e10vk
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ___ to ___
Commission File Number: 000-50058
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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75-3078675 |
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(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
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120 Corporate Boulevard, Norfolk, Virginia
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23502 |
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(Address of principal executive offices)
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(Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (888) 772-7326
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
(Title of Class)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act. YES þ NO o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section
13 or Section 15 (d) of the Act. YES o NO þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES þ NO
o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation
S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment of this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer,
an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large
accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer þ Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
YES o NO þ
The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant
as of June 30, 2006 was $706,688,211 based on the $45.70 closing price as reported on the NASDAQ
Global Stock Market.
The number of shares of the registrants Common Stock outstanding as of February 14, 2007 was
15,990,932.
Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of the Proxy Statement to be filed by April 30,
2007 for our 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Items 11, 12
and 13 of Part III of this Form 10-K.
Table of Contents
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Part I |
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Item 1. Business |
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4 |
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Item 1A. Risk Factors |
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18 |
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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments |
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24 |
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Item 2. Properties |
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24 |
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Item 3. Legal Proceedings |
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24 |
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Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Securityholders |
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25 |
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Part II |
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Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters
and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
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25 |
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data |
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27 |
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Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations |
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30 |
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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk |
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46 |
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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
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47 |
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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure |
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72 |
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Item 9A. Controls and Procedures |
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72 |
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Item 9B. Other Information |
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72 |
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Part III |
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Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant |
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73 |
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Item 11. Executive Compensation |
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75 |
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Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and
Related Stockholder Matters |
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75 |
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Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions |
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75 |
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Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services |
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76 |
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Part IV |
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Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules |
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77 |
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Signatures |
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79 |
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Exhibit List |
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2
Cautionary Statements Pursuant to Safe Harbor Provisions of the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995:
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities
laws. These forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that, if they
never materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ materially from those
expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. All statements, other than statements of
historical fact, are forward-looking statements, including statements regarding overall trends,
operating cost trends, liquidity and capital needs and other statements of expectations, beliefs,
future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends, and similar expressions concerning
matters that are not historical facts. The risks, uncertainties and assumptions referred to above
may include the following:
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our ability to purchase defaulted consumer receivables at appropriate prices; |
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changes in the business practices of credit originators in terms of selling defaulted
consumer receivables or outsourcing defaulted consumer receivables to third-party
contingent fee collection agencies; |
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changes in government regulations that affect our ability to collect sufficient amounts
on our acquired or serviced receivables; |
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changes in bankruptcy laws that could negatively affect our business; |
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our ability to employ and retain qualified employees, especially collection personnel; |
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changes in the credit or capital markets, which affect our ability to borrow money or
raise capital to purchase or service defaulted consumer receivables; |
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the degree and nature of our competition; |
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our future ability to comply with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and
the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; |
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our ability to successfully integrate our IGS and Alatax/RDS businesses (we refer to
these businesses in this document as IGS and RDS, respectively) into our business
operations; |
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our ability to secure sufficient levels of placements for our fee-for-service
businesses; |
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the sufficiency of our funds generated from operations, existing cash and available
borrowings to finance our current operations; and |
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the risk factors listed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the SEC). |
You should assume that the information appearing in this annual report is accurate only as of
the date it was issued. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may
have changed since that date.
For a discussion of the risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could affect our future
events, developments or results, you should carefully review the Risk Factors described
beginning on page 18, as well as Business beginning on page 4 and Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations beginning on page 30.
Our forward-looking statements could be wrong in light of these and other risks, uncertainties
and assumptions. The future events, developments or results described in this report could turn out
to be materially different. We have no obligation to publicly update or revise our forward-looking
statements after the date of this annual report and you should not expect us to do so.
Investors should also be aware that while we do, from time to time, communicate with
securities analysts and others, we do not, by policy, selectively disclose to them any material
nonpublic information or other confidential commercial information. Accordingly, stockholders
should not assume that we agree with any statement or report issued by any analyst regardless of
the content of the statement or report. We do not, by policy, confirm forecasts or projections
issued by others. Thus, to the extent that reports issued by securities analysts contain any
projections, forecasts or opinions, such reports are not our responsibility.
3
PART I
Item 1. Business.
General
We are a full-service provider of outsourced receivables management and related services. Our
primary business is the purchase, collection and management of portfolios of defaulted consumer
receivables. These are the unpaid obligations of individuals to credit originators, which include
banks, credit unions, consumer and auto finance companies and retail merchants. We also provide a
broad range of contingent and fee-based services, including collateral-location services for credit
originators via IGS, fee-based collections through Anchor Receivables Management (we refer to this
business in this document as ARM) and revenue administration, audit and debt discovery/recovery
services for government entities through RDS which we commenced after our acquisition of the assets
of Alatax, Inc. in July 2005. We believe that the strengths of our business are our sophisticated
approach to portfolio pricing and servicing, our emphasis on developing and retaining our
collection personnel, our sophisticated collections systems and procedures and our relationships
with many of the largest consumer lenders in the United States. Our proven ability to service
defaulted consumer receivables allows us to offer debt owners a complete outsourced solution to
address their defaulted consumer receivables. The defaulted consumer receivables we collect are
generally either purchased from sellers of defaulted consumer debt or are collected on behalf of
debt owners on a commission fee basis. We intend to continue to build on our strengths and grow
our business through the disciplined approach that has contributed to our success to date.
We use the following terminology throughout our reports: Cash Receipts refers to collections
on our owned portfolios together with commission income and sales of finance receivables. Cash
Collections refers to collections on our owned portfolios only, exclusive of commission income and
sales of finance receivables. Amortization Rate refers to cash collections applied to principal
as a percentage of total cash collections. Income Recognized on Finance Receivables refers to
income derived from our owned debt portfolios and is shown net of valuation allowances. Cash
Sales of Finance Receivables refers to the sales of our owned portfolios. Commissions refers to
fee income generated from our wholly-owned contingent fee and fee-for-service subsidiaries.
We specialize in receivables that have been charged-off by the credit originator. Because the
credit originator and/or other debt servicing companies have unsuccessfully attempted to collect
these receivables, we are able to purchase them at a substantial discount to their face value. From
our 1996 inception through December 31, 2006, we acquired 803 portfolios with a face value of $24.2
billion for $527.8 million, representing more than 11.4 million customer accounts. The success of
our business depends on our ability to purchase portfolios of defaulted consumer receivables at
appropriate valuations and to collect on those receivables effectively and efficiently. Since
inception, we have been able to collect at an average rate of 2.5 to 3.0 times our purchase price
for defaulted consumer receivables portfolios, as measured over a five to ten year period, which
has enabled us to generate increasing profits and positive cash flow.
We have achieved strong financial results since our formation, with cash collections growing
from $10.9 million in 1998 to $236.4 million in 2006. Total revenue has grown from $6.8 million in
1998 to $188.3 million in 2006, a compound annual growth rate of 51%. Similarly, pro forma net
income has grown from $402,000 in 1998 to net income of $44.5 million in 2006.
We were initially formed as Portfolio Recovery Associates, L.L.C., a Delaware limited
liability company, on March 20, 1996. Prior to the formation of Portfolio Recovery Associates,
Inc., members of our current management team played key roles in the development of a defaulted
consumer receivables acquisition and divestiture operation for Household Recovery Services, a
subsidiary of Household International, now owned by HSBC. In connection with our 2002 initial
public offering (our IPO), all of the membership units of Portfolio Recovery Associates, L.L.C.
were exchanged, simultaneously with the effectiveness of our registration statement, for a single
class of the common stock of Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc., a new Delaware corporation formed
on August 7, 2002. Accordingly, the members of Portfolio Recovery Associates, L.L.C. became the
common stockholders of Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc., which became the parent company of
Portfolio Recovery Associates, L.L.C. and its subsidiaries.
4
The Company maintains an Internet website at the following address: www.portfoliorecovery.com.
We make available on or through our website certain reports that we file with or furnish to
the SEC in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These include our annual reports on
Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and our current reports on Form 8-K. We make this
information available on our website free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after we
electronically file the information with or furnish it to the SEC. The information that is filed
with the SEC may be read or copied at the SECs Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE,
Washington, DC 20549. In addition, information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may
be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains
reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file
electronically with the SEC at: www.sec.gov.
Reports filed with or furnished to the SEC are also available free of charge upon request by
contacting our corporate office at:
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Attn: Investor Relations
120 Corporate Boulevard, Suite 100
Norfolk, Virginia 23502
Competitive Strengths
Complete Outsourced Solution for Debt Owners
We offer debt owners a complete outsourced solution to address their defaulted consumer
receivables. Depending on a debt owners timing and needs, we can either purchase their defaulted
consumer receivables, providing immediate cash, or service those receivables on their behalf for
either a fee-for-service or a commission fee, based on a percentage of our collections. We can
purchase or service receivables throughout the entire delinquency cycle, from receivables that have
only been processed for collection internally by the debt owner to receivables that have been
subject to multiple internal and external collection efforts. This flexibility helps us meet the
needs of debt owners and allows us to become a trusted resource. Furthermore, our strength across
multiple transaction and asset types provides the opportunity to cross-sell our services to debt
owners, building on successful engagements. Through our RDS business, we have the ability to
provide these services to local governments.
Disciplined and Proprietary Underwriting Process
One of the key components of our growth has been our ability to price portfolio acquisitions
at levels that have generated profitable returns on investment. Since inception, we have been able
to collect at an average rate of 2.5 to 3.0 times our purchase price for defaulted consumer
receivables portfolios, as measured over a five to ten year period, which has enabled us to
generate increasing profits and cash flow. In order to price portfolios and forecast the targeted
collection results for a portfolio, we use two separate statistical models developed internally,
which we may supplement with on-site due diligence and data obtained from the debt owners
collection process and loan files. One model analyzes the portfolio as one unit based on
demographic comparisons, while the second model analyzes each account in a portfolio using
variables in a regression analysis. As we collect on our portfolios, the results are input back
into the models in an ongoing process which we believe increases their accuracy. Through December
31, 2006 we have acquired 803 portfolios with a face value of $24.2 billion.
5
Ability to Hire, Develop and Retain Productive Collectors
We place considerable focus on our ability to hire, develop and retain effective collectors
who are key to our continued growth and profitability. Several large military bases and numerous
telemarketing, customer service and reservation phone centers are located near our headquarters and
regional offices in Virginia, providing access to a large pool of eligible personnel. The
Hutchinson, Kansas, Las Vegas, Nevada, Birmingham, Alabama and Jackson, Tennessee areas also
provide a sufficient potential workforce of eligible personnel. We have found that tenure is a
primary driver of our collector effectiveness. We offer our collectors a competitive wage with the
opportunity to receive unlimited incentive compensation based on performance, as well as an
attractive benefits package, a comfortable working environment and the ability to work on a
flexible schedule. Stock options were awarded to many of our collectors at the time of our IPO,
and many tenured collectors were awarded nonvested shares in 2004, 2005 and 2006. We have a
comprehensive six week training program for new owned portfolio collectors and provide continuing
advanced training classes which are conducted in our four training centers. Recognizing the
demands of the job, our management team has endeavored to create a professional and supportive
environment for all of our employees.
Established Systems and Infrastructure
We have devoted significant effort to developing our systems, including statistical models,
databases and reporting packages, to optimize our portfolio purchases and collection efforts. In
addition, we believe that our technology infrastructure is flexible, secure, reliable and
redundant, to ensure the protection of our sensitive data and to mitigate exposure to systems
failure or unauthorized access. We believe that our systems and infrastructure give us meaningful
advantages over our competitors. We have developed financial models and systems for pricing
portfolio acquisitions, managing the collections process and monitoring operating results. We
perform a static pool analysis monthly on each of our portfolios, inputting actual results back
into our acquisition models, to enhance their accuracy. We monitor collection results
continuously, seeking to identify and resolve negative trends immediately. Our comprehensive
management reporting package is designed to fully inform our management team so that they may make
timely operating decisions. This combination of hardware, software and proprietary modeling and
systems has been developed by our management team through years of experience in this industry and
we believe provides us with an important competitive advantage from the acquisition process all the
way through collection operations.
Strong Relationships with Major Credit Originators
We have done business with most of the top consumer lenders in the United States. We maintain
an extensive marketing effort and our senior management team is in contact on a regular basis with
known and prospective credit originators. We believe that we have earned a reputation as a
reliable purchaser of defaulted consumer receivables portfolios and as responsible collectors.
Furthermore, from the perspective of the selling credit originator, the failure to close on a
negotiated sale of a portfolio consumes valuable time and expense and can have an adverse effect on
pricing when the portfolio is re-marketed. We have never failed to close on a transaction.
Similarly, if a credit originator sells a portfolio to a debt buyer which has a reputation for
violating industry standard collecting practices, it can taint the reputation of the credit
originator. We go to great lengths to collect from consumers in a responsible, professional and
legally compliant manner. We believe our strong relationships with major credit originators
provide us with access to quality opportunities for portfolio purchases and contingent fee
collection placements.
Experienced Management Team
We have an experienced management team with considerable expertise in the accounts receivable
management industry. Prior to our formation, our founders played key roles in the development and
management of a consumer receivables acquisition and divestiture operation of Household Recovery
Services, a subsidiary of Household International, now owned by HSBC. As we have grown, the
original management team has been expanded to include a group of experienced, seasoned executives.
6
Portfolio Acquisitions
Our portfolio of defaulted consumer receivables includes a diverse set of accounts that can be
categorized by asset type, age and size of account, level of previous collection efforts and
geography. To identify attractive buying opportunities, we maintain an extensive marketing effort
with our senior officers contacting known and prospective sellers of defaulted consumer
receivables. We acquire receivables of Visa®, MasterCard® and
Discover® credit cards, private label credit cards, installment loans, lines of credit,
bankrupt, deficiency balances of various types, legal judgments, and trade payables, all from a
variety of debt owners. These debt owners include major banks, credit unions, consumer finance
companies, telecommunication providers, retailers, utilities, insurance companies, medical
groups/hospitals, other debt buyers and auto finance companies. In addition, we exhibit at trade
shows, advertise in a variety of trade publications and attend industry events in an effort to
develop account purchase opportunities. We also maintain active relationships with brokers of
defaulted consumer receivables.
The following chart categorizes our life to date owned portfolios as of December 31, 2006 into
the major asset types represented.
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Life to Date Purchased Face |
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No. of |
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Value of Defaulted Consumer |
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Asset Type |
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Accounts |
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% |
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Receivables(1) |
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% |
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Visa/MasterCard/Discover |
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5,376,651 |
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46.9 |
% |
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$ |
16,348,256,929 |
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67.5 |
% |
Consumer Finance |
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3,606,270 |
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31.5 |
% |
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3,049,956,353 |
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12.6 |
% |
Private Label Credit Cards |
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2,146,784 |
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18.7 |
% |
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2,781,276,748 |
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11.5 |
% |
Auto Deficiency |
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333,467 |
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2.9 |
% |
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2,039,524,851 |
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8.4 |
% |
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Total: |
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11,463,172 |
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100.0 |
% |
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$ |
24,219,014,881 |
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100.0 |
% |
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(1) |
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The Life to Date Purchased Face Value of Defaulted Consumer
Receivables represents the original face amount purchased from
sellers and has not been decremented by any adjustments including
payments and buybacks (buybacks are defined as purchase price
refunded by the seller due to the return of non-compliant
accounts). |
We have done business with most of the largest consumer lenders in the United States. Since
our formation, we have purchased accounts from approximately 110 debt owners.
