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Email Notification Setup Form
Work Order Number: 24215

From Address: PutnamInvestments@proxydirectmail.com
Reply to Address: internetresponse@computershare.com

Subject: REMINDER: We need your vote

Email body:

Dear Shareholder:

In December you received an email letting you know that the proxy materials for the Putnam Funds Shareholder Meeting, scheduled for February 27, 2014, were available online. Our records show that we have not yet received your vote. Please take a moment to vote on these important matters. Your prompt vote will reduce the need for any additional reminders. Please read the proxy materials by clicking here. [https://www.proxy-direct.com/put-25215] You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader. [http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html]

We appreciate your prompt response as it can help keep fund administrative expenses as low as possible.

Vote your proxy online

Voting your proxy online is convenient. Just click on the following links:

Fund: xxxxxx
Control number: xxxxxxxxxx
Security code: xxxxxx
Click here to vote

Fund: xxxxxx
Control number: xxxxxxxxxx
Security code: xxxxxx
Click here to vote

You can also go to http://www.proxy-direct.com and enter your control number and security code exactly as they appear above. If multiple control numbers and security codes appear, you will need to vote each individually in order for your vote to be captured on all accounts. Please note that there is no charge for you to vote via this service, though you may incur costs associated with electronic access, such as usage.

If you have questions about the proposals, please call a customer service representative at 1-866-963-5821, or contact your financial advisor.

We appreciate your attention to this important matter.