA ceasing to be a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields. |
The Mvela Loan was funded by way of commercial bank debt of approximately Rand 1,300 million and mezzanine finance of approximately Rand 1,100 million, with the balance of approximately Rand 1,700 million being raised by way of an international private placement of shares of Mvela Resources. In connection with the mezzanine finance, Gold Fields subscribed for preference shares in an amount of Rand 200 million in Micawber 325 (Proprietary) Limited, or Micawber, a special purpose entity established by the mezzanine lenders. Further, Gold Fields subscribed for Rand 100 million of the shares issued by Mvela Resources in the private placement. In addition, pursuant to an agreement entered into on February 13, 2004, or the PIC Agreement, Gold Fields has effectively guaranteed a loan of Rand 150 million, or the PIC Loan, made by the Public Investment Corporation, or the PIC, to Micawber. Interest on the PIC Loan accrues at the rate of 14.25%, is compounded semi-annually and is payable in one lump sum at the end of the term of the loan. Under the terms of the PIC Agreement, the PIC has the right to require Gold Fields to assume all its rights and obligations under the PIC Loan, together with its underlying security, which consists of the PICs proportionate share of Mvela Golds rights under the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement and a guarantee of Rand 200 million from Mvela Resources, at a price equal to the value of the principal and interest of the PIC Loan, net of a guarantee fee equal to 3.75% per annum of the value of the principal and interest of the loan, if, at the time the PIC Loan is due for repayment, Micawber does not repay the loan in full. Whether or not the PIC requires Gold Fields to assume its rights and obligations under the PIC Loan, the PIC is obligated to pay the guarantee fee to Gold Fields on the date on which the PIC Loan is repaid to the PIC. See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCash ResourcesInvesting and Credit FacilitiesMvela Loan.
On February 13, 2004, the Mvela Loan Agreement was amended, principally in order to add and clarify certain definitions.
On November 17, 2004, GFL Mining Services Limited, or GFLMSL, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources and GFIMSA entered into an agreement, referred to in this discussion as the Amendment Agreement, amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement and the Covenants Agreement. Pursuant to the Amendment Agreement, among other things, (i) GFIMSA agrees not to repay any debt owing, as at the date on which the Mvela Loan was advanced, to Gold Fields or any subsidiary of Gold Fields that is not a subsidiary of GFIMSA prior to the time Mvela Gold may exchange its shares in GFIMSA for Gold Fields ordinary shares, pursuant to the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement, (ii) GFIMSA must utilize 50% of its free cash flow to pay certain intra-group indebtedness and (iii) Mvela Gold will be entitled to not less than 45,000,000 or not more than 55,000,000 Gold Fields ordinary shares in the event that GFIMSA shares are exchanged for Gold Fields shares pursuant to the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement. These minimum and maximum numbers of ordinary shares are subject to adjustment to take account of changes to Gold Fields capital structure and certain corporate activities of Gold Fields. The amendments were approved by the Senior Agent and by the lenders who provided the commercial bank debt and mezzanine finance to Mvela Gold to fund, in part, the Mvela Loan.
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During the first part of fiscal 2007, Mvelaphanda Holdings (Proprietary) Limited, or Mvela Holdings entered into various agreements in terms of which the status quo regarding the shareholding in Mvela Resources as of the date of the Mvelaphanda Transaction was restored by Mvela Holdings once again having a direct interest in the issued share capital of Mvela Resources. On July 17, 2006, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others entered into an agreement further amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including, among others, the Covenants Agreement and the sponsor support, guarantee and retention agreement, or the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement, dated February 13, 2004, among Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, Mvela Gold, Micawber and FirstRand Bank Limited. In accordance with the revised agreements, Mvela Holdings undertook to remain an HDSA company, to retain beneficial ownership of no less than 26% of the issued equity share capital of Mvela Resources, to have board control of Mvela Resources (together with other HDSAs) and to retain management control of Mvela Resources pursuant to a written management agreement.
On December 7, 2006, Mvela Resources announced a transaction between Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings (Proprietary) Limited, or Mvela Holdings, the parent company of Mvela Resources, Lazarus Zim and Afripalm Resources, an HDSA company formed by Lazarus Zim, in terms of which the parties amongst other things agreed as follows:
| Afripalm will subscribe for shares in Mvela Resources to acquire economic and voting interests in Mvela Resources of approximately 19.3% and 31%, respectively. As a result of such acquisition, the economic and voting interests of Mvela Holdings, the other major HDSA shareholder in Mvela Resources, will be approximately 22.9% and 19.6%, respectively. As a result of the increase in the broad-based HDSA voting control of Mvela Resources to more than 50%, Mvela Resources will thus be an HDSA controlled company; and |
| the management agreement between Mvela Resources and Mvela Holdings, in terms of which the latter managed the day-to-day operations of Mvela Resources, was cancelled. |
Subsequently, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others entered into an agreement further amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including, among others, the Covenants Agreement and the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement. In accordance with the revised agreements, Mvela Holdings and Afripalm (and certain of its subsidiaries) undertook jointly (i) to remain HDSA companies, (ii) to retain beneficial ownership of no less than 26% of the issued equity share capital of Mvela Resources, (iii) to retain voting control over no less than 50% of the issued equity share capital of Mvela Resources, and (iv) to have board control of Mvela Resources (together with other HDSAs).
On August 24, 2007, the Mvela Loan Agreement was amended, principally in order to relax certain financial covenants.
On March 17, 2008, a Memorandum of Agreement was signed between the Company, GFLMSL, Mvela Resources, Mvela Gold and GFIMSA whereby the number of shares for which the GFIMSA shares are to be exchanged pursuant to the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement was fixed at 50,000,000.
On March 27, 2008, Mvela Resources obtained the consent of the Company, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others under the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement to enter into a proposed transaction with Anglo Platinum Limited, or APL, and Northam Platinum Limited, or Northam, in terms of which Mvela Resources will purchase approximately 53.1 million Northam shares from APLs subsidiaries and will advance shareholder loans to, and become the holder of the entire issued share capital of, Micawber 278 (Proprietary) Limited, or M278, which owns APLs indirect 50% beneficial interest in the Booysendal Platinum Project. In addition, Mvela Resources will sell all its indirect shareholdings in M278 to Northam in exchange for 121 million new Northam shares.
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In addition, this agreement effectively replaced the Mvela Holdings guarantee set out in the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement with a guarantee by Nedbank Limited for the due and punctual payment and performance by Mvela Resources of its obligations under the guarantee provided by Mvela Resources under the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement.
Acquisition and Disposal of Choco 10
In a transaction announced on November 21, 2005, and which became effective on February 28, 2006, Gold Fields acquired a 95% interest in the Choco 10 gold mine and surrounding exploration tenements in the El Callao district of Guayana, Venezuela, through the purchase of Bolivar Gold Corp., or Bolivar, for total cash consideration of approximately U.S.$330 million.
Gold Fields owned its interest in the Choco 10 mine through its 95% holding in PMG. PMG is a venture between Promotora Minera de Venezuela, S.A., or Promiven (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields which it acquired from Bolivar), and a subsidiary of Corporacion Venezolana de Guayana, or CVG, a governmental development entity for the Guayana region. Gold Fields assumed operation of PMG on March 1, 2006.
On November 30, 2007, Gold Fields disposed of its assets in Venezuela to Rusoro Mining Ltd., or Rusoro, for a total consideration of approximately U.S.$413 million comprising U.S.$180 million in cash and 140 million newly-issued Rusoro shares, which at the time of sale represented approximately 37% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro.
Acquisition of La Cima
On January 11, 2006, Gold Fields acquired an 80.72% economic and 92% voting interest in Sociedad Minera La Cima S.A., now known as Gold Fields La Cima S.A., or La Cima, for a total consideration of U.S.$40.5 million. La Cima is the holding company for the Cerro Corona Project. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsPeru Operation and Credit FacilitiesCerro Corona Facility.
The Cerro Corona Project became operational during the first quarter of fiscal 2009.
Acquisition of South Deep
In fiscal 2007, pursuant to a series of transactions, Gold Fields acquired 100% of BGSA and Western Areas, giving it ownership of the South Deep gold mine in South Africa. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsSouth Deep Operation and Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities.
On December 1, 2006, Gold Fields acquired 100% of the issued share capital of BGSA for $1,154.8 million. The $1,154.8 million comprised:
| $324.0 million in Gold Fields ordinary shares issued; |
| $801.8 million in cash; |
| $24.2 million relating to the reimbursement of an insurance claim to the vendors; and |
| $4.8 million of direct costs relating to the acquisition. |
Gold Fields also repaid $407.0 million owing by BGSA to Barrick Gold Africa.
Through a series of purchases completed by March 31, 2007, Gold Fields acquired 100% of the issued share capital of Western Areas for $1,033.5 million. The $1,033.5 million comprised:
| $893.8 million in Gold Fields ordinary shares issued; |
| $116.6 million in respect of shares acquired in years prior to fiscal 2007; |
| $17.2 million in cash paid in fiscal 2007; and |
| $5.9 million of direct costs relating to the acquisition. |
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Therefore, the total purchase consideration to acquire South Deep was $2,188.3 million.
These business combinations have been accounted for as purchase transactions, with Gold Fields being identified as the acquirer and BGSA and Western Areas as the acquirees. Gold Fields consolidated financial statements include the operating results of BGSA and Western Areas for the period from December 1, 2006 to June 30, 2007.
For the purposes of Gold Fields consolidated financial statements, the purchase consideration for each of BGSA and Western Areas has been allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on managements best estimates, taking into account all available information at the time of acquisition.
Gold Fields concluded that the excess of the purchase consideration over the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired represents goodwill in respect of the transaction.
The allocation of the purchase consideration of $2,188.3 million is as follows:
| Property, plant and equipment totaling $1,867.7 million; |
| Other assets worth $297.5 million; |
| Liabilities totaling $1,196.2 million which included the gold derivative structure held by Western Areas; and |
| Goodwill of $1,219.3 million. |
The goodwill arising on the acquisition of BGSA and Western Areas principally represents the difference between the purchase consideration and the fair value on the assets acquired and can be attributed to the upside potential of the asset.
As a result of Gold Fields acquiring 100% of the issued share capital of BGSA, South Deep was fully consolidated as from December 1, 2006.
During the period between December 1, 2006 and March 31, 2007, Gold Fields did not own 100% of Western Areas and therefore did not own 100% of South Deep. The percentages of the results of Western Areas and South Deep that did not accrue to Gold Fields have been accounted for as minority interests. U.S. GAAP requires that where a company is acquired through a series of transactions, an investment in that company that was previously accounted for as available for sale be retrospectively accounted for on an equity basis. Since Gold Fields had previously held interests in Western Areas which were accounted for as available for sale, its results for prior years and the period July 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006 have been adjusted accordingly.
As a result of the acquisition of Western Areas, Gold Fields became exposed to the gold derivative structure held by Western Areas, which consisted of put and call options as well as deferred premium. The marked to market valuation of this derivative structure as of December 1, 2006, the date of acquisition, was negative $539.0 million at a gold price of $631.75 per ounce. The structure was closed out on January 24, 2007 at a gold price of $643.00 per ounce with a payment of $549 million after deducting scheduled maturities of $10 million. This resulted in a realized loss of $20.7 million.
During December 2006 and January 2007, Western Areas purchased 1.005 million ounces of gold, which was the net delta position of the gold derivative structure, at an average gold price of $622.14 per ounce. These purchases are referred to herein as gold delta purchases. This position was subsequently sold at a gold price of $643.00 per ounce on January 24, 2007 resulting in a net gain of $21.0 million on the gold delta purchases.
Acquisition of IRCA
On March 1, 2007, Gold Fields acquired 70% of IRCA (Pty) Limited, or IRCA, for $7.9 million. The consideration consisted of $5.3 million in cash plus the assumption of a bank overdraft of $2.6 million. IRCA is a company that specializes in mine safety training and it is now part of the Gold Fields Business Leadership Academy, or GFBLA, structure.
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Sale of Essakane Project
On October 11, 2007, Gold Fields reached an agreement to sell its 60% stake in the Essakane project to Orezone for a minimum total consideration of U.S.$200 million. The transaction closed on November 26, 2007. Orezone paid Gold Fields U.S.$152 million in cash and issued 41,666,667 common shares having an aggregate subscription price of U.S.$48 million to its wholly-owned subsidiary, Gold Fields Essakane (BVI) Limited. Following the acquisition, Gold Fields owned 41,666,667 common shares of Orezone, representing 12.2% of Orezones issued and outstanding common shares. See Information on the CompanyHistory.
Revenues
Substantially all of Gold Fields revenues are derived from the sale of gold. As a result, Gold Fields revenues are directly related to the price of gold. Historically, the price of gold has fluctuated widely. The gold price is affected by numerous factors over which Gold Fields does not have control. See Risk FactorsChanges in the market price for gold, and to a lesser extent copper, which in the past have fluctuated widely, affect the profitability of Gold Fields operations and the cash flows generated by those operations. The volatility of gold prices is illustrated in the following table, which shows the annual high, low and average of the London afternoon fixing price of gold in U.S. dollars for the past 12 calendar years and to date in calendar year 2008:
Price per ounce(1) | ||||||
High | Low | Average | ||||
($) | ||||||
1996 |
415 | 367 | 388 | |||
1997 |
367 | 283 | 331 | |||
1998 |
313 | 273 | 294 | |||
1999 |
326 | 253 | 279 | |||
2000 |
313 | 264 | 282 | |||
2001 |
293 | 256 | 270 | |||
2002 |
349 | 278 | 310 | |||
2003 |
416 | 320 | 363 | |||
2004 |
454 | 375 | 409 | |||
2005 |
537 | 411 | 445 | |||
2006 |
725 | 525 | 604 | |||
2007 |
834 | 607 | 687 | |||
2008 (through October 31, 2008) |
1,011 | 713 | 887 |
Source: Bloomberg
Note:
(1) | Rounded to the nearest U.S. dollar. |
On October 31, 2008, the London afternoon fixing price of gold was U.S.$731 per ounce.
As a general rule, Gold Fields sells the gold it produces at market prices to obtain the maximum benefit from prevailing gold prices and does not enter into hedging arrangements such as forward sales or derivatives which establish a price in advance for the sale of its future gold production. However, hedges are sometimes undertaken in one or more of the following circumstances: to protect cash flows at times of significant capital expenditures; for specific debt servicing requirements; and to safeguard the viability of higher cost operations. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market RiskCommodity Price SensitivityCommodity Price Hedging Policy. Significant changes in the price of gold over a sustained period of time may lead Gold Fields to increase or decrease its production in the near-term, which could have a material impact on Gold Fields revenues.
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Gold Fields Realized Gold Price
The following table sets out the average, the high and the low London afternoon fixing price of gold and Gold Fields average U.S. dollar realized gold price during the past three fiscal years:
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||
($/oz) | ||||||
Average |
525 | 638 | 821 | |||
High |
725 | 691 | 1,011 | |||
Low |
418 | 561 | 649 | |||
Gold Fields average realized gold price(1) |
524 | 638 | 819 |
Note:
(1) | Gold Fields average realized gold price may differ from the average gold price due to the timing of its sales of gold within each year. |
Costs
Over the last three fiscal years, Gold Fields total cash costs have typically made up approximately 80% of total costs and consist primarily of labor and, where applicable, contractor costs, and consumable stores, which include explosives, timber and other consumables, including diesel fuel and other petroleum products.
Gold Fields South African operations are labor intensive due to the use of deep level underground mining methods. As a result, over the last three fiscal years labor has represented on average approximately 49% of total cash costs at the South African operations. At the South African operations, power and water made up on average approximately 10% of total cash costs over the last three fiscal years. At the Ghana operations, mining operations at Damang are conducted by an outside contractor, while starting in fiscal 2005, Tarkwa began engaging in owner mining and therefore significantly reducing its use of outside contractors. Contractor costs represented on average 23% of total cash costs at Tarkwa over the last three fiscal years, and 21% of total cash costs during fiscal 2008. Over the last three fiscal years contractor costs represented on average 46% of total cash costs at Damang. Direct labor costs represent on average a further 10% of total cash costs at Tarkwa over the last three fiscal years and 9% in fiscal 2008. Over the last three fiscal years direct labor costs represented on average 6% at Damang. At the Australian operations, mining operations are conducted by outside contractors. Over the last three fiscal years, total contractor costs represented on average 60% at Agnew and 38% at St. Ives of total cash costs and direct labor costs represented on average a further 17% at Agnew and 11% at St. Ives of total cash costs.
For open-pit operations, such as those at the Ghana and Australia operations, cash costs tend to vary over the life of the open pit. Initially, cash costs are relatively high because the proportion of waste rock to ore, or stripping ratio, is higher when operations first commence. As an open pit evolves, the stripping ratio and cash cost per ounce tend to decrease. Stripping ratios can, however, increase over the life of an operation.
Gold Fields operations in Ghana consume large quantities of diesel fuel for the running of its mining fleet. The cost of diesel fuel is directly related to the oil price and any movement in the oil price will have an impact on the cost of diesel fuel and therefore the cost of running the mining fleet. In addition, during fiscal 2008, continued limitations on electricity supplies from Gold Fields Ghanas electricity supplier because of the low water reservoir level at its hydroelectric generating facility meant that Gold Fields Ghana was forced to use emergency diesel-powered generators to make up the difference. As a result, Gold Fields incurred operating costs of approximately U.S.$ 6.5 million from the use of the diesel generators in fiscal 2008. However, the rainy season of 2007, together with conservative management of hydroelectric generation, has allowed water levels to rise and rationing was lifted in early calendar 2008. There can, though, be no assurance that there will not be new disruptions to the electricity supply. See Risk FactorsSome of Gold Fields power suppliers have forced it to
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halt or curtail activities at its mines, due to severe power disruptions. Power stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition and Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsGhana OperationsTarkwa MineMining. Over the last three fiscal years, fuel costs have represented approximately 15% of total cash costs at the Ghana operations. Fuel use is proportionately higher at the Ghana operations than at the South African or Australian operations because open pit mining in general requires more fuel usage than underground mining and because of the configuration of the Ghana operations, including the scale of certain of the open pits and the distances between the pits and the plants. In order to provide some protection against future rises in oil prices, and therefore in diesel fuel prices, Gold Fields has in recent years entered into various call options for diesel fuel for the benefit of its Ghana operations. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskCommodity Price Sensitivity, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskCommodity Price Hedging PolicyOil, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskCommodity Price Hedging ExperienceOil and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskCommodity Price Contract PositionOil.
During fiscal 2008, price participation royalties of A$13.1 million (U.S.$11.7 million) were paid in respect of St. Ives. Total gold produced from St. Ives since November 30, 2001 exceeded 3.3 million ounces during fiscal 2008, creating the liability to pay the 4% net smelter return royalty which amounted to A$0.9 million ($0.8 million) for fiscal 2008. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsAustralia Operations.
The remainder of Gold Fields total costs consist primarily of amortization and depreciation, exploration costs and selling, administration and general and corporate charges.
Notional Cash Expenditure
Gold Fields defines notional cash expenditure, or NCE, as operating costs plus additions to property, plant and equipment, and defines operating costs as production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) plus corporate expenditure, employment termination costs and accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation. Gold Fields reports NCE on a per ounce basis. Management considers NCE per ounce to be an important measure as it believes NCE per ounce provides more information than other commonly used measures, such as total cash costs per ounce, regarding the real cost to Gold Fields of producing an ounce of gold, reflecting not only the ongoing costs of production but also the investment cost of bringing mines into production. Management also believes that NCE per ounce is a useful indication of the cash Gold Fields has available to do things other than produce gold, such as paying taxes, repaying debt, funding exploration and paying dividends.
NCE is not a U.S. GAAP measure. An investor should not consider NCE or operating costs in isolation or as alternatives to production costs, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. NCE and operating costs as presented in this annual report may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of performance of other companies.
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The following tables set out a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs, as calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, to its NCE for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006.
For the year ended June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | Choco 10 | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group | ||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise noted)(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
390.3 | 358.9 | 229.0 | 170.3 | 312.5 | 126.9 | 25.1 | 292.2 | 97.5 | | (6.6 | ) | 1,996.1 | ||||||||||||
Add : |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
8.5 | 7.4 | 4.6 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 5.2 | 1.3 | 41.0 | |||||||||||||
Employment termination costs |
2.2 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 9.4 | | | | 0.3 | | | | 16.2 | |||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
1.1 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.8 | | | 12.0 | |||||||||||||
Operating costs |
402.1 | 370.8 | 238.0 | 183.0 | 317.0 | 128.5 | 28.2 | 298.5 | 99.3 | 5.2 | (5.3 | ) | 2,065.3 | ||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
139.8 | 123.5 | 79.3 | 107.9 | 169.7 | 10.8 | 7.4 | 83.6 | 24.1 | 348.4 | 59.9 | 1,154.4 | |||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure |
541.9 | 494.3 | 317.3 | 290.9 | 486.7 | 139.3 | 35.6 | 382.1 | 123.4 | 353.6 | 54.6 | 3,219.7 | |||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz) |
928.0 | 820.9 | 438.1 | 232.1 | 646.1 | 194.2 | 33.8 | 417.7 | 203.7 | | | 3,914.6 | |||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($) |
584 | 602 | 724 | 1,253 | 753 | 717 | 1,053 | 915 | 606 | | | 822 | |||||||||||||
Note:
(1) | Calculated using an average exchange rate of R7.27 per $1.00. |
For the year ended June 30, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | Choco 10 | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group | ||||||||||||||||
(in $ million except as otherwise noted)(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
361.2 | 344.9 | 211.1 | 99.0 | 261.5 | 109.0 | 33.7 | 212.5 | 83.1 | | (8.3 | ) | 1,707.7 | ||||||||||||||
Add : |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
8.6 | 5.7 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 0.8 | | 5.6 | 38.4 | |||||||||||||||
Employment termination costs |
2.1 | 1.8 | 0.9 | | | | | | | | 0.1 | 4.9 | |||||||||||||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
3.6 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 0.1 | 0.6 | (1.8 | ) | 0.5 | 1.6 | (2.0 | ) | | | 6.4 | |||||||||||||
Operating costs |
375.5 | 354.4 | 217.6 | 102.0 | 265.1 | 109.2 | 37.9 | 216.4 | 81.9 | | (2.6 | ) | 1,757.4 | ||||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
113.2 | 107.8 | 82.3 | 39.4 | 83.8 | 8.2 | 20.5 | 67.0 | 21.5 | 233.9 | 19.4 | 797.0 | |||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure |
488.7 | 462.2 | 299.9 | 141.4 | 348.9 | 117.4 | 58.4 | 283.4 | 103.4 | 233.9 | 16.8 | 2,554.4 | |||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz) |
1,016.5 | 922.9 | 543.4 | 163.2 | 697.2 | 187.9 | 54.6 | 486.9 | 212.4 | | | 4,285.0 | |||||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($) |
481 | 501 | 552 | 866 | 500 | 624 | 1,070 | 582 | 487 | | | 596 | |||||||||||||||
Note:
(1) | Calculated using an average exchange rate of R7.20 per $1.00. |
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For the year ended June 30, 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | Choco 10 | St. Ives | Agnew | Cerro Corona |
Corporate | Group | |||||||||||||
(in $ millions except as otherwise indicated)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Cost |
365.1 | 343.4 | 212.2 | | 211.7 | 101.7 | 8.4 | 176.3 | 80.9 | | | 1499.7 | ||||||||||||
Add : |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenditure |
8.7 | 7.4 | 3.6 | | | | | 1.6 | 0.5 | | 0.1 | 21.9 | ||||||||||||
Employment termination costs |
2.4 | 3.0 | 2.1 | | | | | 0.8 | 0.5 | | | 8.8 | ||||||||||||
Accretion expense on environmental rehabilitation |
2.6 | 3.3 | 2.3 | | 0.4 | | | | | | | 8.6 | ||||||||||||
Operating cost |
378.8 | 357.1 | 220.2 | | 212.1 | 101.7 | 8.4 | 178.7 | 81.9 | | 0.1 | 1,539.0 | ||||||||||||
Additional to property, plant and equipment |
84.9 | 75.4 | 69.9 | | 41.4 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 45.7 | 17.0 | | 33.4 | 377.1 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure |
463.7 | 432.5 | 290.1 | | 253.5 | 105.9 | 13.6 | 224.4 | 98.9 | | 33.5 | 1,916.1 | ||||||||||||
Gold produced (000oz) |
1,149.5 | 914.0 | 596.1 | | 709.2 | 235.1 | 25.3 | 496.4 | 222.4 | | | 4,348.0 | ||||||||||||
Notional cash expenditure per ounce of gold produced ($) |
403 | 473 | 487 | | 357 | 450 | 538 | 452 | 445 | | | 441 | ||||||||||||
Note:
(1) | Calculated using an average exchange rate of R6.40 per $1.00. |
NCE increased from $441 per ounce in fiscal 2006 to $596 per ounce in fiscal 2007 and to $822 per ounce in fiscal 2008, primarily because of significant increases in both operating costs per ounce and additions to property, plant and equipment.
One of Gold Fields short-term strategic objectives is to reduce its NCE per ounce to $725 (as calculated for management reporting purposes, using an exchange rate of R8.00 to $1.00). See Information on the CompanyStrategyStrategic ReviewShort-term Priorities.
South African Power Disruptions
In South Africa, Gold Fields mining operations are dependent upon electrical power generated by the South African governmental electricity supply body, Eskom. Eskom holds a monopoly on power supply in the South African market. As a result of an increase in demand exceeding available generating capacity, South Africa has been subject to disruptions in electrical power supply. On January 25, 2008, Gold Fields suspended all mining activity at its South African operations, due to Eskom requesting their Key Industrial Consumers, of which Gold Fields is one, to reduce consumption to the minimum possible load. 50% of Gold Fields normal electrical consumption is required simply to pump, ventilate and refrigerate its operations. On January 28, 2008, the power supply was restored to 71% of total average consumption. On January 29, 2008, 80% of total average power consumption was restored to Gold Fields mines and Eskom reinstated the authorization for mines to increase their power load from 80% to 90% on February 1, 2008. On March 7, 2008, the South African mining industry was allocated an additional 260 MW of power and on Friday, March 14, 2008, Eskom informed Gold Fields of its portion of the additional amount which Gold Fields has allocated to its Kloof and Driefontein mines. These allocations increased the total power available to Gold Fields South African mines to approximately 95% of the historical average consumption profile at Driefontein and Kloof, and 90% at the Beatrix and South Deep mines.
There can be no assurance that power supplies can or will be maintained at this level, particularly as the actual baseline historical average consumption rate has not yet been fully agreed with Eskom. Eskom has also advised Gold Fields that it intends to increase power tariffs significantly. In fiscal 2008, power costs made up approximately 10% of the operating costs at the South African operations. See Risk FactorsSome of Gold Fields power suppliers have forced it to halt or curtail activities at its mines, due to severe power disruptions.
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Power stoppages, fluctuations and power cost increases may adversely affect Gold Fields results of operations and its financial condition and Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsDriefontein OperationMining
Income and Mining Taxes
South Africa
Gold Fields pays taxes on its taxable income generated by its mining and non-mining tax entities. Under South African law, gold mining companies and non-gold mining companies are taxed at different rates. For tax purposes, GFIMSA is considered a gold mining company whereas Gold Fields itself and its other South African subsidiaries are non-gold mining companies. All non-gold mining companies pay tax at the statutory rate of 28% which was reduced from 29% for tax years ending on or after April 1, 2008, whereas gold mining companies pay tax at a rate which is calculated in terms of a formula which is explained below. In addition, non-gold mining companies are liable for Secondary Tax on Companies, or STC, which is currently charged at a rate of 10%, effective as from October 1, 2007 (previously 12.5%). STC is a tax on dividends declared by companies or closed corporations that are resident in South Africa. It differs from a dividend withholding tax in that it is a tax imposed on companies or closed corporations, and not on its shareholders. STC is payable on the amount of dividends declared by the company, less the sum of qualifying dividends received or accrued to the company during a particular time period (referred to as a dividend cycle).
Gold mining companies are subject to tax at different rates on their mining and non-mining income. Mining income is taxed on a formula basis, in terms of which the tax rate rises as the ratio of taxable income to gross mining revenue increases. The formula takes the form of y = a-ab/x, where y = the tax rate, a = the marginal tax rate, b = the quantum of revenue that is free of tax (which is a form of depletion allowance and is calculated as a percentage of mining revenue, with the currently applicable rate being effectively 5%) and x = the ratio of profit to revenue (expressed as a percentage).
Gold mining companies can elect to be exempt from STC and different formulae are used to calculate tax on mining income depending on whether an election has been made. If the election has been made, the current relevant values are a = 43 and b = 5. These values are effective for tax years ending on or after April 1, 2008. For tax years ending on or after April 1, 2008, the rate applicable to non-mining income for gold mining companies who have made the election is 35%.
As a result of the consolidation of the South African assets into GFIMSA in 2004, the mines are no longer separate tax entities but are treated as a single tax entity. However, unredeemed capital expenditure is still ring fenced between the divisions of GFIMSA, so that capital expenditure at one mine cannot be used to reduce taxable income from another mine. GFIMSA has elected to be exempt from STC. However, Gold Fields itself, as a holding company not conducting any gold mining operations, as well as its other non-mining South African subsidiaries, are not eligible to be exempt from STC. To the extent Gold Fields receives dividends from GFIMSA, such received dividends are offset against the amount of dividends paid by Gold Fields for purposes of calculating the net amount subject to STC.
Ghana
Ghanaian resident companies are subject to tax on the basis of income derived from, accruing in or brought into Ghana. The standard corporate income tax rate is currently 25% having been reduced from 28% with effect from January 1, 2006. Because the mineral rights are owned by the state, the Tarkwa and Damang operations are also subject to a gold royalty of a minimum of 3% and a maximum of 6%, depending on the profitability of the mine, calculated on the basis of a formula which came into effect from July 4, 1986. This royalty is included in the income and mining tax benefit/(expense) line item in Gold Fields consolidated statements of operations. A reconstruction and development levy of 2.5% on operating profit that was introduced on January 1, 2001 was abolished from January 1, 2006.
Tax depreciation of capital equipment operates under a capital allowance regime. The capital allowances consist of an initial allowance of 80% of the cost of the asset and the balance is added to the balance carried forward and depreciated at a rate of 50% per year on a declining balance basis. For the purposes of computing depreciation for the year following its acquisition, 5% of the cost of the mining asset is included in the balance,
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effectively allowing a total of 105% allowance on mining assets. Under the project development agreement entered into between the Ghanaian government and Gold Fields Ghana and the deed of warranty entered into between the Ghanaian government and Abosso, the government has agreed that no withholding tax shall be payable on any dividend or capital repayment declared by Gold Fields Ghana or Abosso which is due and payable to any shareholder not normally resident in Ghana.
Australia
Generally, Australia will impose tax on the worldwide income (including capital gains) of all of Gold Fields Australian incorporated and tax resident entities. The current income tax rate for companies is 30%. Exploration costs are deductible in full as incurred and other capital expenditure is deductible over the lives of the assets acquired. In addition, other expenditures, such as export market development, mine closure costs and the defense of native title claims, may be deducted from income. The St. Ives and Agnew operations are also subject to a 2.5% gold royalty, which came into effect from July 1, 1998, because the mineral rights are owned by the state. This royalty is included in the income and mining tax benefit/(expense) line item in Gold Fields consolidated statements of operations.
With effect from July 1, 2001 the Australian legislature introduced a Uniform Capital Allowance, which allows tax deductions for:
| depreciation attributable to assets; and |
| certain other capital expenditures. |
Gold Fields Australia and its wholly-owned Australian controlled entities have elected to be treated as a tax consolidated group for taxation purposes. As a tax consolidated group, a single tax return is lodged for the group based on the consolidated results of all companies within the group. The decision to implement the tax consolidation regime was made by Gold Fields during the 2005 fiscal year and applied as of July 1, 2003. Certain transitional provisions were made available to encourage entities into the tax consolidation regime. These provisions addressed the mechanism for transferring losses into the tax consolidated group and made provision for companies that consolidate to recalculate the tax base of certain assets based on a market value calculation. These provisions were on balance advantageous to Gold Fields resulting in a net gross up of $26.8 million. An amendment to the Australian tax laws in fiscal 2007 resulted in a shorter useful life of mine being applied to St. Ives than had originally been selected. The retrospective application of this change triggered a recalculation of the tax base of the assets and led to a further U.S.$3.3 million gross up in fiscal 2007. These gross-ups have been included in the income and mining tax benefit for fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2007.
Withholding tax is payable on dividends, interest and royalties paid by Australian residents to non-residents. In the case of dividend payments to non-residents, withholding tax at a rate of 30% will apply. However, where the recipient of the dividend is a resident of a country with which Australia has concluded a double taxation agreement, the rate of withholding tax is generally limited to 15% (or 10% where the dividend is paid to a companys parent company). Where dividends are paid out of profits that have been subject to Australian corporate tax there is no withholding tax, regardless of whether a double taxation agreement is in place.
Peru
Peru taxes resident individuals and domiciled corporations on their worldwide income. The corporate income tax rate applicable to domiciled companies is 30% on taxable income. Capital gains are also taxed as ordinary income.
Tax losses, adjusted for inflation, may be carried forward by a domiciled corporation using one of the following methods:
| Losses may be carried forward and used in full in subsequent tax years. The balance of unused tax losses may be carried forward for a period of four tax years from the tax year in which they are first incurred; or |
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| Losses can be carried forward, and up to 50% of the tax loss may be set off against taxable income in a subsequent tax year. The balance of the assessed losses may be carried forward can be carried forward and applied on this basis until balance is fully used up, with no time limit on the carry forward. |
On October 4, 2007, La Cima and its parent company, Gold Fields Corona (BVI) Limited, or Gold Fields Corona, signed stability agreements with the relevant governmental authorities in Peru. These agreements, among other things, guarantee the current tax regime, including a 4.1% withholding tax rate on dividends and 30% income tax rate, for a period of 10 years. In order to take advantage of certain provisions of these agreements, Gold Fields Corona capitalized $404.5 million of inter-company loans in March 2008.
Venezuela
Venezuela taxes domiciled corporations on their worldwide income. Taxable income is therefore defined to include territorial income, income resulting from activities performed or deemed to be performed outside of Venezuela and assets located or deemed to be located outside of Venezuela, and income resulting from inflation adjustment. Conversely, certain extraterritorial expenses are allowed as deductible expenses.
While the Venezuelan corporate tax rate is determined with reference to a progressive tax scale, in practice, the effective corporate tax rate applicable to foreign and domestic corporations is 34%.
Tax losses may be carried forward by corporations for a period of three tax years.
Dividends paid by Venezuelan companies are taxable at 34% to the extent that they arise from profits that have not been subject to tax at the corporate level. The tax is calculated on that portion of the dividends that is paid out of corporate profits in excess of net taxable income. Tax on dividends is withheld at source by the declaring company.
Payments made to foreign parties protected by double tax treaties concluded with Venezuela are subject to the relevant relief on withholding taxes as applicable.
Taxpayers engaged in mining activities may amortize capitalized costs relating to the acquisition of mining assets, exploration costs, geological surveys and development costs once the mining production of a particular concession commences. Capitalized mining exploration expenses may generally be written off on a straight-line basis over five years once mining production has commenced.
Extracted gold from the Choco 10 mine is subject to an exploitation tax of 3%, calculated on the average commercial value of the gold in the city of Caracas for the month in which the gold was produced by PMG, as determined by the Ministry of Basic Industries and Mines.
Exchange Rates
Gold Fields South African revenues and costs are very sensitive to the Rand/U.S. dollar exchange rate because revenues are generated using a gold price denominated in U.S. dollars, while the costs of the South African operations are incurred principally in Rand. Depreciation of the Rand against the U.S. dollar reduces Gold Fields average costs when they are translated into U.S. dollars, thereby increasing the operating margin of the South African operations. Conversely, appreciation of the Rand results in South African operating costs being translated into U.S. dollars at a lower Rand/U.S. dollar exchange rate, resulting in lower operating margins. The impact on profitability of any change in the value of the Rand against the U.S. dollar can be substantial. Furthermore, the exchange rates obtained when converting U.S. dollars to Rand are set by foreign exchange markets, over which Gold Fields has no control. For more information regarding fluctuations in the value of the Rand against the U.S. dollar, see Key InformationExchange Rates. During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields had two
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different U.S. dollar/Rand forward purchase contracts to manage its exposure to fluctuations in the value of the Rand against the U.S. dollar. They were:
| As a result of the $550 million draw down under a $1.8 billion bridge loan facility entered into to close-out the Western Areas gold derivative structure and refinance certain working capital loans, U.S. dollar/rand forward cover was purchased during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2007 in an amount of $550.8 million for settlement August 6, 2007, at an average forward rate of R7.3279 based on a spot rate of R7.1918. Subsequently, that cover was extended for periods of between one and three months during fiscal 2008. The cover was reduced as a result of loan repayments of $60.8 million and $172.0 million made on December 6, 2007 and December 31, 2007 respectively. The balance of the $318.0 million forward cover was extended on June 6, 2008 to July 7, 2008 at an average rate of R7.8479, based on a spot rate of R7.7799, and has been further extended during fiscal 2009. For accounting purposes, this forward cover has been designated as a hedging instrument. As a result the gains and losses are accounted for under foreign exchange gains/(losses), along with gains and losses on the underlying loan that has been hedged. The forward cover points are deemed to be an interest cost and are therefore accounted for as part of interest; and |
| In anticipation of increased US dollar denominated capital expenditure on the Cerro Corona Project, Gold Fields purchased two forward exchange contracts. One was entered into on July 27, 2007 for $40 million at an average rate of R7.1884 to October 30, 2007, based on a spot rate of R7.1000. The second was entered into on October 4, 2007 for $50 million at an average rate of Rand 6.9949 to November 21, 2007, based on a spot rate of R6.9794. Both contracts were subsequently extended, but were allowed to expire on April 30, 2008 and April 22, 2008, respectively, resulting in a gain of $11.6 million. |
See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskForeign Currency SensitivityForeign Currency Hedging Experience.
With respect to its operations in Ghana, a substantial portion of Gold Fields operating costs (including wages) are either directly incurred in U.S. dollars or are determined according to a formula by which costs are indexed to the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, fluctuations in the Ghanaian Cedi do not materially impact operating results for the Ghana operations.
With respect to the Australian operations, Gold Fields expects that the effect of fluctuations in the value of the Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar will be similar to that for the Rand, with weakness in the Australian dollar resulting in improved earnings for Gold Fields and strength in the Australian dollar producing the opposite result. Gold Fields agreed with the lenders providing the loans for the acquisition of St. Ives and Agnew to manage its exposure to fluctuations in the value of the Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar by entering into financial instruments that fix the exchange rates for a portion of the expected future revenues from the operations. These financial instruments were closed out on January 7, 2004. However, in order for the Group to participate in any future Australian dollar appreciation, a strip of quarterly maturing Australian dollar/U.S. dollar call options were purchased of which the value dates and amounts matched those of the original structure. The remaining instruments matured during fiscal 2007. Gold Fields accounted for these financial instruments on a mark-to-market basis, using exchange rates prevailing at the end of the relevant accounting period.
With respect to its operation in Peru, a substantial portion of Gold Fields operating costs are directly incurred in U.S. dollars with the balance being incurred in Nuevos Soles. Accordingly, Gold Fields does not expect fluctuations in the Nuevo Sole/U.S. dollar exchange rate to have a significant impact on operating results for the Peru operation.
Inflation
It is possible that a period of significant inflation in South Africa could adversely affect Gold Fields results and financial condition. However, because the majority of Gold Fields costs at the South African operations are in Rand, while its revenues from gold sales are in U.S. dollars, the extent to which the Rand devalues against the
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U.S. dollar will offset the impact of South African inflation. In Ghana, Gold Fields operations are not significantly impacted by Ghanaian inflation because a substantial portion of Gold Fields costs are either incurred directly in U.S. dollars or are determined according to a formula by which U.S. dollar amounts are converted into Ghanaian Cedi. Gold Fields expects that the impact of Australian inflation will be similar to that of South Africa, as will Peruvian inflation.
South African, Ghanaian and Peruvian Economic and Political Environment
Gold Fields is a South African company and a substantial portion of its operations, based on gold production, are in South Africa. As a result, Gold Fields is subject to various economic, fiscal, monetary and political policies and factors that generally affect South African companies. See Risk FactorsEconomic or political instability in the countries or regions where Gold Fields operates may have an adverse effect on Gold Fields operations and profits.
South African companies, including Gold Fields, are subject to exchange control restrictions which require companies to repatriate some or all of their offshore profits. While exchange controls have been relaxed in recent years, South African companies remain subject to restrictions on their ability to deploy capital outside of the Southern African Common Monetary Area. In particular, in his speech to Parliament toward the end of October 2004, the Minister of Finance outlined the South African Treasurys medium-term budget policy statement and repeated that it was the governments eventual goal to replace all remaining exchange controls with prudential benchmarks. He also announced the abolition of exchange control limits on new outward foreign direct investments by South African corporations and the lifting of their obligation to repatriate foreign dividends. There have subsequently been further indications from the Ministry of Finance that it remains the governments intention to gradually phase out the remaining exchange controls over time. See Information on the Company Regulatory and Environmental MattersSouth AfricaExchange Controls.
Gold Fields also has significant operations in Ghana and is therefore subject to various economic, fiscal, monetary and political policies and factors that affect companies operating in Ghana. See Risk Factors Economic or political instability in the countries or regions where Gold Fields operates may have an adverse effect on Gold Fields operations and profits. In addition, pursuant to an agreement which it has entered into with the Ghanaian government with respect to the Tarkwa mine, Gold Fields is required to repatriate at least 20% of the revenues derived from the Tarkwa mine to Ghana and either use such amounts in Ghana or maintain them in a Ghanaian bank account. Abosso is currently obligated to repatriate 25% of its revenue to Ghana, although the level of repatriation under the deed of warranty between Abosso and the government of Ghana is subject to renegotiation every two years. See Information on the CompanyRegulatory and Environmental MattersGhanaMineral Rights. Although it has been more than two years since the last set of negotiations with the Bank of Ghana regarding the Damang mines level of repatriation, the next set of negotiations has not been scheduled pending the execution of a new development agreement with the government of Ghana. Gold Fields currently repatriates approximately 40% of revenues from the Ghana operations to Ghana. While management has no reason to believe that the repatriation level will increase as a result of the next set of negotiations, there is no agreed ceiling on the repatriation level, and it could be increased. Any increase could adversely affect Gold Fields ability to use the cash flow from the Damang mine outside Ghana, including to fund working costs and capital expenditures at other operations, to provide funds for acquisitions and to repay principal and interest on indebtedness.
In addition, Gold Fields has operations in Peru and is therefore subject to various economic, fiscal, monetary and political policies and factors that affect companies, and particularly mining companies, operating in Peru. See Risk FactorsEconomic or political instability in the countries or regions where Gold Fields operates may have an adverse effect on Gold Fields operations and profits.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Gold Fields significant accounting policies are more fully described in note 2 to its audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. Some of Gold Fields accounting policies require
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the application of significant judgments and estimates by management that can affect the amounts reported in the financial statements. By their nature, these judgments are subject to a degree of uncertainty and are based on Gold Fields historical experience, terms of existing contracts, managements view on trends in the gold mining industry, information from outside sources and other assumptions that Gold Fields considers to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Gold Fields significant accounting policies that are subject to significant judgments, estimates and assumptions are summarized below.
Business combinations
Management accounts for its business acquisitions under the purchase method of accounting. The total value of consideration paid for acquisitions is allocated to the underlying net assets acquired, based on their respective estimated fair values determined by using internal or external valuations. Management uses a number of valuation methods to determine the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired including discounted cash flows, external market values, valuations on recent transactions or a combination thereof and others and believes that it uses the most appropriate measure or a combination of measures to value each asset or liability. In addition, management believes that it uses the most appropriate valuation assumptions underlying each of those valuation methods based on current information available including discount rates, market risk rates, entity risk rates, cash flow assumptions and others. The accounting policy for valuation of business acquisitions is considered critical because judgments made in determining the estimated fair value and expected useful lives assigned to each class of assets and liabilities acquired can significantly impact the value of the asset or liability, including the impact on deferred taxes, the respective amortization periods and ultimately net profit. Therefore the use of other valuation methods, as well as other assumptions underlying these valuation methods, could significantly impact the determination of financial position and the results of operations.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization of mining assets
Depreciation, depletion and amortization charges are calculated using the units-of-production method and are based on Gold Fields current gold production as a percentage of total expected gold production over the lives of Gold Fields mines. An item is considered to be produced at the time it is removed from the mine. The lives of the mines are estimated by Gold Fields mineral resources department using interpretations of mineral reserves, as determined in accordance with the SECs industry guide number 7.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization at Gold Fields South African operations (which are long-life mines ranging from 12 to 42 years), are calculated using above-infrastructure proven and probable reserves only, which because of their reserve base and respective long lives, are less sensitive to change in reserve assumptions. Accordingly, at these locations, it is Gold Fields policy to update its depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations only once the new ore reserve declarations have been approved by Gold Fields Board. However, if Gold Fields management becomes aware of significant changes in its above-infrastructure reserves ahead of the scheduled updates, management would not hesitate to immediately update its depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations and then subsequently notify the Board.
A similar approach is followed at Gold Fields operations in Ghana and Peru, due to the longer life of the primary orebody. At Gold Fields Australian operations, where mine-life ranges from two to four years, proven and probable reserves used for the calculation of depreciation, depletion and amortization are more susceptible to changes in reserve estimates. At these locations, Gold Fields depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations are updated on a more regular basis (at least quarterly) for all known changes in proven and probable reserves. The nature of the orebody, and the on-going information being gathered in connection with the orebody, facilitates these updates.
The estimates of the total expected future lives of Gold Fields mines could be different from the actual amount of gold mined in the future and the actual lives of the mines due to changes in the factors used in
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determining Gold Fields mineral reserves. Changes in managements estimates of the total expected future lives of Gold Fields mines would therefore impact the depreciation, depletion and amortization charge recorded in Gold Fields consolidated financial statements. Changes due to acquisitions, sales or closures of shafts expected to have a material impact on Gold Fields depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations, are incorporated in those calculations as soon as they become known.
Impairment of long-lived assets
Gold Fields reviews and tests the carrying amounts of assets when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The lowest level at which such cash flows are generated are generally at an individual operating mine, even if the individual operating mine is included in a larger mine complex.
If there are indications that an impairment may have occurred, Gold Fields prepares estimates of expected future cash flows for each group of assets. Expected future cash flows reflect:
| estimated sales proceeds from the production and sale of recoverable ounces of gold contained in proven and probable reserves; |
| expected future commodity prices and currency exchange rates (considering historical averages, current prices, forward pricing curves and related factors). In impairment assessments conducted in fiscal 2008, the Group used an expected future market gold price of $800 per ounce, and expected future market exchange rates of R8.16 to $1.00 and A$1.19 to $1.00; |
| expected future operating costs and capital expenditures to produce proven and probable gold reserves based on mine plans that assume current plant capacity, but exclude the impact of inflation; and |
| expected cash flows associated with value beyond proven and probable reserves. |
Gold Fields records a reduction of a group of assets to fair value as a charge to earnings if expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount. The process of determining fair value is subjective as gold mining companies typically trade at a market capitalization that is based on a multiple of net asset value and requires management to make numerous assumptions. Gold Fields estimates fair value by discounting the expected future cash flows using a discount factor that reflects a market-related rate of interest for a term consistent with the period of expected cash flows.
Expected future cash flows are inherently uncertain, and could materially change over time. They are significantly affected by reserve estimates, together with economic factors such as gold prices and currency exchange rates, estimates of costs to produce reserves and future sustaining capital.
Because of the significant capital investment that is required at many mines, if an impairment occurs, it could materially impact earnings. Due to the long-life nature of many mines, the difference between total estimated undiscounted net cash flows and fair value can be substantial. An impairment is only recorded when the carrying amount of a long-lived asset exceeds the total estimated undiscounted net cash flows. Therefore, although the value of a mine may decline gradually over multiple reporting periods, the application of impairment accounting rules could lead to recognition of the full amount of the decline in value in one period. Due to the highly uncertain nature of future cash flows, the determination of when to record an impairment charge can be very subjective. Management makes this determination using available evidence taking into account current expectations for each mining property.
For acquired exploration-stage properties, the purchase price is capitalized, but post-acquisition exploration expenditures are expensed. The future economic viability of exploration stage properties largely depends upon the outcome of exploration activity, which can take a number of years to complete for large properties. Management monitors the results of exploration activity over time to assess whether an impairment may have occurred. The measurement of any impairment is made more difficult because there is not an active market for
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exploration properties, and because it is not possible to use discounted cash flow techniques due to the very limited information that is available to accurately model future cash flows. In general, if an impairment occurs at an exploration stage property, it would probably have minimal value and most of the acquisition cost may have to be written down.
Gold Fields recorded impairment charges on its long-lived assets amounting to $11.4 million in fiscal 2008, but recorded no impairment charges on its long-lived assets during fiscal 2007 or fiscal 2006.
Impairment of goodwill
Gold Fields acquired the South Deep mine on December 1, 2006. Goodwill related to this acquisition is reflected in the balance sheet in the U.S. dollar reporting currency at $1,092.8 million. Gold Fields performs its annual impairment test of goodwill related to the South Deep mine on June 30 each year.
Under U.S. GAAP, the goodwill impairment test consists of two steps. The first step (step one), which compares the reporting units fair value to its carrying amount, is used as a screening process to identify potential goodwill impairment. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds the reporting units fair value, the second step of the impairment test (step two) must be completed to measure the amount of the reporting units goodwill impairment loss, if any. During this step, the reporting units fair value is assigned to the reporting units assets and liabilities, using the initial acquisition accounting guidance in FAS 141(R), in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill. The implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill is then compared with the carrying amount of the reporting units goodwill to determine the goodwill impairment loss to be recognized, if any.
The process for determining fair value of the South Deep mine is subjective as gold mining companies typically trade at a market capitalization that is based on a multiple of net asset value and requires management to make numerous assumptions. The net asset value represents a discounted cash flow valuation based on expected future cash flows. The expected future cash flows used to determine the fair value of the reporting unit are inherently uncertain and could materially change over time. They are significantly affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, reserves and production estimates, together with economic factors such as the spot gold price and foreign currency exchange rates, estimates of production costs, future capital expenditure and discount rates. Therefore it is possible that outcomes within the next financial year that are materially different from the assumptions used in the impairment testing process could require an adjustment to the carrying values.
Managements estimates and assumptions to estimate the fair value of the South Deep reporting unit include:
| estimated sales proceeds from the production and sale of recoverable ounces of gold contained in proven and probable reserves; |
| expected future commodity prices and currency exchange rates (considering historical averages, current prices, forward pricing curves and related factors). In impairment assessments conducted in fiscal 2008, the Group used an expected future market gold price of $800 per ounce, and expected future market exchange rate of R8.16 to $1.00; |
| expected future operating costs and capital expenditures to produce proven and probable gold reserves based on mine plans that assume current plant capacity, but exclude the impact of inflation; and |
| expected cash flows associated with value beyond proven and probable reserves. |
Gold Fields has determined that the fair value of the South Deep mine is considered in excess of its carrying value of $2,907.7 million and the goodwill related to the South Deep mine was therefore not considered impaired under U.S. GAAP.
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Deferred taxation
Management establishes a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets where cumulative losses require a valuation allowance or where management believes that they will not be realized based on projections. These determinations are based on the projected taxable income and realization of tax allowances and tax losses. In the event that these tax assets are not realized, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be required, which would be charged to income in the period that the determination was made. Likewise, should management determine that Gold Fields would be able to realize tax assets in the future in excess of the recorded amount, an adjustment to reduce the valuation allowance would be recorded generally as a credit to income in the period that the determination is made.
Gold Fields is periodically required to estimate the tax basis of assets and liabilities. Where tax laws and regulations are either unclear or subject to varying interpretations, it is possible that changes in these estimates could occur that materially affect the amounts of deferred income tax assets and liabilities recorded in the consolidated financial statements. Changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities generally have a direct impact on earnings in the period of changes. The most significant estimate is the tax basis of certain Australian assets following elections in 2005 under new tax regimes in Australia. These elections resulted in the revaluation of certain assets in Australia for income tax purposes. Part of the revalued tax basis of these assets was estimated based on a valuation completed for tax purposes. This valuation is under review by the Australian Tax Office, or ATO, and the amount finally accepted by the ATO may differ from the assumption used to measure deferred tax balances at the end of fiscal 2005. See note 6 to the audited consolidated financial statements which appear elsewhere in this annual report.
Derivative financial instruments
The determination of the fair value of derivative financial instruments, when marked-to-market, takes into account estimates such as interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates under prevailing market conditions, depending on the nature of the financial derivatives. These estimates may differ materially from actual interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates prevailing at the maturity dates of the financial derivatives and, therefore, may materially influence the values assigned to the financial derivatives, which may result in a charge to or an increase in Gold Fields earnings through maturity of the financial derivatives.
Environmental rehabilitation costs
Gold Fields makes provision for environmental rehabilitation costs and related liabilities when environmental disturbances occur based on managements interpretations of current environmental and regulatory requirements. The provisions are recorded by discounting the expected cash flows associated with the environmental rehabilitation using a discount factor that reflects a credit-adjusted, risk-free rate of interest. The principal factors that can cause expected cash flows to change are: the construction of new processing facilities; changes in the quantities of material in reserves and a corresponding change in the life of mine plan; changing ore characteristics that ultimately impact the environment; changes in water quality that impact the extent of water treatment required; and changes in laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment. In general, as the end of the mine life becomes nearer, the reliability of expected cash flows increases, but earlier in the mine life, the estimation of rehabilitation liabilities is inherently more subjective. Significant judgments and estimates are made when estimating the fair value of rehabilitation liabilities. In addition, expected cash flows relating to rehabilitation liabilities could occur over periods up to the planned life of mine at the time the estimate is made and the assessment of the extent of environmental remediation work is highly subjective. While management believes that the environmental rehabilitation provisions made are adequate and that the interpretations applied are appropriate, the amounts estimated for the future liabilities may, when considering the factors discussed above, differ materially from the costs that will actually be incurred to rehabilitate Gold Fields mine sites in the future.
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Employee benefits
Managements determination of Gold Fields obligation and expense for pension and provident funds, as well as post-retirement healthcare liabilities, depends on the selection of certain assumptions used by actuaries to calculate the amounts. These assumptions are described in note 16 to Gold Fields consolidated financial statements and include, among others, the discount rate, healthcare inflation costs and rates of increase in compensation costs. Actual results that differ from managements assumptions are accumulated and charged over future periods, which will generally affect Gold Fields recognized expense and recorded obligation in future periods. While management believes that these assumptions are appropriate, significant changes in the assumptions may materially affect Gold Fields pension and other post-retirement obligations as well as future expenses, which will result in an impact on earnings in the periods that the changes in the assumptions occur.
Stockpiles, gold-in-process and product inventories
Costs that are incurred in or benefit the production process are accumulated as stockpiles, gold-in-process, ore on leach pads and product inventories. Net realizable value tests are performed at least annually and represent the estimated future sales price of the product based on prevailing and long-term metals prices, less estimated costs to complete production and bring the product to sale.
Stockpiles are measured by estimating the number of tons added and removed from the stockpile, the number of contained gold ounces based on assay data, and the estimated recovery percentage based on the expected processing method. Stockpile tonnages are verified by periodic surveys.
Although the quantities of recoverable metal are reconciled by comparing the grades of ore to the quantities of gold actually recovered (metallurgical balancing), the nature of the process inherently limits the ability to precisely monitor recoverability levels. As a result, the metallurgical balancing process is constantly monitored and the engineering estimates are refined based on actual results over time.
Share-based compensation
Effective July 1, 2005, Gold Fields adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, or SFAS 123(R), for all share option grants subsequent to that date. SFAS 123(R) requires Gold Fields to determine the fair value of share options as of the date of the grant, which is then amortized as share-based compensation expense in the income statement over the vesting period of the option grant. Gold Fields has determined the fair value of all its options grants (a) prior to, but not yet vested as of, July 1, 2005, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS 123(R), and (b) subsequent to July 1, 2005 based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with SFAS 123(R), using the Black-Scholes or Monte Carlo simulation valuation model, which require Gold Fields to make assumptions regarding the estimated term of the option, share price volatility, expected forfeiture rates and Gold Fields expected dividend yield. While Gold Fields management believes that these assumptions are appropriate, the use of different assumptions could have a material impact on the fair value of the option grant and the related recognition of share-based compensation expense in the consolidated income statement. Gold Fields options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and therefore fair values may also differ.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or the FASB, issued FASB Statement No. 157 Fair Value Measurements, or SFAS 157. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements, it emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement (that is, fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, not an entity specific measurement). In support of this principle, the standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that
147
prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data, for example, the reporting entitys own data. This statement is effective for the Group from July 1, 2008. The Company does not expect the adoption of FAS 157 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities including an amendment of FAS 115, or SFAS 159. This statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. Application of the provisions of SFAS 159 is optional and the provisions can be elected on an instrument by instrument basis. SFAS 159 is effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS 159 on its financial position and results of operations.
In June 2007, the Emerging Issues Task Force, or the EITF, reached consensus on Issue No. 06-11, Accounting for Income Tax Benefits of Dividends on Share-Based Payment Awards, or EITF Issue 06-11. EITF Issue 06-11 requires that the tax benefit related to dividend and dividend equivalents paid on equity-classified nonvested shares and nonvested share units, which are expected to vest, be recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. EITF Issue 06-11 is to be applied prospectively for tax benefits on dividends declared the Groups fiscal years beginning July 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this statement will have on its financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 141(R), Business Combinations, or SFAS 141(R), which amends SFAS No. 141, and provides revised guidance for recognizing and measuring identifiable assets and goodwill acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree. It also provides disclosure requirements to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009 and is to be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this statement on its financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statementsan amendment of ARB No. 51, or SFAS 160, which establishes accounting and reporting standards pertaining to ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the amount of net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest, changes in a parents ownership interest, and the valuation of any retained noncontrolling equity investment when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. SFAS 160 also establishes disclosure requirements that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the noncontrolling owners. SFAS 160 is effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this statement on its financial position and results of operations.
In March 2008, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, or FAS 161. FAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures about an entitys derivative and hedging activities with the aim of improving transparency of financial reporting. The provisions of FAS 161 are effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009. The Company does not expect the adoption of FAS 161 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In April 2008, the FASB published FSP No. FAS 142-3 Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets, or FSP FAS 142-3. The FSP reflects the FASBs recognition of potential inconsistencies in the useful life of intangible assets recognized under SFAS No. 142 Intangible Assets and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007) Business Combinations. The FSP allows an entity to use its own assumptions about renewal or extension of an arrangement even when there is likely to be substantial cost or material modifications associated with such terms in determining the appropriate useful life for intangible assets. The provisions of FSP FAS 142-3 are effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009. The Company does not expect the adoption of FSP FAS 142-3 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
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In May 2008, the FASB published FSP No. APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement), or FSP APB 14-1. FSP APB 14-1 applies to convertible debt instruments that, by their stated terms, may be settled in cash (or other assets) upon conversion, including partial cash settlement, unless the embedded conversion option is required to be separately accounted for as a derivative under SFAS 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Convertible debt instruments within the scope of FSP APB 14-1 are not addressed by the existing APB 14. FSP APB 14-1 requires that the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments within the scope of this FSP APB 14-1 be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects the entitys nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. This will require an allocation of the convertible debt proceeds between the liability component and the embedded conversion option (that is, the equity component). The difference between the principal amount of the debt and the amount of the proceeds allocated to the liability component would be reported as a debt discount and subsequently amortized to earnings over the instruments expected life using the effective interest method. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009. The Company does not expect the adoption of FSP APB 14-1 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Results of Operations
Years Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
Revenues
Product sales increased by $471.0 million, or 17.2%, from $2,735.2 million in fiscal 2007 to $3,206.2 million in fiscal 2008. The increase in product sales was due to an increase in the average realized gold price of 28.4% from $638 per ounce in fiscal 2007 to $819 per ounce in fiscal 2008, partially offset by a decrease of approximately 0.375 million ounces, or 8.7%, in total gold sold, from 4.289 million ounces in fiscal 2007 to 3.914 million ounces in fiscal 2008. The decrease in ounces sold resulted from lower production from both the South African and the international operations.
At the South African operations, gold production decreased from 2.65 million ounces in fiscal 2007 to 2.42 million ounces in fiscal 2008. At Driefontein, gold output decreased by 8.8% from 1.02 million ounces to 0.93 million ounces as a result of lower underground volumes mined and processed, partially offset by an improved underground yield. The lower volumes were mainly in the latter half of the year due to the power disruptions discussed above which affected all of the South African operations. See South African Power Disruptions. Gold output at Kloof decreased by 10.9% from 0.92 million ounces to 0.82 million ounces as a result of lower underground yield as well as the power disruptions. At Beatrix, gold output decreased 18.5% from 0.54 million ounces to 0.44 million ounces due to a decline in volumes mined and processed due to the power disruptions, together with a decrease in yield due to a poor mine call factor. Part of the decline at the South African operations was offset by increased attributable production at South Deep, control of which Gold Fields acquired on December 1, 2006. South Deep produced 0.23 million ounces in fiscal 2008, compared with 0.17 million ounces for the seven months ended June 30, 2007.
At the international operations, total gold production decreased from 1.64 million ounces in fiscal 2007 to 1.49 million ounces in fiscal 2008. At St. Ives, the decrease of 14.3% from 0.49 million ounces to 0.42 million ounces was primarily due to reductions in recovered grade as scheduled ore from Cave Rocks and Belleisle did not come into production during the year. At Agnew, gold production was 4.8% lower, declining from 0.21 million ounces to 0.20 million ounces, due to the depletion of Songvang high grade stockpiles which were replaced by lower grade stockpiles. At Tarkwa, the decrease of 7.1% from 0.70 million ounces to 0.65 million ounces was due to exceptionally high seasonal rainfall in the first half of the year which resulted in lower volumes mined and processed and a slightly lower yield. At Choco 10, gold production decreased from 0.056 million ounces to 0.034 million ounces. This was due to Choco 10 being included only for five months as it was sold on November 30, 2007. The decline in production from the international operations was partially offset by an increase in production at Damang, which increased by 3.7% from 0.187 million ounces to 0.194 million ounces due to increased high grade ore from the Damang pit cutback.
Total gold sold and total gold produced are the same at all the operations with the exception of Choco 10, where there may be differences due to timing of sales.
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Costs and Expenses
The following table sets out Gold Fields total ounces sold and weighted average total cash costs and total production costs per ounce for fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2008.
Fiscal 2007 | Fiscal 2008 | Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total cash costs |
Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total production costs | |||||||||||||
Gold sold | Total cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
Gold sold | Total cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
|||||||||||
(000 oz) | ($/oz) | (000 oz) | ($/oz) | (%) | ||||||||||||
South Africa |
||||||||||||||||
Driefontein |
1,017 | 349 | 419 | 928 | 414 | 515 | 18.6 | 22.9 | ||||||||
Kloof |
923 | 367 | 458 | 821 | 432 | 543 | 17.7 | 18.6 | ||||||||
Beatrix |
543 | 378 | 455 | 438 | 520 | 615 | 37.6 | 35.2 | ||||||||
South Deep(3) |
166 | 595 | 714 | 232 | 768 | 919 | 29.1 | 28.7 | ||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(4) |
697 | 378 | 434 | 646 | 492 | 553 | 30.2 | 27.4 | ||||||||
Damang(5) |
188 | 597 | 602 | 194 | 658 | 678 | 10.2 | 12.6 | ||||||||
Venezuela |
||||||||||||||||
Choco 10(6) |
56 | 565 | 659 | 33 | 726 | 726 | 28.5 | 10.2 | ||||||||
Australia(7) |
||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
487 | 416 | 589 | 418 | 661 | 841 | 58.9 | 42.8 | ||||||||
Agnew |
212 | 399 | 462 | 204 | 414 | 538 | 3.8 | 16.5 | ||||||||
Total(8)(9) |
4,289 | | | 3,914 | | | ||||||||||
Weighted average |
| 394 | 482 | 505 | 610 | 28.2 | 26.6 |
Notes:
(1) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key Information Selected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(2) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce by dividing total production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
(3) | In fiscal 2007, 0.163 million ounces of sales were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the South Deep operation. Gold Fields acquired 100% of South Deep during the course of fiscal 2007. |
(4) | In fiscal 2007 and 2008, 0.496 million ounces and 0.459 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(5) | In fiscal 2007 and 2008, 0.134 million ounces and 0.138 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Damang operation. |
(6) | In fiscal 2007 and 2008, 0.053 million ounces and 0.031 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Choco 10 operation. |
(7) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
(8) | In fiscal 2007 and 2008, 4.024 million ounces and 3.669 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana and Venezuela operations and, in fiscal 2007, South Deep. |
(9) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
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The following tables set out a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total cash costs and total production costs for fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007.