We have acquired portfolios at various price levels, depending on the age of the portfolio,
its geographic distribution, our historical experience with a certain asset type or credit
originator and similar factors. A typical defaulted consumer receivables portfolio ranges from $1
million to $150 million in face value and contains defaulted consumer receivables from diverse
geographic locations with average initial individual account balances of $400 to $7,000.
The age of a defaulted consumer receivables portfolio (the time since an account has been
charged-off) is an important factor in determining the price at which we will purchase a
receivables portfolio. Generally, there is an inverse relationship between the age of a portfolio
and the price at which we will purchase the portfolio. This relationship is due to the fact that
older receivables typically are more difficult to collect. The accounts receivables management
industry places receivables into categories depending on the number of collection agencies that
have previously attempted to collect on the receivables. Fresh accounts are typically past due 120
to 270 days and charged-off by the credit originator, that are either being sold prior to any
post-charge-off collection activity or are placed with a third-party for the first time. These
accounts typically sell for the highest purchase price. Primary accounts are typically 360 to 450
days past due and charged-off, have been previously placed with one contingent fee servicer and
receive a lower purchase price. Secondary and tertiary accounts are typically more than 540 days
past due and charged-off, have been placed with two or three contingent fee servicers and receive
even lower purchase prices.
7
As shown in the following chart, as of December 31, 2006, we purchase or service accounts at
any point in the delinquency cycle.
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Life to Date Purchased Face |
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Value of Defaulted Consumer |
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Account Type |
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No. of Accounts |
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% |
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Receivables(1) |
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% |
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Fresh |
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272,695 |
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2.4 |
% |
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$ |
1,163,166,261 |
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4.8 |
% |
Primary |
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1,287,466 |
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11.2 |
% |
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2,820,152,617 |
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11.6 |
% |
Secondary |
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2,124,532 |
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18.6 |
% |
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3,942,881,497 |
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16.3 |
% |
Tertiary |
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2,990,790 |
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26.1 |
% |
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3,708,911,628 |
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15.3 |
% |
BK Trustees(2) |
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1,550,738 |
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13.5 |
% |
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6,320,427,075 |
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26.1 |
% |
Other(2) |
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3,236,951 |
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28.2 |
% |
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6,263,475,803 |
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25.9 |
% |
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Total: |
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11,463,172 |
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100.0 |
% |
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$ |
24,219,014,881 |
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100.0 |
% |
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(1) |
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The Life to Date Purchased Face Value of Defaulted Consumer Receivables represents
the original face amount purchased from sellers and has not been decremented by any
adjustments including payments and buybacks. |
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(2) |
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Included in Other are purchased accounts that were previously included in BK
Trustees. These accounts have been reclassified to more properly reflect historical
buying and the nature of the accounts. |
We also review the geographic distribution of accounts within a portfolio because we have
found that certain states have more debtor-friendly laws than others and, therefore, are less
desirable from a collectibility perspective. In addition, economic factors and bankruptcy trends
vary regionally and are factored into our maximum purchase price equation.
The following chart sets forth our overall life to date portfolio of defaulted consumer
receivables geographically as of December 31, 2006:
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Life to Date Purchased Face |
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Original Purchase Price of |
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No. of |
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Value of Defaulted Consumer |
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Defaulted Consumer |
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Geographic Distribution |
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Accounts |
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% |
|
Receivables(1) |
|
% |
|
Receivables (2) |
|
% |
|
Texas |
|
|
2,155,782 |
|
|
|
19 |
% |
|
$ |
3,002,971,595 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
$ |
63,109,706 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
California |
|
|
1,062,532 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
2,835,314,011 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
55,225,551 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
Florida |
|
|
843,108 |
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
2,380,826,790 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
48,030,067 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
New York |
|
|
644,997 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
1,698,736,386 |
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
37,429,693 |
|
|
|
7 |
% |
Pennsylvania |
|
|
346,765 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
918,977,752 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
22,331,632 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
New Jersey |
|
|
285,265 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
849,277,542 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
16,876,671 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
Ohio |
|
|
368,310 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
791,995,960 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
17,859,999 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
Illinois |
|
|
451,219 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
824,313,924 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
19,372,074 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
North Carolina |
|
|
367,796 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
796,496,805 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
18,589,155 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
Georgia |
|
|
287,220 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
682,589,442 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
17,865,638 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
Michigan |
|
|
305,659 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
611,109,844 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
15,176,646 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
Massachusetts |
|
|
236,485 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
545,904,331 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
11,195,670 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Virginia |
|
|
214,999 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
455,610,000 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
11,167,323 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Arizona |
|
|
166,535 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
452,744,304 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
8,874,522 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Maryland |
|
|
182,371 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
430,945,120 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
9,088,320 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Missouri |
|
|
324,497 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
433,370,156 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
9,615,054 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Other (3) |
|
|
3,219,632 |
|
|
|
28 |
% |
|
|
6,507,830,919 |
|
|
|
26 |
% |
|
|
146,009,891 |
|
|
|
28 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total: |
|
|
11,463,172 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
24,219,014,881 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
527,817,612 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The Life to Date Purchased Face Value of Defaulted Consumer Receivables represents
the original face amount purchased from sellers and has not been decremented by any
adjustments including payments and buybacks. |
|
(2) |
|
The Original Purchase Price of Defaulted Consumer Receivables represents the cash paid to
sellers to acquire portfolios of defaulted consumer receivables. |
|
(3) |
|
Each state included in Other represents less than 2% of the face value of total defaulted
consumer receivables. |
8
Purchasing Process
We acquire portfolios from debt owners through auctions and negotiated sales. In an auction
process, the seller will assemble a portfolio of receivables and will either broadly offer the
portfolio to the market or seek purchase prices from specifically invited potential purchasers. In
a privately negotiated sale process, the debt owner will contact known, reputable purchasers
directly, take bids and negotiate the terms of sale. On a limited basis, we also acquire accounts
in forward flow contracts. Under a forward flow contract, we agree to purchase defaulted consumer
receivables from a debt owner on a periodic basis, at a set percentage of face value of the
receivables over a specified time period. These agreements typically have a provision requiring
that the attributes of the receivables to be sold will not significantly change each month and that
the debt owner efforts to collect these receivables will not change. If this provision is not
adhered to, the contract will allow for the early termination of the forward flow contract by the
purchaser. Forward flow contracts are a consistent source of defaulted consumer receivables for
accounts receivables management providers and provide the debt owner with a reliable source of
revenue and a professional resolution of defaulted consumer receivables.
In a typical sale transaction, a debt owner distributes a computer data file containing ten to
fifteen basic data fields on each receivables account in the portfolio offered for sale. Such
fields typically include the consumers name, address, outstanding balance, date of charge-off,
date of last payment and the date the account was opened. We perform our initial due diligence on
the portfolio by electronically cross-checking the data fields on the computer disk or data tape
against the accounts in our owned portfolios and against national demographic and credit databases.
We compile a variety of portfolio level reports examining all demographic data available. When
valuing pools of bankrupt consumer receivables, we seek to access information on the status of each
accounts bankruptcy case.
In order to determine a purchase price for a portfolio, we use two separate internally
developed computer models, which we may supplement with on-site due diligence of the sellers
collection operation and/or a review of their loan origination files, collection notes and work
processes. We analyze the portfolio using our proprietary multiple regression model, which
analyzes each account of the portfolio using variables in the regression model. In addition, we
analyze the portfolio as a whole using an adjustment model, which uses an appropriate cash flow
model depending upon whether it is a purchase of fresh, primary, secondary or tertiary accounts.
Then, adjustments can be made to the cash flow model to compensate for demographic attributes
supported by a detailed analysis of demographic data. From these models we derive our quantitative
purchasing analysis which is used to help price transactions. The multiple regression model is
also used to prioritize collection work efforts subsequent to purchase. With respect to
prospective forward flow contracts and other long-term relationships, in addition to the procedures
outlined above, as we receive new flows under the aforementioned contract we may obtain a
representative test portfolio to evaluate and compare the performance of the portfolio to the
projections we developed in our purchasing analysis. In addition, when purchasing bankrupt
consumer receivables, we utilize a specifically designed pricing model.
Our due diligence and portfolio review results in a comprehensive analysis of the proposed
portfolio. This analysis compares defaulted consumer receivables in the prospective portfolio with
our collection history in similar portfolios. We then use our multiple regression model to value
each account. Using the two valuation approaches, we determine cash collections over the life of
the portfolio. We then summarize all anticipated cash collections and associated direct expenses
and project a collectibility value expressed both in dollars and liquidation percentage and a
detailed expense projection over the portfolios estimated six to ten year economic life. We use
the total projected collectibility value and expenses to determine an appropriate purchase price.
We maintain a detailed static pool analysis on each portfolio that we have acquired, capturing
all demographic data and revenue and expense items for further analysis. We use the static pool
analysis to refine the underwriting models that we use to price future portfolio purchases. The
results of the static pool analysis are input back into our models, increasing the accuracy of the
models as the data set increases with every portfolio purchase and each days collection efforts.
9
The quantitative and qualitative data derived in our due diligence is evaluated together with
our knowledge of the current defaulted consumer receivables market and any subjective factors about
the portfolio or the debt owner of which management may be aware. A portfolio acquisition approval
memorandum is prepared for each prospective portfolio before a purchase price is submitted to the
debt owner. This approval memorandum, which outlines the portfolios anticipated collectibility
and purchase structure, is distributed to members of our Investment Committee. The approval by the
Committee sets a maximum purchase price for the portfolio. The Investment Committee is currently
comprised of Steve Fredrickson, Chief Executive Officer and President, Kevin Stevenson, Chief
Financial and Administrative Officer and Craig Grube, Executive Vice President Acquisitions.
Once a portfolio purchase has been approved by our investment committee and the terms of the
sale have been agreed to with the debt owner, the acquisition is documented in an agreement that
contains customary terms and conditions. Provisions are typically incorporated for bankrupt,
disputed, fraudulent or deceased accounts and typically, the debt owner either agrees to repurchase
these accounts or replace them with acceptable replacement accounts within certain time frames.
Owned Collection Operations
Our work flow management system places, recalls and prioritizes accounts in collectors work
queues, based on our analyses of our accounts and other demographic, credit and prior work
collection attributes. We use this process to focus our work effort on those consumers most likely
to pay on their accounts and to rotate to other collectors the non-paying but most likely to pay
accounts from which other collectors have been unsuccessful in receiving payment. The majority of
our collections occur as a result of telephone contact with consumers.
The collectibility forecast for a newly acquired portfolio will help determine collection
strategy. Accounts which are determined to have the highest predicted collection probability may
be sent immediately to collectors work queues. Less collectible accounts may be set aside as
house accounts to be collected using a predictive dialer or another passive, low cost method. Some
accounts may be worked using a letter and/or settlement strategy. We may obtain credit reports for
various accounts after the collection process begins. When a collector establishes contact with a
consumer, the account information is placed automatically in the collectors work queue.
Our computer system allows each collector to view all the scanned documents relating to the
consumers account, which can include the original account application and payment checks. A
typical collector work queue may include 650 to 1,000 accounts or more, depending on the skill
level and tenure of the collector. The work queue is depleted and replenished automatically by our
computerized work flow system.
On the initial contact call, the consumer is given a standardized presentation regarding the
benefits of resolving his or her account with us. Emphasis is placed on determining the reason for
the consumers default in order to better assess the consumers situation and create a plan for
repayment. The collector is incentivized to have the consumer pay the full balance of the account.
If the collector cannot obtain payment of the full balance, the collector will suggest a repayment
plan which generally includes an approximate 20% down payment with the balance to be repaid over an
agreed upon period. At times, when determined to be appropriate, and in many cases with management
approval, a reduced lump-sum settlement may be agreed upon. If the consumer elects to utilize an
installment plan, we have developed a system which enables us to make withdrawals from a consumers
bank account, in accordance with the directions of the customer.
If a collector is unable to establish contact with a consumer based on information received,
the collector must undertake skip tracing procedures to develop important account information.
Skip tracing is the process of developing new phone, address, job or asset information on a
consumer, or verifying the accuracy of such information. Each collector does his or her own skip
tracing using a number of computer applications available at his or her workstation, as well as a
series of automated skip tracing procedures implemented by us on a regular basis.
Accounts for which the consumer has the likely ability, but not the willingness, to resolve
their obligations are reviewed for legal action. Depending on the balance of the defaulted
consumer receivable and the applicable state collection laws, we determine whether to commence
legal action to judicially collect on the receivable. The legal process can take an extended
period of time, but it also generates cash collections that likely would not have been realized
otherwise.
10
Our legal recovery department oversees our internal legal collections and coordinates an
independent nationwide collections attorney network which is responsible for the preparation and
filing of judicial collection proceedings in multiple jurisdictions, determining the suit criteria,
coordinating sales of property and instituting wage garnishments to satisfy judgments. This
network consists of approximately 70 independent law firms who work on a flat fee or contingent fee
basis. Legal cash collections currently constitute approximately 32% of our total cash
collections. As our portfolio matures, a larger number of accounts will be directed to our legal
recovery department for judicial collection; consequently, we anticipate that legal cash
collections will grow commensurately and comprise a larger percentage of our total cash
collections. During 2004, we began using a combination of internal staff (attorney and support),
as well as external attorneys, to pursue legal collections in certain states and under certain
circumstances. This has grown to over 30 states, utilizing the lower courts, up to jurisdictional
limits. This distribution channel allows us to work accounts that we would not normally pursue
through the use of contingent fee collection attorneys because of cost. Our legal recovery
department also collects claims against estates in cases involving deceased debtors having assets
at the time of death.
Our bankruptcy department files proofs of claim (POCs) and performs all administrative
functions and tracking on accounts that are included in consumer bankruptcies filed under Chapter
13 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code in order to substantiate our claims and ensure that we participate
in any distributions to creditors. The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act,
which was passed on October 17, 2005 (the Bankruptcy Reform Act), established a means test
which imposed strict income criteria for the filing of a Chapter 7 bankruptcy petition. If a
debtors income exceeds the median income for his or her state, he or she may be required to file
for Chapter 13 bankruptcy. Consequently, fewer debtors may be able to have their obligations
completely discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy actions, and instead may be required to repay a
portion of their debts under Chapter 13 payment plans. If this scenario occurs, it would enable us
to generate recoveries from a larger number of bankrupt debtors through the filing of POCs with the
trustees of bankruptcy courts. However, the increased complexities and expense of filing for
bankruptcy, regardless of chapter, may reduce the total number of bankruptcies filed and
consequently limit our potential recoveries.
