Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 000-49842
CEVA, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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77-0556376 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization)
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Identification No.) |
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2033 Gateway Place, Suite 150, San Jose, California
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95110-1002 |
(Address of principal executive offices)
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(Zip Code) |
(408) 514-2900
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of each class
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Name of each exchange on which registered |
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
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NASDAQ GLOBAL MARKET |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act.
Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section
13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation
S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer, and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer o
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Accelerated filer þ
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Non-accelerated filer o
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Smaller reporting company o |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act).
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As of June 30, 2007, the aggregate market value of the registrants common stock held by
non-affiliates of the registrant was $109,250,000 based on the closing sale price as reported on
the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System National Market System.
Shares of common stock held by each officer, director, and holder of 5% or more of the outstanding
common stock of the Registrant have been excluded from this calculation in that such persons may be
deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive
determination for other purposes.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as
of the latest practicable date.
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Class
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Outstanding at March 10, 2008 |
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
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20,126,940 shares |
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrants definitive Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders to
be held on May 20, 2008 (the 2008 Proxy Statement) are incorporated by reference into Item 5 of
Part II and Items 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 of Part III.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INDUSTRY DATA
This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements that involve
risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions that if they
materialize or prove incorrect, could cause the results of CEVA to
differ materially from those expressed or implied by such
forward-looking statements and assumptions. All statements other
than statements of historical fact are statements that could be
deemed forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are
generally written in the future tense and/or are preceded by words
such as will, may, should, could, expect, suggest,
believe, anticipate, intend, plan, or other similar words.
Forward-looking statements include the following:
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Our belief that there is increasingly an industry shift away from the traditional approach of licensing standalone DSPs
and towards licensing highly integrated application platforms incorporating all the necessary hardware and software for
their target applications and that the growth in demand for these platforms will drive demand for our technology and
that we are well positioned to take full advantage of this industry shift; |
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Forward Concepts forecasts total DSP semiconductor shipments to grow 12% in the next four years to a level of
$14.6 billion; |
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Our belief that the penetration of ultra low cost (ULC) handsets in rural sites, specifically China and India,
represents future growth potential for our business; |
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Our belief that the introduction of additional technologies, such as advanced DSP cores for the fourth generation
handset and high definition audio and video, will contribute to our growth in future periods; |
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Our belief that our future solutions will provide the desired flexibility needed for the always-connected Internet trend; |
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Our belief that our IP model is the best vehicle for a pervasive adoption of our technology; |
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Our belief that CEVA-X, CEVA-Teak and CEVA-TeakLite families of products will continue to generate a significant portion
of our revenues for 2008; |
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Our belief that our royalty revenues will grow in the next few years due to recent announcements by our customers
indicating that our DSP cores are incorporated in the design phases of four of the five largest original equipment
manufacturers (OEMs) in the handset market; |
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Our belief that the devaluation of the U.S. dollar as compared to the NIS and Euro will result in an increase in overall
expense increase in 2008; and |
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Our anticipation that our current cash on hand, short term deposits and marketable securities, along with cash from
operations, will provide sufficient capital to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months. |
Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and
uncertainties. The forward-looking statements contained in this report are based on information
that is currently available to us and expectations and assumptions that we deem reasonable at the
time the statements were made. We do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking
statements in this report or in any of our other communications, except as required by law. All
such forward-looking statements should be read as of the time the statements were made and with the
recognition that these forward-looking statements may not be complete or accurate at a later date.
Many factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by
the forward-looking statements contained in this report. These factors include, but are not
limited to, those risks set forth in Item 1A: Risk Factors.
This report contains market data prepared by third parties, including Gartner, Inc. and
Forward Concepts. Actual market results may differ from the projections of such organizations.
This report includes trademarks and registered trademarks of CEVA. Products or service names of
other companies mentioned in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may be trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective owners.
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Company Overview
Headquartered in San Jose, California, CEVA is a leading licensor of silicon intellectual
property (SIP) primarily for the handsets and consumer electronics markets. For more than fifteen
years, CEVA has been licensing a family of programmable Digital Signal Processor (DSP) cores with a
range of cost, power-efficiency and performance points, DSP-based subsystems (the essential
hardware components integrated with the DSP core to form a System-on-Chip (SoC) design), and a
portfolio of application-specific platforms, including video, audio, VoIP, Bluetooth and SATA, to
leading semiconductor and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) companies worldwide. In 2007,
analyst firm Gartner Inc. reported CEVAs share of the licensable DSP market at 53%.
Our technology is licensed to leading consumer electronics companies in the form of
intellectual property (IP), who then manufacture, market and sell application-specific integrated
circuits (ASICs) and application-specific standard products (ASSPs) based on CEVA technology to
OEM companies for incorporation into a wide variety of end products. We also license our
technology directly to OEM companies. Our IP is primarily deployed in high volume markets,
including handsets (e.g. cellular baseband, ultra-low-cost phones, multimedia phones, smart phones
and Bluetooth), portable multimedia (e.g. portable video players, MobileTVs, personal navigation
devices and MP3/MP4 players), home entertainment (e.g. DVD/HD DVD/Blu-ray players, game consoles,
set-top boxes and Digital TVs), storage (e.g. hard disk drives and Solid Storage Devices (SSD)) and
telecommunication devices (e.g. residential gateways, femto cells, VoIP phones and network
infrastructure).
Our revenue mix contains primarily IP licensing fees, per unit and prepaid royalties and other
revenues. Other revenues include revenues from support, training and sale of development systems.
We have built a strong network of licensing customers who rely on our technologies to deploy their
silicon solutions. Our technologies are widely licensed and power some of the worlds leading
handset and consumer electronics semiconductor companies, including Broadcom, Infineon,
Interdigital, Marvell, NXP, RadioFrame Networks, Renesas, ROHM, Samsung, Sharp, Sony, Spreadtrum,
STMicroelectronics, Thomson, VIA Telecom and Zoran.
In 2007, CEVAs licensees shipped over 227 million CEVA-powered chipsets targeted for a wide
range of diverse end markets, an increase of 19% over 2006 shipments of 190 million chipsets. To
date, over one billion CEVA-powered chipsets have been deployed by the worlds top consumer
electronics brands, including Amoi, Casio, Fujitsu, Haier, i-mate, Lenovo, LG Electronics, Palm,
Panasonic, Philips, Pioneer, Samsung, Sharp, Sony, Sony Ericsson, Toshiba and ZTE.
CEVA was created through the combination of the DSP IP licensing division of DSP Group, Inc.
(DSPG) and Parthus Technologies plc (Parthus) in November 2002. We have over 190 employees
worldwide, with research and development facilities in Israel, Ireland and the United Kingdom, and
sales and support offices throughout Asia Pacific (APAC), Japan, Europe, Israel and the United
States.
CEVA is traded on both NASDAQ Global Market (CEVA) and the London Stock Exchange (CVA).
Industry Background
Digital Signal Processor (DSP) Cores
Digital Signal Processors continue to be one of the fastest growing sectors of the
semiconductor industry. DSP is fundamental to all communication (wireless, broadband, VoIP), as
well as digital multimedia processing (i.e. audio, video and image). DSP converts an analog signal
(such as the human voice or music) into digital form. Such digital form then permits features such
as data compression (a mandatory feature for saving memory space and allowing more users to share
the scarce frequency band in wireless or wired communication), or audio and video enhancements for
devices such DVDs, Digital TVs and MP3 players.
With the growth of the number of electronic devices that require digital data processing, so
has the demand for reliable and ever more sophisticated DSP cores and associated algorithms built
around them. Analyst firm Forward Concepts forecasts total DSP semiconductor shipments to grow 12%
in the next four years to a level of $14.6 billion.
Semiconductor Intellectual Property (SIP)
The demand for high end and ultra-low-cost (ULC) handsets, mobile multimedia devices and home
entertainment equipments has grown substantially in recent years. As consumers demand electronic
products with more connectivity, portability and capability,
semiconductor manufacturers face ever growing pressures to make smaller, feature-rich
integrated circuits that are more reliable, less expensive and have greater performance, all in the
face of decreasing product lifecycles and constrained battery power.
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While semiconductor manufacturing processes have advanced significantly to allow a substantial
increase in the number of circuits placed on a single chip, resources for design capabilities have
not kept pace with the advances in manufacturing processes, resulting in a growing design gap
between the increasing manufacturing potential and the constrained design capabilities. To address
this design gap, many semiconductor designers and manufacturers increasingly are choosing to
license proven intellectual property, such as processor cores (e.g. DSPs) and memory and
application-specific platforms from third party SIP companies rather than develop those
technologies in-house.
CEVA Business
CEVA addresses the requirements of the handset, mobile multimedia and home entertainment
markets by designing and licensing programmable DSP cores, DSP-based subsystems,
application-specific platforms and a range of software components which enable the rapid design of
DSP-based chips or application-specific solutions for developing a wide variety of applications.
Given the complexity and the unique skill set required to develop a DSP core, companies
increasingly rely on licensing DSP core technology from third parties such as CEVA. In addition,
with more complex designs and shorter time to market, it is no longer cost efficient and becoming
progressively more difficult for most semiconductor companies to develop the software, such as
video, audio and VoIP, required for their DSP-based applications. As a result, in addition to
licensing DSP cores, companies increasingly seek to license application-specific software and
hardware from third parties such as CEVA or a third-party community of developers, such as CEVAnet,
CEVAs third-party network.
IP Business Model
Our objective is for our CEVA DSP cores to become the DSP-of-choice in the embedded DSP
market. To enable this goal, we have licensed and continue to license on a worldwide basis to
semiconductor and system OEM companies that design, manufacture and source CEVA-based solutions
that are combined with their own differentiating technology. We believe our business model offers
us some key advantages. By not focusing on manufacturing or selling silicon products, we are free
to widely license our technology and free to focus most of our resources on research and
development of DSP technologies. By choosing to license the programmable DSP core, manufacturers
can achieve the advantage of creating their own differentiated solutions and develop their own
unique product roadmaps. Through our licensing efforts, we have established a worldwide community
developing CEVA-based solutions, and therefore we can leverage their strengths, customer
relationships, proprietary technology advantages and existing sales and marketing infrastructure.
In addition, as our intellectual property is widely licensed and deployed, system OEM companies can
obtain CEVA-based chips from a wide range of suppliers, thus reducing dependence on any one
supplier and fostering price competition, which helps to contain the cost of CEVA-based products.
We operate a licensing and per unit royalty business model. We typically charge a license fee
for access to our technology and a royalty fee for each unit of silicon which incorporates our
technology. License fees are invoiced in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms. Royalties
are reported and invoiced one quarter in arrears and generally are based on a fixed unit rate or a
percentage of the sale price for the CEVA-based silicon product.
Strategy
We believe there is a growing demand for high performance and low power DSP and
application-specific platforms incorporating DSP cores and all the necessary hardware and software
for target applications. We believe the growth in the demand for these platforms will drive demand
for our technology. As CEVA offers expertise developing these complete solutions in a number of
key growth markets, including handset, video, audio, Bluetooth and storage, we believe we are well
positioned to take full advantage of this industry shift. To capitalize on this industry shift, we
intend to:
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continue to develop and enhance our range of DSP cores and associated subsystems We
seek to enhance our existing family of DSP cores and DSP-based subsystems with
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continue to develop and enhance our range of complete and highly integrated platform
solutions We intend to continue developing our integrated IP solutions which combine
application-specific software and dedicated logic such as video, audio and VoIP -
built around our DSP cores, and delivered to our licensing partners as a complete and
verified system solution. |
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capitalize on our relationships and leadership We seek to expand our worldwide
community of semiconductor and system OEM licensees who are developing CEVA-based
solutions. |
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capitalize on our IP licensing and royalty business model We seek to maximize the
advantages of our IP model which we believe is the best vehicle for a pervasive adoption
of our technology. Furthermore, by not having to focus on manufacturing or selling
silicon products, we are free to focus most of our resources on research and development
of new licensable technologies and applications. |
Products
We are the leading licensor of SIP DSP cores and platform solutions to the semiconductor
industry. We offer a family of programmable DSP cores, associated subsystems and a portfolio of
application-specific platforms, including multimedia, audio, VoIP, Bluetooth and SATA.
The diagram below illustrates how our portfolio of DSP cores, DSP-based subsystems and
application-specific platforms integrate into a typical System-on-Chip (SOC).
CEVA DSP Cores
We market a family of synthesizable, programmable DSP cores, each delivering a different
balance of performance, power dissipation and cost, thereby allowing customers to select a DSP core
ideally suited for their target application. The ability to match processing power to the
application is an important consideration when designers select a DSP supplier. Our family of
cores is largely software compatible, meaning that software from one core can be applied to another
core, which significantly reduces investment in code development, and tools and designer training.
Our current portfolio of programmable DSP cores includes:
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CEVA-X- a scalable VLIW-SIMD DSP architecture delivering high levels of performance at
low power consumption. CEVA-X is uniquely designed as a multipurpose architecture,
allowing multiple derivative cores with the optimal performance/price/power point
requirements targeted at multiple markets, such as 3G and 4G phones, smart phones, personal
media players and infrastructure equipments. CEVA-X combines extendibility the
architecture can be extended with user-defined instruction sets with scalability,
supporting between 2 to 16 Multiply Accumulate (MAC) units, as well as additional
computational resources and memory bandwidth. CEVA-X enables licensees to efficiently
develop software using high-level languages, such as C and C++, which reduces the cost of
development. |
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CEVA-X1620, the first implementation of the CEVA-X architecture family, is a 16 bit data
width, dual MAC DSP with four 40-bit arithmetic units. The CEVA-X1620 can run up to 8
instructions simultaneously and up to 20 SIMD operations at any given cycle. Demonstration
CEVA-X1620 silicon runs at 400MHz (TSMC 0.13µ). |
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CEVA-X1622 is the second implementation of the CEVA-X architecture. It offers the same basic
features as the CEVA-X 1620 but offers an enhanced memory architecture, including
configurable memory size (64KB or 128KB), and configurable memory bank organizations in 2 or
4 blocks. It also offers advanced emulation capabilities. |
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CEVA-X1641 is the third implementation of the CEVA-X architecture. It is the first Quad-MAC
DSP CEVA-X core and is designed specifically to run highly computational intensive tasks that
require substantial data throughput and high memory bandwidth, such as 3G, WiMAX, LTE and
advanced multimedia standards. |
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CEVA-X DSP cores are complemented by development platforms and Software Development Kits
(SDK). All components of CEVA-X tools are developed in-house by CEVA to deliver optimal
performance. |
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CEVA-Teak - a 16-bit fixed point general purpose DSP core. Its dual MAC architecture
features high performance and bandwidth for complex signal processing implementations. Its
capability to run up to 4 instructions simultaneously while using only a single 16-bit
instruction word make it ideal for portable multimedia and wireless communication markets.
CEVA-Teak markets include 2.5G/2.75G handsets, portable multimedia devices, portable audio
players, digital still cameras and VoIP phones. |
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CEVA-TeakLite - a single MAC 16-bit fixed point DSP core. CEVA-TeakLite is positioned to
meet high volume, but very cost sensitive, markets, such as 2G/2.5G and ultra low cost
(ULC) wireless handsets, portable audio players, hard disk drives, optical drives, hearing
aids, VoIP phones and home entertainment and communication devices. CEVA-TeakLite is fully
compatible with the legacy CEVA-Oak DSP at assembly and binary levels which reduces our
customers software development costs. |
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CEVA-TeakLite-II - a single MAC 16-bit fixed point DSP core. The core extends the
architecture of CEVA-TeakLite and CEVA-Oak. CEVA-TeakLite-II achieves a performance
increase compared to its predecessor core, and delivers a higher level of integration in a
small silicon die size. CEVA-TeakLite-II is positioned to meet high volume, but very cost
sensitive, markets such as 2G/2.5G wireless handsets, portable media players, hard disk
drives, optical drives and digital cordless phones. CEVA-TeakLite-II is fully compatible
with both CEVA-TeakLite and CEVA-Oak DSPs at assembly and binary levels, which reduces our
customers software development costs. |
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CEVA-TeakLite-III - a native 32-bit data precision backward compatible architecture and
DSP core, featuring a 32-bit MAC unit, supports advanced audio standards such as Dolby
Digital Plus and DTS-HD, as well as a 10-stage pipeline, enabling the core to reach
operating speeds exceeding 500MHz in a 65nm process. The core extends the architecture of
CEVA-TeakLite and CEVA-Oak DSP cores. The CEVA-TeakLite-III offers a unique balance of
power and performance, and its instruction set makes it ideal for a range of high volume,
cost sensitive audio applications, including high definition audio used in Digital TVs,
set-top boxes and next generation smart phones. CEVA-TeakLite-III is code compatible with
all of its predecessor cores, CEVA-TeakLite and CEVA-TeakLite-II. |
We deliver our DSP cores in two forms: either in the form of a mask-level chip layout (called
a hard macro), or in the form of a hardware description language definition (known as a soft core
or a synthesizable core). All CEVA DSP cores are fully synthesizable that can be manufactured on
any process using any physical library, and all are accompanied by a complete set of tools and an
integrated development environment. An extensive third-party network supports CEVA DSP cores with
a wide range of complementing software and platforms. In addition, we provide development
platforms, SDK and software debug tools, which facilitate system design, debug and software
development.
CEVA DSP-based Subsystems
Designers today face escalating design costs and shrinking design timelines, combined with
ever decreasing probability of right-first-time silicon. To further reduce the cost, complexity
and associated risk of bringing products to market, CEVA has developed a range of DSP-based
subsystems which combines selected hardware peripherals, which are essential to designers deploying
CEVA DSP cores, with software modules and chip designs. Our subsystems contain a collection of
peripherals, such as on-chip data and program memory controllers, high performance DMA controller,
Buffered Time Division Multiplexing Port (BTDMP), high-throughput Host Processor Interface (HPI)
and power management unit. These hardware subsystems are designed to easily integrate
into existing SoCs, providing standard protocols and interfaces, such as AHB and APB bridges
for Host-DSP efficient communications.
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Our family currently includes six DSP-based subsystems:
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CEVA-XS1100 - a low power, highly-integrated DSP-based subsystem, designed to ease the
development and integration process and further reduce development costs and time-to-market
for CEVA-X1620 DSP-based wireless baseband designs. The CEVA-XS1100 exploits multiple
innovative power-saving techniques, such as system modules active only when needed,
level-two memory architecture and caching, adjustable DSP system speed, decentralized
interconnect topology and selective hardware/software wake-up events. The CEVA-XS1100
includes a complete set of DSP peripherals and interfaces, such as an Interrupt Controller,
Power Management Unit, Timers and General Purpose I/Os, and provides easy means of
connectivity to other systems present on chip. CEVA-XS1100 markets include wireless
modems. |
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CEVA-XS1102 - a low power, highly-integrated DSP-based subsystem, designed to ease the
development and integration process and further reduce development costs and time-to-market
for CEVA-X1622 DSP-based wireless baseband designs. The CEVA-XS1102 exploits multiple
innovative power-saving techniques, such as system modules active only when needed,
level-two memory architecture and caching, adjustable DSP system speed, decentralized
interconnect topology and selective hardware/software wake-up events. The CEVA-XS1102
includes a complete set of DSP peripherals and interfaces, such as an Interrupt Controller,
Power Management Unit, Timers and General Purpose I/Os, and provides easy means of
connectivity to other systems present on chip. CEVA-XS1102 markets include wireless
modems. |
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CEVA-XS1141 - a low power, highly-integrated DSP-based subsystem, designed to ease the
development and integration process and further reduce development costs and time-to-market
for CEVA-X DSP-based designs. The CEVA-XS1141 subsystem leverages the CEVA-XS1100 and
interfaces directly with the CEVA-X1641 core. CEVA-XS1141 markets include 4G/WiMAX
wireless modems and wireless network infrastructure. |
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CEVA-XS1200 - a low power, highly-integrated DSP-based subsystem, designed to ease the
development and integration process and further reduce development costs and time-to-market
for CEVA-X DSP-based designs. The CEVA-XS1200 subsystem is based on the CEVA-XS1100
subsystem and is enhanced with a programmable 3D Direct Memory Access (DMA) co-processor
and glue-less TDM ports. This provides designers with the ability to target high
performance applications, such as multimedia, communications, VoIP and storage.
CEVA-XS1200 markets include 3G wireless applications, portable multimedia players, home
entertainment and high fidelity audio systems, and VoIP multi-channel applications. |
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Xpert-TeakLite-II - a complete, low power, low cost, programmable DSP-based subsystem,
designed for the embedded application markets. It includes configurable cached program
memory, direct program, data memories, high performance DMA controller, BTDMP, host
processor interface unit (PIU), standard AMBA bridges (AHB & APB) and optional Ethernet
MAC. Xpert-TeakLite-II markets include 2G/2.5G wireless applications, portable multimedia
players, and consumer/professional audio, VoIP, VoCable, VoDSL and Voice over optical
networks applications. |
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Xpert-Teak - a complete DSP-based subsystem for low power, low-cost SoC designs targeted
at applications, such as wireless baseband and portable multimedia markets. Xpert-Teak
includes multiple hardware peripherals and incorporates on-chip data and program memories,
high performance DMA controller, BTDMP, high-throughput HPI and other peripherals.
Xpert-Teak markets include 2/2.5G wireless applications, and image and video processing,
consumer/professional audio, VoIP, VoCables and VoDSL applications. |
CEVA Application-Specific Platforms
CEVA application-specific platforms are a family of complete system solutions for a range of
applications. Platforms typically integrate a CEVA DSP core, hardware subsystem and
application-specific (e.g. video processing) software and logic. Our family of platforms spans
multimedia (audio, video and image), voice (VoIP), Bluetooth and high speed serial communications
(SATA). CEVA application-specific platforms fundamentally reduce the complexity, cost of ownership
and time-to-market for products developed utilizing the platforms.
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CEVA-Audio - a high performance, low power audio platform for consumer devices.
CEVA-Audio is a fully synthesizable soft IP, operating at up to 200MHz, and built around
the CEVA-TeakLite-II. With overall die size of less than two square mm, and 0.1 mW/MHz
for stereo MP3 decoder (using TSMC 0.13u G process), it supports all of the industry
standard audio and speech codecs, including MP3, WMA, AAC, HE-AAC, Ogg Vorbis, BSAC,
NB-AMR and WB-AMR. |
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CEVA-Audio Markets: portable audio players, cellular handsets and home entertainment
systems. |
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CEVA MM2000 - a flexible, integrated software based platform, combining audio, video,
voice and imaging functions at extremely low power consumption and at a small die size.
Programmable for a wide range of multimedia standards, resolutions and frame rates, the
CEVA Mobile-Media solution allows licensees to re-target a single silicon platform for any
multimedia processing requirements, thus negating the need for costly, time-consuming
silicon re-spins. |
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CEVA MM2000 solution is a complete hardware plus software platform. The hardware portion
includes the high performance CEVA-X1620 DSP core, the CEVA-XS1200 subsystem platform. The
software element is a collection of industry standard video and audio codes, such as H.264
decoder and encoder, MPEG4 decoder and encoder, RealVideo, VC-1, MP3 and AMR. The video
codes of MM2000 make use of CEVA-patented FST technology that allows high resolution video
(DVD quality) to be processed fully in software using a low-cost and low power DSP. |
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MM2000 Markets: high end feature phones, smartphones and portable multimedia devices. |
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CEVA-VoP - is a complete platform enabling a wide range of cost-sensitive VoIP products
targeting residential and enterprise telecom markets. Based on CEVAs Xpert-TeakLite-II,
the CEVA-VoP platform is a complete hardware and software solution that can be deployed as
a subsystem in an integrated networking and VoP SoC. The platform integrates the widely
adopted, programmable CEVA-TeakLite-II DSP core, with added hardware peripherals capable
of handling multiple, simultaneous, packet-voice channels on a single core. The solution
includes all required DSP software, such as speech compression and decompression, echo
cancellation, telephony functions and signaling/networking. The software is open,
allowing design licensees to add proprietary algorithms and broaden the use of the design
for other markets or applications. |
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CEVA-VoP Markets: VoIP residential gateways and phones. |
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CEVA Bluetooth - a flexible, silicon-proven Bluetooth platform containing all the
required deliverables for OEM, semiconductor, ASIC, and fabless customers to rapidly
design Bluetooth® technology into their ASICs and ASSPs. CEVA offers Bluetooth 1.2,
Bluetooth 2.0+EDR and Bluetooth 2.1+EDR standards. The platform is designed to accelerate
Bluetooth deployment and reduce time-to-certification and time-to-revenue. The complete
solution includes Bluetooth baseband RTL, Bluetooth protocol stack and full Bluetooth
profile support. |
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CEVA Bluetooth Markets: Wireless handsets, smartphones / PDAs, cordless phones, wireless PBX
and Bluetooth headsets. |
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CEVA SATA - a complete, low power Serial ATA licensable solution combining a SATA
1.5Gbps PHY or SATA 3.0Gbps PHY with a Link/Transport/Command Protocol stack, and is fully
compliant to the Serial ATA specification. The SATA PHY is supplied in the form of a
GDSII hard macro with simulation models and physical views. The SATA Protocol (PHY
Control, Link, Transport and Command/DMA layers) is delivered in the form of an RTL
package, and supported by a comprehensive test bench environment plus physical design
scripts for realization on the target semiconductor processes. |
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CEVA-SATA Markets: Solid State Drives (SSD), set-top boxes, PVR and HD DVD/Blu-ray. |
Sales of our CEVA-X family of products and services generated 19%, 21% and 21% of our revenues
for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Sales of our CEVA-TeakLite family of products and services
generated 45%, 41% and 16% of our revenues for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Sales of our
CEVA-Teak family of products and services generated 16%, 10% and 17% of our revenues for 2007, 2006
and 2005, respectively. We expect these products will continue to generate a significant portion
of our revenues for 2008.
Principal Markets
We target our portfolio of DSP cores, DSP-based subsystems and application-specific platforms
at five principal markets:
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Wireless Handsets |
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CEVA is the worlds leading licensor of DSP technology to the handset industry. Over the
years, hundreds of millions of widely used cellphones have deployed CEVAs technology.
Recent announcements by CEVAs customers indicate that CEVAs DSP cores are incorporated in
the design phases of four of the five largest OEMs in the handset market. With complete
solutions spanning modem and application processing platforms and Bluetooth technologies,
CEVAs IP portfolio greatly accelerates time-to-market, functionality and performance of next
generation handsets. |
8
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Portable Multimedia Players |
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CEVAs portable multimedia solutions integrate a DSP core, DSP-based subsystem and
comprehensive software codecs that support all industry audio, video and imaging standards in
a silicon proven platform. Designed for ultra low power, minimal memory requirements and
high level of resolution, our solutions offer the portable multimedia player market a
complete software programmable multimedia platform. |
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Portable Audio |
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CEVA offers a complete, highly-integrated, low power, low-cost audio platform for consumer
devices, including handsets, portable audio players and home entertainment systems. The CEVA
audio platform combines several CEVA-developed technologies, including CEVA-TeakLite-II and
CEVA-Teaklite-III, the new and enhanced version of the widely-adopted CEVA-TeakLite DSP core,
a cache memory subsystem, audio peripherals, a comprehensive set of audio codecs and complete
tool chain support. |
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Storage |
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CEVAs technologies are incorporated annually in tens of millions of disk drives, DVD players
and recorders. CEVAs technologies are chosen for a combination of high performance with
small die size and low power consumption. CEVAs storage offerings include DSP cores for
magnetic and optical drive controllers, as well as high speed serial communications,
including SATA, which was recently selected by key customers for Solid State Drive (SSD)
applications. |
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Telecom / Networking |
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CEVA provides networking and telecommunication semiconductor vendors with a broad range of
solutions targeting IP-phones and residential gateways, including PON (Passive Optical
network). Complete VoIP, Giga Ethernet and Serdes silicon-verified solutions from CEVA are
designed to reduce the cost and time-to-market for telecom and networking products. |
Customers
We have licensed our DSP cores, DSP-based subsystems and application-specific platforms to
leading semiconductor companies throughout the world. These companies incorporate our IP into
application-specific chips or custom-designed chips that they manufacture, market and sell to OEMs
of a variety of consumer electronic products. We also license our DSP cores, DSP-based subsystems
and application-specific platforms to OEMs directly. Included among our licensees are the
following customers: Broadcom, Infineon, InterDigital, Marvell, NXP, RadioFrame Networks, Renesas,
ROHM, Samsung, Sharp, Sony, Spreadtrum, STMicroelectronics, Thomson, VIA Telecom and Zoran. The
majority of our licenses have royalty components, of which 27 customers were shipping products
incorporating our technologies at the end of 2007. Of these 27 customers, 20 were under per unit
royalty arrangements and seven were under prepaid royalty arrangements. Three customers accounted
for 17%, 12% and 11% of our total revenues for 2007. The identity of our greater-than-10%
customers varies from period to period, and we do not believe that we are materially dependent on
any one specific customer or any specific small number of licensees.
International Sales and Operations
Customers based in EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) and APAC (Asia Pacific) accounted for
79.1% of our total revenues for 2007, 64.1% for 2006 and 64.8% for 2005. Although all of our sales
to foreign customers are denominated in United States dollars, we are subject to risks of
conducting business internationally. These risks include fluctuations in exchange rates,
unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, delays resulting from difficulty in obtaining export
licenses for certain technology, tariffs, other barriers and restrictions and the burden of
complying with a variety of foreign laws. Information on the geographic breakdown of our revenues
and location of our long-lived assets is contained in Note 9 to our consolidated financial
statements, which appear elsewhere in this annual report.