For the year ended June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | Choco 10 | St. Ives | Agnew | Corporate | Group | |||||||||||||||||||
(in $ millions except as otherwise noted)(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
390.2 | 358.9 | 229.0 | 170.3 | 312.5 | 126.9 | 25.1 | 292.2 | 97.5 | (6.5 | ) | 1,996.1 | |||||||||||||||||
Less: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
10.1 | 8.1 | 5.8 | 1.9 | 13.4 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 5.8 | 2.0 | (6.5 | ) | 43.7 | |||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment(2) |
(2.2 | ) | (1.9 | ) | (2.4 | ) | (0.4 | ) | (2.6 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | 17.5 | 14.7 | | 22.5 | ||||||||||||
Exploration |
| | | | | 2.8 | | 1.8 | 0.6 | | 5.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee termination cost |
2.2 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 9.4 | | | | 0.3 | | | 16.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Royalty |
| | | | 15.9 | 4.8 | 0.8 | 8.6 | 4.2 | | 34.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
384.5 | 354.6 | 228.0 | 178.2 | 317.6 | 127.8 | 24.1 | 276.0 | 84.4 | | 1,975.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization(2) |
90.6 | 89.2 | 40.2 | 34.6 | 38.8 | 3.8 | | 74.1 | 24.9 | 8.4 | 404.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
2.5 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | | | 1.3 | 0.3 | | 8.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
477.6 | 445.6 | 269.4 | 213.2 | 357.0 | 131.6 | 24.1 | 351.4 | 109.6 | 8.4 | 2,387.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gold produced |
928.0 | 820.9 | 438.1 | 232.1 | 646.1 | 194.2 | 33.8 | 417.7 | 203.7 | | 3,914.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000 oz) |
928.0 | 820.9 | 438.1 | 232.1 | 646.1 | 194.2 | 33.2 | 417.7 | 203.7 | | 3,914.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
414 | 432 | 520 | 768 | 492 | 658 | 726 | 661 | 414 | | 505 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(5) |
515 | 543 | 615 | 919 | 553 | 678 | 726 | 841 | 538 | | 610 |
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R7.27 per $1.00. |
(2) | Non-cash portion of Gold in Progress, or GIP, adjustments shown separately. GIP, represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | In fiscal 2008, 3.669 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana and Choco 10 operations. |
(4) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(5) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
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For the year ended June 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | Choco 10 | St. Ives | Agnew | Corporate | Group | ||||||||||||||||||
(in $ millions except as otherwise noted)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
361.2 | 344.9 | 211.1 | 99.0 | 261.5 | 109.0 | 33.7 | 212.5 | 83.1 | (8.3 | ) | 1,707.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
7.5 | 7.9 | 6.0 | 0.1 | 11.2 | 0.2 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 1.5 | (5.8 | ) | 36.4 | ||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment(2) |
| | | | (0.6 | ) | | | 0.9 | (7.2 | ) | | (6.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Exploration |
0.8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | | 0.6 | 0.2 | | 12.6 | 7.6 | | 22.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee termination cost |
2.1 | 1.8 | 0.9 | | | | | | | 0.1 | 4.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Royalty |
| | | | 13.3 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 7.8 | 3.5 | | 29.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
355.0 | 338.6 | 205.6 | 98.9 | 263.6 | 112.2 | 31.3 | 202.6 | 84.7 | (2.4 | ) | 1,690.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization(2) |
70.1 | 84.3 | 41.5 | 19.7 | 39.7 | 2.7 | 5.4 | 83.1 | 22.5 | 19.2 | 388.2 | |||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustments(2) |
| | | | (0.6 | ) | | | 0.9 | (7.2 | ) | | (6.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
0.8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | | (0.1 | ) | (1.8 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | (1.8 | ) | | (2.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total production costs |
425.9 | 423.1 | 247.5 | 118.6 | 302.6 | 113.1 | 36.7 | 286.8 | 98.2 | 16.8 | 2,069.3 | |||||||||||||||||
Gold produced |
1,016.5 | 922.9 | 543.4 | 163.2 | 697.2 | 187.9 | 54.6 | 486.9 | 212.4 | | 4,284.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000 oz) |
1,016.5 | 922.9 | 543.4 | 166.1 | 697.2 | 187.9 | 55.7 | 487.0 | 212.4 | | 4,288.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(4) |
349 | 367 | 378 | 595 | 378 | 597 | 562 | 416 | 399 | 394 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(5) |
419 | 458 | 455 | 714 | 434 | 602 | 659 | 589 | 462 | | 482 |
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R7.20 per $1.00. |
(2) | Non-cash portion of GIP adjustments shown separately. GIP represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | In fiscal 2007, 4.024 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana, Choco 10 and South Deep operations. |
(4) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(5) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
Gold Fields weighted average total cash costs per ounce increased by $111 per ounce, or 28.2%, from $394 per ounce in fiscal 2007 to $505 per ounce in fiscal 2008. The majority of this increase was due to increased expenditure on the Teberebie cutback at Tarkwa and the Damang pit cutback, together with lower production at all the operations except Damang and South Deep. In addition, there was a significant increase in input costs, especially fuel, steel and cyanide and other reagents, together with increased fleet maintenance costs at Tarkwa and in wages across all operations due to a severe skills shortage as a result of the global resources boom. In South Africa power costs increased significantly in the second half of the fiscal year. Gold Fields expects these increases and an almost doubling of power costs in Ghana to have a significant impact on its results starting in fiscal 2009. Exchange rate translations had little effect on costs as the Rand weakened only 1.0% against the U.S. dollar from an average of 7.20 in fiscal 2007 to 7.27 in fiscal 2008.
Production costs
Production costs increased by $288.4 million, or 16.9%, from $1,707.7 million in fiscal 2007 to $1,996.1 million in fiscal 2008. This was primarily due to the increased cost of waste removal at the Teberebie cutback at Tarkwa, the Damang main pit cutback and the open pits at St. Ives as well as increased royalties. In
152
South Africa production costs increased more or less in line with inflation with the slightly lower production offset by increases in wage and power costs. Costs at South Deep have been included for the full year in fiscal 2008 compared with only seven months in fiscal 2007. In addition, there was a significant increase in input costs across Gold Fields operations, especially fuel, steel and cyanide and other reagents.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization charges increased by $12.3 million, or 3.2%, from $388.2 million in fiscal 2007 to $400.5 million in fiscal 2008. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on the units-of-production method and is based on current gold production as a percentage of total expected gold production over the lives of the different mines. The principal reason for this increase was due to an increase in capitalized ore reserve development now being amortized at the South African operations and increased mining at higher capital cost shafts such as Kloof Shaft No. 4 and Driefontein Shaft No. 5. Also South Deep was included for twelve months in fiscal 2008 compared to seven months in fiscal 2007. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in amortization at St. Ives due to a 14% decrease in gold production.
The table below depicts the changes from December 31, 2005 to June 30, 2007 for proven and probable reserves above current infrastructure and for the life of mine for each operation, and the resulting impact on the amortization charge in fiscal 2007 and 2008, respectively. The life of mine numbers below are taken from the operations strategic plans, adjusted for proven and probable reserve balances. In basic terms, amortization is calculated using the life of mine for each operation, which is based on: (1) the proven and probable reserves above infrastructure for the operation at the start of the relevant year (which are taken to be the same as at the end of the prior fiscal year and using only above infrastructure reserves) and (2) the amount of gold produced by the operation during the year. During fiscal 2006, Gold Fields decided to align determination of its reserves with its planning cycle and as a result a reserve statement as at December 31, 2005 was issued. This ore reserve statement became effective for amortization calculations as from April 1, 2006. The ore reserve statement as at December 31, 2006 become effective on May 1, 2007. The ore reserve statement as at June 30, 2007 became effective on March 1, 2008.
Proven and probable reserves as of |
Life of mine(1) as of | Amortization as of | ||||||||||||||
December 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2006 |
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2006 |
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2007 |
June 30, 2008 | |||||||||
(000 oz) | (years) | ($ million) | ||||||||||||||
South Africa |
||||||||||||||||
Driefontein(2) |
14,400 | 12,900 | 12,300 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 70.1 | 90.6 | ||||||||
Kloof |
12,500 | 11,900 | 11,400 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 84.3 | 89.2 | ||||||||
Beatrix |
8,200 | 7,800 | 7,500 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 41.5 | 40.2 | ||||||||
South Deep(3) |
| 18,200 | 18,100 | | 23 | 42 | 19.7 | 34.6 | ||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(4) |
14,400 | 12,700 | 12,200 | 23 | 14 | 14 | 39.7 | 38.8 | ||||||||
Damang(5) |
1,400 | 1,600 | 1,400 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 2.7 | 3.8 | ||||||||
Venezuela |
||||||||||||||||
Choco 10 |
1,200 | 1,800 | 1,800 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 5.4 | | ||||||||
Australia(6) |
||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
2,200 | 2,600 | 2,500 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 84.4 | 74.1 | ||||||||
Agnew |
800 | 700 | 600 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 22.5 | 24.9 | ||||||||
Corporate and other |
| | | | | | 19.1 | 8.4 | ||||||||
Total |
55,100 | 70,200 | 67,800 | | | | 388.2 | 404.6 | ||||||||
Cerro Corona |
3,200 | 3200 | 3,200 | | | | | | ||||||||
Reserves below infrastructure(7) |
10,000 | 23,100 | 23,100 | | | | | | ||||||||
Total reserves(8) |
68,300 | 96,400 | 94,100 | | | | | |
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Notes:
(1) | The life of mine for each operation shown in the above table differs from that shown in Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations. The life of mine in the above table is based on the above infrastructure proven and probable reserves, whereas the life of mine information in Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations is based on both above and below infrastructure proven and probable reserves. |
(2) | At Driefontein, amortization increased due primarily to changes in the sources of production as amortization is calculated based on the reserves at each shaft. |
(3) | As of December 31, 2006, reserves of 2.940 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the South Deep operation. Gold Fields acquired 100% of South Deep during the course of fiscal 2007. |
(4) | As of December 31, 2005 and 2006 and June 30, 2007, reserves of 10.200 million ounces, 9.000 million ounces and 8.700 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(5) | As of December 31, 2005 and 2006 and June 30, 2007, reserves of 1.000 million ounces, 1.140 million ounces and 1.000 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Damang operation. |
(6) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
(7) | Below infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently does not have infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur, but where the operation has made plans to install additional infrastructure in the future which will allow mining to occur at that level. |
(8) | As of December 31, 2005 and 2006 and June 30, 2007, reserves of 63.100 million ounces, 91.600 million ounces and 89.600 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghanaian and Venezuelan operations and, as of December 31, 2006, the South Deep operation. |
Corporate expenditure
Corporate expenditure was $41.0 million in fiscal 2008 compared to $38.4 million in fiscal 2007, an increase of 6.8%. Corporate expenditure consists primarily of general corporate overhead and corporate service department costs, primarily in the areas of technical services, human resources and finance, which are used by the operations. Corporate expenditure also includes business development costs. In Rand terms, corporate expenditure increased from R276.0 million in fiscal 2007 to R298.2 million in fiscal 2008. The increase was mainly driven by inflation.
Employee termination costs
In fiscal 2008, Gold Fields incurred employee termination costs of $16.2 million compared to $4.9 million in fiscal 2007. The increase in employee terminations costs resulted principally from an accrual raised for the retrenchment of approximately 1,900 employees at the South Deep mine following closure of the Ventersdorp Contact Reef section of the mine. The retrenchment plan was announced and communicated to employees prior to June 30, 2008.
Exploration expenditure
Exploration expenditure was $39.8 million in fiscal 2008, a decrease of 16.0% from $47.4 million in fiscal 2007. The decrease is mainly due to a decrease in exploration on the Arctic Platinum Project in fiscal 2008.
154
Impairment of assets
Impairment of assets was $11.4 million in fiscal 2008 and nil in fiscal 2007. The impairment comprised $6.0 million for impairment of the Biox® trademark which was written down to its realizable value, with the balance attributable to impairment of the St. Ives Junction mine and the original Leviathan pit which have been closed and an impairment of the old slimes dam at Agnew that is no longer in use.
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields continued to dispose of certain surplus property, plant and equipment. The net profit on the sale of this property, plant and equipment amounted to $4.6 million, comprising:
| $3.0 million profit from the sale of a stage winder by Driefontein; and |
| $1.6 million profit from the sale of surplus housing by Beatrix and South Deep. |
During fiscal 2007, Gold Fields disposed of certain surplus property, plant and equipment. The net profit on the sale of this property, plant and equipment amounted to $7.4 million, comprising:
| $2.6 million profit from the sale of two stage winders by Driefontein; |
| $3.5 million profit from the sale of surplus housing by Beatrix and South Deep; |
| $0.7 million profit from the sale of two mills by Driefontein; and |
| $0.6 million from miscellaneous asset sales by the operating mines. |
Shaft closure costs
Closure costs of $3.3 million relate to suspension of the Driefontein Shaft No 9 deepening project due to the lack of power supply.
(Decrease)/increase in provision for post-retirement healthcare costs
In South Africa, Gold Fields provides medical benefits to employees in its operations through the Medisense Medical Scheme.
Under the medical plan which covers certain of its former employees, Gold Fields remains liable for 50% of the employees medical contribution to the medical schemes after their retirement. At June 30, 2008, 213 (fiscal 2007: 224) former employees were covered under this plan, which is not available to members of the scheme formerly available to employees of the former Free State operation (which is now the Beatrix operation) who retired after August 31, 1997 and members of the Medisense medical scheme who retired after January 31, 1999.
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, Gold Fields assumed an additional post-retirement healthcare cost liability. Former employees of South Deep belong to a commercial medical scheme with employer liability for contribution per pensioner limited to R400 per month. The R400 monthly contribution is fixed until the termination of Gold Fields obligations on December 31, 2011. At June 30, 2008, there were 223 (fiscal 2007: 235) former South Deep employees that were subject to this employer contribution.
In fiscal 2008, an amount of $0.7 million was credited to earnings, compared to a debit of $1.3 million in fiscal 2007, in respect of Gold Fields obligations under these medical plans. The credit of $0.7 million in fiscal 2008 relates to a release of the cross subsidization liability of $1.1 million partially offset by the annual interest and service charge of $0.4 million. The $1.3 million debit in fiscal 2007 comprises the annual interest and service charge. The post-retirement healthcare provision is updated annually based on actuarial calculations, with any increase in the provision reflected in the statement of operations.
155
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation
At all of its operations, Gold Fields makes full provision for environmental rehabilitation based on the net present value of the estimated cost of restoring the environmental disturbance that has occurred up to the balance sheet date. The rehabilitation charge for fiscal 2008 was $12.0 million compared to $6.4 million in fiscal 2007. The increase is due primarily to above-inflation increases in the base case rehabilitation costs for Cerro Corona and Tarkwa.
For its South African operations, Gold Fields contributes to environmental trust funds it has established to provide for any environmental rehabilitation obligations and expected closure costs relating to its mining operations. The amounts invested in the trust funds are classified as non-current assets and any income earned on these assets is accounted for as interest income. For the Ghana, Australia and Peru operations Gold Fields does not contribute to a trust fund.
Share-based compensation
The charge for share-based compensation in fiscal 2008 was $20.7 million compared to $12.5 million in fiscal 2007. The increase is primarily due to a modification made to the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, or the Plan, and an additional allocation of share-based compensation made in fiscal 2008 resulting in two allocations being made to employees as opposed to one in the previous year. The modification to the Plan involved the substitution of new performance-based criteria to assess whether certain restricted shares are released to Plan participants. See note 16(a) to Gold Fields audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. This modification resulted in incremental fair value of $17.1 million which will be expensed over the remaining vesting period of the restricted shares, with $2.1 million having been included in Share-based compensation for fiscal 2008.
Interest and dividends
Interest and dividends amounted to $31.2 million in fiscal 2008 compared to $26.8 million in fiscal 2007. Interest received on cash and cash equivalents amounted to $26.5 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to $24.6 million in fiscal 2007. Dividends received increased to $4.7 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to $2.2 million in fiscal 2007 mainly due to a $1.9 million dividend received from Rand Mutual Assurance Limited.
Finance expense
Gold Fields recognized net finance expense of $100.4 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to $95.2 million in fiscal 2007.
Net finance expense in fiscal 2008 consisted of interest payments of $142.5 million partially offset by interest capitalized of $42.1 million.
The interest payments of $142.5 million in fiscal 2008 comprised:
| $61.0 million on the Mvelaphanda loan; |
| $28.2 million on forward cover costs for the foreign exchange contract taken out for the revolving credit facility. These forward cover costs are deemed to be interest costs; |
| $23.2 million on amounts borrowed under the split-tenor facility in the prior year in terms of the South Deep purchase; |
| $10.6 million on various Rand denominated borrowings incurred to finance capital expenditure and operating costs at Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix; |
| $5.5 million paid on various amounts borrowed under the split-tenor facility in fiscal 2008 for partial funding of the Cerro Corona capital expenditure and purchases of additional shares in Sino Gold Limited; |
156
| $2.7 million on $172.0 million of non-convertible redeemable preference shares issued on December 24, 2007; |
| $2.5 million on $63.6 million of Rand denominated borrowings under various uncommitted credit facilities taken out for the purchase of mineral rights adjacent to the South Deep operation; |
| $7.8 million on $150.0 million borrowed under the Cerro Corona project finance facility; and |
| $1.0 million of miscellaneous interest payments. |
See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities.
Interest on borrowings incurred in respect of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended use is capitalized to the date on which the assets are substantially completed and ready for their intended use, at which time they will be amortized over the lives of the corresponding assets. $42.1 million of interest payments were capitalized in this way in fiscal 2008, in respect of the following operations:
Kloof: |
$0.3 million; | |
Driefontein: |
$2.4 million; | |
South Deep: |
$2.8 million; | |
Tarkwa: |
$4.8 million; and | |
Cerro Corona: |
$31.8 million. |
Net finance expense in fiscal 2007 consisted of net interest payments of $89.4 million and realized exchange losses on loans of $5.8 million.
The interest payments of $102.7 million in fiscal 2007 comprised:
| $61.6 million on the Mvelaphanda loan; |
| $9.3 million on the $168 million borrowed to partly finance the Bolivar acquisition; |
| $13.8 million on $1.2 billion borrowed to finance the acquisition of BGSA under a $1.8 billion bridge loan facility entered into by GFIMSA; |
| $12.9 million on a further $550 million borrowed under the bridge facility to settle the Western Areas gold derivative structure and to finance certain working capital requirements; |
| $3.6 million of loan transaction costs incurred on the $1.8 billion bridge loan facility and a $750 million syndicated loan facility entered into by GFIMSA, Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, or Orogen, and Western Areas; and |
| $1.5 million of miscellaneous interest payments. |
See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities.
$13.3 million of interest payments were capitalized to capital projects, resulting in net interest payments of $89.4 million. The $13.3 million was capitalized to:
Kloof: |
$0.2 million; | |
Driefontein: |
$0.2 million; | |
South Deep: |
$0.1 million; | |
Tarkwa: |
$0.4 million; and | |
Cerro Corona: |
$12.4 million. |
157
The realized exchange losses on loans of $5.8 million comprised a $6.3 million loss on the $1.2 billion borrowed under the bridge loan facility to finance the acquisition of BGSA, offset in part by a $0.5 million gain on the $550 million borrowed to settle the Western Areas gold derivative structure before this exposure was hedged by a foreign exchange contract.
Unrealized gain on financial instruments
There was no unrealized gain or loss on financial instruments in fiscal 2008 compared to an unrealized gain of $15.4 million in fiscal 2007.
The unrealized gain of $15.4 million in fiscal 2007 consisted of a mark-to-market gain on various warrants and options held in respect of underlying share investments, primarily related to Sino Gold Limited options.
Realized gain/(loss) on financial instruments
Gold Fields recognized a realized gain of $19.8 million in fiscal 2008 compared to a realized loss of $10.7 million in fiscal 2007 relating to financial instruments.
The $19.8 million realized gain in fiscal 2008 comprised:
| $11.6 million gain on the expiration of US dollar/ Rand currency hedges; |
| $8.1 million gain related to an interest rate swap Gold Fields had entered into in connection with the Mvela Loan. This swap was closed out on June 3, 2005 resulting in a realized gain of $36.2 million. This gain is being accounted for in the income statement over the remaining period of the underlying loan. $26.3 million has been accounted for in the income statement since the close out. The balance of $9.9 million will be accounted for in fiscal 2009; |
| $1.4 million gain on the settlement of IPE gasoil call options; and |
| $1.3 million loss on various warrants and options converted to shares. |
| The $10.7 million realized loss in fiscal 2007 comprised: |
| $1.0 million net loss on the settlement of the $30.0 million U.S. dollar/Rand currency financial instruments; |
| $2.5 million loss on the settlement of IPE gasoil call options; |
| $20.7 million loss on settlement of the Western Areas gold derivative structure; and |
| $16.0 million loss on the forward exchange contract taken out to partly settle the $1.2 billion borrowed under the $1.8 billion bridge loan facility to finance substantially all of the cash portion of the acquisition of BGSA, partly offset by: |
| $21.0 million gain on the Western Areas gold delta purchases; |
| $8.2 million gain related to the Mvela Loan interest rate swap; and |
| $0.3 million gain on U.S. dollar/Australian call options. |
Gain/(loss) on foreign exchange
Gold Fields recognized an exchange gain of $1.7 million in fiscal 2008 compared to an exchange loss of $15.1 million in fiscal 2007. The gain of $1.7 million in fiscal 2008 comprised exchange gains on foreign currency denominated cash balances. The exchange loss in fiscal 2007 comprised a $16.5 million exchange loss on the settlement of the Western Areas gold derivative structure, partially offset by a $1.4 million exchange gain on foreign currency denominated bank balances, mainly at Choco 10 and Cerro Corona.
158
Profit on disposal of listed investments
During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields continued to liquidate certain non-current investments. The profit on the sale of these investments amounted to $3.7 million and resulted from the following sales:
| $2.1 million gain from the sale of 14.8 million shares in Emed Mining Public Limited; |
| $4.8 million gain from the sale of various shares held by the New Africa Mining Fund; |
| $0.1 million gain from the sale of 0.03 million shares in Resource Investment Trust; |
| $2.7 million loss from the sale of 8.1 million shares in Committee Bay Resources Limited; and |
| $0.6 million loss from the sale of 0.5 million shares in Lakota Resources Inc. |
During fiscal 2007, Gold Fields realized a profit on the sale of investments amounting to $26.8 million resulting from the following sales:
| $17.1 million gain from the sale of 19.8 million shares in Avoca Resources Ltd; |
| $6.0 million gain from the sale of the Bibiani project in Ghana; |
| $1.0 million gain from the sale of 3.2 million shares in the TLC Ventures Corporation; |
| $1.0 million gain from the sale of 7.6 million shares in Comaplex Minerals Corporation; |
| $0.7 million gain from the sale of 21.5 million shares in Anglo Australian Resources Ltd; and |
| $1.0 million gain from the sale of various other investments. |
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries
During fiscal 2008 Gold Fields realized a profit on sale of subsidiaries of $208.4 million comprised of $191.1 million realized on the sale of the Essakane project in Burkina Faso and $17.3 million realized on the sale of the Venezuelan assets. See Information on the CompanyHistory.
There were no disposals of subsidiaries during fiscal 2007.
Other income/(expenses)
Other income/(expenses) represent miscellaneous corporate expenditure not allocated to the operations and therefore not included in the corporate expenditure line item, net of miscellaneous revenue items such as scrap sales and rental income. Other income/(expenses) increased by $8.1 million, from $2.2 million of expenses in fiscal 2007 to $5.9 million of income in fiscal 2008.
Other income/(expenses) in fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007 consisted of miscellaneous items which included:
| corporate social investment costs; |
| professional fees related to corporate advice; |
| a positive fair value adjustment to biological assets; and |
| refunds received for costs incurred at the Essakane project. |
Income and mining tax expense
The table below sets forth Gold Fields effective tax rate for fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007, including normal and deferred tax.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||
Effective tax expense rate |
32.2 | % | 43.5 | % |
159
In fiscal 2008, the effective tax expense rate of 32.2% differed from the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 43%, due to a reduction of $47.2 million in net tax charge arising from non-South African mining income being taxed at lower rates, a $30.5 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula and $74.6 million of net non-taxable income, mainly due to the sale of the Essakane project.
These reductions were partly offset by $33.5 million in charges relating to levies and royalties in Ghana and Australia and a $34.0 million increase in valuation allowance on Gold Fields Operations, GFI Joint Venture Holdings, Orogen Investments SA (Luxembourg) and Arctic Platinum losses.
In fiscal 2007, the effective tax expense rate of 43.5% differed from the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 45%, due to a reduction of $62.6 million in net tax charge arising from non-South African mining income being taxed at lower rates, a $27.9 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula and a $3.3 million reduction due to an increase in tax values in Australia following the recalculation of the consolidation of St. Ives and Agnew for tax purposes. A change in legislation in Australia allows companies that consolidate for tax purposes to recalculate the tax values of assets based on a market value calculation.
These reductions were partly offset by $29.4 million in charges relating to levies and royalties in Ghana and Australia, a further $45.5 million of net non-deductible expenditure, mainly due to exploration costs and share-based payment costs and a $20.5 million increase in valuation allowance on Western Areas and BGSAs losses.
Impairment of investment in equity investee
Impairment of investment in equity investee was $61.3 million in fiscal 2008. This impairment related to Gold Fields investment in Rusoro, in which Gold Fields owns 36.2%, which was written down to its market value.
There was no impairment of investment in equity investee in fiscal 2007.
Share of equity investees (losses)/income
Share of equity investees (losses)/income decreased from $0.3 million of income in fiscal 2007 to $16.0 million of loss in fiscal 2008.
Gold Fields equity accounts for two associates: Rand Refinery Limited, or Rand Refinery, and Rusoro Mining Limited, or Rusoro. Gold Fields owns 34.9% of Rand Refinery, and its share of Rand Refinerys after tax profits was $4.7 million in fiscal 2008. Gold Fields acquired a 36.2% stake in Rusoro in connection with sale of its Venezuelan assets on November 30, 2007. Gold Fields share of Rusoros after tax loss was $20.7 million for the seven months it held the Rusoro shares in fiscal 2008. See Information on the CompanyHistory.
The $0.3 million of income in fiscal 2007 relates to the recording of $2.0 million of profits from Rand Refinery Limited, of which Gold Fields owns 34.9%, partly offset by $1.7 million of equity losses related to Western Areas prior to Gold Fields gaining control of Western Areas, with effect from December 1, 2006.
Minority interests
Minority interests represented an expense of $39.8 million in fiscal 2008, compared to an expense of $26.5 million in fiscal 2007. For fiscal 2008 these amounts reflect the portion of the net income of Gold Fields Ghana, Abosso, Choco 10 until its disposal on November 30, 2007 and Living Gold attributable to their minority shareholders. For fiscal 2007 these amounts reflect the portion of the net income of Gold Fields Ghana, Abosso, Choco 10, Living Gold, as well as Western Areas and South Deep for the four months, from December 1, 2006 to March 31, 2007, that Gold Fields controlled, but did not own 100% of, those entities. The minority shareholders interest was 28.9% in Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso in fiscal 2008 and 2007, 5% in Choco 10 in fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007 and 35% in Living Gold in fiscal 2008 and 2007. The amounts due to minority shareholders were higher in fiscal 2008 primarily due to increased net income at Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso in fiscal 2008.
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Net income
As a result of the factors discussed above, Gold Fields net income was $452.5 million in fiscal 2008, compared with net income of $246.1 million in fiscal 2007.
Years Ended June 30, 2007 and 2006
Revenues
Product sales increased by $453 million, or 20%, from $2,282.0 million in fiscal 2006 to $2,735.2 million in fiscal 2007. The increase in product sales was due to an increase in the average realized gold price of 21.8% from $524 per ounce in fiscal 2006 to $638 per ounce in fiscal 2007, partially offset by a decrease of approximately 0.062 million ounces, or 1.4%, in total gold sold, from 4.351 million ounces in fiscal 2006 to 4.289 million ounces in fiscal 2007. The decrease in ounces sold resulted from lower production from the international operations, mainly Damang, partially offset by production from the Choco 10 mine in Venezuela, which was acquired on March 1, 2006. Production at the South African operations in fiscal 2007 was similar to fiscal 2006, as lower production from the existing mines was offset by production from the South Deep mine, which was acquired on December 1, 2006.
At the South African operations, gold production decreased from 2.66 million ounces in fiscal 2006 to 2.65 million ounces in fiscal 2007. Production at Driefontein decreased by 12% to 1.02 million ounces mainly due to lower underground and surface grades, as well as lower tonnage. Production at Kloof increased marginally to 0.92 million ounces in fiscal 2007 from 0.91 million ounces in fiscal 2006, with lower surface and underground grades offset by higher tonnage. Gold production at Beatrix decreased by 9% from 0.60 million ounces in fiscal 2006 to 0.54 million ounces in fiscal 2007, despite a small increase in tonnage, due to lower grades. The overall lower production at these operations was largely offset by production from South Deep, which Gold Fields acquired on December 1, 2006 and which produced 0.17 million ounces for the seven months to June 30, 2007.
At the international operations, total gold production decreased from 1.69 million ounces in fiscal 2006 to 1.64 million ounces in fiscal 2007. In Ghana, Damangs gold production decreased by 20% from 0.24 million ounces in fiscal 2006 to 0.19 million ounces in fiscal 2007 due to a reduction of available high grade fresh ore tonnages mined and processed. Production at Tarkwa was marginally lower at 0.70 million ounces, compared to 0.71 million ounces in fiscal 2006. In Australia, production at St. Ives and Agnew both decreased by about 3% to 0.49 million ounces and 0.21 million ounces, respectively, in fiscal 2007, from 0.50 million ounces and 0.22 million ounces, respectively, in fiscal 2006. The decrease at St. Ives was due to a reduction of high grade underground ore from Junction and East Repulse, which was replaced with lower grade surface ore. At Agnew, the decrease was due to an increase in ore mined from the lower grade Songvang open pit, which replaced depleted higher grade underground ore. At Choco 10, gold production was hampered by a lack of water to run the mill at design capacity as from December, 2006. Despite this, gold production doubled to 0.056 million ounces, as fiscal 2006 included only production as from the acquisition date of March 1, 2006. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations.
Total gold sold and total gold produced are the same at all the operations with the exception of Choco 10, where there may be differences due to timing of sales.
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Costs and Expenses
The following table sets out Gold Fields total ounces sold and weighted average total cash costs and total production costs per ounce for fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2007. Amounts for fiscal 2006 have been adjusted due to the change in accounting principle in fiscal 2007 regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized.
Fiscal 2006 | Fiscal 2007 | Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total cash costs |
Percentage increase/ (decrease) in unit total production costs |
|||||||||||||||
Gold sold | Total cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
Gold sold | Total cash costs(1) |
Total production costs(2) |
|||||||||||||
(000 oz) | ($/oz) | (000 oz) | ($/oz) | (%) | ||||||||||||||
South Africa |
||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein |
1,150 | 315 | 393 | 1,017 | 349 | 419 | 10.8 | 6.6 | ||||||||||
Kloof |
914 | 374 | 467 | 923 | 367 | 458 | (0.2 | ) | (0.2 | ) | ||||||||
Beatrix |
596 | 354 | 425 | 543 | 378 | 455 | 6.8 | 7.1 | ||||||||||
South Deep(3) |
| | | 166 | 595 | 714 | | | ||||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(4) |
709 | 300 | 350 | 697 | 378 | 434 | 26.0 | 24.0 | ||||||||||
Damang(5) |
235 | 432 | 447 | 188 | 597 | 602 | 38.2 | 34.7 | ||||||||||
Venezuela |
||||||||||||||||||
Choco 10(6) |
28 | 293 | 399 | 56 | 565 | 659 | 92.8 | 65.2 | ||||||||||
Australia(7) |
||||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
497 | 346 | 488 | 487 | 416 | 589 | 20.2 | 20.7 | ||||||||||
Agnew |
222 | 268 | 326 | 212 | 399 | 462 | 48.9 | 41.7 | ||||||||||
Total(8)(9) |
4,351 | | | 4,289 | | | | | ||||||||||
Weighted average |
| 338 | 419 | | 394 | 482 | 16.6 | 15.0 |
Notes:
(1) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(2) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce by dividing total production costs, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
(3) | In fiscal 2007, 0.163 million ounces of sales were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the South Deep operation. |
(4) | In fiscal 2006 and 2007, 0.504 million ounces and 0.496 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(5) | In fiscal 2006 and 2007, 0.167 million ounces and 0.134 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Damang operation. |
(6) | In fiscal 2006 and 2007, 0.027 million ounces and 0.053 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Choco 10 operation. |
(7) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
(8) | In fiscal 2006 and 2007, 4.074 million ounces and 4.024 million ounces of sales, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana and Venezuela operations and, in fiscal 2007, South Deep. |
(9) | The total may not reflect the sum of the line items due to rounding. |
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The following tables set out a reconciliation of Gold Fields production costs to its total cash costs and total production costs for fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006.
For the year ended 30 June 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | Choco 10 | St. Ives | Agnew | Corporate | Group | ||||||||||||||||||
(in $ millions except as otherwise noted)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs |
361.2 | 344.9 | 211.1 | 99.0 | 261.5 | 109.0 | 33.7 | 212.5 | 83.1 | (8.3 | ) | 1,707.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
7.5 | 7.9 | 6.0 | 0.1 | 11.2 | 0.2 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 1.5 | (5.8 | ) | 36.4 | ||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustment |
| | | | (0.6 | ) | | | 0.9 | (7.2 | ) | | (6.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Exploration |
0.8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | | 0.6 | 0.2 | | 12.6 | 7.6 | | 22.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee termination cost |
2.1 | 1.8 | 0.9 | | | | | | | 0.1 | 4.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Royalty |
| | | | 13.3 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 7.8 | 3.5 | | 29.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
355.0 | 338.6 | 205.6 | 98.9 | 263.6 | 112.2 | 31.3 | 202.6 | 84.7 | (2.4 | ) | 1,690.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization(2) |
70.1 | 84.3 | 41.5 | 19.7 | 39.7 | 2.7 | 5.4 | 83.1 | 22.5 | 19.2 | 388.2 | |||||||||||||||||
GIP adjustments(2) |
| | | | (0.6 | ) | | | 0.9 | (7.2 | ) | | (6.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
0.8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | | (0.1 | ) | (1.8 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | (1.8 | ) | | (2.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total production costs |
425.9 | 423.1 | 247.5 | 118.6 | 302.6 | 113.1 | 36.7 | 286.8 | 98.2 | 16.8 | 2,069.3 | |||||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(3) |
1,016.5 | 922.9 | 543.4 | 163.2 | 697.2 | 187.9 | 54.6 | 486.9 | 212.4 | | 4,284.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000 oz) |
1,016.5 | 922.9 | 543.4 | 166.1 | 697.2 | 187.9 | 55.7 | 487.0 | 212.4 | | 4,288.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(4) |
349 | 367 | 378 | 595 | 378 | 597 | 562 | 416 | 399 | 394 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(5) |
419 | 458 | 455 | 714 | 434 | 602 | 659 | 589 | 462 | | 482 |
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R7.20 per $1.00. |
(2) | Non-cash portion of GIP adjustments shown separately. Gold in process, or GIP, represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(3) | In fiscal 2007, 4.024 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana, Choco 10 and South Deep operations. |
(4) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(5) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
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For the year ended June 30, 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | Tarkwa | Damang | Choco 10 | St. Ives | Agnew | Corporate | Group | |||||||||||||||
(in $ millions except as otherwise noted)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Production Costs(2) |
365.1 | 343.4 | 212.2 | 211.7 | 101.7 | 8.4 | 176.3 | 80.9 | | 1,499.7 | ||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
G&A other than corporate costs |
5.2 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 11.5 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 4.2 | 3.4 | | 35.1 | ||||||||||||||
GIF adjustment |
| | | (1.2 | ) | | | (1.9 | ) | (0.2 | ) | | (3.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Exploration |
| | | | 2.0 | | 9.4 | 21.4 | | 32.8 | ||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee termination cost |
2.4 | 3.0 | 2.1 | | | | 0.8 | 0.5 | | 8.8 | ||||||||||||||
Royalty |
| | | 11.2 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 2.9 | | 24.8 | ||||||||||||||
Total cash costs |
362.3 | 341.6 | 210.8 | 212.6 | 101.5 | 8.3 | 171.9 | 59.7 | | 1,468.7 | ||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization(3) |
87.4 | 82.5 | 40.9 | 36.5 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 71.3 | 12.9 | 12.3 | 350.3 | ||||||||||||||
GIF adjustments(3) |
| | | (1.2 | ) | | | (1.9 | ) | (0.2 | ) | | (3.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Rehabilitation |
1.8 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 0.3 | | | 0.9 | | | 7.2 | ||||||||||||||
Total production costs |
451.5 | 426.7 | 253.3 | 248.2 | 105.0 | 11.3 | 242.2 | 72.4 | 12.3 | 1,822.9 | ||||||||||||||
Gold produced (000 oz)(4) |
1,149.5 | 914.0 | 596.1 | 709.2 | 235.1 | 25.3 | 496.4 | 222.4 | | 4,348.0 | ||||||||||||||
Gold sold (000 oz) |
1,149.5 | 914.0 | 596.1 | 709.2 | 235.1 | 28.3 | 496.4 | 222.4 | | 4,351.0 | ||||||||||||||
Total cash costs ($/oz)(5) |
315 | 374 | 354 | 300 | 432 | 293 | 346 | 268 | | 338 | ||||||||||||||
Total production costs ($/oz)(6) |
393 | 467 | 425 | 350 | 447 | 399 | 488 | 326 | | 419 |
Notes:
(1) | Calculated using an exchange rate of R6.40 per $1.00. |
(2) | Production costs for fiscal 2006 have been adjusted due to the fiscal 2007 change in accounting principle regarding ore reserve development costs, which were previously expensed and are now capitalized. |
(3) | Non-cash portion of gold in process, or GIP, adjustments shown separately. GIP represents gold in the processing circuit, which is expected to be recovered. |
(4) | In fiscal 2006, 4.074 million ounces of production were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghana and Choco 10 operations. |
(5) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total cash costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 1. |
(6) | For information on how Gold Fields has calculated total production costs per ounce, see Key InformationSelected Historical Consolidated Financial DataStatement of Operations DataFootnote 2. |
Gold Fields weighted average total cash costs per ounce increased by $56 per ounce, or 16.6%, from $338 per ounce in fiscal 2006 to $394 per ounce in fiscal 2007. The majority of this increase was due to increased expenditure on the Teberebie cutback at Tarkwa and the Damang pit cutback, together with lower production due to less high grade ore available at Damang and lower yields across the Group. In addition, there was a significant increase in input costs, especially fuel, steel and cyanide and other reagents, and in wages, especially at the South African operations together with increased fleet maintenance costs at Tarkwa. The higher unit cash cost of the newly acquired South Deep also contributed toward this increase. These higher costs were partially offset by the conversion of Rand costs at the South African operations to dollars at a weaker Rand/U.S. dollar exchange rate. The Rand weakened 12.5% against the U.S. dollar from an average of 6.40 in fiscal 2006 to 7.20 in fiscal 2007.
Production costs
Production costs increased by $207.8 million, or 13.9%, from $1,499.9 million in fiscal 2006 to $1,707.7 million in fiscal 2007. This was primarily due to the increased cost of waste removal at the Teberebie cutback at
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Tarkwa and the Damang main pit cutback, together with an increase at St. Ives due to a general increase in mining costs and increased royalties. Production costs from Choco 10 quadrupled due to the inclusion of costs for the full year compared with only four months in fiscal 2006 and the mine build-up to meet the anticipated increase in production. In South Africa production costs were similar at Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix, as the increase in Rand costs due to increased labor and input costs was offset by the 12.5% weaker Rand when converting to U.S. dollars. In Rand terms, production costs increased at all the South African operations from fiscal 2006 to fiscal 2007. Costs at South Deep have been included since it was acquired on December 1, 2006. In addition, there was a significant increase in input costs across Gold Fields operations, especially fuel, steel and cyanide and other reagents.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization charges increased by $34.9 million, or 9.9%, from $353.3 million in fiscal 2006 to $388.2 million in fiscal 2007. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on the units-of-production method and is based on current gold production as a percentage of total expected gold production over the lives of the different mines. The principal reason for this increase was the inclusion of South Deep since it was acquired on December 1, 2006 and the increase in mining volumes at the Australian operations.
The table below depicts the changes from June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2005 to December 31, 2006 for proven and probable reserves above current infrastructure and for the life of mine for each operation, and the resulting impact on the amortization charge in fiscal 2006 and 2007, respectively. The life of mine numbers below are taken from the operations strategic plans, adjusted for proven and probable reserve balances. In basic terms, amortization is calculated using the life of mine for each operation, which is based on: (1) the proven and probable reserves above infrastructure for the operation at the start of the relevant year (which are taken to be the same as at the end of the prior fiscal year and using only above infrastructure reserves) and (2) the amount of gold produced by the operation during the year. During fiscal 2006, Gold Fields decided to align determination of its reserves with its planning cycle and as a result a reserve statement as at December 31, 2005 was issued. This ore reserve statement became effective for amortization calculations as from April 1, 2006. The ore reserve statement as at December 31, 2006 become effective on May 1, 2007.
Proven and probable reserves as of | Life of mine(1) as of | Amortization as of | ||||||||||||||
June 30, 2005 |
December 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2006 |
June 30, 2005 |
December 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2006 |
June 30, 2006 |
June 30, 2007 | |||||||||
South Africa |
||||||||||||||||
Driefontein |
15,100 | 14,400 | 12,900 | 16 | 18 | 17 | 87.4 | 70.1 | ||||||||
Kloof(2) |
13,000 | 12,500 | 11,900 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 82.5 | 84.3 | ||||||||
Beatrix |
8,200 | 8,200 | 7,800 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 40.9 | 41.5 | ||||||||
South Deep(3) |
| | 18,200 | | | 23 | | 19.7 | ||||||||
Ghana |
||||||||||||||||
Tarkwa(4) |
13,400 | 14,400 | 12,700 | 21 | 23 | 14 | 37.5 | 39.7 | ||||||||
Damang(5) |
1,300 | 1,400 | 1,600 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 3.5 | 2.7 | ||||||||
Venezuela |
||||||||||||||||
Choco 10 |
| 1,200 | 1,800 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 3.0 | 5.4 | ||||||||
Australia(6) |
||||||||||||||||
St. Ives |
2,500 | 2,200 | 2,600 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 73.2 | 84.4 | ||||||||
Agnew |
900 | 800 | 700 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 13.1 | 22.5 | ||||||||
Corporate and other |
| | | | | | 12.2 | 19.1 | ||||||||
Total |
54,400 | 55,100 | 70,200 | | | | 353.3 | 388.2 | ||||||||
Cerro Corona |
| 3,200 | 3200 | | | | | | ||||||||
Reserves below infrastructure(7) |
10,200 | 10,000 | 23,100 | | | | | | ||||||||
Total reserves(8) |
64,600 | 68,300 | 96,400 | | | | | |
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Notes:
(1) | The life of mine for each operation shown in the above table differs from that shown in Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations. The life of mine in the above table is based on the above infrastructure proven and probable reserves, whereas the life of mine information in Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations is based on both above and below infrastructure proven and probable reserves. |
(2) | At Kloof, amortization decreased due primarily to changes in the sources of production as amortization is calculated based on the reserves at each shaft. |
(3) | As of December 31, 2006, reserves of 2.940 million ounces were attributable to Gold Fields with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the South Deep operation. |
(4) | As of June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2005 and 2006, reserves of 0.920 million ounces, 1.000 million ounces and 1.140 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Damang operation. |
(5) | As of June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2005 and 2006, reserves of 9.500 million ounces, 10.200 million ounces and 9.000 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Tarkwa operation. |
(6) | The consideration paid for the Australian operations in excess of the book value of the underlying net assets was allocated pro rata to the value of the underlying assets, which affected the allocation of amortization between St. Ives and Agnew. |
(7) | Below infrastructure reserves relate to mineralization which is located at a level at which an operation currently does not have infrastructure sufficient to allow mining operations to occur, but where the operation has made plans to install additional infrastructure in the future which will allow mining to occur at that level. |
(8) | As of June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2005 and 2006, reserves of 60.400 million ounces, 63.100 million ounces and 91.600 million ounces of gold, respectively, were attributable to Gold Fields, with the remainder attributable to minority shareholders in the Ghanaian and Venezuelan operations. |
Corporate expenditure
Corporate expenditure was $38.4 million in fiscal 2007 compared to $21.9 million in fiscal 2006, an increase of 75.3%. In Rand terms, corporate expenditure increased from R140.0 million in fiscal 2006 to R276.0 million in fiscal 2007. The main reason for this increase was increased staffing and other costs at the corporate level to service Gold Fields growing portfolio of assets, both in South Africa and internationally.
Employee termination costs
In fiscal 2007, Gold Fields incurred employee termination costs of $4.9 million compared to $9.1 million in fiscal 2006. The decrease in employee terminations costs resulted principally from lower retrenchments during fiscal 2007.
Exploration expenditure
Exploration expenditure was $48.4 million in fiscal 2007, an increase of 23.2% from $39.3 million in fiscal 2006. Gold exploration increased from $38.7 million in fiscal 2006 to $41.9 million in fiscal 2007 as a result of a deliberate effort to step up exploration activities. Exploration expenditure incurred at the Arctic Platinum Project, or the APP, increased from $0.6 million in fiscal 2006 to $6.5 million in fiscal 2007 due to the expenditure incurred by North American Palladium under the terms of its buy-in arrangement. See Information on the CompanyExplorationArctic Platinum Project.
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Impairment of assets
In both fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006, Gold Fields had no asset impairments.
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
During fiscal 2007, Gold Fields continued to dispose of certain surplus property, plant and equipment. The net profit on the sale of this property, plant and equipment amounted to $7.4 million, comprising:
| $2.6 million profit from the sale of two stage winders by Driefontein; |
| $3.5 million profit from the sale of surplus housing by Beatrix and South Deep; |
| $0.7 million profit from the sale of two mills by Driefontein; and |
| $0.6 million from miscellaneous asset sales by the operating mines. |
During fiscal 2006, Gold Fields disposed of certain surplus property, plant and equipment. The net profit on the sale of this property, plant and equipment amounted to $3.7 million, comprising:
| $2.3 million profit from the sale of a winder by Kloof; and |
| $1.7 million profit from the sale of mine houses by Beatrix, offset in part by a $0.3 million loss from miscellaneous asset sales by the operating mines. |
Increase/(Decrease) in provision for post-retirement healthcare costs
Under the medical plan which covers certain of its former employees, Gold Fields remains liable for 50% of the employees medical contribution to the medical schemes after their retirement. At June 30, 2007, approximately 224 (fiscal 2006: 226) former employees were covered under this plan, which is not available to members of the scheme formerly available to employees of the former Free State operation (which is now the Beatrix operation) who retired after August 31, 1997 and members of the Medisense medical scheme who retired after January 31, 1999.
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, Gold Fields assumed an additional post-retirement healthcare cost liability. Former employees of South Deep belong to a commercial medical scheme with employer liability for contribution per pensioner limited to R400 per month. The R400 monthly contribution is fixed until the termination of Gold Fields obligations on December 31, 2011. At June 30, 2007, there were 235 former South Deep employees that were subject to this employer contribution. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEmployeesBenefits.
In fiscal 2007, an amount of $1.3 million was debited to earnings, compared to a credit of $0.5 million in fiscal 2006, in respect of Gold Fields obligations under these medical plans. The $1.3 million debit in fiscal 2007 comprises the annual interest and service charge. The $0.5 million credit in fiscal 2006 was the result of a reversal of $0.5 million relating to the release of the cross-subsidization liability and a $0.7 million release as a result of benefits forfeited offset in part by the annual interest and service charge of $0.7 million. The post-retirement healthcare provision is updated annually based on actuarial calculations, with any increase in the provision reflected in the statement of operations.
Accretion expense on environmental rehabilitation
The rehabilitation charge for fiscal 2007 was $6.4 million compared to $8.6 million in fiscal 2006. The decrease is due primarily to a reduction in the liability at Damang for which there was no rehabilitation asset against which to offset this reduction, with the result that the reduction was credited to costs.
Share-based compensation
The charge for share-based compensation in fiscal 2007 was $12.5 million compared to $11.5 million in fiscal 2006.
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Effective July 1, 2005, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R). Prior to July 1, 2005, the Company had elected to follow Accounting Policies Board Opinion No. 25 Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, or APB No. 25, and its related interpretations in accounting for its share option schemes. The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method. Under this method, compensation cost recognized in fiscal 2006 included: (a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of July 1, 2005, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS 123(R); and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to July 1, 2005 based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R).
Interest and dividends
Interest and dividends amounted to $26.8 million in both fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006. Interest received on cash and cash equivalents amounted to $24.6 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to $24.4 million in fiscal 2006. Dividends received amounted to $2.2 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to $2.4 million in fiscal 2006.
Finance expense
Gold Fields recognized net finance expense of $95.2 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to $55.6 million in fiscal 2006.
Net finance expense in fiscal 2007 consisted of interest payments of $89.4 million and realized exchange losses on loans of $5.8 million.
The interest payments of $102.7 million in fiscal 2007 comprised:
| $61.6 million on the Mvelaphanda loan; |
| $9.3 million on the $168 million borrowed to partly finance the Bolivar acquisition; |
| $13.8 million on $1.2 billion borrowed to finance the acquisition of BGSA under a $1.8 billion bridge loan facility entered into by GFIMSA; |
| $12.9 million on a further $550 million borrowed under the bridge facility to settle the Western Areas gold derivative structure and to finance certain working capital requirements; |
| $3.6 million of loan transaction costs incurred on the $1.8 billion bridge loan facility and a $750 million syndicated loan facility entered into by GFIMSA, Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, or Orogen, and Western Areas; and |
| $1.5 million of miscellaneous interest payments. |
See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities.
$13.3 million of interest payments were capitalized to capital projects, resulting in net interest payments of $89.4 million. Interest on borrowings incurred in respect of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended use is capitalized to the date on which the assets are substantially completed and ready for their intended use. The $13.3 million was capitalized to:
Kloof: |
$0.2 million; | |||
Driefontein: |
$0.2 million; | |||
South Deep: |
$0.1 million; | |||
Tarkwa: |
$0.4 million; and | |||
Cerro Corona: |
$12.4 million. |
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The realized exchange losses on loans of $5.8 million comprised a $6.3 million loss on the $1.2 billion borrowed under the bridge loan facility to finance the acquisition of BGSA, offset in part by a $0.5 million gain on the $550 million borrowed to settle the Western Areas gold derivative structure before this exposure was hedged by a foreign exchange contract.
Net finance expense in fiscal 2006 consisted of interest payments of $74.4 million, comprising $69.3 million on the Mvelaphanda loan and $5.1 million of other interest payments. This was offset in part by realized exchange gains of $18.8 million.
Other interest payments comprised $2.5 million interest paid on the $158.0 million borrowed on March 9, 2006 under a U.S.$250.0 million credit facility entered into by Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, or Orogen, to partly finance the Bolivar acquisition, $1.5 million interest paid on a bridging loan related thereto incurred using Gold Fields uncommitted borrowing facilities pending the availability of the U.S.$250.0 million credit facility and $1.1 million of miscellaneous interest payments. See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities. The realized exchange gains consisted of a $10.3 million currency translation gain on funds held to meet commitments in respect of the Bolivar acquisition and an $8.5 million currency conversion gain arising from a change in the functional currency from U.S. dollars to Rand of one of the Groups offshore subsidiary companies, Gold Fields Holdings.
Unrealized gain on financial instruments
Gold Fields recognized an unrealized gain of $15.4 million in fiscal 2007 compared to an unrealized gain of $14.6 million in fiscal 2006 relating to financial instruments.
The unrealized gain of $15.4 million in fiscal 2007 consisted of a mark-to-market gain on various warrants and options held in respect of underlying share investments, primarily related to the Mvelaphanda Transaction and Sino Gold Limited options held. The unrealized gain of $14.6 million in fiscal 2006 consisted of a $12.8 million unrealized mark-to-market gain on various warrants and options held in respect of underlying share investments, primarily related to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, and an unrealized gain of $3.8 million on the $30.0 million U.S. dollar/Rand currency financial instruments Gold Fields held to cover U.S. dollar commitments payable from South Africa. This was partly offset by an unrealized loss of $1.6 million on the Australian dollar/U.S. dollar currency financial instruments Gold Fields held to allow it to participate in appreciation of the Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar and an unrealized loss of $0.4 million on IPE gasoil call options Gold Fields entered into during fiscal 2005.
Realized (loss)/gain on financial instruments
Gold Fields recognized a realized loss of $10.7 million in fiscal 2007 compared to a realized loss of $9.1 million in fiscal 2006 relating to financial instruments.
The $10.7 million realized loss in fiscal 2007 comprised:
| $1.0 million net loss on the settlement of the $30.0 million U.S. dollar/Rand currency financial instruments; |
| $2.5 million loss on the settlement of the IPE gasoil call options; |
| $20.7 million loss on settlement of the Western Areas gold derivative structure; and |
| $16.0 million loss on the forward exchange contract taken out to partly settle the $1.2 billion borrowed under the $1.8 billion bridge loan facility to finance substantially all of the cash portion of the acquisition of BGSA, partly offset by: |
| $21.0 million gain on the Western Areas gold delta purchases; |
169
| $8.2 million gain related to an interest rate swap Gold Fields had entered into in connection with the Mvela Loan. This swap was closed out on June 3, 2005 resulting in a realized gain of $36.2 million. This gain is being accounted for in the income statement over the remaining period of the underlying loan. $8.2 million was accounted for in the income statement in fiscal 2007. The balance of $18.0 million will be accounted for in fiscal 2008 to fiscal 2009; and |
| $0.3 million gain on the U.S. dollar/Australian call options. Of the $9.1 million realized loss in fiscal 2006, there was a $15.2 million loss on treasury trading activities, a $1.9 million realized loss on a Rand/U.S. dollar swap relating to the financing of the Bolivar acquisition and a $1.2 million net realized loss on the settlement of the $30.0 million U.S. dollar/Rand currency financial instruments. This was partly offset by a $9.2 million gain related to the interest rate swap Gold Fields entered into in connection with the Mvela Loan. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Interest Rate SensitivityGeneralInterest Rate Hedging Experience. |
Loss on foreign exchange
Gold Fields recognized an exchange loss of $15.1 million in fiscal 2007. This comprises a $16.5 million exchange loss on the settlement of the Western Areas gold derivative structure, partially offset by a $1.4 million exchange gain on foreign currency denominated bank balances, mainly at Choco 10 and Cerro Corona.
Profit on disposal of listed investments
During fiscal 2007, Gold Fields continued to liquidate certain non-current investments. The profit on the sale of these investments amounted to $26.8 million resulting from the following sales:
| $17.1 million from the sale of 19.8 million shares in Avoca Resources Ltd; |
| $6.0 million from the sale of the Bibiani project in Ghana; |
| $1.0 million from the sale of 3.2 million shares in the TLC Ventures Corporation; |
| $1.0 million from the sale of 7.6 million shares in Comaplex Minerals Corporation; |
| $0.7 million from the sale of 21.5 million shares in Anglo Australian Resources Ltd; and |
| $1.0 million from the sale of various other investments. |
During fiscal 2006, Gold Fields liquidated certain non-current investments. The profit on the sale of these investments amounted to $6.3 million. The largest portion of this amount was $4.7 million from the sale of Gold Fields 55% interest in the Committee Bay Joint Venture. In exchange for its 55% interest, Gold Fields received 7 million shares in Committee Bay Resources Limited, valued at $4.7 million. As the interest had a nil cost, the $4.7 million value of the shares received was also the profit.
Other expenses
Other expenses represents miscellaneous corporate expenditure not allocated to the operations and therefore not included in the corporate expenditure line item net of miscellaneous revenue items such as scrap sales and rental income. Other expenses decreased by $14.3 million, from $16.5 million in fiscal 2006 to $2.2 million in fiscal 2007.
Other expenses in fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006 consisted of miscellaneous cost items which included:
| corporate social investment costs; |
| professional fees related to corporate advice; |
| auditors fees and other costs relating to Gold Fields becoming compliant with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; and |
|
costs related to marketing Biox®. |
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Income and mining tax (expense)/benefit
The table below sets forth Gold Fields effective tax rate for fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006, including normal and deferred tax.
Year ended June 30, | ||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||
Effective tax expense rate |
43.5 | % | 35.8 | % |
In fiscal 2007, the effective tax expense rate of 43.5% differed from the maximum South African mining statutory tax rate of 45%, due to a reduction of $62.6 million in net tax charge arising from non-South African mining income being taxed at lower rates, a $27.9 million reduction relating to the South African mining tax formula and a $3.3 million reduction due to an increase in tax values in Australia following the recalculation of the consolidation of St. Ives and Agnew for tax purposes. A change in legislation in Australia allows companies that consolidate for tax purposes to recalculate the tax values of assets based on a market value calculation.
These reductions were partly offset by $29.4 million in charges relating to levies and royalties in Ghana and Australia, a further $45.5 million of net non-deductible expenditure, mainly due to exploration costs and share-based payment costs and a $20.5 million increase in valuation allowance on Western Areas and BGSAs losses.
In fiscal 2006, the effective tax expense rate of 35.8% differed from the maximum mining statutory tax rate of 45% for Gold Fields and its subsidiaries as a whole, primarily due to the effect of the mining tax formula of $13.5 million (representing the tax-free status of the first 5% of mining revenue) on the South African mining operations taxable income, $8.4 million due to the reduction during fiscal 2006 of the Ghanaian tax rates from 28.0% to 25.0% and $59.0 million due to certain of Gold Fields subsidiary companies having statutory tax rates that are lower than the maximum mining statutory tax rate of 45%. The effect of these items was offset by an amount of $22.3 million relating to the non-deductibility of certain exploration costs and share-based payment costs and by an amount of $24.9 million relating to foreign levies and royalties, which is included in the tax charge.
Share of equity investees income/(losses)
Share of equity investees income/(losses) decreased from $7.0 million loss in fiscal 2006 to $0.3 million income in fiscal 2007. The $0.3 million income in fiscal 2007 relates to the recording of $2.0 million of profits from Rand Refinery Limited, of which Gold Fields owns 34.9%, partly offset by $1.7 million of equity losses related to Western Areas prior to Gold Fields gaining control of Western Areas, with effect from December 1, 2006.
The $7.0 million loss in fiscal 2006 relates to the recording of the equity losses related to Bolivar prior to Gold Fields acquisition of the remaining interest in Bolivar it did not previously own with effect from February 28, 2006 and equity losses related to Western Areas prior to Gold Fields gaining control of Western Areas, with effect from December 1, 2006.
Minority interests
Minority interests represented an expense of $26.5 million in fiscal 2007, compared to an expense of $29.8 million in fiscal 2006. These amounts reflect the portion of the net income of Gold Fields Ghana, Abosso, Choco 10 and Living Gold attributable to their minority shareholders and Western Areas and South Deep for the four months, from December 1, 2006 to March 31, 2007, that Gold Fields controlled, but did not own 100% of, those entities. The minority shareholders interest was 28.9% in Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso in fiscal 2007 and 2006, 5% in Choco 10 in fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006, 35% in Living Gold in fiscal 2007 and 40% in fiscal 2006. The amounts due to minority shareholders were lower in fiscal 2007 primarily due to decreased net income at Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso in fiscal 2007.
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Net income/(loss)
As a result of the factors discussed above, Gold Fields net income was $246.1 million in fiscal 2007, compared with net income of $161.7 million in fiscal 2006.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash resources
Cash flows from operations
Net cash provided by operations in fiscal 2008 was $899.0 million compared to $205.2 million in fiscal 2007.
Gold Fields realized gold price increased from an average of $638 per ounce in fiscal 2007 to an average of $816 per ounce in fiscal 2008. The increase in realized price more than offset the decline in ounces of gold sold and resulted in revenue from product sales increasing by $471.0 million from $2,735.2 million in fiscal 2007 to $3,206.2 million in fiscal 2008.
The increased revenue was partially offset by:
| a $288.4 million increase in production costs which increased from $1,707.7 in fiscal 2007 to $1,996.1 in fiscal 2008; and |
| a $44.2 million increase in taxes paid as a result of the increased profitability. |
Net cash provided by operations in fiscal 2007 was $205.2 million compared to $587.1 million in fiscal 2006. In fiscal 2007, Gold Fields realized gold price increased to an average of $638 per ounce compared to $524 per ounce in fiscal 2006. The increase in realized price more than offset the minimal decline in ounces of gold sold and resulted in revenue from product sales increasing by $453.2 million from $2,282.0 million in fiscal 2006 to $2,735.2 million in fiscal 2007.
The increased revenues were offset in part by a $207.8 million increase in production costs, which increased from $1,499.9 million in fiscal 2006 to $1,707.7 million in fiscal 2007. In addition there was a $534.6 cash outflow resulting from the settlement of the Western Areas derivative structure. The net effect was a $381.9 million decrease in cash flow provided by operations.
Although revenues from Gold Fields South African operations are denominated in U.S. dollars, Gold Fields receives them in Rand, which are then subject to South African exchange control limitations. See Information on the CompanyRegulatory and Environmental MattersSouth AfricaExchange Controls. As a result, those revenues are generally not available to service Gold Fields non-Rand debt obligations or to make investments outside South Africa without the approval of the South African Reserve Bank.
Revenues from Gold Fields Ghanaian and Australian operations are also denominated in U.S. dollars, but unlike in South Africa, Gold Fields receives them in U.S. dollars or is freely able to convert them into U.S. dollars. These U.S. dollar amounts can be used by Gold Fields to service its U.S. dollar-denominated debt and to make investments in its non-South African operations.
Gold Fields received revenues from its Venezuelan operations either in Bolivars, or U.S. dollars, depending on whether the sales were made locally or exported. To the extent Gold Fields received U.S. dollars, it had to repatriate them to Venezuela and convert them to Bolivars at the official exchange rate. In certain circumstances, Gold Fields was able to convert, or reconvert, as the case may be, Bolivars to U.S. dollars, but there were restrictions on the uses for which such funds could be applied.
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Cash flows from investing activities
Net cash utilized in investing activities was $970.1 million in fiscal 2008 compared to $2,066.5 million in fiscal 2007. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the acquisition of subsidiaries of $1,240.9 million, an increase in proceeds on disposal of subsidiaries of $310.9 million partially offset by an increase in capital expenditure of $357.4 million.
Net cash utilized in investing activities was $2,066.5 million in fiscal 2007 compared to $958.1 million in fiscal 2006. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the acquisition of subsidiaries of $825.3 million and an increase in capital expenditure of $419.9 million partially offset by a decrease in the purchase of investments of $95.4 million.
Capital expenditure increased by $357.4 million to $1,154.4 million in fiscal 2008 compared to $797.0 million in fiscal 2007. Capital expenditure increased by $419.9 million to $797.0 million in fiscal 2007 compared to $377.1 million in fiscal 2006. In Rand terms, capital expenditure increased to R8,392.5 million in fiscal 2008 from R5,738.6 million in fiscal 2007, which was an increase from R2,413.7 million in fiscal 2006. The increase in capital expenditure was mainly due to spending on the Cerro Corona Project in Peru, an increase in ore reserve development at the South African operations, South Deeps new refrigeration plant and deepening and equipping of its ventilation shaft and new mining equipment at Tarkwa in connection with the CIL expansion project.
Expenditure on Gold Fields major capital projects in fiscal 2008 included:
| $348.0 million on the Cerro Corona Project in Peru, as compared to $234 million in fiscal 2007 and $52 million in fiscal 2006; |
| $169.6 million on ore reserve development at the South African operations, compared to $137.1 million in fiscal 2007 and $121.8 million in fiscal 2006; |
| $103.5 million on the development and equipping of the South Deep mine as the mine builds to full production as compared to $36.7 million in fiscal 2007 (the mine was acquired on December 1, 2006); |
| $89.7 million on the CIL expansion project at Tarkwa, as compared to $18.5 million in fiscal 2007 and $nil in fiscal 2006; |
| $36.7 million on the Shaft No. 9 deepening project at Driefontein, as compared with $22.5 million in fiscal 2007 and $nil in fiscal 2006. This project was suspended during fiscal 2008 due to power constraints; |
| $42.1 million of interest capitalized as compared to $16.7 million in fiscal 2007 and $1.7 million in fiscal 2006; |
| $30.4 million on heap leach pads at Tarkwa, as compared to $10.4 million in fiscal 2007 and $14.1 million in fiscal 2006; |
| $16.0 million on the Beatrix Shaft No. 3 expansion project as compared to $20.0 million in fiscal 2007 and $17.5 million in fiscal 2006; |
| $10.3 million on new mining equipment at Tarkwa, as compared to $17.3 million in fiscal 2007 and $4.7 million in fiscal 2006; |
| $8.4 million on the Kloof Shaft No. 1 pillar extraction, as compared to $8.6 million in fiscal 2007 and $6.3 million in fiscal 2006. Extraction of this pillar has been deferred until fiscal 2014. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsKloof Operation; |
| $5.7 million on the Shaft No. 4 project at Kloof, as compared to $11.6 million in fiscal 2007 and $6.6 million in fiscal 2006; and |
| $3.1 million on the Shaft No. 1 and Shaft No. 5 projects at Driefontein, as compared to $9.6 million in fiscal 2007 and $16.9 million in fiscal 2006. |
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Proceeds on the disposal of property, plant and equipment decreased from $8.8 million in fiscal 2007 to $5.8 million in fiscal 2008. In both years this related to the disposal of various mining assets by the South African mining operations. Proceeds on the disposal of property, plant and equipment were $6.3 million in fiscal 2006.