Fee-for-Service Businesses
In order to provide debt owners with alternative collection solutions and to capitalize on
common competencies between a fee-for-service collections operation and an acquired receivables
portfolio business, we commenced our ARM third-party contingent fee collections operation in March
2001. In a contingent fee arrangement, debt owners typically place defaulted receivables with a
third party collection agency once they have ceased their recovery efforts. The debt owners then
pay the third-party agency a commission fee based upon the amount actually collected from the
consumer. A contingent fee placement of defaulted consumer receivables is usually for a fixed time
frame, typically four to six months, or as long as twelve months. At the end of this fixed period,
the third-party agency will return the uncollected defaulted consumer receivables to the debt
owner, which may then place the defaulted consumer receivables with another collection agency or
sell the portfolio of receivables.
The determination of the commission fee to be paid for third-party collections is generally
based upon the age and potential collectibility of the defaulted consumer receivables being
assigned for placement. For example, if there has been no prior third-party collection activity
with respect to the defaulted consumer receivables, the commission fee would be lower than if there
had been one or more previous collection agencies attempting to collect on the receivables. The
earlier the placement of defaulted consumer receivables in the collection process, the higher the
probability of receiving a cash collection and, therefore, the lower the cost to collect and the
lower the commission fee. Other factors, such as the location of the consumers, the size of the
defaulted consumer receivables, competition among third party agencies, and the clients collection
procedures and work standards also contribute to establishing a commission fee.
Revenues from IGS are accounted for as commission revenue. IGS performs national skip tracing
and collateral recovery services, principally for auto finance companies, for a fee. The amount of
fee earned is generally dependent on several different outcomes: whether the debtor was found and a
resolution on the account occurred, if the collateral was repossessed or if payment was made by the
debtor to the debt owner. For example, if the debtor is not found, our fee is less than if the
debtor is found and we are able to create a positive resolution on the account.
RDS computes revenue using both of the aforementioned approaches. RDS collects delinquent
taxes and earns a contingent fee. This fee can vary based on the age of the debt being collected.
RDS also processes tax payments for taxing authorities. For this work, we are paid a fee for
each transaction. RDS also performs tax audit services, for which we are paid at an hourly rate.
RDS provides local and state governments with a range of revenue enhancement services including
revenue administration, revenue discovery and recovery, aged receivables management and compliance
auditing.
11
Competition
We face competition in both of the markets we serve owned portfolio and fee-for-service
accounts receivable management from new and existing providers of outsourced receivables
management services, including other purchasers of defaulted consumer receivables portfolios,
third-party contingent fee collection agencies and debt owners that manage their own defaulted
consumer receivables rather than outsourcing them. The accounts receivable management industry
(owned portfolio and contingent fee) is highly fragmented and competitive, consisting of
approximately 6,000 consumer and commercial agencies. We estimate that more than 90% of these
agencies compete in the contingent fee market. There are few significant barriers for entry to new
providers of contingent fee receivables management services and, consequently, the number of
agencies serving the contingent fee market may continue to grow. Greater capital needs and the
need for portfolio evaluation expertise sufficient to price portfolios effectively constitute
significant barriers for entry to new providers of owned portfolio receivables management services.
We face bidding competition in our acquisition of defaulted consumer receivables and in
obtaining placement of fee-for-service receivables. We also compete on the basis of reputation,
industry experience and performance. Among the positive factors which we believe influence our
ability to compete effectively in this market are our ability to bid on portfolios at appropriate
prices, our reputation from previous transactions regarding our ability to close transactions in a
timely fashion, our relationships with originators of defaulted consumer receivables, our team of
well-trained collectors who provide quality customer service and compliance with applicable
collections laws, our ability to collect on various asset types and our ability to provide both
purchased and contingent fee solutions to debt owners. Among the negative factors which we believe
could influence our ability to compete effectively in this market are that some of our current
competitors and possible new competitors may have substantially greater financial, personnel and
other resources, greater adaptability to changing market needs, longer operating histories and more
established relationships in our industry than we currently have.
Information Technology
Technology Operating Systems and Server Platform
The scalability of our systems provides us with a technology system that is flexible, secure,
reliable and redundant to ensure the protection of our sensitive data. We utilize Intel-based
servers running industry standard open systems coupled with Microsoft Windows 2000/2003 and NT
Server operating systems. In addition, we utilize a blend of purchased and proprietary software
systems tailored to the needs of our business. These systems are designed to eliminate
inefficiencies in our collections, continue to meet business objectives in a changing environment
and meet compliance obligations with regulatory entities. Our proprietary hardware and software
systems are being leveraged to manage location information, phone and operational applications for
IGS and RDS. We believe our custom solutions will enhance the overall investigative capabilities of
this business while meeting compliance obligations with regulatory entities.
Network Technology
To provide delivery of our applications, we utilize Intel-based workstations across our entire
business operations. The environment is configured to provide speeds of 100 megabytes to the
desktops of our collections and administration staff. Our one gigabyte server network architecture
supports high-speed data transport. Our network system is designed to be scalable and meet
expansion and inter-building bandwidth and quality of service demands.
12
Database and Software Systems
The ability to access and utilize data is essential to us being able to operate nationwide in
a cost-effective manner. Our centralized computer-based information systems support the core
processing functions of our business under a set of integrated databases and are designed to be
both replicable and scalable to accommodate our internal growth. This integrated approach helps to
assure that consistent sources are processed efficiently. We use these systems for portfolio and
client management, skip tracing, check taking, financial and management accounting, reporting, and
planning and analysis. The systems also support our consumers, including on-line access to account
information, account status and payment entry. We use a combination of Microsoft, Oracle and Cache
database software to manage our portfolios, financial, customer and sales data, and we believe
these systems will be sufficient for our needs for the foreseeable future. RDS maintains a unique,
proprietary software system that manages the movement of data, accounts and information throughout
the unit. We believe this system will be sufficient for our needs in the foreseeable future. Our
contingent fee collections operations database incorporates an integrated and proprietary
predictive dialing platform used with our predictive dialer discussed below.
Redundancy, System Backup, Security and Disaster Recovery
Our data centers provide the infrastructure for innovative collection services and
uninterrupted support of hardware and server management, server co-location and an all-inclusive
server administration for our business. We believe our facilities and operations include sufficient
redundancy, file back-up and security to ensure minimal exposure to systems failure or unauthorized
access. The preparations in this area include the use of call centers in Virginia, Kansas and
Tennessee in order to help provide redundancy for data and processes should one site be completely
disabled. We have a disaster recovery plan covering our business that is tested on a periodic
basis. The combination of our locally distributed call control systems provides enterprise-wide
call and data distribution between our call centers for efficient portfolio collection and business
operations. In addition to data replication between the sites, incremental backups of both
software and databases are performed on a daily basis and a full system backup is performed weekly.
Backup data tapes are stored at an offsite location along with copies of schedules and production
control procedures, procedures for recovery using an off-site data center, documentation and other
critical information necessary for recovery and continued operation. Our Virginia headquarters has
two separate power and telecommunications feeds, an uninterruptible power supply and a
diesel-generator power plant, all of which provide a level of redundancy should a power outage or
interruption occur. We also have generators installed at our Hampton and Kansas locations. We
also employ rigorous physical and electronic security to protect our data. Our call centers have
restricted card key access and appropriate additional physical security measures. Electronic
protections include data encryption, firewalls and multi-level access controls. The facilities
which currently house IGS and RDS feature uninterruptible power supply units and electronic
protections. Full-scale site power, telecommunication and all of the other systems abilities of
our other sites will be installed at IGS and RDS at a later time.
Plasma Displays for Real Time Data Utilization
We utilize plasma displays at our main facility to aid in recovery of portfolios. The
displays provide real-time business-critical information to our collection personnel for efficient
collection efforts such as telephone, production, employee status, goal trending, training and
corporate information.
Predictive Dialer Technology
The Avaya Proactive Contact Dialer ensures that our collection staff focuses on certain
defaulted consumer receivables according to our specifications. Our predictive dialer takes
account of all campaign and dialing parameters and is able to automatically adjust its dialing pace
to match changes in campaign conditions and provide the lowest possible wait times and abandon
rates. In addition, the dialer allows our collectors to only handle live voice calls by leaving
automated messages on all calls where answering machines are detected. This feature allows our
representatives to speak with more debtors per agent hour, and also increases our inbound call
volume.
13
Employees
We employed 1,291 persons on a full-time basis, including the following number of front line
operations employees by business: 937 on our owned portfolios, 81 working in our ARM contingent fee
collections operations, 85 working in our IGS operations and 32 working in our RDS government
collections operations, as of December 31, 2006. None of our employees are represented by a union
or covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We believe that our relations with our employees
are good.
Hiring
We recognize that our collectors are critical to the success of our business as a majority of
our collection efforts occur as a result of telephone contact with consumers. We have found that
the tenure and productivity of our collectors are directly related. Therefore, attracting, hiring,
training, retaining and motivating our collection personnel is a major focus for us. We pay our
collectors competitive wages and offer employees a full benefits program which includes
comprehensive medical coverage, short and long term disability, life insurance, dental and vision
coverage, pre-paid legal plan, an employee assistance program, supplemental indemnity, cancer,
hospitalization, accident insurance, a flexible spending account for child care and a matching
401(k) program. In addition to a base wage, we provide collectors with the opportunity to receive
unlimited compensation through an incentive compensation program that pays bonuses above a set
monthly base, based upon each collectors collection results. This program is designed to ensure
that employees are paid based not only on performance, but also on consistency. We have awarded
stock based compensation to many of our tenured collectors. We believe that these practices have
helped us achieve an annual post-training turnover rate of 56% in 2006.
A large number of telemarketing, customer-service and reservation phone centers are located
near our Virginia headquarters. We believe that we offer a competitive and, in many cases, a
higher base wage than many local employers and therefore have access to a large number of eligible
personnel. In addition, there are several military bases in the area. We employ numerous military
spouses and retirees and find them to be an excellent source of employees. We have also found the
Las Vegas, Nevada, Hutchinson, Kansas, Birmingham, Alabama and Jackson, Tennessee areas to provide
a large potential workforce of eligible personnel.
Training
We provide a comprehensive six week training program for all new owned portfolio collectors.
The first three weeks of the training program is comprised of lectures to learn collection
techniques, state and federal collection laws, systems, negotiation skills, skip tracing and
telephone use. These sessions are then followed by an additional three weeks of practical
experience conducting live calls with additional managerial supervision in order to provide
employees with confidence and guidance while still contributing to our profitability. Each trainee
must successfully pass a comprehensive examination before being assigned to the collection floor.
In addition, we conduct continuing advanced classes in our four training centers. Our technology
and systems allow us to monitor individual employees and then offer additional training in areas of
deficiency to increase productivity.
Outsourced Collections Department
Legal Recovery
An important component of our collections effort involves our outsourced collections
department and the judicial collection of accounts of customers who have the ability, but not the
willingness, to resolve their obligations. Accounts for which the consumer is not cooperative and
for which we can establish a garnishable job or attachable asset are reviewed for legal action.
Depending on the balance of the defaulted consumer receivable and the applicable state collection
laws, we determine whether to commence legal action to collect on the receivable. The legal process
can take an extended period of time, but it also generates cash collections that likely would not
have been realized otherwise. Our legal recovery department oversees internal legal collections and
coordinates an independent nationwide attorney network which is responsible for the preparation and
filing of judicial collection proceedings in multiple jurisdictions, determining the suit criteria,
coordinating sales of property and instituting wage garnishments to satisfy judgments. This
nationwide collections attorney network consists of approximately 70 independent law firms, all of
which work on a contingent fee basis. Legal cash collections currently constitute approximately
32% of our total collections. As our portfolio matures, a larger number of accounts will be
directed to our outsourced collections department for judicial collection; consequently, we
anticipate that legal collections will grow commensurately and comprise a larger percentage of our
total cash collections. During 2004, we began using a combination of internal staff (attorney and
support), as well as external attorneys, to pursue legal collections in certain states and under
certain circumstances. This has grown to over 30 states, utilizing the lower courts, up to
jurisdictional limits. This distribution channel allows us to work accounts that we would not
normally pursue through the use of contingent fee collection attorneys because of cost.
14
Bankruptcy
Our bankruptcy department files POCs and performs all administrative functions and tracking on
accounts that are included in consumer bankruptcies filed under Chapter 13 of the U.S. Bankruptcy
Code in order to substantiate our claims and ensure that we participate in any distributions to
creditors. The Bankruptcy Reform Act established a means test which imposed strict income
criteria for the filing of a Chapter 7 bankruptcy petition. If a debtors income exceeds the
median income for his or her state, he or she may be required to file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy.
Consequently, fewer debtors may be able to have their obligations completely discharged in Chapter
7 bankruptcy actions, and instead may be required to repay a portion of their debts under Chapter
13 payment plans. If this scenario occurs, it would enable us to generate recoveries from a larger
number of bankrupt debtors through the filing of POCs with the trustees of bankruptcy courts.
However, the increased complexities and expense of filing for bankruptcy, regardless of chapter,
may reduce the total number of bankruptcies filed and consequently limit our potential recoveries.
Corporate Legal Department
Our corporate legal department manages general corporate governance,
litigation management, insurance management and risk assessment, corporate transactions,
intellectual property, contract and document preparation and review, including real estate purchase
and lease agreements and portfolio purchase documents, federal securities law and other regulatory
and statutory compliance, obtaining and maintaining multi-state licensing, bonding and insurance,
dispute and complaint resolution. As a part of its compliance functions, our corporate legal
department works with our internal auditor and the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors in the
implementation of our Code of Ethics. In that connection, we have implemented company wide ethics
training and mandatory ethics quizzes and have established a confidential telephone hotline to
report suspected policy violations, fraud, embezzlement, deception in record keeping and reporting,
accounting, auditing matters and other acts which are inappropriate, criminal and/or unethical.
Our Code of Ethics Policy is available at the Investor Relations page of our website. Our corporate
legal department also provides guidance to our quality control department and assists with training
our staff in relevant areas including extensive training on the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
and other relevant laws and regulations. Our corporate legal department distributes guidelines and
procedures for collection personnel to follow when communicating with customers, customers agents,
attorneys and other parties during our recovery efforts. This includes overseeing the letter
process and approving all written communications to account debtors. In addition, our corporate
legal department regularly researches, and provides collections personnel and our training
department with summaries and updates of changes in, federal and state statutes and relevant case
law, so that they are aware of and in compliance with changing laws and judicial decisions when
skip-tracing or collecting accounts.
Regulation
Federal and state statutes establish specific guidelines and procedures which debt collectors
must follow when collecting consumer accounts. It is our policy to comply with the provisions of
all applicable federal laws and comparable state statutes in all of our recovery activities, even
in circumstances in which we may not be specifically subject to these laws. Our failure to comply
with these laws could have a material adverse effect on us in the event and to the extent that they
apply to some or all of our recovery activities. Federal and state consumer protection, privacy and
related laws and regulations extensively regulate the relationship between debt collectors and
debtors, and the relationship between customers and credit card issuers. Significant federal laws
and regulations applicable to our business as a debt collector include the following:
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Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. This act imposes certain obligations and restrictions
on the practices of debt collectors, including specific restrictions regarding communications with
consumer customers, including the time, place and manner of the communications. This act also gives
consumers certain rights, including the right to dispute the validity of their obligations.