Moreover, part of our expenses in Israel and Europe are paid in Israeli currency (NIS) and
Euro, which subjects us to the risks of foreign currency fluctuations and economic pressures in
those regions. Our primary expenses paid in NIS and Euro are
employee salaries and lease payments on our Israeli and Dublin facilities. As a result, an
increase in the value of NIS and Euro in comparison to the U.S. dollar could increase the cost of
our technology development, research and development expenses and general and administrative
expenses. To protect against the increase in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flow
resulting from salaries paid in NIS and Euro during 2007, we instituted in the second quarter of
2007, a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. We hedge portions of the anticipated payroll
of our Israeli employees denominated in NIS for a period of one to twelve months with forward
contracts. There are no assurances that future hedging transactions will successfully mitigate
losses caused by currency fluctuations.
9
Sales and Marketing
We license our technology through a direct sales force. As of December 31, 2007, we had 19
employees in sales and marketing. We have sales offices and representation in Asia Pacific (APAC)
region, Japan, Europe, Israel and the United States.
Maintaining close relationships with our customers and strengthening these relationships are
central to our strategy. We typically launch each new DSP core, platform or solution upgrade with
a signed license agreement with a tier-one customer, which signifies to the market that we are
focused on viable applications that meet broad industry needs. Staying close to our customers
allows us to create a roadmap for the future development of existing cores and application
platforms, and helps us to anticipate the next potential applications for the market. We seek to
use our customer relationships to deliver new products in a faster time to market.
We use a variety of marketing initiatives to stimulate demand and brand awareness in our
target markets. These marketing efforts include contacts with industry analysts, presenting at key
industry trade shows and conferences and posting information on our website. Our marketing group
runs competitive benchmark analyses to help us maintain our competitive position.
Technical Support
We offer technical support services through our offices in Israel, Ireland, Asia Pacific,
Japan, Sweden and the United States. Our technical support services include:
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assistance with implementation, responding to customer-specific inquiries, training
and, when and if they become available, distributing updates and upgrades of our
products; |
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application support, consisting of providing general hardware and software design
examples, ready-to-use software modules and guidelines to our licensees to assist them
in using our technology; and |
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design services, consisting of creating customer-specific implementations of our DSP
cores and application platforms. |
We believe that our technical support services are key factors in our licensees ability to
embed our cores and platforms in their designs and products. Our technology is highly complex,
combining sophisticated DSP core architecture, integrated circuit designs and development tools.
Effective customer support is critical in helping our customers to implement our solutions and
helps to shorten the time to market for their applications. Our support organization is made up of
experienced engineers and professional support personnel. We conduct detailed technical training
for our licensees and their customers, and meet with them on a regular basis to closely track the
implementation of our technology.
Research and Development
Our research and development team is focused on improving and enhancing our existing products,
as well as developing new products to broaden our offerings and market opportunities. These
efforts are largely driven by current and anticipated customer needs.
Our research and development and customer technical support teams consist of 148 engineers
working in five development centers located in Israel, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. This team
consists of engineers who possess significant experience in developing DSP cores and solutions. In
addition, we engage third party contractors with specialized skills as required to support our
research and development. Our research and development expenses, net of related research grants,
were approximately $20, $19 and $19 million in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
We encourage our research and development personnel to maintain active roles in various
international organizations that develop and maintain standards in the electronics and related
industries. This involvement allows us to influence the development of
new standards; keeps us informed as to important new developments regarding standards; and
allows us to demonstrate our expertise to existing and potential customers who also participate in
these standards-setting bodies.
Competition
The markets in which we operate are intensely competitive. They are subject to rapid change
and are significantly affected by new product introductions. We compete with other suppliers of
licensed DSP cores and solutions. We believe that the principal competitive elements in our field
are processor performance, overall system cost, power consumption, flexibility, reliability,
software availability, design cycle time, ease of implementation, customer support, financial
strength, name recognition and reputation. We believe that we compete effectively in each of these
areas, but can offer no assurance that we will have the financial resources, technical expertise,
and marketing or support capabilities to compete successfully in the future.
10
The market in which we compete is dominated by large, fully-integrated semiconductor companies
that have significant brand recognition, a large installed base and a large network of support and
field application engineers. We face direct and indirect competition from:
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IP vendors that offer programmable DSP cores; |
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IP vendors of general purpose processors with DSP extensions; |
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internal design groups of large chip companies that develop proprietary DSP solutions
for their own application-specific chips; and |
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semiconductor companies that offer off-the-shelf programmable DSP chips. |
We face direct competition in the DSP core area mainly from Tensilica. Also, we face
competition from some chip design and manufacturing companies, such as Verisilicon, that license
DSP cores in addition to their semiconductor business.
In recent years, we also have faced competition from companies that offer
microcontroller/microprocessor intellectual property. These companies products are used for
computing functions in various applications, such as in mobile and home entertainment products.
These applications typically also incorporate a programmable DSP that is responsible for
communication and video/audio/voice compression. Recently, microprocessor companies, such as ARC,
ARM Holdings, MIPS, and Tensilica, have added a DSP extension and make use of it to provide
platform solutions in the areas of video and audio.
With respect to certain large potential customers, we also compete with internal engineering
teams, which may design programmable DSP core products in-house. Companies such as NXP, Renesas
and Zoran license our designs for some applications and use their own proprietary cores for other
applications. These companies also may choose to license their proprietary DSP cores to third
parties and, as a result, become direct competitors.
We also compete indirectly with several general purpose semiconductor companies, such as,
Analog Devices and Texas Instruments. OEMs may prefer to buy off-the-shelf general purpose chips
or DSP-based application-specific chips from these large, established semiconductor companies
rather than purchase chips from our licensees.
Aside from the in-house research and development groups, we do not compete with any individual
company across the range of our market offerings. Within particular market segments, however, we
do face competition to a greater or lesser extent from other industry participants. For example,
in the following specific areas we compete with the companies indicated:
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in the multimedia market ARC, Chips & Media, Hantro (being acquired by On2),
Imagination Technologies and Tensilica; |
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in the serial storage technology area ARM, Gennum, Silicon Image and Synopsys; |
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in VoIP applications ARM and MIPS Technologies; and |
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in audio applications ARC, ARM and Tensilica. |
Proprietary Rights
Our success and ability to compete are dependent on our ability to develop and maintain the
proprietary aspects of our intellectual property and to operate without infringing the proprietary
rights of others. We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright laws
and contractual restrictions to protect the proprietary aspects of our technology. These legal
protections afford only limited protection of our technology. We also seek to limit disclosure of
our intellectual property and trade secrets by requiring employees and consultants with access to
our proprietary information to execute confidentiality agreements with us and by restricting access
to our source code and other intellectual property. Due to rapid technological change, we believe
that factors such as the technological and creative skills of our personnel, new product
developments and enhancements to existing products are more important than specific legal
protections of our technology in establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position.
11
We have an active program to protect our proprietary technology through the filing of patents.
Our patents relate to our DSP cores, DSP-based subsystems and application-specific platform
technologies. As of December 31, 2007, we hold 37 patents in the United States and six patents in
the EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) region with expiration dates between 2013 and 2022. In
addition, as of December 31, 2007, we have 15 patent applications pending in the United States, six
pending patent applications in the EMEA region and four pending patent applications in Asia Pacific
(APAC).
We actively pursue foreign patent protection in countries where we feel it is prudent to do
so. Our policy is to apply for patents or for other appropriate statutory protection when we
develop valuable new or improved technology. The status of patents involves complex legal and
factual questions, and the breadth of claims allowed is uncertain. Accordingly, there are no
assurances that any patent application filed by us will result in a patent being issued, or that
our issued patents, and any patents that may be issued in the future, will afford us adequate
protection against competitors with similar technology; nor can we be assured that patents issued
to us will not be infringed or that others will not design around our technology. In addition, the
laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold may
not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the
United States. We can provide no assurance that our pending patent applications or any future
applications will be approved or will not be challenged by third parties, that any issued patents
will effectively protect our technology, or that patents held by third parties will not have an
adverse effect on our ability to do business.
The semiconductor industry is characterized by frequent litigation regarding patent and other
intellectual property rights. Questions of infringement in the semiconductor field involve highly
technical and subjective analyses. Litigation may in the future be necessary to enforce our
patents and other intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to determine the
validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others, or to defend against claims of infringement
or invalidity. We cannot assure you that we would be able to prevail in any such litigation, or be
able to devote the financial resources required to bring such litigation to a successful
conclusion.
In any potential dispute involving our patents or other intellectual property, our licensees
could also become the targets of litigation. We are generally bound to indemnify licensees under
the terms of our license agreements. Although our indemnification obligations are generally
subject to a maximum amount, these obligations could nevertheless result in substantial expenses.
In addition to the time and expense required for us to indemnify our licensees, a licensees
development, marketing and sale of products embodying our solutions could be severely disrupted or
shut down as a result of litigation.
We also rely on trademark, copyright and trade secret laws to protect our intellectual
property. We have applied for the registration in the United States of our trademark in the name
CEVA and the related CEVA logo, and currently market our DSP cores and other technology offerings
under this trademark.
Employees
The table below presents the number of employees of CEVA as of December 31, 2007 by function
and geographic location.
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Number |
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Total employees |
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192 |
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Function |
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Research and development |
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136 |
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Sales and marketing |
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19 |
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Technical support |
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12 |
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Administration |
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25 |
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Location |
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Israel |
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126 |
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Ireland |
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34 |
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United Kingdom |
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8 |
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United States |
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9 |
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Elsewhere |
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15 |
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Our employees are not represented by any collective bargaining agreements, and we have never
experienced a work stoppage. We believe our employee relations are good.
A number of our employees are located in Israel. Certain provisions of Israeli law and of the
collective bargaining agreements between the Histadrut (General Federation of Labor in Israel) and
the Coordination Bureau of Economic Organizations (the Israeli federation of employers
organizations) apply to our Israeli employees.
In 2004, we finalized and adopted a new Code of Business Conduct and Ethics regarding the
standards of conduct of our directors, officers and employees, and the Code is available on our
website at www.ceva-dsp.com.
Corporate History
Our company was incorporated in Delaware on November 22, 1999 under the name DSP Cores, Inc.
We changed our name to ParthusCeva, Inc. in November 2002 and to CEVA, Inc. in December 2003.
Available Information
Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K
and amendments to reports pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, are available, free of charge, on our website at www.ceva-dsp.com, as soon as
reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission and are also available on the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be
incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
We caution you that the following important factors, among others, could cause our actual
future results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements made by or
on behalf of us in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, press releases,
communications with investors and oral statements. Any or all of our forward-looking statements in
this annual report, and in any other public statements we make, may turn out to be wrong. They can
be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties.
Many factors mentioned in the discussion below will be important in determining future results.
We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result
of new information, future events or otherwise. You are advised, however, to consult any further
disclosures we make in our reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive, and as a result we could experience a loss
of sales, lower prices and lower revenue.
The markets for the products in which our technology is incorporated are highly competitive;
for example, semiconductor customers may choose to adopt a multi-chip, off-the-shelf chip solution
versus licensing or using highly-integrated chips that embed our technologies. Aggressive
competition could result in substantial declines in the prices that we are able to charge for our
intellectual property. Many of our competitors are large companies that have significantly greater
financial and other resources than we have. The following factors may have a significant impact on
our competitiveness:
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microprocessor IP providers, such as ARC, ARM, MIPS Technologies and Tensilica, are
offering DSP extensions to their IP; |
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SATA IP market is highly standardized with several vendors offering similar products,
leading to pricing pressures for both licensing and royalty revenue; |
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our video solution is software-based and competes with hardware implementation offered
by companies such as Hantro (being acquired by On2) and other software solutions offered by
Chips & Media (acquired by MIPS Technologies), Hantro, Imagination Technologies and
Tensilica; |
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ARC is offering a licensing model based on royalty payments specifically for Chinese
customers that waive initial licensee fees; and |
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lower license fees and overall erosion of average selling prices of our IP. |
13
In addition, we may face increased competition from smaller, niche semiconductor design
companies in the future. Some of our customers also may decide to satisfy their needs through
in-house design. We compete on the basis of processor performance, overall system cost, power
consumption, flexibility, reliability, software availability, design cycle time, ease of
implementation, customer support, name recognition, reputation and financial strength. Our
inability to compete effectively on these bases could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our quarterly operating results fluctuate from quarter to quarter due to a variety of factors,
including our lengthy sales cycle, and may not be a meaningful indicator of future performance.
In some quarters our operating results could be below the expectations of securities analysts
and investors, which could cause our stock price to fall. Factors that may affect our quarterly
results of operations in the future include, among other things:
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the timing of the introduction of new or enhanced technologies by us and our
competitors, as well as the market acceptance of such technologies; |
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the timing and volume of orders and production by our customers, as well as
fluctuations in royalty revenues resulting from fluctuations in unit shipments by our
licensees and shifts by our customers from prepaid royalty arrangements to per unit
royalty arrangements; |
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the mix of revenues among licensing revenues, per unit and prepaid royalties and
service revenues; |
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our lengthy sales cycle and specifically in the third quarter of any fiscal year
during which summer vacations slow down decision-making processes of our customers in
executing contracts; |
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the gain or loss of significant licensees, partly due to our dependence on a limited
number of customers generating a significant amount of quarterly revenues; |
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any delay in execution of any anticipated licensing arrangement during a particular
quarter; |
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delays in the commercialization of end products that incorporate our technology; |
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currency fluctuations of the Euro and NIS versus the U.S. dollar; |
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increased operating expenses and gross margin fluctuations associated with the
introduction of new or enhanced technologies; |
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changes in our pricing policies and those of our competitors; and |
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restructuring, asset impairment and related charges, as well as other accounting
changes or adjustments. |
We rely significantly on revenue derived from a limited number of customers.
We expect that a limited number of customers, varying in identity from period-to-period, will
account for a substantial portion of our revenues in any period. Our five largest customers,
varying in identity from period-to-period, accounted for 53% of total revenues in 2007, 42% in 2006
and 36% in 2005. Our five largest customers paying per unit royalties, varying in identity from
period-to-period, accounted for 68% of total royalty revenues in 2007, 75% in 2006 and 73% in 2005.
Moreover, license agreements for our DSP cores have not historically provided for substantial
ongoing license payments. Significant portions of our anticipated future revenue, therefore, will
likely depend upon our success in attracting new customers or expanding our relationships with
existing customers. Our ability to succeed in these efforts will depend on a variety of factors,
including the performance, quality, breadth and depth of our current and future products, as well
as our sales and marketing skills. In addition, some of our licensees may decide to satisfy their
needs through in-house design and production. Our failure to obtain future customer licenses would
impede our future revenue growth and could materially harm our business.
We depend on market acceptance of third-party semiconductor intellectual property.
The semiconductor intellectual property (SIP) industry is a relatively new and emerging trend.
Our future growth will depend on the level of market acceptance of our third-party licensable
intellectual property model, the variety of intellectual property offerings available on the
market, and a shift in customer preference away from the traditional approach of licensing
standalone DSPs, and towards licensing highly-integrated application platforms incorporating all
the necessary hardware and software for their target applications. These trends that will enable
our growth are largely beyond our control. Semiconductor customers may choose to adopt a
multi-chip, off-the-shelf chip solution versus licensing or using highly-integrated chips that
embed our technologies. Semiconductor customers also may decide to design programmable DSP core
products in-house rather than license them from us. If the market shifts do not materialize or
third-party SIP does not achieve market acceptance, our business, results of operations and
financial condition could be materially harmed.
14
Because our IP solutions are components of end products, if semiconductor companies and electronic
equipment manufacturers do not incorporate our solutions into their end products or if the end
products of our customers do not achieve market acceptance, we may not be able to generate adequate
sales of our products.
We do not sell our IP solutions directly to end-users; we license our technology primarily to
semiconductor companies and electronic equipment manufacturers, who then incorporate our technology
into the products they sell. As a result, we rely on our customers to incorporate our technology
into their end products at the design stage. Once a company incorporates a competitors technology
into its end product, it becomes significantly more difficult for us to sell our technology to that
company because changing suppliers involves significant cost, time, effort and risk for the
company. As a result, we may incur significant expenditures on the development of a new technology
without any assurance that our existing or potential customers will select our technology for
incorporation into their own product and without this design win, it becomes significantly
difficult to sell our IP solutions. Moreover, even after a customer agrees to incorporate our
technology into its end products, the design cycle is long and may be delayed due to factors beyond
our control, which may result in the end product incorporating our technology not reaching the
market until long after the initial design win with such customer. From initial product
design-in to volume production, many factors could impact the timing and/or amount of sales
actually realized from the design-in. These factors include, but are not limited to, changes in
the competitive position of our technology, our customers financial stability, and our ability to
ship products according to our customers schedule.
Further, because we do not control the business practices of our customers, we do not
influence the degree to which they promote our technology or set the prices at which they sell
products incorporating our technology. We cannot assure you that our customers will devote
satisfactory efforts to promote our IP solutions. In addition, our unit royalties from licenses
are dependent upon the success of our customers in introducing products incorporating our
technology and the success of those products in the marketplace. The primary customers for our
products are semiconductor design and manufacturing companies, system OEMs and electronic equipment
manufacturers, particularly in the telecommunications field. These industries are highly cyclical
and have been subject to significant economic downturns at various times, particularly in recent
periods. These downturns are characterized by production overcapacity and reduced revenues, which
at times may encourage semiconductor companies or electronic product manufacturers to reduce their
expenditure on our technology. If we do not retain our current customers and continue to attract
new customers, our business may be harmed.
We depend on a limited number of key personnel who would be difficult to replace.
Our success depends to a significant extent upon certain of our key employees and senior
management, the loss of which could materially harm our business. Competition for skilled
employees in our field is intense. We cannot assure you that in the future we will be successful
in attracting and retaining the required personnel
The sales cycle for our IP solutions is lengthy, which makes forecasting of our customer orders and
revenues difficult.
The sales cycle for our IP solutions is lengthy, often lasting three to nine months. Our
customers generally conduct significant technical evaluations, including customer trials, of our
technology as well as competing technologies prior to making a purchasing decision. In addition,
purchasing decisions also may be delayed because of a customers internal budget approval process.
Because of the lengthy sales cycle, our dependence on a limited number of customers to generate a
significant amount of revenues and the size of customer orders, if orders forecasted for a specific
customer for a particular period do not occur in that period, our revenues and operating results
for that particular quarter could suffer. Moreover, a portion of our expenses related to an
anticipated order is fixed and difficult to reduce or change, which may further impact our
operating results for a particular period.
We may dispose of or discontinue existing product lines and technology developments, which may
adversely impact our future results.
On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our various product offerings and technology developments in
order to determine whether any should be discontinued or, to the extent possible, divested. For
example, in connection with our reorganization and restructuring plans in 2003 and 2005, we ceased
manufacturing of our hard IP products and certain non-strategic technology areas. In June 2006, we
divested our GPS technology and related business. We cannot guarantee that we have correctly
forecasted, or will correctly forecast in the future, the right product lines and technology
developments to dispose or discontinue or that our decision to dispose of or discontinue various
investments, products lines and technology developments is prudent if market conditions change. In
addition, there are no assurances that the discontinuance of various product lines will reduce our
operating expenses or will not cause us to incur material charges associated with such decision.
15
Furthermore, the discontinuance of existing product lines entails various risks, including the risk
that we will not be able to find a purchaser for a product line or the purchase price obtained will
not be equal to at least the book value of the net assets for the product line. Other risks
include managing the expectations of, and maintaining good relations with, our customers who
previously purchased products from our disposed or discontinued product lines, which could prevent
us from selling other products to them in the future. We may also incur other significant
liabilities and costs associated with our disposal or discontinuance of product lines, including
employee severance costs and excess facilities costs.
Because our IP solutions are complex, the detection of errors in our products may be delayed, and
if we deliver products with defects, our credibility will be harmed, the sales and market
acceptance of our products may decrease and product liability claims may be made against us.
Our IP solutions are complex and may contain errors, defects and bugs when introduced. If we
deliver products with errors, defects or bugs, our credibility and the market acceptance and sales
of our products could be significantly harmed. Furthermore, the nature of our products may also
delay the detection of any such error or defect. If our products contain errors, defects and bugs,
then we may be required to expend significant capital and resources to alleviate these problems.
This could result in the diversion of technical and other resources from our other development
efforts. Any actual or perceived problems or delays may also adversely affect our ability to
attract or retain customers. Furthermore, the existence of any defects, errors or failure in our
products could lead to product liability claims or lawsuits against us or against our customers. A
successful product liability claim could result in substantial cost and divert managements
attention and resources, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition and results
of operations.
Our operating results may fluctuate significantly due to the cyclicality of the semiconductor
industry or global economy slowdown, which could adversely affect the market price of our stock.
Our primary operations are in the semiconductor industry, which is cyclical and subject to
rapid technological change and evolving industry standards. From time to time, the semiconductor
industry has experienced significant downturns such as the one we experienced during the 2000 and
2001 periods. These downturns are characterized by diminished product demand, excess customer
inventories, accelerated erosion of prices and excess production capacity. These factors could
cause substantial fluctuations in our revenues and in our results of operations. The downturn we
experienced during the 2000 and 2001 periods was, and future downturns in the semiconductor
industry may be, severe and prolonged. Also the slow recovery from the downturn during the 2000
and 2001 periods and the failure of this industry to fully recover in any future downturn could
seriously impact our revenue and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The semiconductor industry also periodically experiences increased demand and production capacity
constraints, which may affect our ability to ship products in future periods. Furthermore, U.S. or
global economic downturns, such as the one that certain economic analysts say U.S. is experiencing
in 2008, may adversely impact the
semiconductor industry or cause a downturn of the industry. Our financial results may vary
significantly as a result of the general conditions in the semiconductor industry, or general
economic conditions that adversely impact the semiconductor industry, which could cause our stock
price to decline.
Our success will depend on our ability to successfully manage our geographically dispersed
operations.
Most of our employees are located in Israel and Ireland. Accordingly, our ability to compete
successfully will depend in part on the ability of a limited number of key executives located in
geographically dispersed offices to integrate management, address the needs of our customers and
respond to changes in our markets. If we are unable to effectively manage and integrate our remote
operations, our business may be materially harmed.
Our operations in Israel may be adversely affected by instability in the Middle East region.
One of our principal research and development facilities is located in, and our executive
officers and some of our directors are residents of, Israel. Although substantially all of our
sales currently are being made to customers outside Israel, we are nonetheless directly influenced
by the political, economic and military conditions affecting Israel. Any major hostilities
involving Israel could significantly harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
In addition, certain of our officers and employees are currently obligated to perform annual
reserve duty in the Israel Defense Forces and are subject to being called to active military duty
at any time. Although we have operated effectively under these requirements since our inception,
we cannot predict the effect of these obligations on the company in the future. Our operations
could be disrupted by the absence, for a significant period, of one or more of our key officers or
key employees due to military service.
16
Our research and development expenses may increase if the grants we currently receive from the
Israeli and Irish governments are reduced or withheld.
We currently receive research grants from programs of the Chief Scientist of Israel and under
the funding programs of Enterprise Ireland and Invest Northern Ireland. We received an aggregate
of $319,000, $276,000 and $574,000 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. To be eligible for these
grants, we must meet certain development conditions and comply with periodic reporting obligations.
Although we have met such conditions in the past, should we fail to meet such conditions in the
future our research grants may be repayable, reduced or withheld. The repayment or reduction of
such research grants may increase our research and development expenses which in turn may reduce
our operating income.
We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates.
A significant portion of our business is conducted outside the United States. Although most
of our revenue is transacted in U.S. Dollars, we may be exposed to currency exchange fluctuations
in the future as business practices evolve and we are forced to transact business in local
currencies. Moreover, the bulk of our expenses in Israel and Europe are paid in Israeli currency
(NIS) and Euro, which subjects us to the risks of foreign currency fluctuations. Our primary
expenses paid in NIS and Euro are employee salaries and lease payments on our Israeli and Dublin
facilities. Increases in the volatility of the exchange rates of the Euro and the NIS versus the
U.S. dollar could have an adverse effect on the expenses and liabilities that we incur in Euro and
NIS when remeasured into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. For example, the
devaluation of the U.S. dollar against the Euro and NIS during the past year had a margin impact on
increasing our operating expenses for the year 2007 which was offset by other cost saving measures.
During the second quarter of 2007, we instituted a foreign cash flow hedging program to minimize
the effects of currency fluctuations. However, hedging transactions may not successfully mitigate
losses caused by currency fluctuations, and our hedging positions may be partial or may not exist
at all in the future. We review our monthly expected non-U.S. dollar denominated expenditure and
look to hold equivalent non-U.S. dollar cash balances to mitigate currency fluctuations. This
approach has resulted in a foreign exchange gain of $38,000 in 2007, a foreign exchange loss of
$150,000 in 2006 and a foreign exchange gain of $109,000 in 2005. We expect to continue to
experience the effect of exchange rate currency fluctuations on annual and quarterly basis. Also,
due to the devaluation of the U.S. Dollar as compared to the NIS and the Euro, we believe our
overall expense will increase in 2008.
Because we have significant international operations, we may be subject to political, economic and
other conditions relating to our international operations that could increase our operating
expenses and disrupt our revenues and business.
Approximately 79% of our total revenues in 2007 were derived from customers located outside of
the United States. We expect that international customers will continue to account for a
significant portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future. As a result, the occurrence of any
negative international political, economic or geographic events could result in significant revenue
shortfalls. These shortfalls could cause our business, financial condition and results of
operations to be harmed. Some of the risks of doing business internationally include:
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unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; |
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fluctuations in the exchange rate for the U.S. dollar; |
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imposition of tariffs and other barriers and restrictions; |
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burdens of complying with a variety of foreign laws; |
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political and economic instability; and |
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changes in diplomatic and trade relationships. |
If we are unable to meet the changing needs of our end-users or to address evolving market demands,
our business may be harmed.
The markets for programmable DSP cores and application IP are characterized by rapidly
changing technology, emerging markets and new and developing end-user needs, and requiring
significant expenditure for research and development. We cannot assure you that we will be able to
introduce systems and solutions that reflect prevailing industry standards on a timely basis, meet
the specific technical requirements of our end-users or avoid significant losses due to rapid
decreases in market prices of our products, and our failure to do so may seriously harm our
business. For example, we have already licensed our multimedia solutions; however, this technology
has not yet been deployed by our licensees for their end markets and may be subject to further
modifications to address evolving market demands.
17
We may seek to expand our business through acquisitions that could result in diversion of resources
and extra expenses.
We may pursue acquisitions of businesses, products and technologies, or establish joint
venture arrangements in the future that could expand our business. We are unable to predict
whether or when any other prospective acquisition will be completed. The process of negotiating
potential acquisitions or joint ventures, as well as the integration of acquired or jointly
developed businesses, technologies or products may be prolonged due to unforeseen difficulties and
may require a disproportionate amount of our resources and managements attention. We cannot
assure you that we will be able to successfully identify suitable acquisition candidates, complete
acquisitions or integrate acquired businesses or joint ventures with our operations. If we were to
make any acquisitions or enter into a joint venture, we may not receive the intended benefits of
the acquisition or joint venture or such an acquisition or joint venture may not achieve comparable
levels of revenues, profitability or productivity as our existing business or otherwise perform as
expected. The occurrence of any of these events could harm our business, financial condition or
results of operations. Future acquisitions or joint venture may require substantial capital
resources, which may require us to seek additional debt or equity financing.
Future acquisitions or joint venture by us could result in the following, any of which could
seriously harm our results of operations or the price of our stock:
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issuance of equity securities that would dilute our current stockholders
percentages of ownership; |
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large one-time write-offs; |
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incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities; |
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difficulties in the assimilation and integration of operations, personnel,
technologies, products and information systems of the acquired companies; |
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diversion of managements attention from other business concerns; |
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contractual disputes; |
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risks of entering geographic and business markets in which we have no or only
limited prior experience; and |
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potential loss of key employees of acquired organizations. |
We may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property.
Our success and ability to compete depend in large part upon the protection of our proprietary
technologies. We rely on a
combination of patent, copyright, trademark, trade secret, mask work and other intellectual
property rights, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our
proprietary rights. These agreements and measures may not be sufficient to protect our technology
from third-party infringement or to protect us from the claims of others. As a result, we face
risks associated with our patent position, including the potential need to engage in significant
legal proceedings to enforce our patents, the possibility that the validity or enforceability of
our patents may be denied, the possibility that third parties will be able to compete against us
without infringing our patents and the possibility that our products may infringe patent rights of
third parties.
Our trade names or trademarks may be registered or utilized by third parties in countries
other than those in which we have registered them, impairing our ability to enter and compete in
these markets. If we were forced to change any of our brand names, we could lose a significant
amount of our brand identity.
Our business will suffer if we are sued for infringement of the intellectual property rights of
third parties or if we cannot obtain licenses to these rights on commercially acceptable terms.
We are subject to the risk of adverse claims and litigation alleging infringement of the
intellectual property rights of others. There are a large number of patents held by others,
including our competitors, pertaining to the broad areas in which we are active. We have not, and
cannot reasonably, investigate all such patents. From time to time, we have become aware of
patents in our technology areas and have sought legal counsel regarding the validity of such
patents and their impact on how we operate our business, and we will continue to seek such counsel
when appropriate in the future. Infringement claims may require us to enter into license
arrangements or result in protracted and costly litigation, regardless of the merits of these
claims. Any necessary licenses may not be available or, if available, may not be obtainable on
commercially reasonable terms. If we cannot obtain necessary licenses on commercially reasonable
terms, we may be forced to stop licensing our technology, and our business would be seriously
harmed.
18
Our business depends on our customers and their suppliers obtaining required complementary
components.
Some of the raw materials, components and subassemblies included in the products manufactured
by our OEM customers are obtained from a limited group of suppliers. Supply disruptions, shortages
or termination of any of these sources could have an adverse effect on our business and results of
operations due to the delay or discontinuance of orders for products containing our IP, especially
our DSP cores, until those necessary components are available.