Purchase of listed investments increased from $68.1 million in fiscal 2007 to $134.5 million in fiscal 2008. The major investment purchases comprising the $134.5 million spent in fiscal 2008 were:
| $109.4 million invested in Sino Gold Limited; |
| $11.7 million on the conversion of options held in Mvelaphanda Resources Limited to shares; |
| $9.2 million invested in Conquest Mining Limited; |
| $0.7 million invested in Emed Mining Public Limited; and |
| $5.2 million invested in Orsu Metals Corporation (previously Lero Gold Corporation). |
Purchase of listed investments decreased from $163.5 million in fiscal 2006 to $68.1 million in fiscal 2007. The major investment purchases comprising the $68.1 million spent in fiscal 2007 were:
| $48.6 million invested in Sino Gold Limited; |
| $8.6 million invested in Conquest Mining Limited; |
| $3.2 million on the conversion of options held in Mvelaphanda Resources Limited to shares; |
| $2.9 million invested in Emed Mining Public Limited; |
| $2.2 million invested in Lero Gold Corporation; and |
| $2.2 million invested in CMQ Resources Incorporated. |
Proceeds from the sale of listed investments decreased from $45.3 million in fiscal 2007 to $13.7 million in fiscal 2008. The major investment disposals comprising the $13.7 million in fiscal 2008 were:
| $5.6 million from the sale of Emed Mining Public Limited shares; |
| $5.2 million from the sale of various shares held by the New Africa Mining Fund, a trust in which Gold Fields holds an interest; |
| $1.6 million from the sale of Committee Bay Resources Limited shares; and |
| $1.0 million from the sale of Encore Oil Limited shares; |
Proceeds on sale of listed investments increased from $2.8 million in fiscal 2006 to $45.3 million in fiscal 2007. The major investment disposals comprising the $45.3 million in fiscal 2007 were:
| $20.4 million from the sale of Avoca Resources Limited shares; |
| $14.0 million from the sale of Comaplex Minerals Corporation shares; |
| $6.0 million from the sale of the Bibiani Project; |
| $1.7 million from the sale of TLC Ventures Corporation shares; |
| $1.7 million from the sale of Anglo Australian Resources Limited shares; |
| $0.7 million from the sale of Sanu Resources Limited shares; and |
| $0.6 million from the sale of Troy Resources NL shares. |
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During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields realized cash proceeds of $310.9 million from disposals of subsidiaries. This comprised $143.3 million of net cash proceeds received from the sale of the Essakane project in Burkina Faso and $167.6 million of net cash proceeds received from the sale of the Venezuelan assets. The gross proceeds of the sale of Essakane amounted to $200.0 million consisting of the abovementioned net cash of $143.3 million and 41,666,667 shares in Orezone Resources Limited with a value of $48.0 million. The gross proceeds from the sale of the Venezuelan assets amounted to $413.0 million and comprised net cash of $167.6 million and 140,000,000 shares in Rusoro Mining Limited with a value of $213.0 million. There were no disposals of subsidiaries during fiscal 2007.
There were no acquisitions of subsidiaries during fiscal 2008.
During fiscal 2007 Gold Fields acquired South Deep and IRCA, which resulted in a net cash outflow of $1,240.9 million.
South Deep, which is an unincorporated joint venture, was acquired through the purchase of 100% of BGSA which owned 50% of the joint venture and 100% of Western Areas which owned the other 50% of the joint venture. On December 1, 2006, Gold Fields acquired 100% of the issued share capital of BGSA for $1,130.9 million. The cash element of the consideration, including a loan repayment, was $1,213.7 million. This amount, less the $2.1 million cash acquired, resulted in a net cash outflow of $1,211.6 million. Through a series of purchases starting in fiscal 1998 and completed by March 31, 2007, Gold Fields acquired 100% of the issued share capital of Western Areas for $1,039.2 million.
The cash element of the consideration paid during fiscal 2007 was $23.0 million. This amount, less the $1.4 million cash acquired, resulted in a net cash outflow of $21.6 million.
Therefore, the total purchase consideration to acquire South Deep was $2,170.1 million and the net cash outflow was $1,233.0 million.
On 1 March 2007, Gold Fields acquired 70% in IRCA for $7.9 million ($5.3 million paid plus bank overdraft of $2.6 million assumed).
During fiscal 2006, Gold Fields acquired two subsidiaries for a total of $415.6 million.
On January 11, 2006, Gold Fields acquired an 80.72% interest in La Cima for $40.5 million. La Cima is the holding company for the Cerro Corona Project.
During fiscal 2006, Gold Fields acquired the remaining shares it did not already own to give it a 100% interest in Bolivar Gold Corporation for $289.5 million ($295.4 million paid less cash acquired of $5.9 million). On that date, Gold Fields also made a loan of $72.4 million to Bolivar which was part of the purchase consideration and was subsequently capitalized. The total cash outflow, net of cash acquired, during fiscal 2006 relating to the acquisition of Bolivar was $375.1 million.
For its South African operations, Gold Fields contributes to an environmental trust fund it has established to provide for any environmental rehabilitation obligations and expected closure costs relating to its mining operations. The amounts invested in the trust funds are classified as non-current assets and any income earned on these assets is accounted for as interest income. The amount required to be contributed each year is calculated pursuant to a statutory formula, and can vary depending on how the funds investments performed, the lives of mine of the different South African operations and various other factors. During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields South African operations contributed $11.6 million to the environmental trust fund compared to $14.6 million in fiscal 2007 and $11.0 million in fiscal 2006. For the Ghana, Australia and Peru operations Gold Fields does not contribute to a trust fund.
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Cash flows from financing activities
Net cash utilized in financing activities was $20.2 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $1,931.9 million in fiscal 2007. The main reason for this movement was that fiscal 2007 included gross proceeds of $1,402.0 million as a result of the issuance of 90,850,000 new ordinary shares in a capital raising, as well as $2,637.5 million in loans received compared to only $603.4 million received in fiscal 2008, while loans repaid decreased from $1,950.5 million in fiscal 2007 to $586.5 million in fiscal 2008.
The $603.4 million in loans received in fiscal 2008 comprised:
| $225.0 million drawn down under a $750.0 million split-tenor revolving credit facility entered into by GFIMSA, Orogen and Gold Fields Operations to fund the capital expenditure on Cerro Corona and the acquisition of additional Sino Gold Limited shares; |
| $172.0 million from the issuance of non-convertible, redeemable preference shares to Rand Merchant Bank for purposes of refinancing existing facilities; |
| $23.0 million borrowed under the Cerro Corona project finance loan; and |
| $183.4 million borrowed by GFIMSA from various local banks, including borrowings under the ABSA 1 and 2 Facilities described below under Credit Facilities, to fund working capital requirements and capital expenditure. |
The $2,637.5 million in loans received in fiscal 2007 comprised:
| $1,209.0 million to partly finance the acquisition of South Deep borrowed under the $1.8 billion bridge loan facility entered into by GFIMSA; |
| $550.0 million borrowed under the $1.8 billion bridge loan facility to settle the Western Areas gold derivative structure and refinance certain existing working capital loans; |
| $550.0 million borrowed under the $750 million split-tenor facility to repay the $550 million borrowed under the bridge facility; |
| $168.0 million borrowed under the split-tenor facility to repay a $168.0 million syndicated loan used in part to partly finance the acquisition of Bolivar; |
| $127.0 million borrowed under the Cerro Corona project finance loan; |
| $23.5 million borrowed by Western Areas from Standard Bank to fund working capital requirements under a pre-existing Western Areas facility; and |
| $10.0 million borrowed for general corporate purposes under the syndicated loan facility entered into in connection with the acquisition of Bolivar. |
| The $586.5 million in loans repaid in fiscal 2008 comprised: |
| $432.0 million to repay in part the split tenor facility; and |
| $154.5 million to repay various committed and uncommitted facilities including the ABSA 1 and 2 facilities used to finance working capital and capital expenditure of the GFIMSA divisions. |
| The $1,950.5 million in loans repaid in fiscal 2007 comprised: |
| $23.5 million to repay the working capital loan by Western Areas to Standard Bank; |
| $1,209.0 million to repay a portion of the bridge loan facility used to partly finance the acquisition of South Deep; |
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| $550.0 million to repay a portion of the bridge loan facility used to settle the Western Areas gold derivative structure; and |
| $168.0 million to repay the syndicated loan used to partly finance the acquisition of Bolivar. |
$11.5 million of minority shareholder loans at Tarkwa were repaid in fiscal 2007 compared to $nil of minority shareholder loans being repaid in fiscal 2008.
Dividends paid amounted to $142.5 million in fiscal 2008 compared to $158.2 million in fiscal 2007. Dividend payments in fiscal 2008 amounted to Rand 1,044.8 million or 160 SA cents per ordinary share as compared to Rand 1,131.0 million or 200 SA cents per ordinary share in fiscal 2007.
During fiscal 2007, Damang paid a dividend and the minority shareholders share of this payment was $1.5 million. No such dividends were paid during fiscal 2008.
In fiscal 2008, $96.0 million was raised in a rights issue to minority shareholders in La Cima. As a result of Gold Fields converting its inter-company loan to equity, the minority shareholders decided to participate in a rights issue to avoid a dilution of their interest. The issuance of the shares to the minority shareholders was awaiting finalization of all statutory requirements at the end of fiscal 2008. The shares were issued to minority shareholders in August 2008.
In fiscal 2008, $10.0 million was received as a result of share options exercised, as compared to $10.8 million in fiscal 2007. In addition, in fiscal 2007 Gold Fields received $1,402.0 million from the issue of 90,850,000 shares as a result of the capital raising that took place in February 2007. The $1,402.0 million comprised gross proceeds of $1,427.4 million net of transaction costs of $25.4 million relating to the issue of these shares.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,931.9 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $78.6 million in fiscal 2006. The main reason for this movement was that fiscal 2007 included the proceeds of the $2,637.5 million of loans raised as compared to $158.0 million loan raised in fiscal 2006. In addition Gold Fields received $1,402.0 million from the capital raising that took place in fiscal 2007. These amounts were partly offset by loans repaid of $1,950.5 in fiscal 2007 as compared to loans repaid of nil in fiscal 2006. Dividends paid amounted to $158.2 million in fiscal 2007 compared to $61.8 million in fiscal 2006. The amount of dividends paid was higher than in fiscal 2007 principally due to the higher net income on which the dividend is calculated. Dividend payments in fiscal 2007 amounted to Rand 1,131.0 million or 200 SA cents per ordinary share as compared to Rand 394.5 million or 80 SA cents per ordinary share in fiscal 2006. During fiscal 2007, Tarkwa paid dividends and the minority shareholders share of these payments was $1.5 million compared to $13.0 million in fiscal 2006. In fiscal 2007, $10.8 million was received as a result of share options exercised as compared to $30.1 million in fiscal 2006. This decrease was partly offset by the $11.7 million repurchase and cancellation of ordinary shares in fiscal 2006.
Credit Facilities
As at June 30, 2008, Gold Fields had committed, unutilized banking facilities of $239.5 million available under the $750.0 million split-tenor syndicated revolving credit facility, or the Split-tenor Facility, described below and $187.5 million available under the Absa 1 and Absa 2 Facilities described below. As of the date of this annual report, Gold Fields had committed unutilized banking facilities of $62.5 million under the renegotiated ABSA 1 Facility described below and $188.0 million under the Split-tenor Facility. Substantial contractual arrangements for uncommitted borrowing facilities are maintained with several banking counterparties to meet Gold Fields normal contingency funding requirements. As of the date of this annual report, Gold Fields was not in default under the terms of any of its outstanding credit facilities.
In the event that Gold Fields undertakes any acquisitions or incurs significant capital expenditure, it may need to incur further debt or arrange other financing to fund the costs, which could have an adverse effect on Gold Fields liquidity, including increasing its level of debt.
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Cerro Corona Facility
On November 14, 2006, Gold Fields La Cima S.A., or La Cima, entered into a U.S.$150 million project finance facility agreement, or the Cerro Corona Facility, with The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., The Bank of Nova Scotia, The Bank of Nova Scotia Trust Company of New York, Scotiabank Peru S.A.A. and other financial institutions, as set out in the agreement. The terms of the Cerro Corona Facility are an upfront arrangement fee of 1.2% and a margin over LIBOR of 0.45% during the pre-completion phase and between 1.25% and 1.75% thereafter. Scheduled principal repayments shall be made in 16 semi-annual installments of various amounts ranging from 4.75% to 6.75% of the principal amount, beginning on June 30, 2009. The final installment is due on the tenth anniversary of the signing date. The Cerro Corona Facility is secured by, among other things, pledges of and mortgages over the assets and properties of La Cima. La Cima can elect to make optional prepayments and must make prepayments in certain circumstances, including with the proceeds of any bond issuances up to a maximum of U.S.$100 million. As at June 30, 2008, Gold Fields La Cima had drawn down U.S.$150.0 million under this facility and, as of the date of this annual report, the facility is fully drawn. See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsCerro Corona Project.
Acquisition of South Deep
In connection with the acquisition of BGSA and Western Areas, GFIMSA entered into a U.S.$1.8 billion credit facility, or the GFIMSA Facility, with Citibank, N.A. London Branch, J.P. Morgan Plc, J.P. Morgan Europe Limited on November 24, 2006. Under the GFIMSA Facility, Gold Fields paid a commitment fee of 0.15% until three months from the date of the agreement, then 0.20% until six months from the date of the agreement and 0.25% thereafter on any undrawn amounts. Gold Fields paid an upfront arrangement fee of 0.15% and further arrangement fees of 0.10% of the unborrowed amount as of the first day of each of the fourth and seventh months from the date of the agreement, as well as an agency fee of U.S.$5,000 per annum. Amounts borrowed under the GFIMSA Facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.40% until three months from the date of the agreement, 0.50% until sixth months from the date of the agreement and 0.60% thereafter.
On December 1, 2006, Gold Fields borrowed U.S.$1.2 billion under the GFIMSA facility to finance substantially all of the cash portion of the acquisition of BGSA, including the repayment of an outstanding loan. On January 30, 2007, Gold Fields borrowed a further U.S.$550 million under the GFIMSA facility to settle the Western Areas gold derivative structure and to refinance certain existing working capital loans.
In February 2007, Gold Fields used available cash to repay the U.S.$1.2 billion of debt incurred in connection with the acquisition of BGSA. On May 18, 2007, Gold Fields utilized a portion of the Split-tenor Facility to repay the balance of the GFIMSA Facility in full.
Bolivar Acquisition
On February 28, 2006, Gold Fields acquired the remaining interest of 85.55% it did not already own in Bolivar for $289.5 million ($295.4 million paid less cash acquired of $5.9 million). On that date, Gold Fields also made a loan of $72.4 million to Bolivar which was part of the purchase consideration and was subsequently capitalized.
On March 3, 2006, Orogen entered into a U.S.$250.0 million syndicated loan term facility, or the Orogen Facility, with lead lenders Barclays Bank Plc and JP Morgan Europe Limited. The purpose of the facility was to partly finance the acquisition of Bolivar and to provide funding lines for general corporate purposes. On March 9, 2006, Orogen drew down U.S.$158.0 million under the Orogen Facility and on January 8, 2007, it drew down a further U.S.$10 million. The loan bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.35% and was repaid in full on May 21, 2007, using a portion of the Split-tenor Facility.
Split-tenor Revolving Credit Facility
On May 16, 2007, GFIMSA, Orogen and Western Areas entered into a U.S.$750.0 million split-tenor revolving credit facility, or the Split-tenor Facility, with lead lenders Barclays Bank Plc and ABN Amro N.V.
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The Split-tenor Facility consists of a U.S.$250 million 364-day revolving tranche (Facility A) and a U.S.$500 million five-year revolving tranche (Facility B). The purpose of the Split-tenor Facility is (i) to refinance the Orogen Facility and the GFIMSA Facility and (ii) for general corporate purposes. Borrowings under the Split-tenor Facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited, Orogen and Western Areas. Under the Split-tenor Facility, Gold Fields must maintain a consolidated EBITDA to consolidated net finance charge ratio of at least 5 to 1 and a consolidated net borrowing to consolidated EBITDA ratio of no more than 2.5 to 1. There are also restrictions on the ability of Gold Fields and certain of its subsidiaries to encumber their assets, dispose of assets or enter into a merger or corporate reconstruction. In connection with this facility Gold Fields paid an arrangement fee of 0.10% on Facility A and 0.30% on Facility B and pays a quarterly commitment fee of 0.0625% of any undrawn amounts under Facility A and 0.09% of any undrawn amounts under Facility B and an agency fee of U.S.$35,000 per annum. Borrowings under Facility A bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.25% per annum while borrowings under Facility B bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.3% per annum. Where the total utilizations under Facility A are equal to or greater than 50% of the amount available, a utilization fee of 0.05% per annum will be payable on the total amount of utilizations. Such utilization fee is payable quarterly in arrears.
On May 21, 2007, Western Areas drew down U.S.$50.8 million under Facility A and U.S.$500 million under Facility B. Orogen drew down U.S.$168 million under Facility A on May 21, 2007 and the remaining amount available under Facility A on September 25, 2007.
On December 6, 2007, Gold Fields utilized the proceeds from the sale of its Essakane exploration project in Burkina Faso and its Choco 10 mine in Venezuela to repay Facility A in its entirety (U.S.$250 million) and to partly repay Facility B (U.S.$10 million). On December 31, 2007, Gold Fields utilized the proceeds from the issue of non-convertible redeemable preference shares to further partly repay Facility B by U.S.$172 million. Subsequent to this Orogen drew down U.S.$73 million under Facility A on various dates and on April 25, 2008, Gold Fields Operations drew down U.S.$177 million under Facility A to partly repay its loan under Facility B. This repayment entitled Gold Fields to exercise the term out option under Facility A as detailed below.
On April 28, 2008 Gold Fields Limited exercised a term-out option under Facility A pursuant to which the U.S.$250 million advance outstanding under Facility A at that date was converted to a term loan with a final maturity date of May 16, 2009. In connection with the conversion, Gold Fields paid a term-out fee of 0.05% of the amount that was converted.
Subsequent to the term-out option being exercised, Orogen drew down a further U.S.$121 million under Facility B. On September 17, 2008, Orogen drew down a further U.S.$30 million and on November 4, 2008, Orogen drew down a further U.S.$20 million.
In terms of the facility agreement, Gold Fields has the option to repay the loan under Facility A early in whole or in part by giving 5 days prior notice. Facility B matures on May 16, 2012.
R500 million Revolving Credit Facility
On August 21, 2007, GFIMSA entered into a R500 million 364-day revolving credit facility, or the Absa 1 Facility, with Absa Capital (a division of Absa Bank Limited). Borrowings under this facility was guaranteed by Gold Fields. The Absa 1 Facility was used for general corporate purposes. In terms of the facility agreement, Gold Fields had to maintain a ratio of total net borrowing to tangible consolidated net worth not exceeding 0.40, minimum tangible consolidated net worth of R13 billion and a minimum interest cover ratio of 2.5 times. The Absa 1 Facility bore interest at Johannesburg Interbank Agreed Rate, or JIBAR, plus a margin of 0.70% per annum.
On August 24, 2007, GFIMSA drew down R250 million under the Absa 1 Facility and on December 28, 2007, GFIMSA drew down an additional R250 million. On June 24, 2008 the R500 million was repaid in full. Subsequent to year end Rand 500 million was drawn down on this facility, and was fully repaid on August 19, 2008. The Absa 1 Facility expired on August 21, 2008.
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On September 22, 2008, this facility was renegotiated as a short term facility expiring on October 21, 2008. With effect from November 11, 2008, this facility was renegotiated as a 364-day facility, expiring on November 10, 2009. This facility bears interest at JIBAR plus a margin of 1.20% per annum. As of the date of this annual report, nothing has been drawn down under the renegotiated facility.
R1,000 million Short Term Revolving Credit Facility
On January 31, 2008, GFIMSA, Gold Fields Operations, Orogen and GFLMSL entered into a R1,000 million 364-day revolving credit facility effective May 15, 2008, or the Absa 2 Facility, with ABSA Capital. The Absa 2 Facility is to be used for capital expenditures in respect of gold mining projects and general corporate and working capital purposes. Borrowings under the Absa 2 Facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields Limited, Gold Fields Holdings, Gold Fields Operations, Orogen and GFIMSA. In terms of the Absa 2 Facility, Gold Fields needs to maintain a consolidated EBITDA to consolidated net finance charge ratio of at least 5 to 1 and a consolidated net borrowing to consolidated EBITDA ratio of no more than 2.5 to 1. There are also restrictions on the ability of Gold Fields and certain of its subsidiaries to encumber their assets, dispose of assets or enter into a merger or corporate reconstruction. Borrowings under the Absa 2 Facility bear interest at JIBAR plus 0.70% per annum. Gold Fields will pay a quarterly commitment fee of 0.15% per annum on any undrawn amounts under the Absa 2 Facility.
The Absa 2 Facility is repayable on May 15, 2009. Gold Fields has the option to repay the Absa 2 Facility in whole or in part by giving 5 days prior notice.
During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields utilized and repaid the full amount of the Absa 2 Facility. Subsequent to year end Rand 1,000 million was drawn down on the ABSA 2 Facility and remains outstanding on the date of this annual report.
Mvela Loan
On March 17, 2004, as part of the transaction involving the acquisition by Mvela Resources of a 15% beneficial interest in the South African gold mining assets of Gold Fields, Mvela Gold advanced Rand 4,139 million, or the Mvela Loan, to GFIMSA. The Mvela Loan has a term of five years, bears interest at a rate of 10.57% per annum and is guaranteed by Gold Fields, Gold Fields Australia and Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited. GFIMSA may elect to repay the Mvela Loan (together with the present value of the then outstanding interest payment obligations and the tax payable by Mvela Gold as a result of such repayment) at any time starting 12 months after the Mvela Loan was advanced. While the Mvela Loan is outstanding, Gold Fields and any of its material subsidiaries, which is defined as any subsidiary whose gross turnover in the most recently ended financial year represents more than 5% of the consolidated gross turnover of Gold Fields and its subsidiaries may not, subject to certain exceptions, (i) sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any assets, (ii) enter into any merger or similar transaction, or (iii) encumber its assets. The Mvela Loan will become immediately due and payable upon the occurrence of an event of default. See OverviewMvelaphanda Transaction.
The Mvela Loan was funded by way of commercial bank debt of approximately Rand 1,300 million and mezzanine finance of approximately Rand 1,100 million, with the balance of approximately Rand 1,700 million being raised by way of an international private placement of shares of Mvela Resources. In connection with the mezzanine finance, Gold Fields subscribed for preference shares in an amount of Rand 200 million in Micawber. Further, Gold Fields subscribed for Rand 100 million of the shares issued by Mvela Resources in the private placement. In addition, pursuant to the PIC Agreement, Gold Fields has effectively guaranteed the PIC Loan. Interest on the PIC loan accrues at the rate of 14.25%, is compounded semi-annually and is payable in one lump sum at the end of the term of the loan. Under the terms of the PIC Agreement, the PIC has the right to require Gold Fields to assume all its rights and obligations under the PIC Loan, together with its underlying security, which consists of the PICs proportionate share of Mvela Golds rights under the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement and a guarantee of Rand 200 million from Mvela Resources, at a price equal to the value of
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the principal and interest of the PIC Loan, if, at the time the PIC Loan is due for repayment, Micawber does not repay the loan in full. Whether or not the PIC requires Gold Fields to assume its rights and obligations under the PIC loan, the PIC is obligated to pay a guarantee fee to Gold Fields equal to 3.75% per annum of the value of the principal and interest payable under the PIC Loan on the date on which the PIC Loan is repaid to the PIC.
GFIMSA applied the net proceeds of the Mvela Loan of $586.7 million (R4,139 million less R32 million of costs at an exchange rate of R7.00 to $1.00) toward funding its acquisition of Gold Fields South African mining operations and certain ancillary assets and operations as part of an internal restructuring of Gold Fields. In connection with the Mvela Loan, GFIMSA entered into two interest rate swaps, both of which were designated as fair value hedges and which were accounted for as a single swap. The fixed rate receivable on the interest rate swap was equal to the interest rate payable on the loan from Mvela Gold and the floating rate payable was the three-month JIBAR plus a margin of 1.025%. The interest rate swap was closed out on June 3, 2005 with the loan reverting to the fixed interest rate mentioned above. Gold Fields realized mark-to-market gains on the swap of $36.2 million and interest rate credits of $14.8 million, giving a total gain of $51.0 million. Of the $36.2 million realized mark-to-market gain, $0.8 million was accounted for in fiscal 2005 and $9.2 million in fiscal 2006, $8.2 million was recognized in fiscal 2007 and $8.1 million was recognized in fiscal 2008 with the balance of $9.9 million to be accounted for in fiscal 2009. Of the $14.8 million interest credits, $12.9 million was accounted for in fiscal 2005 and the balance of $1.9 million was accounted for in fiscal 2004. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskInterest Rate SensitivityInterest Rate Hedging Experience.
Preference shares
On December 24, 2007, Gold Fields Limited issued R1,200 million ($172.0 million at the exchange rate in effect on the date of issuance) of non-convertible redeemable preference shares, or the Preference Shares, to Rand Merchant Bank . The dividend rate payable is a floating rate that increases from 22% up to 61% of the prime lending rate quoted by FirstRand Bank Limited, or the Prime Rate, over the life of the Preference Shares. In certain circumstances, the dividend rate increases up to 61% of the Prime Rate in the event the Preference Shares are redeemed before their scheduled maturity date and the dividend rate is also subject to adjustment in the case of a change in law or regulation. Dividends accrue quarterly and are rolled up until the redemption date. The Preference Shares can be redeemed by the Company in the event the dividend rate is adjusted according to the terms of the Preference Shares, or at any time on 14 days notice. The proceeds of the issuance of the Preference Shares were used to refinance a portion of the Split-tenor Facility. The Preference Shares mature on January 24, 2011 and payment in full of all dividends redemption amounts, costs and expenses that may become payable in respect of the Preference Shares has been guaranteed by GFIMSA, Orogen, Gold Fields Operations and Gold Fields Holdings. On October 10, 2008, R600 million of the R1,200 million preference shares was repaid with an attributable dividend of R23.2 million ($63.5 million capital and $2.5 million dividend at the exchange rate in effect on that date).
Living Gold Facility
On May 28, 2004, Living Gold (Pty) Limited, or Living Gold, a subsidiary of GFIMSA, entered into a R16.6 million ($2.5 million at an exchange rate of R6.5150, the noon buying rate on May 28, 2004) loan facility with the Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa, or the IDC. On November 24, 2004, Living Gold drew down the full amount of the facility. On July 1, 2006, the IDC converted R8.1 million ($1.1 million) of the outstanding loan to equity. The remaining R8.8 million ($1.1 million) owing to the IDC is in the process of being converted to equity.
Capital expenditure
Capital expenditure was $1,154.4 million in fiscal 2008, compared to $797.0 million in fiscal 2007, See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCash ResourcesInvesting. Gold Fields expects to incur approximately Rand 7,290.0 million ($985.1 million) in capital expenditure in fiscal 2009, which it expects to finance from internal sources and, to the extent required, credit facilities. Details regarding the specific capital expenditure for
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each operation are found in the individual operation sections under Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining Operations.
Contractual obligations and commitments as at June 30, 2008
Payments due by period | ||||||||||
Total | Less than 12 months |
12-36 months |
36-60 months |
After 60 months | ||||||
($ millions) | ||||||||||
Long-term debt |
||||||||||
Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited(1) |
||||||||||
Capital |
522.9 | 522.9 | | | | |||||
Interest |
2.2 | 2.2 | | | | |||||
Split-tenor |
||||||||||
Capital |
512.0 | 250.0 | | 262.0 | | |||||
Interest |
34.7 | 13.5 | 14.6 | 6.6 | | |||||
Project Finance |
||||||||||
Capital |
150.0 | | 37.5 | 37.5 | 75.0 | |||||
Interest |
26.6 | 4.5 | 9.6 | 7.0 | 5.5 | |||||
Preference shares |
||||||||||
Capital |
150.0 | | 150.0 | | | |||||
Interest |
49.9 | | 49.9 | | | |||||
Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Limited(2) |
||||||||||
Capital |
1.1 | | 1.1 | | | |||||
Operating lease obligationsbuilding |
2.7 | 1.1 | 1.6 | | | |||||
Other long-term obligations |
||||||||||
Post-retirement healthcare(3) |
7.9 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 6.2 | |||||
Environmental obligations(4) |
216.2 | 3.7 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 197.7 | |||||
Total contractual obligations |
1,676.2 | 798.2 | 272.4 | 321.2 | 284.4 |
Notes:
(1) | On March 17, 2004, Mvelaphanda Gold advanced an amount of $591.3 million to GFIMSA. The loan amount is repayable five years from the date of advance and interest is payable semi-annually. Pursuant to the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement, upon repayment of the Mvela Loan, Mvela Gold must subscribe for shares equal to 15% of GFIMSAs outstanding share capital, including the newly issued shares. In addition, for a period of one year after the subscription by Mvela Gold of the GFIMSA shares, each of Gold Fields and Mvela Gold will be entitled to require the exchange of Mvela Golds GFIMSA shares for 50,000,000 ordinary shares of Gold Fields. See OverviewGeneralMvelaphanda Transaction. |
(2) | On May 28, 2004 Living Gold entered into an agreement with the Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Limited in terms of which it would provide a $2.5 million loan facility to Living Gold (Pty) Limited. |
(3) | Gold Fields provision for post-retirement healthcare obligations increases annually based on the expected increases in the level of individual contributions in order to settle its obligations to its former employees, set off by payments made on behalf of certain pensioners and dependants of former employees on a pay-as-you-go basis. |
(4) | Gold Fields makes full provision for all environmental obligations based on the net present value of the estimated cost of restoring the environmental disturbance that has occurred up to the balance sheet date. This provision increases annually based on expected inflation. Management believes that the provisions made for environmental obligations are adequate to direct the expected volume of such obligations. See Significant Accounting PoliciesEnvironmental rehabilitation costs. |
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Amounts of commitments expiring by period | ||||||||||
Total | Less 12 months |
12-36 months |
36-60 months |
After 60 months | ||||||
($ millions) | ||||||||||
Other commercial commitments |
||||||||||
Guarantees(1) |
37.3 | 37.3 | | | | |||||
Capital expenditure(2) |
167.5 | 167.5 | | | | |||||
Funding commitments(3) |
2.3 | 2.3 | | | | |||||
Total commercial commitments |
207.1 | 207.1 | | | |
Notes:
(1) | Guarantees consist of $33.9 million to the Public Investment Commissioners with regard to the Mvela Loan and $3.4 million for numerous other obligations. Guarantees consisting of $27.1 million committed to guarantee Gold Fields environmental obligations with respect to its Ghanaian and Australian operations are fully provided for under the provision for environmental rehabilitation and are not included in the amount above. |
(2) | Capital expenditure consists only of amounts committed to external suppliers, although as of June 30, 2008 an amount of $2,091.4 million in respect of capital expenditure had been approved by Gold Fields Board. |
(3) | Funding commitments consist of a $2.3 million commitment to the New Africa Mining Fund, or NAMF. NAMF is a private equity fund incorporated in South Africa for the purpose of investing in junior mining opportunities in South Africa and the broader Africa continent. Gold Fields has committed R50 million ($6.3 million) of which $4.0 million had been funded as of June 30, 2008. |
Working capital
Management believes that Gold Fields working capital resources, by way of internal sources and banking facilities, are sufficient to fund Gold Fields currently foreseeable future business requirements.
Off balance sheet items
At June 30, 2008, Gold Fields had no off balance sheet items.
Recent Developments
Randgold & Exploration summons
On August 21, 2008, Gold Fields Operations received a summons from Randgold and Exploration Company Limited, or R&E, and African Strategic Investment (Holdings) Limited. The summons claims that during the period that Gold Fields Operations was under the control of Brett Kebble, Roger Kebble and others, Gold Fields Operations was allegedly part of a scam whereby JCI Limited unlawfully disposed of shares owned by R&E in Randgold Resources Limited, or Resources, and Afrikander Lease Limited, now Uranium One.
Gold Fields Operationss preliminary assessment is that it has strong defenses to these claims and accordingly, Gold Fields Operationss attorneys have been instructed to vigorously defend the claims.
The claims have been computed in various ways. The highest claims have been computed on the basis of the highest prices of Resources and Uranium One between the dates of the alleged thefts and March 2008 (approximately Rand 11 billion). The alternative claims have been computed on the basis of the actual amounts allegedly received by Gold Fields Operations to fund its operations (approximately Rand 519 million).
It should be noted that the claims lie only against Gold Fields Operations, whose only interest is a 50% stake in the South Deep Mine. This alleged liability is historic and relates to a period of time prior to GFIMSA purchasing the company.
Reversion of Arctic Platinum Project to Gold Fields
On September 10, 2008 Gold Fields announced that the Arctic Platinum Project in Finland, or APP, had reverted to Gold Fields after North American Palladium Limited, or NAP, a Canadian platinum metals group producer, had declined to follow its rights in terms of a Letter of Intent entered into between the parties and
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announced on October 18, 2005 and an Acquisition and Framework Agreement subsequently entered into between the parties. In terms of the agreement Gold Fields and NAP formed a joint venture to further explore mining properties and possibly develop a mine at Gold Fields Arctic Platinum Project, located approximately 60 kilometers south of the city of Rovaniemi in northern Finland. Gold Fields also granted an option to NAP to acquire up to a 60% undivided interest in the Project. NAPs option to acquire its interest in APP was subject to NAP undertaking approved expenditure on the Project of approximately U.S.$12.5 million, and making a decision to develop a mine at the property, prior to the expiry of the option period on August 31, 2008.
During the option period NAP was the operator of the project. NAP has informed Gold Fields that it will not follow its rights in terms of the agreement and therefore the option has expired and the agreement has been terminated. With effect from September 1, 2008, Gold Fields has therefore again taken full control and management of APP and will explore ways in which to realize value for its shareholders from this asset.
Sale of Biox®
On October 2, 2008, Gold Fields entered into an agreement with Bateman Engineering N.V., or Bateman Engineering, to sell its Biox® Technology Business to Bateman Engineering for a net cash consideration of U.S.$8.8 million. The Biox® business is the owner of a proprietary and patented technology, known as the Biox® process, which is used for the pretreatment of refractory ores and concentrates prior to gold recovery through conventional cyanide leaching techniques. Included in the sale is a second technology called ASTER (Activated Sludge Tailings Effluent Remediation), currently in development, for the efficient removal of thiocyanate and cyanide from leach solutions. Gold Fields chose to dispose of this business as it does not form part of its core business activities. The transaction is conditional, among other things, upon the approval of the South African Reserve bank.
Decline in Value of Investment in Rusoro
As part of the proceeds on disposal of its assets in Venezuela on November 30, 2007, Gold Fields received 140 million shares in Rusoro, a junior gold producer listed on the TSX Venture Exchange. Gold Fields accounts for its 36% investment under the equity method and, due to the decrease in market value of the investment since acquisition, also recorded an impairment of $61.3 million on June 30, 2008. See Results of OperationsYear ended June 30, 2008 and 2007Impairment of Investment in Equity Investee. Subsequent to year-end, the market value of the investment in Rusoro continued to decline, and amounted to $36.2 million on November 14, 2008. This represents a further decrease of $129.5 million in the market value of the investment.
Trend and Outlook
During the first quarter of fiscal 2009, Gold Fields operating profit and net earnings were lower than those achieved in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008. The lower operating profit and net earnings were primarily due to the slightly lower production, increased production costs and the lower gold price. The decrease in production at the South African operations was attributable to the rehabilitation programs undertaken at South Deep, Driefontein and Kloof. At the international operations, decreases in production in Ghana and, to a lesser extent in Australia, were offset in part by the commencement of production at Cerro Corona. Increased production costs at the South African operations were driven largely by the annual wage increase and increased power costs. At the international operations, increased production costs were driven largely by increased power, fuel, explosives and cyanide costs in Ghana and in Australia, the St. Ives net smelter royalty and increased underground mining costs due to higher underground volumes. The average gold price Gold Fields achieved during the quarter was $874 per ounce, compared to $895 in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.
Gold production is expected to increase slightly at Gold Fields operations in the second quarter of fiscal 2009 compared with the first quarter. Operating margins are expected to remain fairly constant. Management believes that Gold Fields remains on target to achieve its short-term priorities. See Information on the CompanyStrategyStrategic ReviewShort-term Priorities.
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ITEM 6: DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
Gold Fields directors and their ages and positions are:
Name |
Age | Position |
Term Expires(1) | |||
Alan J. Wright |
67 | Non-executive Chairman | November 2011 | |||
Nicholas J. Holland |
50 | Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer | November 2009 | |||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea |
60 | Non-executive Director | November 2010 | |||
Chris I. von Christierson |
61 | Non-executive Director | November 2011 | |||
Kofi Ansah |
64 | Non-executive Director | November 2010 | |||
John G. Hopwood |
60 | Non-executive Director | November 2009 | |||
Donald M. J. Ncube |
61 | Non-executive Director | November 2009 | |||
Gill Marcus |
59 | Non-executive Director | November 2010 | |||
David N. Murray(2) |
63 | Non-executive Director | November 2011 | |||
Gayle M. Wilson(3) |
63 | Non-executive Director | November 2011 | |||
Richard P. Menell(4) |
53 | Non-executive Director | November 2009 |
Notes:
(1) | Terms expire on the date of the annual general meeting in that year. |
(2) | David N. Murray joined the Board on January 1, 2008 as a non-executive director. |
(3) | Gayle M. Wilson joined the Board on August 1, 2008 as a non-executive director. |
(4) | Richard P. Menell joined the Board on October 8, 2008 as a non-executive director. |
Artem Grigorian and Tokyo M.G. Sexwale did not make themselves available for re-election as directors at Gold Fields annual general meeting on November 2, 2007. Ian Cockerill resigned as a director and chief executive officer with effect from April 30, 2008. Michael McMahon and Patrick Ryan resigned as non-executive directors with effect June 30, 2008. Terence P. Goodlace joined the Board on May 1, 2008 as an executive director and chief operating officer, and subsequently resigned with effect from October 15, 2008.
Directors and Executive Officers
The Articles of Association of Gold Fields provide that the Board must consist of no less than four and no more than 15 directors at any time. The Board currently consists of 1 executive director and 10 non-executive directors, the majority of whom are independent.
The Articles of Association of Gold Fields provide that the longest serving one-third of directors must retire from office at each annual general meeting of Gold Fields. Retiring directors normally make themselves available for re-election and are re-elected at the annual general meeting at which they retire. Executive directors may be appointed as directors by contract with Gold Fields for a maximum period of five years at any one time and are subject to retirement by rotation. The number of directors serving under these contracts must at all times be less than one-half of the total number of directors in office. Gold Fields current executive director is appointed to his position as director by contract.
According to the Articles of Association, the Board may meet as it sees fit and set its own policies for adjourning and otherwise regulating meetings. Any director may call for a meeting at any time by requesting the company secretary to convene a meeting. The Articles of Association further provide for the following:
| no director may vote on any contract or arrangement in which the director is interested. If the director votes on a transaction in which the director is interested, the directors vote will not be counted. An interested director, with certain exceptions, will not be counted for the purpose of determining a |
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quorum for a meeting in which the Board is voting on a resolution in which the director is interested. However, a director who owns ordinary shares may vote his ordinary shares at a general meeting of shareholders in a transaction in which the director is interested; |
| a director may not vote as a director to determine his own compensation. The shareholders in a general meeting determine the fees for directors from time to time. Any additional compensation, including compensation for additional services performed by the director for Gold Fields business or for other positions in Gold Fields or its subsidiaries, must be determined by a quorum of directors whose compensation would not be affected by the decision; and |
| the directors are not required to hold shares in Gold Fields, although a shareholding qualification may be imposed at any meeting of the shareholders. |
The Articles of Association do not provide for a mandatory retirement age for directors. However, Gold Fields Board charter specifies the retirement age to be 72 years of age.
At the Companys annual general meeting held on November 2, 2007, shareholders approved the creation of 1,000 non-convertible redeemable preference shares of Rand 0.01 each. The inclusion of the rights and privileges attached to the non-convertible redeemable preference shares in the Articles of Association was approved at the same meeting and subsequently registered with the Registrar of Companies.
Some of the executive officers and all of the executive directors are members of the boards of directors of various subsidiaries of Gold Fields.
Under Section 303A.11 of the New York Stock Exchange Company Manual, or the NYSE Listing Standards, foreign private issuers such as Gold Fields must disclose any significant ways in which their corporate governance practices differ from those followed by U.S. listed companies under the NYSE Listing Standards. Disclosure of the significant ways in which Gold Fields corporate governance practices differ from practices followed by U.S. companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange can be found at: http://www.goldfields.co.za/pdfs/disclosure_of_significant_ways_2008.pdf.
The business address of all the directors and executive officers of Gold Fields is 24 St. Andrews Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa, the address of Gold Fields head office.
Nicholas J. Holland BComm, BAcc, Witwatersrand; CA (SA). Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Holland has been an Executive Director of Gold Fields since April 14, 1998 and became Chief Executive Officer on May 1, 2008. He served as Executive Director of Finance from April 1998. On April 15, 2002, his title changed to Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Holland has 28 years experience in financial management. Prior to joining Gold Fields he was Financial Director and Senior Manager of Corporate Finance of Gencor Limited.
Alan J. Wright CA (SA). Chairman of the Board of Directors. Mr. Wright was appointed non-executive Chairman of the Board on November 17, 2005. Prior to that, Mr. Wright had been Deputy Chairman of Gold Fields since November 1997. Prior to September 1998, Mr. Wright was the Chief Executive Officer of Gold Fields of South Africa Limited. Mr. Wright holds no other directorships.
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea BA, Trinity College, Dublin; MA, University of Manchester. Non-executive Director. Mr. Pennant-Rea has been a Director of Gold Fields since July 1, 2002. He is Chairman of Henderson Group plc and is a Director of First Quantum Minerals Ltd., Go-Ahead Group, Times Newspapers Limited and a number of other companies. Previously, Mr. Pennant-Rea was editor of The Economist and Deputy Governor of the Bank of England.
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Chris I. von Christierson BComm, Rhodes; MA, Cambridge. Non-executive Director. Mr. von Christierson has been a Director of Gold Fields since May 10, 1999. As a result of the takeover by Lundin Mining, he stepped down as the Chairman of Rio Narcea Gold Mines Limited on July 18, 2007. He is currently a Director of Southern Prospecting (UK) Limited and Transdek (UK) Limited.
Kofi Ansah BSc (Mechanical Engineering) UST Ghana, MSc (Metallurgy) Georgia Institute of Technology, U.S.A. Non-executive Director. Mr. Ansah was appointed a Director of Gold Fields on April 2, 2004. He is a Director of Ecobank (Ghana) Limited and Aluworks Limited.
John G. Hopwood B.Comm (Natal) CA (SA). Non-executive Director. Mr. Hopwood was appointed a Director of Gold Fields on February 15, 2006. Previous experience includes being a Director and head of the Mergers and Acquisitions division at Ernst & Young Corporate Finance and he was an Executive Director of Gold Fields of South Africa Limited from January 1992 to September 1998. Mr. Hopwood is a member of the Board of Trustees of the New Africa Mining Fund and Chairman of the Funds Investment Committee and a non-executive director of Pan African Resources Plc.
Donald M. J. Ncube BA Economics and Political Science, Fort Hare University, Post Graduate Diploma in Labor Relations, Strathclyde University, Scotland, MSc Manpower Studies, University of Manchester, Diploma in Financial Management. Non-executive Director. Mr. Ncube was appointed a Director of Gold Fields on February 15, 2006. Previously, he was an alternate Director of Anglo American Industrial Corporation Limited and Anglo American Corporation of South Africa Limited, a Director of AngloGold Ashanti Limited as well as Non-Executive Chairman of South African Airways. He is currently Chairman of Rare Holdings Limited, Chairman of Badimo Gas, Executive Chairman of Cincinnati Mining S.A. and a Director of Manhattan Operations Douglas, and he serves on the boards of various other companies.
Gill Marcus BComm, University of South Africa (UNISA). Non-executive Director. Prof. Marcus was appointed a Director of Gold Fields on February 14, 2007. She served as a member of the ANC National Executive Committee from 1991 to 1999 and Member of Parliament from 1994 to 1999. Prof. Marcus served as Deputy Minister of Finance from 1996 to 1999. She served as Deputy Governor of the South African Reserve Bank from 1999 to 2004. Since 2004, she has been Professor of Policy, Leadership and Gender Studies at the Gordon Institute of Business Science. From November 2005 to March 2007, Prof. Marcus was Executive Chairperson of Western Areas Limited. In 2007, she was appointed as non-executive Chairperson of Absa Group Limited. Prof. Marcus also serves in a non-executive capacity on the boards of the International Marketing Council, the Advisory Board of the Auditor General and the Independent Regulatory Board for Auditors.
David N. Murray OBE BA Hons Econ; MBA (UCT) Mr. Murray joined the Board on January 1, 2008. He has more than 35 years experience in the mining industry and has been Chief Executive Officer of Rio Tinto Portugal, Rio Tinto Brazil, TVX Gold INC, Avgold Limited and Avmin Limited. He is a non-executive director of Ivernia, Inc.
Gayle M. Wilson, BComm, BCompt (Hons), CA (SA) (UNISA). Non-executive Director. Mrs. Wilson was appointed a director on August 1, 2008. She was previously an audit partner at Ernst & Young for 16 years where her main focus was on mining clients. In 1998 she was involved in AngloGolds listing on the NYSE and in 2001 she took over as the lead partner on the global audit. Other mining clients during her career include Northam, Aquarius, Anglovaal Mining Limited (now African Rainbow Minerals Limited) and certain Anglo Platinum operations. She is a non-executive director of Witwatersrand Consolidated Gold Resources Limited.
Richard P. Menell BA (Honors), MA, Trinity College, Cambridge; M.Sc. Stanford University. Non-executive Director. Mr. Menell has been a Director of Gold Fields since October 8, 2008. He has over 20 years experience in the mining industry. Mr. Menell was President and Chief Executive Officer of TEAL Exploration & Mining Inc. until May 1, 2008 and Chairman of Avgold Limited until May 2004. He had previously been President of the Chamber of Mines of South Africa and a member of its Executive Council. Mr. Menell was Deputy Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Anglovaal Mining Limited (now African Rainbow Minerals Limited) from 1996 to 2004. Mr. Menell is Chairman of Bateman Engineering BV,
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Palaeontological Scientific Trust and Co-Chair of City Year South Africa. He is a Director of Standard Bank of South Africa, Standard Bank Group Limited, Mutual & Federal Insurance Company Limited, National Business Trust and the National Business Initiative.
Retired Executive Directors
Ian D. Cockerill (54), BSc Geology Hons, London; MSc Mining, Royal School of Mines. Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Cockerill was a Director of Gold Fields from October 1999 until April 30, 2008. He served as Chief Executive Officer from July 1, 2002 until April 30, 2008. Mr. Cockerill was Chief Operating Officer and Managing Director of Gold Fields from October 1999 to June 30, 2002. Mr. Cockerill has over 32 years experience in the mining industry. Prior to joining Gold Fields he was the Executive Officer for Business Development and African International Operations for AngloGold Ashanti Limited. Mr. Cockerill was appointed as Non-executive Director of Petmin Limited effective from October 1, 2007. On April 30, 2008, Mr. Cockerill resigned as a director and his employment ceased on May 31, 2008.
Terence P. Goodlace (49), National Higher Diploma Metalliferous Mining: BCom (UNISA); MBA, Wales. Mr Goodlace joined the board on May 1, 2008 when he was appointed Chief Operating Officer. Prior to this appointment, he was Executive Vice President and Head of South African Operations, Executive Vice President and Head of International Operations, Senior Vice PresidentStrategic Planning, Senior Manager for Corporate Finance for Gold Fields and Manager at various Gencor Limited mines. He has more than 26 years experience in the mining industry. Mr Goodlace resigned as a director of the company effective October 15, 2008.
Retired Non-executive Directors
The following former directors retired at Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 2, 2007.
Tokyo M. G. Sexwale Certificate of Business Studies, University of Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. Mr. Sexwale was a Director of Gold Fields since January 2001. Mr. Sexwale is Executive Chairman of Mvelaphanda Holdings (Proprietary) Limited and an Executive Director of Mvelaphanda Resources Limited. Mr Sexwale is the Chairman of OPHIR Energy Company (Pty) Limited and A1 Grand Prix SA (Pty) Limited and a director of a number of other companies. Mr. Sexwale is also Chairman of Global Village Network Technologies (Proprietary) Limited and Chairman of Trans Hex Group Limited. In addition, Mr. Sexwale is a Director of several of Mvelaphanda Holdings (Proprietary) Limiteds subsidiaries, Absa Bank Limited, Northam Platinum Limited, The Rand Mutual Assurance Company Limited, Arcus Gibb (Proprietary) Limited, Absa Group Limited, African Maritime Logistics (Proprietary) Limited, Dunrose Investments 29 (Proprietary) Limited, Gem Diamond Mining Corporation Limited, Global Village Network (Proprietary) Limited, Kas Maine Mining (Proprietary) Limited, Mvelamasefield (Proprietary) Limited, Mocoh Services South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, Power Matla (Proprietary) Limited, RMA Life Assurance Company Limited, Tepco Petroleum (Proprietary) Limited, Ecobank (Ghana) Limited and Voltex Holdings Limited.
Artem Grigorian PhD Political Science and History, USSR Academy of Science. Dr. Grigorian was appointed a Director in June 2005. He is Vice President and shareholder of Russian Spectra Group of Companies and Chief Executive Officer of RMC, a Russian company.
The following directors resigned on June 30, 2008.
J. Michael McMahon BSc (Mechanical Engineering), Glasgow. Mr. McMahon was a Director of Gold Fields since December 1999. Mr. McMahon serves as Non-executive Director of Impala Platinum Holdings Limited and Murray & Roberts Holdings Limited. Previously, Mr. McMahon was Executive Chairman and an Executive Director of Gencor Limited and Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Impala Platinum Holdings Limited.
Patrick J. Ryan PhD (Geology), Witwatersrand. Dr. Ryan was a Director of Gold Fields since May 1998. Dr. Ryan is the Chairman of Frontera Copper Corporation. Dr. Ryan was also previously the Executive Vice President, Mining Operations, Development and Exploration at Phelps Dodge Corporation.
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James W. D. Dowsley (50), BSc (Mining Engineering), Witwatersrand. Senior Vice President, Corporate Development. Mr. Dowsley has been General Manager of Corporate Development at Gold Fields since March 1998. On April 15, 2002, Mr. Dowsleys title changed to Senior Vice President, Corporate Development. Prior to his appointment as General Manager of Corporate Development, Mr. Dowsley served as General Manager of New Business, and also as Manager of the Mineral Economics Division of Gold Fields of South Africa Limited.
Jan W. Jacobsz (47), BA, Rand Afrikaans University. Senior Vice President, North American Investor Relations and Sustainable Development. Mr. Jacobsz was appointed as Senior Vice President, North American Investor Relations and Sustainable Development in July 2007. Previously, Mr. Jacobsz held the position of Senior Vice President and Head of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs as well as that of Manager and Senior Manager of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs of Gold Fields. Prior to that Mr. Jacobsz was Program Manager of the Vulindlela Transformation Program for Gold Fields of South Africa Limited and Administrator of The Gold Fields Foundation.
Michael D. Fleischer (47), BProc, University of Witwatersrand, Admitted as attorney of the High Court of South Africa in 1991, Advanced Taxation Certificate, University of South Africa. Executive Vice President, General Counsel. Mr. Fleischer was appointed to his current position of Executive Vice President General Counsel, with effect from November 1, 2006. Prior to his appointment, Mr. Fleischer was a partner in the corporate services department at Webber Wentzel Bowens, one of the leading South African law firms. Mr. Fleischer has a wide range of experience in mergers and acquisitions, commercial transactions and black empowerment transactions. He was ranked as one of South Africas leading commercial lawyers by Chambers Global.
Glenn R. Baldwin (36), BEng (Hons) Mining, University of South Australia. Executive Vice President, Head of International Operations. Mr. Baldwin was appointed Executive Vice President, Head of International Operations in April 2007. Prior to his appointment at Gold Fields, Mr. Baldwin was the Chief Operating Officer at Ivanhoe Nickel & Platinum Ltd. After finishing his degree, Mr. Baldwin spent seven years in Australia in operational mining activities in various capacities (technical and managerial). In South Africa, he previously served as Vice President of Operations for Southern Platinum Limited and in various roles within the Anglo American Group.
Italia Boninelli (52), MA Witwatersrand; PDLR (UNISA) SBL. Senior Vice President, Head of Human Resources. Mrs. Boninelli was appointed to the position of Senior Vice President, Human Resources of Gold Fields on January 8, 2007. She is also the Chairperson of the Gold Fields Business and Leadership Academy. Prior to that, she was group human resources director of Network Healthcare Holdings Limited. She has previously held senior human resources, marketing and communications positions in Standard Bank Group Limited and Sappi Limited.
Tommy D. McKeith (44) BSc. Hons (Geology); GDE (Mining), and MBA, all from, University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa). Mr. McKeith was appointed Executive Vice President, Head of Exploration from October 1, 2007. Prior to rejoining Gold Fields in October 2007, he served as Chief Executive Officer for Troy Resources NL. From August 2004 until January 2006, he was Vice President of Business Development at Gold Fields. Before joining Troy, he worked for over 15 years with Gold Fields and its predecessors in various mine geology, exploration and business development positions. Mr. McKeith has 17 years of experience in business development, mining and exploration geology in the international mining sector. Mr. McKeith is a Non-Executive Director of Troy Resources NL.
Vishnu Pillay (51), BSc, MSc at Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Gujurat, India. Executive Vice President: South African Operations. Mr Pillay was appointed Executive Vice President: Head of South African Operations from 1 May 2008. He was formerly Senior Consultant, Mineral Resources Management and apart from a brief period with CSIR where he held the positions of Executive Director: CSIR Mining Technology and Group Executive: Institutional Planning and Operation, he has had 22 years of service with Gold Fields.
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Paul A Schmidt (41), BComm, Witwatersrand; BCompt (Hons), Unisa; CA (SA). Acting Chief Financial Officer. Mr Schmidt was appointed acting chief financial officer on May 1, 2008. Prior to this appointment, Mr Schmidt was financial controller for Gold Fields from April 1, 2003. He has more than 12 years experience in the mining industry.
Retired Executive Officers
John A. Munro (40), BSc Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town. Executive Vice President, Head of Corporate Development. Mr. Munro was appointed to his position as Executive Vice President and Head of Corporate Development on November 17, 2005. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Munro held the position of Head of International Operations. Previously, he also served as Senior Vice President and Head of International Operations, Senior Manager and General Manager of Corporate Development for Gold Fields and Assistant Manager of the Property Division of Gold Fields of South Africa Limited. Mr. Munro resigned from Gold Fields on May 1, 2008.
James T. Nkosi (57), D.Com (Leadership in Performance and Change), M.Com (Business Management), Rand Afrikaans University; Masters in Industrial and Organizational Psychology, University of Cape Town. Senior Vice President, Head of Government Relations and Transformation. On January 1, 2007, Dr. Nkosi was appointed Senior Vice President, Government Relations and Transformation. Since July 2002, Dr. Nkosi served as Vice President Human Resources, South African Operations. He was also Chairman of the Gold Fields Transformation Steering Committee. Prior to that Dr. Nkosi was an Executive Manager at Eskom for 12 years and a Transformation Director at Standard Bank for four years. Dr. Nkosi resigned from Gold Fields on February 29, 2008.
Cain Farrel (58), FCIS, MBA, Southern Cross University, Australia. Mr. Farrel was appointed Company Secretary on May 1, 2003. Mr. Farrel is past President and a Director of the Southern African Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators. Previously, Mr. Farrel served as Senior Divisional Secretary of AngloAmerican Corporation of South Africa.
Board of Directors Committees
In order to ensure good corporate governance, the Board has formed an Audit Committee, a Remuneration Committee, a Nominating and Governance Committee and a Safety, Health and Sustainable Development Committee. All the committees are comprised exclusively of non-executive Directors. All committees are chaired by an independent non-executive director. The remuneration of non-executive directors for their service on the various committees has been approved by the shareholders. The Audit Committee monitors and reviews Gold Fields accounting controls and procedures, including the effectiveness of the Groups information systems and other systems of internal control; the effectiveness of the internal audit function; reports of both external and internal auditors; quarterly reports, the annual report and the annual financial statements; the accounting policies of the Group and any proposed revisions thereto; external audit findings, reports and fees, and the approval thereof; and compliance with applicable legislation and requirements of regulatory authorities and Gold Fields Code of Ethics. Membership of the Audit Committee is as follows:
John G. Hopwood (chairman)
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea
Donald M.J. Ncube
Gayle M. Wilson
Richard P. Menell
190
The Remuneration Committee establishes the compensation philosophy of Gold Fields and the terms and conditions of employment of executive directors and other executive officers. Membership of the Remuneration Committee is as follows:
Chris I. von Christierson (chairman)
Alan J. Wright
John G. Hopwood
Donald M. J. Ncube
The Safety, Health and Sustainable Development Committee reviews adherence to occupational health, safety and environmental standards by Gold Fields. The Committee seeks to minimize mining-related accidents, to ensure that the Companys operations are in compliance with all environmental regulations and to establish policy in respect of HIV/AIDS and health matters. Membership of the Safety, Health and Sustainable Development Committee is as follows:
David N. Murray (chairman)
Kofi Ansah
Alan J. Wright
Gill Marcus
Richard P. Menell
The Nominating and Governance Committee develops and implements policy on corporate governance issues, develops the policy and process for evaluating nominations to the Board of Directors, identifies successors to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and considers selection and rotation of the Board committee members. Membership of the Nominating and Governance Committee is as follows:
Alan J. Wright (chairman)
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea
Kofi Ansah
Chris von Christierson
Gold Fields Executive Committee meets on a regular basis to discuss and make decisions on strategic and operating issues facing Gold Fields. The composition of the Executive Committee (with areas of responsibility indicated) is as follows:
Nicholas J. Holland | Chairman | |
Paul Schmidt | Acting Chief Financial OfficerFinance and Commercial Services | |
Italia Boninelli | Human Resources and Transformation | |
Jimmy W. D. Dowsley | Corporate Development | |
Tommy D. McKeith | Exploration | |
Vishnu Pillay | South African Operations | |
Jan W. Jacobsz | North American Investor Relations and Sustainable Development | |
Glenn R. Baldwin | International Operations | |
Michael D. Fleischer | General Counsel | |
Cain Farrel | Company Secretary |
191
Gold Fields Operating Committees meet on a regular basis to discuss and make decisions on high level operational issues facing Gold Fields operations. The Operating Committee was restructured in July 2006, as a result of the increased spread of operations and to cater for differing time zones.
South African Operating Committee composition:
Vishnu Pillay | Chairman of the Operating Committee and Executive Vice President and Head of South Africa Operations | |
Paddy Govender | Vice PresidentCommercial Services | |
Koos Barnard | Vice President and Head of OperationsDriefontein | |
Ramachandra Naidoo | Senior Manager FinanceSouth African Operations | |
Philip Tobias | Vice President and Head of OperationsBeatrix | |
Dana Roets | Vice President and Head of OperationsKloof | |
Stuart Allen | Vice President and Head of OperationsSouth Deep | |
Herman Engelbrecht | Financial ManagerSpecial Projects | |
Tim Rowland | Vice PresidentTechnical Services | |
Philip A. Schoeman | Vice PresidentNew Technology | |
Philip Jacobs | Sustainable Development, Safety, Health and Environment | |
Trish Beale | Assistant Company Secretary | |
Petrus C. Pienaar | Mvelaphanda Representative | |
Bernard R. van Rooyen | Mvelaphanda Representative | |
Sipho Mofokeng | Mvelaphanda Representative |
International Operating Committee composition:
Glenn Baldwin | Chairman of the Operating Committee and Executive Vice President and Head of International Operations | |
Cornelius W. Du Toit | Head of Human ResourcesInternational Operations | |
Philip Woodhouse | Head of Sustainable DevelopmentInternational Operations | |
Johan van den Berg | Head of FinanceInternational Operations | |
Peter Turner | Vice President of Ghanaian Operations | |
Juan Luis Kruger | Vice President of South American Operations | |
Alberto Reyes | Consulting Mining Engineer |
Compensation of Directors and Senior Management
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, the aggregate compensation paid or payable to directors and senior management of Gold Fields as a group was approximately Rand 51.0 million, including all salaries, fees, bonuses and contributions during such period to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for directors and senior management of Gold Fields, of which Rand 4.1 million was due to pension scheme contributions and life insurance, and Rand 11.9 million was due to bonus and performance-related payments.