Fair Credit Reporting Act. This act places certain requirements on credit information
providers regarding verification of the accuracy of information provided to credit reporting
agencies and investigating consumer disputes concerning the accuracy of such information. We
provide information concerning our accounts to the three major credit reporting agencies, and it is
our practice to correctly report this information and to investigate credit reporting disputes. The
Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act amended the Fair Credit Reporting Act to include
additional duties applicable to data furnishers with respect to information in the consumers
credit file that the consumer identifies as resulting from identity theft, and requires that data
furnishers have procedures in place as of December 1, 2004 to prevent such information from being
furnished to credit reporting agencies. We have instituted measures to effect compliance with
these requirements.
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. This act requires that certain financial institutions, including
collection agencies, develop policies to protect the privacy of consumers private financial
information and provide notices to consumers advising them of their privacy policies. This act also
requires that if private personal information concerning a consumer is shared with another
unrelated institution, the consumer must be given an opportunity to opt out of having such
information shared. Since we do not share consumer information with non-related entities, except as
required by law, or except as needed to collect on the receivables, our consumers are not entitled
to any opt-out rights under this act. This act is enforced by the Federal Trade Commission, which
has retained exclusive jurisdiction over its enforcement, and does not afford a private cause of
action to consumers who may wish to pursue legal action against a financial institution for
violations of this act.
Electronic Funds Transfer Act. This act regulates the use of the Automated Clearing House
(ACH) system to make electronic funds transfers. All ACH transactions must comply with the rules
of the National Automated Check Clearing House Association (NACHA) and Uniform Commercial Code §
3-402. This act, the NACHA regulations and the Uniform Commercial Code give the consumer, among
other things, certain privacy rights with respect to the transactions, the right to stop payments
on a pre-approved fund transfer, and the right to receive certain documentation of the transaction.
This act also gives consumers a right to sue institutions which cause financial damages as a
result of their failure to comply with its provisions.
Telephone Consumer Protection Act. In the process of collecting accounts, we use automated
predictive dialers to place calls to consumers. This act and similar state laws place certain
restrictions on telemarketers and users of automated dialing equipment who place telephone calls to
consumers.
Servicemembers Civil Relief Act. The Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act of 1940 was
amended in December 2003 as the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (SCRA). The SCRA gives U.S.
military service personnel relief from credit obligations they may have incurred prior to entering
military service, and may also apply in certain circumstances to obligations and liabilities
incurred by a servicemember while serving on active duty. The SCRA prohibits creditors from taking
specified actions to collect the defaulted accounts of servicemembers. The SCRA impacts many
different types of credit obligations, including installment contracts and court proceedings, and
tolls the statute of limitations during the time that the servicemember is engaged in active
military service. The SCRA also places a cap on interest bearing obligations of servicemembers to
an amount not greater than 6% per year, inclusive of all related charges and fees.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. The Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act (HIPAA) provides standards to protect the confidentiality of patients
personal healthcare and financial information. Pursuant to HIPAA, business associates of health
care providers, such as agencies which collect healthcare receivables, must comply with certain
privacy and security standards established by HIPAA to ensure that the information provided will be
safeguarded from misuse.
U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In order to prevent any collection activity with bankrupt debtors by
creditors and collection agencies, the U.S. Bankruptcy Code provides for an automatic stay, which
prohibits certain contacts with consumers after the filing of bankruptcy petitions.
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Additionally, there are in some states statutes and regulations comparable to the above
federal laws, and specific licensing requirements which affect our operations. State laws may also
limit credit account interest rates and the fees, as well as limit the time frame in which judicial
actions may be initiated to enforce the collection of consumer accounts.
Although we are not a credit originator, some of these laws directed toward credit originators
may occasionally affect our operations because our receivables were originated through credit
transactions, such as the following laws, which apply principally to credit originators:
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Truth in Lending Act; |
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Fair Credit Billing Act; and |
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Equal Credit Opportunity Act. |
Federal laws which regulate credit originators require, among other things, that credit card
issuers disclose to consumers the interest rates, fees, grace periods and balance calculation
methods associated with their credit card accounts. Consumers are entitled under current laws to
have payments and credits applied to their accounts promptly, to receive prescribed notices and to
require billing errors to be resolved promptly. Some laws prohibit discriminatory practices in
connection with the extension of credit. Federal statutes further provide that, in some cases,
consumers cannot be held liable for, or their liability is limited with respect to, charges to the
credit card account that were a result of an unauthorized use of the credit card. These laws, among
others, may give consumers a legal cause of action against us, or may limit our ability to recover
amounts owing with respect to the receivables, whether or not we committed any wrongful act or
omission in connection with the account. If the credit originator fails to comply with applicable
statutes, rules and regulations, it could create claims and rights for consumers that could reduce
or eliminate their obligations to repay the account and have a possible material adverse effect on
us.
Accordingly, when we acquire defaulted consumer receivables, we contractually require credit
originators to indemnify us against any losses caused by their failure to comply with applicable
statutes, rules and regulations relating to the receivables before they are sold to us.
The U.S. Congress and several states have enacted legislation concerning identity theft.
Additional consumer protection and privacy protection laws may be enacted that would impose
additional requirements on the enforcement of and recovery on consumer credit card or installment
accounts. Any new laws, rules or regulations that may be adopted, as well as existing consumer
protection and privacy protection laws, may adversely affect our ability to recover the
receivables. In addition, our failure to comply with these requirements could adversely affect our
ability to enforce the receivables.
We cannot assure you that some of the receivables were not established as a result of identity
theft or unauthorized use of a credit card and, accordingly, we could not recover the amount of the
defaulted consumer receivables. As a purchaser of defaulted consumer receivables, we may acquire
receivables subject to legitimate defenses on the part of the consumer. Our account purchase
contracts allow us to return to the debt owners certain defaulted consumer receivables that may not
be collectible, due to these and other circumstances. Upon return, the debt owners are required to
replace the receivables with similar receivables or repurchase the receivables. These provisions
limit to some extent our losses on such accounts.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors.
To the extent not described elsewhere in this Annual Report, the following are risks
related to our business.
We may not be able to purchase defaulted consumer receivables at appropriate prices, and a decrease
in our ability to purchase portfolios of receivables could adversely affect our ability to generate
revenue
If we are unable to purchase defaulted receivables from debt owners at appropriate prices, or
one or more debt owners stop selling defaulted receivables to us, we could lose a potential source
of income and our business may be harmed.
The availability of receivables portfolios at prices which generate an appropriate return on
our investment depends on a number of factors both within and outside of our control, including the
following:
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the continuation of current growth trends in the levels of consumer obligations; |
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sales of receivables portfolios by debt owners; and |
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competitive factors affecting potential purchasers and credit originators of receivables. |
Because of the length of time involved in collecting defaulted consumer receivables on
acquired portfolios and the volatility in the timing of our collections, we may not be able to
identify trends and make changes in our purchasing strategies in a timely manner.
We may not be able to collect sufficient amounts on our defaulted consumer receivables to fund our
operations
Our business primarily consists of acquiring and servicing receivables that consumers have
failed to pay and that the credit originator has deemed uncollectible and has generally
charged-off. The debt owners generally make numerous attempts to recover on their defaulted
consumer receivables, often using a combination of in-house recovery efforts and third-party
collection agencies. These defaulted consumer receivables are difficult to collect and we may not
collect a sufficient amount to cover our investment associated with purchasing the defaulted
consumer receivables and the costs of running our business.
We experience high employee turnover rates and we may not be able to hire and retain enough
sufficiently trained employees to support our operations
The accounts receivables management industry is very labor intensive and, similar to other
companies in our industry, we typically experience a high rate of employee turnover. Our annual
turnover rate, excluding those employees that do not complete our six week training program, was
56% in 2006. We compete for qualified personnel with companies in our industry and in other
industries. Our growth requires that we continually hire and train new collectors. A higher
turnover rate among our collectors will increase our recruiting and training costs and limit the
number of experienced collection personnel available to service our defaulted consumer receivables.
If this were to occur, we would not be able to service our defaulted consumer receivables
effectively and this would reduce our ability to continue our growth and operate profitability.
We serve markets that are highly competitive, and we may be unable to compete with businesses that
may have greater resources than we have
We face competition in both of the markets we serve owned portfolio and fee based accounts
receivable management from new and existing providers of outsourced receivables management
services, including other purchasers of defaulted consumer receivables portfolios, third-party
contingent fee collection agencies and debt owners that manage their own defaulted consumer
receivables rather than outsourcing them. The accounts receivable management industry is highly
fragmented and competitive, consisting of approximately 6,000 consumer and commercial agencies,
most of which compete in the contingent fee business.
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We face bidding competition in our acquisition of defaulted consumer receivables and in our
placement of fee based receivables, and we also compete on the basis of reputation, industry
experience and performance. Some of our current competitors and possible new competitors may have
substantially greater financial, personnel and other resources, greater adaptability to changing
market needs, longer operating histories and more established relationships in our industry than we
currently have. In the future, we may not have the resources or ability to compete successfully.
As there are few significant barriers for entry to new providers of fee based receivables
management services, there can be no assurance that additional competitors with greater resources
than ours will not enter the market. Moreover, there can be no assurance that our existing or
potential clients will continue to outsource their defaulted consumer receivables at recent levels
or at all, or that we may continue to offer competitive bids for defaulted consumer receivables
portfolios. If we are unable to develop and expand our business or adapt to changing market needs
as well as our current or future competitors are able to do, we may experience reduced access to
defaulted consumer receivables portfolios at appropriate prices and reduced profitability.
We may not be successful at acquiring receivables of new asset types or in implementing a new
pricing structure
We may pursue the acquisition of receivables portfolios of asset types in which we have little
current experience. We may not be successful in completing any acquisitions of receivables of
these asset types and our limited experience in these asset types may impair our ability to collect
on these receivables. This may cause us to pay too much for these receivables and consequently, we
may not generate a profit from these receivables portfolio acquisitions.
In addition, we may in the future provide a service to debt owners in which debt owners will
place consumer receivables with us for a specific period of time for a flat fee. This fee may be
based on the number of collectors assigned to the collection of these receivables, the amount of
receivables placed or other bases. We may not be successful in determining and implementing the
appropriate pricing for this pricing structure, which may cause us to be unable to generate a
profit from this business.
Our collections may decrease if certain types of bankruptcy filings involving liquidations increase
Various economic trends may contribute to an increase in the amount of personal bankruptcy
filings. Under certain bankruptcy filings a debtors assets may be sold to repay creditors, but
since the defaulted consumer receivables we service are generally unsecured we often would not be
able to collect on those receivables. We cannot ensure that our collection experience would not
decline with an increase in personal bankruptcy filings or a change in bankruptcy regulations or
practices. If our actual collection experience with respect to a defaulted bankrupt consumer
receivables portfolio is significantly lower than we projected when we purchased the portfolio, our
financial condition and results of operations could deteriorate.
We may make acquisitions that prove unsuccessful or strain or divert our resources
We intend to consider acquisitions of other companies in our industry that could complement
our business, including the acquisition of entities offering greater access and expertise in other
asset types and markets that are related but that we do not currently serve. If we do acquire
other businesses, we may not be able to successfully integrate these businesses with our own and we
may be unable to maintain our standards, controls and policies. Further, acquisitions may place
additional constraints on our resources by diverting the attention of our management from other
business concerns. Through acquisitions, we may enter markets in which we have no or limited
experience. Moreover, any acquisition may result in a potentially dilutive issuance of equity
securities, the incurrence of additional debt and amortization expenses of related intangible
assets, all of which could reduce our profitability and harm our business.
The loss of IGS customers could negatively affect our operations
In October 2004 we acquired substantially all of the assets of IGS Nevada, Inc. A significant
portion of the valuation was tied to existing client relationships. Our customers, in general, may
terminate their relationship with us on 90 days prior notice. In the event a customer or customers
terminate or significantly cut back any relationship with us, it could reduce our profitability and
harm our business and could potentially give rise to an impairment charge related to an intangible
asset specifically ascribed to existing client relationships.
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We may not be able to continually replace our defaulted consumer receivables with additional
receivables portfolios sufficient to operate efficiently and profitably
To operate profitably, we must continually acquire and service a sufficient amount of
defaulted consumer receivables to generate revenue that exceeds our expenses. Fixed costs such as
salaries and lease or other facility costs constitute a significant portion of our overhead and, if
we do not continually replace the defaulted consumer receivables portfolios we service with
additional portfolios, we may have to reduce the number of our collection personnel. We would then
have to rehire collection staff as we obtain additional defaulted consumer receivables portfolios.
These practices could lead to:
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low employee morale; |
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fewer experienced employees; |
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higher training costs; |
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disruptions in our operations; |
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loss of efficiency; and |
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excess costs associated with unused space in our facilities. |
Furthermore, heightened regulation of the credit card and consumer lending industry or
changing credit origination strategies may result in decreased availability of credit to consumers,
potentially leading to a future reduction in defaulted consumer receivables available for purchase
from debt owners. We cannot predict how our ability to identify and purchase receivables and the
quality of those receivables would be affected if there is a shift in consumer lending practices,
whether caused by changes in the regulations or accounting practices applicable to debt owners, a
sustained economic downturn or otherwise.
We may not be able to manage our growth effectively
We have expanded significantly since our formation and we intend to maintain our growth focus.
However, our growth will place additional demands on our resources and we cannot ensure that we
will be able to manage our growth effectively. In order to successfully manage our growth, we may
need to:
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expand and enhance our administrative infrastructure; |
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continue to improve our management, financial and information systems and controls; and |
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recruit, train, manage and retain our employees effectively. |
Continued growth could place a strain on our management, operations and financial resources.
We cannot ensure that our infrastructure, facilities and personnel will be adequate to support our
future operations or to effectively adapt to future growth. If we cannot manage our growth
effectively, our results of operations may be adversely affected.
Our operations could suffer from telecommunications or technology downtime or increased costs
Our success depends in large part on sophisticated telecommunications and computer systems.
The temporary or permanent loss of our computer and telecommunications equipment and software
systems, through casualty or operating malfunction, could disrupt our operations. In the normal
course of our business, we must record and process significant amounts of data quickly and
accurately to access, maintain and expand the databases we use for our collection activities. Any
failure of our information systems or software and our backup systems would interrupt our business
operations and harm our business. Our headquarters are located in a region that is susceptible to
hurricane damage, which may increase the risk of disruption of information systems and telephone
service for sustained periods.
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Further, our business depends heavily on services provided by various local and long distance
telephone companies. A significant increase in telephone service costs or any significant
interruption in telephone services could reduce our profitability or disrupt our operations and
harm our business.
We may not be able to successfully anticipate, manage or adopt technological advances within our
industry
Our business relies on computer and telecommunications technologies and our ability to
integrate these technologies into our business is essential to our competitive position and our
success. Computer and telecommunications technologies are evolving rapidly and are characterized
by short product life cycles. We may not be successful in anticipating, managing or adopting
technological changes on a timely basis.
While we believe that our existing information systems are sufficient to meet our current
demands and continued expansion, our future growth may require additional investment in these
systems. We depend on having the capital resources necessary to invest in new technologies to
acquire and service defaulted consumer receivables. We cannot ensure that adequate capital
resources will be available to us at the appropriate time.