The future growth of our business depends in part on our ability to license to system OEMs and
small-to-medium-sized semiconductor companies directly and to expand our sales geographically.
Historically, a substantial portion of our licensing revenues has been derived in any given
period from a relatively small number of licensees. Because of the substantial license fees we
charge, our customers tend to be large semiconductor companies or vertically integrated system
OEMs. Part of our current growth strategy is to broaden the adoption of our products by small and
mid-size companies by offering different versions of our products targeted at these companies. If
we are unable to develop and market effectively our intellectual property through these models, our
revenues will continue to be dependent on a smaller number of licensees and a less geographically
dispersed pattern of licensees, which could materially harm our business and results of operations.
The Israeli tax benefits that we currently receive and the government programs in which we
participate require us to meet certain conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future,
which could increase our tax expenses.
We enjoy certain tax benefits in Israel, particularly as a result of the Approved Enterprise
and the Benefited Enterprise status of our facilities and programs. To maintain our eligibility
for these tax benefits, we must continue to meet certain conditions, relating principally to
adherence to the investment program filed with the Investment Center of the Israeli Ministry of
Industry and Trade and to periodic reporting obligations. Should we fail to meet such conditions
in the future, however, these benefits would be cancelled and we would be subject to corporate tax
in Israel at the standard corporate rate of 29% (in 2007) and could be required to refund tax
benefits already received. In addition, we cannot assure you that these tax benefits will be
continued in the future at their current levels or otherwise. The tax benefits under our current
investment programs are scheduled to gradually expire. The termination or reduction of certain
programs and tax benefits (particularly benefits available to us as a result of the Approved
Enterprise and the Benefited Enterprise status of our facilities and programs) or a requirement
to refund tax benefits already received may seriously harm our business, operating results and
financial condition.
Our corporate tax rate may increase, which could adversely impact our cash flow, financial
condition and results of operations.
We have significant operations in Israel and the Republic of Ireland and a substantial portion
of our taxable income
historically has been generated there. Currently, some of our Israeli and Irish subsidiaries
are taxed at rates substantially lower than the U.S. tax rates. Although there is no current
expectation of any changes to Israeli and Irish tax laws, if our Israeli and Irish subsidiaries
were no longer to qualify for these lower tax rates or if the applicable tax laws were rescinded or
changed, our operating results could be materially adversely affected. In addition, because our
Israeli and Irish operations are owned by subsidiaries of our U.S. parent corporation,
distributions to the U.S. parent corporation, and in certain circumstances undistributed income of
the subsidiaries, may be subject to U.S. taxes. Moreover, if U.S. or other authorities were to
change applicable tax laws or successfully challenge the manner in which our subsidiaries profits
are currently recognized, our overall tax expenses could increase, and our business, cash flow,
financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our headquarters are located in San Jose, California and we have principal offices in
Herzeliya, Israel and Dublin, Ireland.
19
We lease land and buildings for our executive offices, and engineering, sales, marketing,
administrative and support operations and design centers. The following table summarizes
information with respect to the principal facilities leased by us as of December 31, 2007:
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Area |
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Location |
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Term |
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Expiration |
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(Sq. Feet) |
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Principal Activities |
San Jose, CA, U.S. |
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3 years |
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2010 |
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5,250 |
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Headquarters; sales and marketing; administration |
Herzeliya, Israel |
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4 years |
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2010 |
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26,100 |
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Research and development; administration |
Dublin, Ireland |
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25 years |
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2021 |
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20,900 |
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Research and development; administration |
Dublin, Ireland |
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2 years |
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2008 |
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2,270 |
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Research and development; administration |
Cork, Ireland |
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25 years |
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2025 |
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10,000 |
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Research and development |
Limerick, Ireland |
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10 years |
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2010 |
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4,000 |
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Research and development |
Belfast, Northern Ireland |
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15 years |
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2019 |
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2,600 |
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Research and development |
In the fourth quarter of 2007, we assigned the leased property on Hatch Street, Dublin,
Ireland, which was not utilized by the company, to a third party. The Hatch lease had 17 years
remaining under the agreement. After the assignment, we are free of any future lease liability or
other associated expenses with the property.
The lease for one of our Dublin facilities, known as the Harcourt lease, provided for an
aggregate annual rental of approximately $1.3 million and expired in 2021. On January 18, 2008, we
signed an assignment agreement with the landlord for the surrender and termination of the Harcourt
lease. We paid approximately $5.7 million to the landlord for the termination. This amount will
be recorded as cash outflow in the first quarter of 2008. As a result of this lease termination,
we will record an additional restructuring charge accordingly in the first quarter of 2008.
In connection with the operation of our business, we review and continue to evaluate our
property needs and to consider appropriate steps to most efficiently house our operations. As of
December 31, 2007, we made provisions in our financial statements for the under-utilized building
operating lease obligations we anticipated as of December 31, 2007. After the termination of the
Harcourt lease, we believe our current leased facilities meet our current operating needs.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In July 2007, the Harcourt property landlord in Dublin, Ireland initiated legal proceedings
against us for full payment of rent for the period from July 2006 to September 2007, including
interest on arrears. We paid an amount equal to approximately $1.5 million, representing the full
rent payments for the said period and various associated legal fees, as well as the payment of late
interest charges
in the amount of approximately $0.2 million. Subsequently, the legal proceedings against us
were dropped. As further noted above, in January 2008, the Harcourt lease was terminated.
On October 30, 2007, we commenced proceedings against u-blox AG (u-blox) in the Court of
Commerce of the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, following u-bloxs refusal to allow us to complete a
routine royalty audit of its books and records in accordance with the terms of the license
agreement, and u-bloxs subsequent refusal to provide information and discuss issues relating to
u-bloxs reporting and other activities. Pursuant to these proceedings, we asked the Court to
compel u-blox to provide information to enable the royalty audit to be completed and to require
u-blox to pay royalties and/or damages in relation to any underreporting, underpayment and/or
misuse of the technology rights licensed to them. On March 3, 2008, u-bloxs lawyers filed their
statement of defense and requested that the Court reject our claims. At this point, we cannot
assess the amount of the recovery, if any.
Except for the above referenced legal proceedings, the Company is not party to any litigation
or other legal proceedings that the Company believe could reasonably be expected to have a material
adverse effect on the Companys business, results of operations and financial condition.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
20
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Below are the names, ages and principal recent business experience of our current executive
officers. All such persons have been appointed by our board of directors to serve until their
successors are elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal.
Gideon Wertheizer, age 51, has served as our Chief Executive Officer since May 2005. Mr.
Wertheizer has 25 years of experience in the semiconductor and Silicon Intellectual Property (SIP)
industries. He previously served as the Executive Vice President and General Manager of the DSP
business unit at CEVA. Prior to joining CEVA in November 2002, Mr. Wertheizer held various
executive positions at DSP Group, Inc., including such roles as Executive VP Strategic Business
Development, Vice President for Marketing and Vice President of VLSI design. Mr. Wertheizer holds
a BsC for electrical engineering from Ben Gurion University in Israel and executive MBA from
Bradford University in the United Kingdom.
Yaniv Arieli, age 39, has served as our Chief Financial Officer since May 2005. Prior to his
current position, Mr. Arieli served as President of U.S. Operations and Director of Investor
Relations of DSP Group beginning in August 2002 and Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial
Officer and Secretary of DSP Groups DSP Cores Licensing Division prior to that time. Before
joining DSP Group in 1997, Mr. Arieli served as an account manager and certified public accountant
at Kesselman & Kesselman, a member of PricewaterhouseCoopers, a leading accounting firm. Mr.
Arieli is a CPA and holds a B.A. in Accounting and Economics from Haifa University in Israel and an
M.B.A. from Newport University and is also a member of the National Investor Relation Institute.
Issachar Ohana, age 42, has served as our Vice President, Worldwide Sales, since November 2002
and our Executive Vice President, Worldwide Sales, since July 2006. Prior to joining CEVA in
November 2002, Mr. Ohana was with DSP Group beginning in August 1994 as a VLSI design engineer. He
was appointed Project Manager of DSP Groups research and development in July 1995, Director of
Core Licensing in August 1998, and Vice PresidentSales of the Core Licensing Division in May 2000.
Mr. Ohana holds a B.Sc. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Ben Gurion University in
Israel and an MBA from Bradford University in the United Kingdom.
21
PART II
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ITEM 5. |
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MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
Our common stock began trading on The NASDAQ Global Market and the London Stock Exchange on
November 1, 2002. Our common stock currently trades under the ticker symbol CEVA on NASDAQ and
under the ticker symbol CVA on the London Stock Exchange. As of March 10, 2008, there were
approximately 8,200 holders of record, which we believe represents approximately 13,500 beneficial
holders. The closing price of our common stock on The NASDAQ Global Market on March 10, 2008 was
$7.92 per share. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the range of high and
low closing prices per share of our common stock, as reported on The NASDAQ Global Market.
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Price Range of |
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Common Stock |
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High |
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Low |
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2007 |
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First Quarter |
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$ |
8.11 |
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$ |
6.49 |
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Second Quarter |
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$ |
8.58 |
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$ |
7.11 |
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Third Quarter |
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$ |
9.41 |
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$ |
7.81 |
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Fourth Quarter |
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$ |
13.22 |
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$ |
8.63 |
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2006 |
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First Quarter |
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$ |
6.88 |
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$ |
5.80 |
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Second Quarter |
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$ |
7.90 |
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$ |
5.62 |
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Third Quarter |
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$ |
6.15 |
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$ |
5.05 |
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Fourth Quarter |
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$ |
6.89 |
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$ |
5.30 |
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We have never paid any cash dividends. We intend to retain future earnings, if any, to fund
the development and growth of our business and currently do not anticipate paying cash dividends in
the foreseeable future.
Information as of December 31, 2007 regarding options granted under our option plans and
remaining available for issuance under those plans will be contained in the definitive 2008 Proxy
Statement for the 2008 annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 20, 2008 and incorporated
herein by reference.
2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
We anticipate that the 2008 annual meeting of our stockholders will be held on May 20, 2008 in
New York, NY.
Stock Performance Graph
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in any of the Companys previous or future
filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, that might incorporate this proxy statement or future filings made by the Company under
those statutes, the below Stock Performance Graph shall not be deemed filed with the United States
Securities and Exchange Commission and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of
those prior filings or into any future filings made by the Company under those statutes.
22
COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among Ceva, Inc, The NASDAQ Composite Index
And Specialized Semiconductor Index
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* |
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$100 invested on 12/31/02 in stock or index-including reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ending December 31.
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12/31/02 |
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12/31/03 |
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12/31/04 |
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12/31/05 |
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12/31/06 |
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12/31/07 |
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CEVA, Inc |
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100.00 |
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176.14 |
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154.09 |
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105.92 |
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109.48 |
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206.60 |
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NASDAQ Composite |
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100.00 |
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149.75 |
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164.64 |
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168.60 |
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187.83 |
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205.22 |
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Specialized Semiconductor |
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100.00 |
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174.11 |
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145.93 |
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153.22 |
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168.69 |
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224.30 |
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The stock performance graph above compares the percentage change in cumulative stockholder
return on the common stock of our company for the period from December 31, 2002, through December
31, 2007, with the cumulative total return on The NASDAQ Global Market (U.S.) and the Hemscott
Specialized Semiconductor Group Index.
This graph assumes the investment of $100.00 in our common stock (at the closing price of our
common stock on December 31, 2002), The NASDAQ Global Market (U.S.) and the Hemscott Specialized
Semiconductor Group Index on December 31, 2002, and assumes dividends, if any, are reinvested.
Comparisons in the graph above are based upon historical data and are not indicative of, nor
intended to forecast, future performance of our common stock.
23
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with, and are qualified by
reference to, our consolidated financial statements and the related notes, as well as our
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, both appearing elsewhere in this annual report.
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Year Ended December 31, |
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2003 |
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2004 |
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2005 |
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2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licensing |
|
$ |
25,737 |
|
|
$ |
26,237 |
|
|
$ |
23,935 |
|
|
$ |
22,160 |
|
|
$ |
19,499 |
|
Royalties |
|
|
4,058 |
|
|
|
6,034 |
|
|
|
6,820 |
|
|
|
6,324 |
|
|
|
9,095 |
|
Other revenue |
|
|
7,041 |
|
|
|
5,402 |
|
|
|
4,881 |
|
|
|
4,021 |
|
|
|
4,617 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
36,836 |
|
|
|
37,673 |
|
|
|
35,636 |
|
|
|
32,505 |
|
|
|
33,211 |
|
Cost of revenues |
|
|
6,061 |
|
|
|
5,178 |
|
|
|
4,217 |
|
|
|
4,035 |
|
|
|
3,851 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
|
30,775 |
|
|
|
32,495 |
|
|
|
31,419 |
|
|
|
28,470 |
|
|
|
29,360 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net |
|
|
17,382 |
|
|
|
17,276 |
|
|
|
20,153 |
|
|
|
18,769 |
|
|
|
19,136 |
|
Sales and marketing |
|
|
6,058 |
|
|
|
6,965 |
|
|
|
6,577 |
|
|
|
6,268 |
|
|
|
6,253 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
6,109 |
|
|
|
5,863 |
|
|
|
5,742 |
|
|
|
5,882 |
|
|
|
5,721 |
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
1,127 |
|
|
|
892 |
|
|
|
823 |
|
|
|
414 |
|
|
|
148 |
|
Reorganization, restructuring and
severance charge |
|
|
8,620 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,207 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impairment of assets |
|
|
3,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
510 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
42,529 |
|
|
|
30,996 |
|
|
|
37,012 |
|
|
|
31,333 |
|
|
|
31,258 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss) |
|
|
(11,754 |
) |
|
|
1,499 |
|
|
|
(5,593 |
) |
|
|
(2,863 |
) |
|
|
(1,898 |
) |
Financial income, net |
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
796 |
|
|
|
1,820 |
|
|
|
2,620 |
|
|
|
3,211 |
|
Other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,507 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
425 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before taxes on income |
|
|
(11,691 |
) |
|
|
2,295 |
|
|
|
(2,266 |
) |
|
|
(186 |
) |
|
|
1,738 |
|
Income tax expense (income) |
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
645 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(88 |
) |
|
|
447 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(11,991 |
) |
|
$ |
1,650 |
|
|
$ |
(2,266 |
) |
|
$ |
(98 |
) |
|
$ |
1,291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(0.66 |
) |
|
$ |
0.09 |
|
|
$ |
(0.12 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.07 |
|
Diluted net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(0.66 |
) |
|
$ |
0.09 |
|
|
$ |
(0.12 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2003 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working capital |
|
$ |
53,440 |
|
|
$ |
57,960 |
|
|
$ |
61,240 |
|
|
$ |
65,001 |
|
|
$ |
77,312 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
119,433 |
|
|
|
119,163 |
|
|
|
115,749 |
|
|
|
121,080 |
|
|
|
128,989 |
|
Total long term liabilities |
|
|
3,093 |
|
|
|
2,626 |
|
|
|
4,295 |
|
|
|
4,216 |
|
|
|
4,647 |
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
$ |
98,479 |
|
|
$ |
102,549 |
|
|
$ |
102,233 |
|
|
$ |
106,143 |
|
|
$ |
114,388 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licensing |
|
$ |
5,340 |
|
|
$ |
6,017 |
|
|
$ |
5,528 |
|
|
$ |
5,275 |
|
|
$ |
4,639 |
|
|
$ |
5,534 |
|
|
$ |
5,314 |
|
|
$ |
4,012 |
|
Royalties |
|
|
1,820 |
|
|
|
1,438 |
|
|
|
1,410 |
|
|
|
1,656 |
|
|
|
1,957 |
|
|
|
1,918 |
|
|
|
2,178 |
|
|
|
3,042 |
|
Other revenue |
|
|
974 |
|
|
|
957 |
|
|
|
955 |
|
|
|
1,135 |
|
|
|
1,130 |
|
|
|
1,063 |
|
|
|
1,237 |
|
|
|
1,187 |
|
Total revenues |
|
|
8,134 |
|
|
|
8,412 |
|
|
|
7,893 |
|
|
|
8,066 |
|
|
|
7,726 |
|
|
|
8,515 |
|
|
|
8,729 |
|
|
|
8,241 |
|
Cost of revenues |
|
|
895 |
|
|
|
1,135 |
|
|
|
992 |
|
|
|
1,013 |
|
|
|
1,007 |
|
|
|
918 |
|
|
|
1,001 |
|
|
|
925 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
7,239 |
|
|
|
7,277 |
|
|
|
6,901 |
|
|
|
7,053 |
|
|
|
6,719 |
|
|
|
7,597 |
|
|
|
7,728 |
|
|
|
7,316 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net |
|
|
5,016 |
|
|
|
4,873 |
|
|
|
4,270 |
|
|
|
4,610 |
|
|
|
4,700 |
|
|
|
4,610 |
|
|
|
4,705 |
|
|
|
5,121 |
|
Sales and marketing |
|
|
1,771 |
|
|
|
1,606 |
|
|
|
1,414 |
|
|
|
1,477 |
|
|
|
1,555 |
|
|
|
1,619 |
|
|
|
1,471 |
|
|
|
1,608 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
1,484 |
|
|
|
1,474 |
|
|
|
1,577 |
|
|
|
1,347 |
|
|
|
1,246 |
|
|
|
1,373 |
|
|
|
1,515 |
|
|
|
1,587 |
|
Amortization of other
intangible assets |
|
|
190 |
|
|
|
141 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
8,461 |
|
|
|
8,094 |
|
|
|
7,303 |
|
|
|
7,475 |
|
|
|
7,543 |
|
|
|
7,643 |
|
|
|
7,732 |
|
|
|
8,340 |
|
Operating loss |
|
|
(1,222 |
) |
|
|
(817 |
) |
|
|
(402 |
) |
|
|
(422 |
) |
|
|
(824 |
) |
|
|
(46 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
(1,024 |
) |
Financial income, net |
|
|
541 |
|
|
|
573 |
|
|
|
778 |
|
|
|
728 |
|
|
|
824 |
|
|
|
626 |
|
|
|
745 |
|
|
|
1,016 |
|
Other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
425 |
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before taxes on
income (loss) |
|
|
(681 |
) |
|
|
(187 |
) |
|
|
376 |
|
|
|
306 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
580 |
|
|
|
1,166 |
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
Income taxes expense (income) |
|
|
120 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
(273 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
150 |
|
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
243 |
|
25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(801 |
) |
|
$ |
(217 |
) |
|
$ |
341 |
|
|
$ |
579 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
430 |
|
|
$ |
1,112 |
|
|
$ |
(251 |
) |
Basic net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(0.04 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
0.03 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
Diluted net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(0.04 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
0.03 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
Weighted average number of shares
of Common Stock used in
computation of net income (loss)
per share (in thousands): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
19,061 |
|
|
|
19,142 |
|
|
|
19,239 |
|
|
|
19,315 |
|
|
|
19,420 |
|
|
|
19,473 |
|
|
|
19,647 |
|
|
|
19,873 |
|
Diluted |
|
|
19,061 |
|
|
|
19,142 |
|
|
|
19,324 |
|
|
|
19,432 |
|
|
|
19,420 |
|
|
|
19,776 |
|
|
|
20,287 |
|
|
|
19,873 |
|
26
|
|
|
ITEM 7. |
|
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
You should read the following discussion together with the consolidated financials statements
and related notes appearing elsewhere in this annual report. This discussion contains
forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ
materially from those included in such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual
results to differ materially include those set forth under Risk Factors, as well as those
otherwise discussed in this section and elsewhere in this annual report. See Forward-Looking
Statements and Industry Data.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
The following discussion and analysis is intended to provide an investor with a narrative of
our financial results and an evaluation of our financial condition and results of operations. The
discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes
thereto for the year ended December 31, 2007, both appearing elsewhere in this annual report.
CEVA is the leading licensor of DSP cores. Our technologies are widely licensed and power
some of the worlds leading handset and consumer electronics semiconductor companies, including
Broadcom, Infineon, InterDigital, Marvell, NXP, RadioFrame Networks, Renesas, ROHM, Samsung, Sharp,
Sony, Spreadtrum, STMicroelectronics, Thomson, VIA Telecom and Zoran. In 2007, our licensees
shipped over 227 million CEVA-powered chipsets, an increase of 19% over 2006 shipments of 190
million chipsets. In 2007, analyst firm Gartner Inc. reported CEVAs share of the licensable DSP
market at 53%.
Our revenue mix contains IP licensing fees, per unit and prepaid royalties and other revenues.
Prepaid royalties are recognized under the licensing revenue line. Other revenues include
revenues from support, training and sale of development systems. We have built a strong customer
base which relies on our technology to deploy their silicon solutions. We license our technology
as intellectual property (IP) to semiconductor companies who manufacture, market and sell DSP
application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and application-specific standard products
(ASSPs) based on CEVA technologies to systems original equipment manufacturer (OEM) companies for
incorporation into a wide variety of end products. Our IP is primarily deployed in high volume
markets, including handsets (e.g. cellular baseband, ultra-low-cost phones, multimedia phones,
smart phones and Bluetooth), portable multimedia (e.g. portable video players, MobileTVs, personal
navigation devices and MP3/MP4 players), home entertainment (e.g. DVD/HD DVD/Blu-ray players, game
consoles, set-top boxes and Digital TVs), storage (e.g. hard disk drives and Solid Storage Devices
(SSD)) and telecommunication devices (e.g. residential gateways, femto cells, VoIP phones and
network infrastructure).
We address the requirements of our target markets by designing and licensing programmable DSP
cores, DSP-based sub-systems, application-specific platforms and range of software components which
enable rapid design of DSP-based chips. Our offerings include a family of programmable DSP cores
with a range of cost power consumption and performances metrics, DSP-based subsystem, the essential
hardware peripherals associated with DSP cores, and a portfolio of application-specific platforms,
including video, audio, Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Serial ATA (SATA) and Bluetooth. In
addition, we offer design services to our customers mainly in the form of porting our technologies
to a customers foundries and processes.
With more than fifteen years of experience in the industry, many of our customers are
committed to our DSP architectures, and they choose to re-license and upgrade their licenses for
more advanced CEVA DSP cores that we continually introduce. Our legacy CEVA-Oak, CEVA-Teak,
CEVA-TeakLite, CEVA-TeakLite-II and CEVA-TeakLite-III DSPs are all code compatible, meaning
customers can leverage their knowledge in developing products incorporating our DSP cores across a
wide range of applications. Moreover, to address the needs of our customers and adapt to
technological changes in the market, we invest in research and development to continually introduce
more innovative solutions. For example, in recognition of the need for high performance, scalable
architectures for emerging applications such as fourth generation cellular (also referred to as
WiMax or LTE) and High Definition Video in recent years, we introduced a new DSP architecture, the
CEVA-X DSP with three new cores CEVA-X1620, CEVA-X1622 and CEVA-X1641.
Given the technological complexity of DSP-based applications, there are increased requirements
to supplement the basic DSP core IP with additional technologies in the form of integrated
application-specific hardware and software peripherals. Therefore, we believe there is an industry
shift towards licensing DSP technology from third party IP providers as opposed to developing it
in-house, due to the design cycle time constantly shortening and the cost of ownership and
maintenance of such architectures. In order to grow our business by capitalizing on this industry
shift, we introduced in the last few years the MobileMedia and CEVA-Audio product lines aimed at
the growing video and audio penetration into handset devices, CEVA-VoP for the growing use of VoIP
in broadband networks and wireless phones, CEVA-Bluetooth for handset, headset and mobile devices
and CEVA-SATA for the growing market for Solid State Drives (SSD) with new products such as One
Laptop per Child (OLPC) and Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC). The industry demonstrates a continued demand
for highly integrated, licensable application platforms incorporating DSP cores and all the
necessary
hardware and software for their target applications. We believe that the growing demand for
these platforms will drive demand for our technology.
27
However, our business operates in a highly competitive environment. Competition has
historically increased pricing pressures for our products and decreased our average selling prices.
In order to penetrate new markets and maintain our market share with our existing products, we may
need to offer our products in the future at lower prices which may result in lower profits. Our
future growth is dependent not only on the continued success of our existing products but also the
successful introduction of new products. Moreover, we must continue to monitor and control our
operating costs and to maintain our current level of gross margin in order to offset future
declines in average selling prices. In addition, since our products are incorporated into end
products of our OEM customers, our business is very dependent on our OEM customers ability to
achieve market acceptance of their end products in consumer electronic markets, which are similarly
very competitive.
The ever-changing nature of the market also challenges our continued business growth
potential. For example, the success of our video products are highly dependent on the market
adoption of new services and products, such as High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), high resolution
streaming video, the migration from audio players to Personal Multimedia Players (PMP), as well the
migration to digital TVs and set-top boxes with high definition audio. In addition, our business
may be affected by market conditions in developing markets, such as China and India specifically,
where the penetration of ultra-low-cost (ULC) handsets in rural sites could generate future growth
potential for our business. Moreover, our royalty revenues currently are primarily generated from
sales of chipsets used in handsets and home entertainment equipment. As a result, a decline or
change in growth rate in these markets or market share of our customers in those markets would
adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
In view of the current market trends, our planned future products are targeted at next
generation cellular and multimedia devices. We believe that our future solutions will provide the
desired flexibility needed for the always-connected Internet trend. We also believe that our
introduction of additional technologies, such as advanced DSP cores for the fourth generation
handset, and high definition audio and video, will contribute to our growth in future periods.
However, our ability to introduce new products and expand into new markets may not occur and may
require us to substantially increase our operating expenses. As a result, our past operating
results should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. We further cannot
provide any assurances that our planned features will achieve market acceptance, and allow us to
maintain our market share or provide for our future growth.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP). These accounting principles require us to
make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and
assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time
that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and
assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the
financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods
presented. To the extent there are material differences between these estimates, judgments or
assumptions and actual results, our financial statements will be affected. The significant
accounting policies that we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and
evaluating our reported financial results include the following:
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revenue recognition; |
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allowances for doubtful accounts; |
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accounting for income taxes; |
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impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets; |
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stock based compensation; |
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reorganization, restructuring and severance charges; |
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investments in other companies; and |
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foreign currency. |
28
In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated
by U.S. GAAP and does not require managements judgment in its application. There are also areas
in which managements judgment in selecting among available alternatives would not produce a
materially different result.
Revenue Recognition
Significant management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with the
recognition of revenue in any accounting period. Material differences in the amount of revenue in
any given period may result if these judgments or estimates prove to be incorrect or if
managements estimates change on the basis of development of business or market conditions.
Managements judgments and estimates have been applied consistently and have been reliable
historically.
We generate our revenues from (1) licensing intellectual property, which in certain
circumstances is modified to customer-specific requirements, (2) royalty income and (3) other
revenues, which include revenues from support, training and sale of development systems. We
license our IP to semiconductor companies throughout the world. These semiconductor companies then
manufacture, market and sell custom-designed chips to original equipment manufacturers of a variety
of electronic products. We also license our technology directly to OEMs, which are considered end
users.
We account for our IP license revenues in accordance with Statement of Position 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, as amended. Under the terms of SOP 97-2, revenues are recognized
when: (1) collection is probable; (2) delivery has occurred; (3) the license fee is fixed or
determinable; and (4) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and no further obligation
exists. A license may be perpetual or time limited in its application. SOP 97-2 generally requires
revenue earned on licensing arrangements involving multiple elements to be allocated to each
element based on the relative fair value of the elements. However, we have adopted SOP 98-9,
Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions, for
multiple element transactions. SOP 98-9 requires that revenue be recognized under the residual
method when vendor specific objective evidence (VSOE) of fair value exists for all undelivered
elements and VSOE does not exist for one of the delivered elements. The VSOE of fair value of the
undelivered elements (mainly technical support and training) is determined based on the substantive
renewal rate as stated in the agreement.
SOP 97-2 specifies that extended payment terms in a licensing arrangement may indicate that
the license fees are not deemed to be fixed or determinable. If the fee is not fixed or
determinable, or if collection is not considered probable, revenue is recognized as payments become
due or collected from the customer, respectively, provided all other revenue recognition criteria
have been met. Our revenue recognition policy determines all arrangements that become due after
12 months as extended payments and revenue is recognized as each payment becomes due, provided
all other revenue recognition criteria have been met.
Revenues from license fees that involve significant customization of our IP to
customer-specific specifications are recognized in accordance with the principles set out in
Statement of Position 81-1, Accounting for Performance of ConstructionType and Certain
ProductionType Contracts (SOP 81-1), using contract accounting on a percentage of completion
method, in accordance with the Input Method. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the
total project fees (including the license fee and the customization hours charged) under the
agreement and the percentage of completion achieved. The percentage of completion is measured by
monitoring progress using records of actual time incurred to date in the project compared to the
total estimated project requirements, which corresponds to the costs related to earned revenues.
Estimates of total project requirements are based on prior experience of customization, delivery
and acceptance of the same or similar technology and are reviewed and updated regularly by
management. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in
which such losses are first determined, in the amount of the estimated loss on the entire contract.
As of December 31, 2007, no such losses were identified.
Estimated gross profit or loss from long-term contracts may change due to changes in estimates
resulting from differences between actual performance and original forecasts. Such changes in
estimated gross profit are recorded in results of operations when they are reasonably determinable
by us, on a cumulative catch-up basis.
We believe that the use of the percentage of completion method is appropriate as we have the
ability to make reasonably dependable estimates of the extent of progress towards completion,
contract revenues and contract costs. In addition, contracts executed include provisions that
clearly specify the enforceable rights regarding services to be provided and received by the
parties to the contracts, the consideration to be exchanged and the manner and terms of settlement.
In all cases we expect to perform our contractual obligations, and our licensees are expected to
satisfy their obligations under the contract.