192
The following table presents information regarding the compensation paid by Gold Fields for the year ended June 30, 2008 to its directors:
Board fees | Committee fees |
Travel allowance(1) |
Salary | Bonuses and performance related payments(2) |
Pension scheme contributions |
Total(3) | ||||||||
(in Rand) | ||||||||||||||
Executive Directors |
||||||||||||||
Ian D. Cockerill(4) |
| | | 4,772,326.00 | 2,430,342.00 | 707,570.00 | 7,910,239.00 | |||||||
Nicholas J. Holland |
| | | 3,898,864.00 | 1,898,242.00 | 629,929.00 | 6,427,034.00 | |||||||
Terence P. Goodlace(5) |
| | | 606,303.00 | | 106,533.00 | 712,836.00 | |||||||
Non-executive Directors |
||||||||||||||
Alan J. Wright |
1,025,000.00 | | 28,000.00 | | | | 1,053,000.00 | |||||||
Kofi Ansah |
223,575.00 | 105,091.76 | 156,452.00 | | | | 485,118.76 | |||||||
Artem Grigorian |
66,739.13 | 36,923.92 | 28,000.00 | | | | 131,663.05 | |||||||
Johan G. Hopwood |
231,700.00 | 229,550.00 | 28,000.00 | | | | 489,250.00 | |||||||
Gill Marcus |
213,559.53 | 67,825.00 | | | | | 281,384.53 | |||||||
Michael J. McMahon |
222,900.00 | 171,050.00 | 28,000.00 | | | | 421,950.00 | |||||||
David N. Murray |
130,400.00 | 32,391.76 | 100,452.00 | | | | 263,243.76 | |||||||
Donald M. J. Ncube |
214,100.00 | 140,525.00 | 28,000.00 | | | | 382,625.00 | |||||||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea |
231,700.00 | 161,300.00 | 156,452.00 | | | | 549,452.00 | |||||||
Patrick J. Ryan |
197,175.00 | 150,900.00 | 61,484.00 | | | | 409,559.00 | |||||||
Tokyo M.G. Sexwale |
50,489.13 | | | | | | 50,489.13 | |||||||
Chris I. von Christierson |
231,700.00 | 146,841.76 | 156,452.00 | | | | 534,993.76 | |||||||
Total |
3,039,037.79 | 1,242,399.20 | 771,292.00 | 9,277,493.00 | 4,328,584.00 | 1,444,032.00 | 20,102,837.99 | |||||||
Notes:
(1) | A travel allowance for the Non-executive Directors was approved at the annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005. |
(2) | Bonuses are for fiscal 2007 performance, paid in fiscal 2008. |
(3) | These amounts reflect the full Directors emoluments in Rand, for comparative purposes. The portion of Executive Directors emoluments payable offshore are paid in terms of agreements with the Companys subsidiaries for work done by such Directors offshore for offshore subsidiaries. See Executive Directors Terms of Employment. The total U.S. dollar amounts paid for fiscal 2008 were as follows: Ian D. Cockerill $226,673, Nicholas J. Holland $189,847 and Terence P. Goodlace $19,000. These amounts are included in the Rand amounts above. |
(4) | Retired from the Board in May 2008. |
(5) | Appointed to the Board in May 2008 and retired from the Board in October 2008. |
193
Share options and restricted shares outstanding and held by directors, former directors, executive officers and former executive officers as of September 30, 2008 were, to the knowledge of Gold Fields management, as follows:
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share appreciation rights (SARS) |
Restricted shares |
Option/ SARS exercise price (in Rand) |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||
Executive Directors |
||||||||||
Ian D. Cockerill |
77,000 | | | 20.90 | May 31, 2009 | |||||
50,000 | | | 46.23 | May 31, 2009 | ||||||
91,000 | | | 125.37 | May 31, 2009 | ||||||
41,200 | | | 84.17 | May 31, 2009 | ||||||
36,700 | | | 93.49 | May 31, 2009 | ||||||
37,500 | | | 83.18 | May 31, 2009 | ||||||
25,000 | | | 67.93 | May 31, 2009 | ||||||
50,000 | | | 63.65 | May 31, 2009 | ||||||
Nicholas J. Holland |
13,334 | | | 46.23 | July 5, 2009 | |||||
13,333 | | | 46.23 | March 28, 2010 | ||||||
13,333 | | | 46.23 | July 14, 2010 | ||||||
15,334 | | | 125.37 | February 4, 2010 | ||||||
7,666 | | | 125.37 | November 28, 2010 | ||||||
5,900 | | | 84.17 | October 20, 2010 | ||||||
5,900 | | | 84.17 | December 30, 2010 | ||||||
5,900 | | | 84.17 | March 17, 2010 | ||||||
5,267 | | | 93.49 | February 16, 2010 | ||||||
5,266 | | | 93.49 | March 23, 2010 | ||||||
5,267 | | | 93.49 | August 18, 2010 | ||||||
12,667 | | | 83.18 | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
6,333 | | | 83.18 | October 6, 2011 | ||||||
12,667 | | | 76.75 | October 22, 2011 | ||||||
6,333 | | | 76.75 | February 16, 2012 | ||||||
19,000 | | | 67.93 | February 25, 2012 | ||||||
38,000 | | | 63.65 | May 23, 2012 | ||||||
| 11,550 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | ||||||
| | 9,600 | | March 24, 2009 | ||||||
| 18,800 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||
| | 11,700 | | March 1, 2010 | ||||||
| 14,100 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 18,500 | | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
| 35,850 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| | 41,250 | | June 2, 2011 | ||||||
Terence P. Goodlace |
3,167 | | | 154.65 | December 27, 2009 | |||||
3,167 | | | 154.65 | January 4, 2010 | ||||||
3,166 | | | 154.65 | October 20, 2010 | ||||||
2,200 | | | 84.17 | March 17, 2010 | ||||||
2,200 | | | 84.17 | October 20, 2010 | ||||||
2,200 | | | 84.17 | December 30, 2010 | ||||||
1,967 | | | 93.49 | August 18, 2010 | ||||||
1,967 | | | 93.49 | February 16, 2011 | ||||||
1,966 | | | 93.49 | March 23, 2011 |
194
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share appreciation rights (SARS) |
Restricted shares |
Option/ SARS exercise price (in Rand) |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||
5,000 | | | 83.18 | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
2,500 | | | 83.18 | October 6, 2011 | ||||||
5,000 | | | 76.75 | October 22, 2011 | ||||||
2,500 | | | 76.75 | February 16, 2012 | ||||||
7,500 | | | 67.93 | February 25, 2012 | ||||||
15,000 | | | 63.65 | May 23, 2012 | ||||||
30,000 | | | 111.66 | January 3, 2013 | ||||||
| 9,075 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | ||||||
| | 6,800 | | March 24, 2009 | ||||||
| 8,300 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||
| | 9,400 | | March 1, 2010 | ||||||
| 15,900 | | 107.59 | March 1, 2014 | ||||||
| | 12,800 | | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
| 21,150 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| | 27,750 | | June 2, 2011 | ||||||
Non-executive Directors |
||||||||||
Alan J. Wright |
25,000 | | | 43.70 | December 16, 2008 | |||||
10,000 | | | 110.03 | July 13, 2009 | ||||||
10,000 | | | 88.38 | March, 28 2010 | ||||||
10,000 | | | 68.59 | September 23, 2010 | ||||||
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | ||||||
| | 2,800 | | November 10, 2009 | ||||||
| | 4,100 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
J. Michael McMahon |
10,000 | | | 110.03 | July 13, 2009 | |||||
10,000 | | | 88.38 | March 28, 2010 | ||||||
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | ||||||
| | 1,900 | | November 10, 2009 | ||||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
Gordon R. Parker |
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | |||||
Jakes G Gerwel |
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | |||||
| | 1,200 | | November 10, 2009 | ||||||
Patrick J. Ryan |
10,000 | | | 110.03 | July 13, 2009 | |||||
10,000 | | | 88.38 | March 28, 2010 | ||||||
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | ||||||
| | 1,900 | | November 10, 2009 | ||||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
Tokyo M. G. Sexwale |
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | |||||
| | 1,900 | | November 10, 2009 | ||||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
Bernard R. van Rooyen |
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | |||||
Chris I. von Christierson |
10,000 | | | 110.03 | July 13, 2009 | |||||
10,000 | | | 88.38 | March 28, 2010 | ||||||
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | ||||||
| | 1,900 | | November 10, 2009 | ||||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 |
195
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share appreciation rights (SARS) |
Restricted shares |
Option/ SARS exercise price (in Rand) |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rea |
5,000 | | | 110.03 | July 13, 2009 | |||||
10,000 | | | 88.38 | March 28, 2010 | ||||||
10,000 | | | 68.59 | September 23, 2010 | ||||||
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | ||||||
| | 1,900 | | November 10, 2009 | ||||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
Kofi Ansah |
6,700 | | | 68.59 | September 23, 2010 | |||||
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | ||||||
| | 1,900 | | November 10, 2009 | ||||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
Christopher M. T. Thompson |
| | 3,000 | | November 11, 2008 | |||||
Donald M. J. Ncube |
| | 800 | | November 10, 2009 | |||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
John G. Hopwood |
| | 800 | | November 10, 2009 | |||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
Artem Grigorian |
| | 1,900 | | November 10, 2009 | |||||
| | 2,700 | | November 2, 2010 | ||||||
Gill Marcus |
| | 1,200 | | November 2, 2010 | |||||
Executive Officers |
||||||||||
James W. D. Dowsley |
7,334 | | | 46.23 | July 5, 2009 | |||||
7,333 | | | 46.23 | March 28, 2010 | ||||||
33 | | | 46.23 | July 14, 2010 | ||||||
2,567 | | | 84.17 | March 17, 2010 | ||||||
2,567 | | | 84.17 | October 20, 2010 | ||||||
2,566 | | | 84.17 | December 30, 2010 | ||||||
2,300 | | | 93.49 | August 18, 2010 | ||||||
2,300 | | | 93.49 | February 16, 2011 | ||||||
2,300 | | | 93.49 | March 23, 2011 | ||||||
5,000 | | | 83.18 | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
2,500 | | | 83.18 | October 6, 2011 | ||||||
5,000 | | | 76.75 | October 22, 2011 | ||||||
2,500 | | | 76.75 | January 26, 2012 | ||||||
7,500 | | | 67.93 | February 25, 2012 | ||||||
15,000 | | | 63.65 | May 23, 2012 | ||||||
| 5,925 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | ||||||
| | 4,100 | | March 24, 2009 | ||||||
| 5,500 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||
| | 5,700 | | March 1, 2010 | ||||||
| 12,750 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 9,300 | | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
| 12,750 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| | 13,950 | | June 2, 2011 | ||||||
Nerina Bodasing |
866 | | | 68.40 | December 30, 2008 | |||||
866 | | | 63.65 | December 30, 2008 |
196
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share appreciation rights (SARS) |
Restricted shares |
Option/ SARS exercise price (in Rand) |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||
Italia Boninelli |
| 11,000 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | |||||
| | 11,300 | | March 1, 2010 | ||||||
| 21,250 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 18,600 | | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
| 12,750 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| | 13,950 | | June 2, 2011 | ||||||
Michael D. Fleischer |
| 11,067 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | |||||
| | 12,533 | | March 1, 2010 | ||||||
| 15,900 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 12,800 | | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
| 15,900 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| | 19,200 | | June 2, 2011 | ||||||
Jan W. Jacobsz |
4,000 | | | 46.23 | July 5, 2009 | |||||
4,000 | | | 46.23 | March 28, 2010 | ||||||
500 | | | 46.23 | July 14, 2010 | ||||||
3,967 | | | 154.65 | December 27, 2009 | ||||||
3,966 | | | 154.65 | April 2, 2010 | ||||||
3,967 | | | 154.65 | August 5, 2010 | ||||||
1,834 | | | 84.17 | March 17, 2010 | ||||||
1,833 | | | 84.17 | October 20, 2010 | ||||||
1,833 | | | 84.17 | December 30, 2010 | ||||||
1,667 | | | 93.49 | August 18, 2010 | ||||||
1,667 | | | 93.49 | February 16, 2011 | ||||||
1,666 | | | 93.49 | March 23, 2011 | ||||||
5,000 | | | 83.18 | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
2,500 | | | 83.18 | October 6, 2011 | ||||||
5,000 | | | 76.75 | October 22, 2011 | ||||||
2,500 | | | 76.75 | February 16, 2012 | ||||||
7,500 | | | 67.93 | February 25, 2012 | ||||||
15,000 | | | 63.65 | May 23, 2012 | ||||||
| 3,950 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | ||||||
| | 4,100 | | March 24, 2009 | ||||||
| 5,500 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||
| | 5,700 | | March 1, 2010 | ||||||
| 12,750 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 9,300 | | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
| 12,750 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| | 13,950 | | June 2, 2011 | ||||||
Tommy McKeith |
| 50,000 | | 121.82 | October 1, 2013 | |||||
| | 50,000 | | October 1, 2010 | ||||||
| 10,600 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 12,800 | | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
| 10,600 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| | 12,800 | | June 2, 2011 |
197
Name |
Options to purchase ordinary shares |
Share appreciation rights (SARS) |
Restricted shares |
Option/ SARS exercise price (in Rand) |
Expiration/ settlement date(1) | |||||
John A. Munro |
18,500 | | | 92.95 | April 30, 2009 | |||||
7,500 | | | 84.17 | April 30, 2009 | ||||||
34,800 | | | 93.49 | April 30, 2009 | ||||||
15,000 | | | 83.18 | April 30, 2009 | ||||||
10,000 | | | 76.75 | April 30, 2009 | ||||||
10,000 | | | 67.93 | April 30, 2009 | ||||||
10,000 | | | 63.65 | April 30, 2009 | ||||||
Glenn R. Baldwin |
| 8,000 | | 127.72 | April 2, 2013 | |||||
| | 9,100 | | April 2, 2010 | ||||||
| 10,600 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 12,800 | | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
| 10,600 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| | 12,800 | | June 2, 2011 | ||||||
James T. Nkosi |
17,600 | | | 116.85 | February 28, 2009 | |||||
16,000 | | | 119.90 | February 28, 2009 | ||||||
4,900 | | | 93.49 | February 20, 2009 | ||||||
7,500 | | | 83.18 | February 28, 2009 | ||||||
2,500 | | | 62.25 | February 28, 2009 | ||||||
7,500 | | | 67.93 | February 28, 2009 | ||||||
| 1,316 | | 125.28 | February 28, 2009 | ||||||
| | | | February 28, 2009 | ||||||
| 1,833 | | 124.19 | February 28, 2009 | ||||||
Vishnu Pillay |
| | 8,167 | | March 1, 2013 | |||||
| 8,000 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||
| | 6,200 | | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| 8,550 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 19,200 | | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| 15,900 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
Paul Schmidt |
500 | | | 84.17 | March 17, 2010 | |||||
2,534 | | | 83.85 | April 1, 2010 | ||||||
900 | | | 93.49 | August 18, 2010 | ||||||
2,400 | | | 83.18 | March 3, 2011 | ||||||
2,400 | | | 76.75 | October 1, 2011 | ||||||
2,400 | | | 67.93 | February 25, 2012 | ||||||
4,800 | | | 63.65 | May 23, 2012 | ||||||
| | 1,700 | | March 24, 2012 | ||||||
| 4,500 | | 125.28 | March 24, 2012 | ||||||
| | 1,900 | | March 1, 2013 | ||||||
| 4,950 | | 124.19 | March 1, 2013 | ||||||
| | 2,500 | | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| 6,300 | | 107.59 | March 3, 2014 | ||||||
| | 5,625 | | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
| 9,450 | | 103.99 | June 2, 2014 | ||||||
Total issued in fiscal 2008 |
| 336,400 | 375,675 | | | |||||
Total outstanding at September 30, 2008 |
1,164,832 | 425,016 | 512,683 | | | |||||
198
Note:
(1) | Certain expiration dates have been extended under the rules of the Schemes and Plans to cater for special closed periods during which the officers and directors were not permitted to deal in their options. The expiration date of Ian D. Cockerills options was accelerated to May 31, 2009 in connection with his resignation as Chief Executive Officer. The expiration date of Nerina Bodasings options was accelerated to December 30, 2008 in connection with her resignation as Vice President and Head of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs. The expiration date of John Munros options was accelerated to April 30, 2009 in connection with his resignation as Executive Vice President and Head of Corporate Development. The expiration date of James Nkosis options was accelerated to February 28, 2009 in connection with his resignation as Senior Vice President and Head of Government Relations and Transformation. |
Share Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers
The following sets forth, to the knowledge of Gold Fields management, the total amount of ordinary shares directly or indirectly owned by the directors and executive officers of Gold Fields as of September 30, 2008:
Holder |
Ordinary shares |
Percentage | |||
Nicholas J. Holland |
| | |||
Terence P. Goodlace |
| | |||
Alan J. Wright |
135,690 | 0.01 | % | ||
John G. Hopwood |
15,000 | 0.00 | % | ||
Gill Marcus |
900 | 0.00 | % | ||
Total Directors (11 persons) |
151,590 | 0.01 | % | ||
Total Non-Director Executive Officers (8 persons) |
| | |||
Total Directors and Executive Officers (19 persons) |
151,590 | 0.01 | % | ||
The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan
At Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005, the shareholders approved The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, or The 2005 Plan, under which employees, including executive directors, will be compensated going forward.
The 2005 Plan provides for two types of awards: performance vesting restricted shares, or PVRS, and performance allocated share appreciation rights, or SARS. The PVRS will only be released to participants and the SARS will vest three years after the date of the award and/or allocation of such shares However, in respect of the PVRS, company performance criteria need to be met in respect of awards to executives. The size of the initial allocation of SARS and PVRS is dependent on the performance of the participant at the time of allocation. The allocations under The 2005 Plan are usually made annually in March. A special allocation was made in June 2008 as a direct response to the need to retain critical skills. Gold Fields had outstanding as of September 30, 2008, 3,807,027 SARS and 5,356,648 PVRS under The 2005 Plan.
The GF Management Incentive Scheme
Prior to approval of The 2005 Plan, share options were available to executive officers and other employees, as determined by the Board of Directors under The GF Management Incentive Scheme. Options to purchase a total of 4,094,909 ordinary shares were outstanding under The GF Management Incentive Scheme as of September 30, 2008, of which options to purchase 281,000 ordinary shares at a weighted average price of Rand 81.97 were held by the executive directors of Gold Fields. The exercise prices of all outstanding options range between Rand 46.23 and Rand 154.65 per ordinary share and they expire between November 30, 2008 and October 15, 2013. The exercise price of each ordinary share which is the subject of an option is the weighted average price of the ordinary shares on the JSE on the day immediately preceding the date on which the Board of Directors resolved to grant the option.
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Each option may normally only be exercised by a participant on the following bases: (1) after two years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of not more than one-third of the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option; (2) after three years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of not more than a further one-third (representing two-thirds cumulatively) of the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option; and (3) after four years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of all the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option, subject to revision by the Board of Directors. For so long as a person continues to work for Gold Fields, options lapse seven years after the date of acceptance of the option by the participant. Options vest as soon as they are exercisable, and employees who leave Gold Fields have one year following their departure to exercise options which have vested. Options which are not yet exercisable are forfeited upon leaving employment, subject to exceptions relating to changes in control of Gold Fields and no fault termination of service as part of organizational restructuring.
The share option scheme may be amended from time to time by the Board of Directors and the trustees of the scheme in any respect (except in relation to amendments affecting: (1) the eligibility of participants under the scheme; (2) the formula for calculating the total number of ordinary shares which may be issued under the scheme; (3) the maximum number of options which may be acquired by any participant; (4) the option price formula; and (5) the voting, dividend and transfer rights attaching to options, which may only be amended through approval in a general meeting), provided that no such amendment shall operate to affect the vested rights of any participant.
The first allocations were made under The 2005 Plan in March 2006 and no further allocations will be made under The GF Management Incentive Scheme from that date.
A total of 5% of the Companys issued ordinary share capital, being 32,662,181.50 shares as of September 30, 2008, is reserved for issuance under all the prevailing share schemes described above. This percentage may only be amended with the approval of shareholders in general meeting and the JSE.
The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan
At Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005, the shareholders approved The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan, or The 2005 Non-Executive Plan. Participants in The 2005 Non-Executive Plan will be non-executive directors of Gold Fields who are not members of the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee, which is a committee comprising the Chief Executive Officer and two representatives of shareholders of Gold Fields nominated by the Chief Executive Officer under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan. The Plan provides for the release of restricted shares awarded to the non-executive directors three years after the date of the award, provided that the non-executive director is not removed, disqualified or forced to resign from the Board of Directors during that period. No consideration is payable for the grant of an award of restricted shares. Awards in respect of 29,600 shares were authorized at Gold Fields annual general meeting on November 2, 2007.
The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan
Prior to the approval of The 2005 Non-Executive Plan, share options were available to non-executive directors selected by the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee. No member of the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee could be a participant in The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan. The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan was adopted at the annual general meeting of shareholders on October 31, 2001. The exercise price of each ordinary share which is the subject of an option is the weighted average price of the ordinary shares on the JSE on the day immediately preceding the date on which the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee resolves to grant the option.
Under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan, all options granted may only be exercised no less than 12 months and no more than five years after the date on which the option was accepted by the participant.
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If an option holder ceases to hold office for any reason, he will be entitled within 30 days to exercise share options which he was entitled to exercise immediately prior to his ceasing to hold office, failing which the options shall automatically lapse. The share option plan may be amended from time to time by the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee in any respect, except in relation to: (1) the eligibility of participants under the plan; (2) the formula for calculating the total number of ordinary shares which may be acquired pursuant to the plan; (3) the maximum number of options which may be acquired by any participant; (4) the price payable by participants; and (5) the voting, dividend and transfer rights attaching to options, which may only be amended through approval by the shareholders in a general meeting and by the JSE.
Options to purchase a total of 106,700 ordinary shares were held by the non-executive directors of Gold Fields under the plan as of September 22, 2008. The exercise prices of all outstanding options granted under this plan range between Rand 43.70 and Rand 110.03 per ordinary share, and they expire between December 16, 2008 and March 28, 2010.
Following the approval of The 2005 Non-Executive Plan at the Annual General Meeting held on November 17, 2005 and the approval of the first allocations under that Plan at that meeting, no further allocations will be made under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan.
Executive Directors Terms of Employment
Each of Ian D. Cockerill (former Executive Director and Former Chief Executive Officer), Nicholas J. Holland (Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer) and Terence P. Goodlace (former Executive Director and former Chief Operating Officer) had service agreements with subsidiaries of Gold Fields during fiscal 2008. One agreement, or the GFL Contract, was with GFL Mining Services Ltd., or GFLMSL. The two other agreements, or the Offshore Contracts, were with Gold Fields offshore subsidiaries in respect of work performed offshore for such subsidiaries. The terms and conditions of employment for each executive director were substantially similar, except where otherwise indicated below.
The annual gross remuneration package, or GRP, payable to each of Mr. Cockerill, Mr. Holland and Mr. Goodlace for fiscal 2008 was determined by the Compensation Committee and is as follows:
Ian D. Cockerill |
R3,800,000 plus U.S.$227,000 | |
Nicholas J. Holland |
R3,200,000 plus U.S.$190,000 | |
Terence P. Goodlace |
R570,000 plus U.S.$19,000 |
The split between the contracts for these amounts payable to the executive directors is determined on the basis of the amount of time spent by that executive director in respect of each contract.
The GFL Contracts
Under the GFL Contracts, the employment of an executive director will continue until terminated upon (i) six months notice by either party or (ii) retirement of the relevant executive director (currently provided for at age 60 in the contract). Gold Fields can also terminate the executive directors employment summarily for any reason recognized by law as justifying summary termination.
The value of the GRP payable in terms of the GFL Contract is to be allocated among the following benefits: (i) salary; (ii) compulsory retirement fund contribution (with contributions set at 20% of Pensionable Emoluments, which are set at a rate between 50% and 100% of the GRP as elected by the executive director); (iii) voluntary participation in a vehicle scheme; (iv) compulsory medical coverage; and (v) compulsory Group Personal Accident Policy coverage. In addition, it is compulsory for the executive director to contribute 1% of his GRP to the Unemployment Insurance Fund, subject to any legislated contribution maximum at the time.
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The Offshore Contracts
Under the Offshore Contracts, the executive director is paid offshore, in an appropriate currency, that portion of the GRP relating to the amount of time spent performing duties offshore for the relevant offshore companies. In the interest of simplicity, no benefits other than annual leave accrue to each executive director under the Offshore Contracts.
Other Remuneration
In addition to the gross guaranteed remuneration payable, each executive director is entitled, among other things, to the following benefits under their employment contracts: (i) participation in the GF Management Incentive Scheme and The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan; and (ii) consideration for an annual (financial year) incentive bonus based upon the fulfillment of certain targets set by the Board of Directors.
The amount and manner of any bonus payment is determined by the Remuneration Committee of the Board. See Board of Directors Committees. The annual bonus is set at a target of 50% of the value of the GRP, assuming fulfillment of all targets, with scope to award a lesser bonus if targets are not met, or a greater bonus, up to a further 50% of the GRP, if targets are exceeded.
The employment contracts also provide that in the event of the relevant executive directors employment being terminated solely as a result of a change of control as defined below, and within 12 months of the change of control, the director is entitled to: (i) payment of an amount equal to twice his GRP, or two and a half times in the case of the Chief Executive Officer; (ii) payment of an amount equal to the average of the incentive bonuses paid to the executive director during the previous two completed financial years; (iii) any other payments and/or benefits due under the contracts; (iv) payment of any annual incentive bonus he has earned during the financial year notwithstanding that the financial year is incomplete; (v) an entitlement, for two years after the date of termination, subject to the relevant rules of the GF Management Incentive Scheme then in force, to retain and to exercise all share options allocated to him including those which may not have vested at the date of such termination; and (vi) an entitlement to be settled with the SARS and Restricted Shares allocated and awarded to him, subject to the rules of The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan then in force, and in the case of the SARS will have a further period of one year in which to exercise such SARS. The employment contracts further provide that these payments cover any compensation or damages the executive director may have under any applicable employment legislation.
A change of control for the above is defined as the acquisition by a third party or concert parties of 30% or more of Gold Fields ordinary shares.
In the event of the consummation of an acquisition, merger, consolidation, scheme of arrangement or other reorganization, whether or not there is a change of control, if the executive directors services are terminated the change of control provisions summarized above also apply.
At the Annual General Meeting which was held on November 7, 2007, the shareholders increased Board fees as follows: the chairman of the Board receives an annual fee of Rand 1.05 million ($150,000); the attendance fee for each Board member, excluding the Chairman, for each Board meeting is Rand 8,800 ($1,210) per meeting; the annual fee for each chairman of a Board committee, other than the Audit Committee chairman, is Rand 87,000 ($12,429); the annual fee for the chairman of the Audit Committee is Rand 122,000 ($17,429; the attendance fee for each Board committee member for each Board committee meeting is Rand 5,300 ($757) per meeting; the annual fee for members of each Board committee, other than the Audit Committee, is Rand 43,500 ($6,214); the annual fee for each member of the Audit Committee, excluding the chairman, is Rand 61,000 ($8,714); and the shareholder-approved travel allowance payable to directors who travel internationally to attend meetings is $4,400 per international trip. Gold Fields has no service contracts with its non-executive directors.
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The gold mining industry, particularly in South Africa, is labor-intensive. The total number of employees, including employees of outside contractors, as of the end of the last three fiscal years at each of the operations owned by Gold Fields as of those dates was:
As of June 30,(1) | |||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |||||
South Africa |
|||||||
Driefontein |
18,000 | 18,300 | 18,200 | ||||
Kloof |
17,400 | 18,100 | 16,900 | ||||
Beatrix |
12,000 | 12,300 | 12,900 | ||||
South Deep |
| 4,800 | 6,300 | ||||
Ghana |
|||||||
Tarkwa |
3,000 | 3,800 | 4,700 | ||||
Damang |
900 | 1,000 | 1,600 | ||||
Australia |
|||||||
St. Ives |
700 | 800 | 1,200 | ||||
Agnew |
400 | 300 | 500 | ||||
Venezuela |
|||||||
Choco 10(3) |
600 | 1,000 | | ||||
Peru |
|||||||
Cerro Corona |
| | 3,900 | ||||
Corporate |
100 | 200 | 200 | ||||
Total |
53,100 | 60,600 | 66,400 | (2) | |||
Notes:
(1) | Rounded to the nearest hundred. |
(2) | As of June 30, 2008, approximately 52,700 of these employees were laborers and semi-skilled employees. |
(3) | On November 30, 2007, Gold Fields sold its interests in Choco 10. |
Labor Relations
South Africa
Since 1995, the South African legislature has enacted various labor laws that enhance the rights of employees. For example, these laws:
| confirm the right of employees to belong to trade unions and the right of unions to have access to the workplace; |
| guarantee employees the right to strike, picket and participate in secondary strikes in certain prescribed circumstances; |
| provide for mandatory severance pay in the event of termination of employment for operational reasons; |
| reduce and limit the maximum ordinary hours of work; |
| increase the rate of pay for overtime; |
| require large employers such as Gold Fields to implement affirmative action policies to benefit historically disadvantaged groups, and impose significant monetary penalties for non-compliance with the administrative and reporting requirements of the legislation; |
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| provide for the financing of training programs by means of a levy grant system and a National Skills Fund; and |
| grant employees the right to strike if a company employing over 500 employees terminates the employment of over 50 employees at any one time for operational reasons. |
Approximately 79% of the labor force at Gold Fields South African operations is unionized, with the major portion of its South African workforce being members of the National Union of Mineworkers, or the NUM. As a result of its highly unionized labor force in South Africa and the fact that labor costs constitute approximately 54% of production costs, Gold Fields has attempted to balance union demands with the need to contain and reduce total cash costs in order to ensure the long-term viability of its operations.
Wage Agreements
2007 2009 Agreement
Wage increases and changes to terms and conditions of employment are negotiated with the unions every two years, and on August 30, 2007, Gold Fields reached a two-year wage agreement, or the 2007 wage agreement, with the United Association of South Africa, or UASA, Solidarity Trade Union, or Solidarity, and the NUM. This agreement provided for wage increases for the majority of employees of between 8% and 8.5%, depending upon the category of employee, implemented with effect from July 1, 2007. In addition, the minimum wages of the lowest paid employees were increased by 10% with effect from the same date. The approximate impact of the 2007 wage agreement was a 5% increase on the total Rand production costs for the South African operations for fiscal 2008.
A further inflation-linked increase of 1% above inflation with a minimum of 8% was implemented on July 1, 2008, and as a result all employees covered by the 2007 Agreement received a 10% increase.
The 2007 wage agreement further provided for a number of adjustments to several other conditions of employment, such as family responsibility leave, funeral benefits and medical incapacitation benefits, as well as an increase in the living out allowance from R1,000 to R1,100, effective from September 1, 2007 and a further increase to R1,200, effective from September 1, 2008. Currently, approximately 30% of Gold Fields South African labor force receive living out allowances.
The next round of negotiations with the unions in South Africa is expected to commence in May 2009, as the current agreement expires in June of that year.
Ghana
In Ghana, there are various constitutional and legislative provisions relating to labor which, among other things:
| entitle workers to join trade unions and give those unions the power to negotiate on their behalf with regard to their conditions of employment; |
| prohibit discrimination against union members; |
| entitle workers to strike in certain prescribed circumstances; |
| regulate the hours of work, termination notice, severance pay and minimum length of annual leave for workers; |
| provide for social security for workers and workers compensation; and |
| provide for arbitration in trade disputes. |
On October 8, 2003, the Ghanaian Parliament passed the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651), or the Labour Act. The Labour Act gives employees greater freedom to form and to join trade unions, among other rights. The Labour Regulations 2007 (L.I 1833), or the Regulations, made under the Labour Act came into effect on June 8, 2007.
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Of the Ghanaian employees at Tarkwa and Damang, including those employed by African Mining Services (Ghana) Pty Ltd, or AMS, the majority are members of the Ghana Mineworkers Union, or GMWU, whose employment is governed by a collective bargaining agreement originally concluded in 1996 and revised in 2000, 2003, 2004 and 2006. Wages are revised annually by negotiation with the GMWU. In July 2004, Gold Fields Ghana concluded a two-year agreement with the GMWU covering both the Tarkwa and Damang mines. The agreement provided for a 2% increase in basic rates of pay effective January 1, 2004. The increase effective January 1, 2005 was 3% and for 2006, effective January 1, 2006, was 12%. The agreement further provided for profit-sharing arrangements under which employees shared in the profits made at the Tarkwa and Damang mines in fiscal 2004, 2005 and 2006. The payment for fiscal 2005 was agreed at $750 per employee in service for the full fiscal year and in 2006 it was U.S.$1000.
In 2006, the GMWU and Gold Fields renegotiated the terms of their collective bargaining agreement, which the parties signed on August 24, 2006. On August 23, 2007, GMWU and Gold Fields agreed an 11% wage increase in basic rates of pay, effective January 1, 2007. Additionally, as a profit-sharing arrangement, Gold Fields agreed to pay a lump sum amount of U.S.$1,049 to each employee in Gold Fields service during the period from July 1, 2006 to June 30, 2007. Additionally, Gold Fields negotiated a new employee gain-sharing model with the union for fiscal 2007, 2008 and 2009, pursuant to which 1.25% of profits after tax and royalties will be shared among local employees. On July 24, 2008, GMWU and Gold Fields agreed a 15% wage increase in basic pay rates, effective January 1, 2008. GMWU and Gold Fields also agreed to a 10% increase in the monthly housing allowance, effective July 1, 2008.
Senior staff terms of employment are also governed by the Labour Act. Under the Labour Act, employees considered to be in policy-making positions are prohibited from joining unions. As a result, some members of senior staff who are not in policy-making positions could be eligible to join unions which would then negotiate terms of employment on their behalf. Pursuant to this, in fiscal 2007 Gold Fields senior staff association, which previously constituted a non-bargaining consultative unit representing senior staff, joined the GMWU. In turn, the GMWU obtained a bargaining certificate on May 24, 2007 to negotiate on the associations behalf, thus leading to the formation of the Professional and Managerial Staff Union, or PMSU. Following the formation of the PMSU and the election of its executives, Gold Fields management was obligated to negotiate conditions for the senior staff with GMWU. In August 2007, the PMSU accepted and signed a wage increase and gain share agreement with the same terms as the agreement signed by GMWU and Gold Fields on August 23, 2007, as described above. To date, the GMWU has submitted a proposal to negotiate and finalize further conditions of senior staff employment at Gold Fields.
In August 2005, Gold Fields experienced an unexpected 48-hour strike at the Tarkwa mine. The strike centered on unhappiness with existing union representation and, as a result of steps taken by Gold Fields in conjunction with the union, an interim management committee was elected until January 2007, when substantive elections were held to appoint new union representatives.
As part of a project undertaken by Gold Fields to expand operations at Tarkwa, or the Tarkwa Expansion Project, Gold Fields has completed shifting operations at the mine from contractor mining to owner mining. The conversion to owner mining at Tarkwa was completed in fiscal 2005 without any labor incidents.
Australia
In Western Australia, where Gold Fields Australian operations are located, labor is now primarily regulated by the Workplace Relations Act 1996 (Cth), or the Workplace Relations Act, and the federal industrial relations system created thereby.
With the exception of a range of state statutes limited to health and safety, long-service leave, discrimination and workers compensation, Gold Fields and its employees are not subject to state industrial or employment laws.
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The Workplace Relations Act continues to prescribe, among other things:
| minimum wages; |
| maximum ordinary hours of work; |
| forms of leave (other than long-service leave); |
| conditions regarding termination of an employee for redundancy; |
| sanctions for unfair dismissal and unlawful termination; |
| rights of unions to enter a workplace; and |
| collective bargaining rights for employees. |
However, the Workplace Relations Act is currently the subject of significant legislative reform by the Australian government, elected in the Australian federal election in November 2007. Recent changes to the Workplace Relations Act may increase union activity.
The Australian government has made significant amendments to the Workplace Relations Act, and proposes further amendments, which primarily regulate minimum terms and conditions of employment by focusing on employee collective bargaining rights.
Recent and proposed amendments to the Workplace Relations Act include, among other things:
| the removal of the ability for employers to make Australian Workplace Agreements which were individual statutory agreements used by employers to exclude collective bargaining and union access to the workplace; |
| the introduction of the National Employment Standards, which prescribe core minimum conditions of employment applicable to all Australian employees under the federal industrial relations system; |
| the commencement of a modernization process for collectively bargained agreements which is to be administered by the Australian Industrial Relations Commission in order to simplify and update such agreements for different industry sectors, including the mining industry; |
| changes to unfair dismissal laws; and |
| the creation of a national body called Fair Work Australia which, among other matters, will hear and determine unlawful dismissal claims and matters relating to minimum entitlements of employment and freedom of association. |
All of Gold Fields Australian employees and the employees of the contractors at the St. Ives and Agnew mines are employed pursuant to individually negotiated federal workplace agreements which will be affected by the amendments outlined above to the Workplace Relations Act. The effect of federal workplace agreements is generally to exclude collective bargaining and union access to the workplace, other than for occupational health and safety purposes.
The amendments to the Workplace Relations Act means that unions may have an increased role in negotiating collective agreements for pay and working conditions leading to increased union presence in Western Australias mining industry, potentially including at Gold Fields mining operations in Australia.
Peru
Mine workers in Peru are subject to the general regulations of the private labor system. In addition to these general regulations, the specific legal framework regarding mining activities is provided by the General Mining Law and its regulations and the Mine Safety and Hygiene Regulations.
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The employees at the Cerro Corona Project are not unionized and currently have no collective bargaining agreement. However, Peruvian labor regulations provide that a collective negotiation process may be commenced by a union or by workers representatives elected by the majority thereof. Beyond these collective bargaining rights, there are various labor regulations which, among other things:
| entitle workers to strike in certain prescribed circumstances and manners; |
| prescribe maximum ordinary hours of work; |
| prescribe overtime pay; |
| prescribe minimum wages; |
| require mine owners to transport workers between remote mine sites and population centers; and |
| provide for mediation or arbitration in certain collective bargaining negotiations. |
Though not required by law, Gold Fields also provides housing for management staff in the city of Cajamarca in accordance with particular work contracts or Gold Fields internal policy.
Also, Gold Fields must provide free transportation between the mine site and Cajamarca.
Benefits
Gold Fields provides benefits to its employees, generally including pension, medical and accommodation benefits. Employees are also entitled to a severance package if they are laid off. At Damang, medical benefits only are provided by AMS, while the costs of such benefits are paid by Gold Fields under the terms of the contract between Gold Fields and AMS. Gold Fields own employees are generally provided with medical and retirement benefits. In Australia, benefits for contractors employees are the responsibility of each contractor and Gold Fields own employees are generally responsible for their own medical costs and other benefits, except that Gold Fields contributes to a third-party pension plan.
Gold Fields provides 50% of the contributions (premiums) under a medical plan, or the Gold Fields Plan, for certain former employees in South Africa. As of June 30, 2008, approximately 213 former employees were still covered under this plan.
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, Gold Fields assumed an additional post-retirement healthcare cost liability, or the South Deep Plan. Former employees of South Deep belong to a commercial medical scheme with employer liability for contribution per pensioner limited to R400 per month. The R400 monthly contribution is fixed and is payable until the arrangement terminates on December 31, 2011. At June 30, 2008, there were 223 former South Deep employees that were subject to this employer contribution.
In fiscal 2008, $0.7 million was debited to earnings under the Gold Fields Plan described above. No additional amount is attributable to the inheritance of the South Deep Plan.
Bonus Schemes
Gold Fields has extensive bonus schemes for workers at all levels. The focus of Gold Fields bonus schemes is based on specific production and safety targets as the primary drivers, with quality factors being secondary drivers at management levels.
Employment Equity
Under the South African Employment Equity Act, Gold Fields has a responsibility to: (1) promote equal opportunity and fair treatment in employment by eliminating unfair discrimination; and (2) implement affirmative action measures to redress the disadvantages in employment experienced by certain groups, in order
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to ensure their equitable representation in all occupational categories and levels in the workforce. As required by the Act, Gold Fields has a formal employment equity plan, which has been approved by its unions and submitted as part of its report to South African regulatory officials. The plan includes numerical targets to be achieved over a five-year period, with regular meetings of employment equity forums involving management and employee representatives to monitor progress against the plan. The plan currently envisions the achievement of these targets in May 2009. Management believes that Gold Fields is currently making adequate progress toward the targets under its plan and is in compliance with legal and regulatory requirements regarding employment equity.
Training
Gold Fields spent approximately R225.2 million, U.S.$1.7 million, A$0.8 million on employee training and development in fiscal 2008 at its South African, Ghanaian, and Australian operations, respectively. Particular emphasis is placed on literacy as Gold Fields estimates that between 30% and 40% of its South African employees are functionally illiterate and the Company has set objectives to address this issue by 2009. For fiscal 2009 the direct investment in human resources development at the South African operations is expected to be R161.2 million with a further provision for approximately R77 million in respect of discretionary training projects.
Gold Fields continues to provide comprehensive training to its employees, in full compliance with the regulatory requirements at the sites at which it operates. The training provided in South Africa is aligned with South Africas National Qualifications Framework, and is carried out within the ambit of Gold Fields education, training and development, or ETD, establishment, which is fully accredited with the relevant Sectoral Education and Training Authority, or SETA, which for Gold Fields is the Mining Qualifications Authority, or MQA. Gold Fields ETD establishment has secured accreditation and program approvals from a number of SETAs outside of the mining industry, and is fully certificated in terms of the ISO 9001/2000 and ISO 14000 quality management standards. In order to secure optimal workplace safety and productive work performance, Gold Fields exposes its employees to ETD interventions which significantly exceed compliance to minimum standards, in the form of additional mining and safety skills training, team-based behavioral training, and non-mining related life and social skills training.
In addition, Gold Fields continues to focus systematically on managerial, leadership, and professional development though its Leadership and Professional Talent Pipeline program, by means of a process known as the Management Review, which is integrated with its performance management system.
All of Gold Fields employee training activities in South Africa are cognizant of the human resources development requirements of the Mining Charter, and are fully described in the Social and Labor Plan submitted by Gold Fields to the Department of Minerals and Energy. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaMineral Rights.
A salient development in the training environment within Gold Fields has been the establishment of the Gold Fields Business and Leadership Academy, or GFBLA. GFBLA comprises all five of the formerly discrete training establishments operating within Gold Fields South African operations. These various training establishments have, with effect from July 2006, been consolidated into the single Gold Fields subsidiary, GFBLA, under a single management structure and under a unified Strategic and Business Plan. Gold Fields executives have been assigned leadership of GFBLA, with a principal mandate to optimize training in order to secure enhanced workforce performance for Gold Fields and with enhanced safety and productivity performance as key outcomes. A secondary mission for GFBLA is to provide commercial training services to a client base external to Gold Fields, and to support the South African governments strategy to improve the technical skills base in the national economy. This strategy is described in the document outlining the Joint Initiative on Priority Skills Acquisition, which is an important element of the Governments Accelerated and Shared Growth Initiative for South Africa program. GFBLAs performance met expectations in fiscal 2008, including meeting its budgeted cost and revenue targets, and the Company believes it is well positioned to sustain such performance into the future.
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Although Gold Fields continues to subscribe to initiatives concerning national critical skills formation, operating through various private sector collaborative initiatives (such as the Gold Producers Committees Collaborative Skills Development initiative and the Technical Skills Business Partnership (TSBP), which involves Arcelor-Mittal, SASOL, ESKOM, Transnet, Angloplats and Gold Fields), progress toward achieving the desired output of technical skills into the economy, through interventions by Gold Fields and others, remains slow.
Gold Fields has almost doubled its enrolment of University Bursars and entry level scholarships across the technical disciplines, to grow its own talent pipeline and in order to transform the racial and gender demographics of the future professional and leadership element of Company
Health and Safety
Health
The principal health risks associated with Gold Fields mining operations in South Africa arise from occupational exposure to dust, noise, heat, noxious fumes and chemicals. The most significant occupational diseases affecting Gold Fields workforce include lung diseases (particularly silicosis, tuberculosis and a combination of the two), noise-induced hearing loss and heat exhaustion. In South Africa, the incidence of tuberculosis in mine workers may be aggravated by exposure to crystalline silica dust and by compromised immunity due to HIV infection. Gold Fields is working to further increase the level of ventilation at its underground operations. To reduce the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss, Gold Fields implements engineering controls where practicable and, if it is not possible, Gold Fields trains its workers to use adequate ear protection and provides appropriate equipment. Gold Fields has embarked on significant initiatives to address HIV infection and AIDS among its workforce.
In Ghana, Australia and Peru, the primary health risks include dust and noise-induced hearing loss. Malaria is also a significant health risk in Ghana. To combat these risks, Gold Fields provides workers with appropriate protective gear and regular training and screening tests.
Gold Fields provides free healthcare to a substantial portion of its South African, Peruvian and Ghanaian employees while they are employed by Gold Fields. This includes the operation of hospitals and/or clinics to provide treatment as needed. Workers in Australia are responsible for their own healthcare.
HIV/AIDS Program. On December 12, 2001, Gold Fields entered into an agreement with the principal labor unions representing its employees, under which Gold Fields and the unions agreed to implement various initiatives aimed at reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS among Gold Fields workforce and providing for the treatment and care of employees who are HIV positive or suffering from AIDS. These initiatives include, among others, improving awareness and education among employees regarding HIV/AIDS, promoting condom usage among employees, managing sexually transmitted infections and collectively supporting a wellness management program for employees who are HIV positive. In April 2003, the Gold Fields HIV/AIDS program was recognized as one of the nine best programs in the world by the Global Business Coalition Against AIDS.
Gold Fields believes that its South African workforce has a similar level of HIV prevalence to that present in groups of males of the same mix of age groups in South Africa generally. Accordingly, Gold Fields has developed and implemented a significant HIV/AIDS program with the goals of reducing the rate of HIV infection among its workforce and minimizing the potential financial impact of AIDS on its operations. This program involves a multi-faceted approach, including the following components:
| HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns; |
| peer education and training, involving more than 800 peer educators; |
| voluntary counseling and testing; |
| condom promotion and distribution, with a stated goal of three condoms per employee per week; |
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| treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, including treatment of infected sex workers and periodic presumptive therapy which involves giving a broad spectrum of antibiotics to asymptomatic sex workers at high risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases; |
| care and support for workers with HIV/AIDS. This includes wellness management, ill health retirement for workers with AIDS (with workers encouraged to return home to their families) and home-based care for such workers following retirement. In January 2004, Gold Fields announced that it had extended the program to include the delivery of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, or HAART, as a treatment option for employees living with AIDS; and |
| collaboration with international initiatives such as the Global Health Initiative, World Economic Forum, World Health Organization and USAID. |
In October 2007, management estimated that approximately 33.6% of Gold Fields workforce in South Africa was infected with HIV. The actuarial model which the Company has applied consistently since 2001 estimates that peak prevalence has almost been reached.
Increasingly, Gold Fields is seeing an adverse impact of HIV/AIDS on its affected employees, evidenced by increased absenteeism and reduced productivity. Gold Fields hopes to continue to limit the impact of HIV/AIDS on its operating costs through its HIV/AIDS program.
See Risk FactorsHIV/AIDS poses risks to Gold Fields in terms of lost productivity and increased costs.
HIV/AIDS prevalence is not significant in Gold Fields Ghanaian, Australian or Peruvian workforces. Gold Fields has also introduced its HIV/AIDS program in Ghana.
Safety
Operating mines, particularly underground mines, involves significant safety hazards. Gold Fields takes steps to address particular safety issues which are present at its operations. Specific safety issues are explained in further detail in connection with the description of each of Gold Fields operations. See Information on the Company.
During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields faced a number of significant safety issues, including the deaths of 47 workers at its mines. As a result, the Company undertook a renewed commitment to safety including implementing a number of strategic safety initiatives. See Information on the CompanyStrategy.
Gold Fields Full Compliance Health and Safety Management System started as a health and safety initiative at the end of 2000. A group consisting of representatives of management, the DMEs Mine Health and Safety inspectorate and South African trade unions developed the management system for Gold Fields. The Full Compliance Health and Safety Management System consists of programs of tailored safety training, emergency preparation, safety inspections and investigations aimed at improving the safety performance of each mine. As part of Gold Fields renewed commitment to safety, this system is being revisited taking into consideration recent multiple fatal accidents, lessons learned from the investigations and the outcomes of the various safety audits that have been conducted. In addition, each of the South African operations has designed and implemented a safety training initiative tailored for its particular circumstances, and those initiatives are used for both initial and ongoing training. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 alone, approximately 14,000 workers underwent safety training under these initiatives.
Gold Fields has engaged Du Pont International to assess the existing health and safety management systems at Gold Fields, operations and benchmark them against international best practice in the areas of health and safety, policy formulation and implementation, strategy development and structure, monitoring, performance measurement, review processes, follow-up, and risk assessment. Current behaviors, attitudes, practices and procedures will be analyzed and comparative analyses against industry best practices in health and safety will be conducted for each operation.
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In October 2007, as a result of a spate of accidents at various mining operations in South Africa, including Gold Fields operations, former President Thabo Mbeki ordered the Department of Minerals and Energy to conduct an occupational health and safety audit at all mines, including Gold Fields mines. The audit of legal compliance has been completed and a report of its finding is expected in the near future. See Information on the CompanyEnvironmental and Regulatory MattersSouth AfricaHealth and Safety.
Gold Fields operations in Australia and Ghana are certified under OHSAS, 18000, an occupational health and safety management specification system. Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix received re-certification in fiscal 2008. Internal audits were conducted at South Deep in February 2007 and follow-up audits will be conducted at the end of 2008 in preparation for its certification in OHSAS 18001.
Gold Fields South African operations have subscribed to the milestones set for accidents, elimination of silicosis and noise-induced hearing loss issued by the Mine Health and Safety Council of South Africa, which is a legislative body set up under the Mine Health and Safety Act to advise the Minister of Minerals and Energy on mine safety standards. These milestones include (i) achieving safety performance levels equivalent to international standards for underground metalliferous mines by 2013, (ii) by December 2008, achieving respirable crystalline silica levels of below 0.1mg per cubic meter in 95% of exposure measurement results, (iii) after December 2013, there being no new cases of silicosis among individuals previously unexposed prior to 2008, (iv) after December 2008, eliminating hearing deterioration of more than 10% among occupationally exposed individuals and (v) by December 2013, reducing the noise emitted by equipment to a level below 110dB(A) at any location in the workplace. Action plans to achieve these milestones have been developed and the Vice President and Head of South African operations reports to the Boards Safety, Health and Sustainable Development Committee on a quarterly basis. Cartoon booklets that assist in communicating health, safety and hygiene hazards are being rolled out to all South African operations.
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ITEM 7: MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
To the knowledge of management: (1) Gold Fields is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled (a) by another corporation or (b) by any foreign government and (2) there are no arrangements the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of Gold Fields. To the knowledge of Gold Fields management, there is no controlling shareholder of Gold Fields.
As of September 30, 2008, the issued share capital of Gold Fields consisted of 653,242,722 ordinary shares.
A list of the individuals and organizations holding, to the knowledge of management, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of its issued share capital as of September 30, 2008 is set forth below.
Beneficial owner |
Ordinary shares |
Percentage | |||
Tradewinds Global Investors LLC |
67,812,852 | 10.4 | % | ||
BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Limited |
43,092,009 | 6.6 | % | ||
Public Investment Commissioner |
39,033,833 | 6.0 | % |
To the knowledge of management, none of the above shareholders holds voting rights which are different than those held by Gold Fields other shareholders.
The table below shows the significant changes of the percentage of ownership by Gold Fields major shareholders, to the knowledge of Gold Fields management, during the past three fiscal years.
Beneficial ownership | ||||||||||
As of June 30, | As of September 30, 2008 | |||||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||||||||
(%) | ||||||||||
Beneficial owner |
||||||||||
Tradewinds Global Investors |
| (1) | | (1) | 7.2 | 10.4 | ||||
BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Limited(2) |
7.6 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 6.6 | ||||||
Public Investment Commissioner(3) |
5.6 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 6.0 | ||||||
Capital World Investors (formerly known as Capital Research and Management)(4) |
9.7 | 7.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | ||||||
Old Mutual plc(5) |
6.9 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 4.5 |
Notes:
(1) | To the knowledge of Gold Fields management, the entities did not own Gold Fields ordinary shares on the dates specified. |
(2) | BlackRock Investment Management, previously known as Merrill Lynch Investment Management, was established in October 2006 with the merger of Merrill Lynchs asset management business and BlackRocks asset management business. |
(3) | Public Investment Commissioner holds a portion of its shares directly and a portion of its shares through Stanlib Asset Management, Sanlam Investment Managers, Old Mutual Asset Managers, Future Growth and RMB Asset Management. |
(4) | Capital Research and Management holds its shares through JPMorgan Chase Bank and State Street Bank & Trust Company. |
(5) | Old Mutual plc holds its shares through Old Mutual Life Assurance Company of South Africa Limited and various subsidiaries. |
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None of the directors, officers or major shareholders of Gold Fields or, to the knowledge of Gold Fields management, their families, had any interest, direct or indirect, in any transaction during the last three fiscal years or in any proposed transaction which has affected or will materially affect Gold Fields or its investment interests or subsidiaries, other than as stated below.
Mvelaphanda
Tokyo M. G. Sexwale, a former non-executive director of Gold Fields, who did not stand for re-election at the Annual General Meeting held on November 2, 2007, is a non-executive director of Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, or Mvela Resources, and chairman of Mvelaphanda Holdings (Proprietary) Limited.
On July 10, 2002, Gold Fields announced that it had granted Mvela Resources the right to acquire a beneficial ownership interest of between 5% and 15% in, and a corresponding share of Gold Fields obligations and liabilities with respect to, the development, financing or construction of any precious metals mine which is developed in Africa, beginning March 1, 2002. In consideration for the transaction, referred to in this discussion as the Exploration Arrangement, Mvela Resources is obligated to issue to Gold Fields options to subscribe in tranches for linked units in Mvela Resources, consisting of one ordinary share and one unsecured debenture issued by Mvela Resources, at a 10% premium to the five-day weighted average trading price listed on the JSE.
On September 26, 2002, Mvela Resources issued to GFL Mining Services Limited, or GFLMSL, 380,102 options to subscribe for linked units pursuant to this arrangement at a strike price of R26.3087 per option. Thereafter, each year Mvela Resources was obligated to issue to GFLMSL options to subscribe for linked units with a value equal to half of the amount spent by GFLMSL on the precious metals exploration projects covered by the agreement between the parties during that year. On May 5, 2003, Mvela Resources issued to GFLMSL further options to subscribe for 373,435 linked units at a strike price of R19.3468. In November 2003, Mvela Resources implemented a Scheme of Arrangement and a consolidation of its share capital, which are described below. As a result of these actions, GFLMSLs right to receive options to subscribe for linked units has been converted into a right to receive options to subscribe for ordinary shares of Mvela Resources. On May 30, 2004, Mvela Resources issued to Gold Fields options to subscribe for 521,812 ordinary shares in Mvela Resources at a strike price of R25.0357. The options granted under the Exploration Arrangement were originally exercisable for a period of two years from the date of issuance, but as of September 16, 2004, this period was extended to five years. On May 9, 2005, Mvela Resources issued to GFLMSL options to subscribe for 1,375,584 ordinary shares in Mvela Resources expiring on May 30, 2007 at a strike price of R16.9364. On May 16, 2006, Mvela Resources issued to GFLMSL options to subscribe for 1,396,925 ordinary shares in Mvela Resources expiring on May 30, 2008 at a strike price of R39.1871.
On May 29, 2007, GFLMSL exercised 1,375,584 options for a full consideration of R23,297,440.86 and received 1,375,584 Mvelaphanda Resources shares. On September 25, 2007, GFLMSL exercised 380,102 options for a full consideration of R9,999,989.49 and received 380,102 Mvelaphanda Resources shares. On March 11, 2008, GFLMSL exercised the balance of 2,292,172 Mvela Resources options for a full consideration of R75,030,140.61 and received 2,292,172 Mvelaphanda Resources shares.
On March 8, 2004, the shareholders of Gold Fields approved a series of transactions, referred to in this discussion as the Mvelaphanda Transaction, involving the acquisition by Mvela Resources of a 15% beneficial interest in the South African gold mining assets of Gold Fields for a cash consideration of Rand 4,139 million.
The Mvelaphanda Transaction was preceded by an internal restructuring of Gold Fields, whereby each of the Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix mining operations, as well as certain ancillary assets and operations, was transferred to a new, wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields, GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, or GFIMSA.
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On November 26, 2003, Gold Fields, Mvela Resources, Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, or Mvela Gold, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mvela Resources, and GFIMSA entered into a covenants agreement, or the Covenants Agreement, regulating their rights and obligations with respect to GFIMSA. This agreement became effective following the advance by Mvela Gold of the loan to GFIMSA described below, which is referred to in this discussion as the Mvela Loan, and, among other things, provides for Mvela Gold to nominate two members of GFIMSAs Board of Directors and two members of each of GFIMSAs Operations Committee and Transformation Committee, the latter of which has been established to monitor compliance with the mining charter promulgated under the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act No. 28 of 2002. Under the Covenants Agreement, GFIMSA cannot dispose of any material assets, enter into, cancel or alter any material transaction between GFIMSA and any related party or make any material amendment to its constitutive documents without the prior written consent of Mvela Gold. In addition, if Gold Fields or GFIMSA wants to increase the interest of black empowerment entities in GFIMSA or in any business or assets of GFIMSA, other than pursuant to an employee share incentive scheme, Gold Fields must offer to Mvela Gold the opportunity to increase its interest in GFIMSA. By its terms, the Covenants Agreement remains in force for so long as Gold Fields remains a shareholder in GFIMSA and Mvela Gold holds its empowerment interest in or is a shareholder of GFIMSA and Mvela Gold holds the right to subscribe for 15% of the share interest in GFIMSA, provided that it terminates if the shares of GFIMSA are listed on the JSE.
On December 11, 2003, Gold Fields, GFIMSA, and Mvela Gold entered into a subscription and share exchange agreement, or the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which, upon repayment of the Mvela Loan, Mvela Gold must subscribe for shares equal to 15% of GFIMSAs outstanding share capital, including the newly issued shares, for consideration of Rand 4,139 million. In addition, for a period of one year after the subscription by Mvela Gold of the GFIMSA shares, each of Gold Fields and Mvela Gold will be entitled to require the exchange of Mvela Golds GFIMSA shares for ordinary shares of Gold Fields of an equivalent value based on an exchange ratio equal to 15% of a discounted cash flow calculation as applied to GFIMSAs operations divided by the same calculation as applied to Gold Fields operations, with certain adjustments. Mvela Gold is entitled to dispose of the GFIMSA shares and any Gold Fields ordinary shares it may hold only in accordance with the terms of a pre-emptive rights agreement entered into by the parties, whereby if Mvela Gold receives an offer for, or otherwise wishes to sell, any GFIMSA or Gold Fields shares, it must first offer to sell them to Gold Fields. The Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement became unconditional following the advance of the Mvela Loan to GFIMSA on March 17, 2004.
On December 11, 2003, Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Mvela Gold, First Rand Bank Limited, Gold Fields Australia Pty Limited, or Gold Fields Australia, and Gold Fields Guernsey Limited, or Gold Fields Guernsey (which was reincorporated and renamed during fiscal 2006 as Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited), entered into a loan agreement, or the Mvela Loan Agreement, pursuant to which Mvela Gold advanced a loan of Rand 4,139 million, or the Mvela Loan, to GFIMSA on March 17, 2004. GFIMSA applied the loan toward funding its acquisition of Gold Fields South African mining operations and certain ancillary assets and operations as part of the internal restructuring of Gold Fields.
The Mvela Loan was funded by way of commercial bank debt of approximately Rand 1,300 million and mezzanine finance of approximately Rand 1,100 million, with the balance of approximately Rand 1,700 million being raised by way of an international private placement of shares of Mvela Resources. In connection with the mezzanine finance, Gold Fields subscribed for preference shares in an amount of Rand 200 million in Micawber 325 (Proprietary) Limited, or Micawber, a special-purpose entity established by the mezzanine lenders. Further, Gold Fields subscribed for 4,350,000 ordinary shares of Mvela Resources which were issued by Mvela Resources in the private placements for consideration of Rand 100 million. In order to facilitate the private placement, Mvela Resources proposed a scheme of arrangement, or the Scheme, between itself and the holders of its linked units. The effect of the Scheme, which became operative on November 24, 2003, was that each linked unit holder received two ordinary shares of Mvela Resources for each linked unit held. In order to maintain the same number of listed instruments in issue after the implementation of the Scheme, Mvela Resources consolidated its ordinary share capital on a two for one basis. As a result, the net effect of the Scheme and the
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share consolidation is that Gold Fields has 1,275,349 options to acquire the same number of ordinary shares of Mvela Resources issued in connection with the Exploration Arrangement. In addition, pursuant to an agreement entered into on February 13, 2004, or the PIC Agreement, Gold Fields has effectively guaranteed a loan of Rand 150 million. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesCash ResourcesInvesting and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit FacilitiesMvela Loan.
On February 13, 2004, the Mvela Loan Agreement was amended, principally in order to add and clarify certain definitions.
On November 17, 2004, GFLMSL, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources and GFIMSA entered into an agreement, referred to in this discussion as the Amendment Agreement, amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including, among others, the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement and the Covenants Agreement. The agreements were amended to provide, among other things, that Mvela Resources may acquire a minimum of 45,000,000 and a maximum of 55,000,000 Gold Fields shares should it elect to exchange its equity interest in the South African assets for Gold Fields shares.
During the first half of fiscal 2007, Mvela Holdings (Proprietary) Limited, or Mvela Holdings, the parent company of Mvela Resources, entered into various agreements in terms of which the status quo regarding the shareholding in Mvela Resources as of the date of the Mvelaphanda Transaction was restored by Mvela Holdings once again having a direct interest in the issued share capital of Mvela Resources. On July 17, 2006, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others entered into an agreement further amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including, among others, the Covenants Agreement and the sponsor support, guarantee and retention agreement, or the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement, dated February 13, 2004, among Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, Mvela Gold, Micawber and FirstRand Bank Limited. In accordance with the revised agreements, Mvela Holdings undertook to remain an HDSA company, to retain beneficial ownership of no less than 26% of the issued equity share capital of Mvela Resources, to have board control of Mvela Resources (together with other HDSAs) and to retain management control of Mvela Resources pursuant to a written management agreement.
On March 30, 2007, Mvela Resources executed and, on April 26, 2007, amended, an agreement between, among others, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, Lazarus Zim and Afripalm Resources (Proprietary) Limited, or Afripalm, an HDSA company formed by Lazarus Zim, in terms of which the parties, among other things, agreed as follows:
| Afripalm will subscribe for shares in Mvela Resources to acquire economic and voting interests in Mvela Resources of approximately 19.3% and 31%, respectively. As a result of this acquisition, the economic and voting interests of Mvela Holdings, the other major HDSA shareholder in Mvela Resources, will be approximately 22.9% and 19.6%, respectively. As a result of the increase in the broad-based HDSA voting control of Mvela Resources to more than 50%, Mvela Resources will thus be an HDSA controlled company; and |
| the management agreement between Mvela Resources and Mvela Holdings, in terms of which the latter managed the day-to-day operations of Mvela Resources, was cancelled. |
Simultaneously, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others entered into an agreement on March 30, 2007 further amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including, among others, the Covenants Agreement and the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement. In accordance with the revised agreements, Mvela Holdings and Afripalm (and certain of its subsidiaries) undertook jointly (i) to remain HDSA companies, (ii) to retain beneficial ownership of no less than 26% of the issued equity share capital of Mvela Resources, (iii) to retain voting control over no less than 50% of the issued equity share capital of Mvela Resources, and (iv) to have board control of Mvela Resources (together with other HDSAs).
215
On August 24, 2007, the Mvela Loan Agreement was amended, principally in order to bring certain financial covenants in line with the financial covenants set out in the Split-tenor Facility (and its predecessors).
On March 17, 2008, Gold Fields, GFLMSL, Mvela Resources, GFIMSA and Mvela Gold entered into an agreement in terms of which the parties agreed that the number of ordinary shares of Gold Fields which Mvela Gold will receive if either Gold Fields or Mvela Gold exercises the right to require the exchange of Mvela Golds GFIMSA shares for ordinary shares of Gold Fields (as contemplated in the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement), will be 50 million Gold Fields shares.
On March 27, 2008, Mvela Resources obtained the consent of the Company, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others under the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement to enter into a proposed transaction with Anglo Platinum Limited, or APL, and Northam Platinum Limited, or Northam, in terms of which Mvela Resources will purchase approximately 53.1 million Northam shares from APLs subsidiaries and will advance shareholder loans to, and become the holder of the entire issued share capital of, Micawber 278 (Proprietary) Limited, or M278, which owns APLs indirect 50% beneficial interest in the Booysendal Platinum Project. In addition, Mvela Resources will sell all its indirect shareholdings in M278 to Northam in exchange for 121 million new Northam shares.
In addition, this agreement effectively replaced the Mvela Holdings guarantee set out in the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement with a guarantee by Nedbank Limited for the due and punctual payment and performance by Mvela Resources of its obligations under the guarantee provided by Mvela Resources under the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement.
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsOverviewGeneralMvelaphanda Transaction.
Rand Refinery
GFLMSL, as agent for GFIMSA, has an agreement with Rand Refinery Limited, or Rand Refinery, in which Gold Fields holds a 34.9% interest, providing for the refining of substantially all of Gold Fields South African gold production by Rand Refinery. Prior to October 1, 2004, GFLMSL acted as agent for Rand Refinery to sell up to 50% of Gold Fields South African production. However, since October 1, 2004, Gold Fields has sold the gold produced from its South African operations itself. Gold Fields Ghana Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana, and Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso, are each party to agreements with Rand Refinery to transport, refine and sell substantially all of the gold production from the Tarkwa and Damang mines entered into in June 2003. Nicholas J. Holland, who is the Chief Executive Officer and a Director of Gold Fields, was a Director of Rand Refinery from July 12, 2000 until September 30, 2008. He remains an alternate Director. As a Director of GFLMSL, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields, Mr. Holland declared his interest in the contract between Rand Refinery and GFLMSL, pursuant to South African requirements, and did not participate in the decision of Rand Refinery to enter into the agreement with GFLMSL, Gold Fields Ghana or Abosso. Mr. Holland signed the agreement with Rand Refinery on behalf of GFLMSL. See Information on the CompanyDescription of Mining BusinessRefining and Marketing for further details regarding these arrangements.
New Africa Mining Fund
John Hopwood, a non-executive director of Gold Fields, is a trustee of the New Africa Mining Fund and is the chairman of the New Africa Mining Fund Investment Committee. Gold Fields has been instrumental in the formation of the New Africa Mining Fund and is a significant investor in the fund. As at June 30, 2008, Gold Fields had contributed a net amount of U.S.$3.9 million to the New Africa Mining Fund and had provided a commitment to fund U.S.$6.3 million. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsContractual obligations and commitments as at June 30, 2008.
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Absa Credit Facilities
Gill Marcus, a non-executive director of Gold Fields, is the chairman of Absa Group Limited and Absa Bank Limited. Gold Fields currently has a R500 million 364-day revolving credit facility and a R1 billion 364-day revolving credit facility, with Absa Capital, a division of ABSA Bank Limited. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit Facilities.
Bateman Engineering
Richard P. Menell, a non-executive director of Gold Fields, is the chairman of Bateman Engineering BV, or Bateman Engineering.
On October 2, 2008, Gold Fields entered into an agreement with Bateman Engineering, to sell its Biox® Technology Business to Bateman Engineering for a net cash consideration of U.S.$8.8 million. The transaction is conditional, among other things, upon the approval of the South African Reserve Bank. See Information on the CompanyRecent Developments.
Gold Fields believes that the above transactions with related parties have been conducted on terms at least as favorable to it as arms length terms.
None of the directors or officers of Gold Fields or any associate of such director or officer is currently or has been at any time during the past three fiscal years materially indebted to Gold Fields.
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Reference is made to Item 18 for a list of all financial statements filed as part of this annual report. For information on legal proceedings please refer to Information on the Company above.
The following table sets forth the dividends announced and paid per share in respect of Gold Fields ordinary shares for the periods indicated:
Year ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009(1) | |||||||||||||||||||
($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | ($) | (R) | |||||||||||||
Prior years final dividend |
0.13 | 1.00 | 0.06 | 0.40 | 0.06 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 1.10 | 0.13 | 0.95 | 0.16 | 1.20 | ||||||||||||
Interim dividend |
0.06 | 0.40 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.07 | 0.40 | 0.13 | 0.90 | 0.09 | 0.65 | | | ||||||||||||
Total dividend |
0.19 | 1.40 | 0.11 | 0.70 | 0.13 | 0.80 | 0.28 | 2.00 | 0.22 | 1.60 | 0.16 | 1.20 | ||||||||||||
Note:
(1) | A final dividend was announced on August 1, 2008 and paid on August 25, 2008. |
Gold Fields dividend policy is to declare an interim and final dividend in respect of each financial year based on 50% of the earnings for the year before taking account of investment opportunities. Earnings are adjusted to exclude unrealized gains and losses on financial instruments and foreign debt, but actual cash flows on maturity of financial instruments are included in the determination of adjusted earnings.