Our senior management team is important to our continued success and the loss of one or more
members of senior management could negatively affect our operations
The loss of the services of one or more of our key executive officers or key employees could
disrupt our operations. We have employment agreements with Steve Fredrickson, our president, chief
executive officer and chairman of our board of directors, Kevin Stevenson, our executive vice
president and chief financial and administrative officer, Craig Grube, our executive vice president
of portfolio acquisitions, and most of our other senior executives. The current agreements contain
non-compete provisions that survive termination of employment. However, these agreements do not
and will not assure the continued services of these officers and we cannot ensure that the
non-compete provisions will be enforceable. Our success depends on the continued service and
performance of our key executive officers, and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to retain
those individuals. The loss of the services of Mr. Fredrickson, Mr. Stevenson, Mr. Grube or other
key executive officers could seriously impair our ability to continue to acquire or collect on
defaulted consumer receivables and to manage and expand our business. Under one of our credit
agreements, if both Mr. Fredrickson and Mr. Stevenson cease to be president and chief financial and
administrative officer, respectively, it would constitute a default.
Our ability to recover and enforce our defaulted consumer receivables may be limited under federal
and state laws
Federal and state laws may limit our ability to recover and enforce our defaulted consumer
receivables regardless of any act or omission on our part. Some laws and regulations applicable to
credit issuers may preclude us from collecting on defaulted consumer receivables we purchase if the
credit issuer previously failed to comply with applicable laws in generating or servicing those
receivables. Collection laws and regulations also directly apply to our business. Additional
consumer protection and privacy protection laws may be enacted that would impose additional
requirements on the enforcement of and collection on consumer credit receivables. Any new laws,
rules or regulations that may be adopted, as well as existing consumer protection and privacy
protection laws, may adversely affect our ability to collect on our defaulted consumer receivables
and may harm our business. In addition, federal and state governmental bodies are considering, and
may consider in the future, other legislative proposals that would regulate the collection of our
defaulted consumer receivables. Additionally, the Bankruptcy Reform Act is expected to temporarily
disrupt our historical bankruptcy collection curves, making it more difficult to accurately price
bankrupt accounts that filed bankruptcy on or after October 17, 2005, the effective date of the
Bankruptcy Reform Act. Further, new tax law changes such as Internal Revenue Code Section 6050P
(requiring 1099-C returns to be filed on discharge of indebtedness in excess of $600) could
negatively impact our ability to collect or cause us to incur additional expenses. Although we
cannot predict if or how any future legislation would impact our business, our failure to comply
with any current or future laws or regulations applicable to us could limit our ability to collect
on our defaulted consumer receivables, which could reduce our profitability and harm our business.
Our ability to recover on portfolios of bankrupt consumer receivables may be impacted by changes in
federal laws or the change in administrative practices of the various bankruptcy courts.
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Our ability to recover on portfolios of bankrupt consumer receivables may be impacted by changes in
federal laws or the change in administrative practices of the various bankruptcy courts
We recover on consumer receivables that have filed for bankruptcy protection under available
U.S. bankruptcy legislation. We recover on consumer receivables that have filed for bankruptcy
protection after we acquired them, and we also purchase accounts that are currently in bankruptcy
proceedings. Changes in bankruptcy laws may affect the process in which the various bankruptcy
courts administer bankruptcy plans as well as our ability to recover on bankrupt consumer
receivables.
We utilize the interest method of revenue recognition for determining our income recognized on
finance receivables, which is based on an analysis of projected cash flows that may prove to be
less than anticipated and could lead to reductions in future revenues or impairment charges
We utilize the interest method to determine income recognized on finance receivables. Under
this method, static pools of receivables we acquire are modeled upon their projected cash flows. A
yield is then established which, when applied to the unamortized purchase price of the receivables,
results in the recognition of income at a constant yield relative to the remaining balance in the
pool of defaulted consumer receivables. Each static pool is analyzed monthly to assess the actual
performance compared to that expected by the model. If the accuracy of the modeling process
deteriorates or there is a decline in anticipated cash flows, we would suffer reductions in future
revenues or a decline in the carrying value of our receivables portfolios or impairment charges,
which in any case would result in lower earnings in future periods and could negatively impact our
stock price.
We may be required to incur impairment charges as a result of the application of American Institute
of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position 03-3
In October 2003, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) issued
Statement of Position 03-3 (SOP 03-3), Accounting for Loans or Certain Securities Acquired in a
Transfer. SOP 03-3 provides guidance on accounting for differences between contractual and
expected cash flows from an investors initial investment in loans or debt securities acquired in a
transfer if those differences are attributable, at least in part, to credit quality. SOP 03-3 is
effective for loans acquired in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2004 and amends Practice
Bulletin 6 which remains in effect for loans acquired prior to the SOP 03-3 effective date. SOP
03-3 limits the revenue that may be accrued to the excess of the estimate of expected future cash
flows over a portfolios initial cost of accounts receivable acquired. SOP 03-3 requires that the
excess of the contractual cash flows over expected cash flows not be recognized as an adjustment of
revenue, expense, or on the balance sheet. SOP 03-3 initially freezes the internal rate of return,
referred to as IRR, originally estimated when the accounts receivable are purchased for subsequent
impairment testing. Rather than lower the estimated IRR if the original collection estimates are
not received, effective January 1, 2005, the carrying value of a portfolio will be written down to
maintain the then-current IRR. SOP 03-3 also amends Practice Bulletin 6 in a similar manner and
applies to all loans acquired prior to January 1, 2005. Increases in expected future cash flows can
be recognized prospectively through an upward adjustment of the IRR over a portfolios remaining
life. Any increased yield then becomes the new benchmark for impairment testing. SOP 03-3 provides
that previously issued annual financial statements would not need to be restated. Historically, as
we have applied the guidance of Practice Bulletin 6, we have moved yields upward and downward as
appropriate under that guidance. However, since SOP 03-3 guidance does not permit yields to be
lowered, under either the revised Practice Bulletin 6 or SOP 03-3, it will increase the probability
of us having to incur impairment charges in the future, which could reduce our profitability in a
given period and could negatively impact our stock price.
We incur increased costs as a result of enacted and proposed changes in laws and regulations
Enacted and proposed changes in the laws and regulations affecting public companies, including
the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules proposed by the SEC and by the NASDAQ
Global Stock Market, have resulted in increased costs to us as we implement their requirements.
These rules may affect the cost of certain types of insurance, including director and officer
liability insurance, or force us to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur
substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. The impact of these events could
also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of
directors, our board committees or as executive officers. We continue to evaluate and monitor
developments with respect to new and proposed rules and cannot predict or estimate the amount of
the additional costs we will incur or the timing of such costs.
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The future impact on us of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder
As directed by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the SEC adopted rules requiring
public companies to include a report by management on the companys internal control over financial
reporting in our annual reports on Form 10-K. This report is required to contain an assessment by
management of the effectiveness of such companys internal controls over financial reporting. In
addition, the public accounting firm auditing a public companys financial statements must attest
to and report on managements assessment of the effectiveness of the companys internal controls
over financial reporting. As is the case with many public companies, at this time the long-term
impact of Section 404 on us is unclear. In the future, if we are unable to comply with the
requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner, it could result in an adverse reaction in the
financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our internal controls over
financial reporting, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline and make it
more difficult for us to finance our operations.
The market price of our shares of common stock could fluctuate significantly
Wide fluctuations in the trading price or volume of our shares of common stock could be
caused by many factors, including factors relating to our company or to investor perception of our
company (including changes in financial estimates and recommendations by research analysts), but
also factors relating to (or relating to investor perception of) the accounts receivable management
industry or the economy in general.
Our certificate of incorporation, by-laws and Delaware law contain provisions that may prevent or
delay a change of control or that may otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders
Our certificate of incorporation and by-laws contain provisions that may make it more
difficult, expensive or otherwise discourage a tender offer or a change in control or takeover
attempt by a third-party, even if such a transaction would be beneficial to our stockholders. The
existence of these provisions may have a negative impact on the price of our common stock by
discouraging third-party investors from purchasing our common stock. In particular, our certificate
of incorporation and by-laws include provisions that:
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classify our board of directors into three groups, each of which will serve for staggered three-year terms; |
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permit a majority of the stockholders to remove our directors only for cause; |
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permit our directors, and not our stockholders, to fill vacancies on our board of directors; |
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require stockholders to give us advance notice to nominate candidates for election to our board of
directors or to make stockholder proposals at a stockholders meeting; |
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permit a special meeting of our stockholders be called only by approval of a majority of the directors,
the chairman of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president or the written request
of holders owning at least 30% of our common stock; |
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permit our board of directors to issue, without approval of our stockholders, preferred stock with such
terms as our board of directors may determine; |
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permit the authorized number of directors to be changed only by a resolution of the board of directors; and |
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require the vote of the holders of a majority of our voting shares for stockholder amendments to our
by-laws. |
23
In addition, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law which
provides certain restrictions on business combinations between us and any party acquiring a 15% or
greater interest in our voting stock other than in a transaction approved by our board of directors
and, in certain cases, by our stockholders. These provisions of our certificate of incorporation
and by-laws and Delaware law could delay or prevent a change in control, even if our stockholders
support such proposals. Moreover, these provisions could diminish the opportunities for
stockholders to participate in certain tender offers, including tender offers at prices above the
then-current market value of our common stock, and may also inhibit increases in the trading price
of our common stock that could result from takeover attempts or speculation.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 2. Properties.
Our principal executive offices and primary operations facility are located in
approximately 65,000 square feet of leased space in two adjacent buildings in Norfolk, Virginia.
This site can currently accommodate approximately 770 employees. We own a two-acre parcel of land
across from our headquarters which we developed into a parking lot for use by our employees. We
have also entered into a new lease for approximately 17,500 square feet in a new office being built
adjacent to our current Norfolk headquarters. The majority of this space will be occupied by our
administrative and executive staff. We expect to move into this new facility in the second quarter
of 2007.
We own an approximately 20,000 square foot facility in Hutchinson, Kansas, and contiguous
parcels of land which are used primarily for employee parking. The Hutchinson site can currently
accommodate approximately 200 employees. In conjunction with a recent expansion, we acquired an
additional 4,000 square foot building and 35,000 square feet of adjacent land in order to secure
parking for the expanded facility.
We also lease a facility located in approximately 21,000 square feet of space in Hampton,
Virginia which can accommodate approximately 300 employees.
We also lease a 13,500 square-foot call center in Las Vegas, Nevada which can accommodate
approximately 150 employees.
In connection with the purchase of Alatax, Inc. and the commencement of our RDS business, we
assumed existing leases for 5,600 square feet of office space in Birmingham, Alabama and
approximately 400 square feet of space in Montgomery, Alabama. We vacated the 5,600 square-foot
facility in December 2006 when RDS moved into a newly leased 15,000 square-foot facility in
Birmingham, Alabama. The new facility can accommodate approximately 160 employees.
In November 2006, we purchased a 34,000 square foot building and a nine-acre parcel of land in
Jackson, Tennessee. The new site can accommodate approximately 390 employees.
We do not consider any specific leased or owned facility to be material to our operations. We
believe that equally suitable alternative facilities are available in all areas where we currently
do business.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, we are involved in various legal proceedings which are incidental to
the ordinary course of our business. We regularly initiate lawsuits against consumers and are
occasionally countersued by them in such actions. Also, consumers occasionally initiate litigation
against us, in which they allege that we have violated a state or federal law in the process of
collecting on an account. We do not believe that these routine matters represent a substantial
volume of our accounts or that, individually or in the aggregate, they are material to our business
or financial condition.
24
We are not a party to any material legal proceedings and we are unaware of any contemplated
material actions against us.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Securityholders.
None.
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Price Range of Common Stock
Our common stock (Common Stock) began trading on the NASDAQ Global Stock Market under the
symbol PRAA on November 8, 2002. Prior to that time there was no public trading market for our
common stock. The following table sets forth the high and low sales price for the Common Stock, as
reported by the NASDAQ Global Stock Market, for the periods indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High |
|
Low |
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended March 31, 2005 |
|
$ |
43.00 |
|
|
$ |
33.52 |
|
Quarter ended June 30, 2005 |
|
$ |
42.29 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
Quarter ended September 30, 2005 |
|
$ |
45.00 |
|
|
$ |
38.71 |
|
Quarter ended December 31, 2005 |
|
$ |
48.39 |
|
|
$ |
35.00 |
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended March 31, 2006 |
|
$ |
51.77 |
|
|
$ |
43.89 |
|
Quarter ended June 30, 2006 |
|
$ |
52.98 |
|
|
$ |
43.91 |
|
Quarter ended September 30, 2006 |
|
$ |
46.81 |
|
|
$ |
38.23 |
|
Quarter ended December 31, 2006 |
|
$ |
47.97 |
|
|
$ |
41.11 |
|
As of February 16, 2007, there were 23 holders of record of the Common Stock. Based on
information provided by our transfer agent and registrar, we believe that there are 11,629
beneficial owners of the Common Stock.
Stock Performance
The following graph compares, from November 8, 2002, the date of the Companys initial public
offering, to December 31, 2006, the cumulative stockholder returns assuming an initial investment
of $100 on November 8, 2002 in the Companys Common Stock, the stocks comprising the NASDAQ Global
Market Composite Index and the stocks comprising a peer group index consisting of six peers.
Stock Performance
The comparisons of stock performance shown above are not intended to forecast or be indicative of
possible future performance of the Companys common stock. The Company does not make or endorse any
predictions as to its future stock performance. In 2006, two of the companies historically in the
peer group were removed because they are no longer publicly traded companies. The impact of these
companies has been removed for all prior periods. The companies removed were NCO Group, Inc. and
West Corporation.
25
Equity Incentives
The table below provides information with respect to securities authorized for issuance under
our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Securities to be Issued |
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Securities |
|
|
Number of Securities |
|
Upon Exercise of Outstanding |
|
Weighted-average |
|
Remaining Available for |
|
|
Authorized for |
|
Options, Warrants, and Rights or |
|
Exercise Price |
|
Future Issuance Under |
|
|
Issuance Under the |
|
Upon Vesting of Nonvested Shares |
|
Outstanding Options, |
|
Equity Compensation |
Plan Category |
|
Plan |
|
Under the Plan |
|
Warrants and Rights (1) |
|
Plan (2) |
Equity Compensation plans
approved by security holders |
|
|
2,000,000 |
|
|
|
472,127 |
|
|
$ |
10.48 |
|
|
|
995,300 |
|
Equity Compensation plans not
approved by security holders |
|
None |
|
None |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
None |
Total |
|
|
2,000,000 |
|
|
|
472,127 |
|
|
$ |
10.48 |
|
|
|
995,300 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes grants of nonvested shares, for which there is no exercise price, but with
respect to which shares are awarded without cost when the restrictions have been realized.
Excluding the impact of the nonvested shares, the weighted average exercise price of
outstanding options, warrants and rights is $16.43. |
|
(2) |
|
Excludes 532,573 exercised options and vested shares, which are not available for
re-issuance. |
Dividend Policy
Our board of directors sets our dividend policy. We do not currently pay dividends on our
Common Stock; however, our board of directors may determine in the future to declare or pay
dividends on our Common Stock. Any future determination as to the declaration and payment of
dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on then existing
conditions, including our financial condition, results of operations, contractual restrictions,
capital requirements, business prospects and other factors that our board of directors may consider
relevant.