When a sale of our IP is made to a third party who also supplies us with goods or services
under separate agreements, we evaluate each of the agreements to determine whether they are clearly
separable, and independent of one another and that reliable fair value exists for either the sale
or purchase element in order to determine the appropriate revenue recognition.
29
Royalties from licensing the right to use our IP are recognized when the related sales are
made. We determine such sales by receiving confirmation of sales subject to royalties from
licensees. Non-refundable payments on account of future royalties are recognized upon payment
become due, provided no future obligation exists. Prepaid royalties are recognized under the
licensing revenue line.
Allowances for Doubtful Accounts
We make judgments as to our ability to collect outstanding receivables and provide allowances
for the portion of receivables when collection becomes doubtful. Provisions are made based upon a
detailed review of all significant outstanding receivables. In determining the provision, we
analyze our historical collection experience and current economic trends. We reassess these
allowances each accounting period. Historically, our actual losses and credits have been
consistent with these provisions. If actual payment experience with our customers is different
than our estimates, adjustments to these allowances may be necessary resulting in additional
charges to our statements of operations.
Accounting for Income Taxes
Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide income tax expense provision.
In the ordinary course of a global business, there are many transactions and calculations where the
ultimate tax outcome is uncertain. Some of these uncertainties arise as a consequence of cost
reimbursement arrangements among related entities, the process of identifying items of revenue and
expense that qualify for preferential tax treatment and segregation of foreign and domestic income
and expense to avoid double taxation. Although we believe that our estimates are reasonable, the
final tax outcome of these matters may be different than those reflected in our historical income
tax provisions and accruals. Such differences could have a material effect on our income tax
provision and net income (loss) in the period in which such determination is made.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined using enacted tax rates for the effects of
net operating losses and temporary differences between the book and tax bases of assets and
liabilities. Our accounting for deferred taxes under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(SFAS) No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, involves the evaluation of a number of factors
concerning the realizability of our deferred tax assets. In concluding that a valuation allowance
is required, we primarily consider such factors as our history of operating losses and expected
future losses in certain jurisdictions and the nature of our deferred tax assets. We provide
valuation allowances in respect of deferred tax assets resulting principally from the carryforward
of tax losses. We currently believe that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax
regarding the carryforward of losses and certain accrued expenses will not be realized in the
foreseeable future. In the event that we were to determine that we would not be able to realize
all or part of our deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets
would be charged to earnings in the period in which we make such a determination. Likewise, if we
later determine that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets would be realized,
we would reverse the applicable portion of the previously provided valuation allowance. In order
for us to realize our deferred tax assets we must be able to generate sufficient taxable income in
the tax jurisdictions in which the deferred tax assets are located.
In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation No.
48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-an Interpretation of SFAS Statement No. 109
(FIN 48). FIN 48 contains a two step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax
positions accounted for in accordance with SFAS Statement No. 109. The first step is to evaluate
the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is
more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related
appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the
largest amount which is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FIN 48
was effective for us at the beginning of fiscal 2007. Our adoption of FIN 48 did not have any
material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
We do not provide for U.S. Federal income taxes on the undistributed earnings of our
international subsidiaries because such earnings are re-invested and, in our opinion, will not be
distributed to CEVA, Inc., the U.S. parent company, and will continue to be re-invested
indefinitely. In addition, we operate within multiple taxing jurisdictions involving complex
issues, and we provide for tax liabilities on investment activity as appropriate.
In addition, we operate within multiple taxing jurisdictions and may be subject to audits in
these jurisdictions. These audits can involve complex issues that may require an extended period
of time for resolution. In managements opinion, adequate provisions for income taxes have been
made.
30
Goodwill
Under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill and intangible assets
with an identifiable useful life are no longer amortized but are subject to annual impairment tests
based on estimated fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 142. We conduct our annual test of
impairment for goodwill on October 1st of each year. In addition we test if impairment
exists periodically whenever events or circumstances occur subsequent to our annual impairment
tests that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying
amount. Indicators we considered important which could trigger an impairment include, but are not
limited to, significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating
results, significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our
overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, a significant decline in our
stock price for a sustained period and our market capitalization relative to net book value.
In October 2007 and 2006, we conducted our annual goodwill impairment test as required by SFAS
No. 142. The goodwill impairment test compared the fair value of the company with the carrying
amount, including goodwill, on that date. Because the market capitalization exceeded the carrying
value, goodwill is considered not impaired.
Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets represent costs of technology acquired from acquisitions which have
reached technological feasibility. The costs of technology have been capitalized and are amortized
to the consolidated statements of operations over the period during which economic benefits are
expected to accrue, currently estimated at five years. We are required to test our other
intangible assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the value of the
assets may be impaired. Factors we consider important, which could trigger impairment include:
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significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future
operating results; |
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significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy
for our overall business; |
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significant negative industry or economic trends; |
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significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period; and |
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significant decline in our market capitalization relative to net book value. |
Where events and circumstances are present which indicate that the carrying value may not be
recoverable, we will recognize an impairment loss. Such impairment loss is measured by comparing
the fair value of the asset with its carrying value. The determination of the value of such
intangible assets requires us to make assumptions regarding future business conditions and
operating results in order to estimate future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair
value of the respective assets. If these estimates or the related assumptions change in the
future, we could be required to record additional impairment charges.
In the second quarter of 2006, there was a decrease in the amount of other intangible assets,
net of $0.8 million, as a result of the divestment of our GPS technology and associated business to
GloNav Inc. (GloNav). In the second quarter of 2005, we recorded an impairment charge of $0.4
million in respect of certain technology acquired in the combination with Parthus (Parthus) as we
decided to cease the development of this product line due to the minimal differentiation between
competing solutions.
Accounting for Equity-Based Compensation:
On January 1, 2006, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised
2004), Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123(R)) which requires the measurement and recognition of
compensation expense based on estimated fair values for all share-based payment awards made to
employees and directors. SFAS 123(R) supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB 25), for periods beginning in fiscal 2006. In
March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (SAB
107) relating to SFAS 123(R). We applied the provisions of SAB 107 upon our adoption of SFAS
123(R).
Prior to January 1, 2006, we applied the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock
options as prescribed by APB 25, whereby compensation expense is equal to the excess, if any, of
the quoted market price of the stock over the exercise price on the grant date of the award.
We adopted the fair value recognition provision of SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective
transition method, effective January 1, 2006. Under the transition method, compensation cost
recognized in the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007,
included: (a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet
vested as of, January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the
original provisions of Statement 123, and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments
granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance
with the provisions of Statement 123(R). Results for prior periods have not been restated.
31
SFAS 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on
the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is
ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense over the requisite service periods on our
consolidated income statement. We recognize compensation expenses for the value of our awards,
which have graded vesting based on the accelerated attribution method over the requisite service
period of each of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures. Estimated forfeitures are based on
actual historical pre-vesting forfeitures.
The Company used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model through
December 31, 2006 and
the Monte-Carlo simulation model for options granted thereafter. The Black-Scholes option-pricing
model requires a number of assumptions, of which the most significant are the expected
stock price volatility and option term. Expected volatility was calculated based upon
actual historical stock price movements over the most recent periods ending on
the grant date, equal to the expected option term.
The expected option term represents the period that the Companys stock options
are expected to be outstanding and was determined based on historical experience
of similar options, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the
stock options. The Company has historically not paid dividends and has no
foreseeable plans to issue dividends. The risk-free interest rate is based on the
yield from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with an equivalent term. The Monte-Carlo model
considers characteristics of fair value option pricing that are not available
under the Black-Scholes model. Similar to the Black-Scholes model, the Monte-Carlo model
takes into account variables such as volatility, dividend yield rate and risk
free interest rate. However, the Monte-Carlo model also considers the contractual
term of the option, the probability that the option will be exercised prior to the
end of its contractual life, and the probability of termination or retirement of the
option holder in computing the value of the option. For these reasons, the Company
believes that the Monte-Carlo model provides a fair value that is more representative
of actual experience and future expected experience than that calculated using
the Black-Scholes model.
As a result of adopting SFAS 123(R) on January 1, 2006, our net income for the year ended
December 31, 2007, was $2.1 million lower and our net loss for the year ended December 31, 2006, was
$2.2 million higher than if we had continued to account for equity-based compensation under APB 25.
Basic and diluted net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2007, were $0.10 and $0.11,
respectively, which are lower, and basic and diluted net loss per share for the year ended December
31, 2006, were both $0.11 higher, than if we continued to account for equity-based compensation
under APB 25.
Reorganization, Restructuring and Severance Charge
We implemented reorganization and restructuring plans in 2005, which resulted in a total
charge of $3.2 million. The charge arose in connection with our decision to restructure our
corporate management, reduce overhead and consolidate our activities. The charges included
severance charges and employee-related liabilities arising in connection with a head-count
reduction of employees and a provision for future operating lease charges on idle facilities, one
of which was our facilities in Dublin, Ireland, known as the Harcourt lease. The Harcourt lease
provided for an aggregate annual rental of approximately $1.3 million and expired in 2021. Of the
total charge of $3.2 million in 2005, the portion of the restructuring reserve related to the
Harcourt lease was $1.7 million. With respect to assessing the charges for under-utilized leased
properties, we are required to make and review certain estimates and assumptions on a quarterly
basis. In determining such estimates and assumptions, management takes into account current market
conditions and our ability to either exit a particular under-utilized lease property or sub-let the
property, all in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 146, Accounting
for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities, (SFAS No. 146). If an exit strategy in
respect of a leased property is appropriate, the under-utilized building operating lease charge is
calculated taking into consideration the surrender value given the underlying market conditions.
Otherwise, the under-utilized building operating lease charge is calculated on a sub-let basis by
taking into consideration (1) the committed annual rental charge associated with the vacant square
footage, (2) an assessment of the sublet rents that could be achieved based on current market
conditions, vacancy rates and future outlook, (3) the estimated periods that facilities would be
empty before being sublet, (4) an assessment of the percentage increases in the primary lease rent
and the sublease rent at each five-year rent review, and (5) the application of a discount rate
over the remaining period of the lease based on projected interest rates.
Throughout 2006, we continued exit negotiations with the Harcourt landlord to terminate the
lease, which negotiations commenced in September 2005. At December 31, 2005, the provision for
this under-utilized property was $3.0 million (including legal and professional fees). At December
31, 2006, exit negotiations regarding the Harcourt lease had not concluded. There was no
additional restructuring charge to the statement of operations relating to the Harcourt lease
during 2006 (approximately $760,000 was accrued as expenses under
other liabilities, of which approximately $270,000 was paid in 2006). In July
2007, the Harcourt landlord initiated legal proceedings against us for full payment of rent for the
period from July 2006 to September 2007, including interest on arrears. We paid an amount equal to
approximately $1.5 million (of which approximately $0.8 million was included in accrued expenses
under restructuring and approximately $0.7 million was included in accrued expenses under other
liabilities) representing the full rent payments for the said period and various associated legal
fees, as well as payment of late interest charges in the amount of approximately $0.2 million.
Subsequently, the legal proceedings against us were dropped. During the third quarter of 2007, we
re-initiated exit negotiations with the Harcourt landlord. At December 31, 2007, we concluded that
we had no assurance whether, and if so when, the exit negotiations would result in a lease
termination. Pursuant to a sublet strategy in accordance with SFAS No. 146, as of December 31,
2007, the portion of the restructuring reserve related to the Harcourt lease was $2.2 million.
There was no additional restructuring charge to the statement of operations relating to the
Harcourt lease during 2007 (approximately $0.2 million was accrued as expenses under other
liabilities).
On January 18, 2008, we signed an assignment agreement with the Harcourt landlord for the
surrender and termination of the Harcourt lease. We paid approximately $5.7 million to the
landlord for the termination. This amount will be recorded as cash outflow in the first quarter of
2008. As a result of the lease termination, we will record an additional restructuring charge
accordingly in the first quarter of 2008.
As of December 31, 2007, $143,000 of the restructuring reserve were related to another unused
space in Ireland for the period until March 2010.
32
Investment in Other Company, Net:
Investments in privately held companies in which we do not have the ability to exercise
significant influence over operating and financial policy are presented at cost. The carrying
value is periodically reviewed by management for impairment. If this review indicates that the
cost is not recoverable, the carrying value is reduced to its estimated fair value.
On June 23, 2006, we divested our GPS technology and associated business to a U.S.-based
company, GloNav Inc. (GloNav) (for more information see Note 4 to the attached Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statement for the year ended December 31, 2007). The investment in GloNav
is stated at cost since we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating
and financial policies of GloNav. We recorded the investment on our consolidated balance sheets as
investment in other company, net.
In January 2008, we divested our equity stake in GloNav following GloNavs acquisition by NXP
Semiconductors for an initial cash payment of $85 million, plus up to an additional $25 million in
cash payable to all of GloNavs stockholders, contingent upon GloNav reaching certain revenue and
product development milestones within two years of the acquisition. In February 2008, we received
our portion of the initial cash payment, less 10% which is being held in escrow to satisfy
indemnification claims and less our portion of certain fees and expenses incurred in connection
with the transaction. After the deductions, our initial cash payment totaled $14.6 million. In
the first quarter of 2008, we expect to record a pre-tax gain of $8.6 million from the divestment
of our equity stake in GloNav and an additional pre-tax gain of $1.75 million from the recognition
of the deferred gain resulting from the divestment of the GPS technology and associated business to
GloNav in June 2006, as detailed above.
Foreign Currency
The U.S. dollar is the functional and reporting currency for the company. The majority of our
revenues and a portion of our expenses are transacted in U.S. dollars, and our assets and
liabilities together with our cash holdings are predominately denominated in U.S. dollars.
However, a significant portion of our expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U.S.
dollar, principally the Euro and the Israeli NIS. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in
foreign currencies are remeasured into U.S. dollars at year end exchange rates while revenues and
expenses are remeasured at rates approximating those in place on the dates of the related
transactions. Increases in the volatility of the exchange rates of the Euro and the NIS versus the
U.S. dollar could have an adverse effect on the expenses and liabilities that we incur when
remeasured into U.S. dollars. We review our expected monthly non-U.S. dollar denominated
expenditures and look to hold equivalent non-U.S. dollar cash balances to mitigate currency
fluctuations. This hedging program has resulted in a foreign exchange gain of $38,000 in 2007, a
foreign exchange loss of $150,000 in 2006 and foreign exchange gain of $109,000 in 2005.
To protect against the increase in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flow resulting
from salaries paid in Israeli NIS and in Euro during the year, we instituted, in the second quarter
of 2007, a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. We hedge portions of the anticipated
payroll for our Israeli employees denominated in NIS for a period of one to twelve months with
forward contracts. However, hedging transactions may not successfully mitigate losses caused by
currency fluctuations. We expect to continue to experience the effect of exchange rate
fluctuations on an annual and quarterly basis. We also believe the devaluation of the U.S. dollar
as compared to the NIS and Euro will result in an increase in overall expense increase in 2008.
Recently issued accounting standards:
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS No. 157).
SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally
accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The
provisions of SFAS No. 157 are effective for the company beginning on January 1, 2008. The FASB
issues a FASB Staff Position (FSP) to defer the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for one year for all
non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for those items that are recognized or
disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. We do not expect the
adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets
and Financial Liabilities (SFAS No. 159). SFAS No. 159 permits companies to choose to measure
certain financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS No. 159 requires that
unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected be reported
in earnings. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning
after November 15, 2007
and interim periods thereafter, although earlier adoption is permitted. We are currently
evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 159 will have on our consolidated financial statements.
33
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an
amendment of ARB No. 51 (SFAS No. 160). SFAS No. 160
establishes accounting and reporting standards that require that the ownership interests in subsidiaries
held by parties other than the parent be clearly identified, labeled, and
presented in the consolidated statement of financial position within equity, but separate from the
parents equity; the amount of consolidated net income attributable
to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the
face of the consolidated statement of operations; and changes in a parents ownership interest
while the parent retains its controlling financial interest in its subsidiary be accounted for
consistently. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal
years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 160 will
have significant impact on our consolidated financial statement.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table presents line items from our statements of operations as percentages of
our total revenues for the periods indicated:
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2005 |
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2006 |
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2007 |
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Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: |
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Revenues: |
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Licensing |
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67.2 |
% |
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68.2 |
% |
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58.7 |
% |
Royalties |
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19.1 |
% |
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19.4 |
% |
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27.4 |
% |
Other revenue |
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|
13.7 |
% |
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|
12.4 |
% |
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|
13.9 |
% |
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|
|
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Total revenues |
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|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
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|
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|
Cost of revenues |
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|
11.8 |
% |
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|
12.4 |
% |
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|
11.6 |
% |
Gross profit |
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|
88.2 |
% |
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|
87.6 |
% |
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|
88.4 |
% |
Operating expenses: |
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Research and development, net |
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56.6 |
% |
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57.7 |
% |
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57.6 |
% |
Sales and marketing |
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18.5 |
% |
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19.3 |
% |
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18.8 |
% |
General and administrative |
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16.1 |
% |
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18.1 |
% |
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17.2 |
% |
Amortization of other intangible assets |
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2.3 |
% |
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1.3 |
% |
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|
0.5 |
% |
Reorganization, restructuring and severance charge |
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9.0 |
% |
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Impairment of assets |
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|
1.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
103.9 |
% |
|
|
96.4 |
% |
|
|
94.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating loss |
|
|
(15.7 |
)% |
|
|
(8.8 |
)% |
|
|
(5.7 |
)% |
Financial income, net |
|
|
5.1 |
% |
|
|
8.0 |
% |
|
|
9.6 |
% |
Other income |
|
|
4.2 |
% |
|
|
0.2 |
% |
|
|
1.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before taxes on income |
|
|
(6.4 |
)% |
|
|
(0.6 |
)% |
|
|
5.2 |
% |
Taxes on income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.3 |
)% |
|
|
1.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
|
(6.4 |
)% |
|
|
(0.3 |
)% |
|
|
3.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discussion and Analysis
34
Below we provide information on the significant line items in our statements of operations for
each of the past three fiscal years, including the percentage changes year-on-year, as well as an
analysis of the principal drivers of change in these line items from year-to-year.
Revenues
Total Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Total revenues (in millions) |
|
$ |
35.6 |
|
|
$ |
32.5 |
|
|
$ |
33.2 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8.8 |
)% |
|
|
2.2 |
% |
The slight increase in total revenues from 2006 to 2007 principally reflects a combination of
higher royalties and other revenues, offset by lower licensing revenues. The decrease in total
revenues from 2005 to 2006 principally reflects lower licensing revenues from the GPS (as a result
of the divestment of our GPS technology and associated business to GloNav in June 2006) and SATA
product lines, as well as lower royalties and other revenues. The five largest customers accounted
for 53% of total revenues in 2007, 42% in 2006 and 36% in 2005.
In 2007, three customers accounted for 17%, 12% and 11% of revenues, compared to one customer
accounted for 16% and one customer accounted for 10% of revenues in 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Because of the nature of our license agreements and the associated large initial payments due, the
identity of major customers generally varies from quarter to quarter and we do not believe that we
are materially dependent on any one specific customer or any specific small number of licensees.
We generate our revenues from licensing our IP, which in certain circumstances is modified for
customer-specific requirements. Revenues from license fees that involve customization of our IP to
customer specifications are recognized in accordance with Statement of Position 81-1, Accounting
for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts. We account for all of
our other IP license revenues in accordance with Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software
Revenue Recognition, as amended.
We generate royalties from our licensing activities in two manners: royalties paid by our
customers during the period in which they ship units of chipsets incorporating our technology,
which we refer to as per unit royalties, and royalties which are paid in a lump sum and in advance
to cover a fixed number of future unit shipments, which we refer to as prepaid royalties. In
either case, these royalties are non-refundable payments and are recognized when payment becomes
due, provided no future obligation exists. Prepaid royalties are recognized under our licensing
revenue line and accounted for 16%, 18% and 19% of total revenue in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. Only royalty revenue from customers who are paying as they ship units of chipsets
incorporating our technology is recognized in our royalty revenue line. These per unit royalties
are invoiced and recognized on a quarterly basis in arrears as we receive quarterly shipment
reports from our licensees.
Licensing Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Licensing revenues (in millions) |
|
$ |
23.9 |
|
|
$ |
22.2 |
|
|
$ |
19.5 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7.4 |
)% |
|
|
(12.0 |
)% |
The decrease in licensing revenues from 2006 to 2007 principally reflects lower revenues from
our CEVA-X IP DSP cores, SATA IP and BlueTooth IP, partially offset by growth in our CEVA-Teak DSP
cores. The decrease in licensing revenue from 2005 to 2006 principally reflects lower revenues
from our Oak DSP cores, CEVA-Teak DSP cores, SATA IP and GPS IP (as a result of the divestment of
the GPS activity in June 2006), offset by growth in our CEVA-TeakLite DSP cores.
Licensing revenues accounted for 58.7% of our total revenues in 2007, compared with 68.2% and
67.2% of our total revenues in 2006 and 2005, respectively. In 2007, we signed 36 new license
agreements compared to 38 and 27 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Included in the license
agreements in 2007 were 11 new licenses for our flagship CEVA-X DSP core technology compared to six
and four in 2006 and 2005, respectively.
35
Royalty Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Royalty revenues (in millions) |
|
$ |
6.8 |
|
|
$ |
6.3 |
|
|
$ |
9.1 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7.3 |
)% |
|
|
43.8 |
% |
The increase in royalty revenue from 2006 to 2007 was mainly due to a substantial production
ramp-up by one of our customers in the consumer electronics market, as well as a few of our
reporting customers in the handset market. The decrease in royalty revenue from 2005 to 2006 was
principally due to the phasing out of an older product line and from a lower overall per unit
royalty rate applied in 2006. This decrease in 2006 was slightly offset by higher quantities of
products shipped using our technology. The five largest customers paying per unit royalty
accounted for 67.9% of total royalty revenues in 2007 compared to 75.2% and 72.8% in 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
Both our per unit and prepaid royalty customers reported sales of 227 million chipsets
incorporating our technology in 2007, compared with 190 million in 2006 and 131 million in 2005.
The increase in units shipped in 2007 compared to 2006 and 2006 compared to 2005 reflects increased
unit shipments of our CEVA-TeakLite cores by licensees in the markets for 2/2.5G baseband cellular
phones, set-top boxes, DVD Servo products and disk drive controllers. One new European licensing
customer utilizing our CEVA-X DSP technology was added in 2007, which started to pay quarterly per
unit royalties for products in the 3G handset market.
Other Revenues
Other revenues include support and training for licensees and sale of development systems.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Other revenues (in millions) |
|
$ |
4.9 |
|
|
$ |
4.0 |
|
|
$ |
4.6 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(17.6 |
)% |
|
|
14.8 |
% |
The increase in other revenues in 2007 compared to 2006 principally reflects an increase in
revenues from sales of development systems. The decrease in other revenues in 2006 compared to
2005 principally reflects the completion of a number of support contracts.
Geographic Revenue Analysis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
(in millions, except percentages) |
|
United States |
|
$ |
12.5 |
|
|
|
35.2 |
% |
|
$ |
11.7 |
|
|
|
35.9 |
% |
|
$ |
6.9 |
|
|
|
20.9 |
% |
Europe, Middle East, Africa (EMEA) |
|
$ |
7.9 |
|
|
|
22.1 |
% |
|
$ |
11.7 |
|
|
|
35.9 |
% |
|
$ |
11.5 |
|
|
|
34.6 |
% |
Asia Pacific (APAC) |
|
$ |
15.2 |
|
|
|
42.7 |
% |
|
$ |
9.2 |
|
|
|
28.2 |
% |
|
$ |
14.8 |
|
|
|
44.5 |
% |
Due to the nature of our license agreements and the associated potential large individual
contract amounts, the geographic spilt of revenues both in absolute and percentage terms generally
varies from year to year.
Revenues decreased in absolute and percentage terms in the United States from 2006 to 2007,
primarily reflecting lower revenues from our SATA IP, CEVA-Teaklite DSP cores and CEVA-X DSP cores,
partially offset by an increase in our CEVA-TEAK DSP cores. The slight decrease in revenues in
absolute and percentage terms in the EMEA region primarily reflects lower revenues from
CEVA-Teaklite DSP cores and CEVA-TEAK DSP cores, partially offset by an increase in our CEVA-X DSP
cores. The increase in revenues in absolute and percentage terms in the APAC region primarily
reflects greater revenues from CEVA-TEAK DSP cores and CEVA-Teaklite DSP cores, partially offset by
lower revenues from Bluetooth IP licensing. Revenues increased in absolute and percentage terms in
the EMEA region from 2005 to 2006, primarily reflecting greater CEVA-X and CEVA-Teaklite DSP cores
licensing revenues offset by lower CEVA-Teak DSP cores and GPS IP licensing revenues. The decrease
in revenues in absolute and percentage terms in the United States and the APAC region from 2005 to
2006 primarily reflects lower revenues from our Oak DSP cores, GPS IP, Mediastream and SATA IP,
offset by greater CEVA-TeakLite DSP cores licensing revenues.
36
Cost of Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Cost of revenues (in millions) |
|
$ |
4.2 |
|
|
$ |
4.0 |
|
|
$ |
3.9 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.3 |
)% |
|
|
(4.6 |
)% |
Cost of revenues accounted for 11.6% of total revenues in 2007, compared with 12.4% in 2006
and 11.8% in 2005. The absolute and percentage decrease in cost of revenues in 2007 compared to
2006 principally reflects the shift in revenue mix with an increase in higher gross margin
licensing and royalty revenue. The decrease in cost of revenues in 2006 compared to 2005
principally reflects the shift in revenue mix with an increase in higher gross margin licensing
revenues offset by the non-cash equity-based compensation expenses.
Cost of revenues includes related labor costs and, where applicable, related overhead,
subcontractors, material costs and non-cash equity-based compensation expenses.
Operating Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in millions) |
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Research and development, net |
|
$ |
20.2 |
|
|
$ |
18.8 |
|
|
$ |
19.1 |
|
Sales and marketing |
|
$ |
6.6 |
|
|
$ |
6.2 |
|
|
$ |
6.2 |
|
General and administration |
|
$ |
5.7 |
|
|
$ |
5.9 |
|
|
$ |
5.7 |
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
$ |
0.8 |
|
|
$ |
0.4 |
|
|
$ |
0.2 |
|
Reorganization, restructuring and severance charge |
|
$ |
3.2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Impairment of assets |
|
$ |
0.5 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
$ |
37.0 |
|
|
$ |
31.3 |
|
|
$ |
31.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15.3 |
)% |
|
|
(0.2 |
)% |
The slight decrease in total operating expenses in 2007 compared to 2006 principally reflects
a decrease in investment in design tools as well as lower amortization of intangible assets,
partially offset by higher salary costs and marketing activities. The decrease in total operating
expenses in 2006 compared to 2005 principally reflects no reorganization and impairment charges in
2006, as well as cost saving measures taken as a result of the divestment of our GPS technology and
associated business on June 23, 2006, offset by the non-cash equity-based compensation expenses.
Research and Development Expenses, Net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Research and development expenses, net (in millions) |
|
$ |
20.2 |
|
|
$ |
18.8 |
|
|
$ |
19.1 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6.9 |
)% |
|
|
2.0 |
% |
The slight increase in research and development expenses in 2007 compared with 2006 reflects
higher salaries and related expenses and project-related expenses, as well as higher non-cash
equity-based compensation expenses, partially offset by lower expenses as a result of the
divestment of our GPS technology and associated business on June 23, 2006, which led to a lower
number of research and development personnel and a decrease in investment in design tools. The net
decrease in research and development expenses in 2006 compared with 2005 primarily reflects lower
expenses as a result of the divestment of our GPS technology and associated business which led to a
lower number of research and development personnel, as well as lower sub-contract design costs
primarily in our SATA research and development programs, offset by the non-cash equity-based
compensation expenses in 2006. The average number of research and development personnel in 2007
was 136, compared to 140 in 2006 and 169 in 2005. The number of research and development personnel
was 136 at December 31, 2007, compared with 136 at year-end 2006 and 158 at year-end 2005.
Research and development expenses, net of related government grants, were 57.6% of total
revenues in 2007, compared with 57.7% in 2006 and 56.6% in 2005. We recorded net research grants
under funding programs of the Chief Scientist of Israel and under funding programs of Enterprise
Ireland and Invest Northern Ireland of $319,000 in 2007, compared with $276,000 in 2006 and
$574,000 in 2005. Grants received from the Chief Scientist of Israel may become refundable if
certain revenues are achieved for products developed under those programs, and grants received from
Enterprise Ireland and Invest Northern Ireland may become repayable if certain criteria under the
grants are not met.
37
Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and associated costs connected
with the development of our intellectual property which are expensed as incurred, and non-cash
equity-based compensation expenses. Research and development expenses are net of related
government research grants. We view research and development as a principal strategic investment
and have continued our commitment to invest heavily in this area, which represents the largest of
our ongoing operating expenses. We will need to continue to invest in research and development and
such expenses may increase in the future to keep pace with new trends in our industry.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Sales and marketing expenses (in millions) |
|
$ |
6.6 |
|
|
$ |
6.2 |
|
|
$ |
6.2 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.7 |
)% |
|
|
(0.2 |
)% |
The slight decrease in sales and marketing expenses in 2007 compared to 2006 principally
reflects lower salary costs as well as lower non-cash stock compensation expense, partially offset
by an increase in marketing and trade shows activities. The decrease in sales and marketing
expenses in 2006 compared to 2005 principally reflects lower labor costs due to a change in
headcount mix and lower sales commission due to lower revenues in 2006, offsets by non-cash
equity-based compensation expenses.
Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues were 18.8% in 2007, compared
with 19.3% in 2006 and 18.5% in 2005. The total number of sales and marketing personnel was 19 at
year-end 2007, compared with 20 at year-end 2006 and year-end 2005. Sales and marketing expenses
consist primarily of salaries, commissions, travel and other costs associated with sales and
marketing activities, as well as advertising, trade show participation, public relations and other
marketing costs and non-cash equity-based compensation expenses.
General and Administrative Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
General and administrative expenses (in millions) |
|
$ |
5.7 |
|
|
$ |
5.9 |
|
|
$ |
5.7 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.4 |
% |
|
|
(2.7 |
)% |
The slight decrease in general and administrative expenses in 2007 compared to 2006
principally reflects lower director fee as well as lower rent and non-cash equity-based
compensation expenses, partially offset by an increase in salary costs and bad debt expenses. The
increase in general and administrative expenses in 2006 compared with 2005 primarily reflects
non-cash equity-based compensation expenses, offset by a combination of lower corporate management,
overhead, professional services costs and facility costs. The total number of general and
administrative personnel was 25 at December 31, 2007, compared with 27 at year-end 2006 and 31 at
year-end 2005. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of fees for directors,
salaries for management and administrative employees, accounting and legal fees, expenses related
to investor relations and facilities expenses associated with general and administrative activities
and non-cash equity-based compensation expenses.
Amortization of Other Intangible Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Amortization of other intangible assets (in millions) |
|
$ |
0.8 |
|
|
$ |
0.4 |
|
|
$ |
0.2 |
|
Change year-on-year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(49.7 |
)% |
|
|
(64.3 |
)% |
The charges identified above were incurred in connection with the amortization of intangible
assets acquired in the combination with Parthus in 2002. The decrease in amortization of other
intangible assets in both 2007 compared with 2006 and 2006 compared with 2005 was mainly due to a
decrease in the amount of other intangible assets, net of $0.85 million, as a result of the
divestment of our GPS technology and associated business to GloNav. As of December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005, the net amount of other intangible assets was $0.1 million, $0.2 million and $1.5
million, respectively.
38
Reorganization, Restructuring and Severance Charge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Reorganization, restructuring and severance charge (in millions) |
|
$ |
3.2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
We implemented reorganization and restructuring plans in 2005, which resulted in a total
charge of $3.2 million. The charge arose in connection with our decision to restructure our
corporate management, reduce overhead and consolidate our activities. The charges included
severance charges and employee-related liabilities arising in connection with a head-count
reduction of employees and a provision for future operating lease charges on idle facilities, one
of which was our facilities in Dublin, Ireland, known as the Harcourt lease. The Harcourt lease
provided for an aggregate annual rental of approximately $1.3 million and expired in 2021. Of the
total charge of $3.2 million in 2005, the portion of the restructuring reserve related to the
Harcourt lease was 1.7 million. With respect to assessing the charges for under-utilized leased
properties, we are required to make and review certain estimates and assumptions on a quarterly
basis. In determining such estimates and assumptions, management takes into account current market
conditions and our ability to either exit a particular under-utilized lease property or sub-let the
property, all in accordance with SFAS No. 146. If an exit strategy in respect of a leased property
is appropriate, the under-utilized building operating lease charge is calculated taking into
consideration the surrender value given the underlying market conditions. Otherwise, the
under-utilized building operating lease charge is calculated on a sub-let basis by taking into
consideration (1) the committed annual rental charge associated with the vacant square footage, (2)
an assessment of the sublet rents that could be achieved based on current market conditions,
vacancy rates and future outlook, (3) the estimated periods that facilities would be empty before
being sublet, (4) an assessment of the percentage increases in the primary lease rent and the
sublease rent at each five-year rent review, and (5) the application of a discount rate over the
remaining period of the lease based on projected interest rates.
Throughout 2006, we continued exit negotiations with the Harcourt landlord to terminate the
lease, which negotiations commenced in September 2005. At December 31, 2005, the provision for
this under-utilized property was $3.0 million (including legal and professional fees). At December
31, 2006, exit negotiations regarding the Harcourt lease had not concluded. There was no
additional restructuring charge to the statement of operations relating to the Harcourt lease
during 2006 (approximately $760,000 was accrued as expenses under
other liabilities, of which approximately $270,000 was paid in 2006). In July
2007, the Harcourt landlord initiated legal proceedings against us for full payment of rent for the
period from July 2006 to September 2007, including interest on arrears. We paid an amount equal to
approximately $1.5 million (of which approximately $0.8 million was included in accrued expenses
under restructuring and approximately $0.7 million was included in accrued expenses under other
liabilities) representing the full rent payments for the said period and various associated legal
fees, as well as payment of late interest charges in the amount of approximately $0.2 million.
Subsequently, the legal proceedings against us were dropped. During the third quarter of 2007, we
re-initiated exit negotiations with the Harcourt landlord. At December 31, 2007, we concluded that
we had no assurance whether, and if so when, the exit negotiations would result in a lease
termination. Pursuant to a sublet strategy in accordance with SFAS No. 146, as of December 31,
2007, the portion of the restructuring reserve related to the Harcourt lease was $2.2 million.
There was no additional restructuring charge to the statement of operations relating to the
Harcourt lease during 2007 (approximately $0.2 million was accrued as expenses under other
liabilities).
On January 18, 2008, we signed an assignment agreement with the Harcourt landlord for the
surrender and termination of the Harcourt lease. We paid approximately $5.7 million to the
landlord for the termination. This amount will be recorded as cash outflow in the first quarter of
2008. As a result of the lease termination, we will record an additional restructuring charge
accordingly in the first quarter of 2008.
As of December 31, 2007, $143,000 of the restructuring reserve were related to another unused
space in Ireland for the period until March 2010.
Impairment of Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Impairment of assets (in millions) |
|
$ |
0.5 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
We recorded an impairment charge of $0.4 million in the second quarter of 2005 in respect of
certain technology acquired in the combination with Parthus as we decided to cease the development
of this product line due to the minimal differentiation between competing solutions. We also
recorded an impairment charge of $0.1 million in the same period relating to non-performing assets
following the implementation of our reorganization restructuring plan in 2005.
39
Financial Income, net and Other Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Financial income, net (in millions) |
|
$ |
1.82 |
|
|
$ |
2.62 |
|
|
$ |
3.21 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of which: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income and gains from marketable securities (in millions) |
|
$ |
1.71 |
|
|
$ |
2.77 |
|
|
$ |
3.17 |
|
Foreign exchange gain (loss) (in millions) |
|
$ |
0.11 |
|
|
$ |
(0.15 |
) |
|
$ |
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on realization of investment (in millions) |
|
$ |
1.51 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
0.43 |
|
Financial income, net and other income, consist of interest earned on investments, gains from
marketable securities, foreign exchange movements and gains on realization of investments. The
increase in interest and gains from marketable securities earned both in 2007 from 2006 and in 2006
from 2005 reflects a combination of a higher interest rate environment and higher combined cash and
marketable securities balances held.
We review our monthly expected non-U.S. dollar denominated expenditures and look to hold
equivalent non-U.S. dollar cash balances to mitigate currency fluctuations. This has resulted in a
foreign exchange gain of $0.04 million in 2007, a foreign exchange loss of $0.15 million in 2006,
and a foreign exchange gain of $0.11 million in 2005.
We recorded a gain of $0.43, $0.06 and $1.51 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively,
from the realization of a minority investment in a private company acquired in the combination with
Parthus. In December 2003, we had fully written down the carrying value of the investment, having
assessed the carrying value of the investment taking into consideration the potential discounted
projected future cash flows, the valuation derived from the then proposed private placement, the
liquidity of the investment and the general market conditions in which this private company
operated at that time.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes in 2007 reflects income earned domestically and in certain
foreign jurisdictions. In 2007, we also recorded tax expenses of $0.1 million related to a gain
from disposal of an investment and $0.2 million related to interest income earned in Ireland, which
is subject to a tax rate of 25%. In 2006, we recorded a tax income of $0.1 million mainly due to
the release of a certain tax provision as a result of a re-calculation of the provision for income
taxes based on approvals received during the year from a certain tax authority in a foreign
jurisdiction, offset by tax expenses on income earned domestically and in certain foreign
jurisdictions. We had no provision for income taxes in 2005, primarily due to losses incurred
domestically and in certain foreign jurisdictions. We have significant operations in Israel and
the Republic of Ireland and a substantial portion of our taxable income is generated there.
Currently, our Israeli and Irish subsidiaries are taxed at rates substantially lower than U.S. tax
rates.
The Irish operating subsidiary currently qualifies for a 10 percent tax rate on its trade,
which under current legislation will remain in force until December 31, 2010. The Israeli
operating subsidiarys production facilities have been granted Approved Enterprise status under
Israeli law in connection with seven separate investment plans. Accordingly, income from an
Approved Enterprise is tax-exempt for a period of two or four years and is subject to a reduced
corporate tax rate of 10 percent to 25 percent (based on percentage of foreign ownership) for an
additional period of six or eight years. The tax benefit under the first plan has expired and is
subject to corporate tax of 29% in 2007. Certain expenditures pursuant to Israeli law are
permitted to be recognized as a tax deduction over a three year period which has resulted in higher
deferred tax asset in 2007.
40
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As of December 31, 2007, we had approximately $40.7 million in cash and cash equivalents and
$35.7 million in deposits and marketable securities, totaling $76.4 million compared to $64.2
million at December 31, 2006. During 2007, we invested $45.0 million of our cash in certificates
of deposits and corporate bonds and securities and U.S. government and agency securities with
maturities up to 32 months. In addition, certificates of deposits and corporate bonds and
securities and U.S. government and agency securities were sold or redeemed for cash amounting to
$35.8 million. During 2006, we invested $30.9 million of our cash in
certificates of deposits, corporate bonds and securities and U.S. government and agency
securities with maturities up to 25 months. In addition, certificates of deposits and corporate
bonds and securities and U.S. government and agency securities were sold or redeemed for cash
amounting to $25.8 million. Corporate bonds and securities and U.S. government and agency
securities instruments are classified as marketable securities. The purchase and sale or
redemption of trading marketable securities are considered part of operating cash flow, whereas the
purchase and sale or redemption of available-for-sale marketable securities are considered part of
investing cash flow. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 115
Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, available-for-sale securities
are stated at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of stockholders equity, net of taxes. Realized
gains and losses on sales of investments, as determined on a specific identification basis, are
included in the consolidated statements of operations. Trading securities are held for resale in
anticipation of short-term market movements. Under SFAS No. 115, marketable securities classified
as trading securities are stated at the quoted market prices at each balance sheet date. Gains and
losses (realized and unrealized) related to trading securities, as well as interest on such
securities, are included as financial income or expenses as appropriate. Deposits are short-term
bank deposits with maturities of more than three months but less than one year. The deposits are
in U.S. dollars and are presented at their cost, including accrued interest, and purchases and
sales are considered part of cash flows from investing activities.
Net cash provided by operating activities in 2007 was $28.2 million, compared with $3.4
million of net cash used in operating activities in 2006 and $12.7 million of net cash provided by
operating activities in 2005. Included in the operating cash inflow in 2007 was a disposal of
$21.3 million in marketable securities. Included in the operating cash outflow in 2006 was a net
investment of $5.1 million in marketable securities. Included in the operating cash inflow in 2005
was a net disposal of $12.6 million in marketable securities and a $2.9 million outflow in
connection with restructuring and reorganization costs.
Cash flows from operating activities may vary significantly from quarter to quarter depending
on the timing of our receipts and payments. Throughout 2006 and 2007, we continued exit
negotiations with the Harcourt landlord to terminate the lease, which negotiations commenced in
September 2005. In July 2007, the Harcourt landlord initiated legal proceedings against us for
full payment of rent for the period from July 2006 to September 2007, including interest on
arrears. We paid an amount equal to approximately $1.5 million (of which approximately $0.8
million was included in accrued expenses under restructuring and approximately $0.7 million was
included in accrued expenses under other liabilities) representing the full rent payments for the
said period and various associated legal fees, as well as payment of late interest charges in the
amount of approximately $0.2 million. Subsequently, the legal proceedings against us were dropped.
At December 31, 2007, we concluded that we had no assurance whether, and if so when, the exit
negotiations would result in a lease termination. On January 18, 2008, we signed an assignment
agreement with the landlord for the surrender and termination of the Harcourt lease. We paid
approximately $5.7 million to the landlord for the termination. This amount will be recorded as
cash out flow in the first quarter of 2008. As a result of the lease termination, we will record
an additional restructuring charge accordingly in the first quarter of 2008.
Our ongoing cash outflows from operating activities principally relate to payroll-related
costs and obligations under our property leases and design tool licenses. Our primary sources of
cash inflows are receipts from our accounts receivable and interest earned from our cash and
marketable securities holdings. The timing of receipts of accounts receivable from customers is
based upon the completion of agreed milestones or agreed dates as set out in the contracts.
Net cash used in investing activities in 2007 was $30.9 million, compared with $3.9 million of
net cash provided by investing activities in 2006 and $7.7 million of net cash used in investing
activities in 2005. We had a cash outflow of $40.0 million and a cash inflow of $13.5 million in
respect of investments in marketable securities during 2007. Included in the investment cash
outflow in 2007 was a net disposal of $4.0 in short term bank deposit. Included in the investment
cash inflow in 2006 was a net disposal of $5.2 million in short term bank deposit. Included in the
investment cash outflow in 2005 was an investment of $8.2 million in short term bank deposit.
Capital equipment purchases of computer hardware and software used in engineering development,
furniture and fixtures amounted to approximately $0.8 million in 2007, $0.4 million in 2006 and
$0.9 million in 2005. The main increase in capital expenditures in 2007 was associated with tester
equipment for the SATA product line. Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment amounted to
$8,000 in 2007 compared with $0 in 2006 and $14,000 in 2005. We had a cash outflow of $39,000 and
$0.9 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively, in respect of transaction-related costs associated
with the divestment of our GPS technology and associated business to GloNav. We had a cash outflow
$153,000 for acquired technology in 2005 and a cash inflow of $0.4 million, $57,000 and $1.5
million from the disposal of a minority investment in a private company in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
Net cash provided by financing activities of $4.8 in 2007 and $1.8 million in both 2006 and
2005 reflects proceeds from the issuance of shares upon exercise of employee stock options and
issuance of shares under our employee stock purchase plan.
41
We believe that our current cash on hand and marketable securities, along with cash from
operations, will provide sufficient capital to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.
We cannot assure you, however, that the underlying assumed levels of revenues and expenses will
prove to be accurate.
Contractual Obligations
The table below presents the principal categories of our contractual obligations as of
December 31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments Due by Period |
|
|
|
($ in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More than |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
1 year |
|
|
1-3 years |
|
|
3-5 years |
|
|
5 years |
|
Operating Lease Obligations Leasehold properties (*) |
|
|
21,351 |
|
|
|
2,545 |
|
|
|
4,318 |
|
|
|
2,823 |
|
|
|
11,665 |
|
Operating Lease Obligations Other |
|
|
1,461 |
|
|
|
999 |
|
|
|
462 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Obligations |
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Severance
Pay (**) |
|
|
3,141 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
26,138 |
|
|
|
3,729 |
|
|
|
4,780 |
|
|
|
2,823 |
|
|
|
11,665 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leasehold obligations principally relate to our offices in Ireland, Israel and the
United States. As of December 31, 2007, the most material of those obligations related to the
lease on our Harcourt Street offices in Dublin, which provided for an aggregate annual rental of
approximately $1.3 million and expired in 2021. As of December 31, 2007, a portion of our Harcourt
Street offices was under-utilized as a result of the re-alignment of our business and related
headcount reductions in 2003 and other previous reorganization and restructuring plans. Other
operating lease obligations relate to license agreements entered into for maintenance of design
tools. Purchase obligations consist of capital and operating purchase order commitments.
On January 18, 2008, we made a payment of approximately $5.7 million to surrender and
terminate the Harcourt lease. This amount will be recorded as cash outflow in the first quarter of
2008.
|
|
|
(*) |
|
Total operating lease obligations for leasehold properties, excluding the Harcourt Street
property post the lease termination, would be approximately $3.1 million.
|
|
|
|
(**) |
|
Severance pay relates to accrued severance obligations to our
Israeli employees as required under Israeli labor law. These
obligations are payable only upon termination, retirement or death of
the respective employee. Of this amount, only $50,000 is unfunded.
|
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as such term is defined in recently enacted
rules by the Securities and Exchange Commission, that have or are reasonably likely to have a
current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or
expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are
material to investors.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
A majority of our revenues and a portion of our expenses are transacted in U.S. dollars and
our assets and liabilities together with our cash holdings are predominately denominated in U.S.
dollars. However, the bulk of our expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U.S.
dollar, principally the Euro and the Israeli NIS. Increases in the volatility of the exchange
rates of the Euro and the NIS versus the U.S. dollar could have an adverse effect on the expenses
and liabilities that we incur when remeasured into U.S. dollars. We review our monthly expected
non-U.S. dollar denominated expenditures and look to hold equivalent non-U.S. dollar cash balances
to mitigate currency fluctuations and this has resulted in a foreign exchange gain of $38,000 in
2007, a foreign exchange loss of $150,000 in 2006 and a foreign exchange gain of $109,000 in 2005.
As a result of currency fluctuations and the remeasurement of non-U.S. dollar denominated
expenditures to U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes, we may experience fluctuations in
our operating results on an annual and quarterly basis going forward. To protect against the
increase in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flow resulting from salaries paid in Israeli
NIS and Euro during the year, we instituted in the second quarter of 2007, a foreign currency cash
flow hedging program. We hedge portions of the anticipated payroll for our Israeli employees
denominated in NIS for a period of one to twelve months with forward contracts. As of December 31,
2007, we recorded comprehensive income of $65,000 from our forward contracts in respect to
anticipated payroll for our Israeli employees expected in 2008. Such amounts will be recorded in
earnings in 2008. We recognized a net gain of $170,000 during the year ended December 31, 2007,
related to forward contracts. However, hedging transactions may not successfully mitigate losses
caused by currency fluctuations. We expect to continue to experience the effect of exchange rate
and currency fluctuations on
an annual and quarterly basis. We believe the devaluation of the U.S. dollar as compared to
the NIS and Euro will result in an increase in overall expense increase in 2008.
42
We invest our cash in high grade certificates of deposits, U.S. government and agency
securities and corporate bonds. Cash held by foreign subsidiaries is generally held in short-term
time deposits denominated in the local currency.
Interest income and gains from marketable securities were $3.2 million in 2007, $2.8 million
in 2006 and $1.7 million in 2005. The increase in interest and gains from marketable securities
earned in 2007 from 2006 and in 2006 from 2005 reflects a combination of a higher interest rate
environment and higher combined cash and marketable securities balances held.
We are exposed primarily to fluctuations in the level of U.S. and EMU (European Monetary
Union) interest rates. To the extent that interest rates rise, fixed interest investments may be
adversely impacted, whereas a decline in interest rates may decrease the anticipated interest
income for variable rate investments.
We are exposed to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates. We typically
do not attempt to reduce or eliminate our market exposures on our investment securities because the
majority of our investments are short-term. We currently do not have any derivative instruments
but may have in the future.
The fair value of our investment portfolio or related income would not be significantly
impacted by either a 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates due mainly to the
short-term nature of our investment portfolio. All the potential changes noted above are based on
sensitivity analysis performed on our balances as of December 31, 2007.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
See the Index to Financial Statements and Supplementary Data on page F-1.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not Applicable.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the
supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based
on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our
disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during
our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially
affect our internal control over financial reporting.
Managements Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
CEVA, Inc.s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over the companys financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. CEVA, Inc.s internal control over financial reporting is
designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any internal
control, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of controls.
Accordingly, even effective internal controls can provide only reasonable assurances with respect
to financial statement preparation. Further because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of
internal controls may vary over time such that the degree of compliance with the policies or
procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of CEVA, Inc.s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2007. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set
forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal
Control-Integrated Framework. Based on its assessment using those criteria, management believes
that, as of December 31, 2007, CEVA, Inc.s internal control over financial reporting is effective.
43
CEVA, Inc.s independent registered public accountants audited the financial statements
included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and have issued a report on managements assessment of
the companys internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
44
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information regarding our directors required by this item is incorporated herein by
reference to the 2008 Proxy Statement. Information regarding the members of the Audit Committee,
our code of business conduct and ethics, the identification of the Audit Committee Financial
Expert, stockholder nominations of directors and compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 is also incorporated herein by reference to the 2008 Proxy Statement.
The information regarding our executive officers required by this item is contained in Part I
of this annual report.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the 2008 Proxy
Statement.
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|
|
ITEM 12. |
|
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCK HOLDER
MATTERS |
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the 2008 Proxy
Statement.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the 2008 Proxy
Statement.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the 2008 Proxy
Statement.
45
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) The following documents are filed as part of or are included in this Annual Report on Form
10-K:
1. Financial Statements:
|
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006. |
|
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005. |
|
|
|
Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity for the Years Ended December 31,
2007, 2006 and 2005. |
|
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005. |
|
|
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
2. Financial Statement Schedules:
|
|
|
Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts |
Other financial statement schedules have been omitted since they are either not required or
the information is otherwise included.
3. Exhibits:
The exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are listed on the exhibit index
immediately preceding such exhibits, which exhibit index is incorporated herein by reference. Some
of these documents have previously been filed as exhibits with the Securities and Exchange
Commission and are being incorporated herein by reference to such earlier filings. CEVAs file
number under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is 000-49842.
46
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2007
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Page |
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F-2 |
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F-4 |
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|
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F-5 |
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F-6 |
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F-7 |
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F-9 |
|
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of CEVA, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CEVA, Inc. (the Company) and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of
operations, changes in stockholders equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2007. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed
in the Index at Item 15(a)2. These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the
Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial
statements and schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An
audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statements
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material
respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and subsidiaries at December 31, 2007
and 2006, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when
considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all
material respects the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Note 1(s) to the consolidated financial statements, in 2006, the Company adopted
Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 123R, Share-Based Payment.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the Companys internal control over financial reporting as
of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March
14, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER
A Member of Ernst & Young Global
Tel-Aviv, Israel
March 14, 2008
F-2
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of CEVA, Inc.
We
have audited CEVA, Inc.s internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). CEVA
Inc.s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over
financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting included in the accompanying Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial
Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the companys internal control over
financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk,
and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and
procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately
and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and
directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have
a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent
or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or
that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, CEVA, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of CEVA, Inc. and subsidiaries as
of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in
stockholders equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
2007 of CEVA, Inc. and our report dated March 14, 2008 expressed an unqualified
opinion thereon.
/s/ Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER
A Member of Ernst & Young Global
Tel-Aviv, Israel
March 14, 2008
F-3
CEVA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
37,968 |
|
|
$ |
40,697 |
|
Short term bank deposits |
|
|
3,029 |
|
|
|
7,130 |
|
Marketable securities (Note 2) |
|
|
23,237 |
|
|
|
28,548 |
|
Trade receivables (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $682 in 2006 and $868 in 2007) |
|
|
8,421 |
|
|
|
2,502 |
|
Deferred tax assets (Note 11) |
|
|
613 |
|
|
|
861 |
|
Prepaid expenses (Note 6) |
|
|
564 |
|
|
|
904 |
|
Investment in other company, net (Note 4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,233 |
|
Other accounts receivable (Note 6) |
|
|
1,890 |
|
|
|
2,391 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
75,722 |
|
|
|
87,266 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Severance pay fund |
|
|
2,338 |
|
|
|
3,091 |
|
Deferred tax assets (Note 11) |
|
|
382 |
|
|
|
455 |
|
Property and equipment, net (Note 3) |
|
|
1,706 |
|
|
|
1,626 |
|
Investment in other company, net (Note 4) |
|
|
4,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill (Note 5) |
|
|
36,498 |
|
|
|
36,498 |
|
Other intangible assets, net (Note 5) |
|
|
201 |
|
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total long term assets |
|
|
45,358 |
|
|
|
41,723 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
121,080 |
|
|
$ |
128,989 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade payables |
|
$ |
718 |
|
|
$ |
455 |
|
Accrued expenses and other payables (Note 7) |
|
|
9,462 |
|
|
|
8,452 |
|
Taxes payable |
|
|
135 |
|
|
|
320 |
|
Deferred revenues |
|
|
406 |
|
|
|
727 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
10,721 |
|
|
|
9,954 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long term liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued severance pay |
|
|
2,519 |
|
|
|
3,141 |
|
Accrued liabilities (Note 12) |
|
|
1,697 |
|
|
|
1,506 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total long term liabilities |
|
|
4,216 |
|
|
|
4,647 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments and contingencies liabilities (Note 14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred Stock: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.001 par value: 5,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2006 and 2007; none
issued and outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.001 par
value: 60,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2006, and
2007; 19,330,144 and 20,033,897 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
Additional paid in capital |
|
|
142,826 |
|
|
|
149,772 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(36,702 |
) |
|
|
(35,411 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
106,143 |
|
|
|
114,388 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
121,080 |
|
|
$ |
128,989 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-4
CEVA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licensing |
|
$ |
23,935 |
|
|
$ |
22,160 |
|
|
$ |
19,499 |
|
Royalties |
|
|
6,820 |
|
|
|
6,324 |
|
|
|
9,095 |
|
Other revenues |
|
|
4,881 |
|
|
|
4,021 |
|
|
|
4,617 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
35,636 |
|
|
|
32,505 |
|
|
|
33,211 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenues |
|
|
4,217 |
|
|
|
4,035 |
|
|
|
3,851 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
|
31,419 |
|
|
|
28,470 |
|
|
|
29,360 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net |
|
|
20,153 |
|
|
|
18,769 |
|
|
|
19,136 |
|
Sales and marketing |
|
|
6,577 |
|
|
|
6,268 |
|
|
|
6,253 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
5,742 |
|
|
|
5,882 |
|
|
|
5,721 |
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
823 |
|
|
|
414 |
|
|
|
148 |
|
Reorganization, restructuring and severance charge (Note 12) |
|
|
3,207 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impairment of assets |
|
|
510 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
37,012 |
|
|
|
31,333 |
|
|
|
31,258 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating loss |
|
|
(5,593 |
) |
|
|
(2,863 |
) |
|
|
(1,898 |
) |
Financial income, net (Note 10) |
|
|
1,820 |
|
|
|
2,620 |
|
|
|
3,211 |
|
Other income (Note 10) |
|
|
1,507 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
425 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before taxes on income |
|
|
(2,266 |
) |
|
|
(186 |
) |
|
|
1,738 |
|
Income taxes expense (income) (Note 11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(88 |
) |
|
|
447 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(2,266 |
) |
|
$ |
(98 |
) |
|
$ |
1,291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(0.12 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(0.12 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock used in
computation of net income (loss) per share (in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
18,807 |
|
|
|
19,191 |
|
|
|
19,606 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted |
|
|
18,807 |
|
|
|
19,191 |
|
|
|
20,150 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-5
CEVA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
|
paid-in |
|
|
comprehensive |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
stockholders |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
capital |
|
|
income (loss) |
|
|
deficit |
|
|
equity |
|
Balance as of January 1, 2005 |
|
|
18,557,818 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
136,868 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(34,338 |
) |
|
$ |
102,549 |
|
Issuance of Common Stock upon
exercise of employee stock
options (a) |
|
|
72,820 |
|
|
|
(* |
) |
|
|
369 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
369 |
|
Issuance of Common Stock under
employee stock purchase plan (a) |
|
|
292,433 |
|
|
|
(* |
) |
|
|
1,386 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,386 |
|
Equity-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
195 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
195 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,266 |
) |
|
|
(2,266 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2005 |
|
|
18,923,071 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
138,818 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(36,604 |
) |
|
$ |
102,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of Common Stock upon
exercise of employee stock
options (a) |
|
|
86,536 |
|
|
|
(* |
) |
|
|
430 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
430 |
|
Issuance of Common Stock under
employee stock purchase plan (a) |
|
|
320,537 |
|
|
|
(* |
) |
|
|
1,374 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,374 |
|
Equity-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,204 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,204 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(98 |
) |
|
|
(98 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2006 |
|
|
19,330,144 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
142,826 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(36,702 |
) |
|
$ |
106,143 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of Common Stock upon
exercise of employee stock
options (a) |
|
|
498,043 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
3,918 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,919 |
|
Issuance of Common Stock under
employee stock purchase
plan (a) |
|
|
205,710 |
|
|
|
(* |
) |
|
|
897 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
897 |
|
Equity-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,131 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,131 |
|
Unrealized loss from
available-for-sale securities,
net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(58 |
) |
Unrealized gain from hedging
activities, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
65 |
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,291 |
|
|
|
1,291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2007 |
|
|
20,033,897 |
|
|
$ |
20 |
|
|
$ |
149,772 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
$ |
(35,411 |
) |
|
$ |
114,388 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) |
|
Represent an amount lower than $ 1. |
|
(a) |
|
See Note 8 to these consolidated financial statements. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-6
CEVA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Cash flows from operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(2,266 |
) |
|
$ |
(98 |
) |
|
$ |
1,291 |
|
Adjustments
required to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
(used in) operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation |
|
|
2,016 |
|
|
|
1,422 |
|
|
|
882 |
|
Impairment of assets |
|
|
510 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
823 |
|
|
|
414 |
|
|
|
148 |
|
Equity-based compensation |
|
|
195 |
|
|
|
2,204 |
|
|
|
2,131 |
|
Gain from sale of property and equipment |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
Loss (gain) on marketable securities |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
(159 |
) |
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain) |
|
|
(109 |
) |
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
(40 |
) |
Accrued interest on short term bank deposits |
|
|
(131 |
) |
|
|
102 |
|
|
|
(127 |
) |
Gain on realization of investment |
|
|
(1,507 |
) |
|
|
(57 |
) |
|
|
(425 |
) |
Trading marketable securities, net |
|
|
12,604 |
|
|
|
(5,115 |
) |
|
|
21,312 |
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease (increase) in trade receivables |
|
|
4,526 |
|
|
|
(2,262 |
) |
|
|
5,919 |
|
Increase in other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses |
|
|
(806 |
) |
|
|
(332 |
) |
|
|
(712 |
) |
Increase in deferred tax assets |
|
|
(697 |
) |
|
|
(103 |
) |
|
|
(321 |
) |
Increase (decrease) in trade payables |
|
|
(1,052 |
) |
|
|
145 |
|
|
|
(283 |
) |
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenues |
|
|
(1,298 |
) |
|
|
(47 |
) |
|
|
321 |
|
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other payables |
|
|
142 |
|
|
|
582 |
|
|
|
(1,735 |
) |
Increase (decrease) in taxes payable |
|
|
(265 |
) |
|
|
(307 |
) |
|
|
185 |
|
Increase (decrease) in accrued severance pay, net |
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
(151 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
|
|
12,744 |
|
|
|
(3,371 |
) |
|
|
28,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of property and equipment |
|
|
(908 |
) |
|
|
(424 |
) |
|
|
(807 |
) |
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
Investment in short term bank deposits |
|
|
(8,204 |
) |
|
|
(3,930 |
) |
|
|
(5,000 |
) |
Proceeds from short term bank deposits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,134 |
|
|
|
1,026 |
|
Investment in available-for-sale marketable securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(39,990 |
) |
Proceeds from available-for-sale marketable securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,468 |
|
Transaction cost related to the GPS divestment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(927 |
) |
|
|
(39 |
) |
Proceeds from realization of investment |
|
|
1,507 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
425 |
|
Purchase of technology |
|
|
(153 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
|
|
(7,744 |
) |
|
|
3,910 |
|
|
|
(30,909 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock upon exercise of employee stock options |
|
|
369 |
|
|
|
430 |
|
|
|
3,919 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock under employee stock purchase plan |
|
|
1,386 |
|
|
|
1,374 |
|
|
|
897 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
1,755 |
|
|
|
1,804 |
|
|
|
4,816 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of exchange rate movements on cash |
|
|
(488 |
) |
|
|
514 |
|
|
|
589 |
|
Increase in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
6,267 |
|
|
|
2,857 |
|
|
|
2,729 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year |
|
|
28,844 |
|
|
|
35,111 |
|
|
|
37,968 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year |
|
$ |
35,111 |
|
|
$ |
37,968 |
|
|
$ |
40,697 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-7
CEVA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Supplemental information of cash-flows activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid during the year for: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income and withholding taxes, net |
|
$ |
1,383 |
|
|
$ |
652 |
|
|
$ |
889 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-cash transactions (see Note 4): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,900 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Intangible asset |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(845 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net working capital |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(522 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Transaction cost related to the GPS divestment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(39 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Deferred gain related to GPS divestment transaction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,751 |
) |
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-8
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
NOTE 1: ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Organization:
CEVA, Inc. (CEVA or the Company) was incorporated in Delaware on November 22, 1999. The
Company was formed through the combination of Parthus Technologies plc (Parthus) and the digital
signal processor (DSP) cores licensing business and operations of DSP Group, Inc. (DSPG) in
November 2002. The Company had no business or operations prior to the combination.