Please refer to Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsRecent Developments.
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The principal non-United States trading market for the ordinary shares of Gold Fields is the JSE Limited, or JSE, on which they trade under the symbol GFI. The ordinary shares of Gold Fields are also listed on the SWX Swiss Exchange. On October 1, 2007, Gold Fields delisted its ordinary shares from the Premier Marché of Euronext Paris and on October 22, 2007, delisted its ordinary shares from the Official List of the UK Listing Authority and the London Stock Exchange. Gold Fields International Depositary Shares are listed on Euronext Brussels. As of June 30, 2008, 15,667 record holders of Gold Fields ordinary shares, holding an aggregate of 140,551,842 ordinary shares (21.50%), were listed as having addresses in South Africa. As of June 30, 2008, 151 record holders of Gold Fields ordinary shares, holding an aggregate of 410,401,988 ordinary shares (62.81%) were listed as having addresses in the United States.
Gold Fields American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, currently trade in the United States on The New York Stock Exchange under the symbol GFI. The American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, representing the ADSs are issued by The Bank of New York, as Depositary. Each ADS represents one ordinary share. Gold Fields ADRs are also listed on the Dubai International Financial Exchange.
The tables below show the high and low closing prices in Rand and the average daily volume of trading activity on the JSE for Gold Fields ordinary shares for the last five fiscal years.
The following table sets out ordinary share trading information on a yearly basis for the last five fiscal years, as reported by I-Net Bridge (Proprietary) Limited, or I-Net Bridge, a South African financial information service:
Ordinary share price | Average daily trading volume (number of ordinary shares) | |||||
Year ended June 30, |
High | Low | ||||
(Rand per ordinary share) | ||||||
2004 |
110.40 | 65.02 | 1,787,830 | |||
2005 |
94.02 | 55.09 | 1,485,099 | |||
2006 |
162.00 | 69.01 | 2,067,115 | |||
2007 |
173.80 | 109.40 | 2,580,019 | |||
2008 |
135.00 | 87.01 | 2,900,832 | |||
2009 (through October 31, 2008) |
102.00 | 54.00 | 3,270,447 |
The following table sets out ordinary share trading information on a quarterly basis for the periods indicated, as reported by I-Net Bridge:
Ordinary share price | Average daily trading volume (number of ordinary shares) | |||||
Quarter ended |
High | Low | ||||
(Rand per ordinary share) | ||||||
September 30, 2006 |
173.80 | 126.11 | 1,875,952 | |||
December 31, 2006 |
143.25 | 119.40 | 2,200,535 | |||
March 31, 2007 |
134.99 | 117.00 | 3,302,577 | |||
June 30, 2007 |
142.00 | 109.40 | 2,952,847 | |||
September 30, 2007 |
128.75 | 103.45 | 2,973,176 | |||
December 31, 2007 |
127.79 | 93.58 | 2,376,850 | |||
March 31, 2008 |
135.00 | 100.50 | 3,450,315 | |||
June 30, 2008 |
118.50 | 87.01 | 2,751,270 | |||
September 30, 2008 |
102.00 | 58.10 | 2,934,183 |
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The following table sets out ordinary share trading information on a monthly basis for each of the last six months, as reported by I-Net Bridge:
Ordinary share price | Average daily trading volume (number of ordinary shares) | |||||
Month ended |
High | Low | ||||
(Rand per ordinary share) | ||||||
May 31, 2008 |
108.70 | 97.75 | 2,431,524 | |||
June 30, 2008 |
99.50 | 87.01 | 2,898,839 | |||
July 31, 2008 |
102.00 | 85.70 | 2,730,505 | |||
August 31, 2008 |
79.00 | 66.00 | 2,747,811 | |||
September 30, 2008 |
80.50 | 58.10 | 3,343,632 | |||
October 31, 2008 |
86.55 | 54.00 | 4,220,757 |
On October 31, 2008, the closing price of the ordinary shares on the JSE was R69.00.
New York Stock Exchange Trading History
The tables below show the high and low closing prices in U.S. dollars and the average daily volume of trading activity on The New York Stock Exchange for the last five fiscal years.
The following table sets out ordinary share trading information on a yearly basis for the last five fiscal years, as reported by Bloomberg:
ADS price | Average daily trading volume (number of ADSs) | |||||
Year ended June 30, |
High | Low | ||||
($ per ADS) | ||||||
2004 |
15.12 | 9.93 | 1,894,518 | |||
2005 |
14.94 | 9.25 | 1,557,127 | |||
2006 |
26.33 | 10.69 | 2,289,061 | |||
2007 |
24.10 | 15.63 | 3,141,519 | |||
2008 |
19.13 | 10.88 | 6,368,692 | |||
2009 (through October 31, 2008) |
13.15 | 4.90 | 8,274,753 |
The following table sets out ADS trading information on a quarterly basis for the periods indicated, as reported by Bloomberg:
ADS price | Average daily trading volume (number of ADSs) | |||||
Quarter ended |
High | Low | ||||
($ per ADS) | ||||||
September 30, 2006 |
24.10 | 17.32 | 2,158,352 | |||
December 31, 2006 |
19.42 | 16.50 | 2,874,951 | |||
March 31, 2007 |
18.72 | 16.22 | 3,871,203 | |||
June 30, 2007 |
20.08 | 15.63 | 3,684,734 | |||
September 30, 2007 |
18.33 | 13.67 | 5,143,061 | |||
December 31, 2007 |
19.13 | 13.61 | 5,632,441 | |||
March 31, 2008 |
17.61 | 13.22 | 8,938,902 | |||
June 30, 2008 |
15.11 | 10.88 | 5,861,693 | |||
September 30, 2008 |
13.15 | 7.16 | 7,774,018 |
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The following table sets out ADS trading information on a monthly basis for each of the last six months, as reported by Bloomberg:
ADS price | Average daily trading volume (number of ADSs) | |||||
Month ended |
High | Low | ||||
($ per ADS) | ||||||
May 31, 2008 |
14.19 | 12.90 | 5,602,063 | |||
June 30, 2008 |
12.88 | 10.88 | 6,157,946 | |||
July 31, 2008 |
13.15 | 11.81 | 5,676,702 | |||
August 31, 2008 |
10.25 | 8.65 | 8,429,397 | |||
September 30, 2008 |
9.72 | 7.16 | 9,315,827 | |||
October 31, 2008 |
9.69 | 4.90 | 9,668,102 |
On October 31, 2008, the closing price of Gold Fields ADSs quoted on The New York Stock Exchange was $6.65.
The JSE was formed in 1887. The JSE provides facilities for the buying and selling of a wide range of securities, including equity and corporate debt securities and warrants in respect of securities, as well as Krugerrands.
The JSE is a self-regulating organization operating under the ultimate supervision of the Ministry of Finance, through the Financial Services Board and its representative, the Registrar of Stock Exchanges. Following the introduction of the Stock Exchanges Control Amendment Act No. 54 of 1995, or the Stock Exchange Act, which provides the statutory framework for the deregulation of the JSE, the JSEs rules were amended with effect from November 8, 1995. These amendments removed the restrictions on corporate membership and allowed stockbrokers to form limited liability corporate entities. Members were, for the first time, also required to keep client funds in trust accounts separate from members own funds. Further rules to complete the deregulation of the JSE, as envisaged by the Stock Exchange Act, were promulgated during 1996 to permit members of the JSE to trade either as agents or as principals in any transaction in equities and to allow members to negotiate freely the brokerage commissions payable on agency transactions in equities. With effect from 1996, screen trading commenced on the JSE. The Securities Services Act No 36 of 2004 came into effect on January 18, 2005. This act consolidates and amends the laws relating to the regulation and control of exchanges and securities trading, the regulation and control of central securities depositories and the custody and administration of securities and the prohibition of insider trading.
The market capitalization of companies listed on the JSE was approximately Rand 4.42 trillion as of October 31, 2008. The actual float available for public trading is significantly smaller than the aggregate market capitalization because of the large number of long-term holdings by listed holding companies in listed subsidiaries and associates, the existence of listed pyramid companies and cross-holdings between listed companies. Liquidity on the JSE (measured by reference to the total market value of securities traded as a percentage of the total market capitalization) was 44.9% for 2007. Trading is concentrated in a small, but growing, number of companies. As of October 31, 2008, there were 428 listed companies on the JSE.
South Africa was included in the Morgan Stanley Capital International Emerging Markets Free Index and the International Finance Corporation Investable Index in March and April 1995, respectively. South Africa has a significant representation in these emerging market indices.
The JSE has established a project named Share Transactions Totally Electronic, or STRATE, which has involved the dematerialization of share certificates in a central securities depositary and the introduction of contractual, rolling, electronic settlement in order to increase the speed, certainty and efficiency of settlement and to fall into line with international practice. Gold Fields joined STRATE on October 1, 2001. Investors are given the choice of either holding their securities in dematerialized form in the central securities depositary or retaining their share certificates. Shareholders who elect to retain their share certificates are not able to trade their shares on the JSE, although they may trade their shares off-market. Settlement of dematerialized shares traded electronically on the JSE is made five days after each trade (T+5).
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ITEM 10: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Gold Fields is a public company registered in South Africa under the Companies Act No. 61 of 1973, or the Companies Act, which limits the liability of its shareholders, and is governed by its Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association and the provisions of the Companies Act. Gold Fields registration number is 1968/004880/06. Section 3 of Gold Fields Memorandum of Association provides that its objectives are, among other things: (1) to purchase, lease or otherwise acquire mines, mineral and other properties, lands, farms and hereditaments, (2) to buy, sell, refine and deal in bullion, specie, coin and precious metals and (3) to carry on any mining and metallurgical operation which may seem conducive to any of Gold Fields objectives.
Dividends and Payments to Shareholders
Gold Fields may make payments (including the payment of dividends) to its shareholders from time to time in accordance with provisions of the Companies Act and the requirements of the JSE and Gold Fields Articles of Association. The Companies Act prohibits a payment (including the payment of any dividend) to a companys shareholders if there are reasonable grounds for believing that:
| the company is, or would be after the payment, unable to pay its debts as they become due; or |
| the consolidated assets of the company fairly valued would, after the payment, be less than the consolidated liabilities of the company. |
Subject to the above requirements, the shareholders of Gold Fields in a general meeting or the directors may from time to time declare a dividend or any other payment to be paid to shareholders and to the holders of share warrants (if any) in proportion to the number of shares held by them.
All unclaimed dividends or other payments to shareholders may be invested or otherwise be made use of by the directors for the benefit of Gold Fields until claimed, provided that any dividend or bonus or other payment to shareholders remaining unclaimed for a period of not less than three years from the date on which it became payable may be forfeited by resolution of the directors for the benefit of Gold Fields.
Voting Rights
Every shareholder of Gold Fields, or representative of a shareholder, who is present at a shareholders meeting has one vote on a show of hands, regardless of the number of shares he holds or represents or number of shareholders he represents, unless a poll is demanded. Every Gold Fields shareholder is, on a poll, entitled to one vote per ordinary share held. A poll may be demanded by any person entitled to vote at the meeting. Neither the Companies Act nor Gold Fields Articles of Association provide for cumulative voting.
A shareholder is entitled to appoint a proxy to attend, speak and vote at any meeting on his or her behalf. The proxy need not be a shareholder.
Issue of Additional Shares and Pre-emptive Rights
Shareholder approval is required for any issuance of additional shares. Shareholders may either convey a general or specific authority to directors to issue shares. A general authority is valid until the earlier of the next annual general meeting and 15 months after the authority was granted.
The JSE and Gold Fields Articles of Association require that any new issue of equity shares by Gold Fields must first be offered to existing shareholders in proportion to their shareholding in the company unless, among other things, the issuance to new shareholders is:
| pursuant to a shareholder approved employee share incentive scheme; |
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| for the acquisition of an asset, provided that, if the issue is more than 30% of the companys issued share capital, a simple majority of shareholders must vote in favor of the acquisition; |
| to raise cash through a general issuance in the discretion of the directors to the general public (but not to related parties) of up to 15% of the issued share capital in any one fiscal year at an issue price with a discount not exceeding 10% of the 30 business day weighted average trading price prior to the date the application is made to the JSE to list the shares provided that a 75% majority of votes cast by shareholders at a general meeting must approve the granting of such authority to the directors; or |
| to raise cash through a specific issuance of shares for cash, provided that a 75% majority of shareholders, other than controlling shareholders, votes in favor of the resolution to issue the shares at a general meeting. |
Transfer of Shares
The transfer of any Gold Fields certificated share will be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act using the then common form of transfer. Dematerialized shares which have been traded on the JSE are transferred on the STRATE system and delivered five business days after each trade. The transferor of any share is deemed to remain the holder of that share until the name of the transferee is entered in Gold Fields register for that share. Since Gold Fields shares are traded through STRATE, only shares which have been dematerialized may be traded on the JSE. Accordingly, Gold Fields shareholders who hold shares in certificated form will need to dematerialize their shares in order to trade on the JSE.
Disclosure of Interest in Shares
Under South African law, a registered holder of Gold Fields shares who is not the beneficial owner of such shares is required to disclose every three months to Gold Fields the identity of the beneficial owner and the number and class of securities held on behalf of the beneficial owner. Moreover, Gold Fields may, by notice in writing, require a person who is a registered shareholder, or whom Gold Fields knows or has reasonable cause to believe has a beneficial interest in Gold Fields ordinary shares, to confirm or deny whether or not such person holds the ordinary shares or beneficial interest and, if the ordinary shares are held for another person, to disclose to Gold Fields the identity of the person on whose behalf the ordinary shares are held. Gold Fields may also require the person to give particulars of the extent of the beneficial interest held during the three years preceding the date of the notice. Gold Fields is obligated to establish and maintain a register of the disclosures described above and to publish in its annual financial statements a list of the persons who hold beneficial interest equal to or in excess of 5% of the total number of ordinary shares issued by Gold Fields together with the extent of those beneficial interests.
General Meetings of Shareholders
The directors may convene general meetings of Gold Fields shareholders and a general meeting may also be convened on a requisition by shareholders made pursuant to the Companies Act. Gold Fields is obligated to hold an annual general meeting for each fiscal year within nine months of the end of each fiscal year and prior to 15 months after the date of the last annual general meeting.
Annual general meetings and meetings calling for the passage of a special resolution require 21 days notice in writing of the place, day and time of the meeting to shareholders. Any other general meeting of Gold Fields shareholders requires at least 14 days notice in writing to shareholders.
Business may be transacted at any meeting of shareholders only while a quorum of shareholders is present. Three shareholders present personally or by representative and entitled to vote constitutes a quorum for a general meeting and an annual general meeting.
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The annual general meeting deals with and disposes of all matters prescribed by Gold Fields Articles of Association and by the Companies Act, including:
| the consideration of the audited financial statements and report of the independent accountants; and |
| the election of directors. |
Annual Report and Accounts
Gold Fields is required to keep the accounting records and books of accounts as are necessary to present the state of affairs of the company and to explain the financial position of the company as prescribed by the Companies Act. No shareholder (who is not a director of Gold Fields) has the right to inspect any account or book or document of Gold Fields, except as conferred by the Companies Act or authorized by the directors or by a resolution of Gold Fields in general meeting.
The directors of Gold Fields will cause to be prepared annual financial statements and an annual report as required by the Companies Act and the JSE Listing Requirements. Gold Fields will send by mail to the registered address of every shareholder a copy of the annual report and annual financial statements. Not later than three months after the first six months of its financial year, Gold Fields will mail to every shareholder an interim report for the previous six-month period.
Changes in Capital or Objects and Powers of Gold Fields
The Gold Fields shareholders may, by the passing of a special resolution in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act:
| increase Gold Fields authorized share capital; |
| divide all or any part of Gold Fields share capital into shares of larger amount than Gold Fields existing shares or consolidate and reduce the number of the issued no par value shares, if any; |
| subdivide all or any portion of Gold Fields shares into shares of a smaller amount than is fixed by Gold Fields Memorandum of Association; |
| convert all of Gold Fields ordinary or preference share capital from having a par value into shares of no par value; |
| reduce Gold Fields authorized share capital and, if required by law, its issued share capital, stated capital and any capital redemption reserve fund or any share premium account; |
| alter the provisions of Gold Fields Memorandum of Association with respect to the objects and powers of the company; |
| subject to the provisions of the Companies Act or any other South African law governing companies and the requirements of the JSE and any other stock exchange upon which the shares of Gold Fields may be quoted or listed from time to time, allow Gold Fields to acquire shares issued by itself or by its holding company or in any subsidiary of its holding company from time to time, and provided that: |
| the directors may resolve that any return of capital made to all or any shareholders whose registered addresses are outside South Africa will, subject to any exchange control regulations then in force, be paid in such other currencies as may be stipulated by the directors. The directors may also stipulate the date for converting Rand to those currencies and the provisional rate of exchange, provided that the date for conversion must be within a period of 30 days prior to the date of payment; and |
| all unclaimed amounts due as a result of a reduction of capital or any consolidation or subdivision of capital may be invested or otherwise made use of by the directors for the benefit of Gold Fields until claimed. |
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Variation of Rights
All or any of the rights, privileges or conditions attached to Gold Fields ordinary shares may be varied by a special resolution of Gold Fields passed in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act.
Distribution of Assets on Liquidation
In the event of a voluntary or compulsory liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the assets remaining after payment of all the debts and liabilities of Gold Fields, including the costs of liquidation, shall be dealt with by a liquidator who may, with the sanction of a special resolution, among other things, divide among the shareholders any part of the assets of Gold Fields, and may vest any part of the assets of Gold Fields as the liquidator deems fit in trustees for the benefit of shareholders. The division of assets is not required to be done in accordance with the legal rights of shareholders of Gold Fields. In particular, any class may be given preferential or special rights or may be partly or fully excluded.
Purchase of Shares
The Companies Act permits the establishment of share incentive trusts for the purpose of purchasing shares of a company for the benefit of its employees, including salaried directors. These share incentive trusts are permitted to extend loans to company employees, other than non-salaried directors, for the purpose of purchasing or subscribing for shares of the company.
Gold Fields may, if authorized by special resolution, acquire its own shares; provided that there are no reasonable grounds for believing that Gold Fields is or would be, after the payment, unable to pay its debts or that Gold Fields consolidated assets would, after the payment, be less than its consolidated liabilities. The procedure for acquisition of shares by Gold Fields is regulated by its Articles of Association, the Companies Act and the Listings Requirements of the JSE.
Borrowing Powers
The directors may exercise all the powers of Gold Fields to borrow money and to give all or any part of its property as security and to issue debentures or debenture stock (whether secured or unsecured) and other securities (with such special privileges, if any, as to allotment of shares or stock, attending and voting at general meetings, appointment of directors or otherwise as may be sanctioned by a general meeting) whether outright or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of Gold Fields or of any third party. Gold Fields has unlimited borrowing powers.
Non-South African Shareholders
There are no limitations imposed by South African law or by the Articles of Association of Gold Fields on the rights of non-South African shareholders to hold or vote Gold Fields ordinary shares.
Rights of Minority Shareholders and Directors Duties
Majority shareholders of South African companies have no fiduciary obligations under South African common law to minority shareholders. However, under the Companies Act, a shareholder may, under certain circumstances, seek relief from the court if he has been unfairly prejudiced by the company. There may also be common law personal actions available to a shareholder of a company.
In South Africa, the common law imposes on directors duties to, among other things, act with care, skill and diligence and to conduct the companys affairs honestly and in the best interests of the company.
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Material Contracts
Mvelaphanda Transaction
On March 8, 2004, the shareholders of Gold Fields approved a series of transactions, referred to in this discussion as the Mvelaphanda Transaction, involving the acquisition by Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, or Mvela Resources, of a 15% beneficial interest in the South African gold mining assets of Gold Fields for cash consideration of Rand 4,139 million. In connection with the Mvelaphanda Transaction:
| on July 25, 2003, Beatrix Mining Ventures Limited, or Beatrix, Driefontein Consolidated (Proprietary) Limited, or Driefontein, Kloof Gold Mining Company Limited, or Kloof, GFL Mining Services Limited, or GFLMSL, Gold Fields and Newshelf 706 Limited, or GFIMSA, entered into a reorganization agreement, or the Reorganization Agreement, pursuant to which each of the Driefontein, Kloof and Beatrix mining operations was transferred to a new, wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields; |
| on November 26, 2003, Gold Fields, Mvela Resources, Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, or Mvela Gold, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mvela Resources, and GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, or GFIMSA, entered into a covenants agreement, or the Covenants Agreement, regulating their rights and obligations with respect to GFIMSA; |
| on December 11, 2003, Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Mvela Gold, First Rand Bank Limited, Gold Fields Australia Pty Limited and Gold Fields Guernsey entered into a loan agreement, or the Mvela Loan Agreement, pursuant to which Mvela Gold advanced a loan of Rand 4,139 million, or the Mvela Loan, to GFIMSA on March 17, 2004; |
| on December 11, 2003, Gold Fields, GFIMSA, and Mvela Gold entered into a subscription and share exchange agreement, or the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which, upon repayment of the Mvela Loan, Mvela Gold must subscribe for shares equal to 15% of GFIMSAs outstanding share capital, including newly issued shares, for consideration of Rand 4,139 million; |
| on February 12, 2004, Beatrix, Kloof, Driefontein, GFLMSL, Gold Fields and GFIMSA entered into Addendum Number 1 to the Reorganization Agreement pursuant to which the remainder of the South African gold mining businesses and related assets of Gold Fields were transferred to GFIMSA; |
| on February 13, 2004 Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Mvela Gold, First Rand Bank Limited, Gold Fields Australia Pty Limited and Gold Fields Guernsey entered into an addendum to the Mvela Loan Agreement, principally in order to add and clarify certain definitions; |
| on February 13, 2004, Gold Fields, GFLMSL and the Public Investment Corporation, or the PIC, entered into a put option agreement pursuant to which Gold Fields has effectively guaranteed a loan of Rand 150 million from the PIC to a special-purpose entity established by the mezzanine lenders that funded, in part, the Mvela Loan; |
| on November 17, 2004, Gold Fields, GFLMSL, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources and GFIMSA entered into an agreement amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including, among others, the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement and the Covenants Agreement; |
| on November 17, 2004, Gold Fields, GFLMSL, Mvela Gold, Gold Fields Australia, Gold Fields Guernsey, First Rand Bank Limited and GFIMSA entered into a second addendum to the Mvela Loan Agreement; |
| on July 17, 2006, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others entered into an agreement further amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including, among others, the Covenants Agreement and the sponsor support, guarantee and retention agreement, or the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement, dated February 13, 2004, among Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, Mvela Gold, Micawber 325 (Proprietary) Limited, or Micawber, and FirstRand Bank Limited; |
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| on March 30, 2007, Mvela Resources executed and, on April 26, 2007, further amended, an agreement between, among others, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, Lazarus Zim and Afripalm Resources (Proprietary) Limited, an HDSA company formed by Lazarus Zim; |
| on March 30, 2007, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Mvela Resources, Mvela Holdings, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others entered into an agreement further amending the existing agreements relating to the Mvelaphanda Transaction, including, among others, the Covenants Agreement and the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement; |
| on August 24, 2007, Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Gold Fields Australia, Gold Fields Holding Company (BVI) Limited (formerly, Gold Fields Guernsey), First Rand Bank Limited and GFIMSA entered into a third addendum to the Mvela Loan Agreement; |
| on March 17, 2008, Gold Fields, GFLMSL, Mvela Resources, GFIMSA and Mvela Gold entered into an agreement in terms of which the parties agreed that the number of ordinary shares of Gold Fields which Mvela Gold will receive if either Gold Fields or Mvela Gold exercises the right to require the exchange of Mvela Golds GFIMSA shares for ordinary shares of Gold Fields (as contemplated in the Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement), will be 50 million Gold Fields shares. |
| On March 27, 2008, Mvela Resources obtained the consent of the Company, GFIMSA, GFLMSL and others under the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement to enter into a proposed transaction with Anglo Platinum Limited, or APL, and Northam Platinum Limited, or Northam, in terms of which Mvela Resources will purchase approximately 53.1 million Northam shares from APLs subsidiaries and will advance shareholder loans to, and become the holder of the entire issued share capital of, Micawber 278 (Proprietary) Limited, or M278, which owns APLs indirect 50% beneficial interest in the Booysendal Platinum Project. In addition, Mvela Resources will sell all its indirect shareholdings in M278 to Northam in exchange for 121 million new Northam shares. |
In addition, this agreement effectively replaced the Mvela Holdings guarantee set out in the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement with a guarantee by Nedbank Limited for the due and punctual payment and performance by Mvela Resources of its obligations under the guarantee provided by Mvela Resources under the Sponsor Support, Guarantee and Retention Agreement.
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsOverviewGeneralMvelaphanda Transaction and Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsRelated Party TransactionsMvelaphanda.
Arctic Platinum Project
On October 18, 2005, Gold Fields announced that it had entered into a letter of intent with North American Palladium Limited, or NAP, a Canadian platinum metals group producer, to form a joint venture to further explore mining properties and develop a mine at the APP.
On March 24, 2006, an Acquisition and Framework Agreement, or Acquisition Agreement, was entered into between NAP, Gold Fields Exploration BV, Gold Fields Finland Oy and North American Palladium Finland Oy. The Acquisition Agreement took effect from April 13, 2006 and, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Acquisition Agreement, a Service Agreement was also entered into between Gold Fields Arctic Platinum Oy, NAP and North American Palladium Arctic Services Oy on March 24, 2006, pursuant to which NAP provided services to the APP.
The Acquisition Agreement provided that NAP was granted an option to acquire up to a 60% undivided interest in the APP, including the Suhanko, SJ Reef and SK Reef mining properties and claims located south of Rovaniemi, Finland.
On September 10, 2008, NAP declined to exercise its right to acquire 60% of the APP. Therefore, the APP has reverted to Gold Fields.
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See Information on the CompanyExplorationGold Fields Greenfields Exploration ProjectsArctic Platinum Project.
Cerro Corona Facility
On November 14, 2006, Gold Fields La Cima S.A. (formerly known as Sociedad Minera La Cima S.A.), or La Cima, entered into a U.S.$150 million project finance facility agreement with The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., The Bank of Nova Scotia, The Bank of Nova Scotia Trust Company of New York, Scotiabank Peru S.A.A and other financial institutions, as set out in the agreement. As of the date of this annual report, the facility is fully drawn.
See Information on the CompanyGold Fields Mining OperationsDevelopment ProjectsCerro Corona Development Project and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit FacilitiesCerro Corona Facility.
GFIMSA Facility
In connection with the acquisition of BGSA and Western Areas, GFIMSA entered into a U.S.$1.8 billion credit facility with Citibank, N.A. London Branch, J.P. Morgan Plc, J.P. Morgan Europe Limited and other financial institutions as set out in the agreement, on November 24, 2006. Borrowings under the facility were guaranteed by Gold Fields, Gold Fields Holdings and Gold Fields Orogen Holding (BVI) Limited, or Orogen. This facility was repaid in full during fiscal 2007.
See Information on the CompanyHistory and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit FacilitiesAcquisition of South Deep.
Preference Share Subscription Agreement
On December 24, 2007, Rand Merchant Bank, a division of FirstRand Bank Limited, or RMB, subscribed for 100 non-convertible redeemable preference shares in the issued share capital of Gold Fields at an aggregate subscription price of R1.2 billion ($172 million at the exchange rate in effect on the date of issuance).
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit FacilitiesPreference shares.
R500 million Revolving Credit Facility
On August 21, 2007, GFIMSA entered into a R500 million 364-day revolving credit facility, or the Absa 1 Facility, with Absa Capital (a division of Absa Bank Limited). Borrowings under this facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields. On August 24, 2007, R250 million was drawn down under this facility. On December 28, 2007, GFIMSA drew down on the balance available of R250 million. On August 19, 2008, the total amount of R500 million borrowed under the facility was repaid. On September 22, 2008, this facility was renegotiated as a short term facility expiring on October 21, 2008. With effect from November 11, 2008, this facility was renegotiated as a 364 day facility, expiring on November 10, 2009.
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit FacilitiesR500 million Revolving Credit Facility.
Spit-tenor Revolving Credit Facility
On May 16, 2007, GFIMSA, Orogen and Western Areas entered into a U.S.$750.0 million split-tenor revolving credit facility, or the Split-tenor Facility, with lead lenders Barclays Bank Plc and ABN Amro N.V. The Split-tenor Facility consists of a U.S.$250 million 364-day revolving tranche (Facility A) and a U.S.$500 million five-year revolving tranche (Facility B). The amount drawn down under the Split-tenor Facility as of the date of this annual report is U.S.$512 million (U.S.$250 million under Facility A and U.S.$262 million under Facility B).
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See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit FacilitiesSplit-tenor Revolving Credit Facility.
Sale of Essakane Project
On November 26, 2007, Gold Fields sold its 60% stake in the Essakane project to Orezone. Gold Fields received U.S.$150 million in cash and 41,666,667 common shares of Orezone having an aggregate subscription price of U.S.$50 million, which were issued to Gold Fields wholly-owned subsidiary Gold Fields Essakane (BVI) Limited. Following the acquisition, Gold Fields owns 41,666,667 common shares of Orezone, representing 12.2% of Orezones issued and outstanding common shares.
Sale of Choco 10
On November 30, 2007, Gold Fields disposed of its assets in Venezuela to Rusoro Mining Ltd., or Rusoro, for a total consideration of U.S.$413 million, comprising U.S.$180 million in cash and 140 million newly-issued Rusoro shares, which at the time of sale represented approximately 37% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro and currently represents 36.2% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro. Pursuant to the transaction, Rusoro acquired Gold Fields stake in the Choco 10 gold mine, as well as the contiguous mineral rights owned by Gold Fields.
R1,000 million Short Term Revolving Credit Facility
On January 31, 2008, GFIMSA, Gold Fields Operations Limited, Orogen, and GFL Mining Services Limited entered into a R1 billion 364-day revolving credit facility, or the ABSA 2 Facility, with Absa Capital, a division of Absa Bank Limited. On August 5, 2008, R500 million was drawn down under this facility. On August 19, 2008, a further R500 million was drawn down under this facility.
See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit FacilitiesR1,000 million Short Term Revolving Credit Facility.
Management and Other Compensatory Plans and Arrangements
Gold Fields share plan, the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, was approved by the shareholders on November 17, 2005 and is available to its executive officers and other employees. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan.
Gold Fields shareholders also approved on November 17, 2005 a new share plan available to its non-executive directors. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan.
Gold Fields share option scheme, the GF Management Incentive Scheme, was adopted on November 10, 1999 and is available to its executive officers and other employees. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe GF Management Incentive Scheme.
Gold Fields also has a share option plan available to its non-executive directors. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesThe GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan.
In fiscal 2008, Ian D. Cockerill, Gold Fields former Chief Executive Officer and a former executive director of Gold Fields, was party to three employment agreements: one with Gold Fields Ghana Holdings Limited, one with Orogen and one with GFL Mining Services Ltd., or GFLMSL.
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In fiscal 2008, Nicholas J. Holland, Gold Fields Chief Executive Officer and an executive director of Gold Fields, was party to three employment agreements: one with Gold Fields Ghana Holdings, one with Orogen, and one with GFLMSL. In fiscal 2008, Terence P. Goodlace, Gold Fields Chief Operating Officer and an executive director of Gold Fields from May 1, 2008 until his resignation with effect from October 15, 2008, was party to one employment agreement with GFIMSA. See Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesExecutive Directors Terms of Employment.
Deposit Agreement
Gold Fields has an American Depositary Receipt facility. In connection with this facility, Gold Fields is party to a Deposit Agreement, dated as of February 2, 1998, as amended and restated as of May 21, 2002 among Gold Fields, The Bank of New York, as Depositary, and all owners and holders from time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder.
This summary is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Deposit Agreement, including the form of ADRs attached thereto. Terms used in this section and not otherwise defined will have the meanings set forth in the Deposit Agreement. Copies of the Deposit Agreement are available for inspection at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286. The Depositarys principal executive office is located at One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286.
American Depositary Receipts
Each Gold Fields ADS represents ownership interests in one Gold Fields ordinary share and the rights attributable to one Gold Fields ordinary share that Gold Fields will deposit with one of the custodians, which currently are Standard Bank of South Africa, Absa Bank Limited, French Bank of South Africa, First National Bank of South Africa and Nedcor Bank Limited. Each Gold Fields ADR also represents securities, cash or other property deposited with The Bank of New York but not distributed to holders of Gold Fields ADRs.
As The Bank of New York will actually be the holder of the underlying ordinary shares, Gold Fields will not treat you as one of its shareholders. As a holder of ADSs, you will have ADR holder rights. A Deposit Agreement among Gold Fields, The Bank of New York and you, as a Gold Fields ADR holder, sets out the ADR holders rights and obligations of The Bank of New York, as depositary. New York state law governs the Deposit Agreement and the ADRs evidencing the Gold Fields ADSs.
You may hold ADRs either directly or indirectly through your broker or financial institution. If you hold ADRs directly, you are an ADR holder. This description assumes you hold your ADRs directly. If you hold the ADRs indirectly, you must rely on the procedures of your broker or financial institution to assert the rights of ADR holders described in this section. You should consult with your broker or financial institution to find out what those procedures are.
Share Dividends and Other Distributions
How will you receive dividends and other distributions on the ordinary shares?
The Bank of New York will pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on the ordinary shares or other deposited securities, after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of ordinary shares your Gold Fields ADSs represent.
Cash:
The Bank of New York will convert any cash dividend or distribution Gold Fields pays on the ordinary shares, other than any dividend or distribution paid in U.S. dollars, into U.S. dollars. If that is not possible on a reasonable basis, or if any approval from any government is needed and cannot be obtained, the Deposit Agreement allows The Bank of New York to distribute the foreign currency only to those ADS holders to whom it is possible to do so or to hold the foreign currency it cannot convert for the account of the ADS holders who have not been paid. It will not invest the foreign currency and it will not be liable for any interest.
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Before making a distribution, The Bank of New York will deduct any withholding taxes that must be paid under applicable laws. It will distribute only whole U.S. dollars and U.S. cents and will round any fractional amounts to the nearest whole cent. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when The Bank of New York cannot convert the foreign currency, you may lose some or all of the value of the distribution.
Ordinary shares:
The Bank of New York will distribute new ADRs representing any ordinary shares Gold Fields distributes as a dividend or free distribution, if Gold Fields requests that The Bank of New York make this distribution and if Gold Fields furnishes The Bank of New York promptly with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. The Bank of New York will only distribute whole ADRs. It will sell ordinary shares which would require it to issue a fractional ADS and distribute the net proceeds to the holders entitled to those ordinary shares. If The Bank of New York does not distribute additional cash or ADSs, each ADS will also represent the new ordinary shares.
Right to purchase additional ordinary shares:
If Gold Fields offers holders of securities any rights, including rights to subscribe for additional ordinary shares, The Bank of New York may take actions necessary to make these rights available to you. Gold Fields must first instruct The Bank of New York to do so and furnish it with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. If Gold Fields does not furnish this evidence and/or give these instructions, and The Bank of New York determines that it is practical to sell the rights, The Bank of New York may sell the rights and allocate the net proceeds to holders accounts. The Bank of New York may allow rights that are not distributed or sold to lapse. In that case, you will receive no value for them.
If The Bank of New York makes rights available to you, upon instruction from you it will exercise the rights and purchase the ordinary shares on your behalf. The Bank of New York will then deposit the ordinary shares and deliver ADSs to you. It will only exercise rights if you pay The Bank of New York the exercise price and any charges the rights require you to pay. U.S. securities laws may restrict the sale, deposit, cancellation and transfer of the ADSs issued after exercise of rights. In this case, The Bank of New York may deliver the ADSs under a separate restricted deposit agreement, which will contain the same provisions as the Deposit Agreement, except for changes needed to put the restrictions in place. The Bank of New York will not offer you rights unless those rights and the securities to which the rights relate are either exempt from registration or have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 with respect to a distribution to you.
Other distributions:
The Bank of New York will send to you anything else Gold Fields distributes on deposited securities by any means The Bank of New York thinks is legal, fair and practical. If it cannot make the distribution in that way, The Bank of New York may decide to sell what Gold Fields distributedfor example by public or private sale and distribute the net proceeds, in the same way as it does with cash, or it may decide to hold what Gold Fields distributed, in which case the ADRs will also represent the newly distributed property.
The Bank of New York is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any ADR holder. Gold Fields will have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, ordinary shares, rights or anything else to ADS holders. This means that you may not receive the distribution Gold Fields makes on its ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical for Gold Fields to make them available to you.
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Deposit, Withdrawal and Cancellation
How does the Depositary issue ADSs?
The Bank of New York will deliver the ADSs that you are entitled to receive in the offer against deposit of the underlying ordinary shares. The Bank of New York will deliver additional ADSs if you or your broker deposit ordinary shares with the custodian. You must also deliver evidence satisfactory to The Bank of New York of any necessary approvals of the governmental agency in South Africa, if any, which is responsible for regulating currency exchange at that time. If required by The Bank of New York, you must in addition deliver an agreement transferring your rights as a shareholder to receive dividends or other property. Upon payment of its fees and of any taxes or charges, The Bank of New York will register the appropriate number of ADSs in the names you request and will deliver the ADRs at its Corporate Trust Office to the persons you request.
How do ADS holders cancel an ADS and obtain ordinary shares?
You may submit a written request to withdraw ordinary shares and turn in your ADRs evidencing your ADSs at the Corporate Trust Office of The Bank of New York. Upon payment of its fees and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes, The Bank of New York will deliver the deposited securities underlying the ADSs to an account designated by you at the office of the custodian. At your request, risk and expense, The Bank of New York may deliver at its Corporate Trust Office any dividends or distributions with respect to the deposited securities represented by the ADSs, or any proceeds from the sale of any dividends, distributions or rights, which may be held by The Bank of New York.
Record Dates
Whenever any distribution of cash or rights, change in the number of ordinary shares represented by ADSs or notice of a meeting of holders of ordinary shares or ADSs is made, The Bank of New York will fix a record date for the determination of the owners entitled to receive the benefits, rights or notice.
Voting of Deposited Securities
How do you vote?
If you are an ADS holder on a record date fixed by The Bank of New York, you may exercise the voting rights of the same class of securities as the ordinary shares represented by your ADSs, but only if Gold Fields asks The Bank of New York to ask for your instructions. Otherwise, you will not be able to exercise your right to vote unless you withdraw the ordinary shares.
However, you may not know about the meeting enough in advance to withdraw the ordinary shares. If Gold Fields asks for your instructions, The Bank of New York will notify you of the upcoming meeting and arrange to deliver certain materials to you. The materials will: (1) include all information included with the meeting notice sent by Gold Fields to The Bank of New York, (2) explain how you may instruct The Bank of New York to vote the ordinary shares or other deposited securities underlying your ADSs as you direct if you vote by mail or by proxy and (3) include a voting instruction card and any other information required under South African law that Gold Fields and The Bank of New York will prepare. For instructions to be valid, The Bank of New York must receive them on or before the date specified in the instructions. The Bank of New York will try, to the extent practical, subject to applicable law and the provisions of the by-laws of Gold Fields, to vote or have its agents vote the underlying shares as you instruct. The Bank of New York will only vote, or attempt to vote, as you instruct. However, if The Bank of New York does not receive your voting instructions, it will give a proxy to vote your ordinary shares to a designated representative of Gold Fields, unless Gold Fields informs The Bank of New York that either: (1) it does not want the proxy issued, (2) substantial opposition exists or (3) the matter materially and adversely affects the rights of holders of ordinary shares.
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Gold Fields cannot assure that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct The Bank of New York to vote your ordinary shares. In addition, The Bank of New York and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and there may be nothing you can do if your ordinary shares are not voted as you requested.
Inspection of Transfer Books
The Bank of New York will keep books for the registration and transfer of ADRs. These books will be open at all reasonable times for inspection by you, provided that you are inspecting the books for a purpose related to Gold Fields or the Deposit Agreement or the ADRs.
Reports and Other Communications
The Bank of New York will make available for your inspection at its Corporate Trust Office any reports or communications, including any proxy material, received from Gold Fields, as long as these materials are received by The Bank of New York as the holder of the deposited securities and generally available to Gold Fields shareholders. At Gold Fields written request, The Bank of New York will also send copies of reports, notices and communications to you.
Fees and Expenses
The Bank of New York, as Depositary, will charge any party depositing or withdrawing ordinary shares or any party surrendering ADRs or to whom ADRs are issued:
For: |
Gold Fields ADS holders must pay: | |
each issuance of a Gold Fields ADS, including as a result of a distribution of ordinary shares or rights or other property or upon exercise of a warrant to purchase an ADS |
$5.00 or less per 100 Gold Fields ADSs or portion thereof | |
each distribution of securities distributed to holders of Gold Fields ordinary shares which are distributed by The Bank of New York to Gold Fields ADR holders |
any fees that would be payable if the securities had been ordinary shares and those ordinary shares had been deposited for the issuance of ADSs | |
each cancellation of a Gold Fields ADS, including if the Deposit Agreement terminates |
$5.00 or less per 100 Gold Fields ADSs or portion thereof | |
each cash distribution pursuant to the Deposit Agreement |
not more than $0.02 per ADS (or portion thereof) | |
annual depositary services |
not more than $0.02 per ADS (or portion thereof) paid annually, provided that this fee will not be charged if the $0.02 fee for cash distributions described above was charged during the calendar year | |
transfer and registration of ordinary shares on the Gold Fields share register from your name to the name The Bank of New York or its agent when you deposit or withdraw ordinary shares |
registration or transfer fees | |
conversion of foreign currency to U.S. dollars |
expenses of The Bank of New York | |
cable, telex and facsimile transmission expenses, if expressly provided in the Deposit Agreement |
expenses of The Bank of New York | |
as necessary |
certain taxes and governmental charges The Bank of New York or the custodian has to pay on any Gold Fields ADS or ordinary share underlying a Gold Fields ADS |
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Payment of Taxes
You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on your ADRs or on the deposited securities underlying your ADRs. The Bank of New York may deduct the amount of any taxes owed from any payments to you. It may also restrict or refuse the transfer of your Gold Fields ADSs or restrict or refuse the withdrawal of your underlying deposited securities until you pay any taxes owed on your Gold Fields ADSs or underlying securities. It may also sell deposited securities to pay any taxes owed. You will remain liable if the proceeds of the sale are not enough to pay the taxes. If The Bank of New York sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of Gold Fields ADSs held by you to reflect the sale and pay to you any proceeds, or send to you any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes.
Reclassifications, Recapitalizations and Mergers
If Gold Fields:
| changes the par value of any of the Gold Fields ordinary shares; |
| reclassifies, splits or consolidates any of the Gold Fields ordinary shares; |
| distributes securities on any of the Gold Fields ordinary shares that are not distributed to you; or |
| recapitalizes, reorganizes, merges, consolidates, sells its assets, or takes any similar action, then: |
the cash, ordinary shares or other securities received by The Bank of New York will become new deposited securities under the Deposit Agreement, and each Gold Fields ADS will automatically represent the right to receive a proportional interest in the new deposited securities; and The Bank of New York may and will, if Gold Fields asks it to, distribute some or all of the cash, ordinary shares or other securities it received. It may also issue new Gold Fields ADSs or ask you to surrender your outstanding Gold Fields ADSs in exchange for new Gold Fields ADSs identifying the new deposited securities.
Amendment and Termination of the Deposit Agreement
How may the Deposit Agreement be amended?
Gold Fields may agree with The Bank of New York to amend the Deposit Agreement and the Gold Fields ADRs without your consent for any reason. If the amendment adds or increases fees or charges, except for taxes and governmental charges, or prejudices an important right of Gold Fields ADS holders, it will only become effective 30 days after The Bank of New York notifies you of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, you are considered, by continuing to hold your ADSs, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the agreement as amended. However, no amendment will impair your right to receive the deposited securities in exchange for your Gold Fields ADSs.
How may the Deposit Agreement be terminated?
The Bank of New York will terminate the Deposit Agreement if Gold Fields asks it to do so, in which case it must notify you at least 30 days before termination. The Bank of New York may also terminate the agreement after notifying you if The Bank of New York informs Gold Fields that it would like to resign and Gold Fields does not appoint a new depositary bank within 90 days.
If any Gold Fields ADSs remain outstanding after termination, The Bank of New York will stop registering the transfer of Gold Fields ADSs, will stop distributing dividends to Gold Fields ADS holders, and will not give any further notices or do anything else under the Deposit Agreement other than:
| collect dividends and distributions on the deposited securities; |
| sell rights and other property offered to holders of deposited securities; and |
| deliver ordinary shares and other deposited securities upon cancellation of Gold Fields ADSs. |
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At any time after one year after termination of the Deposit Agreement, The Bank of New York may sell any remaining deposited securities by public or private sale. After that, The Bank of New York will hold the money it received on the sale, as well as any cash it is holding under the Deposit Agreement, for the pro rata benefit of the Gold Fields ADS holders that have not surrendered their Gold Fields ADSs. It will not invest the money and has no liability for interest. The Bank of New Yorks only obligations will be to account for the money and cash. After termination, Gold Fields only obligations will be with respect to indemnification of, and to pay specified amounts to, The Bank of New York.
Your Right to Receive the Ordinary Shares Underlying Your Gold Fields ADSs
You have the right to cancel your Gold Fields ADSs and withdraw the underlying ordinary shares at any time except:
| due to temporary delays caused by The Bank of New York or Gold Fields closing its transfer books, the transfer of ordinary shares being blocked in connection with voting at a shareholders meeting, or Gold Fields paying dividends; |
| when you or other ADR holders seeking to withdraw ordinary shares owe money to pay fees, taxes and similar charges; or |
| when it is necessary to prohibit withdrawals in order to comply with any laws or governmental regulations that apply to Gold Fields ADSs or to the withdrawal of ordinary shares or other deposited securities. |
This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any provision of the Deposit Agreement.
Limitations on Obligations and Liability to Gold Fields ADS Holders
The Deposit Agreement expressly limits the obligations of Gold Fields and The Bank of New York. It also limits the liability of Gold Fields and The Bank of New York. Gold Fields and The Bank of New York:
| are only obligated to take the actions specifically set forth in the Deposit Agreement without negligence or bad faith; |
| are not liable if either of them is prevented or delayed by law, any provision of the Gold Fields by-laws or circumstances beyond their control, from performing their obligations under the agreement; |
| are not liable if either of them exercises, or fails to exercise, discretion permitted under the agreement; |
| have no obligation to become involved in a lawsuit or proceeding related to the ADSs or the Deposit Agreement on your behalf or on behalf of any other party unless they are indemnified to their satisfaction; and |
| may rely upon any advice of or information from any legal counsel, accountants, any person depositing ordinary shares, any Gold Fields ADS holder or any other person whom they believe in good faith is competent to give them that advice or information. |
In the Deposit Agreement, Gold Fields and The Bank of New York agree to indemnify each other under specified circumstances.
Requirements for Depositary Actions
Before The Bank of New York will deliver or register the transfer of a Gold Fields ADS, make a distribution on a Gold Fields ADS, or permit withdrawal of ordinary shares, The Bank of New York may require:
| payment of taxes, including stock transfer taxes or other governmental charges, and transfer or registration fees charged by third parties for the transfer of any ordinary shares or other deposited securities, as well as the fees and expenses of The Bank of New York; |
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| production of satisfactory proof of the identity of the person presenting ordinary shares for deposit or Gold Fields ADSs upon withdrawal, and of the genuineness of any signature; and |
| compliance with regulations The Bank of New York may establish consistent with the Deposit Agreement, including presentation of transfer documents. |
The Bank of New York may refuse to deliver, transfer, or register transfer of Gold Fields ADSs generally when the transfer books of The Bank of New York are closed or at any time if The Bank of New York or Gold Fields thinks it advisable to do so.
Pre-Release of Gold Fields ADSs
In certain circumstances, subject to the provisions of the Deposit Agreement, The Bank of New York may deliver Gold Fields ADSs before deposit of the underlying ordinary shares. This is called a pre-release of Gold Fields ADSs. The Bank of New York may also deliver ordinary shares prior to the receipt and cancellation of pre-released Gold Fields ADSs (even if those Gold Fields ADSs are cancelled before the pre-release transaction has been closed out). A pre-release is closed out as soon as the underlying ordinary shares are delivered to The Bank of New York. The Bank of New York may receive Gold Fields ADSs instead of the ordinary shares to close out a pre-release. The Bank of New York may pre-release Gold Fields ADSs only under the following conditions:
| before or at the time of the pre-release, the person to whom the pre-release is being made must represent to The Bank of New York in writing that it or its customer, as the case may be, owns the ordinary shares or Gold Fields ADSs to be deposited; |
| the pre-release must be fully collateralized with cash or collateral that The Bank of New York considers appropriate; and |
| The Bank of New York must be able to close out the pre-release on not more than five business days notice. |
The pre-release will be subject to whatever indemnities and credit regulations The Bank of New York considers appropriate. In addition, The Bank of New York will limit the number of Gold Fields ADSs that may be outstanding at any time as a result of pre-release.
Governing Law
The Deposit Agreement is governed by the law of the State of New York.
South African Exchange Control Limitations Affecting Security Holders
The discussion below relates to exchange controls in force as of the date of this annual report. These controls are subject to change at any time without notice. It is not possible to predict whether existing exchange controls will be abolished, continued or amended by the South African government in the future. Investors are urged to consult a professional adviser as to the exchange control implications of their particular investments.
Acquisitions of shares or assets of South African companies by non-South African purchasers solely for cash consideration will generally be permitted by the SARB pursuant to South African exchange control regulations. An acquisition of shares or assets of a South African company by a non-South African purchaser may be refused by SARB in other circumstances, such as if the consideration for the acquisition is shares in a non-South African company or if the acquisition is financed by a loan from a South African lender. Denial of SARB approval for an acquisition of shares or assets of a South African company may result in the transaction not being completed. Subject to this limitation, there are no restrictions on equity investments in South African companies and a foreign investor may invest freely in the ordinary shares and ADSs of Gold Fields.
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There are no exchange control restrictions on the remittance in full of dividends declared out of trading profits to non-residents of the Common Monetary Area (comprising South Africa, the Kingdoms of Lesotho and Swaziland and the Republic of Namibia) by Gold Fields.
Under South African exchange control regulations, the ordinary shares and ADSs of Gold Fields are freely transferable outside South Africa between persons who are not residents of the Common Monetary Area. Additionally, where ordinary shares are sold on the JSE on behalf of shareholders of Gold Fields who are not residents of the Common Monetary Area, the proceeds of such sales will be freely exchangeable into foreign currency and remittable to them. Any share certificates held by non-resident Gold Fields shareholders will be endorsed with the words non-resident. The same endorsement, however, will not be applicable to ADSs of Gold Fields held by non-resident shareholders.
Certain South African Tax Considerations
The discussion in this section sets forth the material South African tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs under current South African law. Changes in the law may alter the tax treatment of Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs, possibly on a retroactive basis.
The following summary is not a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase, own or dispose of Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs and does not cover tax consequences that depend upon your particular tax circumstances. In particular, the following summary addresses tax consequences for holders of ordinary shares or ADSs who are not residents of, or who do not carry on business in, South Africa and who hold ordinary shares or ADSs as capital assets (that is, for investment purposes). For the purposes of the income tax treaty between South Africa and the United States, and South African tax law, a United States resident that owns Gold Fields ADSs will be treated as the owner of the Gold Fields ordinary shares represented by such ADSs. Gold Fields recommends that you consult your own tax adviser about the consequences of holding Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs, as applicable, in your particular situation.
Withholding tax on dividends
Under South African law, no withholding tax applies to, and no other tax is payable by, shareholders or ADS holders on dividends paid to non-resident shareholders or non-resident ADS holders. It should be noted that the planned introduction in 2009 of a 10% withholding tax on dividends declared by South African resident companies to non-resident shareholders or non-resident ADS holders is generally permissible under the terms of a reciprocal tax treaty entered into between South Africa and the United States, or the Treaty; provided that the Treaty generally limits the withholding tax to 5% of the gross amount of the dividends if the beneficial owner of the shares is a company holding directly at least 10% of the voting stock of the company paying the dividends and to 15% of the gross amount of the dividends in all other cases. South Africa imposes a corporate tax known as a secondary tax on companies, or STC, on the distribution of earnings in the form of dividends on the company declaring the dividend. STC is a recognized form of tax in terms of the double taxation convention between South Africa and the United States, but does not constitute a withholding tax on dividends. With effect from October 1, 2007, the rate of STC was reduced to 10% (previously, it was 12.5%). STC will be abolished in 2009 once the withholding tax on dividends is introduced.
Income tax and capital gains tax
Non-resident holders of ordinary shares or ADSs will not be subject to income or capital gains tax in South Africa, with respect to the disposal of those ordinary shares or ADSs, unless the non-resident carried on business through a permanent establishment in South Africa, and the profits are realized in the ordinary course of that business.
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Stamp duty and uncertificated securities tax
No stamp duty or uncertificated securities tax is payable in South Africa by the company in respect of the issue of certificated or dematerialized shares.
On a subsequent registration of transfer of shares, stamp duty is generally payable for off-market transactions (that is, shares not sold through the JSE) and uncertificated securities tax, or UST, is generally payable for on-market transactions (that is, shares sold through the JSE in a dematerialized form), each at 0.25% of the market value of the shares concerned. Stamp duty is payable in South Africa regardless of whether the transfer is executed within or outside South Africa. A transfer of a dematerialized share can only occur in South Africa.
There are certain exceptions to the payment of stamp duty where, for example, the instrument of transfer is executed outside South Africa and registration of transfer is effected in any branch register kept by the relevant company, subject to certain provisions set forth in the South African Stamp Duties Act of 1968. Although technically under the terms of current legislation it could be interpreted that transfers of ADSs between non-residents of South Africa could attract either stamp duty or UST, such transfers have not to date attracted either stamp duty or UST. However, if securities are withdrawn from the deposit facility or the relevant deposit agreement is terminated, either stamp duty or UST will be payable on the subsequent transfer of the shares. An acquisition of shares from the depositary in exchange for ADSs representing the relevant underlying securities will also render an investor liable to pay South African stamp duty or UST in South Africa at the same rate as stamp duty or UST on a subsequent transfer of shares, upon the registration of the investor as the holder of the applicable shares on the companys register.
Stamp duties on transfers of shares and UST have been replaced by a uniform securities transfer tax at the rate of 0.25% of the market value of the securities concerned.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH TREASURY DEPARTMENT CIRCULAR 230, HOLDERS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT: (A) ANY DISCUSSION OF FEDERAL TAX ISSUES IN THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT INTENDED OR WRITTEN TO BE RELIED UPON, AND CANNOT BE RELIED UPON, BY HOLDERS FOR THE PURPOSE OF AVOIDING PENALTIES THAT MAY BE IMPOSED ON HOLDERS UNDER THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE; (B) SUCH DISCUSSION IS INCLUDED HEREIN BY GOLD FIELDS IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROMOTION OR MARKETING (WITHIN THE MEANING OF CIRCULAR 230) BY GOLD FIELDS OF THE TRANSACTIONS OR MATTERS ADDRESSED HEREIN; AND (C) HOLDERS SHOULD SEEK ADVICE BASED ON THEIR PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES FROM AN INDEPENDENT TAX ADVISER.
The following discussion summarizes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of ordinary shares and ADSs. This summary applies to you only if you are a beneficial owner of ordinary shares or ADSs and you are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
| a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| a corporation created or organized under the laws of the United States or any State within the United States; or |
| otherwise subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the ordinary shares or ADSs. |
The U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in a partnership that holds ordinary shares or ADSs will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partnership, you should consult your tax adviser concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences to your partners of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs by you.
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This summary only applies to holders that hold ordinary shares or ADSs as capital assets. This summary is based upon:
| the current tax laws of the United States, including the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; |
| current U.S. Internal Revenue Service practice and applicable U.S. court decisions; and |
| the income tax treaty between the United States and South Africa. |
This summary assumes that the obligations of the Depositary under the Deposit Agreement and any related agreements will be performed in accordance with their terms.
The following summary is of a general nature and does not address all U.S. federal income tax consequences that may be relevant to you in light of your particular situation. For example, this summary does not apply to:
| investors that own (directly or indirectly) 10% or more of Gold Fields voting stock; |
| financial institutions; |
| insurance companies; |
| investors liable for the alternative minimum tax; |
| individual retirement accounts and other tax-deferred accounts; |
| tax-exempt organizations; |
| dealers in securities or currencies; |
| investors that hold ordinary shares or ADSs as part of straddles, hedging transactions or conversion transactions for U.S. federal income tax purposes; or |
| investors whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. |
This summary assumes that Gold Fields is not, and will not become, a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which it believes to be the case. Gold Fields possible status as a PFIC must be determined annually and therefore may be subject to change. However, based on Gold Fields current assets and income, and assuming that Gold Fields will continue to operate its business in the same manner as it has in the past, management believes that there is no material risk that Gold Fields will become a PFIC in the future. If Gold Fields were to be a PFIC in any year in which you held Gold Fields ordinary shares or ADSs, materially adverse consequences would result for you.
The summary of U.S. federal income tax consequences set out below is for general information only. You are urged to consult your tax advisers as to the particular tax consequences to you of acquiring, owning and disposing of the ordinary shares or ADSs, including the applicability and effect of state, local, foreign and other tax laws and possible changes in tax law.
U.S. Holders of ADSs
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, an owner of ADSs will be treated as the owner of the corresponding number of underlying ordinary shares held by the depositary for the ADSs, and references to ordinary shares in the following discussion refer also to ADSs representing the ordinary shares.
Taxation of Dividends
Distributions paid out of Gold Fields current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) will generally be taxable to you as foreign source dividend income, and will not be eligible for the dividends received with the deduction allowed to corporations. Distributions that exceed Gold
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Fields current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of your basis in the ordinary shares and thereafter as capital gain. However, we do not maintain calculations of our earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax accounting principles. You should therefore assume that any distribution by us with respect to the shares will constitute ordinary dividend income. You should consult your own tax advisers with respect to the appropriate U.S. federal income tax treatment of any distribution received from us. For purposes of determining limitations on any foreign tax credits, dividends paid by Gold Fields will generally constitute passive income.
For taxable years that begin before 2011, dividends paid by Gold Fields will be taxable to shareholders that are individuals at the special reduced rate normally applicable to capital gains, provided that either Gold Fields qualifies for the benefits of the income tax treaty between the United States and South Africa, or the ADSs are considered to be readily tradable on the NYSE. You will be eligible for this reduced rate only if you are an individual, and have held the ordinary shares for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the amount of any dividend paid in Rand will be included in income in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date the dividends are received by you or the depositary (in the case of ADSs). If you or the depositary, as the case may be, convert dividends received in Rand into U.S. dollars on the day they are received, you generally will not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of this dividend income.
Taxation of a Sale or other Disposition
Your tax basis in an ordinary share will generally be its U.S. dollar cost. The U.S. dollar cost of an ordinary share purchased with foreign currency will generally be the U.S. dollar value of the purchase price on the date of purchase or, in the case of ordinary shares traded on an established securities market, as defined in the applicable Treasury Regulations, that are purchased by a cash basis taxpayer (or an accrual basis taxpayer that so elects), on the settlement date for the purchase. Such an election by an accrual basis taxpayer must be applied consistently from year to year and cannot be revoked without the consent of the IRS.
Upon a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs, other than an exchange of ADSs for ordinary shares and vice versa, you will generally recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes equal to the difference between the amount realized and your adjusted tax basis in the ordinary shares or ADSs. This capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if your holding period in the ordinary shares or ADSs exceeds one year. However, regardless of your actual holding period, any loss may be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent you receive a dividend that qualifies for the reduced rate described above under Taxation of Dividends and also exceeds 10% of your basis in the ordinary shares. Any gain or loss will generally be U.S. source.
The amount realized on a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares for an amount in foreign currency will be the U.S. dollar value of this amount on the date of sale or disposition. On the settlement date, you will recognize U.S. source foreign currency gain or loss (taxable as ordinary income or loss) equal to the difference (if any) between the U.S. dollar value of the amount received based on the exchange rates in effect on the date of sale or other disposition and the settlement date. However, in the case of ordinary shares traded on an established securities market that are sold by a cash basis taxpayer (or an accrual basis taxpayer that so elects), the amount realized will be based on the exchange rate in effect on the settlement date for the sale, and no exchange gain or loss will be recognized at that time.
Foreign currency received on the sale or other disposition of an ordinary share will have a tax basis equal to its U.S. dollar value on the settlement date. Foreign currency that is purchased will generally have a tax basis equal to the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency on the date of purchase. Any gain or loss recognized on a sale or other disposition of a foreign currency (including its use to purchase ordinary shares or upon exchange for U.S. dollars) will be U.S. source ordinary income or loss.
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Deposits and withdrawals of ordinary shares by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Your tax basis in withdrawn ordinary shares will be the same as your tax basis in the ADSs surrendered, and your holding period for the ordinary shares will include the holding period of the ADSs.
To the extent you incur South African stamp duty or uncertified securities tax in connection with a transfer or withdrawal of ordinary shares as described under Certain South African Tax ConsiderationsStamp duty and uncertificated securities tax above, such stamp duty or uncertified securities tax will not be a creditable tax for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Payments of dividends and other proceeds with respect to ordinary shares or ADSs by U.S. persons will be reported to you and to the IRS as may be required under applicable regulations. Backup withholding may apply to these payments if you fail to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number or certification of exempt status or fail to report all interest and dividends required to be shown on your U.S. federal income tax returns. Some holders (such as corporations) are not subject to backup withholding. You should consult your tax adviser as to your qualification for an exemption from backup withholding and the procedure for obtaining an exemption.
Gold Fields files annual and special reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. You may read and copy any reports or other information on file at the SECs public reference room at the following location:
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. The SEC filings are also available to the public from commercial document retrieval services. Gold Fields SEC filings may also be obtained electronically via the EDGAR system on the website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.
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ITEM 11: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Gold Fields is exposed to market risks, including foreign currency, commodity price and interest rate risk associated with underlying assets, liabilities and anticipated transactions. Following periodic evaluation of these exposures, Gold Fields may enter into derivative financial instruments to manage some of these exposures. As part of its strategy, however, Gold Fields does not generally hedge against the risk of changes in the price of gold. See Commodity Price SensitivityCommodity Price Hedging Policy.
Gold Fields has policies in areas such as counterparty exposure, hedging practices and prudential limits which have been approved by Gold Fields Board of Directors. Management of financial risk is centralized at Gold Fields treasury department, which acts as the interface between Gold Fields operations and counterparty banks. The treasury department manages financial risk in accordance with the policies and procedures established by the Gold Fields Board of Directors and Executive Committee. Gold Fields Audit Committee has approved dealing limits for money market, foreign exchange and commodity transactions, which Gold Fields treasury department is required to adhere to. Among other restrictions, these limits describe which instruments may be traded and demarcate open position limits for each category as well as indicating counterparty credit- related limits. The dealing exposure and limits are checked and controlled each day and reported to the Chief Financial Officer.
General
In the ordinary course of business, Gold Fields enters into transactions, such as gold sales, denominated in foreign currencies, primarily U.S. dollars. In addition, Gold Fields has investments and indebtedness in U.S. and Australian dollars. Although this exposes Gold Fields to transaction and translation exposure from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, Gold Fields does not generally hedge this exposure, although it may do so in specific circumstances, such as foreign currency commitments, financing projects or acquisitions. Also, Gold Fields on occasion undertakes currency hedging to take advantage of favorable short-term fluctuations in exchange rates when management believes exchange rates are at unsustainably high levels.
Foreign Currency Hedging Experience
Gold Fields currently holds various hedging instruments to protect its exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates, which are described below.
South African Rand Instruments
On January 30, 2007, Gold Fields borrowed $550 million under a $1.8 billion credit facility entered into on November 24, 2006, or the GFIMSA Facility. On May 18, 2007, Gold Fields utilized a portion of a $750 million split-tenor revolving credit facility entered into on May 16, 2007, or the RC Facility, to refinance that borrowing. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities. Substantially all of the $550 million was used to settle the Western Areas Limited, or Western Areas, gold derivative structure. In connection with this borrowing, U.S. dollar/Rand forward cover was purchased during the third quarter of fiscal 2007 in an amount of $550.8 million for settlement August 6, 2007 at an average rate of Rand 7.3279 based on a spot rate of Rand 7.1918 per $1.00. On August 6, 2007, the forward cover was extended to November 6, 2007, at an average rate of Rand 7.1987 based on spot rate of Rand 7.1000 per $1.00. The cover was extended further on November 6, 2007 to December 6, 2007 at an average rate of Rand 6.63148, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.60 per $1.00. In line with the partial repayment of the RC Facility made on December 6, 2007, forward cover of $490 million was extended to March 6, 2008, at an average rate of Rand 6.9118, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.80 per $1.00.