26
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the audited financial
statements.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
2002 |
|
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INCOME STATEMENT DATA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income recognized on finance receivables |
|
$ |
163,357 |
|
|
$ |
134,674 |
|
|
$ |
106,254 |
|
|
$ |
81,796 |
|
|
$ |
53,803 |
|
Commissions |
|
|
24,965 |
|
|
|
13,851 |
|
|
|
7,142 |
|
|
|
3,131 |
|
|
|
1,944 |
|
Net gain on cash sales of defaulted consumer receivables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
|
188,322 |
|
|
|
148,525 |
|
|
|
113,396 |
|
|
|
84,927 |
|
|
|
55,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation and employee services |
|
|
58,142 |
|
|
|
44,332 |
|
|
|
36,620 |
|
|
|
28,987 |
|
|
|
21,701 |
|
Outside legal and other fees and services |
|
|
40,139 |
|
|
|
29,965 |
|
|
|
21,408 |
|
|
|
14,147 |
|
|
|
8,093 |
|
Communications |
|
|
5,876 |
|
|
|
4,424 |
|
|
|
3,638 |
|
|
|
2,772 |
|
|
|
1,915 |
|
Rent and occupancy |
|
|
2,276 |
|
|
|
2,101 |
|
|
|
1,745 |
|
|
|
1,189 |
|
|
|
799 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
|
4,758 |
|
|
|
3,424 |
|
|
|
2,712 |
|
|
|
1,932 |
|
|
|
1,436 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
5,131 |
|
|
|
4,679 |
|
|
|
2,383 |
|
|
|
1,445 |
|
|
|
940 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
116,322 |
|
|
|
88,925 |
|
|
|
68,506 |
|
|
|
50,472 |
|
|
|
34,884 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations |
|
|
72,000 |
|
|
|
59,600 |
|
|
|
44,890 |
|
|
|
34,455 |
|
|
|
20,963 |
|
Net interest income/(expenses) |
|
|
206 |
|
|
|
331 |
|
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
(542 |
) |
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
72,206 |
|
|
|
59,931 |
|
|
|
44,839 |
|
|
|
33,913 |
|
|
|
18,538 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
27,716 |
|
|
|
23,159 |
|
|
|
17,388 |
|
|
|
13,199 |
|
|
|
1,473 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (1) |
|
$ |
44,490 |
|
|
$ |
36,772 |
|
|
$ |
27,451 |
|
|
$ |
20,714 |
|
|
|
17,065 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma income taxes(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,694 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net income(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
11,371 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
2.80 |
|
|
$ |
2.35 |
|
|
$ |
1.79 |
|
|
$ |
1.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
2.77 |
|
|
$ |
2.28 |
|
|
$ |
1.73 |
|
|
$ |
1.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net income per share(3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1.08 |
|
Diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.94 |
|
Weighted average shares (3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
15,911 |
|
|
|
15,642 |
|
|
|
15,357 |
|
|
|
14,546 |
|
|
|
10,529 |
|
Diluted |
|
|
16,082 |
|
|
|
16,149 |
|
|
|
15,853 |
|
|
|
15,712 |
|
|
|
12,066 |
|
OPERATING AND OTHER FINANCIAL DATA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash collections and commissions (4) |
|
$ |
261,357 |
|
|
$ |
205,226 |
|
|
$ |
160,546 |
|
|
$ |
120,183 |
|
|
$ |
81,198 |
|
Operating expenses to cash collections and commissions |
|
|
45 |
% |
|
|
43 |
% |
|
|
43 |
% |
|
|
42 |
% |
|
|
43 |
% |
Return on equity (5) |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
21 |
% |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
25 |
% |
Acquisitions of finance receivables, at cost(6) |
|
$ |
112,406 |
|
|
$ |
149,645 |
|
|
$ |
61,165 |
|
|
$ |
61,815 |
|
|
$ |
42,382 |
|
Acquisitions of finance receivables, at face value |
|
$ |
7,788,158 |
|
|
$ |
5,307,918 |
|
|
$ |
3,340,434 |
|
|
$ |
2,229,682 |
|
|
$ |
1,966,296 |
|
Employees at period end: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total employees |
|
|
1,291 |
|
|
|
1,110 |
|
|
|
948 |
|
|
|
798 |
|
|
|
581 |
|
Ratio of collection personnel to total employees (7) |
|
|
88 |
% |
|
|
88 |
% |
|
|
89 |
% |
|
|
90 |
% |
|
|
88 |
% |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
At the time of our initial public offering, which commenced on November 8, 2002, we
changed our legal structure from a limited liability company to a corporation. As a limited
liability company we were not subject to Federal or state corporate income taxes. Therefore,
net income does not give effect to taxes for all periods prior to our initial public offering. |
|
(2) |
|
For comparison purposes, for periods prior to 2003 we have presented pro forma net income,
which reflects income taxes assuming we had been a corporation since the time of our formation
and assuming tax rates equal to the rates that would have been in effect had we been required
to report tax expenses in such years. We believe that pro forma net income for periods prior
to 2003 may be compared to net income for periods subsequent to 2002. |
|
(3) |
|
For periods prior to 2003, pro forma net income per share assumes the Company had reorganized
as a corporation since the beginning of the period presented. |
|
(4) |
|
Includes both cash collected on finance receivables and commission fees received during the
relevant period. |
|
(5) |
|
Calculated by dividing net income for each year by average monthly stockholders equity for
the same year. |
|
(6) |
|
Represents cash paid for finance receivables. It does not include certain capitalized costs
or purchase price refunded by the seller due to the return of non-compliant accounts (also
defined as buybacks). Non-compliant refers to the contractual representations and warranties
provided for in the purchase and sale contract between the seller and us. These
representations and warranties from the sellers generally cover account holders death or
bankruptcy and accounts settled or disputed prior to sale. The seller can replace or
repurchase these accounts. |
|
(7) |
|
Includes all collectors and all first-line collection supervisors at December 31. |
27
Below is listed some key balance sheet data for the periods presented:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BALANCE SHEET DATA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
25,101 |
|
|
$ |
15,985 |
|
|
$ |
24,513 |
|
|
$ |
24,912 |
|
|
$ |
11,989 |
|
Investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23,950 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,950 |
|
Finance receivables, net |
|
|
226,447 |
|
|
|
193,645 |
|
|
|
105,189 |
|
|
|
92,569 |
|
|
|
65,526 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
293,378 |
|
|
|
247,772 |
|
|
|
175,176 |
|
|
|
126,394 |
|
|
|
88,288 |
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
690 |
|
|
|
1,152 |
|
|
|
1,924 |
|
|
|
1,657 |
|
|
|
966 |
|
Total debt, including obligations under capital lease and revolving lines of credit |
|
|
932 |
|
|
|
16,535 |
|
|
|
2,501 |
|
|
|
2,208 |
|
|
|
1,465 |
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
247,278 |
|
|
|
195,322 |
|
|
|
151,389 |
|
|
|
119,148 |
|
|
|
80,608 |
|
Below is listed the quarterly income statements for the years ended December 31, 2006 and
2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Quarter Ended |
|
|
Dec. 31, |
|
Sept. 30, |
|
June 30, |
|
Mar. 31, |
|
Dec. 31, |
|
Sept. 30, |
|
June 30, |
|
Mar. 31, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INCOME STATEMENT DATA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income recognized on finance receivables |
|
$ |
41,830 |
|
|
$ |
41,760 |
|
|
$ |
40,394 |
|
|
$ |
39,373 |
|
|
$ |
34,614 |
|
|
$ |
33,987 |
|
|
$ |
33,823 |
|
|
$ |
32,249 |
|
Commissions |
|
|
7,129 |
|
|
|
6,076 |
|
|
|
5,791 |
|
|
|
5,968 |
|
|
|
4,712 |
|
|
|
3,518 |
|
|
|
2,093 |
|
|
|
3,529 |
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
|
48,959 |
|
|
|
47,836 |
|
|
|
46,185 |
|
|
|
45,341 |
|
|
|
39,326 |
|
|
|
37,505 |
|
|
|
35,916 |
|
|
|
35,778 |
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation and employee services |
|
|
15,160 |
|
|
|
14,550 |
|
|
|
14,335 |
|
|
|
14,096 |
|
|
|
11,841 |
|
|
|
11,216 |
|
|
|
10,415 |
|
|
|
10,861 |
|
Outside legal and other fees and services |
|
|
10,757 |
|
|
|
10,582 |
|
|
|
9,740 |
|
|
|
9,060 |
|
|
|
7,811 |
|
|
|
7,417 |
|
|
|
7,575 |
|
|
|
7,162 |
|
Communications |
|
|
1,483 |
|
|
|
1,475 |
|
|
|
1,304 |
|
|
|
1,614 |
|
|
|
1,211 |
|
|
|
1,116 |
|
|
|
1,040 |
|
|
|
1,058 |
|
Rent and occupancy |
|
|
583 |
|
|
|
573 |
|
|
|
560 |
|
|
|
561 |
|
|
|
558 |
|
|
|
555 |
|
|
|
512 |
|
|
|
476 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
|
1,264 |
|
|
|
1,212 |
|
|
|
1,205 |
|
|
|
1,076 |
|
|
|
1,108 |
|
|
|
834 |
|
|
|
729 |
|
|
|
753 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
1,360 |
|
|
|
1,279 |
|
|
|
1,239 |
|
|
|
1,253 |
|
|
|
1,410 |
|
|
|
1,288 |
|
|
|
1,039 |
|
|
|
940 |
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
30,607 |
|
|
|
29,671 |
|
|
|
28,383 |
|
|
|
27,660 |
|
|
|
23,939 |
|
|
|
22,426 |
|
|
|
21,310 |
|
|
|
21,250 |
|
|
|
|
Income from operations |
|
|
18,352 |
|
|
|
18,165 |
|
|
|
17,802 |
|
|
|
17,681 |
|
|
|
15,387 |
|
|
|
15,079 |
|
|
|
14,606 |
|
|
|
14,528 |
|
Net interest income (expense) |
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
96 |
|
|
|
(95 |
) |
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
18,452 |
|
|
|
18,270 |
|
|
|
17,898 |
|
|
|
17,586 |
|
|
|
15,428 |
|
|
|
15,208 |
|
|
|
14,735 |
|
|
|
14,560 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
7,038 |
|
|
|
7,027 |
|
|
|
6,795 |
|
|
|
6,856 |
|
|
|
5,980 |
|
|
|
5,866 |
|
|
|
5,673 |
|
|
|
5,640 |
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
11,414 |
|
|
$ |
11,243 |
|
|
$ |
11,103 |
|
|
$ |
10,730 |
|
|
$ |
9,448 |
|
|
$ |
9,342 |
|
|
$ |
9,062 |
|
|
$ |
8,920 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.72 |
|
|
$ |
0.71 |
|
|
$ |
0.70 |
|
|
$ |
0.68 |
|
|
$ |
0.60 |
|
|
$ |
0.60 |
|
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
$ |
0.57 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.71 |
|
|
$ |
0.70 |
|
|
$ |
0.69 |
|
|
$ |
0.67 |
|
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
$ |
0.56 |
|
|
$ |
0.55 |
|
Weighted average shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
15,960 |
|
|
|
15,915 |
|
|
|
15,897 |
|
|
|
15,872 |
|
|
|
15,745 |
|
|
|
15,692 |
|
|
|
15,599 |
|
|
|
15,532 |
|
Diluted |
|
|
16,106 |
|
|
|
16,071 |
|
|
|
16,085 |
|
|
|
16,065 |
|
|
|
16,196 |
|
|
|
16,173 |
|
|
|
16,074 |
|
|
|
16,152 |
|
28
Below is listed the quarterly balance sheet for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended |
|
|
Dec. 31, |
|
Sept. 30, |
|
June 30, |
|
Mar. 31, |
|
Dec. 31, |
|
Sept. 30, |
|
June 30, |
|
Mar. 31, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BALANCE SHEET DATA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
25,101 |
|
|
$ |
26,662 |
|
|
$ |
25,205 |
|
|
$ |
23,352 |
|
|
$ |
15,985 |
|
|
$ |
67,398 |
|
|
$ |
68,515 |
|
|
$ |
61,093 |
|
Finance receivables, net |
|
|
226,447 |
|
|
|
211,763 |
|
|
|
197,438 |
|
|
|
189,847 |
|
|
|
193,645 |
|
|
|
117,246 |
|
|
|
114,838 |
|
|
|
107,344 |
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
11,193 |
|
|
|
7,730 |
|
|
|
7,289 |
|
|
|
7,569 |
|
|
|
7,186 |
|
|
|
7,432 |
|
|
|
6,755 |
|
|
|
6,057 |
|
Income tax receivable |
|
|
1,513 |
|
|
|
662 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
|
18,287 |
|
|
|
18,287 |
|
|
|
18,287 |
|
|
|
18,287 |
|
|
|
18,287 |
|
|
|
18,288 |
|
|
|
6,397 |
|
|
|
6,397 |
|
Intangible assets, net |
|
|
6,754 |
|
|
|
7,321 |
|
|
|
7,888 |
|
|
|
8,456 |
|
|
|
9,023 |
|
|
|
9,777 |
|
|
|
5,429 |
|
|
|
5,874 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
4,083 |
|
|
|
2,845 |
|
|
|
3,009 |
|
|
|
3,748 |
|
|
|
3,646 |
|
|
|
1,688 |
|
|
|
1,689 |
|
|
|
2,717 |
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
293,378 |
|
|
$ |
275,270 |
|
|
$ |
259,116 |
|
|
$ |
251,259 |
|
|
$ |
247,772 |
|
|
$ |
221,829 |
|
|
$ |
203,623 |
|
|
$ |
189,482 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities and Stockholders Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
2,891 |
|
|
$ |
2,763 |
|
|
$ |
1,536 |
|
|
$ |
3,624 |
|
|
$ |
2,333 |
|
|
$ |
2,738 |
|
|
$ |
313 |
|
|
$ |
1,754 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
|
2,579 |
|
|
|
2,639 |
|
|
|
4,420 |
|
|
|
4,516 |
|
|
|
2,239 |
|
|
|
1,964 |
|
|
|
1,837 |
|
|
|
1,703 |
|
Income taxes payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
929 |
|
|
|
5,009 |
|
|
|
3,055 |
|
|
|
3,486 |
|
|
|
6,940 |
|
|
|
2,766 |
|
Accrued payroll and bonuses |
|
|
6,245 |
|
|
|
6,091 |
|
|
|
4,039 |
|
|
|
3,657 |
|
|
|
5,943 |
|
|
|
5,535 |
|
|
|
4,865 |
|
|
|
3,128 |
|
Deferred tax liability |
|
|
33,453 |
|
|
|
28,971 |
|
|
|
25,119 |
|
|
|
23,378 |
|
|
|
22,346 |
|
|
|
21,865 |
|
|
|
15,408 |
|
|
|
15,676 |
|
Revolving lines of credit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
690 |
|
|
|
807 |
|
|
|
922 |
|
|
|
1,035 |
|
|
|
1,152 |
|
|
|
1,269 |
|
|
|
1,669 |
|
|
|
1,797 |
|
Obligations under capital lease |
|
|
242 |
|
|
|
276 |
|
|
|
310 |
|
|
|
345 |
|
|
|
382 |
|
|
|
428 |
|
|
|
477 |
|
|
|
526 |
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
46,100 |
|
|
|
41,547 |
|
|
|
37,275 |
|
|
|
41,564 |
|
|
|
52,450 |
|
|
|
37,285 |
|
|
|
31,509 |
|
|
|
27,350 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock |
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
159 |
|
|
|
159 |
|
|
|
159 |
|
|
|
158 |
|
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
156 |
|
|
|
156 |
|
Additional paid in capital |
|
|
115,528 |
|
|
|
113,387 |
|
|
|
112,749 |
|
|
|
111,706 |
|
|
|
108,063 |
|
|
|
106,735 |
|
|
|
103,648 |
|
|
|
102,728 |
|
Retained earnings |
|
|
131,590 |
|
|
|
120,177 |
|
|
|
108,933 |
|
|
|
97,830 |
|
|
|
87,101 |
|
|
|
77,652 |
|
|
|
68,310 |
|
|
|
59,248 |
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
247,278 |
|
|
|
233,723 |
|
|
|
221,841 |
|
|
|
209,695 |
|
|
|
195,322 |
|
|
|
184,544 |
|
|
|
172,114 |
|
|
|
162,132 |
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
293,378 |
|
|
$ |
275,270 |
|
|
$ |
259,116 |
|
|
$ |
251,259 |
|
|
$ |
247,772 |
|
|
$ |
221,829 |
|
|
$ |
203,623 |
|
|
$ |
189,482 |
|
|
|
|
29
Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain operating data in dollars and as a percentage of total
revenue for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income recognized on finance receivables |
|
$ |
163,357,323 |
|
|
|
86.7 |
% |
|
$ |
134,674,344 |
|
|
|
90.7 |
% |
|
$ |
106,254,441 |
|
|
|
93.7 |
% |
Commissions |
|
|
24,964,444 |
|
|
|
13.3 |
|
|
|
13,850,805 |
|
|
|
9.3 |
|
|
|
7,141,796 |
|
|
|
6.3 |
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
|
188,321,767 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
148,525,149 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
113,396,237 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation and employee services |
|
|
58,141,684 |
|
|
|
30.9 |
|
|
|
44,332,298 |
|
|
|
29.8 |
|
|
|
36,620,054 |
|
|
|
32.3 |
|
Outside legal and other fees and services |
|
|
40,139,272 |
|
|
|
21.3 |
|
|
|
29,964,999 |
|
|
|
20.2 |
|
|
|
21,407,570 |
|
|
|
18.9 |
|
Communications |
|
|
5,875,815 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
4,424,080 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
3,638,144 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
Rent and occupancy |
|
|
2,276,140 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
2,100,914 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
1,744,885 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
|
4,758,157 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
3,423,791 |
|
|
|
2.3 |
|
|
|
2,712,463 |
|
|
|
2.4 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
5,130,628 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
4,678,598 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
2,382,896 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
116,321,696 |
|
|
|
61.8 |
|
|
|
88,924,680 |
|
|
|
59.9 |
|
|
|
68,506,012 |
|
|
|
60.4 |
|
|
|
|
Income from operations |