CEVA licenses a family of programmable DSP cores, DSP-based subsystems and
application-specific platforms, including video, audio, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP),
Bluetooth, and Serial ATA (SATA).
CEVAs technology is licensed to leading electronics companies in the form of intellectual
property (IP), which manufacture, market and sell application-specific integrated circuits
(ASICs) and application-specific standard products (ASSPs) based on CEVA technology to original
equipment manufacturer (OEM) companies for incorporation into a wide variety of end products.
Cevas IP is primarily deployed in high volume markets, including handsets (e.g. cellular baseband,
ultra-low-cost phones, multimedia phones, smart phones and Bluetooth), portable multimedia (e.g.
portable video players, MobileTVs, personal navigation devices and MP3/MP4 players), home
entertainment (e.g. DVD/HD DVD/Blu-ray players, game consoles, set-top boxes and Digital TVs),
storage (e.g. hard disk drives and Solid Storage Devices (SSD)) and telecommunication devices (e.g.
residential gateways, femto cells, VoIP phones and network infrastructure).
a. Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared according to United States Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP).
b. Use of estimates:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts
reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from
those estimates.
c. Financial statements in U.S. dollars:
A majority of the revenue of the Company and its subsidiaries is generated in U.S. dollars
(dollars). In addition, a portion of the Company and its subsidiaries costs are incurred in
dollars. The Companys management has determined that the dollar is the primary currency of the
economic environment in which the Company and its subsidiaries principally operate. Thus, the
functional and reporting currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the dollar.
Accordingly, monetary accounts maintained in currencies other than the dollar are remeasured
into dollars in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 52, Foreign
Currency Translation. All transaction gains and losses from remeasurement of monetary balance
sheet items are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations as financial income or
expenses as appropriate, which is included in Financial income, net. The Company recorded a
foreign exchange gain of $109 in 2005, a foreign exchange loss of $150 in 2006 and a foreign
exchange gain of $38 in 2007. The foreign exchange gains and losses arose principally on Euro and
Israeli NIS liabilities as a result of the currency fluctuations of the Euro and the NIS against
the dollar. The Company reviews its monthly expected non U.S. denominated expenditures and looks
to hold equivalent non-dollar cash balances to mitigate currency fluctuations, and this approach
has resulted in a lower impact of exchange rate conversion fluctuations in the said years.
d. Principles of consolidation:
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and
all of its subsidiaries. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been
eliminated on consolidation.
F-9
CEVA, INC.
NOTES
TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
e. Cash equivalents:
Cash equivalents are short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash
with maturities of three months or less from the date acquired.
f. Short term bank deposits:
Short-term bank deposits are with maturities of more than three months from deposit day but
less than one year. The deposits are in dollars and are presented at their cost, including accrued
interest. The deposits bear interest at an average rate of 4.42% and 5.12% annually during 2006
and 2007, respectively.
g. Marketable securities:
Marketable securities consist of corporate bonds and securities and U.S. government and agency
securities. The Company accounts for investments in debt and equity securities in accordance with
Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities (SFAS 115). Management determines the appropriate classification of its investments
in debt and equity securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such determination at each
balance sheet date. Available-for-sale securities are stated at fair value, with unrealized gains
and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of
stockholders equity, net of taxes. Realized gains and losses on sales of investments, as
determined on a specific identification basis, are included in the consolidated statements of
operations. Trading securities are held for resale in anticipation of short-term market movements.
Under SFAS No. 115, marketable securities classified as trading securities are stated at the
quoted market prices at each balance sheet date. Gains and losses (realized and unrealized)
related to trading securities, as well as interest on such securities, are included as financial
income or expenses, as appropriate.
FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. 115-1/124-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
and Its Application to Certain Investments (FSP 115-1/124-1) provides guidance for determining
when an investment is considered impaired, whether impairment is other-than-temporary, and
measurement of an impairment loss. An investment is considered impaired if the fair value of the
investment is less than its cost. If, after consideration of all available evidence to evaluate
the realizable value of its investment, impairment is determined to be other-than-temporary, then
an impairment loss should be recognized equal to the difference between the investments cost and
its fair value. FSP 115-1/124-1 nullifies certain provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force
(EITF) Issue No. 03-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to
Certain Investments (EITF 03-1) while retaining the disclosure requirements of EITF 03-1 which
the Company adopted in 2003.
h. Property and equipment, net:
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is
calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, at the
following annual rates:
|
|
|
|
|
% |
Computers, software and equipment |
|
15-33 |
Office furniture and equipment |
|
7-25 |
Leasehold improvements |
|
10-25 |
|
|
(the shorter of the lease term or useful |
|
|
economic life) |
The Company and its subsidiaries long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles are
reviewed for impairment in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 144,
Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (SFAS No. 144) whenever events
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.
Recoverability of the carrying amount of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of
the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by
the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is
measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the
assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value
less selling costs. The Company recorded impairment charges of $110 during 2005.
F-10
CEVA, INC.
NOTES
TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
i. Investment in other company, net:
Investments in privately held companies in which the Company does not have the ability to
exercise significant influence over operating and financial policy are presented at cost. The
carrying value is periodically reviewed by management for impairment. If this review indicates
that the cost is not recoverable, the carrying value is reduced to its estimated fair value.
On June 23, 2006, the Company divested its GPS technology and associated business to a
U.S.-based company, GloNav Inc. (GloNav) (for more details see Note 4). The investment in GloNav
was stated at cost, since the Company did not have the ability to exercise significant influence
over operating and financial policies of GloNav. The Company recorded the investment on its
consolidated balance sheets as investment in other company, net. This investment is reviewed for
impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the
investment may not be recoverable, in accordance with Accounting Principle Board Opinion No.18 The
Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock
(APB No. 18) and Financial Statement
Position FSP 115-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain
Investments.
In January 2008, the Company divested its equity stake in GloNav following GloNavs
acquisition by NXP Semiconductors (for more details see Note 4).
As part of the combination with Parthus in November 2002, CEVA acquired a minority investment
in a private company (the Portfolio Company). CEVA has no influence or control over the
Portfolio Company or any board representation. In December 2003, the Portfolio Company commenced a
round of private funding at a significantly reduced valuation to CEVAs original investment. As a
result, the Company recognized an impairment and the investment was presented as $0. The Company
recorded a gain of $1,507, $57 and $425 in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, from the realization
of this minority investment in the Portfolio Company due to proceeds received from the Portfolio
Company of the same amount. In 2007, CEVA recorded tax expenses of
$100 related to a gain from the realization of this minority
investment in the Portfolio Company.
j. Goodwill:
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of
businesses acquired. Under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS No. 142),
goodwill acquired in a business combination on or after July 1, 2001, is not amortized. As a
result of the combination with Parthus in November 2002, the Company recorded goodwill in the
amount of $38,398. In the second quarter of 2006, there was a decrease in the amount of goodwill
of $1,900 as a result of the divestment of the Companys GPS technology and associated business to
GloNav (See note 4).
SFAS No. 142 requires goodwill to be tested for impairment at least annually or between annual
tests in certain circumstances, and written down when impaired.
The Company conducts its annual test of impairment for goodwill on October 1st of
each year. In addition, the Company tests to see if impairment exists periodically whenever events
or circumstances occur subsequent to its annual impairment test that would more likely than not
reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Important indicators which
the Company considers in determining whether an impairment is triggered include, but are not
limited to, significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating
results, significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the
Companys overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, a significant decline
in the Companys stock price for a sustained period and the Companys market capitalization
relative to net book value.
The goodwill impairment test, which is based on fair value, is performed on a reporting unit
level. A reporting unit is defined by SFAS No. 142 as an operating segment or one level below an
operating segment. The Company markets its products and services in one segment and allocates
goodwill to one reporting unit. Therefore, impairment is tested at the enterprise level using the
Companys market capitalization as fair value. Accordingly, in conducting the first step of this
impairment test, the Company compares the carrying value of its assets and liabilities, including
goodwill, to its market capitalization. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, the goodwill
is potentially impaired and the Company then completes the second step in order to measure the
impairment loss. If the fair value exceeds the carrying value, the second step to measure the
impairment loss is not required.
F-11
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of the
reporting units goodwill with the carrying amount of the goodwill. To estimate the implied fair
value of the goodwill, the Company allocates the fair value of the reporting unit among the assets
and liabilities of the reporting unit, including any unrecognized, intangible assets. The excess
of the fair value of a reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is
the implied fair value of goodwill. The Company estimates the future cash flows to determine the
fair value of these assets and liabilities. These cash flows are then discounted at rates
reflecting the respective specific industrys cost of capital. If, upon review, the carrying value
of the goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized
in the amount equal to that excess.
Should the Companys market capitalization decline, in assessing the recoverability of
goodwill, the Company may be required to make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and
other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets. This process is subjective and
requires judgment at many points throughout the analysis. If the Companys estimates or their
related assumptions change in subsequent periods or actual cash flows are below their estimates, an
impairment loss not previously recorded may be required for these assets.
In October 2005, 2006 and 2007, the Company conducted its annual goodwill impairment test as
required by SFAS No. 142. The goodwill impairment test compared the fair value of the Company with
the carrying amount, including goodwill, on that date. Because the market capitalization of the
Company exceeded the carrying value of the goodwill, goodwill was considered not impaired.
k. Other intangible assets net:
Intangible assets acquired in a business combination should be amortized over their useful
life using a method of amortization that reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the
intangible assets are consumed or otherwise used up, in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting
for Impairment of Long-Lived Assets (SFAS No. 144). The costs of technology have been
capitalized and are amortized in the consolidated statements of operations over the period during
which benefits are expected to accrue, currently estimated at five years.
The Company is required to test its other intangible assets for impairment whenever events or
circumstances indicate that the value of the assets may be impaired in accordance with SFAS
No. 144. Factors that the Company considers to be important, which could trigger impairment
include:
|
|
|
significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future
operating results; |
|
|
|
significant changes in the manner of the Companys use of the acquired assets or
the strategy for the Companys overall business; |
|
|
|
significant negative industry or economic trends; |
|
|
|
significant decline in the Companys stock price for a sustained period; and |
|
|
|
significant decline in the Companys market capitalization relative to net book
value. |
Where events or circumstances are present which indicate that the carrying amount of an
intangible asset may not be recoverable, the Company will recognize an impairment loss. Such
impairment loss is measured by comparing the fair value of the assets with their carrying value.
The determination of the value of such intangible assets requires the Company to make assumptions
regarding future business conditions and operating results in order to estimate future cash flows
and other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets. The Company incurred an
impairment charge of $400 in the second quarter of 2005 in respect of certain technology acquired
in the combination with Parthus as the Company decided to cease the development of this product
line due to the minimal differentiation between competing solutions. In the second quarter of
2006, there was a decrease in the amount of other intangible assets, net of $845, as a result of
the divestment of the Companys GPS technology and associated business to GloNav (see Note 4). The
Company assessed the carrying value of the remaining intangible assets based on the future expected
cash flow from these assets and determined there was no impairment at year end 2007.
F-12
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
l. Revenue recognition:
The Company generates its revenues from (1) licensing intellectual property, which in certain
circumstances is modified for customer-specific requirements, (2) royalty revenues and (3) other
revenues, which include revenues from support, training and sale of development systems. The
Company licenses its IP to semiconductor companies throughout the world. These semiconductor
companies then manufacture, market and sell custom-designed chips to OEMs for incorporation into a
variety of end products. The Company also licenses its technology directly to OEMs, which are
considered end users.
The Company accounts for its IP license revenues in accordance with Statement of Position
97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended (SOP 97-2). Under the terms of SOP 97-2,
revenues are recognized when: (1) collection is probable; (2) delivery has occurred; (3) the
license fee is fixed or determinable; and (4) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and no
further obligation exists. A license may be perpetual or time limited in its application. SOP 97-2
generally requires revenue earned on licensing arrangements involving multiple elements to be
allocated to each element based on the relative fair value of the elements. However, the Company
has adopted SOP 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to
Certain Transactions, for multiple element transactions. SOP 98-9 requires that revenue be
recognized under the residual method when vendor specific objective evidence (VSOE) of fair
value exists for all undelivered elements and VSOE does not exist for one of the delivered
elements. The VSOE of fair value of the undelivered elements (mainly, technical support and
training) is determined based on the substantive renewal rate as stated in the agreement.
SOP 97-2 specifies that extended payment terms in a licensing arrangement may indicate that
the license fees are not deemed to be fixed or determinable. If the fee is not fixed or
determinable, revenue is recognized as payments become due from the customer unless collection is
not considered probable, then revenue is recognized as payments are collected from the customer,
provided all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. The Companys revenue recognition
policy characterizes all arrangements that become due after 12 months as extended payment and
revenue is recognized as each payment becomes due, provided all other revenue recognition criteria
have been met.
Revenues from license fees that involve significant customization of the Companys IP to
customer-specific specifications are recognized in accordance with the principles set out in
Statement of Position 81-1, Accounting for Performance of ConstructionType and Certain
ProductionType Contracts (SOP 81-1), using contract accounting on a percentage of completion
method, in accordance with the Input Method. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the
total project fees (including the license fee and the customization hours charged) under the
agreement and the percentage of completion achieved. The percentage of completion is measured by
monitoring progress using records of actual time incurred to date in the project compared to the
total estimated project requirements, which corresponds to the costs related to earned revenues.
Estimates of total project requirements are based on prior experience of customization, delivery
and acceptance of the same or similar technology and are reviewed and updated regularly by
management. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in
which such losses are first determined, in the amount of the estimated loss on the entire contract.
As of December 31, 2007, no such estimated losses were identified. The amount of revenue
recognized under SOP 81-1 that was unbilled was $1,025, $1,271 and $514 at December 31, 2005, 2006
and 2007, respectively.
Estimated gross profit or loss from long-term contracts may change due to changes in estimates
resulting from differences between actual performance and original forecasts. Such changes in
estimated gross profit are recorded in results of operations when they are reasonably determinable
by management, on a cumulative catch-up basis.
The Company believes that the use of the percentage of completion method is appropriate as the
Company has prior experience and the ability to make reasonably dependable estimates of the extent
of progress towards completion, contract revenues and contract costs. In addition, contracts
executed include provisions that clearly specify the enforceable rights regarding services to be
provided and received by the parties to the contracts, the consideration to be exchanged and the
manner and terms of settlement. In all cases the Company expects to perform its contractual
obligations, and its licensees are expected to satisfy their obligations under the contracts.
Royalties from licensing the right to use the Companys IP are recognized when the related
sales are made. The Company determines such sales by receiving confirmation of sales subject to
royalties from licensees. Non-refundable payments on account of future royalties are recognized
upon payment become due, provided no future obligation exists. Prepaid royalties are recognized
under the licensing revenue line.
F-13
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
In addition to license fees, contracts with customers generally contain an agreement to
provide support and training, which consists of an identified customer contact at the Company and
telephone or e-mail support. Fees for post contract support, which takes place after delivery to
the customer, are specified in the contract and are generally mandatory for the first year. After
the mandatory period, the customer may extend the support agreement on similar terms on an annual
basis. The Company recognizes revenue for post contract support on a straight-line basis over the
period for which technical support is contractually agreed to be provided to the licensee. Revenue
from training is recognized as the training is performed.
Revenue from sale of development systems is recognized when title to the product passes to the
customer and all other revenue recognition criteria has been met.
The Company usually does not provide rights of return. When rights of return are included in
the license agreements, revenue is deferred until rights of return expire.
When a sale of the Companys IP is made to a third party who also supplies the Company with
goods or services under separate agreements, the Company evaluates each of the agreements to
determine whether they are clearly separable, and independent of one another and that reliable fair
value exists for either the sale or purchase element in order to determine the appropriate revenue
recognition.
Deferred revenues include unearned amounts received under license agreements, unearned
technical support and training fees and amounts paid by customers not yet recognized as revenues.
m. Cost of revenue:
Cost of revenue includes the costs of products and services. Cost of product revenue includes
shipping, handling, materials and the portion of development costs associated with product
development arrangements. Cost of service revenue includes the salary costs for personnel engaged
in training and customer support, and telephone and other support costs.
n. Income taxes:
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income
Taxes (SFAS No. 109). This statement prescribes the use of the liability method whereby
deferred tax asset and liability account balances are determined based on differences between the
book and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws
that will be in effect when the differences are expected to be reversed. The Company and its
subsidiaries provide a valuation allowance, as necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to their
estimated realizable value.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined using enacted statutory tax rates for the
effects of net operating losses and temporary differences between the book and tax bases of assets
and liabilities. Accounting for deferred taxes under SFAS No. 109 involves the evaluation of a
number of factors concerning the realizability of the Companys deferred tax assets. In concluding
that a valuation allowance is required, the Company primarily considers such factors as its history
of operating losses and expected future losses in certain jurisdictions and the nature of its
deferred tax assets. The Company provides valuation allowances in respect of deferred tax assets
resulting principally from the carryforward of tax losses. Management currently believes that it
is more likely than not that the deferred tax regarding the carryforward of losses and certain
accrued expenses will not be realized in the foreseeable future. In the event that the Company is
to determine that it would not be able to realize all or part of its deferred tax assets in the
future, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets will be charged to earnings in the period in which
it makes such a determination. Likewise, if the Company later determines that it is more likely
than not that the net deferred tax assets will be realized, the Company will reverse the applicable
portion of the previously provided valuation allowance. In order for the Company to realize its
deferred tax assets, it must be able to generate sufficient taxable income in the tax jurisdictions
in which the deferred tax assets are located.
In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation No.
48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-an Interpretation of SFAS Statement No. 109
(FIN 48). FIN 48 contains a two step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax
positions accounted for in accordance with SFAS Statement No. 109. The first step is to evaluate
the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is
more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related
appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the
largest amount which is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FIN 48
was effective for the Company at the beginning of fiscal 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 by the
Company did not have any material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
F-14
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
The Company does not have a provision for U.S. Federal income taxes on the undistributed
earnings of its international subsidiaries because such earnings are re-invested and, in the
opinion of management, will not be distributed to CEVA, Inc., the U.S. parent company, and will
continue to be re-invested indefinitely. In addition, the Company operates within multiple taxing
jurisdictions involving complex issues, and it has provisions for tax liabilities on investment
activities as appropriate.
o. Research and development:
Research and development costs are charged to the consolidated statements of operations as
incurred.
p. Government grants:
Government grants received by the Company relating to categories of operating expenditures are
credited to the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which the expenditure to
which they relate is charged. Non-royalty-bearing grants from the Government of Israel for funding
certain approved research and development projects are recognized at the time when the Company is
entitled to such grants, on the basis of the related costs incurred, and included as a deduction
from research and development costs.
The Company and its subsidiaries recorded grants in the amounts of $574, $276 and $319 for the
years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. The Israeli subsidiary is obligated to
pay royalties amounting to 3%-3.5% of the sales of certain products which received grants from the
Chief Scientist of Israel in previous years. The obligation to pay these royalties is continued on
actual sales of the products. Grants received from Enterprise Ireland and Invest Northern Ireland
may become repayable if certain criteria under the grants are not met.
q. Employee benefit plan:
Certain of the Companys employees are eligible to participate in a defined contribution
pension plan (the plan). Participants in the plan may elect to defer a portion of their pre-tax
earnings into the plan, which is run by an independent party. The Company makes pension
contributions at rates varying up to 10% of the participants pensionable salary. Contributions to
the plan are recorded as an expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
The Companys U.S. operations maintain a retirement plan (the U.S. Plan) that qualifies as a
deferred salary arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Participants in the
U.S. Plan may elect to defer a portion of their pre-tax earnings, up to the Internal Revenue
Service annual contribution limit. The Company matches 100% of each participants contributions up
to a maximum of 6% of the participants base pay. Each participant may contribute up to 15% of
base remuneration. Contributions to this plan are recorded in the year contributed as an expense
in the consolidated statements of operations.
Total contributions for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 were $707, $520 and
$400, respectively.
r. Accrued severance pay:
The liability of CEVAs Israeli subsidiary for severance pay is calculated pursuant to Israeli
severance pay laws for all employees, based on the most recent salary of each employee multiplied
by the number of years of employment for that employee as of the balance sheet date. The Israeli
subsidiarys liability is fully provided for by monthly deposits with severance pay funds,
insurance policies and by an accrual.
The deposited funds include profits accumulated up to the balance sheet date. The deposited
funds may be withdrawn only upon the fulfillment of the obligation pursuant to Israeli severance
pay laws or labor agreements. The value of these policies is recorded as an asset on the Companys
consolidated balance sheets.
Severance pay expenses, net of related income for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and
2007, were approximately $550, $740 and $663, respectively.
F-15
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
s. Accounting for equity-based compensation:
On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123
(revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123(R)) which requires the measurement and
recognition of compensation expense based on estimated fair values for all equity-based payment
awards made to employees and directors. SFAS 123(R) supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion
No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB 25), for periods beginning in fiscal
2006. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin
No. 107 (SAB 107) relating to SFAS 123(R). The Company has applied the provisions of SAB 107
upon its adoption of SFAS 123(R).
Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company applied the intrinsic value method of accounting for
stock options as prescribed by APB 25, whereby compensation expense is equal to the excess, if any,
of the quoted market price of the stock over the exercise price on the grant date of the award.
The Company adopted the fair value recognition provision of SFAS 123(R) using the modified
prospective transition method, effective January 1, 2006. Under that transition method,
compensation cost recognized in the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, includes: (a)
compensation cost for all equity-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of, January
1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of
Statement 123, and (b) compensation cost for all equity-based payments granted subsequent to
January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of
Statement 123R. Results for prior periods have not been restated.
SFAS 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on
the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is
ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense over the requisite service periods on the
Companys consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognizes compensation expenses for
the value of its awards, which have graded vesting based on the accelerated attribution method over
the requisite service period of each of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures. Estimated
forfeitures are based on actual historical pre-vesting forfeitures.
As a result of adopting SFAS 123(R) on January 1, 2006, the Companys net income for the year
ended December 31, 2007, was $2,131 lower and the Companys net loss for the year ended December
31, 2006 was $2,204 higher than if it had continued to account for equity-based compensation under
APB 25. Basic and diluted net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2007,
were $0.10 and $0.11, respectively, lower, and basic and diluted net loss per share for the
year ended December 31, 2006, both were $0.11 higher, than if the Company had continued to account
for equity-based compensation under APB 25.
The Company used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model through December 31, 2006 and the
Monte-Carlo simulation model for options granted thereafter. The Black-Scholes option-pricing
model requires a number of assumptions, of which the most significant are the expected stock price
volatility and option term. Expected volatility was calculated based upon actual historical stock
price movements over the most recent periods ending on the grant date, equal to the expected option
term. The expected option term represents the period that the Companys stock options are expected
to be outstanding and was determined based on historical experience of similar options, giving
consideration to the contractual terms of the stock options. The Company has historically not paid
dividends and has no foreseeable plans to issue dividends. The risk-free interest rate is based on
the yield from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with an equivalent term. The Monte-Carlo model
considers characteristics of fair value option pricing that are not available under the
Black-Scholes model. Similar to the Black-Scholes model, the Monte-Carlo model takes into account
variables such as volatility, dividend yield rate and risk free interest rate. However, the
Monte-Carlo model also considers the contractual term of the option, the probability that the
option will be exercised prior to the end of its contractual life, and the probability of
termination or retirement of the option holder in computing the value of the option. For these
reasons, the Company believes that the Monte-Carlo model provides a fair value that is more
representative of actual experience and future expected experience than that calculated using the
Black-Scholes model.
F-16
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
The fair value for the Companys stock options granted to employees and directors was
estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:
In the Black-Scholes option pricing model for the years:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected dividend yield |
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
0 |
% |
Expected volatility |
|
|
35 |
% |
|
|
40 |
% |
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
5 |
% |
Expected option term |
|
4 years |
|
4 years |
Expected forfeiture (employees) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
% |
Expected forfeiture (executives) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
% |
In the Monte-Carlo simulation model for the year:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected dividend yield |
|
|
0 |
% |
Expected volatility |
|
|
30%-46 |
% |
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
4%-5 |
% |
Expected forfeiture (employees) |
|
|
20 |
% |
Expected forfeiture (executives) |
|
|
10 |
% |
Contractual term of up to |
|
7 years |
Suboptimal exercise multiple |
|
|
1.6 |
|
The fair value for rights to purchase shares of common stock under the Companys employee
share purchase plan was estimated on the date of grant using the same weighted average assumptions
set forth above for the years ended 2007 and 2006 except the expected life, which was assumed to be
six to 24 months in 2007 and 2006, and except the expected volatility, which was assumed to be in a
range of 21%-42% in 2007.
The pro forma table below reflects the Companys equity-based compensation expense, net loss,
and basic and diluted loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2005, had the Company applied
the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 to options granted under the Companys stock
option plans in all periods presented prior to the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123R:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended
December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
Net loss as reported |
|
$ |
(2,266 |
) |
Add: Total equity-based employee compensation
expense determined under the fair value based
method of SFAS 123 for all awards, net of related
tax effects |
|
|
(2,892 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net loss: |
|
$ |
(5,158 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net loss per share: |
|
|
|
|
Basic and
diluted as reported |
|
$ |
(0.12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Basic and
diluted pro forma |
|
$ |
(0.27 |
) |
|
|
|
|
F-17
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
For purposes of pro forma disclosures, equity-based compensation is estimated using a
Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model and amortized over the vesting period using the
accelerated attribution method. Pro forma compensation expense under SFAS 123, among other
computational differences, does not consider potential pre-vesting forfeitures. Because of these
differences, the pro forma equity-based compensation expense presented above for the year ended
December 31, 2005 under SFAS 123 and the equity-based compensation expense recognized during the
years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 under SFAS 123(R) are not directly comparable.
During the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, the Company recognized equity-based
compensation expense related to employee stock options in the amount of $2,204 and $2,131,
respectively, as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenue |
|
$ |
53 |
|
|
$ |
83 |
|
Research and development, net |
|
|
656 |
|
|
|
935 |
|
Sales and marketing |
|
|
449 |
|
|
|
334 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
1,046 |
|
|
|
779 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total equity-based compensation expense |
|
$ |
2,204 |
|
|
$ |
2,131 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $277 lower than had the Company continued
to account for equity-based compensation using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Basic net
income per share for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $0.02 lower than had the Company
continued to account for equity-based compensation using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
Diluted net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $0.01 lower than had the
Company continued to account for equity-based compensation using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, there were balances of $1,253 and $1,530, respectively, of
unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested awards.
t. Fair value of financial instruments:
The carrying amount of cash, cash equivalents, bank deposits, trade receivables, other
accounts receivable, trade payables and other accounts payable approximates fair value due to the
short-term maturities of these instruments. The fair value of marketable securities (classified as
available-for-sale) is based on quoted market prices at year end.
u. Comprehensive Income
The Company accounts for comprehensive income in accordance with SFAS No. 130, Reporting
Comprehensive Income. This statement establishes standards for the reporting and display of
comprehensive income and its components in a full set of general purpose financial statements.