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On December 28, 2007, in line with an amount of $172 million repaid under the facility, the forward cover maturing on March 6, 2008, was reduced to $318 million. In line with the rollover of the corresponding loan, the following extensions on the forward cover of $318 million have taken place:
| Extended on March 6, 2008 to June 6, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.9752 based on a spot rate of Rand 7.8052. |
| Extended on June 6, 2008 to July 7, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.8479, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.7799. |
| Extended on July 7, 2008 to August 7, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.9205, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.8555. |
| Extended on August 7, 2008 to September 8, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.3817, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.3193. |
| Extended on September 8, 2008 to October 8, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.9091, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.8476. |
| Extended on October 8, 2008 to November 10, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 8.7078 based on a spot rate of Rand 8.6343. |
| Extended on November 10, 2008 to December 10, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 9.9586, based on a spot rate of Rand 9.8690. |
On July 27, 2007, Gold Fields made a forward purchase of $40 million to pay future expenses at Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, or Orogen, a 100% owned subsidiary of Gold Fields. The average rate to October 30, 2007 was Rand 7.1884, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.1000. The contract was extended for a further month on October 30, 2007 to November 30, 2007 at an average rate of Rand 6.5399, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.5091. On November 30, 2007, the contract was further extended to January 31, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.0743, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.00. On January 31, 2008 the forward cover of $40 million was extended to April 30, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.3101 based on a spot rate of Rand 7.1650.
On October 4, 2007, Gold Fields made an additional forward purchase of $50 million to hedge foreign currency exposures. The average rate to November 21, 2007 was 6.9949, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.9474. The contract was extended for a further two months on November 21, 2007 to January 22, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 6.7899, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.72. On January 22, 2008 the forward cover was extended to April 22, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.1543 based on a spot rate of Rand 7.0200.
In January 2008, the Board approved the funding of the balance of the budgeted construction expense of the Cerro Corona Project using available US dollar denominated credit facilities. As a result of this decision, the forward cover of $40 million and $50 million was not renewed and expired on April 30, 2008 and April 22, 2008 respectively. This resulted in a profit of $11.4 million.
In August 2008, Gold Fields Ghana made forward purchases totaling A$18.8 million at an average forward rate of A$0.8641 per $1.00, based on a spot rate of A$0.8693 per $1.00, to cover exposure on capital projects. The monthly forward contracts commenced on August 29, 2008 and expire on January 30, 2009.
In August 2008, Gold Fields Ghana made forward purchases totaling R78.1 million at an average forward rate of Rand 7.7495 per $1.00, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.6450 per $1.00, to cover exposure on capital projects. The monthly forward contracts commenced on August 29, 2008 and expire on February 27, 2009.
In addition, in August 2008, Gold Fields Ghana made forward purchases totaling EUR9.6 million at an average forward rate of EUR1.4771 per $1.00, based on a spot rate of EUR1.4799 per $1.00, to cover exposure on capital projects. The monthly forward contracts commenced on August 29, 2008 and expire on October 31, 2008.
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In October 2008, GFIMSA entered into a number of forward exchange contracts to sell $150.0 million of expected gold revenue proceeds. The forward sale was concluded at an average forward rate of R9.1910 per $1.00, with weekly deliveries of $15.0 million starting October 17, 2008, until December 19, 2008. The forward exchange contract due on October 17, 2008, was closed out at a loss of $0.2 million. The following extensions on the weekly forward cover of $15.0 million have taken place:
| Extended on October 24, 2008 to December 19, 2008 at a rate of Rand 11.5695 per $1.00, based on a spot rate of Rand 11.3867 per $1.00. |
| Extended on October 31, 2008 to December 19, 2008 at a rate of Rand 9.6600 per $1.00 based on a spot rate of Rand 9.5420 per $1.00. |
| Extended on November 7, 2008 to December 19, 2008 at a rate of Rand 9.9395 per $1.00 based on a spot rate of Rand 9.8262 per $1.00. |
| Extended on November 14, 2008 to December 19, 2008 at a rate of Rand 10.5575 per $1.00 based on a spot rate of Rand 10.4500 per $1.00. |
In October 2008, the Australian operations entered into a number of forward exchange contracts to sell $70.0 million of expected gold revenue proceeds. The forward sale was concluded at an average forward rate of A$0.7088 per $1.00, with fortnightly deliveries of $14.0 million starting October 22, 2008, until December 17, 2008. The forward exchange contract due on October 22, 2008, was closed out at a loss of U.S.$0.1 million. The forward cover of $14.0 million for November 5, 2008 was extended to December 19, 2008 at a rate of A$0.6732 per $1.00 based on a spot rate of A$0.6750 per $1.00.
On October 13, 2008, the South Deep operation entered into a forward exchange contract to sell $15.0 million of expected insurance proceeds. The average rate to October 21, 2008 was Rand 9.1885 per $1.00. The contract was closed out on receipt of the insurance proceeds.
On October 28, 2008, GFIMSA entered into an additional forward exchange contract to sell $15.0 million of expected gold revenue proceeds. The average rate to December 19, 2008 was Rand 10.6470 per $1.00, based on a spot rate of Rand 10.5100 per $1.00.
On October 29, 2008, the Australian operations entered into an additional forward exchange contract to sell $14.0 million of expected gold revenue proceeds. The average rate to December 19, 2008 A$0.6450 per $1.00, based on a spot rate of A$0.6600 per $1.00.
Realized gains on financial instruments are disclosed in detail under Operating Review and ProspectsResults of OperationsRealized (loss)/gain on financial instruments.
Foreign Currency Contract Position
As of June 30, 2008, Gold Fields foreign currency contract position was as follows:
2008 | ||
$/R forward exchange contracts: |
||
Volume ($ million) |
318.0 | |
$ per R1.00 |
0.1274 |
Foreign Currency Sensitivity Analysis
Gold Fields revenues and costs are very sensitive to the Rand/U.S. dollar exchange rate because revenues are generated using a gold price denominated in U.S. dollars, while costs of the South African operations are incurred principally in Rand. Depreciation of the Rand against the U.S. dollar reduces Gold Fields average costs
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when they are translated into U.S. dollars, thereby increasing the operating margin of the South African operations. Conversely, appreciation of the Rand results in South African operating costs increasing when translated into U.S. dollars, resulting in lower operating margins. The impact on profitability of changes in the value of the Rand against the U.S. dollar can be substantial.
A sensitivity analysis of the mark-to-market valuations of Gold Fields foreign currency contracts as of June 30, 2008 is set forth below.
South African Rand Instruments
$/R(1) exchange rate as of June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sensitivity to $/R exchange rates |
-10.0 | % | -7.5 | % | -5.0 | % | Spot | (2) | +5.0 | % | +7.5 | % | +10.0 | % | |||||||
Mark-to-market forwards ($ million) |
38.8 | 30.8 | 22.9 | 6.9 | (8.9 | ) | (16.9 | ) | (24.8 | ) |
Notes:
(1) | + and - designate the strengthening and weakening of the Rand against the U.S. dollar. |
(2) | Spot rate: $0.1250 = R1.00. |
Weighted average Rand interest rate as of June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sensitivity to Rand interest rates |
(1.5 | )% | (1.0 | )% | (0.5 | )% | Spot | (1) | +0.5 | % | +1.0 | % | +1.5 | % | |||||||
Mark-to-market forwards ($ million) |
6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.1 |
Note:
(1) | Spot Rand interest rate: 11.69% |
Weighted average U.S. dollar interest rate as of June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sensitivity to U.S. dollar interest rates |
(1.5 | )% | (1.0 | )% | (0.5 | )% | Spot | (1) | +0.5 | % | +1.0 | % | +1.5 | % | |||||||
Mark-to-market forwards ($ million) |
7.1 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.8 |
Note:
(1) | Spot U.S. dollar interest rate: 2.69% |
General
Gold
The market price of gold has a significant effect on the results of operations of Gold Fields, the ability of Gold Fields to pay dividends and undertake capital expenditures, and the market price of Gold Fields ordinary shares. Gold prices have historically fluctuated widely and are affected by numerous industry factors over which Gold Fields does not have any control. See Risk FactorsChanges in the market price for gold, and to a lesser extent copper, which in the past have fluctuated widely, affect the profitability of Gold Fields operations and the cash flows generated by those operations and Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsRevenues. The aggregate effect of these factors on the gold price, all of which are beyond the control of Gold Fields, is impossible for Gold Fields to predict.
Oil
The market price of oil has a significant effect on the results of the offshore operations of Gold Fields. The offshore operations consume large quantities of diesel in the running of their mining fleets. Oil prices have historically fluctuated widely and are affected by numerous factors over which Gold Fields does not have any control.
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Commodity Price Hedging Policy
Gold
Generally, Gold Fields does not enter into forward sales, derivatives or other hedging arrangements to establish a price in advance for future gold production. On an exceptional basis, Gold Fields may consider gold hedging arrangements in one or more of the following circumstances:
| to protect cash flows at times of significant capital expenditure; |
| for specific debt-servicing requirements; and |
| to safeguard the viability of higher cost operations. |
See Information on the CompanyStrategyHedging.
To the extent that it enters into commodity hedging arrangements, Gold Fields seeks to use different counterparty banks consisting of local and international banks to spread risk. None of the counterparties is affiliated with, or a related party of, Gold Fields.
Oil
Generally Gold Fields does not enter into derivatives or other hedging arrangements to establish a price in advance for future oil consumption. However, where oil prices are expected to increase in the short to medium term, Gold Fields may consider hedging the oil price in order to protect itself against the adverse cost effects of a material increase in the oil price.
Commodity Price Hedging Experience
Gold
As part of the acquisition of Western Areas, Gold Fields acquired Western Areas gold derivative structure, which consisted of put and call options as well as deferred premium. The Western Areas Limited gold derivative structure was closed out on January 24, 2007, by purchasing 1.005 million ounces of gold, which was the net delta of the structure, at a total cost of $527.8 million, net of maturities scheduled for the end of January 2007, for settlement January 30, 2007.
Oil
On June 8, 2005 Gold Fields Ghana Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana, and Abosso Goldfields Limited, or Abosso, purchased an Asian-style IPE gasoil call option for one year (June 8, 2005 to May 31, 2006) at a strike price of $0.45 per liter for a total of 51.6 million liters, of which two thirds was for Gold Fields Ghana and one-third was for Abosso. The call option resulted in a premium of $1.16 million, paid upfront, at a swap price of $0.46 per liter.
On July 3, 2006, Gold Fields Ghana and Abosso purchased a one-year Asian-style IPE Gasoil call option at a strike price of $0.5716 per liter for a total of 58.8 million liters, of which 42.0 million liters was for Gold Fields Ghana and 16.8 million was for Abosso. The call option resulted in a premium of $2.5 million, paid upfront.
On June 28, 2007, Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited, or Gold Fields Ghana Holdings, purchased a three-month Asian-style IPE gasoil call option at a strike price of $0.56 per liter for a total of 15.0 million liters, of which 10.5 million liters was for Gold Fields Ghana and 4.5 million liters was for Abosso. The call option resulted in a premium of $0.3 million paid upfront.
On August 22, 2007, Gold Fields Ghana Holdings purchased a three-month Asian-style IPE gasoil call option at a strike price of $0.56 per liter for a total of 15.0 million liters, of which 10.5 million liters was for Gold Fields Ghana and 4.5 million liters was for Abosso. The call option resulted in a premium of $0.4 million paid upfront.
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On June 25, 2008, after the Company closed its accounts for fiscal 2008, Gold Fields Ghana Holdings purchased a one year Asian style ICE Gasoil call option in respect of 30 million liters of diesel for the period July 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009 at a strike price of $1.09 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $2.5 million paid upfront.
On June 27, 2008, Gold Fields Ghana Holdings purchased a further one year Asian style ICE Gasoil call option in respect of 30 million liters of diesel for the period July 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009 at a strike price of $1.11 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $3.3 million paid upfront.
On July 21, 2008, Gold Fields Australia (Pty) Ltd purchased a one year Asian Style Singapore 0.5% Gasoil call option in respect of 30 million liters of diesel for the period August 1, 2008 to July 31, 2009 at a strike price of $1.095 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $2.85 million paid upfront.
On August 21, 2008, Gold Fields Ghana Holdings purchased a further two month Asian style ICE Gasoil call option in respect of 10 million liters of diesel for the period July 1, 2009 to August 31, 2009 at a strike price of $0.98 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $1.0 million paid upfront.
On September 18, 2008, Gold Fields Ghana Holdings purchased a further six month Asian style ICE Gasoil call option in respect of 36 million liters of diesel for the period September 1, 2009 to February 28, 2010 at a strike price of $0.90 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $3.6 million paid upfront.
On September 18, 2008, Gold Fields Australia (Pty) Ltd purchased a further six month Asian Style Singapore 0.5% Gasoil call option in respect of 17.5 million liters of diesel for the period August 1, 2009 to February 28, 2010 at a strike price of $0.91 per liter. The call option resulted in a premium of $1.6 million paid upfront.
Commodity Price Contract Position
Oil
As of the end of fiscal 2008, Gold Fields did not have any commodity price hedging contracts outstanding.
General
As of June 30, 2008, Gold Fields long-term indebtedness amounted to $1,327.7 million. Gold Fields generally does not undertake any specific action to cover its exposure to interest rate risk, although it may do so in specific circumstances as in the case of the Mvelaphanda Transaction. Under the Mvela Loan, GFI Mining South Africa Limited, or GFIMSA, pays Mvela Gold interest, semi-annually and at a fixed rate of 10.56% per annum, on $591.3 million (R4,139.0 million). In May 2007, GFIMSA, Orogen and Western Areas obtained the $750 million RC Facility consisting of a $250 million 364-day revolving tranche (Facility A) and a $500 million five-year revolving tranche (Facility B). See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsLiquidity and Capital ResourceCredit FacilitiesSplit-tenor Revolving Credit Facility. On May 21, 2007, Orogen drew down $168 million and Western Areas drew down $50.8 million under Facility A to refinance the $168 million drawn down under the $250 million three-year syndicated term loan originally utilized to fund the Bolivar Gold acquisition in Venezuela and $50.8 million borrowed under the GFIMSA Facility which was originally utilized to retire part of the Western Areas gold derivative structure. On the same date, Western Areas borrowed $500 million under Facility B to refinance that portion of the GFIMSA Facility that was originally utilized to retire the remainder of the Western Areas gold derivative structure and to refinance certain existing working capital loans. On September 25, 2007, Orogen drew down a further $31.1 million under Facility A. On December 6, 2007, Gold Fields utilized the proceeds from the sale of its Essakane exploration project in Burkino Faso and its Choco 10 mine in Venezuela to repay Facility A in its entirety ($250.0 million) and partly repay Facility B ($10.0 million).
On December 31, 2007, Gold Fields utilized the proceeds from the issue of non-convertible preference shares to further repay Facility B by $172.0 million as detailed below, leaving an outstanding balance of
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U.S.$318.0 million at that date. Subsequent to this, Orogen drew down a total of $73.0 million under Facility A on various dates. On April 25, 2008 Gold Fields Operations drew down $177.0 million under Facility A to partly repay the remaining balance under Facility B which entitled Gold Fields to exercise the term out option under Facility A and convert Facility A into a term loan. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit FacilitiesSplit-tenor Revolving Credit Facility. Subsequent to the term out option being exercised, Orogen drew down a further $121.0 million under Facility B and on September 17, 2008, Orogen drew down another $30.0 million.
At June 30, 2008, the amounts outstanding under Facility A and Facility B were $250.0 million and $262.0 million, respectively. Loans under Facility A bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.25% per annum while the loan under Facility B bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.30% per annum.
As of June 30, 2008, Gold Fields La Cima S.A. had drawn down the full $150.0 million under the $150 million project finance facility entered into on November 14, 2006. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.45% per annum up to the financial completion date as defined in the agreement.
On December 24, 2007, Gold Fields issued Rand 1,200 million ($172.0 million at the exchange rate in effect on the date of issuance) million of non-convertible redeemable preference shares to Rand Merchant Bank, a division of First Rand Bank Limited. The dividend rate payable is a floating rate that increases from 22% up to 61% of the South African prime lending rate quoted by FirstRand Bank Limited, or the Prime Rate, over the life of the Preference Shares. In certain circumstances, the dividend rate increases to 61% of the Prime Rate in the event the Preference Shares are redeemed before their scheduled maturity date and the dividend rate is also subject to adjustment in the case of a change in law or regulation. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCredit FacilitiesPreference Shares and Additional InformationMaterial ContractsPreference Share Subscription Agreement. On October 10, 2008, Rand 600 million of the R1,200 million preference shares was repaid with an attributable dividend of R23.2 million ($63.5 million of principal and $2.5 million of dividend at the exchange rate in effect on that date).
On August 21, 2007, GFIMSA entered into a Rand 500 million ($68.8 million) 364-day revolving credit facility, or the ABSA 1 Facility, with ABSA Capital, a division of ABSA Bank Limited. The ABSA 1 Facility was used for general corporate purposes and bore interest at Johannesburg Interbank Agreed Rate, or JIBAR, plus a margin of 0.70% per annum. Borrowings under the ABSA 1 Facility were guaranteed by Gold Fields Limited. The ABSA 1 Facility expired on August 19, 2008. On September 22, 2008, this facility was renegotiated as a short term facility expiring on October 21, 2008. With effect from November 11, 2008, this facility was renegotiated as a 364-day facility, expiring on November 10, 2009. This facility bears interest at JIBAR plus a margin of 1.20% per annum. As of the date of this annual report, nothing has been drawn down under the renegotiated facility.
On January 31, 2008, GFIMSA, Gold Fields Operations, Orogen and GFL Mining Services Limited entered into a Rand 1.0 billion ($137.6 million) 364-day revolving credit facility, or the ABSA 2 Facility, with ABSA Capital. The ABSA 2 Facility is to be used for capital expenditure in respect of gold mining projects and general corporate and working capital requirements. Borrowings under the ABSA 2 Facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields Limited, Gold Fields Holdings, Gold Fields Operations, Orogen and GFIMSA and bears interest at JIBAR plus 0.70% per annum. Gold Fields will pay a quarterly commitment fee of 0.15% per annum on any undrawn amounts under the ABSA 2 Facility.
During fiscal 2008, Gold Fields utilized the ABSA 1 Facility and the ABSA 2 Facility together with certain other uncommitted loan facilities to fund the capital expenditure and working capital requirements of the South African operations. The total of Rand 1,260.2 million ($173.3 million) borrowed under the combination of these loan facilities was repaid in total during fiscal 2008. Subsequent to year end Rand 500 million was drawn down on the ABSA 1 Facility and fully repaid on August 19, 2008. Also subsequent to year end Rand 1,000 million was drawn down on the ABSA 2 Facility. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities.
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Also during fiscal 2008, Gold Fields made both borrowings and repayments under a number of uncommitted credit facilities with local South African banks. These borrowings bore interest at a mixture of rates based on both JIBAR and the South African prime interest rate.
Interest Rate Hedging Experience
In connection with the Mvela Loan, GFIMSA entered into two interest rate swaps. These swaps were closed out on June 30, 2005 so that Gold Fields currently pays interest on the Mvela Loan at the fixed rate set forth above. Gold Fields realized mark-to-market gain on the swap of $36.2 million and interest rate credits of $14.8 million, giving a total gain of $51.0 million. Of the $36.2 million realized mark-to-market gain, $0.8 million was accounted for in fiscal 2005, $9.2 million was recognized in fiscal 2006, $8.2 million was recognized in fiscal 2007, $8.1 million was recognized in fiscal 2008 and the balance of $9.9 million will be accounted for in fiscal 2009. Of the $14.8 million in interest rate credits, $12.9 million was accounted for in fiscal 2005 and the balance of $1.9 million was accounted for in fiscal 2004.
Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis
The portion of Gold Fields interest bearing debt outstanding as of June 30, 2008 that was exposed to interest rate fluctuations was $811.8 million. This debt is normally rolled for periods between one and three months and is therefore exposed to the rate changes in this period. The remainder of the debt is either short term (less than 3 months total tenor) or bears interest at a fixed rate.
$660.5 million of the total debt was exposed to changes in LIBOR while $151.3 million was exposed to the Prime Rate and JIBAR. The relevant interest rates for each facility are described above. The following table indicates the change to finance expense had LIBOR and the Prime Rate differed as indicated.
Change in interest expense for LIBOR, Prime Rate and JIBAR changes as of June 30, 2008 |
||||||||||||||||||
Sensitivity to interest rates |
(1.5 | )% | (1.0 | )% | (0.5 | )% | +0.5 | % | +1.0 | % | +1.5 | % | ||||||
Sensitivity to LIBOR interest rate ($ million) |
(7.2 | ) | (4.8 | ) | (2.4 | ) | 2.4 | 4.8 | 7.2 | |||||||||
Sensitivity to Prime and JIBAR ($ million) |
(1.6 | ) | (1.1 | ) | (0.5 | ) | 0.5 | 1.1 | 1.6 | |||||||||
Change in finance expense ($ million) |
(8.8 | ) | (5.9 | ) | (2.9 | ) | 2.9 | 5.9 | 8.8 | |||||||||
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ITEM 12: DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not applicable.
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ITEM 13: DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
Not applicable.
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ITEM 14: MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Not applicable.
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ITEM 15: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) | Disclosure Controls and Procedures: |
Gold Fields has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Gold Fields, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of Gold Fields disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report. Based upon that evaluation, Gold Fields Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2008, Gold Fields disclosure controls and procedures were effective. |
(b) | Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting: |
Gold Fields management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 defines internal control over financial reporting in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the companys board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that: |
| pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; |
| provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and |
| provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. |
Gold Fields management assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2008. In making this assessment, Gold Fields management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, or COSO, in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based upon its assessment, Gold Fields management concluded that, as of June 30, 2008, its internal control over financial reporting is effective based upon those criteria. |
PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc, an independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on Form 20-F, has issued an attestation report on managements assessment of the effectiveness of Gold Fields internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2008. |
(c) | Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm: |
See report of PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc., an Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, on page F-1. |
(d) | Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: |
There has been no change in Gold Fields internal control over financial reporting that occurred during fiscal 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Gold Fields internal control over financial reporting. |
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ITEM 16A: AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
The Board of Directors has determined that Gold Fields Audit Committee does not have an audit committee financial expert, as defined in the rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Although a person with such qualifications does not serve on the Audit Committee, the Board of Directors believes that the members of the Audit Committee collectively possess the knowledge and experience to oversee and assess the performance of Gold Fields management and auditors, the quality of Gold Fields disclosure controls, the preparation and evaluation of Gold Fields financial statements and Gold Fields financial reporting. Gold Fields Board of Directors also believes that the members of the Audit Committee collectively possess the understanding of audit committee functions necessary to diligently execute their responsibilities. For biographical information on each member of the Audit Committee, see Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesNon-executive Directors.
254
Gold Fields has adopted a Company Code of Ethics, or the Code, which applies to all directors and employees, the text of which can be accessed on Gold Fields website at www.goldfields.co.za. The Code was revised in fiscal 2007 and the revisions were implemented in September 2007. The revised Code updates the disclosure requirements and allocates responsibility for managing the Code to different levels of management.
255
ITEM 16C: PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc., or PwC, has served as Gold Fields principal accountant for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2007 and 2008. Set forth below are the fees for audit and other services rendered by PwC for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2007 and 2008.
Year ended June 30, 2007 |
Year ended June 30, 2008 | |||
(R millions) | ||||
Audit fees |
19.3 | 22.9 | ||
Audit-related fees |
0.7 | | ||
Tax fees |
1.5 | 0.3 | ||
All other fees |
0.7 | 0.7 | ||
Total |
22.2 | 23.9 | ||
Audit fees include fees billed for audit services rendered for Gold Fields annual consolidated financial statements filed with regulatory organizations.
Audit-related fees relate mainly to advice in connection with the implementation of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, audit of companies acquired and accounting advice.
Tax fees include fees billed for tax compliance, tax advice, tax planning and other tax-related services.
All other fees consist of fees for all other services not included in any of the other categories noted above.
All of the above fees were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.
Audit Committees Policies and Procedures
In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission rules regarding auditor independence, the Audit Committee has established Policies and Procedures for Audit and Non-Audit Services Provided by an Independent Auditor. The rules apply to Gold Fields and its consolidated subsidiaries engaging any accounting firms for audit services and the auditor who audits the accounts filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the external auditor, for permissible non-audit services.
When engaging the external auditor for permissible non-audit services (audit-related services, tax services, and all other services), pre-approval is obtained prior to the commencement of the services.
256
ITEM 16D: EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
Not applicable.
257
ITEM 16E: PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER
AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
Gold Fields did not make purchases of its equity securities during fiscal 2008 or to date in fiscal 2009.
258
Gold Fields has responded to Item 18 in lieu of responding to this item.
259
The following financial statements of Gold Fields Limited are filed as part of this annual report.
Page | ||
Gold Fields Limited |
||
F-1 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 |
F-2 | |
F-3 | ||
F-4 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 |
F-6 | |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 |
F-7 | |
F-8 | ||
Schedules to Gold Fields Limiteds Financial Statements |
||
S-1 | ||
S-2 |
260
The following instruments and documents are included as Exhibits to this annual report.
No. |
Exhibit | |
1.1 | Memorandum of Association of Gold Fields (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002.) | |
1.2 | Articles of Association of Gold Fields (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002.) | |
1.3 | Amended Articles of Association of Gold Fields (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.3 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
2.1 | Memorandum of Association of Gold Fields (included in Exhibit 1.1) | |
2.2 | Articles of Association of Gold Fields (included in Exhibit 1.2) | |
2.3 | Deposit Agreement among Gold Fields, Gold Fields Limited (f/k/a/Driefontein Consolidated Limited), The Bank of New York, as depositary, and the owners and beneficial owners from time to time of American Depositary Receipts, dated as of February 2, 1998, as amended and restated as of May 21, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 24, 2002.) | |
2.4 | Form of American Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 2.3) | |
2.5 | Excerpts of relevant provisions of the South African Companies Act (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.5 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002.) | |
2.6 | Excerpts of relevant provisions of the JSE Limited listing requirements (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.6 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002.) | |
2.7 | Amended Articles of Association of Gold Fields (included in Exhibit 1.3) | |
4.1 | The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan, adopted October 31, 2001 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002.) | |
4.2 | The GF Management Incentive Scheme, adopted November 10, 1999 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the registration statement on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2002.) | |
4.3 | Deed of Amendment to the GF Non-Executive Share Plan, adopted December 6, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) | |
4.4 | Deed of Amendment to the GF Management Incentive Scheme between Gold Fields Limited and Tokyo Mosima Gabriel Sexwale and Gordon Rae Parker, both in their capacity as trustees for The GF Management Incentive Trust, adopted May 4, 2001 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) |
261
No. |
Exhibit | |
4.5 | Deed of Amendment to the GF Management Incentive Scheme between Gold Fields Limited and Tokyo Mosima Gabriel Sexwale and Gordon Rae Parker, both in their capacity as trustees for The GF Management Incentive Trust, adopted October 31, 2001 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) | |
4.6 | Reorganization Agreement between Beatrix Mining Ventures Limited, Driefontein Consolidated (Proprietary) Limited, Kloof Gold Mining Company Limited, GFL Mining Services Limited, Gold Fields Limited and Newshelf 706 Limited, dated July 25, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 29, 2003) | |
4.7 | Addendum Number 1 to the Reorganization Agreement between Beatrix Mining Ventures Limited, Driefontein Consolidated (Proprietary) Limited, Kloof Gold Mining Company Limited, GFL Mining Services Limited, Gold Fields Limited and Newshelf 706 Limited, dated February 12, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.15 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) | |
4.8 | Covenants Agreement between Gold Fields Limited, Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, Lexshell 579 Investments (Proprietary) Limited and Newshelf 706 Limited, dated November 26, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.16 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 29, 2003) | |
4.9 | Subscription and Share Exchange Agreement amongst Lexshell 579 Investments (Proprietary) Limited, GFL Mining South Africa Limited and Gold Fields Limited, dated December 11, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.17 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 29, 2003) | |
4.10 | GFI-SA Loan Agreement amongst Lexshell 579 Investments (Proprietary) Limited, First Rand Bank Limited, GFI Mining South Africa Limited, Gold Fields Limited, Gold Fields Australia Proprietary Limited and Gold Fields Guernsey Limited, dated December 11, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.18 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 29, 2003) | |
4.11 | Addendum to GFI-SA Loan Agreement among Gold Fields, Mvela Gold, Gold Fields Australia, Gold Fields Guernsey Limited and GFI-SA, dated February 13, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.19 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) | |
4.12 | PIC Put Option Agreement between Public Investment Corporation, GFL Mining Services Limited and Gold Fields Limited, dated February 13, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.20 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) | |
4.13 | Agreement between Gold Fields Limited, GFL Mining Services Limited, Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, GFI Mining South Africa Limited, and Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, dated November 17, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.21 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) | |
4.14 | Second Addendum to GFI-SA Loan Agreement among Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, First Rand Bank Limited (acting through its Rand Merchant Bank Division), GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, Gold Fields Limited, Gold Fields Australia Pty Limited and Gold Fields Guernsey Limited, dated November 17, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.22 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2004) |
262
No. |
Exhibit | |
4.15 | The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan, adopted November 17, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.24 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 22, 2005) | |
4.16 | The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, adopted November 17, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.25 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 22, 2005) | |
4.17 | Agreement between Gold Fields Limited, GFL Mining Services Limited, Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, GFI Mining South Africa Limited, and Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, dated July 17, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.26 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2006) | |
4.18 | Acquisition and Framework Agreement between North American Palladium Limited, Gold Fields Exploration BV, Gold Fields Finland Oy and North American Palladium Finland Oy, dated March 24, 2006, as amended on May 12, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.27 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2006) | |
4.19 | Service Agreement between Gold Fields Arctic Platinum Oy, North American Palladium Limited and North American Palladium Arctic Services Oy, dated March 24, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.28 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2006) | |
4.20 | U.S.$250,000,000 Facility Agreement between Orogen Holding (BVI) Limited, Gold Fields Limited, GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited, Barclays Capital, J.P. Morgan Plc, Financial Institutions (as defined in the Facility) and J.P. Morgan Europe Limited, dated March 3, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.29 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2006) | |
4.21 | Share Purchase Agreement between PDG Aureate Limited, Barrick Gold Corporation and Gold Fields Limited, dated September 11, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.30 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2006) | |
4.22 | Agreement between Gold Fields Limited, JCI Limited, JCI Investment Finance (Proprietary) Limited and JCI Gold Limited, dated September 11, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.31 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2006) | |
4.23 | U.S.$150,000,000 Facility Agreement between Gold Fields La Cima S.A., The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., The Bank of Nova Scotia, The Bank of Nova Scotia Trust Company of New York, Scotiabank Peru S.A.A. and Financial Institutions (as defined in the Facility), dated November 14, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.32 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2006) | |
4.24 | U.S.$1,800,000,000 Facility Agreement between GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, The Subsidiaries (as defined in the Facility), Citibank, N.A. London Branch, J.P. Morgan Plc, Financial Institutions (as defined in the Facility) and J.P. Morgan Europe Limited, dated November 24, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.33 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2006) |
263
No. |
Exhibit | |
4.25 | Third Addendum to GFI-SA Loan Agreement among Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, First Rand Bank Limited (acting through its Rand Merchant Bank Division), GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, Gold Fields Limited, Gold Fields Australia Pty Limited and Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited, dated August 24, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.34 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.26 | Agreement between Mvela Holdings (Proprietary Limited), Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, The Phalali Investment Trust, Newshelf 848 (Proprietary) Limited, Newshelf 849 (Proprietary) Limited, P L Zim and Afripalm Resources (Proprietary) Limited, dated March 30, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.35 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.27 | Agreement between Mvela Holdings (Proprietary Limited), Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, The Phalali Investment Trust, Newshelf 848 (Proprietary) Limited, Newshelf 849 (Proprietary) Limited, P L Zim and Afripalm Resources (Proprietary) Limited, dated April 26, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.36 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.28 | U.S.$750,000,000 Facility Agreement between GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, Gold Fields Orogen Holding (BVI) Limited, Western Areas Limited, ABN AMRO Bank N.V., Barclays Capital and Barclays Bank plc, dated May 16, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.37 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.29 | Rand 500,000,000 Facility Agreement between Absa Capital (a division of Absa Bank Limited) and GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, dated August 21, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.38 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.30 | Combination Agreement between Rusoro Mining Ltd. and Gold Fields Netherlands B.V., dated October 11, 2007 and effective October 12, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.39 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.31 | Share Purchase Agreement between Gold Fields Orogen Holding (BVI) Limited, Gold Fields Essakane (BVI) Limited, Orezone Essakane (BVI) Limited and Orezone Resources Inc., dated October 10, 2007 and effective October 11, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.40 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.32 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and GFL Mining Services Limited, dated September 7, 2007 and effective March 1, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.42 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.33 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and Gold Fields Ghana Holdings (BVI) Limited, dated September 7, 2007 and effective March 1, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.44 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.34 | Agreement between Ian D. Cockerill and Gold Fields Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, dated September 7, 2007 and effective March 1, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.45 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) |
264
No. |
Exhibit | |
4.35 | Agreement between Nicholas J. Holland and Gold Fields Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, dated September 7, 2007 and effective March 1, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.46 to the annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 1-31318), filed by Gold Fields with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) | |
4.36 | Preference Share Subscription Agreement entered into between Firstrand Bank Limited (acting through its Rand Merchant Bank division) and Gold Fields Limited, dated December 24, 2007 | |
4.37 | Rand 1,000,000,000 Facility Agreement between ABSA Bank Limited (acting through its ABSA Capital division), GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, Gold Fields Orogen Holding (BVI) Limited, GFL Mining Services Limited, Gold Fields Operations Limited, Gold Fields Holding (BVI) Limited and Gold Fields Limited, dated January 31, 2008 | |
4.38 | Memorandum of Agreement between Gold Fields Limited, GFL Mining Services Limited, Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited and Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, dated March 17, 2008 | |
4.39 | Agreement between Gold Fields Limited, Mvelaphanda Holdings (Proprietary) Limited, Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited, FirstRand Bank Limited (as agent for Micawber 325 (Proprietary) Limited), Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited, GFL Mining Services Limited, GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, Newshelf 849 (Proprietary) Limited, Atripalm Resources (Proprietary) Limited, Public Investment Corporation Limited and FirstRand Bank Limited (acting through its Rand Merchant Bank and FNB Corporate Divisions) dated March 27, 2008 | |
4.40 | Placement Agreement between Sino Gold Mining Limited and Gold Fields Australasia (BVI) Ltd., dated May 19, 2008 | |
4.41 | Rand 500,000,000 Facility Agreement between ABSA Capital (a division of Absa Bank Limited) and GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited, dated September 22, 2008 | |
4.42 | Rand 500,000,000 Facility Agreement between Absa Bank Limited (acting through its Absa Capital division), GFI Mining South Africa (Proprietary) Limited and Gold Fields Limited, dated October 21, 2008 | |
4.43 | Agreement between Terence P. Goodlace and GFL Mining Services Limited, dated March 19, 2007 and effective April 1, 2007 | |
8.1 | Amended list of subsidiaries of the registrant | |
12.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer | |
12.2 | Certification of Acting Chief Financial Officer | |
13.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer | |
13.2 | Certification of Acting Chief Financial Officer |
265
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
GOLD FIELDS LIMITED | ||
/s/ NICHOLAS J. HOLLAND | ||
Name: | Nicholas J. Holland | |
Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Date: November 17, 2008
266
Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Gold Fields Limited
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity, comprehensive income and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Gold Fields Limited and its subsidiaries at June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2008 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Companys management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audits (which were integrated audits in 2008 and 2007). We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc
Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
November 17, 2008
F-1
Consolidated Statements of Operations
For the years ended June 30,
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
$m | $m | $m | |||||||
REVENUES |
|||||||||
Product sales |
3,206.2 | 2,735.2 | 2,282.0 | ||||||
COSTS AND EXPENSES |
|||||||||
Production costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |
1,996.1 | 1,707.7 | 1,499.9 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
400.5 | 388.2 | 353.3 | ||||||
Corporate expenditure |
41.0 | 38.4 | 21.9 | ||||||
Employee termination costs |
16.2 | 4.9 | 9.1 | ||||||
Exploration expenditure |
39.8 | 47.4 | 39.3 | ||||||
Impairment of assets |
11.4 | | | ||||||
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment |
(4.6 | ) | (7.4 | ) | (3.7 | ) | |||
Shaft closure costs |
3.3 | | | ||||||
(Decrease)/increase in provision for post-retirement health care costs |
(0.7 | ) | 1.3 | (0.5 | ) | ||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
12.0 | 6.4 | 8.6 | ||||||
Share-based compensation |
20.7 | 12.5 | 11.5 | ||||||
2,535.7 | 2,199.4 | 1,939.4 | |||||||
OTHER INCOME/(EXPENSES) |
|||||||||
Interest and dividends |
31.2 | 26.8 | 26.8 | ||||||
Finance expense |
(100.4 | ) | (95.2 | ) | (55.6 | ) | |||
Unrealized gain on financial instruments |
| 15.4 | 14.6 | ||||||
Realized gain/(loss) on financial instruments |
19.8 | (10.7 | ) | (9.1 | ) | ||||
Gain/(loss) on foreign exchange |
1.7 | (15.1 | ) | | |||||
Profit on disposal of listed investments |
3.7 | 26.8 | 6.3 | ||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries |
208.4 | | | ||||||
Other income/(expenses) |
5.9 | (2.2 | ) | (16.5 | ) | ||||
170.3 | (54.2 | ) | (33.5 | ) | |||||
INCOME BEFORE TAX, IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENT IN EQUITY INVESTEE, SHARE OF EQUITY INVESTEES (LOSSES)/INCOME AND MINORITY INTERESTS |
840.8 | 481.6 | 309.1 | ||||||
Income and mining tax expense |
(271.2 | ) | (209.3 | ) | (110.6 | ) | |||
INCOME BEFORE IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENT IN EQUITY INVESTEE, SHARE OF EQUITY INVESTEES (LOSSES)/INCOME AND MINORITY INTEREST |
569.6 | 272.3 | 198.5 | ||||||
Impairment of investment in equity investee |
(61.3 | ) | | | |||||
Share of equity investees (losses)/income |
(16.0 | ) | 0.3 | (7.0 | ) | ||||
Minority interests |
(39.8 | ) | (26.5 | ) | (29.8 | ) | |||
NET INCOME |
452.5 | 246.1 | 161.7 | ||||||
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE ($) |
0.69 | 0.44 | 0.33 | ||||||
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE ($) |
0.69 | 0.44 | 0.33 | ||||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES USED IN THE COMPUTATION OF BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE |
652,538,212 | 558,259,686 | 492,922,941 | ||||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES USED IN THE COMPUTATION OF DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE |
656,252,205 | 562,207,148 | 496,240,970 | ||||||
DIVIDEND PER SHARE ($) |
0.22 | 0.28 | 0.13 |
F-2
As of June 30,
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
2008 | 2007 | ||||
$m | $m | ||||
ASSETS |
|||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
253.7 | 326.4 | |||
Financial instruments |
6.9 | | |||
Receivables |
280.1 | 297.7 | |||
Inventories |
152.8 | 144.9 | |||
Materials contained in heap leach pads |
74.5 | 58.1 | |||
Total current assets |
768.0 | 827.1 | |||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
5,423.7 | 5,576.8 | |||
Goodwill |
1,092.8 | 1,222.7 | |||
Non-current investments |
737.4 | 401.8 | |||
TOTAL ASSETS |
8,021.9 | 8,028.4 | |||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
|||||
Accounts payable and provisions |
610.3 | 463.6 | |||
Financial instruments |
| 10.8 | |||
Interest payable |
29.2 | 34.7 | |||
Income and mining taxes payable |
123.1 | 72.2 | |||
Bank overdraft |
2.7 | 3.3 | |||
Current portion of long-term loans |
772.9 | 227.5 | |||
Total current liabilities |
1,538.2 | 812.1 | |||
Long-term loans |
564.2 | 1,211.8 | |||
Deferred income and mining taxes |
719.9 | 879.5 | |||
Provision for environmental rehabilitation |
216.2 | 197.2 | |||
Provision for post-retirement health care costs |
7.9 | 9.5 | |||
Total liabilities |
3,046.4 | 3,110.1 | |||
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIESsee notes 20 and 21 |
|||||
Minority interests |
151.4 | 127.1 | |||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
|||||
Share capital1,000,000,000 (2007: 1,000,000,000) authorized ordinary shares of 50 South African cents each. Shares issued653,200,682 (2007: 652,158,066) |
54.9 | 54.8 | |||
Additional paid-in capital |
4,490.4 | 4,459.8 | |||
Retained earnings |
521.8 | 211.8 | |||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income |
(243.0 | ) | 64.8 | ||
Total shareholders equity |
4,824.1 | 4,791.2 | |||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
8,021.9 | 8,028.4 | |||
F-3
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity
For the years ended June 30,
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Number of ordinary shares issued |
Share capital $m |
Additional paid-in capital $m |
Retained earnings $m |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income $m |
Total $m |
|||||||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2005 |
492,294,226 | 43.7 | 1,797.9 | 24.0 | (7.3 | ) | 1,858.3 | |||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 161.7 | | 161.7 | ||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | | (61.8 | ) | | (61.8 | ) | ||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | 11.5 | | | 11.5 | ||||||||||||
Shares repurchased and cancelled |
(1,000,000 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (11.6 | ) | | | (11.7 | ) | ||||||||
Exercise of employee share options |
3,530,497 | 0.3 | 29.8 | | | 30.1 | ||||||||||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| | | | 52.0 | 52.0 | ||||||||||||
Realized gain on disposal of listed investments |
| | | | (0.5 | ) | (0.5 | ) | ||||||||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | | | (115.2 | ) | (115.2 | ) | ||||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2006 |
494,824,723 | 43.9 | 1,827.6 | 123.9 | (71.0 | ) | 1,924.4 | |||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 246.1 | | 246.1 | ||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | | (158.2 | ) | | (158.2 | ) | ||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | 12.5 | | | 12.5 | ||||||||||||
Share issued in connection with capital raising |
90,850,000 | 6.3 | 1,421.1 | | | 1,427.4 | ||||||||||||
Share issued in connection with the acquisition of subsidiaries |
65,098,754 | 4.5 | 1,213.3 | | | 1,217.8 | ||||||||||||
Transaction costs relating to issue of shares |
| | (25.4 | ) | | | (25.4 | ) | ||||||||||
Exercise of employee share options |
1,384,589 | 0.1 | 10.7 | | | 10.8 | ||||||||||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| | | | 65.8 | 65.8 | ||||||||||||
Realized gain on disposal of listed investments |
| | | | (23.5 | ) | (23.5 | ) | ||||||||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | | | 93.5 | 93.5 | ||||||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2007 |
652,158,066 | 54.8 | 4,459.8 | 211.8 | 64.8 | 4,791.2 | ||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 452.5 | | 452.5 | ||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | | (142.5 | ) | | (142.5 | ) | ||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | 20.7 | | | 20.7 | ||||||||||||
Exercise of employee share options |
1,042,616 | 0.1 | 9.9 | | | 10.0 | ||||||||||||
Share of equity investees other comprehensive income movements |
| | | | 9.6 | 9.6 | ||||||||||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| | | | 43.1 | 43.1 | ||||||||||||
Realized loss on disposal of listed investments |
| | | | 0.9 | 0.9 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | | | (361.4 | ) | (361.4 | ) | ||||||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2008 |
653,200,682 | 54.9 | 4,490.4 | 521.8 | (243.0 | ) | 4,824.1 | |||||||||||
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity (Continued)
For the years ended June 30,
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The following is a reconciliation of the components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income for the periods presented:
Share of equity investees other comprehensive income $m |
Mark-to-market of listed investments $m |
Foreign exchange translation $m |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income $m |
||||||||
BALANCEJULY 1, 2005 |
| 19.1 | (26.4 | ) | (7.3 | ) | |||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| 52.0 | | 52.0 | |||||||
Realized gain on disposal of listed investments |
| (0.5 | ) | | (0.5 | ) | |||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | (115.2 | ) | (115.2 | ) | |||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2006 |
| 70.6 | (141.6 | ) | (71.0 | ) | |||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| 65.8 | | 65.8 | |||||||
Realized gain on disposal of listed investments |
| (23.5 | ) | | (23.5 | ) | |||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | 93.5 | 93.5 | |||||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2007 |
| 112.9 | (48.1 | ) | 64.8 | ||||||
Share of equity investees other comprehensive income movements |
9.6 | | | 9.6 | |||||||
Mark-to-market of listed investments |
| 43.1 | | 43.1 | |||||||
Realized loss on disposal of listed investments |
| 0.9 | | 0.9 | |||||||
Foreign exchange translation |
| | (361.4 | ) | (361.4 | ) | |||||
BALANCEJUNE 30, 2008 |
9.6 | 156.9 | (409.5 | ) | (243.0 | ) | |||||
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
For the years ended June 30,
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
$m | $m | $m | |||||||
Net income |
452.5 | 246.1 | 161.7 | ||||||
Other comprehensive (loss)/income |
|||||||||
Share of equity investees other comprehensive income movements |
9.6 | | | ||||||
Mark-to market adjustment of listed investments held |
43.1 | 65.8 | 52.0 | ||||||
Realized gain on disposal of listed investments |
0.9 | (23.5 | ) | (0.5 | ) | ||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
(361.4 | ) | 93.5 | (115.2 | ) | ||||
Other comprehensive (loss)/income |
(307.8 | ) | 135.8 | (63.7 | ) | ||||
Comprehensive income |
144.7 | 381.9 | 98.0 | ||||||
F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended June 30,
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
$m | $m | $m | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATIONS |
|||||||||
Net income |
452.5 | 246.1 | 161.7 | ||||||
Reconciled to net cash provided by operations: |
|||||||||
Minority interests |
39.8 | 26.5 | 29.8 | ||||||
Share of equity investees income/(losses) |
16.0 | (0.3 | ) | 7.0 | |||||
Impairment of investment in equity investee |
61.3 | | | ||||||
Income and mining tax expense |
271.2 | 209.3 | 110.6 | ||||||
Impairment of assets |
11.4 | | | ||||||
Profit on disposal of listed investments |
(3.7 | ) | (26.8 | ) | (6.3 | ) | |||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries |
(208.4 | ) | | | |||||
Shaft closure costs |
3.3 | | | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
400.5 | 388.2 | 353.3 | ||||||
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment |
(4.6 | ) | (7.4 | ) | (3.7 | ) | |||
Share-based compensation |
20.7 | 12.5 | 11.5 | ||||||
Unrealized gain on financial instruments |
| (15.4 | ) | (14.6 | ) | ||||
Accretion expense on provision for environmental rehabilitation |
12.0 | 6.4 | 8.6 | ||||||
(Decrease)/increase in provision for post-retirement health care costs |
(0.7 | ) | 1.3 | (0.5 | ) | ||||
Payment against post-retirement health care provision |
(0.4 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (0.3 | ) | |||
Settlement of Western Areas derivative structure |
| (534.6 | ) | | |||||
Finance expense capitalized |
(42.1 | ) | (16.7 | ) | (1.7 | ) | |||
Other |
(34.3 | ) | 13.9 | 9.6 | |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|||||||||
Receivables |
(24.0 | ) | 176.8 | (60.6 | ) | ||||
Inventories and heap leach pads |
(34.0 | ) | (31.1 | ) | (24.1 | ) | |||
Accounts payable and provisions |
106.0 | (143.9 | ) | 61.6 | |||||
Income and mining taxes paid |
(143.5 | ) | (99.3 | ) | (54.8 | ) | |||
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATIONS |
899.0 | 205.2 | 587.1 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
|||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
(1,154.4 | ) | (797.0 | ) | (377.1 | ) | |||
Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment |
5.8 | 8.8 | 6.3 | ||||||
Purchase of listed investments |
(134.5 | ) | (68.1 | ) | (163.5 | ) | |||
Proceeds on sale of listed investments |
13.7 | 45.3 | 2.8 | ||||||
Proceeds on disposal of subsidiaries |
310.9 | | | ||||||
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired |
| (1,240.9 | ) | (415.6 | ) | ||||
Investment in environmental trust fund |
(11.6 | ) | (14.6 | ) | (11.0 | ) | |||
NET CASH UTILIZED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
(970.1 | ) | (2,066.5 | ) | (958.1 | ) | |||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
|||||||||
Long and short-term loans raised |
603.4 | 2,637.5 | 158.0 | ||||||
Long and short-term loans repaid |
(586.5 | ) | (1,950.5 | ) | | ||||
(Repayment)/utilization of bank overdraft |
(0.6 | ) | 3.3 | | |||||
Decrease in minority funding |
| (11.5 | ) | (23.0 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid to Company shareholders |
(142.5 | ) | (158.2 | ) | (61.8 | ) | |||
Dividends paid to minority shareholders |
| (1.5 | ) | (13.0 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from rights issueCerro Corona |
96.0 | | | ||||||
Ordinary shares repurchased and cancelled |
| | (11.7 | ) | |||||
Ordinary shares issued |
10.0 | 1,412.8 | 30.1 | ||||||
NET CASH (UTILIZED IN)/PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
(20.2 | ) | 1,931.9 | 78.6 | |||||
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
18.6 | 38.1 | 6.4 | ||||||
NET (DECREASE)/INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(72.7 | ) | 108.7 | (286.0 | ) | ||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTSJULY 1 |
326.4 | 217.7 | 503.7 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTSJUNE 30 |
253.7 | 326.4 | 217.7 |
The principal non-cash transactions are the issue of shares as consideration for business acquisitions and the mark-to-market of certain listed investments. See notes 3 and 12.
F-7
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
1 | GENERAL |
Gold Fields Limited (formerly Driefontein Consolidated Limited (Driefontein), the Company or the Group) was originally incorporated in South Africa and listed on the JSE Securities Exchange S.A. (JSE) during 1968 as East Driefontein Gold Mining Company Limited. Following a merger with West Driefontein Gold Mining Company Limited, it was renamed Driefontein on June 15, 1981. On May 10, 1999, Driefontein completed a business combination, with another South African company listed on the JSE, Gold Fields Limited (Old Gold Fields). Old Gold Fields evolved through a series of transactions in 1998, whereby it acquired substantially all of the gold mining assets and interests previously held by Gold Fields of South Africa Limited, Gencor Limited, New Wits Limited and certain other shareholders in the companies owning the assets and interests. These assets and interests included publicly traded gold mining companies, mineral rights and service agreements. Driefontein, the surviving entity, was renamed Gold Fields Limited, and Old Gold Fields was renamed GFL Mining Services Limited, effective from that date. The Group is engaged in gold mining and related activities, including exploration, extraction, processing and smelting. Gold bullion, the Groups principal product, is currently produced in South Africa, Ghana and Australia and sold in South Africa and internationally. Starting in the financial year ending June 30, 2009, the Group will also produce copper/gold concentrate in Peru, which will be sold internationally.
2 | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
(a) | USE OF ESTIMATES: The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) requires the Groups management to make estimates and assumptions about current and future events that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Future events and their effects cannot be determined with absolute certainty. Therefore, the determination of estimates requires the exercise of judgment based on various assumptions and other factors such as historical experience, current and expected economic conditions, and in some cases actuarial techniques. Actual results ultimately may differ from those estimates. |
The more significant areas requiring the use of management estimates and assumptions relate to mineral reserves that are the basis of future cash flow estimates and unit-of-production depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations; environmental, reclamation and closure obligations; estimates of recoverable gold and other materials in heap leach pads; asset impairments (including impairments of goodwill, long-lived assets, and investments); write-downs of inventory to net realizable value; post employment, post retirement and other employee benefit liabilities (including valuation of share-based compensation); valuation allowances for deferred tax assets; reserves for contingencies and litigation; and the fair value and accounting treatment of financial instruments.
The following are accounting policies used by the Group which have been consistently applied for all periods presented:
(b) | CONSOLIDATION: The Groups financial statements include the financial statements of the Group, and its subsidiaries, and its investments in associates. A company in which the Group has, directly or indirectly, through subsidiary undertakings, a controlling interest is classified as a subsidiary undertaking. In addition, the Company reviews its relationships with other entities to assess if the Company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. If the determination is made that the Company is the primary beneficiary, then that entity is consolidated from the date that the Company was deemed to have become the primary beneficiary. The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of are included in the Group statements from the effective dates of acquisition or excluded from such |
F-8
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
statements as from the effective dates of disposal. Investments in companies which the Company does not control, but where it has the ability to exercise significant influence over their operating and financial policies, are accounted for by the equity method. |
Inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated on consolidation.
Any excess between the purchase price and the fair value of the attributable net assets of subsidiaries and associates at the date of acquisition is capitalized as goodwill and not amortized.
Goodwill is not amortized; however it is subject to an annual assessment for impairment. The Company evaluates the carrying amount of goodwill to determine whether current events and circumstances indicate that such carrying amount may no longer be recoverable. To accomplish this, the Company compares the estimated fair value of its reporting units to their carrying amounts. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company compares the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill to its carrying amount, and any excess of the carrying value over the fair value is charged to earnings. The Companys fair value estimates are based on numerous assumptions and it is possible that actual fair value will be significantly different than the estimates, as actual future quantities of recoverable minerals, gold and other commodity prices, production levels and operating costs of production and capital are each subject to significant risks and uncertainties.
(c) (i) | FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS: Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the prevailing exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities designated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at year-end. Gains and losses arising from these translations are recognized in earnings. |
(ii) | FOREIGN ENTITIES: The Groups foreign entities are regarded as those entities that are considered to be self-sustaining. The balance sheet and statements of operations of foreign subsidiaries are translated on the following basis: |
Assets and liabilities are translated at the prevailing exchange rate at year-end. Statement of operations items are translated at the average exchange rate for the year. Exchange differences on translation are accounted for in shareholders equity. These differences will be recognized in earnings upon realization of the underlying foreign entity.
(iii) | FUNCTIONAL CURRENCY: The functional currency of the Groups South African operations is the South African Rand, of its Australian operations is the Australian dollar, of its Ghanaian operations and the Cerro Corona project in Peru is the U.S. dollar and of its Venezuelan operation was the Venezuelan Bolivar. The translation differences arising as a result of converting the South African Rand, the Australian dollar and Venezuelan Bolivar to U.S. dollars (reporting currency) using the current exchange rate method are included as a separate component of shareholders equity. |
(d) | PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT |
(i) | MINING ASSETS: Mining assets, including mine development costs and mine plant facilities, are recorded at cost. |
At the Groups surface mines, when it has been determined that a mineral property can be economically developed as a result of establishing proven and probable reserves, costs incurred to develop the property are capitalized as incurred until saleable minerals are extracted from the mine and are amortized using the units-of-production method over the estimated life of the ore body based on estimated recoverable ounces or pounds mined from proven and probable
F-9
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
reserves. These costs include costs to further delineate the ore body and remove overburden to initially expose the ore body. Subsequent mine development costs are treated as variable production costs.
At the Groups underground mines, the Group capitalizes all underground development costs to access specific ore blocks or other areas of the mine where such costs will provide future economic benefits as a result of establishing proven and probable reserves associated with a specific block or area of operations, even after the reef horizon may have been intersected with the development of the first specific ore block or area of the mine. All costs associated with the development of a specific underground block or area are capitalized until saleable minerals are extracted from that specific block or area. At the Groups underground mines, these costs include the cost of shaft sinking and access, the costs of building access ways, lateral development, drift development, ramps, box cuts and other infrastructure development.
The costs incurred to access specific ore blocks or areas of the mine, which only provide an economic benefit over the period during which that ore block or area is being mined, are attributed to earnings using the units-of-production method where the denominator is estimated recoverable ounces of gold contained in proven and probable reserves within that ore block or area. Capitalized costs that provide an economic benefit over the entire mine life, such as the initial primary shaft in an underground complex, will continue to be attributed to earnings using the units-of-production method, where the denominator is the estimated recoverable ounces of gold contained in total accessible proven and probable reserves.
Interest on borrowings incurred in respect of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended use is capitalized to the date on which the assets are substantially completed and ready for their intended use.
(ii) | LAND: Land is shown at cost and is not depreciated. |
(iii) | MINERAL INTERESTS: Mineral interests represent mineral and surface use rights for parcels of land owned by the Group. Mineral interests and other tangible assets include acquired mineral use rights in production, development and exploration stage properties. The amount capitalized related to mineral interests represents its fair value at the time it was acquired, either as an individual asset purchase or as part of a business combination. |
Production stage mineral interests represents mineral interests in operating properties that contain proven and probable reserves. Development stage mineral interests represent interests in properties under development that contain proven and probable reserves. Exploration stage mineral interests represent interests in properties that are believed to potentially contain (i) other mineralized material such as inferred material within pits, measured, indicated and inferred material with insufficient drill spacing to qualify as proven and probable reserves; and inferred material in close proximity to proven and probable reserves; (ii) around-mine exploration potential such as inferred material not immediately adjacent to existing reserves and mineralization but located within the immediate mine infrastructure; (iii) other mine-related exploration potential that is not part of measured, indicated or inferred material and is comprised mainly of material outside of the immediate mine area; or (iv) greenfield exploration potential that is not associated with any other production, development or exploration stage property as described above. The Groups mineral use rights are enforceable regardless of whether proven or probable reserves have been established. In certain limited situations, the nature of a use right changes from an exploration right to mining right upon the establishment of proven and probable
F-10
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
reserves. The Group has the ability and intent to renew mineral use rights where the existing term is not sufficient to recover all identified and valued proven and probable reserves and /or undeveloped mineral interests.
(iv) | AMORTIZATION AND DEPRECIATION OF MINING ASSETS: Mining assets, mine development and evaluation costs, and mine plant facilities are amortized over the life of mine using the units-of-production method, based on estimated above infrastructure proven and probable ore reserves. Proven and probable ore reserves reflect estimated quantities of economically recoverable reserves, which can be recovered in future from known mineral deposits. At the Groups South African operations, its amortization and depreciation calculations are generally based on the Groups most recent life-of-mine plan and annual above-infrastructure reserve declarations as approved by the Companys Board. However, if management becomes aware of significant changes in its above-infrastructure reserves ahead of the scheduled updates, management would not hesitate to immediately update its amortization and depreciation calculations and then subsequently notify the Companys Board. A similar approach is followed at the Groups operations in Ghana, due to the longer-life of the primary orebody. At the Groups other international operations, such as Australia, the Groups amortization and depreciation calculations are updated on a more regular basis during the year for all known changes in proven and probable reserves. The nature and life-span of the orebody, and the on-going information gathered in connection with the orebody, facilitates these more frequent updates. |
(v) | AMORTIZATION OF MINERAL INTERESTS: Mineral interests associated with production stage mineral interests are amortized over the life-of-mine using the units-of-production method in order to match the amortization with the expected underlying future cash flows. Mineral interests associated with development and exploration stage mineral interests are not amortized until such time as the underlying property is converted to the production stage. |
(vi) | DEPRECIATION OF NON-MINING ASSETS: Other non-mining assets are recorded at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over their expected useful lives as follows: |
Vehicles |
| 20.0% | ||
Computers |
| 33.3% | ||
Furniture and Equipment |
| 10.0% |
(vii) | MINING EXPLORATION: Expenditure on exploration activities is expensed as incurred. Such expenditure includes the costs incurred for purposes of upgrading resources from one category to another or for purposes of upgrading resources to proven and probable reserves, even when in close proximity to the Companys development and production stage properties. When it has been determined that a property can be economically developed as a result of establishing proven and probable reserves, costs incurred prospectively to develop the property are capitalized as mine development costs. |
(viii) | IMPAIRMENT: The Group reviews and tests the carrying amounts of long-lived assets, which include development costs, when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. For impairment purposes, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The lowest level at which such cash flows are generated are generally at an individual operating mine, even if the individual operating mine is included in a larger mine complex. |
F-11
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
If there are indications that an impairment may have occurred, the Group prepares estimates of expected future cash flows for each group of assets. Expected future cash flows are based on a probability-weighted approach applied to potential outcomes and reflect: |
| Estimated sales proceeds from the production and sale of recoverable ounces of gold contained in proven and probable reserves; |
| Expected gold prices and currency exchange rates (considering historical and current prices, price trends and related factors); |
| Expected future operating costs and capital expenditures to produce proven and probable gold reserves based on approved life-of-mine plans that assume current plant capacity, but exclude the impact of inflation; and |
| Expected cash flows associated with value beyond proven and probable reserves, which includes the expected cash outflows required to develop and extract the value beyond proven and probable reserves. |
The Group records a reduction of a group of assets to fair value as a charge to earnings if expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount. The Group estimates fair value by discounting the expected future cash flows using a discount factor that reflects the risk-free rate of interest for a term consistent with the period of expected cash flows.
Managements estimate of future cash flows is subject to risk and uncertainties. It is therefore reasonably possible that changes could occur which may affect the recoverability of the Groups mining assets.
(ix) | LEASES: Operating leases are charged against income as incurred. |
(e) | DEFERRED TAXATION: Deferred taxation is calculated on the comprehensive basis using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized by applying expected tax rates to the temporary differences existing at each balance sheet date between the tax values and their carrying amounts. These temporary differences are expected to result in taxable or deductible amounts in determining taxable profits for future periods when the carrying amount of the asset is recovered or the liability is settled. The effect on deferred tax of any changes in tax rates is recognized in the income statement during the period in which the change occurs. |
The principal temporary differences arise from depreciation on property, plant and equipment, provisions and tax losses carried forward. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.
(f) | NON-CURRENT INVESTMENTS: Non-current investments comprise (i) investments in listed companies which are classified as available-for-sale and are accounted for at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of shareholders equity; (ii) investments in unlisted companies which are carried at their original costs as the directors believe that the original cost is not materially different from the fair value; (iii) monies in environmental trust funds; and (iv) equity method investments. Realized gains and losses are included in the determination of net income or loss. |
Unrealized losses are included in the determination of net income or loss where it is determined that a decline, other than a temporary decline, in the value of the investment has occurred.
F-12
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(g) | MATERIALS CONTAINED IN HEAP LEACH PADS: The recovery of gold from certain oxide ores is best achieved through the heap leaching process. Under this method, ore is placed on leach pads where it is permeated with a chemical solution, which dissolves the gold contained in the ore. The resulting pregnant solution is further processed in a leach plant where the gold in solution is recovered. For accounting purposes, value is added to leach pads based on current mining costs, including applicable depreciation and amortization relating to mining operations. Value is removed from the leach pad as ounces are recovered in circuit at the leach plant based on the average cost per recoverable ounce of gold on the leach pad. |
The engineering estimates of recoverable gold on the heap leach pads are calculated from quantities of ore placed on the pads (measured tons added to the leach pads), the grade of ore placed on the leach pads (based on assay data) and a recovery percentage (based on the leach process and the ore type). In general, the leach pad production cycles project recoveries of approximately 50% to 70% of the placed recoverable ounces in the first year of leaching, declining each year thereafter until the leaching process is completed.
Although the quantities of recoverable gold placed on the leach pads are reconciled by comparing the grades of ore placed on the pads to the quantities of gold actually recovered (metallurgical balancing), the nature of the leaching process inherently limits the ability to precisely monitor inventory levels. As a result, the metallurgical balancing process is constantly monitored and engineering estimates are refined based on actual results over time. Variations between actual and estimated quantities resulting from changes in assumptions and estimates that do not result in write-downs to net realizable value are accounted for on a prospective basis. The ultimate recovery of gold from the pad will not be known until the leaching process is terminated.
The current portion of leach pad inventories is determined based on engineering estimates of the quantities of gold at the balance sheet date that are expected to be recovered during the next twelve months.
(h) | INVENTORIES: Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The Groups inventories comprise consumable stores, gold-in-process, gold bullion, ore stockpiles and mineral rights and are accounted for as follows: |
Consumable stores: Consumable stores are valued at average cost, after appropriate provision for surplus and slow moving items.
Gold in process: Gold in-process inventories represent materials that are currently in the process of being converted to a saleable product. Conversion processes vary depending on the nature of the ore and the specific mining operation, but include mill in-circuit, leach in-circuit, flotation and column cells, and carbon in-pulp inventories. In-process material is measured based on assays of the material fed to process and the projected recoveries of the respective plants. In-process inventories are valued at the average cost of the material fed to process attributable to the source material coming from the mine, stockpile or leach pad plus the in-process conversion costs, including applicable depreciation relating to the process facility, incurred to that point in the process.
Gold bullion: Gold bullion inventories represent saleable gold ore or gold bullion and are valued at the average cost of the respective in-process inventories incurred prior to the refining process, plus refining costs.
Stockpiles: Stockpiles represent coarse ore that has been extracted from the mine that is available for further processing. Stockpiles are measured by estimating the number of tons (via truck counts and/or in-pit surveys of the ore before stockpiling) added and removed from the stockpile, the number of
F-13
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
contained ounces (based on assay data) and the recovery percentage (based on the process for which the ore is destined). Stockpile tonnages are verified by periodic surveys. Stockpiles are valued based on mining costs incurred up to the point of stockpiling the ore, including applicable depreciation and amortization relating to mining operations. Value is added to a stockpile based on the current mining cost per tons plus applicable depreciation and amortization and removed at the average cost per recoverable ounce of gold in the stockpile.
Mineral rights: Mineral rights not linked to any specific operation are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value.