|
|
72,000,071 |
|
|
|
38.2 |
|
|
|
59,600,469 |
|
|
|
40.1 |
|
|
|
44,890,225 |
|
|
|
39.6 |
|
Interest income |
|
|
584,092 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
611,490 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
222,718 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(378,546 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
(280,503 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
(273,355 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
72,205,617 |
|
|
|
38.3 |
|
|
|
59,931,456 |
|
|
|
40.4 |
|
|
|
44,839,588 |
|
|
|
39.5 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
27,715,801 |
|
|
|
14.7 |
|
|
|
23,159,461 |
|
|
|
15.6 |
|
|
|
17,388,148 |
|
|
|
15.3 |
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
44,489,816 |
|
|
|
23.6 |
% |
|
$ |
36,771,995 |
|
|
|
24.8 |
% |
|
$ |
27,451,440 |
|
|
|
24.2 |
% |
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
Revenue
Total revenue was $188.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $39.8
million or 26.8% compared to total revenue of $148.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Income Recognized on Finance Receivables
Income recognized on finance receivables was $163.4 million for the year ended December 31,
2006, an increase of $28.7 million or 21.3% compared to income recognized on finance receivables of
$134.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. The majority of the increase was due to an
increase in our cash collections on our owned defaulted consumer receivables to $236.4 million from
$191.4 million, an increase of $45.0 million or 23.5%. Our amortization rate on owned portfolios
for the year ended December 31, 2006 was 30.9% while for the year ended December 31, 2005 it was
29.6%. During the year ended December 31, 2006, we acquired defaulted consumer receivables
portfolios with an aggregate face value amount of $7.8 billion at an original purchase price of
$112.4 million. During the year ended December 31, 2005, we acquired defaulted consumer receivable
portfolios with an aggregate face value of $5.3 billion at an original purchase price of $149.6
million. In any period, we acquire defaulted consumer receivables that can vary dramatically in
their age, type and ultimate collectibility. We may pay significantly different purchase rates for
purchased receivables within any period as a result of this quality fluctuation. As a result, the
average purchase rate paid for any given period can fluctuate dramatically based on our particular
buying activity in that period. However, regardless of the average purchase price, we intend to
target a similar internal rate of return (after direct expenses) in pricing our portfolio
acquisitions; therefore, the absolute rate paid is not necessarily relevant to estimated
profitability of a periods buying.
Income recognized on finance receivables is shown net of valuation allowances recognized under
SOP 03-3, which requires that a valuation allowance be taken for decreases in expected cash flows.
For the year ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 we booked allowance charges of $1.1 million and $0.2
million, respectively.
30
Commissions
Commissions were $25.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $11.1
million or 79.9% compared to commissions of $13.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Commissions increased as a result of the addition of our RDS government processing and collection
business in the third quarter of 2005 as well as increases in revenue in both our IGS
fee-for-service business and our ARM contingent fee business compared to the prior year period.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses were $116.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase
of $27.4 million or 30.8% compared to total operating expenses of $88.9 million for the year ended
December 31, 2005. Total operating expenses, including compensation expenses, were 44.5% of cash
receipts for the year ended December 31, 2006 compared with 43.3% for the same period in 2005.
Compensation and Employee Services
Compensation and employee services expenses were $58.1 million for the year ended December 31,
2006, an increase of $13.8 million or 31.2% compared to compensation and employee services expenses
of $44.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. Compensation and employee services
expenses increased as total employees grew from 1,110 at December 31, 2005 to 1,291 at December 31,
2006. Additionally, existing employees received normal salary increases. Compensation and
employee services expenses as a percentage of cash receipts excluding sales increased to 22.3% for
the year ended December 31, 2006 from 21.6% of cash receipts excluding sales for the same period in
2005 as a result of increased collector headcount as well as increases in salaries related to the
hiring of non-collection personnel including several key new employees in our information
technology department.
Outside Legal and Other Fees and Services
Outside legal and other fees and services expenses were $40.1 million for the year ended
December 31, 2006, an increase of $10.1 million or 33.7% compared to outside legal and other fees
and services expenses of $30.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. Of the $10.1 million
increase, $1.0 million was attributable to increases in outside fees and services, $1.8 million was
attributable to increases in agency fees mainly incurred by our IGS subsidiary, $0.5 million was
attributable to increases in credit bureau fees and $0.7 million was attributable in increases in
corporate legal expenses which included legal fees incurred as a result of the investigation
requested by the audit committee that occurred during the third quarter of 2006. The remaining
$6.1 million of the increase was attributable to the increased cash collections resulting from the
increased number of accounts referred to independent contingent fee attorneys. This increase is
consistent with the growth we experienced in our portfolio of defaulted consumer receivables and a
portfolio management strategy implemented in mid-2002. This strategy resulted in us referring to
the legal suit process more unsuccessfully liquidated accounts that have an identified means of
repayment but that are nearing their legal statute of limitations, than had been referred
historically. Legal cash collections represented 32.2% of total cash collections for the year
ended December 31, 2006, compared to 33.1% for the year ended December 31, 2005. Total legal
expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 were 37.4% of legal cash collections compared to
35.1% for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Communications
Communications expenses were $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of
$1.5 million or 34.1% compared to communications expenses of $4.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 2005. The increase was attributable to growth in mailings and higher telephone
expenses incurred to collect on a greater number of defaulted consumer receivables owned and
serviced. Mailings were responsible for 80.0% or $1.2 million of this increase, while the
remaining 20.0% or $0.3 million was attributable to higher phone charges.
31
Rent and Occupancy
Rent and occupancy expenses were $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an
increase of $175,000 or 8.3% compared to rent and occupancy expenses of $2.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 2005. The increases were mainly attributable to the commencement of our RDS
business, the opening of our new IGS location which opened in April 2005 and higher utility and
other occupancy charges generally. Of the $175,000 increase in 2006, the new RDS location accounted
for $89,000 of the increase, the new IGS space accounted for $42,000 of the increase and utility
and other occupancy charges accounted for $64,000 of the increase. This was partially offset by a
$20,000 decrease in storage and other facility charges.
Other Operating Expenses
Other operating expenses were $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase
of $1.4 million or 41.2% compared to other operating expenses of $3.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 2005. The increase was due to increases in travel and meals, miscellaneous expenses,
hiring expenses, repairs and maintenance, taxes fees and licenses and other expenses. Travel and
meals increased by $456,000, miscellaneous expenses increased by $368,000, hiring expenses
increased by $226,000, repairs and maintenance increased by $148,000, taxes, fees and licenses
increased by $111,000 and other expenses increased by $82,000.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses were $5.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2006,
an increase of $0.4 million or 8.5% compared to depreciation and amortization expenses of $4.7
million for the year ended December 31, 2005. The increase was attributable to expenditures for
the RDS expansion and the new Jackson, Tennessee facility in 2006, as well as continued capital
expenditures on equipment, software and computers related to our growth and systems upgrades.
Interest Income
Interest income was $584,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006, a decrease of $27,000 or
4.4% compared to interest income of $611,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005. This decrease is
the result of the investment of larger balances in higher yielding auction rate certificates and
tax exempt money market accounts in 2005 than in 2006.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $379,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $98,000 or
34.9% compared to interest expense of $281,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005. The increase
is due to a higher unused line fee under the new revolving credit arrangement offset by a decrease
due to lower balances on our long-term debt and obligations under capital leases.
Year Ended December 31, 2005 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2004
Revenue
Total revenue was $148.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $35.1
million or 31.0% compared to total revenue of $113.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Income Recognized on Finance Receivables
Income recognized on finance receivables was $134.7 million for the year ended December 31,
2005, an increase of $28.4 million or 26.7% compared to income recognized on finance receivables of
$106.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. The majority of the increase was due to an
increase in our cash collections on our owned defaulted consumer receivables to $191.4 million from
$153.4 million, an increase of 24.8%. Our amortization rate on owned portfolios for the year ended
December 31, 2005 was 29.6% while for the year ended December 31, 2004 it was 30.7%. During the
year ended December 31, 2005, we acquired defaulted consumer receivables portfolios with an
aggregate face value amount of $5.3 billion at an original purchase price of $149.6 million, of
which more than 60% was purchased in the fourth quarter. During the year ended December 31, 2004,
we acquired defaulted consumer receivable portfolios with an aggregate face value of $3.3 billion
at an original purchase price of $61.2 million. In any period, we acquire defaulted consumer
receivables that can vary dramatically in their age, type and ultimate collectibility. We may pay
significantly different purchase rates for purchased receivables within any period as a result of
this quality fluctuation. As a result, the average purchase rate paid for any given period can
fluctuate dramatically based on our particular buying activity in that period. However, regardless
of the average purchase price, we intend to target a similar internal rate of return (after direct
expenses) in pricing our portfolio acquisitions; therefore, the absolute rate paid is not
necessarily relevant to estimated profitability of a periods buying.
32
Income recognized on finance receivables is shown net of valuation allowances recognized under
SOP 03-3, which requires that a valuation allowance be taken for decreases in expected cash flows.
For the year ended December 31, 2005 we booked an allowance charge of $200,000. For the year ended
December 31, 2004 we accounted for defaulted consumer receivables under Practice Bulletin 6, which
allowed lowering of yields for decreases in expected cash flows, and therefore no valuation
allowances were recognized.
Commissions
Commissions were $13.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $6.8
million or 95.8% compared to commissions of $7.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Commissions increased as a result of the additions of our IGS fee-for-service business in the
fourth quarter of 2004 and our RDS government processing and collection business in the third
quarter of 2005, as well as a slight increase in revenue generated by our ARM contingent fee
business compared to the prior year period.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses were $88.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, an increase
of $20.4 million or 29.8% compared to total operating expenses of $68.5 million for the year ended
December 31, 2004. Total operating expenses, including compensation expenses, were 43.3% of cash
receipts for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared with 42.7% for the same period in 2004.
Compensation and Employee Services
Compensation and employee services expenses were $44.3 million for the year ended December 31,
2005, an increase of $7.7 million or 21.0% compared to compensation and employee services expenses
of $36.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. Compensation and employee services
expenses increased as total employees grew from 948 at December 31, 2004 to 1,110 at December 31,
2005. Additionally, existing employees received normal salary increases. Compensation and
employee services expenses as a percentage of cash receipts excluding sales decreased to 21.6% for
the year ended December 31, 2005 from 22.8% of cash receipts excluding sales for the same period in
2004.
Outside Legal and Other Fees and Services
Outside legal and other fees and services expenses were $30.0 million for the year ended
December 31, 2005, an increase of $8.6 million or 40.2% compared to outside legal and other fees
and services expenses of $21.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. The increase was
attributable to the increased cash collections resulting from the increased number of accounts
placed with independent contingent fee attorneys. This increase is consistent with the growth we
experienced in our portfolio of defaulted consumer receivables and a portfolio management strategy
implemented in mid-2002. This strategy resulted in us referring to the legal suit process more
unsuccessfully liquidated accounts that have an identified means of repayment but that are nearing
their legal statute of limitations, than had been referred historically. Legal cash collections
represented 33.1% of total cash collections for the year ended December 31, 2005, up from 30.2% for
the year ended December 31, 2004. Total legal expenses for the year ended December 31, 2005 were
35.1% of legal cash collections compared to 34.5% for the year ended December 31, 2004.
33
Communications
Communications expenses were $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, an increase of
$786,000 or 21.8% compared to communications expenses of $3.6 million for the year ended December
31, 2004. The increase was attributable to growth in mailings and higher telephone expenses
incurred to collect on a greater number of defaulted consumer receivables owned and serviced.
Mailings were responsible for 94.9% or $746,000 of this increase, while the remaining 5.1% or
$40,000 was attributable to higher phone charges.