Comprehensive income generally represents all changes in stockholders equity during the period
except those resulting from investments by, or distributions to, stockholders. The Company
determined that its items of other comprehensive income relates to gains and losses on hedging
derivative instruments and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities.
v. Concentration of credit risk:
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk
consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, bank deposits, marketable securities and trade
receivables. The Company invests its surplus cash in cash deposits and marketable securities in
financial institutions with strong credit ratings and has established guidelines relating to the
diversification and maturities that maintain safety and liquidity.
The Company invests cash in high grade certificates of corporate bonds and securities and U.S.
government and agency securities. Cash held by foreign subsidiaries is generally held in
short-term time deposits denominated in the local currency and in dollars.
Net interest income was $1,711 in 2005, $2,770 in 2006 and $3,173 in 2007. The Company is
exposed primarily to fluctuations in the level of U.S. and EMU interest rates. To the extent that
interest rates rise, fixed interest investments may be adversely impacted, whereas a decline in
interest rates may decrease the anticipated interest income for variable rate investments.
F-18
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
The Company is exposed to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates. The
Company typically does not attempt to reduce or eliminate its market exposures on its investment
securities because the majority of its investments are short-term.
The Companys trade receivables are geographically diverse and are derived from sales to OEMs
mainly in the United States, Europe and Asia. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade
receivables is limited by credit limits, ongoing credit evaluation and account monitoring
procedures. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and to date has not
experienced any material losses. The Company makes judgments on its ability to collect outstanding
receivables and provides allowances for the portion of receivables for which collection becomes
doubtful. Provisions are made based upon a specific review of all significant outstanding
receivables. In determining the provision, the Company considers the historical collection
experience and current economic trends.
The Company has no off-balance-sheet concentration of credit risk.
w. Derivative and Hedging Activities:
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and
Hedging Activities (SFAS No. 133), as amended, requires the Company to recognize all derivatives
on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value
through income. If the derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the
fair value of derivatives are either offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets,
liabilities, or firm commitments through earnings or recognized in other comprehensive income until
the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivatives change in
fair value is immediately recognized in earnings.
To protect against the increase in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flow resulting
from salaries paid in Israeli NIS and in Euro during the year, the Company instituted in the second
quarter of 2007, a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company hedges portions of the
anticipated payroll of its Israeli employees denominated in NIS for a period of one to twelve
months with forward contracts.
As of December 31, 2007, the Company recorded comprehensive income of $65 from its forward
contracts in respect to anticipated payroll for its Israeli employees expected in 2008. Such
amounts will be recorded in the consolidated statements of operations of 2008.
The Company recognized a net gain of $170 during the year ended December 31, 2007, related to
forward contracts.
x. Advertising expenses:
Advertising expenses are charged to consolidated statements of operations as incurred.
Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 were $179, $218 and $544,
respectively.
y. Net income (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of shares
of common stock outstanding during each year. Diluted net income per share is computed based on
the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each year, plus dilutive
potential shares of common stock considered outstanding during the year, in accordance with SFAS
No. 128, Earnings Per Share.
F-19
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
(in thousands except per share data) |
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Numerator for basic and diluted net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(2,266 |
) |
|
$ |
(98 |
) |
|
$ |
1,291 |
|
|
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share |
|
|
18,807 |
|
|
|
19,191 |
|
|
|
19,606 |
|
|
Effect of employee stock options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
544 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for diluted net income (loss) per share |
|
|
18,807 |
|
|
|
19,191 |
|
|
|
20,150 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(0.12 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted net income (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(0.12 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
z. Recently issued accounting standards:
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS No. 157).
SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally
accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The
provisions of SFAS No. 157 are effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2008. The FASB
issues a FASB Staff Position (FSP) to defer the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for one year for all
non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for those items that are recognized or
disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. The Company does not
expect the adoption of SFAS No. 157will have a material effect on its consolidated financial
statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets
and Financial Liabilities (SFAS No. 159). SFAS No. 159 permits companies to choose to measure
certain financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS No. 159 requires that
unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected be reported
in earnings. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for the fiscal year
beginning after November 15, 2007 and the interim periods thereafter, although earlier adoption is
permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 159 will have on its
consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated
Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51 (SFAS No. 160). SFAS No. 160 establishes
accounting and reporting standards that require that the ownership interests in subsidiaries held
by parties other than the parent be clearly identified, labeled, and presented in the consolidated
statement of financial position within equity, but separate from the parents equity; the amount of
consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly
identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of income; and changes in a
parents ownership interest while the parent retains its controlling financial interest in its
subsidiary be accounted for consistently. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim
periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company does not
expect the adoption of SFAS No. 160 will have significant impact on its consolidated financial
statement.
NOTE 2: MARKETABLE SECURITIES
Marketable securities consist of corporate bonds and securities and U.S. government and agency
securities. Management determines the classification of investments in obligations with fixed
maturities and marketable securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such designations as
of each balance sheet date.
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 115, Accounting for Certain
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (SFAS No. 115), the Company had classified at December
31, 2006 its marketable debt securities as trading securities. Since the beginning of 2007, the
Company classifies each new marketable security as available-for-sale securities at the time of
purchase. On December 31, 2007, the Company classified the remaining trading securities in the
amount of $ 2,062 to available-for-sale securities.
F-20
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As at December 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Gain (loss) |
|
|
Market Value |
|
Trading securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate bonds and securities |
|
|
15,382 |
|
|
|
(112 |
) |
|
|
15,270 |
|
U.S. government and agency securities |
|
|
7,923 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
7,967 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
23,305 |
|
|
$ |
(68 |
) |
|
$ |
23,237 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As at December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized Cost |
|
|
unrealized gains |
|
|
unrealized losses |
|
|
Market Value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Available-for-sale securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contractual maturities of less than 1 year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate bonds and securities |
|
$ |
5,353 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(7 |
) |
|
$ |
5,346 |
|
U.S. government and agency securities |
|
|
2,001 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,354 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
7,348 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contractual maturities of after 1 year
through 2 years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate bonds and securities |
|
$ |
18,256 |
|
|
$ |
13 |
|
|
$ |
(72 |
) |
|
$ |
18,197 |
|
U.S. government and agency securities |
|
|
2,996 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,252 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
(72 |
) |
|
|
21,200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
28,606 |
|
|
$ |
21 |
|
|
$ |
(79 |
) |
|
$ |
28,548 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The unrealized losses as of December 31, 2007 were $79 and were caused mainly by interest rate
increases. Since the Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until a recovery
of fair value, which may be until maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be
other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2007. Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale
securities during 2007 were $13,468. Gross realized losses from the sales of these securities were
immaterial.
NOTE 3: PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Composition of assets, grouped by major classifications, is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Computers, software and equipment |
|
$ |
10,424 |
|
|
$ |
11,150 |
|
Office furniture and equipment |
|
|
957 |
|
|
|
960 |
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
1,056 |
|
|
|
1,126 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,437 |
|
|
|
13,236 |
|
Less Accumulated depreciation |
|
|
(10,731 |
) |
|
|
(11,610 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciated cost |
|
$ |
1,706 |
|
|
$ |
1,626 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expenses were $2,016, $1,422 and $882 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006
and 2007, respectively.
In the second quarter of 2006, there was a decrease in the amount of property and equipment,
net of $522, as a result of the divestment of the Companys GPS technology and associated business
to GloNav (for more details see Note 4). In the second quarter of 2005, the Company recorded an
impairment charge of $110 relating to non-performing assets following the implementation of its
reorganization plan.
F-21
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
NOTE 4: INVESTMENT IN OTHER COMPANY, NET
On June 23, 2006, the Company divested its GPS technology and associated business to GloNav in
return for an equity ownership of 19.9% in GloNav on a fully diluted basis. Out of the 19.9%, CEVA
received as consideration 10% in Series A-1 Convertible Voting Preferred Stock and 9.9% in Series
A-2 Convertible Non-Voting Preferred Stock. The Series A-1 and Series A-2 are convertible into
voting common stock and non-voting common stock, respectively, of GloNav on a one-for-one basis.
Subject to certain limitations, if GloNav engages in future equity funding of up to $20,000, CEVA
also will receive additional shares of GloNavs Series A-2 for no consideration as anti-dilution
protection. The additional share issuance is capped at 6.8% of GloNavs then outstanding shares of
capital stock calculated on a post-funding basis after completion of equity funding of up to
$20,000. Although CEVA has transferred the GPS customer contracts and GPS intellectual property to
GloNav, CEVA continued to share with GloNav certain revenues relating to the GPS assets. CEVAs
valuation of its equity investment in GloNav was $5,984 based on an independent experts valuation
in consideration of the assets and cash contributed to GloNav. The determination of the amount of
reduction recorded for goodwill and intangible assets for the GPS technology and business was
calculated in accordance with paragraph 39 in SFAS No. 142 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
in consideration of the fair value of the GPS technology and business purchased by GloNav and the
fair value of the Company, both based on an independent valuation. The investment in GloNav was
recorded as an investment in other company, net on the consolidated balance sheets and stated at
cost given that the Companys equity investment in GloNav represented less than 20% of GloNavs
voting stock and in consideration of the guidance provided in Accounting Principles Board Opinion
No. 18 The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock, the Company did not have
the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of GloNav.
Since GloNav was a highly leveraged entity, and received additional funding to continue its
operations, the gain resulting from the divestment of the GPS technology and associated business in
the total amount of $1,751 was deferred and presented in the consolidated balance sheets as a
deduction from investment in other company. The excess of the consideration from the divestment
over the net book value of the assets in the amount of $1,751 is set forth below:
|
|
|
|
|
Equity investment in GloNav |
|
$ |
5,984 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
(1,900 |
) |
Intangible asset |
|
|
(845 |
) |
Net working capital |
|
|
(522 |
) |
Transaction cost related to the GPS divestment |
|
|
(966 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Deferred gain related to GPS divestment transaction |
|
$ |
1,751 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 and 2007 |
|
Investment in other company, net: |
|
|
|
|
Investment in other company |
|
$ |
5,984 |
|
Deferred gain |
|
|
(1,751 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Total investment in other company, net |
|
$ |
4,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
GloNav also has licensed the CEVA-TeakLite DSP core for the development of its GPS chipsets
and will pay royalties to CEVA-based on its future GPS chip sales.
In January 2008, the Company divested its equity stake in GloNav following GloNavs
acquisition by NXP Semiconductors for an initial cash payment of $85,000, plus up to an additional
$25,000 payable to all of GloNavs stockholders in cash contingent upon GloNav reaching certain
revenue and product development milestones within the two years after the acquisition. In February
2008, the Company received its portion of the initial cash payment, less 10% which is being held in
escrow to satisfy indemnification claims and less its portion of certain fees and expenses incurred
in connection with the transaction. After the deductions, the Companys portion of the initial
cash payment totaled $14,600. In the first quarter of 2008, the Company expects to record a
pre-tax gain of $8,600, from the divestment of its equity stake in GloNav and an additional pre-tax
gain of $1,751 resulting from the recognition of the deferred gain, as detailed above.
F-22
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
NOTE 5: GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2006 |
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Impairment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Impairment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying |
|
|
Loss/Asset |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying |
|
|
Loss/Asset |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
write down |
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
Net |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
write down |
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
$ |
38,398 |
|
|
$ |
1,900 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
36,498 |
|
|
$ |
38,398 |
|
|
$ |
1,900 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
36,498 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other intangible assets
amortizable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parthus name |
|
|
610 |
|
|
|
478 |
|
|
|
132 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
610 |
|
|
|
478 |
|
|
|
132 |
|
|
|
|
|
Patent portfolio |
|
|
2,247 |
|
|
|
640 |
|
|
|
1,607 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,247 |
|
|
|
640 |
|
|
|
1,607 |
|
|
|
|
|
Current technology and
customer backlog |
|
|
2,824 |
|
|
|
1,264 |
|
|
|
1,493 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
2,824 |
|
|
|
1,264 |
|
|
|
1,560 |
|
|
|
|
|
Purchased technology |
|
|
347 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
213 |
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
347 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
294 |
|
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total identifiable intangible assets |
|
$ |
6,028 |
|
|
$ |
2,382 |
|
|
$ |
3,445 |
|
|
$ |
201 |
|
|
$ |
6,028 |
|
|
$ |
2,382 |
|
|
$ |
3,593 |
|
|
$ |
53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets primarily represent the acquisition of certain intellectual property
together with the value of patents acquired in the combination with Parthus.
In the second quarter of 2006, there was a decrease in the amount of goodwill and other
intangible assets, net of $1,900 and $845, respectively, as a result of the divestment of the
Companys GPS technology and associated business to GloNav (for more details see Note 4).
Amortization expenses amounted to $823, $414 and $148 for the years ended December 31, 2005,
2006 and 2007, respectively.
NOTE 6: PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
PREPAID EXPENSES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid leased design tools |
|
$ |
219 |
|
|
$ |
336 |
|
Prepaid directors and officers insurance |
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
90 |
|
Prepaid car leases |
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
172 |
|
Prepaid rent |
|
|
51 |
|
|
|
216 |
|
Other prepaid expenses |
|
|
75 |
|
|
|
90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
564 |
|
|
$ |
904 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-23
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
OTHER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Indirect taxes |
|
$ |
880 |
|
|
$ |
1,260 |
|
Rental deposits |
|
|
119 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
Interest receivable |
|
|
642 |
|
|
|
718 |
|
Other accounts receivable |
|
|
249 |
|
|
|
269 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,890 |
|
|
$ |
2,391 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE 7: ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER PAYABLES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued compensation and benefits |
|
$ |
4,237 |
|
|
$ |
4,691 |
|
Restructuring accruals (see Note 12) |
|
|
1,609 |
|
|
|
868 |
|
Engineering accruals |
|
|
606 |
|
|
|
933 |
|
Professional fees |
|
|
1,137 |
|
|
|
795 |
|
Other accruals |
|
|
1,873 |
|
|
|
1,165 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
9,462 |
|
|
$ |
8,452 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE 8: STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
a. Common stock:
At the annual meeting of stockholders held on July 19, 2005, the stockholders voted to amend
the Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to reduce the number of shares of
common stock authorized for issuance from 100,000,000 shares to 60,000,000 shares.
Holders of the common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon
by the Companys stockholders. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of
the common stock are entitled to share ratably in all of the Companys assets. The Board of
Directors may declare a dividend out of funds legally available therefore and the holders of
common stock are entitled to receive ratably any such dividends. Holders of common stock have
no preemptive rights or other subscription rights to convert their shares into any other
securities.
F-24
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
During 2005, 2006 and 2007, the Company issued 365,253, 407,073 and 703,553 shares of common
stock under its stock option and purchase programs for a consideration of $1,755, $1,804 and
$4,816, respectively.
b. Preferred stock:
The Company is authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock,
par value $0.001 per share. Such preferred stock may be issued by the Board of Directors from time
to time in one or more series, with such designations, preferences and relative, participating,
optional or other special rights of such series, and any qualifications, limitations or
restrictions thereof; including the dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, exchange
rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption (including sinking and purchase fund
provisions), the redemption price or prices, the dissolution preferences and the rights in respect
of any distribution of assets of any wholly unissued series of preferred stock and the number of
shares constituting any such series, and the designation thereof.
c. Employee and non-employee stock plans:
The Company grants stock options to employees, directors and certain consultants of the
Company and its subsidiaries and provides the right to purchase stock pursuant to approved an
employee stock purchase plan. The Company has elected to follow SFAS 123(R) and related
interpretations in accounting for its stock option plans. SFAS 123(R) supersedes APB 25 for
periods beginning in fiscal 2006. Most of the options granted under these plans have been granted
at the fair market value of the Companys common stock. A stock compensation charge of $2,204 and
$2,131 in respect of options granted to employees and directors is reflected in the consolidated
statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively, as required
under SFAS 123(R). A stock compensation charge of $195 in respect of options granted to
non-employee consultants is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations for the year
ended December 31, 2005 as required under SFAS 123.
During 2007, the Company granted options to purchase 939,500 shares of common stock, at
exercise prices ranging from $7.22 to $9.18 per share, and the
Company issued 703,753 shares of
common stock under its stock option and purchase plans for consideration of $4,816. Options
totaling 1,103,697 shares with a weighted average exercise price of $10.63 were forfeited or
expired in 2007, primarily reflecting departures of employees and expiration of options which were
granted in 2000. Options to purchase 3,588,670 shares were outstanding at December 31, 2007.
During 2006, the Company granted options to purchase 335,000 shares of common stock, at exercise
prices ranging from $5.50 to $7.59 per share, and the Company issued 407,073 shares of common stock
under its stock option and purchase plans for consideration of $1,804. Options totaling 1,017,937
shares with a weighted average exercise price of $9.59 were forfeited in 2006, primarily reflecting
departures of employees and expiration of options which were granted in 1999. Options to purchase
4,250,910 shares were outstanding at December 31, 2006.
A summary of the Companys stock option activity and related information for the year ended
December 31, 2007, is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
average |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
remaining |
|
|
intrinsic value |
|
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
|
contractual term |
|
|
($000) |
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year |
|
|
4,250,910 |
|
|
$ |
8.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted |
|
|
939,500 |
|
|
|
7.78 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
(498,043 |
) |
|
|
7.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited or expired |
|
|
(1,103,697 |
) |
|
|
10.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year |
|
|
3,588,670 |
|
|
$ |
7.33 |
|
|
|
5.1 |
|
|
$ |
17,510 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vested or expected to vest as of December 31 |
|
|
3,331,093 |
|
|
$ |
7.35 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
$ |
16,181 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable as of December 31, |
|
|
2,010,356 |
|
|
$ |
7.55 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
$ |
9,375 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-25
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
The weighted average number of shares related to the outstanding options excluded from the
calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share, since their effect was anti-dilutive, were
5,436,523, 4,717,761 and 1,902,560 shares for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007,
respectively.
The options granted to employees and directors of the Company and its subsidiaries which were
outstanding as of December 31, 2007 have been classified into a range of exercise prices as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average |
|
Exercise price |
|
Options |
|
|
Weighted average |
|
|
Weighted average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
exercise price of |
|
(range) |
|
outstanding as of |
|
|
remaining contractual |
|
|
exercise price |
|
|
Options exercisable as of |
|
|
options exercisable |
|
$ |
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
life (years) |
|
|
$ |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
$ |
|
4.25 |
|
|
296,251 |
|
|
|
5.3 |
|
|
|
4.25 |
|
|
|
296,251 |
|
|
|
4.25 |
|
4.26-7.60 |
|
|
2,345,056 |
|
|
|
5.4 |
|
|
|
6.59 |
|
|
|
1,131,018 |
|
|
|
6.67 |
|
7.61-11.40 |
|
|
785,604 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
|
9.26 |
|
|
|
421,370 |
|
|
|
9.62 |
|
11.41-15.0 |
|
|
154,216 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
14.15 |
|
|
|
154,174 |
|
|
|
14.15 |
|
15.01-20.0 |
|
|
7,543 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
17.64 |
|
|
|
7,543 |
|
|
|
17.64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,588,670 |
|
|
|
5.1 |
|
|
|
7.33 |
|
|
|
2,010,356 |
|
|
|
7.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003 Director Stock Option Plan
The Companys 2003 Director Stock Option Plan (the Director Plan) was adopted by the Board
of Directors in April 2003 and by the stockholders in June 2003. Up to 700,000 shares of common
stock, subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits and other similar events, are reserved
for issuance under the Director Plan, which became effective on June 18, 2003.
A summary of activities relating to options granted to purchase common stock under the
Director Plan is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year |
|
|
423,000 |
|
|
$ |
7.81 |
|
|
|
581,000 |
|
|
$ |
7.30 |
|
|
|
687,000 |
|
|
$ |
7.02 |
|
Granted |
|
|
158,000 |
|
|
|
5.95 |
|
|
|
132,000 |
|
|
|
5.76 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19,500 |
) |
|
|
6.87 |
|
Forfeited or expired |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(26,000 |
) |
|
|
6.88 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year |
|
|
581,000 |
|
|
$ |
7.30 |
|
|
|
687,000 |
|
|
$ |
7.02 |
|
|
|
667,500 |
|
|
$ |
7.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-26
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
The Director Plan provides for the grant of nonqualified stock options to non-employee
directors. Options must be granted at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the
common stock on the date of grant. Options may not be granted for a term in excess of ten years.
The Director Plan permits the following forms of payment of the exercise price of options: (i)
payment by cash or certified or bank check or (ii) delivery to the Company of an irrevocable
undertaking by a broker to deliver sufficient funds or delivery to the Company of irrevocable
instructions to a broker to deliver sufficient funds.
On June 18, 2003, each non-employee director on the Companys board of directors was granted
an option to purchase 38,000 shares of common stock. Any person who subsequently becomes a
non-employee director of the Company will automatically be granted an option to purchase 38,000
shares of common stock. Each option will vest as to 25% of the shares underlying the option on
each anniversary of the option grant.
On June 18, 2003, each non-employee director who had served on the Companys Board of
Directors for at least six months was granted an additional option to purchase 13,000 shares of
common stock. Also on that date, any non-employee director who had served as a chairperson of a
committee of the Companys Board of Directors for at least six (6) months was granted an option to
purchase 13,000 shares of common stock. Under the terms of the Director Plan, on June 30 of each
year, beginning in 2004, each non-employee director who has served on the Companys Board of
Directors for at least six (6) months as of such date will automatically be granted an option to
purchase 13,000 shares of common stock, and each non-employee director shall receive an option to
purchase 13,000 shares of common stock for each committee on which he or she shall have served as
chairperson for at least six months prior to such date. On May 9, 2005, the Companys Board of
Directors approved granting the Chairman of the Board an additional option to purchase 15,000
shares of common stock on an annual basis.
As a result, options to purchase 158,000 and 132,000 shares of common stock were granted
during 2005 and 2006, respectively. In 2007, options to purchase 132,000 shares of common stock
were granted to non-employee directors from the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan as a result of an
insufficient number of authorized shares under the Director Plan for the automatic director grants.
The Companys Board of Directors may grant additional options to purchase common stock with a
vesting schedule to be determined by the Board of Directors in recognition of services provided by
a non-employee director in his or her capacity as a director.
The Companys Board of Directors has authority to administer the Director Plan. The Companys
Board of Directors has the authority to adopt, amend and repeal the administrative rules,
guidelines and practices relating to the Director Plan and to interpret its provisions.
As of December 31, 2007, options to purchase 13,000 shares of common stock were available for
grant under the Director Plan.
2002 Stock Incentive Plan
The Companys 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the 2002 Plan) was adopted by the Board of
Directors and sole stockholder in July 2002. Up to 3,300,000 shares of common stock, subject to
adjustment in the event of stock splits and other similar events, are reserved for issuance under
the 2002 Plan.
F-27
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
A summary of activity of options granted to purchase common stock under the 2002 Plan is as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year |
|
|
2,767,866 |
|
|
$ |
6.95 |
|
|
|
2,317,436 |
|
|
$ |
6.30 |
|
|
|
1,971,377 |
|
|
$ |
6.14 |
|
Granted |
|
|
941,700 |
|
|
|
5.76 |
|
|
|
203,000 |
|
|
|
6.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
(21,428 |
) |
|
|
4.00 |
|
|
|
(64,377 |
) |
|
|
4.64 |
|
|
|
(285,931 |
) |
|
|
6.90 |
|
Forfeited or expired |
|
|
(1,370,702 |
) |
|
|
7.30 |
|
|
|
(484,682 |
) |
|
|
7.05 |
|
|
|
(126,954 |
) |
|
|
6.96 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year |
|
|
2,317,436 |
|
|
$ |
6.30 |
|
|
|
1,971,377 |
|
|
$ |
6.14 |
|
|
|
1,558,492 |
|
|
$ |
5.94 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The 2002 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options intended to qualify under
Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, nonqualified stock options and restricted stock awards.
Officers, employees, directors, outside consultants and advisors of the Company and those of the
Companys present and future parent and subsidiary corporations are eligible to receive awards
under the 2002 Plan. Under current law, incentive stock options may only be granted to employees.
Optionees receive the right to purchase a specified number of shares of the common stock at a
specified option price, subject to the terms and conditions of the option grant. The Company may
grant options at an exercise price less than, equal to or greater than the fair market value of the
common stock on the date of the grant. Under current law, incentive stock options and options
intended to qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue
Code may not be granted at an exercise price less than the fair market value of the common stock on
the date of grant, or less than 110% of the fair market value in the case of incentive stock
options granted to optionees holding more than 10% of the voting power of the Companys securities.
The 2002 Plan permits the Board of Directors to determine how optionees may pay the exercise price
of their options, including by cash, check or in connection with a cashless exercise through a
broker, by surrender of shares of the common stock, or by any combination of the permitted forms of
payment.
The Companys Board of Directors and its compensation committee have the authority to
administer the 2002 Plan. The Companys Board of Directors or its compensation committee has the
authority to adopt, amend and repeal the administrative rules, guidelines and practices relating to
the 2002 Plan and to interpret its provisions.
As of December 31, 2007, options to purchase 1,292,428 shares of common stock were available
for grant under the 2002 Plan.
2000 Stock Incentive Plan
In July 2000, the Company adopted the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (the 2000 Plan).
A summary of activity of options granted to purchase common stock under the 2000 Plan is as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
average exercise |
|
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
|
options |
|
|
price |
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year |
|
|
2,706,768 |
|
|
$ |
10.93 |
|
|
|
2,121,947 |
|
|
$ |
11.33 |
|
|
|
1,592,533 |
|
|
$ |
11.12 |
|
Granted (*) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
939,500 |
|
|
|
7.78 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(51,392 |
) |
|
|
5.52 |
|
|
|
(22,159 |
) |
|
|
5.93 |
|
|
|
(192,612 |
) |
|
|
9.42 |
|
Forfeited or expired |
|
|
(533,429 |
) |
|
|
9.87 |
|
|
|
(507,255 |
) |
|
|
12.16 |
|
|
|
(976,743 |
) |
|
|
11.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year |
|
|
2,121,947 |
|
|
$ |
11.33 |
|
|
|
1,592,533 |
|
|
$ |
11.12 |
|
|
|
1,362,678 |
|
|
$ |
9.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) |
|
Options to purchase 132,000 shares of common stock were granted to non-employee directors
during 2007. The weighted average exercise price was $8.50. |
F-28
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
Generally, options granted under our stock incentive plans vest at rates of 25% to 50% of the
shares underlying the option after one year and the remaining shares vest in equal portions over
the following 4 to 12 quarters, such that all shares are vested after two to four years. Options
granted to non-employee directors will vest as to 25% of the shares underlying the option on each
anniversary of the option grant.
As of December 31, 2007, options to purchase 1,129,933 shares of common stock were available
for grant under the 2000 Plan.
2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Companys 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the ESPP) was adopted by the Companys
Board of Directors and sole stockholder in July 2002. The ESPP is intended to qualify as an
Employee Stock Purchase Plan under Section 423 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code and is intended
to provide the Companys employees with an opportunity to purchase shares of common stock through
payroll deductions. At the annual meeting of stockholders held on July 18, 2006, the stockholders
voted to increase the number of shares of common stock from 1,000,000 to 1,500,000. Accordingly,
an aggregate of 1,500,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event of future
stock splits, future stock dividends or other similar changes in the common stock or the Companys
capital structure) have been reserved for issuance and as of December 31, 2007, 386,542 shares were
available for future issuance under the ESPP. In 2005, 2006 and 2007, the Company issued 292,433,
320,537 and 205,710 shares of common stock to employees under the ESPP for consideration of $1,386,
$1,374 and $897, respectively.
All of the Companys employees who are regularly employed for more than five months in any
calendar year and work 20 hours or more per week are eligible to participate in the ESPP.
Non-employee directors, consultants, and employees subject to the rules or laws of a foreign
jurisdiction that prohibit or make impractical their participation in an employee stock purchase
plan are not eligible to participate in the ESPP.
The plan designates offer periods, purchase periods and exercise dates. Offer periods
generally will be overlapping periods of 24 months. Purchase periods generally will be six-month
periods. Exercise dates are the last day of each purchase period. In the event the Company merges
with or into another corporation, sells all or substantially all of the Companys assets, or enters
into other transactions in which all of the Companys stockholders before the transaction own less
than 50% of the total combined voting power of the Companys outstanding securities following the
transaction, the Companys Board of Directors or a committee designated by the board may elect to
shorten the offer period then in progress.
The price per share at which shares of common stock are to be purchased under the ESPP during
any purchase period is the lesser of:
|
|
|
85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of the grant of the
option, which is the commencement of the offer period; or |
|
|
|
|
85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the exercise date, which is the
last day of a purchase period. |
F-29
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
The participants purchase right is exercised in this manner on each exercise date arising in
the offer period unless, on the first day of any purchase period, the fair market value of the
common stock is lower than the fair market value of the common stock on the first day of the offer
period. If so, the participants participation in the original offer period will be terminated,
and the participant will automatically be enrolled in the new offer period effective the same date.
The ESPP is administered by the Board of Directors or a committee designated by the Companys
board, which will have the authority to terminate or amend the plan, subject to specified
restrictions, and otherwise to administer and resolve all questions relating to the administration
of the plan.