(i) | FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS: Financial instruments carried on the balance sheet include cash and cash equivalents, investments, receivables, derivative financial instruments, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The particular recognition method for each financial instrument item is disclosed in its respective significant accounting policy description. |
(j) | HEDGING: The Group account for its hedging activities in accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, (SFAS No. 133), as amended by Statements of Financial Accounting Standards 137, 138 and 149. |
Under SFAS No. 133, all derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value, unless they meet the criteria for the normal purchases normal sale exemption. On the date a derivative contract is entered into, the Group designates the derivative as (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (fair value hedge), (2) a hedge of a forecasted transaction (cash flow hedge), or (3) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign entity. Certain derivative transactions, while providing effective economic hedges under the Groups risk management policies, do not qualify for hedge accounting. Hedging activities are conducted in accordance with guidelines established by the Audit Committee which allow for the use of various hedging instruments.
Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective, and that is designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge, are recorded in earnings, along with the change in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that is attributable to the hedged risk.
Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective, and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge, are recognized directly in shareholders equity. Amounts deferred in shareholders equity are included in earnings in the same periods during which the hedged firm commitment or forecasted transaction affects earnings.
Recognition of derivatives which meet the criteria for the normal purchases normal sales exception under SFAS No. 133 is deferred until settlement. Under these contracts, the Group must deliver a specified quantity of gold at a future date at a specified price to the contracted counter-party.
Hedges of net investment in foreign entities are accounted for similarly to cash flow hedges.
Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are recognized in the statement of operations, under the caption entitled gains and losses on financial instruments. The fair value recognized on the balance sheet is included under the caption financial instruments.
The Group formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking derivatives designed as hedges to specific assets and liabilities or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Group also formally assesses, both at the hedge inception date and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of hedged items.
F-14
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(k) | CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, demand deposits and investments in money market instruments. These are all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. |
The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents is stated at cost which approximates fair value.
(l) | TRADE RECEIVABLES: Trade receivables are carried at anticipated realizable value. Estimates are made for doubtful debts based on a review of all outstanding amounts at year-end. Irrecoverable amounts are written off during the year in which they are identified. |
(m) | PROVISIONS: Provisions are recognized when information is available prior to the issuance of the financial statements which indicates that it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount can be reasonably estimated. |
(n) | REHABILITATION COSTS: SFAS No. 143, Accounting for asset retirement obligations (SFAS No. 143) applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement of a long-lived asset that result from the acquisition, construction, development and/or the normal operation of a long-lived asset. Under SFAS No. 143 the Group records the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred. When the liability is initially recorded, the Group correspondingly capitalizes the cost by increasing the carrying value of the related long-lived asset. Over time, the liability is increased (accretion) to reflect an interest element considered in its initial measurement at fair value, and the capitalized cost is amortized over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the liability, the Group will record a gain or loss if the actual cost incurred differs from the liability recorded. |
Environmental liabilities, other than rehabilitation costs which relate to liabilities from specific events, are expensed as incurred.
(o) | ENVIRONMENTAL TRUST FUNDS: Contributions are made to the Groups trust funds, created in accordance with statutory requirements, to fund the estimated cost of pollution control, rehabilitation and mine closure at the end of the life of the Groups South African mines. Contributions are determined on the basis of the estimated environmental obligation over the life of the mine. Income earned on monies paid to environmental trust funds is accounted for as investment income. The funds contributed to the trusts plus growth in the trust funds are included under investments on the balance sheet. |
(p) | EMPLOYEE BENEFITS |
(i) | PENSION AND PROVIDENT FUNDS: In South Africa, the Group operates a defined benefit pension plan and defined contribution retirement plan and contributes to a number of industry-based defined contribution retirement plans. The retirement plans are funded by payments from employees and the Group. |
The expected costs of the defined benefit pension plan are assessed in accordance with the advice of independent actuaries. The cost of experience adjustments or planned amendments is expensed to operations over the expected average remaining service lives of the relevant employees. Any shortfalls are funded either immediately or as increased employer contributions to ensure the ongoing soundness of the fund.
Contributions to defined contribution funds are expensed to operations as incurred.
These funds are governed by the South African Pension Fund Act of 1956 (as amended).
F-15
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(ii) | POST-RETIREMENT HEALTH CARE COSTS: Medical coverage is provided through a number of schemes. |
Post-retirement health care in respect of existing employees is recognized as an expense over the remaining service lives of the relevant employees.
The Group has an obligation to provide medical benefits to certain of its pensioners and dependents of ex-employees. These liabilities are unfunded and have been provided in full, calculated on an actuarial basis.
Valuation of these obligations is carried out annually by independent actuaries using appropriate mortality tables, long-term estimates of increases in medical costs and appropriate discount rates.
(iii) | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS: Compensation costs recognized in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 include: a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of July 1, 2005, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (FAS 123), and b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to June 30, 2005, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R), Share Based Payment. |
Prior to July 1, 2005, the Group accounted for share-based payments under the recognition and measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB 25), and related Interpretations, as permitted by FAS 123. In accordance with APB 25, no compensation cost was required to be recognized for options granted that had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant other than on occasions where the term of the share option vesting schedules are modified or accelerated.
(q) | REVENUE RECOGNITION: Revenue arising from gold and by-product sales is recognized when the risks and rewards of ownership and title pass to the buyer under the terms of the applicable contract and the pricing is fixed and determinable. Sales revenue excludes value-added tax but includes the net profit and losses arising from hedging transactions from matched gold sales contracts, which are designated as normal sales contracts. |
(r) | DIVIDEND INCOME: Dividends are recognized when the right to receive payment is established. |
(s) | INTEREST INCOME: Interest is recognized on a time proportion basis taking account of the principal outstanding and the effective rate to maturity on the accrual basis. |
(t) | DIVIDENDS DECLARED: Dividends proposed and the related taxation thereon are recognized only when the dividends are declared. Dividends are payable in South African Rand. |
(u) | SEGMENT REPORTING: The Group is a gold mining company operating geographically in South Africa, Ghana, Australia, Peru and Venezuela up to the date of disposal of the Venezuelan assets. The business segments comprise geographical operations based on locations and operating units. |
(v) | EARNINGS/(LOSS) PER SHARE is calculated based on the net income/(loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares in issue during the year. Diluted earnings per share is presented when the inclusion of potential ordinary shares has a dilutive effect on earnings per share. |
(w) | RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS: In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements, it emphasizes |
F-16
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
that fair value is a market-based measurement (i.e. fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, not an entity specific measurement). In support of this principle, the standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data, for example, the reporting entitys own data. This statement is effective for the Group from July 1, 2008. The Company does not expect the adoption of FAS 157 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilitiesincluding an amendment of FAS 115 (SFAS 159). This statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. Application of the provisions of SFAS 159 is optional and the provisions can be elected on an instrument by instrument basis. SFAS 159 is effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS 159 on its financial position and results of operations.
In June 2007, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached consensus on Issue No. 06-11, Accounting for Income Tax Benefits of Dividends on Share-Based Payment Awards (EITF Issue 06-11). EITF Issue 06-11 requires that the tax benefit related to dividend and dividend equivalents paid on equity-classified nonvested shares and nonvested share units, which are expected to vest, be recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. EITF Issue 06-11 is to be applied prospectively for tax benefits on dividends declared in the Groups fiscal years beginning July 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this statement will have on its financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 141(R), Business Combinations (SFAS 141(R)), which amends SFAS No. 141, and provides revised guidance for recognizing and measuring identifiable assets and goodwill acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree. It also provides disclosure requirements to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009 and is to be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this statement on its financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statementsan amendment of ARB No. 51 (SFAS 160), which establishes accounting and reporting standards pertaining to ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the amount of net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest, changes in a parents ownership interest, and the valuation of any retained noncontrolling equity investment when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. SFAS 160 also establishes disclosure requirements that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the noncontrolling owners. SFAS 160 is effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this statement on its financial position and results of operations.
In March 2008, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (FAS 161). FAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures about an entitys derivative and hedging activities with the aim of improving transparency of financial reporting. The provisions of FAS 161 are effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009. The Company does not expect the adoption of FAS 161 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
F-17
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
In April 2008, the FASB published FSP No. FAS 142-3 Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (FSP FAS 142-3). The FSP reflects the FASBs recognition of potential inconsistencies in the useful life of intangible assets recognized under SFAS No. 142 Intangible Assets and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007) Business Combinations. The FSP allows an entity to use its own assumptions about renewal or extension of an arrangement even when there is likely to be substantial cost or material modifications associated with such terms in determining the appropriate useful life for intangible assets. The provisions of FSP FAS 142-3 are effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009. The Company does not expect the adoption of FSP FAS 142-3 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2008, the FASB published FSP No. APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement) (FSP APB 14-1). FSP APB 14-1 applies to convertible debt instruments that, by their stated terms, may be settled in cash (or other assets) upon conversion, including partial cash settlement, unless the embedded conversion option is required to be separately accounted for as a derivative under SFAS 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Convertible debt instruments within the scope of FSP APB 14-1 are not addressed by the existing APB 14. FSP APB 14-1 requires that the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments within the scope of FSP APB 14-1 be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects the entitys nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. This will require an allocation of the convertible debt proceeds between the liability component and the embedded conversion option (that is, the equity component). The difference between the principal amount of the debt and the amount of the proceeds allocated to the liability component would be reported as a debt discount and subsequently amortized to earnings over the instruments expected life using the effective interest method. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for the Group beginning July 1, 2009. The Company does not expect the adoption of FSP APB 14-1 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
3 | ACQUISITION AND DISPOSAL OF BUSINESSES |
(a) Disposal of Choco 10
On November 30, 2007, Gold Fields disposed of its assets in Venezuela to Rusoro Mining Limited (Rusoro), for a total consideration of $413.0 million comprising $180.0 million in cash and 140 million newly-issued Rusoro shares with a value of $233.0 million, which at the time of sale represented approximately 37% of the outstanding shares of Rusoro. The Group ceased to account for the Venezuelan assets as of November 30, 2007.
The Group realized a profit of $17.3 million on the sale of the Venezuelan assets, which has been included in profit on sale of subsidiaries in the consolidated statement of operations. Due to the retention of the ongoing interest in Rusoro which is sufficient to enable the Group to exert significant influence, the Group has not classified the results of operations and cash flows of Choco 10 as discontinued.
(b) Sale of Essakane project
On October 11, 2007, Gold Fields reached an agreement to sell its 60% stake in the Essakane project to Orezone Resources Inc. (Orezone). The transaction closed on November 26, 2007. Orezone paid Gold Fields
F-18
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
$152.0 million in cash and issued 41,666,667 common shares, having an aggregate subscription price of $48.0 million, to Gold Fields wholly-owned subsidiary Gold Fields Essakane (BVI) Limited. Following the disposal, Gold Fields owned 41,666,667 common shares of Orezone, representing 12.2% of Orezones issued and outstanding common shares.
The Group realized a profit of $191.1 million on the sale of the Essakane project, which has been included in profit on sale of subsidiaries in the consolidated statement of operations.
(c) Acquisition of South Deep
On September 11, 2006, the Company announced that it had reached an agreement with Barrick Gold Corporation Limited (Barrick) to acquire the entire issued share capital of Barrick Gold South Africa (Proprietary) Limited (BGSA), which held a 50% interest in the Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture, an unincorporated entity in which Barrick and Western Areas Limited (WAL) each held an interest of 50%. The Barrick GoldWestern Areas Joint Venture owned the developing South Deep gold mine (South Deep) adjacent to the Groups Kloof gold mine, located in the Witwatersrand basin near Johannesburg. As a result of Gold Fields acquiring 100% of the issued share capital of BGSA, South Deep was fully consolidated as from December 1, 2006. On December 1, 2006, the Group already owned 40.9% in WAL shares, which increased to 73% on December 8, 2006 (see below). The interest in WAL that the Group did not already own, was accounted for as a minority interest.
On October 30, 2006, the Company commenced an offer to acquire the entire issued share capital of WAL it did not already own by offering 35 Gold Fields ordinary shares for every 100 WAL shares (the Offer). WALs principal asset was its 50% interest in South Deep. Pursuant to the Offer and the subsequent compulsory acquisition of WAL shares, the Company issued a total of 33,461,565 Gold Fields Ordinary Shares to WAL shareholders. In support of the Offer, and pursuant to an agreement between the Company and JCI Limited (JCI), and certain subsidiaries of JCI, the Company, on November 16, 2006, acquired 27 million WAL shares from one of the subsidiaries of JCI in exchange for the issue to JCI of 9,450,000 Gold Fields shares. In addition, pursuant to the agreement, Gold Fields, on November 28, 2006, exercised call options in respect of a further 9.96 million Western Areas shares held by the JCI subsidiaries.
As a result of these transactions and the Offer, Gold Fields acquired 100% of WAL and the South Deep mine.
2007 | ||
$m | ||
Purchase consideration |
||
- Gold Fields shares issued to Barrick(1) |
324.0 | |
- cash paid to Barrick |
801.8 | |
- insurance claim refund due to Barrick |
24.2 | |
- Gold Fields shares issued to WAL shareholders(2) |
893.8 | |
- direct cost relating to the acquisition |
10.7 | |
Purchase consideration excluding shares in WAL prior to obtaining control |
2,054.5 | |
Shares held in WAL prior to obtaining control(3) |
133.8 | |
Net investment in South Deep |
2,188.3 | |
(1) | The measurement of the share component of the BGSA purchase consideration represents the average market price for the two days prior to and closing date as specified by the sales agreement with Barrick. |
F-19
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(2) | The measurement of the share component of the WAL purchase consideration represents the average closing price for the two days prior to and two days after the public announcement on September 11, 2006 representing the general offer for WAL shareholders. |
(3) | The Groups financial statements in periods prior to obtaining control over WAL were adjusted in fiscal 2006 to reflect this investment under the equity method. See note 12(c). |
In accordance with the purchase method of accounting, the purchase cost of WAL and BGSA was allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed based primarily upon their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The estimated fair values were based on a combination of independent appraisals and internal estimates, with the excess of purchase cost over the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired allocated to goodwill as follows:
2007 | |||
$m | |||
The fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired are: |
|||
Property, plant and equipment |
1,867.7 | ||
Non-current assetRehabilitation Trust Fund |
4.6 | ||
Inventory |
4.6 | ||
Trade and other receivables |
284.8 | ||
Deferred taxation assets ($414.1 million less valuation allowance of $44.1 million) |
370.0 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents |
3.5 | ||
Trade and other payables |
(782.6 | ) | |
Deferred taxation liabilities |
(370.0 | ) | |
Long-term loans |
(406.8 | ) | |
Long-term provisions |
(6.8 | ) | |
Fair value of the assets and liabilities assumed |
969.0 | ||
Goodwill |
1,219.3 | ||
Total purchase consideration |
2,188.3 | ||
Prior to the acquisition of the South Deep mine by the Group, both BGSA and WAL reported cumulative losses in excess of three years. This has resulted in the Group recognizing a valuation allowance in respect of the approximately $44.1 million in net deferred tax assets (arising on taxable losses and deductable capital expenditure carry-forwards) at the acquisition date. The Group will continue to assess the appropriateness of the valuation allowance in future periods. If it is determined that a portion of the losses and deductable capital expenditure carry-forwards may be recognized without a valuation allowance, the release of the valuation allowance will, based on current accounting guidance, first reduce goodwill, before reducing current income tax expense.
The acquired business consisting of South Deep, BGSA and WAL contributed revenues of $107.9 million and loss of $54.5 million between December 1, 2006 and June 30, 2007.
Subsequent to the acquisition WAL was renamed Gold Fields Operations Limited (Gold Fields Operations) and BGSA was renamed GFI Joint Venture Holdings (Pty) Limited (GFI Joint Venture Holdings). They are referred to by those names in the remainder of these financial statements.
F-20
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Pro Forma Information (Unaudited)
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations assume that the acquisition of South Deep was completed as of July 1 for each of the fiscal years shown below.
2007 | 2006 | ||||
$m | $m | ||||
Revenues |
2,798.2 | 2,503.3 | |||
Net income |
183.3 | (220.9 | ) | ||
Basic earnings/(loss) per share |
0.30 | (0.40 | ) | ||
Weighted average number of shares used in the computation of basic earnings per share |
590,742,047 | 558,021,695 | |||
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share |
0.30 | (0.40 | ) | ||
Weighted average number of shares used in the computation of diluted earnings per share |
594,689,510 | 561,339,724 |
The unaudited pro forma information above may not be indicative of the results that would have been obtained had these events actually occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor does it intend to be a projection of future results.
(d) Acquisition of IRCA (Pty) Limited and TMTI (Pty) Limited
On February 28, 2007, Gold Fields acquired 70% in IRCA (Pty) Ltd (IRCA). IRCA specializes in mine safety training and has been incorporated in the Gold Fields Business Leadership Academy structure. On January 1, 2007, Gold Fields also acquired 100% of the issued share capital of TMTI (Pty) Ltd (TMTI). TMTI specializes in mining and artisan training in the Free State region and has been incorporated in the Gold Fields Business Leadership Academy structure.
2007 | |||
$m | |||
Details of the net assets acquired are as follows: |
|||
Purchase consideration |
|||
- cash paid |
3.2 | ||
- loans advanced |
2.1 | ||
Total purchase consideration |
5.3 | ||
Fair value of the net assets acquired |
5.3 | ||
| |||
The fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired are: |
|||
Property, plant and equipment |
4.4 | ||
Trade and other receivables |
4.1 | ||
Bank overdraft |
(2.6 | ) | |
Trade and other payables |
(2.7 | ) | |
Loans receivable |
2.7 | ||
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed |
5.9 | ||
Minority shareholders interest |
(0.6 | ) | |
Fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed |
5.3 | ||
F-21
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(e) Acquisition of Bolivar Gold Corporation Inc.
On February 28, 2006, Gold Fields increased its voting interest in Bolivar Gold Corp. (Bolivar) to 100.0%. The only substantial component of Bolivars underlying net asset value is its 95.0% ownership in Promotora Minera de Guayana (PMG). Therefore, in bringing to account the assets and liabilities of Bolivar consequent upon its acquisition, minority shareholders interests of 5.0% have been recognized. Bolivar owns the Choco 10 open pit gold mine in the El Callao gold district of Bolivar state, Venezuela. The acquired business contributed revenues of $16.9 million and net income of $3.2 million for the year ended June 30, 2006.
2006 | |||
$m | |||
Details of the net assets acquired are as follows: |
|||
Purchase consideration |
|||
- Consideration given |
324.0 | ||
- direct costs relating to the acquisition |
4.6 | ||
Total purchase consideration |
328.6 | ||
The fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired are: |
|||
Property, plant and equipment |
584.1 | ||
Inventory |
5.3 | ||
Trade and other receivables |
9.0 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents |
5.9 | ||
Trade and other payables |
(9.1 | ) | |
Deferred taxation |
(169.9 | ) | |
Long-term loans |
(74.2 | ) | |
Long-term provisions |
(3.6 | ) | |
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed |
347.5 | ||
Minority shareholders interest (5.0%) |
(18.9 | ) | |
Fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed |
328.6 | ||
Pursuant to an agreement reached on July 15, 2005 between Bolivar Gold Corp (Bolivar), the previous holder of the interest in the Choco 10 concession, and CVG Ferrominera del Orinoco, C.A. (CVG), Bolivar increased its interest in the Choco 10 mine from 70% to 95%. In consideration for such increased shareholding, Bolivar agreed to pay an amount of U.S.$6 million to CVG payable in installments. The Choco 10 mine was disposed of during fiscal 2008 as described in note 3(a).
F-22
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(f) Acquisition of Sociedad Minera La Cima SA
On January 11, 2006, the Group acquired 92% of the voting interest (80.7% of the economic interest) in Sociedad Minera La Cima SA, which owns the Cerro Corona Project and other mineral properties in the Cajamarca district in Northern Peru. The acquisition is a project and therefore did not contribute revenue or net income to the Group since its acquisition.
2006 $m |
|||
Details of the net assets acquired are as follows: |
|||
Purchase consideration: |
|||
cash paid |
40.5 | ||
The fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired are: |
|||
Property, plant and equipment |
47.7 | ||
Trade and other receivables |
0.2 | ||
Trade and other payables |
(2.5 | ) | |
Bank overdraft |
(1.5 | ) | |
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed |
43.9 | ||
Minority shareholders interest (19.3%) |
(3.4 | ) | |
Fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed |
40.5 | ||
4 | IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS |
2008 $m |
2007 $m |
2006 $m | ||||
St Ives |
2.6 | | | |||
Agnew |
2.8 | | | |||
Biox® |
6.0 | | | |||
11.4 | | | ||||
St Ives$2.6 million
The impairment relates to the closure of the St Ives Junction mine and the original Leviathan pit.
Agnew$2.8 million
The impairment relates to the rehabilitation assets relating to an old slimes dam at Agnew that is no longer in use.
Biox®$6.0 million
During fiscal 2008, the Group also impaired its patented technology, known as the Biox® process, which is used for the pretreatment of refractory ores and concentrates prior to gold recovery through conventional cyanide leaching techniques. On October 2, 2008 the Group entered into an agreement to sell its Biox® technology process. See note 25.
F-23
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
5 | FINANCE EXPENSE |
2008 $m |
2007 $m |
2006 $m |
|||||||
Interest expenseMvelaphanda loan |
(61.0 | ) | (61.6 | ) | (69.3 | ) | |||
Interest expensepreference share dividend |
(2.7 | ) | | | |||||
Interest expenseother |
(36.7 | ) | (27.7 | ) | (5.1 | ) | |||
Realized (loss)/gain on foreign debt, net of cash |
| (5.9 | ) | 18.8 | |||||
(100.4 | ) | (95.2 | ) | (55.6 | ) | ||||
Finance expense for the periods presented above is stated net of amounts capitalized of $42.1 million in fiscal 2008, $16.7 million in fiscal 2007 and $1.7 in fiscal 2006.
6 | INCOME AND MINING TAX EXPENSE |
2008 $m |
2007 $m |
2006 $m |
|||||||
Current income and mining taxes |
|||||||||
South Africa |
(120.8 | ) | (59.2 | ) | (57.0 | ) | |||
Ghana |
(55.2 | ) | (41.6 | ) | (34.3 | ) | |||
Australia |
(12.7 | ) | (20.3 | ) | (9.3 | ) | |||
Peru |
(5.6 | ) | | | |||||
Venezuela |
(0.8 | ) | (1.7 | ) | (3.0 | ) | |||
Current income and mining taxes |
(195.1 | ) | (122.8 | ) | (103.6 | ) | |||
Deferred income taxes |
|||||||||
South Africa |
(61.5 | ) | (69.3 | ) | 3.6 | ||||
Ghana |
(8.7 | ) | (11.6 | ) | (3.6 | ) | |||
Australia |
(2.8 | ) | (5.3 | ) | (7.0 | ) | |||
Peru |
(3.0 | ) | | | |||||
Venezuela |
(0.1 | ) | (0.3 | ) | | ||||
Deferred income and mining taxes |
(76.1 | ) | (86.5 | ) | (7.0 | ) | |||
Total income and mining taxes |
(271.2 | ) | (209.3 | ) | (110.6 | ) | |||
F-24
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The Companys pre-tax income/(losses) before share of equity investees share of income/(losses) and minority interests comprise:
South Africa |
430.8 | 281.3 | 129.4 | |||||
Ghana |
200.4 | 145.9 | 143.2 | |||||
Australia |
7.2 | 65.3 | 30.2 | |||||
Peru |
(0.7 | ) | (4.4 | ) | | |||
Venezuela |
8.6 | (6.5 | ) | 6.3 | ||||
British Virgin Islands(1) |
179.1 | | | |||||
Other |
15.4 | | | |||||
840.8 | 481.6 | 309.1 | ||||||
(1) | The pre-tax income relates to non-operating entities incorporated in the British Virgin Islands, which include the profit realized on the sale of the Essakane project. |
South African mining tax on mining income is determined on a formula basis which takes into account the profit and revenue from mining operations during the year. Non-mining income is taxed at a standard rate. Deferred tax is provided at the estimated effective mining tax rate on temporary differences. Major items causing the Groups income tax provision to differ from the South African mining statutory rate of 43% (2007 and 2006: 45%) were:
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
$m | $m | $m | |||||||
Tax on net income at South African mining statutory rate |
(361.5 | ) | (216.7) | (138.6 | ) | ||||
Rate adjustment to reflect estimated effective mining tax rate in South Africa of 38% (2007: 38% and 2006: 39%), tax rate in Ghana of 25% (2007: 25% and 2006: 26.5%), tax rate in Australia of 30% (2007 and 2006: 30%), tax rate in Venezuela of 34% (2007 and 2006: 34%) and tax rate in Peru of 35.6% (2007 and 2006: not applicable). |
47.2 | 62.6 | 59.0 | ||||||
South African mining tax formula rate adjustment |
30.5 | 27.9 | 13.5 | ||||||
Valuation allowance raised against deferred tax assets |
(34.0 | ) | (20.5 | ) | (4.7 | ) | |||
Non taxable income/non deductible expenditure |
74.6 | (45.5 | ) | (22.3 | ) | ||||
Reversal of valuation allowance previously raised against deferred tax assets |
4.2 | 3.8 | | ||||||
Ghanaian tax rate adjustment |
| | 8.4 | ||||||
Australian tax benefit from tax consolidations |
| 3.3 | | ||||||
South African capital gains tax |
(0.9 | ) | | | |||||
Foreign levies and royalties |
(33.5 | ) | (29.4 | ) | (24.9 | ) | |||
Other |
2.2 | 5.2 | (1.0 | ) | |||||
Income and mining tax expense |
(271.2 | ) | (209.3 | ) | (110.6 | ) | |||
F-25
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Deferred income and mining tax liabilities and assets on the balance sheet of June 30, 2008 and 2007, relate to the following:
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Deferred income and mining tax liabilities |
||||||
Mining assets |
1,639.8 | 1,703.9 | ||||
Investment in environmental trust fund |
35.6 | 33.5 | ||||
Inventory |
3.7 | (1.2 | ) | |||
Other |
30.5 | 35.4 | ||||
Gross deferred income and mining tax liabilities |
1,709.6 | 1,771.6 | ||||
Provisions, including rehabilitation accruals |
(103.6 | ) | (79.1 | ) | ||
Tax losses |
(423.6 | ) | (374.5 | ) | ||
Financial instruments |
| (1.2 | ) | |||
Unredeemed capital expenditure |
(644.7 | ) | (595.5 | ) | ||
Gross deferred income and mining tax assets |
(1,171.9 | ) | (1,050.3 | ) | ||
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets |
186.4 | 155.8 | ||||
Total deferred income and mining tax assets |
(985.5 | ) | (894.5 | ) | ||
Net deferred income and mining tax liabilities |
724.1 | 877.1 | ||||
Less short term portion of deferred income and mining tax included in accounts payable |
(4.2 | ) | 2.4 | |||
Net deferred income and mining tax liabilities |
719.9 | 879.5 | ||||
The classification of deferred income and mining tax liabilities or assets is based on the related liability or asset creating the deferred tax. Deferred taxes not related to a specific liability or asset are classified based on the estimated period of reversal.
The Group has established a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets where cumulative losses require a valuation allowance, or where management believes that they will not be realized based on projections as of June 30, 2008 and 2007. The valuation allowance relates primarily to net operating loss carry-forwards for the entities below, except for Gold Fields Operations and GFI Joint Venture Holdings which also include unredeemed capital expenditure.
2008 | 2007 | |||
$m | $m | |||
Orogen Investments SA (Luxembourg) |
63.5 | 57.2 | ||
Gold Fields Arctic Platinum Oy |
31.8 | 31.8 | ||
Living Gold (Pty) Limited |
4.7 | 2.1 | ||
Gold Fields Operations |
31.6 | 7.9 | ||
GFI Joint Venture Holdings |
54.1 | 54.3 | ||
Gold Fields Limited |
| 2.5 | ||
Other |
0.7 | | ||
186.4 | 155.8 | |||
F-26
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
As at June 30, 2008 and 2007 the Group has unredeemed capital expenditure and tax loss carry forwards available for deduction against future mining income at its South African mining operations as follows:
| unredeemed capital expenditure at the Beatrix Division of GFI Mining South Africa (Pty) Limited of $196.6 million (2007: $238.0 million). |
| unredeemed capital expenditure at Gold Fields Operations of $277.1 million (2007: $272.5 million). |
| unredeemed capital expenditure at GFI Joint Venture Holdings of $723.6 million (2007: $768.3 million). |
| estimated assessed losses at Gold Fields Operations of $557.9 million (2007: $555.1 million). |
| estimated assessed losses at GFI Joint Venture Holdings of $104.0 million (2007: $103.8 million). |
| estimated assessed losses at Gold Fields Shared Services (Pty) Limited of $nil million (2007: $3.3 million). |
| estimated assessed losses at GFL Mining Services Limited of $nil million (2007: $5.8 million). |
| estimated assessed losses at Gold Fields Protection Services Limited of $nil million (2007: $0.03 million). |
| estimated assessed losses at Gold Fields Limited of $1.5 million (2007: $8.7 million). |
| estimated assessed losses at Living Gold (Pty) Limited of $16.9 million (2007: $7.3 million). |
These future deductions are utilizable against income generated by the individual tax entity concerned and do not expire unless the tax entity ceases to commercially mine for a period longer than one year. Under South African mining tax ring-fencing legislation, each tax entity is treated separately and as such these deductions can only be utilized by the tax entities in which the deductions have been generated.
The Group has estimated capital allowances to be offset against future income of $28.1 million (2007: $27.2 million), $7.8 million (2007: $6.2 million) and $707.9 million (2007: $326.5 million) at Gold Fields Ghana Limited, Abosso Goldfields Limited and Gold Fields La Cima, respectively. The estimated capital allowances do not have an expiration date. In terms of current Ghanaian taxation legislation, tax losses not utilized by Gold Fields Ghana Limited and Abosso Goldfields Limited are forfeited after 5 years. Gold Fields Ghana Limited, Abosso Goldfields Limited and Gold Fields La Cima currently have no tax losses available for utilization against future profits.
The Group has tax losses available of $211.5 million (2007: $133.9 million) at Orogen Investments SA (Luxembourg), which can only be used to offset future interest income generated by Orogen Investments SA (Luxembourg). In terms of current Luxembourg taxation legislation, losses incurred in accounting periods subsequent to December 31, 1990, can be carried forward indefinitely. Losses incurred prior to this date could only be carried forward for 5 years. All losses incurred by Orogen Investments SA (Luxembourg) were incurred subsequent to December 31, 1990.
Australian tax legislation makes provision for companies that consolidate for tax purposes to recalculate their tax values based on a market value calculation. This gross up calculation was performed in fiscal 2005 by Gold Fields subsidiaries in Australia and Gold Fields recorded a net deferred tax benefit of $26.8 million. There was an additional adjustment to the tax benefit recorded in year ended June 30, 2007 of $3.3 million.
F-27
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The Group has estimated tax losses of $32.8 million (2007: $19.8 million) at Gold Fields Australia (Pty) Limited. These estimated tax losses do not have an expiration date. In terms of current Australian taxation legislation, tax losses incurred by Gold Fields Australia (Pty) Limited are carried forward indefinitely.
FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48)
In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN 48, to create a single model to address accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes, by prescribing that a minimum recognition threshold tax position is required to be met before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also provides guidance on de-recognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and Gold Fields adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on July 1, 2007. Upon adoption, the Group did not identify any material unrecognized tax benefits and no cumulative effect adjustment to the July 1, 2007 balance of retained earnings was therefore required.
Tax years open for assessments
South Africa(1) |
20012007 | |
Ghana(2) |
All years open | |
Australia(3) |
20022007 | |
Peru(4) |
20032007 |
Notes:
(1) | The South African Tax legislation allows the Revenue Authorities to reopen assessments issued for a period of up to 3 years after the assessments were issued. |
(2) | The Ghanaian Tax Authorities have the right to examine and, if necessary, amend the income tax determined by the relevant Group entity for any year without any limitation to the years which may be reassessed. |
(3) | The Australian Tax Authorities have the right to examine and, if necessary, amend the income tax determined by the relevant Group entity in the last four years, as from the date the tax returns have been filed. |
(4) | The Peruvian Tax Authorities have the right to examine and, if necessary, amend the income tax determined by the relevant Group entity in the last four years, as from the date the tax returns have been filed. |
It is possible that the Group will receive assessments during the next twelve months, which may have an effect on uncertain tax positions. The Group cannot estimate the amounts of possible changes as a result of an assessment.
F-28
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
7 | EARNINGS PER SHARE |
For the year ended June 30, 2008 | ||||||
Income Numerator $ m |
Shares Denominator |
Per-share Amount $ | ||||
Basic earnings per share |
||||||
Shares outstanding July 1, 2007 |
652,158,066 | |||||
Weighted average number of shares issued during the year |
380,146 | |||||
Income available to common stockholders |
452.5 | 652,538,212 | 0.69 | |||
Fully diluted earnings per share |
||||||
Effect of dilutive securities* |
| 3,713,993 | ||||
Income available to common stockholders |
452.5 | 656,252,205 | 0.69 | |||
* | The conversion of Mvelas debt to equity, which would have resulted in the issue of another 50,000,000 shares, is anti-dilutive and has been excluded from the calculation. |
For the year ended June 30, 2007 | ||||||
Income Numerator $ m |
Shares Denominator |
Per-share Amount $ | ||||
Basic earnings per share |
||||||
Shares outstanding July 1, 2006 |
494,824,723 | |||||
Weighted average number of shares issued during the year |
63,434,963 | |||||
Income available to common stockholders |
246.1 | 558,259,686 | 0.44 | |||
Fully diluted earnings per share |
||||||
Effect of dilutive share options* |
| 3,947,462 | ||||
Income available to common stockholders |
246.1 | 562,207,148 | 0.44 | |||
* | The conversion of Mvelas debt to equity, which would have resulted in the issue of another 47,000,049 shares, is anti-dilutive and has been excluded from the calculation. |
For the year ended June 30, 2006 | ||||||
Income Numerator $ m |
Shares Denominator |
Per-share Amount $ | ||||
Basic earnings per share |
||||||
Shares outstanding July 1, 2005 |
492,294,226 | |||||
Weighted average number of shares issued during the year |
628,715 | |||||
Income available to common stockholders |
161.7 | 492,922,941 | 0.33 | |||
Fully diluted earnings per share |
||||||
Effect of dilutive share options* |
| 3,318,029 | ||||
Income available to common stockholders |
161.7 | 496,240,970 | 0.33 | |||
* | The conversion of Mvelas debt to equity, which would have resulted in the issue of another 48,216,049 shares, is anti-dilutive and has been excluded from the calculation. |
F-29
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
8 | RECEIVABLES |
2008 $m |
2007 $m | |||
Gold sale trade receivables |
64.7 | 59.8 | ||
Other trade receivables |
44.3 | 26.3 | ||
Deposits |
0.4 | 3.0 | ||
Value added tax |
131.0 | 83.1 | ||
Interest receivable |
0.8 | 0.6 | ||
Payroll debtors |
4.5 | 3.3 | ||
Prepayments |
23.9 | 35.2 | ||
Diesel rebate |
1.2 | 0.9 | ||
Insurance claim receivable |
| 64.9 | ||
STC refund |
| 2.4 | ||
Debt issuance costs |
0.6 | 1.6 | ||
Short term portion of deferred income and mining tax |
| 2.4 | ||
Other |
8.7 | 14.2 | ||
280.1 | 297.7 | |||
The insurance claim receivable relates to the South Deep skip accident which occurred on May 4, 2006. The $64.9 million was raised in full and final settlement of the insurers obligation in terms of the claim, which amount was received in fiscal 2008. Of this total receivable, $24.2 million was refunded to Barrick in terms of the sale agreement of BGSA reached between the Group and Barrick. See note 3(c).
9 | INVENTORIES |
2008 | 2007 | |||
$m | $m | |||
Ore stockpiles |
32.4 | 23.2 | ||
Gold in-process |
18.9 | 24.6 | ||
Consumable stores |
99.5 | 95.5 | ||
Other |
2.0 | 1.6 | ||
152.8 | 144.9 | |||
F-30
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
10 | PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT |
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Cost |
8,701.5 | 8,525.4 | ||||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(3,277.8 | ) | (2,948.6 | ) | ||
5,423.7 | 5,576.8 | |||||
Mining properties, mine development costs, mine plant facilities and mineral interests |
5,126.1 | 5,043.9 | ||||
Asset retirement costs |
76.4 | 66.3 | ||||
Other non-mining assets |
221.2 | 466.6 | ||||
5,423.7 | 5,576.8 | |||||
Included in property, plant and equipment is cumulative capitalized interest relating to the following assets: |
||||||
South African operations |
5.6 | 0.6 | ||||
Tarkwa Mine |
5.1 | 2.1 | ||||
Cerro Corona |
47.6 | 15.7 | ||||
58.3 | 18.4 | |||||
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment amounted to $400.5 million (2007: $388.2 million and 2006: $353.3 million).
11 | GOODWILL |
2008 | 2007 | ||||
$m | $m | ||||
Balance at beginning of the year |
1,222.7 | | |||
Arising on acquisition of subsidiary |
| 1,219.3 | |||
Translation adjustment |
(129.9 | ) | 3.4 | ||
Balance at end of the year |
1,092.8 | 1,222.7 | |||
The goodwill arose on the acquisition of South Deep as described in note 3(c) and was attributable to the upside potential of the asset, deferred tax and other factors. The total goodwill has been allocated to South Deep, being the reporting unit where it is tested for impairment as part of the reporting unit.
Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis on June 30. In addition, the group reviews and tests the carrying value of assets when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of a reporting unit may not be recoverable.
For goodwill impairment testing purposes, Gold Fields estimated the fair value of the South Deep reporting unit. The process for determining fair value is subjective as gold mining companies typically trade at a market capitalization that is based on a multiple of net asset value and requires management to make numerous assumptions. The net asset value represents a discounted cash flow valuation based on expected future cash flows. The expected future cash flows used to determine the fair value of the reporting unit are inherently uncertain and could materially change over time. They are significantly affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, reserves and production estimates, together with economic factors such as the spot
F-31
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
gold price and foreign currency exchange rates, estimates of production costs, future capital expenditure and discount rates. Therefore it is possible that outcomes within the next financial year that are materially different from the assumptions used in the impairment testing process could require an adjustment to the carrying values.
Based on managements assessments, no impairment to the goodwill was required at June 30, 2008. Managements estimates and assumptions for the goodwill impairment test include:
| Long-term gold price of R210,000 per kilogram ($800 per oz at an exchange rate of R8.16 to $1.00) over the life of mine, which is 42 years; |
| An appropriate discount rate based on a calculated weighted average cost of capital to Gold Fields; |
| Expected future operating costs and capital expenditures to produce proven and probable gold reserves based on mine plans that assume current plant capacity, but exclude the impact of inflation; and |
| Expected cash flows associated with value beyond proven and probable reserves. |
12 | NON-CURRENT INVESTMENTS |
2008 | 2007 | |||
$m | $m | |||
Listed investments (a) |
442.4 | 276.8 | ||
Unlisted investments (b) |
27.8 | 31.2 | ||
Amounts contributed to environmental trust funds (c) |
93.3 | 87.8 | ||
Equity investees (d) |
171.1 | 1.2 | ||
Other investments |
2.8 | 4.8 | ||
737.4 | 401.8 | |||
(a) | Listed investments mainly consist of 55,381,651 shares in Sino Gold Limited valued at $5.17 per share (2007: 31,658,185 shares at $4.76 per share), 8,397,858 shares in Mvelaphanda Resources Limited valued at $7.44 per share (2007: 5,725,584 at $8.99 per share), 51,783,338 shares in Conquest Mining Limited valued at $0.41 per share (2007: 25,895,897 at $0.65 per share), 5,362,500 shares in GoldQuest Mining Corporation valued at $0.37 per share (2007: 5,362,500 at $0.87 per share), 3,130,400 shares in Troy Resources NL valued at $2.09 per share (2007: 3,010,000 at $2.10 per share), 41,666,667 shares in Orezone Resources Inc valued at $1.09 per share (2007: nil shares) and nil shares in Committee Bay Resources Inc. (2007: 8,133,333 at $0.42 per share). |
The fair value of listed investments at June 30, 2008 of $442.4 million (2007: $276.8 million) comprises a cost of $306.3 million (2007: $150.8 million) and a net unrealized gain of $136.1 million (2007: $126.0 million). The net unrealized gain comprises a gross unrealized gain of $147.2 million (2007: $133.0 million) partly offset by a gross unrealized loss of $11.1 million (2007: $7.0 million). The gross unrealized loss of $11.1 million (2007: $7.0 million) comprises 8 equity investments (2007: 13) in listed entities. None of these equity investments have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. |
(b) | Unlisted investments comprise investments in various unlisted companies in South Africa and are carried at their original cost in the balance sheet as the directors believe that the original cost is not materially different from the fair value. Unlisted investments mainly consist of preference shares in Mvelaphanda Resources Limited with a cost of $25.0 million (2007: $28.0 million). |
F-32
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(c) | The environmental trust funds are irrevocable trusts under the Groups control. The monies in the trusts are invested primarily in interest bearing short-term investments and the costs of these investments approximate their fair values. The investments provide for the estimated cost of rehabilitation during and at the end of the life of the Groups South African mines. While the asset is under the Companys control, it is not available for the general purposes of the Company. All income from this asset is restricted in use and reinvested or spent to meet the environmental rehabilitation obligations. These obligations are described in note 15, Provision for Environmental Rehabilitation. |
(d) | Equity investees comprises the following at June 30, 2008 and 2007: |
Description of business | Ownership % | Market value | ||||||||
Investment |
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Rusoro Mining Limited |
Gold Mining | 36.2 | | 165.7 | | |||||
Rand Refinery Limited |
Refining of gold bullion and by-products |
34.9 | 34.9 | | |
The carrying value of the equity investment in Rusoro: |
2008 | |||
$m | |||
Balance at July 1 |
|||
Arising on disposal of interest in the Venezuelan assets |
236.9 | ||
Share of current year loss |
(20.7 | ) | |
Other comprehensive income movements |
9.6 | ||
Impairment of investment |
(61.3 | ) | |
Translation |
1.2 | ||
Balance at June 30 |
165.7 | ||
Rusoro, a company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange, is a junior gold producer with a large land position in the Bolivar State gold region of southern Venezuela. Gold Fields acquired a 36.2% interest (140 million shares) in Rusoro as part of the consideration for the sale of the Groups Venezuelan assets. |
The investment in Rusoro has been impaired to market value at June 30, 2008. |
The carrying value of the equity investment in Rand Refinery Limited (Rand Refinery): |
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Balance at July 1 |
1.2 | | ||||
Arising on acquisition of South Deep |
| 0.4 | ||||
Share of current year profits recognized |
4.7 | 2.0 | ||||
Dividend received |
| (1.4 | ) | |||
Translation |
(0.5 | ) | 0.2 | |||
Balance at June 30 |
5.4 | 1.2 | ||||
The carrying value of the equity investment in Rand Refinery was reduced to nil in fiscal 2006 because Gold Fields share of the losses exceeded its carrying value in Rand Refinery. Gold Fields obligation to make good its share of the losses in the investee is limited to the carrying value of the investment. Due to profits realized in fiscal 2007 the carrying value of the investment has been adjusted accordingly. During the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Company received dividends from Rand Refinery of $nil million and $1.4 million, respectively. |
F-33
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Rand Refinery acts as a sale agent on behalf of the Companys African operations. The market value of the Companys investment in Rand Refinery is not readily determinable. At June 30, 2008 an amount of $25.5 million was owing from Rand Refinery (2007: $35.9 million). |
Prior to obtaining control of Gold Fields Operations in fiscal 2007, the Group accounted for its equity in losses of Gold Fields Operations on a step-by-step basis as follows: |
2007 | |||
$m | |||
Balance at July 1, 2006 |
115.0 | ||
Acquisition of shares |
311.7 | ||
Share of losses recognized |
(5.6 | ) | |
Net profit on dilution as the Group did not participate in share issue by Gold Fields Operations |
3.9 | ||
Translation |
2.8 | ||
Transfer to investment subsidiary |
(427.8 | ) | |
Balance at December 1, 2006 |
| ||
13 | ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND PROVISIONS |
2008 | 2007 | |||
$m | $m | |||
Trade payables |
193.7 | 208.1 | ||
Accruals |
206.0 | 122.8 | ||
Payroll and other compensation(1) |
57.8 | 42.3 | ||
Insurance claim refundable(2) |
| 24.2 | ||
Leave pay accrual |
47.1 | 51.1 | ||
Funds received for shares to be issued(3) |
96.0 | | ||
Financial instruments payable |
1.4 | 13.7 | ||
Foreign levies payable |
2.9 | 1.2 | ||
Short term portion of deferred income and mining tax |
4.2 | | ||
Other |
1.2 | 0.2 | ||
610.3 | 463.6 | |||
Notes:
(1) | Includes $9.0 million relating to an accrual for the retrenchment of 1,900 employees at the South Deep mine as a result of the closure of mining operations on the Ventersdorp Contact Reef. |
(2) | See note 8 Receivables. |
(3) | Relates to funds received from the minority shareholders of Gold Fields La Cima for shares to be issued. At June 30, 2008 the shares had not been issued due to statutory requirements not being finalized. The shares were issued during fiscal 2009 and the amount reflected above was transferred to minority interests. |
F-34
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
14 | LONGTERM LOANS |
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Collateralized |
||||||
- Mvelaphanda loan agreement (a) |
522.9 | 593.2 | ||||
- Syndicated loan (b) |
| | ||||
- Split-tenor revolving credit facility (c) |
510.5 | 717.3 | ||||
- Project finance facility (d) |
150.0 | 127.0 | ||||
- Preference shares (e) |
152.4 | | ||||
Uncollateralized |
||||||
- Industrial Development Corporation loan (f) |
1.1 | 1.2 | ||||
- Other loans |
0.2 | 0.6 | ||||
1,337.1 | 1,439.3 | |||||
Current portion included in current liabilities |
(772.9 | ) | (227.5 | ) | ||
Total long-term loans |
564.2 | 1,211.8 | ||||
(a) Mvelaphanda loan
On March 17, 2004, Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited (Mvela Gold), a wholly owned subsidiary of Mvelaphanda Resources Limited, advanced an amount of $591.3 million to GFI Mining South Africa (Pty) Limited (GFIMSA), (the Mvela Loan). The loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 10.57% nominal annual compounded semi-annually and is guaranteed by Gold Fields, Gold Fields Australia and Gold Fields Holding Company (BVI) Limited (formerly Gold Fields Guernsey). Interest is payable semi-annually and the loan amount is repayable five years from the date of advance. While the Mvela Loan is outstanding, Gold Fields and any of its material subsidiaries, which is defined as any subsidiary whose gross revenue in the most recently ended financial year represents more than 5% of the consolidated gross revenue of Gold Fields and its subsidiaries, may not, subject to certain exceptions, (i) sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any assets, (ii) enter into any merger or similar transaction, or (iii) encumber its assets. The Mvela Loan will become immediately due and payable upon the occurrence of any event of default, identified in the contract.
In terms of the facility agreement, Gold Fields must maintain a consolidated earnings before interest, tax and depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) to consolidated net finance charge ratio of at least 6 to 1, consolidated EBITDA to net debt service charge at least 3.5, consolidated net borrowings to consolidated EBITDA of at least 2 to 1 and a consolidated net tangible worth of at least $650.0 million.
On the date the loan is repaid, Mvela Gold is obligated to use the entire proceeds of the loan repayment to subscribe for new shares in GFIMSA such that after the subscription it will own 15% of the enlarged equity of GFIMSA.
In addition, for a period of one year after the subscription by Mvela Gold of the GFIMSA shares, each of Gold Fields and Mvela Gold will be entitled to require the exchange of Mvela Golds GFIMSA shares for ordinary shares of Gold Fields of an equivalent value based on an exchange ratio equal to 15% of a discounted cash flow calculation as applied to GFIMSAs operations divided by the same calculation as applied to Gold Fields operations, with certain adjustments.
On March 17, 2008, a Memorandum of Agreement was signed between Mvela Gold and Gold Fields whereby the number of Gold Fields shares for which the GFIMSA shares are to be exchanged was fixed at 50,000,000.
F-35
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
In connection with the Mvela loan, GFIMSA entered into two interest rate swaps, an amortizing and an accreting swap. The amortizing swap for $236.2 million and the accreting swap of $355.1 million reflect the profile of the Mvela loan and have been designated as a fair value hedge. The fixed rate receivable on these interest rate swaps is equal to the interest rate payable on the loan from Mvelaphanda Gold (Proprietary) Limited and the floating rate payable is the three month Johannesburg Interbank Agreed Rate, or JIBAR rate plus a margin of 1.025%.
On June 3, 2005, the interest rate swaps were closed-out resulting in a gain of $36.2 million. Of the $36.2 million, $8.1 million was accounted for in the income statement as a gain on financial instruments in fiscal 2008 (2007:$8.2 million and 2006:$9.2 million). The balance of $9.9 million will be accounted for as a gain on financial instruments in the Statement of Operations of fiscal 2009.
2008 $m |
2007 $m |
|||||
Loan advanced |
591.3 | 591.3 | ||||
Fair value adjustment in relation to interest rate swap (up to close-out of swap in 2005) |
36.2 | 36.2 | ||||
Amortization of the fair value adjustment after close-out of interest rate swap |
(26.3 | ) | (18.2 | ) | ||
Translation adjustment |
(78.3 | ) | (16.1 | ) | ||
Balance at end of year |
522.9 | 593.2 | ||||
The fair value adjustment in relation to the interest rate swaps is calculated using cash flows over the remaining period of the debt discounted at the five year forward curve of the three month JIBAR rate plus a margin of 1.025%.
The Mvela loan is repayable in full on March 17, 2009.
(b) Syndicated loan
On March 3, 2006, Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, (Orogen), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gold Fields, entered into a $250.0 million syndicated loan term facility with lead lenders Barclays Bank Plc and JP Morgan Europe Limited. The purpose of the facility was to partly finance the acquisition of Bolivar Gold Corporation and to provide funding lines for general corporate purposes. Borrowings under the facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA and Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited. In terms of the facility agreement, Gold Fields must maintain a consolidated EBITDA to consolidated net finance charge ratio of at least 5 to 1 and a consolidated net borrowings to consolidated EBITDA ratio of no more than 2.5 to 1. There are also restrictions on the ability of Gold Fields and certain of its subsidiaries to encumber their assets, dispose of assets or enter into a merger or corporate reconstruction.
On March 3, 2006, Orogen drew down $158.0 million and on January 8, 2007, a further $10.0 million. The loan bore interest at three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 0.35% and was repayable on March 3, 2009. In terms of the facility agreement, Gold Fields had the option to repay the loan in whole or part by giving 10 days prior notice. The loan was repaid in full on May 21, 2007.
2008 $m |
2007 $m |
||||
Balance at beginning of year |
| 157.1 | |||
Loan advanced |
| 10.0 | |||
Loan repayments |
| (168.0 | ) | ||
Translation adjustment |
| 0.9 | |||
Balance at end of year |
| | |||
F-36
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(c) Split-tenor revolving credit facility
On May 16, 2007, GFIMSA, Orogen and Gold Fields Operations entered into a $750.0 million split-tenor revolving credit facility consisting of a $250.0 million 364-day revolving tranche with a twelve-month term out option (Facility A) and a $500.0 million 5-year revolving tranche (Facility B).
On April 28, 2008 Gold Fields Limited exercised the term-out option under Facility A which converted the full $250.0 million advance at that point into a term loan with a final maturity date of May 16, 2009. In connection with its exercising the option, Gold Fields paid a term-out fee of 0.05% on the amount that was converted. In terms of the facility agreement, Gold Fields has the option to repay the loan under Facility A early in whole or in part by giving 5 days prior notice. Facility B matures on May 16, 2012. The purpose of the facilities was to refinance existing facilities and for general corporate purposes.
On May 21, 2007, Gold Fields Operations drew down $50.8 million under Facility A and $500.0 million under Facility B. In addition, on May 21, 2007, Orogen drew down $168.0 million under Facility A. On September 25, 2007 Orogen drew down $31.1 million under Facility A.
On December 6, 2007, Gold Fields utilized the proceeds from the sale of its Essakane project in Burkina Faso and its Choco 10 mine in Venezuela to repay Facility A in its entirety ($250.0 million) and to partly repay Facility B ($10.0 million). On December 31, 2007 Gold Fields utilized the proceeds from the issue of non-convertible redeemable preference shares to further partly repay Facility B by $172.0 million. Subsequent to this Orogen drew down $73.0 million under Facility A on various dates and on April 25, 2008, Gold Fields Operations drew down $177.0 million under Facility A to partly repay its loan under Facility B. As a result, Gold Fields was able to exercise the term-out option under Facility A as detailed above. In addition Orogen drew down a further $121.0 million under Facility B on various dates subsequent to the term-out option being exercised.
The total borrowings at June 30, 2008 under both facilities are $512.0 million (2007: $718.8 million). The difference of $1.5 million between the total borrowings above and the borrowings disclosed below relates to the transaction costs deducted from the liability on initial measurement.
The loans under Facility A bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.25% per annum while the loan under Facility B bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 0.30% per annum. Where the total utilizations under Facility A are equal to or greater than 50%, a utilization fee of 0.05% per annum will be payable on the total amount of utilizations. This utilization fee is payable quarterly in arrears.
Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by Gold Fields, GFIMSA, Gold Fields Holdings Company (BVI) Limited, Orogen and Gold Fields Operations.
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Balance at the beginning of year |
717.3 | | ||||
Loan advanced, net of transaction costs |
225.1 | 718.8 | ||||
Loan repayments |
(431.9 | ) | | |||
Translation |
| (1.5 | ) | |||
Balance at end of year |
510.5 | 717.3 |
F-37
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(d) Project Finance Facility
On November 14, 2006, Gold Fields La Cima (formerly known as Sociedad Minera La Cima S.A.) entered into a $150.0 million project finance facility with a number of lenders. The purpose of the facility is to finance the project costs related to the development of the Cerro Corona copper-gold porphyry deposit located in the Hualgayoc province in the Cajamarca region in northern Peru. The facility has a 10-year maturity from signature date.
As at June 30, 2008 Gold Fields La Cima had drawn down $150.0 million (2007: $127.0 million). The loan bears interest at 3-month LIBOR plus a margin of 0.45% per annum up to the financial completion date as defined in the agreement.
2008 | 2007 | ||||
$m | $m | ||||
Balance at the beginning of year |
127.0 | | |||
Loan advanced, net of transaction costs |
23.0 | 127.1 | |||
Translation adjustment |
| (0.1 | ) | ||
Balance at end of year |
150.0 | 127.0 |
(e) Preference shares
On December 24, 2007 Gold Fields issued R1.2 billion of non-convertible redeemable preference shares to Rand Merchant Bank (RMB, a division of First Rand Bank Limited). The dividend rate payable is a floating rate that increases from 22% up to 61% of the prime lending rate quoted by FirstRand Bank Limited (the Prime Rate) over the life of the Preference Shares. In certain circumstances, the dividend rate increases to 61% of the Prime Rate in the event the Preference Shares are redeemed before their scheduled maturity date and the dividend rate is also subject to adjustment in the case of a change in law or regulation. Dividends accrue quarterly and are rolled up until the redemption date. The purpose of the preference shares was to refinance existing credit facilities.
The preference shares mature on January 24, 2011 and have been guaranteed by GFIMSA, Orogen and Gold Fields Operations. On October 10, 2008 R600.0 million of the R1,200.0 million preference shares was repaid with an attributable dividend of R23.2 million ($63.5 million capital and $2.5 million dividend at the exchange rate in effect on that date). The balance are redeemable at the option of Gold Fields.
2008 | 2007 | ||||
$m | $m | ||||
Shares issued |
172.0 | | |||
Preference share dividend |
2.7 | | |||
Translation |
(22.3 | ) | | ||
Balance at end of year |
152.4 | | |||
(f) Industrial Development Corporation loan
On May 28, 2004, Living Gold (Pty) Limited (Living Gold), a subsidiary of GFIMSA entered into an agreement with the Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Limited (IDC) in terms of which the IDC agreed to provide a loan facility of R16.9 million ($2.5 million). On November 24, 2004, Living Gold drew down the full amount of the facility.
F-38
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
On July 1, 2006 the IDC converted U.S.$1.1 million of the outstanding loan to equity in Living Gold. The remaining $1.1 million owing to the IDC is in the process of being converted to equity.
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Balance at beginning of year |
1.2 | 2.3 | ||||
Capitalization of loan to minority interests |
| (1.1 | ) | |||
Translation |
(0.1 | ) | | |||
Balance at end of year |
1.1 | 1.2 | ||||
The Group was in compliance with all of its debt covenant ratios and restrictions as of June 30, 2008 and 2007.
15 | PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION |
The Group has made, and expects to make in the future, expenditures to comply with environmental laws and regulations, but cannot predict the full amount of such future expenditures. Estimated future reclamation costs are based principally on legal and regulatory requirements. The following is a reconciliation of the total liability for environmental rehabilitation:
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Asset retirement obligations |
||||||
Balance at July 1 |
197.2 | 146.4 | ||||
Acquisition of subsidiaries |
| 5.8 | ||||
Addition to liabilities |
16.9 | 32.2 | ||||
Liabilities settled |
(3.9 | ) | (7.3 | ) | ||
Accretion of liability |
12.0 | 10.9 | ||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
(6.0 | ) | 9.2 | |||
Balance at June 30 |
216.2 | 197.2 | ||||
The Group intends to finance the ultimate rehabilitation costs of the South African operations from the monies invested with the environmental trust fund, ongoing contributions, as well as the proceeds of the sale of assets and gold from plant clean-up at the time of mine closure.
16 | PROVISION FOR POST-RETIREMENT HEALTH CARE COSTS |
2008 | 2007 | |||
$m | $m | |||
Gold Fields Group (excluding South Deep) accrued post-retirement health care costs (a) |
7.2 | 8.6 | ||
South Deep accrued post-retirement health care costs (b) |
0.7 | 0.9 | ||
Gold Fields Group accrued post-retirement health care costs |
7.9 | 9.5 | ||
The Group is exposed to obligations for post-retirement health care costs under two separate schemes, the Gold Fields Group (excluding South Deep) health care scheme and the South Deep health care scheme.
F-39
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
16.1 Gold Fields Group (excluding South Deep) accrued post-retirement health care costs
The Group has certain liabilities to subsidize the contributions payable by certain pensioners and dependants of ex-employees on a pay-as-you-go basis. The Groups contributions to these schemes on behalf of current and retired employees amounted to $0.2 million in fiscal 2008 (2007: $0.2 million and 2006: $0.3 million). The obligation has been actuarially valued and the outstanding contributions will be funded over the lifetime of these pensioners and dependants.
The following table sets forth the funded status and amounts recognized by the Group (excluding South Deep) for post-retirement health care costs:
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Actuarial present value |
7.2 | 8.6 | ||||
Plan assets at fair value |
| | ||||
Accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets |
7.2 | 8.6 | ||||
Prior service costs |
| | ||||
Unrecognized net (gain)/loss |
| | ||||
Post-retirement health care liability |
7.2 | 8.6 | ||||
The following is a reconciliation of the benefit obligation: |
||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
8.6 | 7.4 | ||||
Service costs |
0.8 | 0.7 | ||||
Contributions paid |
(0.2 | ) | (0.2 | ) | ||
Benefits forfeited |
| | ||||
Release of cross subsidization liability |
(1.4 | ) | 0.8 | |||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
(0.6 | ) | (0.1 | ) | ||
Balance at end of year |
7.2 | 8.6 | ||||
The obligation has been valued using the projected unit credit funding method on past service liabilities. The valuation assumes a health care cost inflation rate of 8.0% per annum (2007: 6.5%) and a discount rate of 10.0% per annum (2007: 8.5%).
2008 | 2007 | |||
$m | $m | |||
Service costs |
0.8 | 0.7 | ||
Net periodic benefit cost |
0.8 | 0.7 | ||
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. A one percentage point increase in assumed health care cost trend rates would have increased the aggregate of service and interest cost for 2008 by $0.1 million (2007: $0.1 million). The effect of this change on the accumulated post-retirement health care benefit obligation at fiscal year-end 2008 would be an increase of $0.3 million (2007: $0.9 million). A one percentage point decrease in assumed health care cost trend rates would have decreased the aggregate of service and interest cost for 2008 by $0.1 million (2007: $0.1 million). The effect of this change on the accumulated post-retirement health care benefit obligation at fiscal year-end 2008 would be a decrease of $0.3 million (2007: $0.8 million).
F-40
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
16.2 South Deep accrued post-retirement health care costs
As part of the acquisition of South Deep, the post-retirement health care cost liability was assumed. The Group has certain liabilities to provide fixed monthly post-retirement medical benefits to certain pensioners and dependents of ex-employees. The Groups contributions to these schemes on behalf of current and retired employees amounted to $0.2 million in fiscal 2008 (2007:$0.1 million). The obligation was actuarially valued at 30 June 2008 and the outstanding contributions will be funded until 31 December 2011.
The following table sets forth the funded status and amounts recognized by the Group for post-retirement health care costs:
2008 | 2007 | |||||
$m | $m | |||||
Actuarial present value |
0.7 | 0.9 | ||||
Plan assets at fair value |
| | ||||
Accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets |
0.7 | 0.9 | ||||
Prior service costs |
| | ||||
Unrecognized net (gain)/loss |
| | ||||
Post-retirement health care liability |
0.7 | 0.9 | ||||
The following is a reconciliation of the benefit obligation: |
||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
0.9 | | ||||
Arising on acquisition of South Deep |
| 1.1 | ||||
Service costs |
| 0.1 | ||||
Contributions paid |
(0.2 | ) | (0.1 | ) | ||
Release of cross subsidization liability |
(0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | ||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
0.1 | (0.1 | ) | |||
Balance at end of year |
0.7 | 0.9 | ||||
The obligation has been valued using the projected unit credit funding method on past service liabilities. The valuation assumes a health care cost inflation rate of 8.0% per annum (2007: 6.5%) and a discount rate of 10.0% per annum (2007: 8.5%).
2008 | 2007 | |||
$m | $m | |||
The net periodic benefit cost is explained as follows: |
||||
Service costs |
| 0.1 | ||
Net periodic benefit cost |
| 0.1 | ||
An increase or decrease in assumed health care trend rates would not have affected the interest cost for fiscal 2008. A change in the medical inflation assumption does not affect the employer liability as the subsidy does not escalate. The monthly contributions will remain constant.
F-41
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
17 | EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS |
Retirement benefits
The Gold Fields Limited Corporate Pension Fund, a defined benefit scheme, with 14 active members, transferred all pensioner members to a retirement scheme of their choice by June 30, 2005. The scheme was valued at intervals of not less than three years using the projected unit credit method. The last actuarial valuation was carried out at June 30, 2004 and showed the fund was under-funded by approximately $0.4 million, which was fully provided for. This was the only defined benefit scheme in the Group and is now in the process of being wound up.
Contributions to the various retirement schemes are fully expensed during the year in which they are funded. The cost of providing retirement benefits for the Companys defined contribution plans for the year amounted to $68.0 million (2007: $56.5 million and 2006: $51.1 million).
Share option schemes
The Company currently maintains the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan and the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan. The Company also maintains prior stock plans (the GF Management Incentive Scheme and the GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan), but no longer grants awards under these plans. The details of these Plans are discussed below.
The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan: At Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005, the shareholders approved The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan, or The 2005 Plan, under which employees, including executive directors, will be compensated going forward.
The 2005 Plan provides for two types of awards: performance vesting restricted shares, or PVRS and performance allocated share appreciation rights, or SARS. The PVRS will only be released to participants and the SARS will vest three years after the date of the award and/or allocation of such shares. However, in respect of the PVRS, Company performance criteria need to be met in respect of awards to executives. The size of the initial allocation of SARS and PVRS is dependent on the performance of the participant at the time of allocation. The allocations under The 2005 Plan are usually made annually in March. A special allocation was made in June 2008 as a direct response to the need to retain critical skills.
Details of the PVRS and SARS granted under this Plan are as follows:
Number of PVRS |
Number of SARS |
Average Price | ||||||||
Rand | $ | |||||||||
Outstanding at July 1, 2006 |
413,700 | 979,250 | 125.28 | 19.58 | ||||||
Granted during the year |
1,507,797 | 876,559 | 124.19 | 17.25 | ||||||
Exercised and released |
(2,042 | ) | (805 | ) | 125.28 | 17.40 | ||||
Forfeited |
(64,003 | ) | (89,464 | ) | 120.13 | 16.68 | ||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2007 |
1,855,452 | 1,765,540 | 124.75 | 17.45 | ||||||
Granted during the year |
4,238,161 | 2,569,481 | 105.97 | 14.58 | ||||||
Exercised and released |
(21,933 | ) | | | | |||||
Forfeited |
(674,793 | ) | (497,084 | ) | 118.77 | 16.34 | ||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2008 |
5,396,887 | 3,837,937 | 112.73 | 14.09 | ||||||
F-42
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
In terms of the 2005 Plan rules, PVRS are granted for no consideration, vest after three years from grant date and do not expire. None of the PVRS granted during the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 or 2006 were exercisable on June 30, 2008.
At the time the 2005 Plan was first implemented, the release of PVRS was subject to , among other things, the Groups relative performance on the Philadelphia XAU Index (XAU Index). In fiscal 2008, it became evident that the XAU Index was not representative of Gold Fields peer competitors, as some of the companies in the XAU Index are not pure gold mining companies. Furthermore, since the selection of the XAU Index as a benchmark, a number of relatively small gold producers have been included in the XAU Index and again these cannot be regarded as representative of Gold Fields peer competitors. Accordingly instead of using the XAU Index, Gold Fields performance will be measured against only five gold mining companies whom it believes can be regarded as its peer competitors.
The incremental fair value resulting from the modification amounted to $17.1 million to be expensed over the remaining vesting period of the instruments. The portion relating to fiscal 2008 amounted to $2.1 million and is included in share-based compensation for fiscal 2008.
In terms of the 2005 Plan rules, SARS currently expire no later than six years from the grant date and vest three years after grant date. None of the SARS granted during the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 or 2006 were exercisable on June 30, 2008. The average exercise price for SARS outstanding at June 30, 2008 was R112.73 ($14.09).
The following tables summarize information relating to the options outstanding at June 30, 2008.
Outstanding options | ||||||||||||
Weighted average | ||||||||||||
Price Range | Number of options |
Contractual life (in years) |
Exercise price | |||||||||
Rand | $ | Rand | $ | |||||||||
Range of prices |
103.99 124.19 | 13.00 15.52 | 3,127,781 | 5.58 | 109.88 | 13.73 | ||||||
124.20 127.72 | 15.53 15.97 | 710,156 | 3.75 | 125.31 | 15.66 | |||||||
Total |
3,837,937 | 5.24 | 112.73 | 14.09 | ||||||||
The PVRS have not been included in the table above as they do not have an expiry date and are granted for no consideration.
GF Management Incentive Scheme: Prior to approval of The 2005 Plan, share options were available to executive officers and other employees, as determined by the Board of Directors under The GF Management Incentive Scheme. Options to purchase a total of 4,094,909 ordinary shares were outstanding under The GF Management Incentive Scheme as of September 30, 2008, of which options to purchase 281,000 ordinary shares at a weighted average price of Rand 81.97 were held by the executive directors of Gold Fields. The exercise prices of all outstanding options range between Rand 20.90 and Rand 154.65 per ordinary share and they expire between October 12, 2008 and September 1, 2014. The exercise price of each ordinary share which is the subject of an option is the weighted average price of the ordinary shares on the JSE on the day immediately preceding the date on which the Board of Directors resolved to grant the option.
Each option may normally only be exercised by a participant on the following bases: (1) after two years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of not more than one-third of the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option; (2) after three years have elapsed from the
F-43
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of not more than a further one-third (representing two-thirds cumulatively) of the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option; and (3) after four years have elapsed from the date on which the option was accepted by the participant, in respect of all the ordinary shares which are the subject of that option, subject to revision by the Board of Directors. For so long as a person continues to work for Gold Fields, options lapse seven years after the date of acceptance of the option by the participant. Options vest as soon as they are exercisable, and employees who leave Gold Fields have one year following their departure to exercise options which have vested. Options which are not yet exercisable are forfeited upon leaving employment, subject to exceptions relating to changes in control of Gold Fields and no fault termination of service as part of organizational restructuring.
The share option scheme may be amended from time to time by the Board of Directors and the trustees of the scheme in any respect (except in relation to amendments affecting: (1) the eligibility of participants under the scheme; (2) the formula for calculating the total number of ordinary shares which may be issued under the scheme; (3) the maximum number of options which may be acquired by any participant; (4) the option price formula; and (5) the voting, dividend and transfer rights attaching to options, which may only be amended through approval in a general meeting), provided that no such amendment shall operate to affect the vested rights of any participant.
The first allocations were made under The 2005 Plan in March 2006 and no further allocations will be made under The GF Management Incentive Scheme from that date. A total of 5% of the Companys issued ordinary share capital, being 32,662,181.50 shares as of September 30, 2008, is reserved for issuance under all the prevailing share schemes described above. This percentage may only be amended with the approval of shareholders in general meeting and the JSE.
At the annual general meeting held on October 31, 2001, the shareholders approved an increase in the maximum number of shares to 5% of the Companys issued ordinary shares as at June 30, 2001, being 22,791,830 shares. The Rand amounts have been converted to U.S. dollars at the balance sheet rates for the respective fiscal years.
Details of the options granted under the GF Management Scheme are as follows:
Number of options |
Average option price | ||||||
Rand | $ | ||||||
Outstanding at July 1, 2005 |
11,140,451 | 66.91 | 9.99 | ||||
Granted during the year |
360,500 | 102.30 | 15.98 | ||||
Exercised and released |
(3,530,497 | ) | 52.96 | 8.28 | |||
Forfeited |
(1,021,894 | ) | 76.43 | 11.94 | |||
Outstanding at July 1, 2006 |
6,948,560 | 75.81 | 10.20 | ||||
Granted during the year |
| | | ||||
Exercised and released |
(899,263 | ) | 65.29 | 9.07 | |||
Forfeited |
(464,324 | ) | 76.63 | 10.64 | |||
Outstanding at July 1, 2007 |
5,584,973 | 76.66 | 10.72 | ||||
Granted during the year |
| | | ||||
Exercised and released |
(990,175 | ) | 71.82 | 9.88 | |||
Forfeited |
(382,579 | ) | 72.33 | 9.95 | |||
Outstanding at July 1, 2008 |
4,212,219 | 78.38 | 9.80 | ||||
F-44
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
In terms of the GF Management Scheme rules, options currently expire no later than seven years from the grant date and vest as follows. Upon the second anniversary of the grant date, a third of the total option grant vests, and then annually upon future anniversaries of the grant date, a further third of the total option grant vests. Proceeds received by the Company from the exercise of options are credited to common stock and additional paid-in capital. The options exercisable on June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were 3,307,624, 3,152,277 and 2,148,016 respectively. The range of exercise prices for options outstanding at June 30, 2008 was R20.90 to R154.65. The range of exercise prices for options is wide primarily due to the fluctuation of the price of the Companys stock over the period of the grants.
No further allocations are being made under the GF Management Incentive Scheme in view of the new Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan. However, during fiscal 2008 some share option expiry dates were extended to enable participants who were disadvantaged due to closed periods to be placed in an equitable position. The incremental fair value of the modification is R4.4 million ($0.6 million) and was accounted for in its entirety in fiscal 2008.
The following directors were affected by the modification:
Number of options |
Weighted average price (Rand) |
Contractual life extended by (years) | ||||
Executive Directors |
||||||
Nicholas J. Holland |
97,999 | 78.81 | 0.79 | |||
Ian D. Cockerill |
294,932 | 74.35 | 0.78 | |||
Terence P. Goodlace |
22,833 | 114.18 | 0.67 | |||
Non-Executive Directors |
||||||
Kofi Ansah |
6,700 | 68.59 | 0.59 | |||
J. Michael McMahon |
20,000 | 99.21 | 1.47 | |||
Rupert L. Pennant-Rae |
25,000 | 84.79 | 1.18 | |||
Patrick J. Ryan |
20,000 | 99.21 | 1.47 | |||
Chris I. Von Christierson |
20,000 | 99.21 | 1.47 | |||
Alan J. Wright |
55,000 | 68.41 | 1.16 |
Share option scheme
The following tables summarize information relating to the options outstanding at June 30, 2008.
Outstanding options | ||||||||||||
Weighted average | ||||||||||||
Price Range | Number of options |
Contractual life (in years) |
Exercise price | |||||||||
Rand | $ | Rand | $ | |||||||||
Range of prices |
19.47 23.60 | 2.43 2.95 | 77,000 | 0.04 | 20.90 | 2.61 | ||||||
25.67 29.45 | 3.21 3.68 | 16,000 | 0.44 | 25.67 | 3.21 | |||||||
36.07 57.50 | 4.51 7.19 | 227,200 | 0.51 | 46.31 | 5.79 | |||||||
57.51 73.29 | 7.19 9.16 | 1,639,885 | 3.80 | 65.34 | 8.17 | |||||||
73.80 84.17 | 9.23 10.52 | 1,308,670 | 2.50 | 81.30 | 10.16 | |||||||
84.18 119.90 | 10.52 14.99 | 661,798 | 2.69 | 97.43 | 12.18 | |||||||
125.37 154.65 | 15.67 19.33 | 281,666 | 1.68 | 140.51 | 17.56 | |||||||
Total |
4,212,219 | 2.82 | 78.38 | 9.80 | ||||||||
F-45
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Exercisable options | ||||||||||
Price Range | Number of options |
Weighted average exercise price | ||||||||
Rand | $ | Rand | $ | |||||||
Range of prices |
19.47 23.60 | 2.43 2.95 | 77,000 | 20.90 | 2.61 | |||||
25.67 29.45 | 3.21 3.68 | 16,000 | 25.67 | 3.21 | ||||||
36.07 57.50 | 4.51 7.19 | 227,200 | 46.31 | 5.79 | ||||||
57.51 73.29 | 7.19 9.16 | 1,041,775 | 65.29 | 8.16 | ||||||
73.80 84.17 | 9.23 10.52 | 1,158,312 | 81.93 | 10.24 | ||||||
84.18 119.90 | 10.52 14.99 | 535,877 | 96.93 | 12.12 | ||||||
125.37 154.65 | 15.67 19.33 | 251,460 | 140.18 | 17.52 | ||||||
Total |
3,307,624 | 79.41 | 9.93 | |||||||
These options will expire if not exercised at specific dates ranging from July 18, 2008 to February 20, 2013. Market prices of shares for which options were exercised during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 ranged from R87.01 to R173.80.
The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Director Share Plan: At Gold Fields annual general meeting held on November 17, 2005, the shareholders approved The Gold Fields Limited 2005 Non-Executive Share Plan, or The 2005 Non-Executive Plan. Participants in The 2005 Non-Executive Plan will be non-executive directors of Gold Fields who are not members of the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee, which is a committee comprising the Chief Executive Officer and two representatives of shareholders of Gold Fields nominated by the Chief Executive Officer under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan. The Plan provides for the release of restricted shares awarded to the non-executive directors three years after the date of the award, provided that the non-executive director is not removed, disqualified or forced to resign from the Board of Directors during that period. No consideration is payable for the grant of an award of restricted shares. Awards in respect of 29,600 shares were authorized at Gold Fields annual general meeting on November 2, 2007.
Details of the restricted shares granted under this Plan are as follows:
No. of restricted shares | ||
Outstanding at July 1, 2006 |
33,000 | |
Granted during the year |
18,000 | |
Exercised and released |
| |
Outstanding at June 30, 2007 Forfeited |
| |
Granted during the year |
51,000 | |
Exercised and released |
29,600 | |
Forfeited |
| |
Outstanding at June 30, 2008 |
| |
80,600 | ||
The restricted shares have not been split per range as they do not have an expiry date and are granted for no consideration. In addition, none of the instruments are exercisable at June 30, 2008.
During fiscal 2008, the terms of the restricted shares granted to non-executive directors were modified in the same way as the PVRS granted under the Gold Fields Limited 2005 Share Plan.
F-46
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The incremental fair value resulting from the modification amounted to $0.5 million to be expensed over the remaining vesting period of the options and the portion relating to fiscal 2008 amounted to $0.1 million and is included in share-based compensation for fiscal 2008.
The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan: Prior to the approval of The 2005 Non-Executive Plan, share options were available to non-executive directors selected by the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee. No member of the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee could be a participant in The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan. The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan was adopted at the annual general meeting of shareholders on October 31, 2001. The exercise price of each ordinary share which is the subject of an option is the weighted average price of the ordinary shares on the JSE on the day immediately preceding the date on which the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee resolves to grant the option.
Under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan, all options granted may only be exercised no less than 12 months and no more than five years after the date on which the option was accepted by the participant.
If an option holder ceases to hold office for any reason, he will be entitled within 30 days to exercise share options which he was entitled to exercise immediately prior to his ceasing to hold office, failing which the options shall automatically lapse. The share option plan may be amended from time to time by the Non-Executive Directors Remuneration Committee in any respect, except in relation to: (1) the eligibility of participants under the plan; (2) the formula for calculating the total number of ordinary shares which may be acquired pursuant to the plan; (3) the maximum number of options which may be acquired by any participant; (4) the price payable by participants; and (5) the voting, dividend and transfer rights attaching to options, which may only be amended through approval by the shareholders in a general meeting and by the JSE.
The exercise prices of all outstanding options granted under this plan range between Rand 43.70 and Rand 110.03 per ordinary share, and they expire between December 16, 2008 and September 23, 2010.
Following the approval of the 2005 Non-Executive Plan at the Annual General Meeting held on November 17, 2005 and the approval of the first allocations under that Plan at that meeting, no further allocations will be made under The GF Non-Executive Director Share Plan.
The following tables summarize information relating to the options outstanding at June 30, 2008. The Rand amounts have been converted to U.S. dollars at the balance sheet rates for the respective fiscal years.
Details of the Plan are as follows:
Number of options |
Average option price | ||||||
Rand | $ | ||||||
Outstanding as of June 30, 2005 |
405,400 | 54.92 | 8.84 | ||||
Granted during the year |
| | | ||||
Exercised and released |
(221,000 | ) | | | |||
Outstanding as of June 30, 2006 |
184,400 | 82.66 | 11.13 | ||||
Granted during the year |
| | | ||||
Exercised and released |
(10,000 | ) | | | |||
Outstanding as of June 30, 2007 |
174,400 | 83.47 | 11.67 | ||||
Granted during the year |
| | | ||||
Exercised and released |
(27,700 | ) | 81.71 | 11.24 | |||
Outstanding as of June 30, 2008 |
146,700 | 83.81 | 10.4 | ||||
F-47
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The following tables summarize information relating to options outstanding under the Plan as of June 30, 2008.
Outstanding options | ||||||||||||
Weighted average | ||||||||||||
Number of options |
Contractual life (in years) |
Exercise price | ||||||||||
Rand | $ | Rand | $ | |||||||||
Range of prices |
43.70 65.55 | 5.46 8.19 | 25,000 | 0.46 | 43.70 | 5.46 | ||||||
65.56 88.37 | 8.20 11.05 | 26,700 | 2.23 | 68.59 | 8.57 | |||||||
88.38 110.03 | 11.05 13.75 | 95,000 | 1.41 | 98.43 | 12.30 | |||||||
Total |
146,700 | 1.40 | 83.67 | 10.46 | ||||||||
Exercisable options | ||||||||||||
Weighted average | ||||||||||||
Number of options |
Contractual life (in years) |
Exercise price | ||||||||||
Rand | $ | Rand | $ | |||||||||
Range of prices |
43.70 65.55 | 5.46 8.19 | 25,000 | 0.46 | 43.70 | 5.46 | ||||||
65.56 88.37 | 8.20 11.05 | 26,700 | 2.23 | 68.59 | 8.57 | |||||||
88.38 110.03 | 11.05 13.75 | 95,000 | 1.41 | 98.43 | 12.30 | |||||||
Total |
146,700 | 1.40 | 83.67 | 10.46 | ||||||||
These options will expire if not exercised at specific dates ranging from December 16, 2008 to September 23, 2010. Market prices of shares for which options were exercised during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 ranged from R87.01 to R173.80.
The compensation cost related to awards not yet recognized under all four schemes amounts to $108.1 and is to be spread over three years.
The Company uses the Black Scholes Model to value the SARS. The inputs to the model for awards granted during the year were as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||
Weighted average exercise priceRand |
R105.98 | R124.19 | ||||
Weighted average expected volatility (based on a statistical analysis of the share price on a weighted moving average basis for the expected term of the option) |
41.7 | % | 45.9 | % | ||
Expected term (years) |
3.0 4.2 | 3.0 4.2 | ||||
Expected dividend yield |
1.5 | % | 1.5 | % | ||
Weighted average risk free interest rate |
10.82 | % | 7.89 | % | ||
Weighted average fair valueRand |
R41.72 | R50.09 | ||||
F-48
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The Company uses the Monte-Carlo Simulation to value the PVRS. The inputs to the model for awards granted during the year were as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||
Weighted average expected volatility (based on a statistical analysis of the share price on a weighted moving average basis for the expected term of the option) |
42.37 | % | 45.81 | % | ||
Expected term (years) |
3.0 | 3.0 | ||||
Expected dividend yield |
1.45 | % | 1.07 | % | ||
Weighted average three year risk free interest rate (based on US interest rates) |
2.79 | % | 4.80 | % | ||
Weighted average fair valueRand |
R146.30 | R61.62 | ||||
The Company used the following inputs to calculate the effect of the modification to the PVRS in 2008:
2008 | |||
Weighted average expected volatility (based on a statistical analysis of the share price on a weighted moving average basis for the expected term of the option) |
41.19 | % | |
Expected term (years) |
3.0 | ||
Expected dividend yield |
0.83 | % | |
Weighted average three year risk free interest rate (based on US interest rates) |
2.46 | % | |
Weighted average incremental fair value of modificationRand |
R62.53 | ||
18 | DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE AND CREDIT RISK OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS |
Risk management activities
In the normal course of its operations, the Group is exposed to commodity price, currency, interest rate, liquidity and credit risk. In order to manage these risks, the Group has developed a comprehensive risk management process to facilitate control and monitoring of these risks.
Concentration of credit risk
The Groups financial instruments do not represent a concentration of credit risk as the Group deals with a number of major banks. Accounts receivable are regularly monitored and assessed and where necessary an adequate level of provision is maintained.
A formal process of allocating counterparty exposure and prudential limits is approved by the audit committee and is applied under the supervision of the Groups executive committee. Facilities requiring margin payments are not engaged.
Foreign currency and commodity price risk
In the normal course of business the Group enters into transactions for the sale of its gold, denominated in US Dollars. In addition, the Group has assets and liabilities in a number of different currencies (primarily US Dollars and Australian Dollars). As a result, the Group is subject to transaction and translation exposure from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
F-49
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Gold Fields currently holds various hedging instruments to protect its exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates, which are described below.
South African Rand Instruments
On January 30, 2007, Gold Fields borrowed $550.8 million under a $1.8 billion credit facility entered into on November 24, 2006, or the GFIMSA Facility. On May 18, 2007, Gold Fields utilized a portion of a $750 million split-tenor revolving credit facility entered into on May 16, 2007, or the RC Facility, to refinance that borrowing. See Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesCredit Facilities. Substantially all of the $550.8 million was used to settle the WAL gold derivative structure. In connection with this borrowing, U.S. dollar/Rand forward cover was purchased during the third quarter of fiscal 2007 in an amount of $550.8 million for settlement August 6, 2007 at an average rate of Rand 7.3279. Based on a spot rate of Rand 7.1918 per $1.00. On August 6, 2007, the forward cover was extended to November 6, 2007, at an average rate of Rand 7.1987 based on spot rate of Rand 7.1000 per $1.00. The cover was extended further on November 6, 2007 to December 6, 2007 at an average rate of Rand 6.63148, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.60 per $1.00. In line with the partial repayment of the RC Facility made on December 6, 2007, forward cover of $490.0 million was extended to March 6, 2008, at an average rate of Rand 6.9118, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.80 per $1.00.
On December 28, 2007, in line with an amount of $172.0 million repaid under the facility, the forward cover maturing on March 6, 2008, was reduced to $318.0 million. In line with the rollover of the corresponding loan, the following extensions on the forward cover of $318.0 million have taken place:
| Extended on March 6, 2008, to June 6, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.9752 based on a spot rate of Rand 7.8052. |
| Extended on June 6, 2008, to July 7, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.8479, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.7799. |
| Extended on July 7, 2008, to August 7, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.9205, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.8555. |
| Extended on August 7, 2008 to September 8, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.3817, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.3193. |
| Extended on September 8, 2008 to October 8, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.9091, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.8476. |
| Extended on October 8, 2008 to November 10, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 8.7078, based on a spot rate of Rand 8.6343. |
| Extended on November 10, 2008 to December 10, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 9.9586, based on a spot rate of Rand 9.8690. |
On July 27, 2007, Gold Fields made a forward purchase of $40.0 million to pay future expenses at Orogen Holdings (BVI) Limited, or Orogen, a 100% owned subsidiary of Gold Fields. The average rate to October 30, 2007 was Rand 7.1884, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.1000. The contract was extended for a further month on October 30, 2007 to November 30, 2007 at an average rate of Rand 6.5399, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.5091. On November 30, 2007, the contract was further extended to January 31, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.0743, based on a spot rate of Rand 7.00. On January 31, 2008 the forward cover of $40.0 million was extended to April 30, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.3101 based on a spot rate of Rand 7.1650.
F-50
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
On October 4, 2007, Gold Fields made an additional forward purchase of $50.0 million to hedge foreign currency exposures. The average rate to November 21, 2007 was 6.9949, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.9474. The contract was extended for a further two months on November 21, 2007 to January 22, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 6.7899, based on a spot rate of Rand 6.72. On January 22, 2008 the forward cover was extended to April 22, 2008 at an average rate of Rand 7.1543 based on a spot rate of Rand 7.0200.
In January 2008, the Board approved the funding of the balance of the budgeted construction expense of the Cerro Corona Project using available US dollar denominated credit facilities. As a result of this decision, the forward cover of $40.0 million and $50.0 million was not renewed and expired on April 30, 2008 and April 22, 2008 respectively. This resulted in a profit of $11.4 million.
Realized gains on financial instruments are disclosed in detail under the Results of Operations section, under the sub-heading Realized (loss)/gain on financial instruments.
Interest rate and liquidity risk
Fluctuations in interest rates impact on the value of investments and financing activities, giving rise to interest rate risk. The Group does not currently hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.
In the ordinary course of business, the Group receives cash proceeds from its operations and is required to fund working capital and capital expenditure requirements. The cash is managed to ensure surplus funds are invested to maximize returns while ensuring that capital is safeguarded to the maximum extent possible by investing only with top financial institutions.
Substantial contractual arrangements for uncommitted borrowing facilities are maintained with several banking counterparties to meet the Groups normal contingency funding requirements.
Fair value
The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The carrying amounts of receivables, accounts payable and cash and cash equivalents are a reasonable estimate of their fair values due to the short-term maturity of such instruments. The investments in the environmental trust fund approximate fair value, as the monies are invested in short-term maturity investments. The listed investments are carried at market value. Long-term loans, except for the Mvela loan which is at a fixed interest rate, approximate fair value as they are subject to market based floating rates. On June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Mvela loan was fair valued based on applicable market rates.
F-51
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The estimated fair values of the Groups financial instruments are:
June 30, 2008 | June 30, 2007 | |||||||
Carrying value |
Fair value |
Carrying value |
Fair value | |||||
Financial assets |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
253.7 | 253.7 | 326.4 | 326.4 | ||||
Financial instruments |
6.9 | 6.9 | | | ||||
Receivables |
280.1 | 280.1 | 297.7 | 297.7 | ||||
Non-current investments |
737.4 | 737.4 | 401.8 | 401.8 | ||||
Financial liabilities |
||||||||
Long-term loans |
564.2 | 566.9 | 1,211.8 | 1,245.2 | ||||
Accounts payable and provisions |
610.3 | 610.3 | 463.6 | 463.6 | ||||
Financial instruments |
| | 10.8 | 10.8 | ||||
Interest payable |
29.2 | 29.2 | 34.7 | 34.7 | ||||
Bank overdraft |
2.7 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.3 | ||||
Current portion of long-term loans |
772.9 | 772.9 | 227.5 | 227.5 |
Derivative contracts as at June 30, 2008
Foreign currency contracts
The following tables summarize the foreign currency contracts held by the Company as at June 30, 2008:
$/ZAR currency contracts
Forward sales | ||||
Maturity date |
$m Notional |
ZARI = $ Strike Price | ||
July 7, 2008 |
318.0 | 0.1274 |
The mark-to-market value of these contracts amounted to a gain of $6.9 million at June 30, 2008, which value is based on the prevailing interest rates and volatility at the time.
Derivative contracts as at June 30, 2007
Foreign currency contracts
The following tables summarize the foreign currency contracts held by the Company as at June 30, 2007:
$/ZAR currency contracts
Forward sales | ||||
Maturity date |
$m Notional |
ZARI = $ Strike Price | ||
August 6, 2007 |
550.8 | 0.1365 |
The mark-to-market value of these contracts amounted to a loss of $10.8 million at June 30, 2007, which value is based on the prevailing interest rates and volatility at the time.
F-52
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
19 | ADDITIONAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
(a) | Supplemental cash flow disclosures |
The income and mining taxes paid in the statement of cash flow represents actual cash paid.
The following amounts of interest paid were included in net cash provided by operating activities:
2008 $m |
2007 $m |
2006 $m | ||||
Interest paid |
100.4 | 89.3 | 74.4 |
(b) | Non cash-items |
Excluded from the statements of cash flows are the following:
i) | For the year ended June 30, 2008 |
The $43.1 million gain on mark-to-market of listed investments.
ii) | For the year ended June 30, 2007 |
The $65.8 million gain on mark-to-market of listed investments.
iii) | For the year ended June 30, 2006 |
The $52.0 million gain on mark-to-market of listed investments.
(c) | Acquisitions of subsidiaries |
(i) | Acquisition of South Deep |
The following information reflects the cashflow impacts of the acquisition of South Deep. See note 3(c).
2007 $m |
|||
Total purchase consideration |
2,188.3 | ||
Purchase consideration settled in shares |
(1,217.8 | ) | |
Purchase of shares in prior years |
(116.6 | ) | |
Insurance claim refund due to Barrick |
(24.2 | ) | |
Purchase consideration used to settle borrowings of BGSA |
406.8 | ||
Purchase consideration settled in cash |
1,236.5 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents in subsidiary acquired |
(3.5 | ) | |
Cash outflow on acquisition |
1,233.0 | ||
The $1,233.0 million net cash paid is included in acquisition of subsidiaries on the cash flow statement.
F-53
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(ii) | Acquisition of IRCA (Pty) Limited and TMTI (Pty) Limited |
The following information reflects the cashflow impacts of the acquisition of IRCA (Pty) Limited and TMTI (Pty) Limited. See note 3(d).
2007 $m | ||
Purchase consideration settled in cash |
3.2 | |
Inter-company loans advanced |
2.1 | |
Overdraft in subsidiary acquired |
2.6 | |
Cash outflow on acquisition |
7.9 | |
The $7.9 million net cash paid is included in acquisition of subsidiaries on the cash flow statement.
(iii) | Acquisition of Bolivar Gold Corporation Inc |
The following information reflects the cashflow impacts of the acquisition of Bolivar Gold Corporation Inc. See note 3(e).
2006 $m |
|||
Total purchase consideration |
328.6 | ||
Exchange gain on funds held for acquisition of Bolivar |
(8.1 | ) | |
Purchase of shares in prior years |
(11.9 | ) | |
Long-term loans |
72.4 | ||
Purchase consideration settled in cash |
381.0 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents in subsidiary acquired |
(5.9 | ) | |
Cash outflow on acquisition |
375.1 | ||
The $375.1 million net cash paid is included in acquisition of subsidiaries on the cash flow statement.
(iv) | Acquisition of Sociedad Minera La Cima SA |
The following information reflects the cashflow impacts of the acquisition of Sociedad Minera La Cima SA. See note 3(f).
2006 $m | ||
Purchase consideration settled in cash |
40.5 | |
Cash and cash equivalents in subsidiary acquired |
| |
Cash outflow on acquisition |
40.5 | |
The $40.5 million net cash paid is included in acquisition of subsidiaries on the cash flow statement.
F-54
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
20 | COMMITMENTS |
2007 | 2006 | |||
$m | $m | |||
Capital expenditure |
||||
Authorized |
2,091.8 | 2,075.5 | ||
Contracted for |
167.5 | 207.0 | ||
Other guarantees |
39.6 | 43.0 |
Guarantees consist of (a) $33.9 million (comprising a loan of $18.8 million and interest of $15.1 million) to the Public Investment Commissioners (PIC) with regard to the Mvela Loan, (b) $2.3 million to New Africa Mining Fund (NAMF) and (c) $3.4 million for numerous other obligations. NAMF is a private equity fund incorporated in South Africa for the purpose of investing in junior mining opportunities in South Africa and the broader Africa continent. The Group also provides environmental obligation guarantees with respect to its Ghanaian and Australian operations. These guarantees, amounting to $27.1 million at June 30, 2008, have not been included in the amount of guarantees of $39.6 million because they are fully provided for under the asset retirement obligation.
Under the PIC agreement, the Company has effectively guaranteed a loan of R150.0 million ($18.8 million) made by the PIC to certain lenders to Mvela, at an interest rate of 14.25%. Under the terms of the agreement, the PIC has the right to require the Company to assume all its rights and obligations under this loan together with its underlying security. The PIC is obliged to pay the Company a guarantee fee equal to 3.75% per annum on the date the loan is repaid.
Commitments will be funded from internal cash resources and borrowings as necessary.
21 | CONTINGENT LIABILITIES |
World Gold Council
Gold Fields is a member of the World Gold Council. In terms of the membership agreement, all members are responsible for certain costs, including ongoing costs on a three year rolling basis, winding up costs, if applicable, and various other contingent liabilities. Apportionment of liabilities, should they arise, is done proportionate to the members production relative to the total production of all members. To date, no claims have been made on Gold Fields.
Occupational health care services
The Group provides occupational health care services to its employees through its existing facilities at the various operations. There is a risk that the cost of providing such services could increase in the future depending upon changes in the nature of underlying legislation and the profile of employees. This increased cost, should it transpire, is currently indeterminate. The Group is monitoring developments in this regard.
22 | LINES OF CREDIT |
The Group had unused lines of credit available amounting to $371.3 million (R3.0 billion) at June 30, 2008 (2007: $420.0 million).
F-55
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
23 | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
New Africa Mining Fund
John G Hopwood, a non-executive director of Gold Fields Limited, is a Trustee of New Africa Mining Fund and is the Chairman of the New Africa Mining Fund Investment Committee. Gold Fields has been instrumental in the formation of the New Africa Mining Fund and is a significant investor in the fund. The fund has as its objectives the promotion of black economic empowerment and the transformation of the South African mining industry by facilitating junior mining projects.
As at June 30, 2008 Gold Fields Limited had contributed net $4.0 million and had provided a commitment to fund $6.3 million.
Mvelaphanda Resources Limited
Tokyo MG Sexwale, a non-executive director of Gold Fields Limited until November 2, 2007 was an executive director on the Board of Mvelaphanda Resources Limited (Mvela). Mvela is a broad based black economic empowerment consortium.
On July 10, 2002, the Group announced that it had granted Mvela participation rights, varying between a minimum of 5% and a maximum of 15% in any new Gold Fields precious metals exploration projects in Africa, beginning March 1, 2002. In consideration for the transaction Mvela was obligated to issue the Company with options to subscribe in tranches for ordinary shares, consisting of one ordinary share and one unsecured debenture issued by Mvela, in Mvela at a 10% premium to the five day weighted average trading price on the JSE. The Company was issued with 4,047,858 options under this arrangement. During fiscal 2008 the Company exercised 2,672,274 (2007: 1,375,584) of the options that had been issued and converted them to shares for an additional payment of R85 million ($11.7 million)(2007: $3.3 million). As at June 30, 2008, the Company had exercised all the Mvela options to subscribe for ordinary shares which were held by the Company. The shares are reflected under listed investments.
The term of the Mvela exploration agreement was five years. On August 21, 2007 the agreement expired in accordance with its terms.
The transaction with Mvela to acquire a 15% beneficial interest in the Groups South African mining operations for a total cash consideration of R4.1 billion ($591.3 million) became effective on March 15, 2004. The Group has provided Mvela with vendor financing of R300.0 million ($47.6 million) comprising R200.0 million of preference shares and R100.0 million of ordinary shares on commercial terms in connection with the transaction.
Rand Refinery
Rand Refinery, in which the Company holds a 34.9% interest, has an agreement with the Group whereby it refines all the Companys South African and Ghanaian operations gold production. The Groups chief executive officer is currently a director of Rand Refinery and has held his directorship of Rand Refinery since July 10, 2000. The Company paid Rand Refinery $2.2 million, $1.3 million and $1.6 million in refining fees for the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Refer to note 12Non-current Investments for amounts owing by Rand Refinery to the Company as at June 30, 2008 and 2007, and the dividends received from Rand Refinery for the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
F-56
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
On November 21, 2000, GFL Mining Services Limited (GFLMS) entered into an agreement with Rand Refinery in terms of which GFLMS acts as an agent for Rand Refinery with regard to the sale of a maximum of 50% of Gold Fields South African gold production. On June 1, 2004, GFLMS exercised its right, by giving notice to Rand Refinery, to sell all of Gold Fields South African gold production with effect from October 1, 2004. Gold Fields Ghana Limited and Abosso Goldfields Limited also have had agreements with Rand Refinery since March 2002 to transport, refine and sell substantially all of the gold production from the Tarkwa and Damang mines.
Absa Credit Facilities
Gill Marcus, a non-executive director of Gold Fields Limited, is the Chairperson of ABSA Group Limited and ABSA Bank Limited. On August 21, 2007, Gold Fields entered into a R500.0 million 364-day revolving credit facility (the ABSA 1 Facility) with ABSA Capital (a division of ABSA Bank Limited). On August 24, 2007, GFIMSA drew down R250.0 million under the ABSA 1 Facility. On December 28, 2007 GFIMSA drew down an additional R250.0 million. On June 24, 2008 the R500 million was repaid in full.
Subsequent to year end, R500.0 million was drawn down on the ABSA 1 Facility and was fully repaid on August 19, 2008. The ABSA 1 Facility expired on August 21, 2008 and on September 22, 2008, this facility was renegotiated as a short term facility expiring on October 21, 2008. With effect from November 11, 2008, this facility was renegotiated as a 364-day facility, expiring on November 10, 2009. No amounts were drawn under this facility as of November 17, 2008.
On January 31, 2008, GFIMSA, Gold Fields Operations, Orogen and GFLMS entered into a R1.0 billion 364-day revolving credit facility (the ABSA 2 Facility) with ABSA Capital. No amounts were drawn on this facility at June 30, 2008. Subsequent to year end, R1.0 billion was drawn down under the ABSA 2 Facility.
24 | GEOGRAPHICAL AND SEGMENT INFORMATION |
Gold Fields is primarily involved in gold mining, exploration and related activities. Activities are conducted and investments held both inside and outside of South Africa.
The segment results have been prepared and presented based on managements reporting format. Management prepares its financial records in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and reconciled IFRS information is what the Companys chief operating decision maker reviews in allocating resources and making investment decisions. The Companys gold mining operations are managed and internally reported based upon the following geographic areas: in South Africa the Driefontein division, the Kloof division, the Beatrix division and the South Deep mine, in Ghana the Tarkwa and Damang mines, Australia, Venezuela and Peru, starting in fiscal 2008. The Group also has exploration interests which are included in the Corporate and other segment. Corporate costs are allocated between segments based upon the time spent on each segment by members of the executive team.
F-57
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Venezuela | Peru | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St Ives/ Agnew |
Choco 10 | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of operations |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
756.8 | 660.9 | 359.7 | 184.6 | 531.5 | 160.4 | 511.1 | 41.2 | | | | 3,206.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(1) |
(403.4 | ) | (370.0 | ) | (237.2 | ) | (173.8 | ) | (283.2 | ) | (118.1 | ) | (323.9 | ) | (26.3 | ) | | | (120.4 | ) | (2,056.3 | ) | |||||||||||||
Gold inventory change(2) |
| | | | 4.9 | 10.6 | (27.3 | ) | (1.2 | ) | | | 19.4 | 6.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating profit |
353.4 | 290.9 | 122.5 | 10.8 | 253.2 | 52.9 | 159.9 | 13.7 | | | (101.0 | ) | 1,156.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
(75.4 | ) | (81.3 | ) | (40.2 | ) | (31.9 | ) | (45.6 | ) | (13.9 | ) | (106.7 | ) | (2.5 | ) | | (21.2 | ) | 18.2 | (400.5 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net operating profit/(loss |
278.0 | 209.6 | 82.3 | (21.1 | ) | 207.6 | 39.0 | 53.2 | (11.2 | ) | | (21.2 | ) | (82.8 | ) | 755.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
| | | | | | | (1.2 | ) | | (45.1 | ) | (6.5 | ) | (39.8 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other items as detailed in the statement of operations |
(14.0 | ) | (10.4 | ) | (8.2 | ) | (11.7 | ) | 0.1 | | 9.4 | (3.2 | ) | | 176.7 | (13.9 | ) | 124.8 | |||||||||||||||||
Current taxation |
(68.9 | ) | (44.5 | ) | (0.2 | ) | | (45.6 | ) | (7.5 | ) | (12.7 | ) | (0.7 | ) | | (15.0 | ) | | (195.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Deferred taxation |
(25.5 | ) | (24.3 | ) | (28.2 | ) | 13.2 | * | (14.3 | ) | (5.6 | ) | (13.1 | ) | 0.1 | | 25.7 | (4.0 | ) | (76.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) after taxation |
169.6 | 130.4 | 45.7 | (19.7 | ) | 147.8 | 25.9 | 36.8 | 5.0 | | 121.1 | (93.0 | ) | 569.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
* | Indicative as tax is provided in the holding companies of South Deep. |
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Venezuela | Peru | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St Ives / Agnew |
Choco 10 | Cerro Corona |
Corporate and other |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated | |||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
935.0 | 747.9 | 341.9 | 138.9 | 745.9 | 139.6 | 962.6 | | 808.5 | 3,044.3 | 157.3 | 8,021.9 | ||||||||||||||
Total liabilities excluding deferred tax |
220.6 | 175.0 | 78.3 | 74.6 | 125.7 | 25.4 | 135.8 | | 386.2 | 645.1 | 455.6 | 2,322.3 | ||||||||||||||
Deferred tax liability/ (asset) |
202.2 | 195.9 | 59.6 | | 113.8 | 17.9 | 86.5 | | 3.0 | (1.2 | ) | 46.4 | 724.1 | |||||||||||||
Capital expenditure |
139.8 | 123.5 | 79.3 | 107.9 | 212.0 | 28.1 | 141.0 | 9.6 | 348.4 | 59.9 | (95.1 | ) | 1,154.4 |
(1) | Operating costs for management reporting purposes includes: Corporate expenditure$41.0 million, Environmental rehabilitation$12.0 million and Employee termination costs$16.2 million, which are not included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. In addition, gold inventory change is included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. |
(2) | Reflects the change in quantity and value of broken ore and ore on the heap leach pad during the financial year. |
F-58
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Venezuela | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St Ives / Agnew |
Choco 10 | Corporate and other |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of operations |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
648.2 | 587.1 | 344.9 | 107.9 | 444.8 | 119.5 | 446.8 | 36.0 | | | 2,735.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(1) |
(371.0 | ) | (352.2 | ) | (215.4 | ) | (100.0 | ) | (248.9 | ) | (88.0 | ) | (277.9 | ) | (40.1 | ) | | (74.0 | ) | (1,767.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Gold inventory change(2) |
| | | (1.8 | ) | 17.0 | (1.4 | ) | 15.4 | 4.9 | | (20.2 | ) | 13.9 | |||||||||||||||||||
Operating |
277.2 | 234.9 | 129.5 | 6.1 | 212.9 | 30.1 | 184.3 | 0.8 | | (94.2 | ) | 981.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
(67.2 | ) | (75.7 | ) | (41.7 | ) | (19.8 | ) | (40.6 | ) | (4.9 | ) | (142.5 | ) | (5.4 | ) | (19.1 | ) | 28.7 | (388.2 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net operating profit/(losses) |
210.0 | 159.2 | 87.8 | (13.7 | ) | 172.3 | 25.2 | 41.8 | (4.6 | ) | (19.1 | ) | (65.5 | ) | 593.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
| | | | | | | | (40.9 | ) | (6.5 | ) | (47.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other items as detailed in the statement of operations |
(0.5 | ) | (3.7 | ) | (4.5 | ) | 3.2 | (0.5 | ) | | 22.8 | 1.9 | (52.5 | ) | (30.6 | ) | (64.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Current taxation |
(47.5 | ) | (12.8 | ) | (0.1 | ) | | (37.1 | ) | (4.4 | ) | (20.3 | ) | (1.7 | ) | 1.2 | | (122.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Deferred taxation |
(22.5 | ) | (32.9 | ) | (31.7 | ) | 4.2 | * | (17.8 | ) | (4.8 | ) | (2.8 | ) | (1.1 | ) | 13.7 | 9.1 | (86.6 | ) | |||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) after taxation |
139.5 | 109.8 | 51.5 | (6.3 | ) | 116.9 | 16.0 | 41.5 | (5.5 | ) | (97.6 | ) | (93.5 | ) | 272.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
* | Indicative as tax is provided in the holding companies of South Deep. |
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Venezuela | |||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | South Deep |
Tarkwa | Damang | St Ives / Agnew |
Choco 10 | Corporate and other |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated | ||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
854.5 | 697.2 | 308.7 | 144.3 | 523.4 | 102.8 | 816.9 | 110.9 | 4,191.6 | 275.7 | 8,026.0 | |||||||||||||
Total liabilities excluding deferred tax |
219.0 | 192.9 | 90.5 | 39.7 | 66.6 | 20.4 | 114.4 | 28.9 | 952.0 | 506.2 | 2,230.6 | |||||||||||||
Deferred tax liability/ (asset) |
200.4 | 194.5 | 38.0 | | 99.5 | 12.3 | 64.2 | (1.8 | ) | 229.3 | 40.7 | 877.1 | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditure |
113.2 | 107.8 | 82.3 | 39.4 | 107.7 | 31.7 | 104.4 | 22.9 | 237.3 | (49.7 | ) | 797.0 |
(1) | Operating costs for management reporting purposes includes: Corporate expenditure$38.4 million, Environmental rehabilitation$6.4 million and Employee termination costs$4.9 million, which are not included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. In addition, gold inventory change is included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. |
(2) | Reflects the change in quantity and value of broken ore and ore on the heap leach pad during the financial year. |
F-59
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Venezuela | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | Tarkwa | Damang | St Ives / Agnew |
Choco 10 | Corporate and other |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
599.9 | 479.3 | 312.9 | 373.0 | 123.1 | 377.0 | 16.8 | | | 2,282.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs(1) |
(378.1 | ) | (356.3 | ) | (219.5 | ) | (211.7 | ) | (77.6 | ) | (236.3 | ) | (8.8 | ) | | (57.4 | ) | (1,545.7 | ) | |||||||||||
Gold inventory change(2) |
| | | 5.1 | (2.7 | ) | 6.4 | 0.4 | | (0.4 | ) | 8.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating profit |
221.8 | 123.0 | 93.4 | 166.4 | 42.8 | 147.1 | 8.4 | | (57.8 | ) | 745.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
(70.5 | ) | (72.6 | ) | (39.0 | ) | (37.5 | ) | (3.9 | ) | (82.0 | ) | (2.1 | ) | (16.5 | ) | (29.2 | ) | (353.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Net operating profit/(losses) |
151.3 | 50.4 | 54.4 | 128.9 | 38.9 | 65.1 | 6.3 | (16.5 | ) | (87.0 | ) | 391.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
| | | | | | | (38.7 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (39.3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Other items as detailed in the statement of operations |
(6.7 | ) | (3.6 | ) | (6.5 | ) | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 10.6 | (40.2 | ) | (43.4 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Current taxation |
(31.5 | ) | | | (26.0 | ) | (8.3 | ) | (9.3 | ) | (3.0 | ) | (12.2 | ) | | (90.3 | ) | |||||||||||||
Deferred taxation |
(12.4 | ) | (13.9 | ) | (18.9 | ) | (5.8 | ) | (4.3 | ) | (17.9 | ) | | 3.4 | 49.5 | (20.3 | ) | |||||||||||||
Profit/(loss) after taxation |
100.7 | 32.9 | 29.0 | 97.8 | 27.2 | 39.3 | 3.3 | (53.4 | ) | (78.3 | ) | 198.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa | Ghana | Australia | Venezuela | ||||||||||||||||||
Driefontein | Kloof | Beatrix | Tarkwa | Damang | St Ives / Agnew |
Choco 10 | Corporate and other |
Reconciling items |
Group Consolidated | ||||||||||||
Balance Sheet |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
526.3 | 421.3 | 186.9 | 387.8 | 84.5 | 635.4 | 111.4 | 1,904.1 | (158.0 | ) | 4,099.7 | ||||||||||
Total liabilities excluding deferred tax |
173.2 | 152.5 | 80.3 | 53.1 | 17.9 | 77.1 | 22.3 | 242.2 | 449.8 | 1,268.4 | |||||||||||
Deferred tax liability/ (asset) |
171.0 | 155.3 | 5.9 | 81.7 | 7.5 | 52.8 | | 272.9 | 34.7 | 781.8 | |||||||||||
Capital expenditure |
84.9 | 75.4 | 69.9 | 46.8 | 25.6 | 71.0 | 5.3 | 34.0 | (35.8 | ) | 377.1 |
(1) | Operating costs for management reporting purposes: Corporate expenditure$21.9 million, Environmental rehabilitation$8.6 million and Employee termination costs$9.1 million, which are not included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. In addition, gold inventory change is included in production costs under U.S. GAAP. |
(2) | Reflects the change in quantity and value of broken ore and ore on the heap leach pad during the financial year. |
F-60
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
The following provides a breakdown of the reconciling items for each line item presented.
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
$m | $m | $m | |||||||||
Operating costs |
|||||||||||
Exploration costs (on-mine exploration) |
(k) | (25.8 | ) | (15.7 | ) | (8.2 | ) | ||||
Provision for rehabilitation |
(m) | 2.9 | 2.1 | (1.0 | ) | ||||||
Cut-backs |
(j) | (67.1 | ) | (47.3 | ) | (26.8 | ) | ||||
Deferred stripping |
(p) | (30.4 | ) | (13.1 | ) | (21.4 | ) | ||||
(120.4 | ) | (74.0 | ) | (57.4 | ) | ||||||
Gold inventory |
|||||||||||
Inventory |
(r) | 18.4 | (10.7 | ) | (0.4 | ) | |||||
Inventory stockpiles |
(v) | 1.0 | (9.5 | ) | | ||||||
19.4 | (20.2 | ) | (0.4 | ) | |||||||
Amortization and depreciation |
|||||||||||
Business combinationformation of Original Gold Fields |
(a) | (7.8 | ) | (8.9 | ) | (22.3 | ) | ||||
Business combinationformation of Gold Fields |
(b) | (3.4 | ) | (3.5 | ) | (3.9 | ) | ||||
Business combinationpurchase of St. Ives and Agnew |
(c) | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.9 | |||||||
Business combinationpurchase of Abosso |
(d) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | |||||||
Amortization of reserves |
(h) | (3.7 | ) | (7.6 | ) | (13.0 | ) | ||||
Cut-backs |
(j) | 14.1 | 3.0 | 0.2 | |||||||
Amortizationinclusion of future costs |
(i) | 18.2 | 9.5 | 6.5 | |||||||
Amortizationcut-off between development and production |
(w) | | 34.0 | | |||||||
Provision for rehabilitation |
(m) | (0.4 | ) | 0.3 | 1.0 | ||||||
18.2 | 28.7 | (29.2 | ) | ||||||||
Exploration expenditure |
|||||||||||
Exploration costs |
(k) | 6.5 | (6.5 | ) | (0.6 | ) | |||||
6.5 | (6.5 | ) | (0.6 | ) | |||||||
Other items as detailed in the statement of operations |
|||||||||||
Post-retirement health care costs |
(o) | 1.1 | (1.4 | ) | (0.1 | ) | |||||
Share-based compensation |
(l) | | | (0.9 | ) | ||||||
Impairment of assets |
(g) | (4.4 | ) | | | ||||||
Mvelaphanda transactioninterest paid |
(t) | (51.4 | ) | (46.8 | ) | (47.4 | ) | ||||
Mvelaphanda transactiondebt issuance cost |
(t) | (0.9 | ) | (0.9 | ) | (0.9 | ) | ||||
Mvelaphanda transactionprofit on close out of hedge |
(t) | 8.1 | 8.2 | 9.2 | |||||||
Interest capitalization |
(u) | 26.4 | 13.3 | | |||||||
Profit on disposal of Choco 10 |
(q)(e) | 7.1 | | | |||||||
Other |
0.1 | (3.0 | ) | (0.1 | ) | ||||||
(13.9 | ) | (30.6 | ) | (40.2 | ) | ||||||
F-61
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
$m | $m | $m | |||||||||
Total liabilities excluding deferred income and mining taxes |
|||||||||||
Provision for rehabilitation |
(m) | (35.7 | ) | (0.6 | ) | 1.1 | |||||
Post-retirement health care costs |
(o) | 4.9 | 6.7 | 5.0 | |||||||
Mvelaphanda transactiondebt issuance cost |
(t) | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.3 | |||||||
Mvelaphanda transactionfair value hedge accounting |
(t) | 5.5 | 14.4 | 21.7 | |||||||
Mvelaphanda transactionclassification of instrument |
(t) | 306.7 | 343.2 | 330.3 | |||||||
Mvelaphanda transactioninterest paid |
(t) | 170.2 | 138.0 | 87.5 | |||||||
455.6 | 506.2 | 449.9 | |||||||||
Total assets |
|||||||||||
Business combinationformation of Original Gold Fields |
(a) | (9.1 | ) | (3.3 | ) | 6.0 | |||||
Business combinationformation of Gold Fields |
(b) | 42.7 | 51.2 | 52.7 | |||||||
Business combinationpurchase of St. Ives and Agnew |
(c) | (3.5 | ) | (4.8 | ) | (6.2 | ) | ||||
Business combinationpurchase of Abosso |
(d) | (1.4 | ) | (1.8 | ) | (2.0 | ) | ||||
Business combinationpurchase of Bolivar |
(e) | | (79.7 | ) | (52.0 | ) | |||||
Business combinationspurchase of South Deep |
(f) | 515.9 | 521.3 | (11.8 | ) | ||||||
Mvelaphanda transactiondebt issuance costs |
(t) | 0.6 | 1.6 | 2.4 | |||||||
Cut-backs |
(j) | (124.3 | ) | (70.8 | ) | (26.6 | ) | ||||
Impairment of assets |
(g) | 109.4 | 129.3 | 124.3 | |||||||
Amortization of reserves |
(h) | (85.4 | ) | (72.1 | ) | (55.2 | ) | ||||
Amortizationinclusion of future costs |
(i) | 50.2 | 27.2 | 14.6 | |||||||
Amortizationcut off between development and production |
(w) | 41.5 | 36.7 | | |||||||
Exploration costs |
(k) | (164.5 | ) | (138.7 | ) | (104.8 | ) | ||||
Provision for rehabilitation |
(m) | (37.7 | ) | (5.8 | ) | (6.5 | ) | ||||
Investments in equity investees |
(n) | (68.9 | ) | (3.9 | ) | (2.6 | ) | ||||
Deferred stripping |
(p) | (99.8 | ) | (62.2 | ) | (41.7 | ) | ||||
Inventory |
(r) | 8.5 | (9.5 | ) | 1.8 | ||||||
Impairment of Agnew |
(s) | (48.6 | ) | (43.0 | ) | (37.1 | ) | ||||
Interest capitalization |
(u) | 40.1 | 13.5 | | |||||||
Inventory stockpiles |
(v) | (8.4 | ) | (9.5 | ) | | |||||
157.3 | 275.7 | (144.7 | ) | ||||||||
F-62
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Notes to the reconciliation of segment information to the historical financial statements
(a) | Business combinationformation of Original Gold Fields |
For management reporting purposes, the formation of Original Gold Fields was accounted for as a uniting-of-interests. Under U.S. GAAP, the Company accounted for the assets and liabilities acquired from Gold Fields of South Africa Limited at historical cost, and the assets and liabilities acquired from Gencor and outside shareholders as a purchase. |
(b) | Business combinationformation of Gold Fields |
For management reporting purposes, the difference between the purchase price and net asset value of acquired assets that arose on this transaction was set-off against shareholders equity. Under U.S. GAAP, the excess purchase price was capitalized to property, plant and equipment and is being amortized over its useful life. |
(c) | Business combinationpurchase of St. Ives and Agnew |
For management reporting purposes, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued on the date they are issued. Under U.S. GAAP, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued a few days before and after the terms of the transaction are announced. |
(d) | Business combinationpurchase of Abosso |
For management reporting purposes, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued on the date they are issued. Under U.S. GAAP, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued a few days before and after the terms of the transaction are announced. |
(e) | Business combinationpurchase of Bolivar |
For management reporting purposes, the entire interest acquired was fair valued upon gaining a controlling interest. Under U.S. GAAP, only the additional interest acquired was fair valued. In addition, U.S. GAAP requires retrospective equity accounting from the date the interest is acquired until the Group obtains control and the investment becomes a subsidiary. For management reporting purposes no retrospective equity accounting was applied. |
(f) | Business combinationspurchase of South Deep |
For management reporting purposes, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued on the date they are issued. Under U.S. GAAP, traded equity securities issued as consideration in a business combination are valued a few days before and after the terms of the transaction are announced. |
For management reporting purposes, the entire interest acquired in South Deep was fair value upon gaining a controlling interest. Under U.S. GAAP, only the additional interest acquired was accounted for at fair value; assets acquired before obtaining control are stated at historical carrying amounts. In addition, U.S. GAAP requires retrospective equity accounting from the date the interest is acquired until the Group obtains control and the investment becomes a subsidiary. For management reporting purposes no retrospective equity accounting is applied. |
For management reporting purposes, any excess arising over the purchase price paid and the fair value of the net identifiable assets and liabilities acquired for additional interests in subsidiaries from minority |
F-63
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
shareholders are recorded directly in equity (economic entity model). Under U.S. GAAP, any excess over the purchased price paid and the fair value of the net identifiable assets and liabilities are recorded as goodwill (parent company model). |
(g) | Impairment of assets |
Different impairment changes were recorded for management reporting purposes than those recognized under U.S. GAAP due to the recording of differing carrying values on acquisitions (see footnotes (a)-(f)). In addition, prior to fiscal 2003, impairment charges were recorded for management purposes based on discounted cash flows, but not recorded under U.S. GAAP, since the undiscounted cash flows exceeded the carrying amounts of the assets under U.S. GAAP. |
(h) | Amortization of reserves |
For management reporting purposes, a portion of ore resources at the Australian operations, based on the philosophy of endowment, is used for calculating depreciation and amortization. Under U.S. GAAP, depreciation and amortization is calculated based upon existing proven and probable reserves. |
(i) | Amortizationinclusion of future costs |
For management reporting purposes, future mine development costs are included in mining assets in calculating depreciation and amortization. Under U.S. GAAP, future development costs are not included in the calculation of depreciation and amortization. |
(j) | Cut-backs |
For management reporting purposes, waste laybacks at surface operations are capitalized as mine development costs. Under U.S. GAAP, once the production phase of a mine has commenced, waste laybacks are considered variable production costs that should be included as a component of inventory to be recognized in Production costs exclusive of depreciation and amortization in the same period as the revenue from the sale of inventory. As a result, capitalization of waste laybacks is appropriate only to the extent product inventory exists at the end of a reporting period. |
(k) | Exploration costs |
For management reporting purposes, exploration costs are capitalized from the date the drilling program confirms sufficient evidence of mineralization to proceed with a feasibility study. Under U.S. GAAP, exploration costs are capitalized from the date a bankable feasibility study is completed. |
(l) | Share-based compensation |
For management reporting purposes, share-based compensation expense is recognized on a fair value basis for all grants subsequent to November 7, 2002 but that were unvested on July 1, 2005. Under U.S. GAAP, subsequent to June 30, 2005 the company recognized share-based compensation expense for the fair value of options granted subsequent to June 30, 2005. Prior to July 1, 2005, under U.S. GAAP, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense based upon the difference between the option grant price and the market price at the date of grant or modification. |
(m) | Provision for rehabilitation |
(i) | Amortization of rehabilitation asset |
The rehabilitation assets carrying value for management reporting purposes is different to that under U.S. GAAP, which results in a different amortization charge. |
F-64
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
(ii) | Revisions to the asset retirement obligation |
For management reporting purposes, all changes in the carrying amount of the obligation are recognized as an increase or decrease in the carrying amount of the associated capitalized retirement cost. Due to differences in the capitalized retirement cost between management reporting and U.S. GAAP, differences could arise. Changes resulting from revisions in the timing or amount of estimated cash flows are recognized as an increase or decrease in the carrying amount of the asset retirement obligation and the associated capitalized retirement cost for U.S. GAAP. |
In addition, the current discount rate is applied to measure the retirement obligation for management reporting purposes. Under U.S. GAAP any decreases in the asset retirement obligation as a result of downward revisions in cash flow estimates should be treated as a modification of an existing asset retirement obligation, and should be measured at the historical discount rate used to measure the initial asset retirement obligation. |
(n) | Investments in equity investees |
For management reporting purposes an equity investment exceeding a 20% shareholding was treated as an available-for-sale investment prior to fiscal 2003. Under U.S. GAAP this investment was accounted for under the equity method since acquisition. |
In addition, for management reporting purposes, Gold Fields share of an equity investees losses in fiscal 2008 was based on the latest available results of the equity investee at the time of preparation of the management report (results through March 31, 2008). Under U.S. GAAP, Gold Fields share of the equity investees losses was based on results of the equity investee through June 30, 2008. |
Under U.S. GAAP, Gold Fields also recorded an impairment of an investment in an equity investee at June 30, 2008. No similar impairment loss was recognized for management reporting purposes due to differences in the impairment model for an equity investee compared to U.S. GAAP, as well as the continued decline in the market value of the investment subsequent to the preparation of the management report. |
(o) | Post-retirement health care costs |
For management reporting purposes, only the employers contribution liability is accounted for. Under U.S. GAAP, the liability includes certain employees cross subsidy liabilities. |
(p) | Deferred stripping |
For management reporting purposes, the Company defers the waste stripping costs in excess of the expected average pitlife stripping ratio. Under U.S. GAAP, waste stripping costs are considered costs of the extracted minerals and recognized as a component of inventory to be recognized in production costs exclusive of depreciation and amortization in the same period as the revenue from the sale of inventory. |
(q) | Profit on disposal of Choco 10 |
The carrying value of assets and liabilities for management reporting purposes is different to that under U.S. GAAP, which results in a different profit on disposal. See footnote (e), Business combinationpurchase of Bolivar. |
(r) | Inventory |
Under U.S. GAAP additional amortization, waste normalization and cut backs expensed are included in the cost of inventory produced. No such absorption of costs occurred for management reporting purposes. |
F-65
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
Additionally, for management reporting purposes, no adjustment is required to record inventory at net realizable value. Under U.S. GAAP, due to the impact of the amortization adjustments on the inventory valuation, an adjustment is required to record inventory at net realizable value. |
(s) | Impairment of Agnew |
For management reporting purposes the Agnew mine was not determined to be impaired. Under U.S. GAAP the Agnew mine was determined to be impaired and an impairment charge was recognized. |
(t) | Mvelaphanda transaction |
| Classification of instrument |
For management reporting purposes the Mvela loan is split between a debt component and an equity component. Under U.S. GAAP the Mvela loan is classified as debt. |
| Interest paid |
Due to the classification of the Mvela loan as debt under U.S. GAAP, additional interest is charged to the income statement. |
| Debt issuance cost |
For management reporting purposes debt issuance cost is set off against debt. Under U.S. GAAP debt issuance cost is recorded as a deferred cost within accounts receivable. |
| Fair value hedge accounting |
For management reporting purposes only the amortizing swap is treated as a fair value hedge in relation to the debt component of the Mvela loan. Under U.S. GAAP both the amortizing and accreting swap are treated as a fair value hedge as the entire loan is classified as debt. |
| Profit on close out of hedge |
For management reporting purposes the profit on close-out of the interest rate swaps was accounted for in earnings at the time the swaps were closed out. Under U.S. GAAP the profit is deferred and amortized to earnings over the life of the hedged item. |
(u) | Interest capitalization |
For management reporting purposes, borrowing costs are capitalized to the extent that qualifying assets are financed through specific debt financing or general outstanding debt not for any specific purpose other that funding the operations of the Group. Under U.S. GAAP, total outstanding debt financing is taken into account in calculating the amount of borrowing cost to be capitalized. |
(v) | Inventory stockpiles |
For management reporting purposes, previous impairment charges writing down stockpiles to net realizable values are reversed when the net realizable rises above the original cost. Under U.S. GAAP, the net realizable value is deemed the new base cost and impairment charges are not reversed. |
(w) | Amortization-cut-off between development and production |
For Group reporting purposes, the cut-off point between the development phase of mining and the production phase of mining is determined when the operation reaches a predetermined cut-off point of commercial levels of production. Costs are capitalized during the development phase of mining and expensed to working costs when the production phase commences. Under U.S. GAAP, the production phase commences when more than a de minimus amount of ore has been extracted from the ore body. |
F-66
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
25 | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS |
Randgold & Exploration summons
On August 21, 2008, Gold Fields Operations received a summons from Randgold and Exploration Company Limited (Randgold) and African Strategic Investment (Holdings) Limited. The summons claims that during the period that Gold Fields Operations was under the control of Brett Kebble, Roger Kebble and others, Gold Fields Operations was allegedly part of a scam whereby JCI Limited unlawfully disposed of shares owned by Randgold in Randgold Resources Limited (Resources) and Afrikander Lease Limited, now Uranium One.
Gold Fields Operationss preliminary assessment is that it has strong defenses to these claims and accordingly, Gold Fields Operationss attorneys have been instructed to vigorously defend the claims.
The claims have been computed in various ways. The highest claims have been computed on the basis of the highest prices of Resources and Uranium One between the dates of the alleged thefts and March 2008 (approximately Rand 11 billion). The alternative claims have been computed on the basis of the actual amounts allegedly received by Gold Fields Operations to fund its operations (approximately Rand 519 million).
It should be noted that the claims lie only against Gold Fields Operations, whose only interest is a 50% stake in the South Deep Mine. This alleged liability is historic and relates to a period of time prior to GFIMSA purchasing the company.
Reversion of Arctic Platinum Project to Gold Fields
On September 10, 2008 Gold Fields announced that the Arctic Platinum Project (APP) in Finland had reverted to Gold Fields after North American Palladium Limited (NAP), a Canadian platinum metals group producer, had declined to follow its rights in terms of a Letter of Intent entered into between the parties and announced on October 18, 2005 and an Acquisition and Framework Agreement subsequently entered into between the parties. In terms of the agreement Gold Fields and NAP formed a joint venture to further explore mining properties and possibly develop a mine at Gold Fields Arctic Platinum Project, located approximately 60 kilometers south of the city of Rovaniemi in northern Finland. Gold Fields also granted an option to NAP to acquire up to a 60% undivided interest in the Project. NAPs option to acquire its interest in APP was subject to NAP undertaking approved expenditure on the Project of approximately $12.5 million, and making a decision to develop a mine at the property, prior to the expiry of the option period on August 31, 2008.
During the option period NAP was the operator of the project. NAP has informed Gold Fields that it will not follow its rights in terms of the agreement and therefore the option has expired and the agreement has been terminated. With effect from September 1, 2008, Gold Fields has therefore again taken full control and management of APP and will explore ways in which to realize value for its shareholders from this asset.
Sale of Biox®
On October 2, 2008, Gold Fields entered into an agreement with Bateman Engineering N.V., or Bateman Engineering, to sell its Biox® Technology Business to Bateman Engineering for a net cash consideration of $8.8 million. The Biox® business is the owner of a proprietary and patented technology, known as the Biox® process, which is used for the pretreatment of refractory ores and concentrates prior to gold recovery through conventional cyanide leaching techniques. Included in the sale is a second technology called ASTER (Activated Sludge Tailings Effluent Remediation), currently in development, for the efficient removal of thiocyanate and
F-67
Gold Fields Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
($ in millions unless otherwise noted)
cyanide from leach solutions. Gold Fields chose to dispose of this business as it does not form part of its core business activities. The transaction is conditional, among other things, upon the approval of the South African Reserve bank.
Decline in Value of Investment in Rusoro
As part of the proceeds on disposal of its assets in Venezuela on November 30, 2007, Gold Fields received 140 million shares in Rusoro, a junior gold producer listed on the TSX Venture Exchange. Gold Fields accounts for its 36% investment under the equity method and, due to the decrease in market value of the investment since acquisition, also recorded an impairment of $61.3 million on June 30, 2008. See note 12(d). Subsequent to year-end, the market value of the investment in Rusoro continued to decline, and amounted to $36.2 million on November 14, 2008. This represents a further decrease of $129.5 million in the market value of the investment.
F-68
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Gold Fields Limited
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements and of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting referred to in our report dated November 17, 2008 appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 20-F also included an audit of the financial statement schedule listed in Item 18 of this Annual Report on Form 20-F. In our opinion, this financial statement schedule presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements.
PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc
Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
November 17, 2008
S-1
Schedule 1Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Balance at beginning of period |
Charged to costs and expenses |
Deduction | Arising on acquisition of subsidiaries |
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
Balance at end of period | ||||||||
Year ended June 30, 2008 |
|||||||||||||
Valuation allowance |
155.8 | 34.0 | (4.2 | ) | | 0.8 | 186.4 | ||||||
Year ended June 30, 2007 |
|||||||||||||
Valuation allowance |
92.1 | 20.5 | (3.8 | ) | 44.1 | 2.9 | 155.8 | ||||||
Year ended June 30, 2006 |
|||||||||||||
Valuation allowance |
84.9 | 4.7 | | | 2.5 | 92.1 |
S-2