In accordance with SFAS 123(R), the ESPP is a compensatory plan and as such results in the
recognition of compensation expense. For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, the Company
recognized $332 and $353, respectively, of compensation expense in connection with the ESPP.
d. Dividend policy:
The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its capital stock and does not
anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
NOTE 9: GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND MAJOR CUSTOMER DATA
a. Summary information about geographic areas:
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information, established standards for reporting information about
operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which
separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating
decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company
manages its business on a basis of one reportable segment: the licensing of intellectual property
to semiconductor companies and electronic equipment manufacturers (see Note 1 for a brief
description of the Companys business). The following is a summary of operations within geographic
areas:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Revenues based on customer location: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
$ |
12,545 |
|
|
$ |
11,657 |
|
|
$ |
6,937 |
|
Europe, Middle East and Africa |
|
|
7,890 |
|
|
|
11,670 |
|
|
|
11,477 |
|
Asia Pacific (1) |
|
|
15,201 |
|
|
|
9,178 |
|
|
|
14,797 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
35,636 |
|
|
$ |
32,505 |
|
|
$ |
33,211 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) Japan |
|
$ |
4,969 |
|
|
$ |
3,070 |
|
|
$ |
4,375 |
|
F-30
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Long-lived assets by geographic region: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
$ |
39,986 |
|
|
$ |
41,012 |
|
|
$ |
36,542 |
|
Ireland |
|
|
1,193 |
|
|
|
253 |
|
|
|
336 |
|
Israel |
|
|
1,615 |
|
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
1,261 |
|
Other |
|
|
290 |
|
|
|
93 |
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
43,084 |
|
|
$ |
42,638 |
|
|
$ |
38,177 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b. Major customer data as a percentage of total revenues:
The following table sets forth the customers that represented 10% or more of the Companys net
revenue in each of the periods set forth below;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Customer A |
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer B |
|
|
|
|
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Customer C |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17 |
% |
Customer D |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
% |
Customer E |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
% |
The identity of the Companys greater-than-10% customers varies from period-to-period, and the
Company does not believe that it is materially dependent on any one specific customer or any
specific small number of licensees.
c. Information about Products and Services:
Sales of the Companys Ceva-X family of products and services generated 21%, 21% and 19% of
its revenues for 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Sales of the Companys Ceva-TeakLite family of
products and services generated 16%, 41% and 45% of its revenues for 2005, 2006 and 2007,
respectively. Sales of the Companys Ceva-Teak family of products and services generated 17%, 10%
and 16% of its revenues for 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. The Company expects these products
will continue to generate a significant portion of its revenue for 2008. The remaining amount
consists of other families of products and services that represented each less than 15% of total
revenues.
F-31
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
NOTE 10: SELECTED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA
Financial income, net;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income and gains from marketable securities |
|
$ |
1,711 |
|
|
$ |
2,770 |
|
|
$ |
3,173 |
|
Foreign exchange gain (loss) |
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
(150 |
) |
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,820 |
|
|
$ |
2,620 |
|
|
$ |
3,211 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on realization of investment (See Note 1i.) |
|
$ |
1,507 |
|
|
$ |
57 |
|
|
$ |
425 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE 11: TAXES ON INCOME
a. A number of the Companys operating subsidiaries are taxed at rates lower than U.S. rates.
1. Irish Subsidiaries
The Irish operating subsidiary currently qualifies for a 10% tax rate, which under
current legislation will remain in force until December 31, 2010. Another Irish subsidiary
qualifies for an exemption from income tax as their revenue source is license fees from
qualifying patents within the meaning of Section 140 of the Irish Taxes Consolidation Act
1997.
2. Israeli Subsidiary
A. Tax benefits under the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959
(Investment Law):
According to the Investment Law, CEVAs Israeli subsidiary is entitled to various
tax benefits by virtue of the approved enterprise and/or benefited enterprise
status granted to part of its enterprises, as defined by this law.
According to the provisions of the Investment Law, CEVAs Israeli subsidiary has
elected the alternative benefits track the waiver of grants in return for tax
exemption and, accordingly, it is tax-exempt for a period of two or four years
commencing with the year it first earns taxable income, and subject to corporate taxes
at the reduced rate of 10% to 25%, depending upon the level of foreign ownership of
the Company, for an additional period of up to a total of six or eight years from when
the tax exemption ends.
The period of tax benefits, detailed above, is limited to the earlier of 12 years
from the commencement of production, or 14 years from the approval date (except for
the tax-exempt period of two years which is unlimited).
CEVAs Israeli subsidiarys first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth plans
under Approved Enterprises commenced operations in 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2002, and
2004, respectively. The second plan was tax exempt for four years from the first year
it has taxable income and is entitled to a reduced corporate tax rate of 10%-25%
(based on the percentage of foreign ownership) for an additional period of six years.
The other plans are tax exempt for two years from the first year they have taxable
income and are entitled to a reduced corporate tax rate of 10%-25% (based on the
percentage of foreign ownership) for an additional period of eight years. The tax
benefit under the first plan has expired.
F-32
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
On April 1, 2005, an amendment to the Investment Law came into effect (the
Amendment) and has significantly changed the provisions of the Investment Law. The
Amendment included revisions to the criteria for investments qualified to receive tax
benefits as an Approved Enterprise. The Amendment applies to new investment programs
and investment programs commencing after 2004, and does not apply to investment
programs approved prior to December 31, 2004, and therefore benefits included in any
certificate of approval that was granted before the Amendment came into effect will
remain subject to the provisions of the Investment Law as they were on the date of
such approval.
The Amendment simplifies the approval process for the Approved Enterprise. As a
result of the Amendment, it is no longer necessary for a company to approach the
Investment Center in order to receive the tax benefits previously available under the
Alternative Route, and rather, a company may claim the tax benefits offered by the
Investment Law directly in its tax returns or by notifying the Israeli Tax Authority
within 12 months from the end of that year (the year of election), provided that its
facilities meet the criteria for tax benefits set out by the Amendment (the Benefited
Enterprise).
CEVAs Israeli subsidiarys seventh Benefited Enterprise program (commenced in
2007) will be subject to the provisions of the Amendment.
The principal benefits by virtue of the Investment Law are:
X. Tax benefits and reduced tax rates:
Since CEVAs Israeli subsidiary is operating under more than one approval,
its effective tax rate is the result of a weighted combination of the various
applicable rates.
The Companys Board of Directors has determined that tax-exempt income
earned by the Israeli subsidiarys Approved Enterprise programs will not be
distributed as dividends, and the Israeli subsidiary intends to reinvest the
amount of its tax exempt income. Accordingly, no deferred income taxes have
been provided on income attributable to the Israeli subsidiarys Approved
Enterprise programs as the undistributed tax exempt income is essentially
permanent in duration.
In the event CEVA distributes a dividend out of the retained tax exempt
profits, such profits will be subject to corporate tax in the year the dividend
is distributed, in respect of the gross amount of the dividend distributed and
at a rate that would have been applicable had the Company not elected the
Alternative Route (10%-25%, depending on the level of foreign investment in the
company). In addition, the dividend recipient is subject to tax at a reduced
rate of 15% applicable to dividends from Approved Enterprises, if the
dividend is distributed during the exemption period or within 12 years
thereafter. This tax must be withheld by CEVA at the source. However, in the
event that the Company qualifies as a Foreign Investors Company, there would be
no such limitation.
As a result of the Amendment, tax-exempt income generated from a
Benefited Enterprise under the provisions of the Amendment will subject the
Company to taxes upon distribution or liquidation, and the Company may be
required to record deferred tax liability with respect to such tax-exempt
income. As of December 31, 2007, the Company generated income under the
provisions of the Investment Law which in a case of distribution or liquidation
of the Israeli subsidiary would result in the Israeli subsidiary being taxed at
the reduced corporate tax rate of 10% which in turn will generate tax
liabilities of $79.
The Companys board of directors has determined that it will not
distribute any amounts of its undistributed tax-exempt income as dividend. The
Company intends to reinvest its tax-exempt income and not to distribute such
income as a dividend. Accordingly, no deferred income taxes have been provided
on income attributable to the Companys Approved Enterprise and Benefited
Enterprise programs as the undistributed tax exempt income is essentially
permanent in duration.
F-33
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
Income from sources other than the Approved Enterprise and Benefited
Enterprise programs during the benefit period will be subject to tax at the
statutory corporate tax rate.
Tax benefits are available under the Amendment to production facilities,
which generally are required to derive more than 25% of their business income
from export. In order to receive the tax benefits under the Amendment, a
company must make an investment in the Benefited Enterprise exceeding a certain
percentage or a minimum amount specified in the Investment Law.
Y. Accelerated depreciation:
Under the Investment Law, CEVAs Israeli subsidiary is entitled to claim
accelerated rates of depreciation on its property and equipment that are included in
the Approved Enterprise programs during the first five tax years of the assets
operation.
Conditions for the entitlement to the benefits:
The entitlement to the above benefits is conditioned upon the Companys
fulfillment of the conditions stipulated by the Investment Law, regulations published
thereunder and the criteria set forth in the specific certificate of approvals. In
the event of the Companys failure to comply with these conditions, the benefits may
be canceled, the income generated from the Approved Enterprise programs could be
subject to corporate tax in Israel at the standard corporate tax rate (29% for 2007)
and CEVAs Israeli subsidiary will be required to refund tax benefits already received
plus a consumer price index linkage adjustment and interest.
Management believes that as of December 31, 2007, CEVAs Israeli subsidiary met
all of the aforementioned conditions.
B. Israeli corporate tax structure:
In June 2004, an amendment to the Income Tax Ordinance (No. 140 and Temporary
Provision), 2004 was passed by the Knesset (Israeli parliament) and on July 25, 2005,
another law was passed, the amendment to the Income Tax Ordinance (No. 147) 2005, according
to which the corporate tax rate is to be progressively reduced to the following tax rates:
2004 35%, 2005 34%, 2006 31%, 2007 29%, 2008 27%, 2009 26%, 2010 and thereafter -
25%. Capital gains will be subject to tax of 25%.
C. Final tax assessments:
CEVAs Israeli subsidiary has received final tax assessments through 2003.
b. The provision for income taxes is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Domestic taxes: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current |
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
17 |
|
|
$ |
52 |
|
Foreign taxes: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current |
|
|
694 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
716 |
|
Deferred |
|
|
(697 |
) |
|
|
(103 |
) |
|
|
(321 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Taxes on income |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(88 |
) |
|
$ |
447 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before taxes on income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Domestic |
|
$ |
(1,879 |
) |
|
$ |
(939 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,123 |
) |
Foreign |
|
|
(387 |
) |
|
|
753 |
|
|
|
3,861 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(2,266 |
) |
|
$ |
(186 |
) |
|
$ |
1,738 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-34
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
c. Reconciliation between the Companys effective tax rate and the U.S. statutory rate:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Income (loss) before taxes on income |
|
$ |
(2,266 |
) |
|
$ |
(186 |
) |
|
$ |
1,738 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Theoretical tax at U.S. statutory rate-35% |
|
|
(794 |
) |
|
|
(65 |
) |
|
|
608 |
|
Foreign income taxes at rates other than U.S. rate |
|
|
217 |
|
|
|
(88 |
) |
|
|
(962 |
) |
Non-deductible items |
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
707 |
|
|
|
1,554 |
|
Valuation allowance |
|
|
1,222 |
|
|
|
(924 |
) |
|
|
(810 |
) |
Other |
|
|
(672 |
) |
|
|
282 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Taxes on income |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(88 |
) |
|
$ |
447 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
d. Deferred taxes on income:
Deferred taxes on income reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used
for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Companys deferred tax assets are as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Operating loss carryforward |
|
$ |
9,941 |
|
|
$ |
9,065 |
|
|
$ |
8,272 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
|
511 |
|
|
|
481 |
|
|
|
540 |
|
Temporary differences related to R&D expenses |
|
|
722 |
|
|
|
812 |
|
|
|
1,088 |
|
Other |
|
|
158 |
|
|
|
153 |
|
|
|
122 |
|
Valuation allowance |
|
|
(10,440 |
) |
|
|
(9,516 |
) |
|
|
(8,706 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at the end of the year (*) |
|
$ |
892 |
|
|
$ |
995 |
|
|
$ |
1,316 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) |
|
Deferred tax for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 was only from a foreign jurisdiction. |
F-35
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
The Company and its subsidiaries provide valuation allowances in respect of deferred tax
assets resulting principally from the carryforward of tax losses. Management currently believes
that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax regarding the carryforward of losses and
certain accrued expenses will not be realized in the foreseeable future. The Company does not have
a provision for U.S. Federal income taxes on the undistributed earnings of its international
subsidiaries because such earnings are re-invested and, in the opinion of management, will continue
to be re-invested indefinitely.
e. Separation from DSPG:
As part of the incorporation of the Company in November 2002 (see Note 1), DSPG obtained a tax
ruling for the tax-exempt split plan pursuant to section 105A(a) to the Israeli Income Tax
Ordinance (section 105). According to the ruling provisions, CEVAs Israeli subsidiary is
restricted to a minimum investment in Israel, of 50% of total capital.
f. Tax loss carryforwards:
As of December 31, 2007, CEVA and its subsidiaries had net operating loss carryforwards for
U.S. Federal income tax purposes of approximately $2,921, which are available to offset future U.S.
taxable income. Such loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2023. As of December 31, 2007, CEVA
and its subsidiaries had foreign operating losses of approximately $70,567, principally in Ireland,
which are available to offset future taxable income. Such foreign operating losses can be carried
forward indefinitely for tax purposes. Full valuation allowance was provided in relation to those
carryforward tax losses due to the uncertainty of their utilization in the foreseeable future.
NOTE 12: REORGANIZATION, RESTRUCTURING AND SEVERANCE CHARGE
The Companys management and Board of Directors approved certain reorganization and
restructuring plans in 2005, which resulted in a total charge of $3,200. The charge arose in
connection with the Companys decision to restructure its corporate management, reduce overhead and
consolidate its activities. The charges included severance charges and employee-related
liabilities arising in connection with a head-count reduction of employees and a provision for
future operating lease charges on idle facilities, one of which was the Companys facilities in
Dublin, Ireland, known as the Harcourt lease. The Harcourt lease provided for an aggregate annual
rental of 888 Euro (approximately $1,300) and expired in 2021. Of the total charge of $3,200 in
2005, the portion of the restructuring reserve related to the Harcourt lease was $1,700. With
respect to assessing the charges for under-utilized leased properties, the Company is required to
make and review certain estimates and assumptions on a quarterly basis. In determining such
estimates and assumptions, management takes into account current market conditions and the
Companys ability to either exit a particular under-utilized lease property or sub-let the
property, all in accordance with SFAS No. 146. If an exit strategy in respect of a leased property
is appropriate, the under-utilized building operating lease charge is calculated taking into
consideration the surrender value given the underlying market conditions.
F-36
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
Otherwise, the under-utilized building
operating lease charge is calculated on a sub-let basis by taking into consideration (1) the
committed annual rental charge associated with the vacant square footage, (2) an assessment of the
sublet rents that could be achieved based on current market conditions, vacancy rates and future
outlook, (3) the estimated periods that facilities would be empty before being sublet, (4) an
assessment of the percentage increases in the primary lease rent and the sublease rent at each
five-year rent review, and (5) the application of a discount rate over the remaining period of the
lease based on projected interest rates.
Throughout 2006, the Company continued exit negotiations with the Harcourt landlord to
terminate the lease, which negotiations commenced in September 2005. At December 31, 2005, the
provision for this under-utilized property was approximately $3,000 (including legal and
professional fees). At December 31, 2006, the provision for under-utilized operating lease
obligations was determined in accordance with an exit strategy. There was no additional
restructuring charge to the statement of operations relating to the Harcourt lease during 2006
(approximately $760 was accrued as expenses under other liabilities, of which approximately $270 was paid in 2006).
In July 2007, the Harcourt landlord initiated legal proceedings against the Company for full
payment of rent for the period from July 2006 to September 2007, including interest on arrears.
The Company paid an amount equal to approximately $1,500 (of which approximately $800 was included
in accrued expenses under restructuring and approximately $700 was included in accrued expenses
under other liabilities) representing the full rent payments for the said period and various
associated legal fees, as well as payment of late interest charges in the amount of approximately
$200. Subsequently, the legal proceedings against the Company were dropped. During the third
quarter of 2007, the Company re-initiated exit negotiations with the Harcourt landlord. At
December 31, 2007, the Company concluded that we had no assurance whether, and if so when, the exit
negotiations would result in a lease termination. Pursuant to a sublet strategy in accordance with
SFAS No. 146, as of December 31, 2007, the portion of the restructuring reserve related to the
Harcourt lease was $2,231. There was no additional restructuring charge to the statement of
operations relating to the Harcourt lease during 2007 (approximately
$200 was accrued as expenses
under other liabilities).
On January 18, 2008, the Company signed an assignment agreement with the Harcourt landlord for
the surrender and termination of the Harcourt lease. The Company paid approximately $5,700 to the
landlord for the termination. This amount will be recorded as cash outflow in the first quarter of
2008. As a result of the lease termination, the Company will update its restructuring accrual
accordingly in the first quarter of 2008.
As of December 31, 2007, $143 of the restructuring reserve were related to another unused
space in Ireland for the period until March 2010.
The major components of the restructuring and other charges are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Under-utilized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
building operating |
|
|
Legal and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
lease obligations |
|
|
professional fees |
|
|
Total |
|
Balance as of December 31, 2005 |
|
$ |
2,884 |
|
|
$ |
330 |
|
|
$ |
3,214 |
|
Effect of exchange rate |
|
|
315 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
315 |
|
Cash outlays |
|
|
(223 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(223 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2006 (1) |
|
$ |
2,976 |
|
|
$ |
330 |
|
|
$ |
3,306 |
|
Effect of exchange rate |
|
|
292 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
292 |
|
Reallocation |
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
(100 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Cash outlays |
|
|
(1,224 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,224 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2007 (1) |
|
$ |
2,144 |
|
|
$ |
230 |
|
|
$ |
2,374 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The legal and professional fees were related to the under-utilized building. |
F-37
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short Term Restructuring accruals (see Note 7) |
|
|
1,609 |
|
|
|
868 |
|
Long Term Restructuring accruals |
|
$ |
1,697 |
|
|
$ |
1,506 |
|
NOTE 13: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
a. Directors who are not employees of CEVA (other than the Chairman) are entitled to an annual
retainer of $30, payable in quarterly installments of $7.5 each. The Chairman receives an annual
retainer of $60, payable in quarterly installments of $15 each. The retainer contemplates
attendance at four board meetings per year. Committee meetings of a face-to-face nature and on a
telephonic basis are compensated at the rate of $1 per meeting. All directors are reimbursed for
expenses incurred in connection with attending board and committee meetings. Directors are
eligible to participate in the Companys stock option plans.
b. On July 1, 1996, one of CEVAs Irish subsidiaries entered into a property lease agreement
with Veton Properties Limited to lease office space in Dublin, Ireland. The lease term was 25
years from July 1, 1996 and the current annual rental payment was approximately 888 Euro ($1,300).
Peter McManamon, the Chairman of the Companys Board of Directors, is a minority stockholder of
Veton Properties Limited. On January 18, 2008, the Company made a payment of approximately $5,700
to surrender and terminate the lease, which will be recorded as cash outflow in the first quarter
of 2008 (for more details see Note 12).
c. One of the Companys directors, Bruce Mann, is a partner of Morrison & Foerster LLP, the
Companys outside legal counsel. Fees paid to Morrison & Foerster LLP during the years ended
December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 was $57, $499 and $266, respectively. The increase in 2006 was
mainly due to legal services provided by Morrison & Foerster LLP relating to the divestment of the
Companys GPS technology and associated business to GloNav. The accounts receivable balances with
Morrison & Foerster LLP at December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 were $0, $0 and $2, respectively.
NOTE 14: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
a. The Company is not a party to any litigation or other legal proceedings that the Company
believes could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Companys business,
results of operations and financial condition.
b. As of December 31, 2007, the Company and its subsidiaries had several non-cancelable
operating leases, of which one expires in 2021, primarily for facilities, equipment and vehicles.
These leases generally contain renewal options and require the Company and its subsidiaries to pay
all executory costs such as maintenance and insurance.
Rent expense for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, were $2,150, $1,716
and $1,097, respectively.
F-38
CEVA, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(in thousands, except share data)
As of December 31, 2007, future purchase obligations and minimum rental commitments for
leasehold properties and operating leases with non-cancelable terms in excess of one year are as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minimum rental |
|
|
|
payments |
|
2008 |
|
$ |
3,729 |
|
2009 |
|
|
2,595 |
|
2010 |
|
|
2,185 |
|
2011 |
|
|
1,515 |
|
2012 and thereafter |
|
|
12,973 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
22,997 |
|
|
|
|
|
The future minimum rental commitments include payments to one of the Companys property in
Dublin, Ireland, known as the Harcourt Street lease, which provided for an aggregate annual rental
of approximately $1,300 and expired in 2021. On January 18, 2008, the Company made a payment of
approximately $5,700 to surrender and terminate the Harcourt Street lease. This amount will be
recorded as cash outflow in the first quarter of 2008 (see Note 12). Total minimum rental payments
for the Companys current leasehold properties, excluding the Harcourt Street property post its
termination, are approximately $4,800.
c. Royalties:
The Company participated in programs sponsored by the Israeli government for the support of
research and development activities. Through December 31, 2007, the Company had obtained grants
from the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Israeli Ministry of Industry and Trade (the OCS)
aggregating $1,391 for certain of the Companys research and development projects. The Company is
obligated to pay royalties to the OCS, amounting to 3%-3.5% of the sales of the products and other
related revenues (based on the U.S. dollar) generated from such projects, up to 100% of the grants
received. For grants received after January 1, 1999, the royalty payment obligations also bear
interest at the LIBOR rate. The obligation to pay these royalties is contingent on actual sales of
the products and in the absence of such sales no payment is required.
Through December 31, 2007, the Company has paid or accrued royalties to the OCS in the amount
of $908. As of December 31, 2007, the aggregate contingent liability to the OCS amounted to $717.
F-39
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the Registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CEVA, INC. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
|
/S/ Gideon Wertheizer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gideon Wertheizer |
|
|
|
|
Chief Executive Officer |
March 14, 2008
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and
appoints Gideon Wertheizer and Yaniv Arieli or either of them, his true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and re-substitution, for him and in
his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign any and all amendments to this Annual
Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in
connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and
every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all
intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that
said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or either of them, or their or his substitutes or substitute,
may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report on Form 10-K
has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities
and on the dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/S/ Gideon Wertheizer
Gideon Wertheizer
|
|
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/S/ Yaniv Arieli
Yaniv Arieli
|
|
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/S/ Peter Mcmanamon
Peter McManamon
|
|
Director and Chairman
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/S/ Eliyahu Ayalon
Eliyahu Ayalon
|
|
Director
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/S/ Bruce Mann
Bruce Mann
|
|
Director
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/S/ Sven-Christer-Nilsson
Sven-Christer Nilsson
|
|
Director
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/S/ Louis SIlver
Louis Silver
|
|
Director
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/S/ Dan Tocatly
Dan Tocatly
|
|
Director
|
|
March 14, 2008 |
CEVA, INC.
SCHEDULE II VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
beginning of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end |
|
|
|
period |
|
|
Additions |
|
|
Deduction (1) |
|
|
of period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
682 |
|
|
$ |
186 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
868 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
667 |
|
|
$ |
15 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
682 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
813 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
146 |
|
|
$ |
667 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Actual write-offs of uncollectible accounts receivables |
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
2.1(1)
|
|
Combination Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2002, among DSP Group, Inc., the Registrant and CEVA
Technologies Limited (formerly Parthus Technologies plc) |
|
|
|
2.2(2)
|
|
Amendment No. 1 to Combination Agreement, dated as of August 29, 2002, among DSP Group, Inc., the
Registrant and CEVA Technologies Limited (formerly Parthus Technologies plc) |
|
|
|
3.1(1)
|
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant |
|
|
|
3.2(3)
|
|
Certificate of Ownership and Merger (merging CEVA, Inc. into ParthusCeva, Inc.) |
|
|
|
3.3(7)
|
|
Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant |
|
|
|
3.4(8)
|
|
Bylaws Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant |
|
|
|
3.5(9)
|
|
Bylaws Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant |
|
|
|
3.6(10)
|
|
Bylaws Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant |
|
|
|
3.7(11)
|
|
Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant |
|
|
|
4.1(2)
|
|
Specimen of Common Stock Certificate |
|
|
|
10.1(4)
|
|
Separation Agreement among DSP Group, Inc., DSP Group, Ltd., the Registrant, CEVA Technologies, Inc.
(formerly DSP CEVA, Inc.) and CEVA D.S.P. Ltd. (formerly Corage, Ltd.) dated as of November 1, 2002 |
|
|
|
10.2(4)
|
|
Tax Indemnification and Allocation Agreement between DSP Group, Inc. and the Registrant dated as of
November 1, 2002 |
|
|
|
10.3(4)
|
|
Technology Transfer Agreement between DSP Group, Inc. and the Registrant dated as of November 1, 2002 |
|
|
|
10.4(4)
|
|
Technology Transfer Agreement between DSP Group, Ltd. and CEVA D.S.P. Ltd. (formerly Corage, Ltd.) dated
as of November 1, 2002 |
|
|
|
10.5(4)
|
|
Technology Transfer Agreement between CEVA Technologies, Inc. (formerly DSP CEVA, Inc.) and the
Registrant dated as of November 1, 2002 |
|
|
|
10.6*
|
|
CEVA, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan |
|
|
|
10.7*
|
|
CEVA, Inc. 2002 Stock Incentive Plan |
|
|
|
10.8(13)
|
|
CEVA, Inc. 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan |
|
|
|
10.9*
|
|
CEVA, Inc. 2003 Director Stock Option Plan |
|
|
|
10.10*
|
|
Parthus 2000 Share Option Plan |
|
|
|
10.13(1)
|
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement |
|
|
|
10.17(4)
|
|
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Gideon Wertheizer dated as of November 1, 2002 |
|
|
|
10.18(4)
|
|
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Issachar Ohana dated as of November 1, 2002 |
|
|
|
10.19(7)
|
|
Lease dated November 8, 1996 with Veton Properties Limited, as amended by an Assignment dated May 16,
2003 and Memorandum of Rent Review dated as of May 23, 2003 |
|
|
|
10.20(12)
|
|
Personal and Special Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Yaniv Arieli dated as of August 18,
2005 |
|
|
|
10.21(14)
|
|
CEVA, Inc. 2006 Executive Bonus Plan |
|
|
|
10.21(15)
|
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the CEVA, Inc. 2002 Stock Incentive Plan |
|
|
|
10.22(15)
|
|
Form of Israeli Stock Option Agreement under the CEVA, Inc. 2002 Stock Incentive Plan |
|
|
|
10.21(15)
|
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the CEVA, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan |
|
|
|
10.22(15)
|
|
Form of Israeli Stock Option Agreement under the CEVA, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan |
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
10.23(15) |
|
Form of Option Agreement under the CEVA, Inc. 2003 Director Stock Option Plan |
|
|
|
10.24(16)
|
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement for Directors under the CEVA, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan |
|
|
|
10.25(16)
|
|
Yaniv Arielis Amended and Restated Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement under the CEVA, Inc. 2002 Stock
Incentive Plan, dated as of August 1, 2007 |
|
|
|
10.26(16)
|
|
CEVA, Inc. 2007 Executive Bonus Plan |
|
|
|
10.27(17)
|
|
Amendment, dated July 22, 2003, to the Employment Agreement by and between Issachar Ohana and CEVA, Inc.,
dated November 1, 2002 |
|
|
|
10.28(18)
|
|
Amendment, effective as of November 1, 2007, to the Employment Agreement by and between Issachar Ohana
and CEVA, Inc., dated November 1, 2002 and as amended on July 22, 2003 |
|
|
|
10.29(19)
|
|
Assignment of Leasehold Interest, dated January 18, 2008, by and between CEVA Ireland Limited and Ivor
Fitzpatrick. |
|
|
|
21.1*
|
|
Subsidiaries of the Registrant |
|
|
|
23.1*
|
|
Consent of Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of Ernst & Young Global |
|
|
|
24.1*
|
|
Power of Attorney (See signature
page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K) |
|
|
|
31.1*
|
|
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
|
31.2*
|
|
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
|
32*
|
|
Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs registration statement on Form 10, as amended, initially filed
with the Commission on June 3, 2002 (registration number 000-49842), and incorporated herein
by reference. |
|
(2) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs registration statement on Form S-1, as amended, initially filed
with the Commission on July 30, 2002 (registration number 333-97353), and incorporated herein
by reference. |
|
(3) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on December 8,
2003, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(4) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Commission on
March 28, 2003, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(5) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A, filed with the Commission on
August 12, 2003, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(6) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to the registration statement on Form S-8 of Parthus Technologies plc,
filed with the Commission on June 6, 2000 (registration number 333-12090), and incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
(7) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs 2003 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Commission on
March 12, 2004, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(8) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Commission on May
7, 2004, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(9) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on January 31,
2005, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(10) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on June 10, 2005,
and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(11) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on July 22, 2005,
and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(12) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Commission on
November 9, 2005, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(13) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Commission on May
10, 2006, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(14) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on May 30, 2006,
and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(15) |
|
Filed as an exhibit to CEVAs Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Commission on
August 9, 2006, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(16) |
|
Filed as an exhibit of the same number to CEVAs Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 9, 2007, and incorporated hereby by
reference. |
|
(17) |
|
Filed as Exhibit 10.27 to CEVAs Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on November 9, 2007, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
(18) |
|
Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to CEVAs Current Report on
Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on November 7, 2007, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
|
|
(19) |
|
Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to CEVAs Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on January 18, 2008, and incorporated hereby by reference. |
|
|
|
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit
pursuant to Item 15(c) of Form 10-K. |
|
* |
|
Filed herewith. |