Rent and Occupancy
Rent and occupancy expenses were $2.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, an
increase of $356,000 or 20.9% compared to rent and occupancy expenses of $1.7 million for the year
ended December 31, 2004. The increases were mainly attributable to rent escalations at our
Norfolk, Virginia location, the commencement of our RDS business, the opening of our new IGS
location which opened in April 2005 and higher utility and other occupancy charges generally. Of
the $356,000 increase in 2005, the new IGS space accounted for $188,000 of the increase, the
Norfolk rent escalations accounted for $81,000 of the increase, the new RDS location accounted for
$33,000 and utility and other occupancy charges accounted for $72,000 of the increase. This was
offset by a decrease of $18,000 related to the Virginia Beach, Virginia administrative space that
was vacated in January 2004 and other storage spaces.
Other Operating Expenses
Other operating expenses were $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, an increase
of $712,000 or 26.3% compared to other operating expenses of $2.7 million for the year ended
December 31, 2004. The increase was due to increases in taxes, fees and licenses, travel and
meals, advertising and marketing, repairs and maintenance, insurance expenses and other
miscellaneous expenses. Taxes, fees and licenses increased by $184,000, travel and meals increased
by $179,000, advertising and marketing increased by $111,000, repairs and maintenance expenses
increased by $42,000, insurance expenses increased by $58,000 and other expense items increased by
$138,000.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses were $4.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2005,
an increase of $2.3 million or 95.8% compared to depreciation and amortization expenses of $2.4
million for the year ended December 31, 2004. The increase was attributable to the depreciation
and amortization of the acquired assets of IGS and RDS and the continued capital expenditures on
equipment, software and computers related to our growth and systems upgrades. The amortization of
the IGS and RDS intangible assets accounted for $1.8 million of the increase while the remaining
increase of $0.5 million resulted from continued capital expenditures on equipment, software and
computers.
Interest Income
Interest income was $611,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $388,000 or
174.0% compared to interest income of $223,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004. This increase
is the result of the investment of larger balances in higher yielding auction rate certificates and
tax exempt money market accounts in 2005 than in 2004.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $281,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $8,000 or
2.9% compared to interest expense of $273,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004. The increase
is due to a higher unused line fee under the new revolving credit arrangement offset by a decrease
due to lower balances on our long-term debt and obligations under capital leases.
34
Supplemental Performance Data
Owned Portfolio Performance:
The following tables show certain data related to our owned portfolio. These tables describe
the purchase price, cash collections and related multiples. Further, these tables disclose our
entire portfolio, the portfolio of purchased bankrupt accounts only and our entire portfolio less
the impact of our purchased bankrupt accounts. The accounts represented in the purchased
bankruptcy tables are those accounts that were bankrupt at the time of purchase. This contrasts
with accounts that file bankruptcy after we purchase them.
($ in thousands)
Entire Portfolio
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unamortized |
|
Percentage |
|
Actual Cash |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Price |
|
of Purchase Price |
|
Collections |
|
Estimated |
|
|
|
|
|
Total Estimated |
Purchase |
|
Purchase |
|
Balance at |
|
Remaining Unamortized |
|
Including Cash |
|
Remaining |
|
Total Estimated |
|
Collections to |
Period |
|
Price(1) |
|
December 31, 2006 (2) |
|
at December 31, 2006 (3) |
|
Sales |
|
Collections (4) |
|
Collections (5) |
|
Purchase Price (6) |
1996 |
|
$ |
3,080 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
9,713 |
|
|
$ |
57 |
|
|
$ |
9,770 |
|
|
|
317 |
% |
1997 |
|
$ |
7,685 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
23,898 |
|
|
$ |
203 |
|
|
$ |
24,101 |
|
|
|
314 |
% |
1998 |
|
$ |
11,089 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
34,340 |
|
|
$ |
346 |
|
|
$ |
34,686 |
|
|
|
313 |
% |
1999 |
|
$ |
18,898 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
60,922 |
|
|
$ |
1,151 |
|
|
$ |
62,073 |
|
|
|
328 |
% |
2000 |
|
$ |
25,016 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
96,049 |
|
|
$ |
3,663 |
|
|
$ |
99,712 |
|
|
|
399 |
% |
2001 |
|
$ |
33,468 |
|
|
$ |
457 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
$ |
140,777 |
|
|
$ |
11,549 |
|
|
$ |
152,326 |
|
|
|
455 |
% |
2002 |
|
$ |
42,280 |
|
|
$ |
1,909 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
$ |
144,310 |
|
|
$ |
17,684 |
|
|
$ |
161,994 |
|
|
|
383 |
% |
2003 |
|
$ |
61,461 |
|
|
$ |
8,248 |
|
|
|
13 |
% |
|
$ |
170,381 |
|
|
$ |
40,950 |
|
|
$ |
211,331 |
|
|
|
344 |
% |
2004 |
|
$ |
59,331 |
|
|
$ |
15,384 |
|
|
|
26 |
% |
|
$ |
104,924 |
|
|
$ |
57,948 |
|
|
$ |
162,872 |
|
|
|
275 |
% |
2005 |
|
$ |
143,366 |
|
|
$ |
101,243 |
|
|
|
71 |
% |
|
$ |
94,113 |
|
|
$ |
211,636 |
|
|
$ |
305,749 |
|
|
|
213 |
% |
2006 |
|
$ |
109,671 |
|
|
$ |
99,206 |
|
|
|
90 |
% |
|
$ |
22,971 |
|
|
$ |
208,034 |
|
|
$ |
231,005 |
|
|
|
211 |
% |
Purchased Bankruptcy only Portfolio
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unamortized |
|
Percentage |
|
Actual Cash |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Price |
|
of Purchase Price |
|
Collections |
|
Estimated |
|
|
|
|
|
Total Estimated |
Purchase |
|
Purchase |
|
Balance at |
|
Remaining Unamortized |
|
Including Cash |
|
Remaining |
|
Total Estimated |
|
Collections to |
Period |
|
Price(1) |
|
December 31, 2006 (2) |
|
at December 31, 2006 (3) |
|
Sales |
|
Collections (4) |
|
Collections (5) |
|
Purchase Price (6) |
1996 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
1997 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
1998 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
1999 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
2000 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
2001 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
2002 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
2003 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
2004 |
|
$ |
7,472 |
|
|
$ |
2,937 |
|
|
|
39 |
% |
|
$ |
9,253 |
|
|
$ |
6,603 |
|
|
$ |
15,856 |
|
|
|
212 |
% |
2005 |
|
$ |
29,358 |
|
|
$ |
16,176 |
|
|
|
55 |
% |
|
$ |
19,278 |
|
|
$ |
22,298 |
|
|
$ |
41,576 |
|
|
|
142 |
% |
2006 |
|
$ |
18,650 |
|
|
$ |
13,330 |
|
|
|
71 |
% |
|
$ |
5,608 |
|
|
$ |
20,367 |
|
|
$ |
25,975 |
|
|
|
139 |
% |
Entire Portfolio less Purchased Bankruptcy Portfolio
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unamortized |
|
Percentage |
|
Actual Cash |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Price |
|
of Purchase Price |
|
Collections |
|
Estimated |
|
|
|
|
|
Total Estimated |
Purchase |
|
Purchase |
|
Balance at |
|
Remaining Unamortized |
|
Including Cash |
|
Remaining |
|
Total Estimated |
|
Collections to |
Period |
|
Price(1) |
|
December 31, 2006 (2) |
|
at December 31, 2006 (3) |
|
Sales |
|
Collections (4) |
|
Collections (5) |
|
Purchase Price (6) |
1996 |
|
$ |
3,080 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
9,713 |
|
|
$ |
57 |
|
|
$ |
9,770 |
|
|
|
317 |
% |
1997 |
|
$ |
7,685 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
23,898 |
|
|
$ |
203 |
|
|
$ |
24,101 |
|
|
|
314 |
% |
1998 |
|
$ |
11,089 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
34,340 |
|
|
$ |
346 |
|
|
$ |
34,686 |
|
|
|
313 |
% |
1999 |
|
$ |
18,898 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
60,922 |
|
|
$ |
1,151 |
|
|
$ |
62,073 |
|
|
|
328 |
% |
2000 |
|
$ |
25,016 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
$ |
96,049 |
|
|
$ |
3,663 |
|
|
$ |
99,712 |
|
|
|
399 |
% |
2001 |
|
$ |
33,468 |
|
|
$ |
457 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
$ |
140,777 |
|
|
$ |
11,549 |
|
|
$ |
152,326 |
|
|
|
455 |
% |
2002 |
|
$ |
42,280 |
|
|
$ |
1,909 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
$ |
144,310 |
|
|
$ |
17,684 |
|
|
$ |
161,994 |
|
|
|
383 |
% |
2003 |
|
$ |
61,461 |
|
|
$ |
8,248 |
|
|
|
13 |
% |
|
$ |
170,381 |
|
|
$ |
40,950 |
|
|
$ |
211,331 |
|
|
|
344 |
% |
2004 |
|
$ |
51,859 |
|
|
$ |
12,447 |
|
|
|
24 |
% |
|
$ |
95,671 |
|
|
$ |
51,345 |
|
|
$ |
147,016 |
|
|
|
283 |
% |
2005 |
|
$ |
114,008 |
|
|
$ |
85,067 |
|
|
|
75 |
% |
|
$ |
74,835 |
|
|
$ |
189,338 |
|
|
$ |
264,173 |
|
|
|
232 |
% |
2006 |
|
$ |
91,021 |
|
|
$ |
85,876 |
|
|
|
94 |
% |
|
$ |
17,363 |
|
|
$ |
187,667 |
|
|
$ |
205,030 |
|
|
|
225 |
% |
35
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Purchase price refers to the cash paid to a seller to acquire defaulted consumer
receivables, plus certain capitalized costs, less the purchase price refunded by the seller
due to the return of non-compliant accounts (also defined as buybacks). Non-compliant
refers to the contractual representations and warranties provided for in the purchase and
sale contract between the seller and us. These representations and warranties from the
sellers generally cover account holders death or bankruptcy and accounts settled or
disputed prior to sale. The seller can replace or repurchase these accounts. |
|
(2) |
|
Unamortized purchase price balance refers to the purchase price less amortization over
the life of the portfolio. |
|
(3) |
|
Percentage of purchase price remaining unamortized refers to the amount of unamortized
purchase price divided by the purchase price. |
|
(4) |
|
Estimated remaining collections refers to the sum of all future projected cash
collections on our owned portfolios. |
|
(5) |
|
Total estimated collections refers to the actual cash collections, including cash
sales, plus estimated remaining collections. |
|
(6) |
|
Total estimated collections to purchase price refers to the total estimated collections
divided by the purchase price. |
The following graph shows the purchase price of our owned portfolios by year beginning in
1996. The purchase price number represents the cash paid to the seller to acquire defaulted
consumer receivables, plus certain capitalized costs, less the purchase price refunded by the
seller due to the return of non-compliant accounts.
Portfolio Purchase by Year
We utilize a long-term approach to collecting our owned portfolios of receivables. This
approach has historically caused us to realize significant cash collections and revenues from
purchased portfolios of finance receivables years after they are originally acquired. As a result,
we have in the past been able to temporarily reduce our level of current period acquisitions
without a corresponding negative current period impact on cash collections and revenue.
36
The following tables, which exclude any proceeds from cash sales of finance receivables,
demonstrates our ability to realize significant multi-year cash collection streams on our owned
portfolios.
Cash Collections By Year, By Year of Purchase Entire Portfolio
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands) |
Purchase |
|
Purchase |
|
Cash Collection Period |
Period |
|
Price |
|
1996 |
|
1997 |
|
1998 |
|
1999 |
|
2000 |
|
2001 |
|
2002 |
|
2003 |
|
2004 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
Total |
|
1996 |
|
$ |
3,080 |
|
|
$ |
548 |
|
|
$ |
2,484 |
|
|
$ |
1,890 |
|
|
$ |
1,348 |
|
|
$ |
1,025 |
|
|
$ |
730 |
|
|
$ |
496 |
|
|
$ |
398 |
|
|
$ |
285 |
|
|
$ |
210 |
|
|
$ |
237 |
|
|
$ |
9,651 |
|
1997 |
|
|
7,685 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,507 |
|
|
|
5,215 |
|
|
|
4,069 |
|
|
|
3,347 |
|
|
|
2,630 |
|
|
|
1,829 |
|
|
|
1,324 |
|
|
|
1,022 |
|
|
|
860 |
|
|
|
597 |
|
|
$ |
23,400 |
|
1998 |
|
|
11,089 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,776 |
|
|
|
6,807 |
|
|
|
6,398 |
|
|
|
5,152 |
|
|
|
3,948 |
|
|
|
2,797 |
|
|
|
2,200 |
|
|
|
1,811 |
|
|
|
1,415 |
|
|
$ |
34,304 |
|
1999 |
|
|
18,898 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,138 |
|
|
|
13,069 |
|
|
|
12,090 |
|
|
|
9,598 |
|
|
|
7,336 |
|
|
|
5,615 |
|
|
|
4,352 |
|
|
|
3,032 |
|
|
$ |
60,230 |
|
2000 |
|
|
25,016 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,894 |
|
|
|
19,498 |
|
|
|
19,478 |
|
|
|
16,628 |
|
|
|
14,098 |
|
|
|
10,924 |
|
|
|
8,067 |
|
|
$ |
95,587 |
|
2001 |
|
|
33,468 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,048 |
|
|
|
28,831 |
|
|
|
28,003 |
|
|
|
26,717 |
|
|
|
22,639 |
|
|
|
16,048 |
|
|
$ |
135,286 |
|
2002 |
|
|
42,280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,073 |
|
|
|
36,258 |
|
|
|
35,742 |
|
|
|
32,497 |
|
|
|
24,729 |
|
|
$ |
144,299 |
|
2003 |
|
|
61,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,308 |
|
|
|
49,706 |
|
|
|
52,640 |
|
|
|
43,728 |
|
|
$ |
170,382 |
|
2004 |
|
|
59,331 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,019 |
|
|
|
46,475 |
|
|
|
40,424 |
|
|
$ |
104,918 |
|
2005 |
|
|
143,366 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,968 |
|
|
|
75,145 |
|
|
$ |
94,113 |
|
2006 |
|
|
109,671 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,971 |
|
|
$ |
22,971 |
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
515,346 |
|
|
$ |
548 |
|
|
$ |
4,991 |
|
|
$ |
10,881 |
|
|
$ |
17,362 |
|
|
$ |
30,733 |
|
|
$ |
53,148 |
|
|
$ |
79,253 |
|
|
$ |
117,052 |
|
|
$ |
153,404 |
|
|
$ |
191,376 |
|
|
$ |
236,393 |
|
|
$ |
895,141 |
|
|
Cash Collections By Year, By Year of Purchase Bankruptcy only Portfolio
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands) |
Purchase |
|
Purchase |
|
Cash Collection Period |
Period |
|
Price |
|
1996 |
|
1997 |
|
1998 |
|
1999 |
|
2000 |
|
2001 |
|
2002 |
|
2003 |
|
2004 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
Total |
|
1996 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
1997 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
1999 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
2000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
2001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
7,472 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
743 |
|
|
|
4,554 |
|
|
|
3,956 |
|
|
$ |
9,253 |
|
2005 |
|
|
29,358 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,777 |
|
|
|
15,500 |
|
|
$ |
19,277 |
|
2006 |
|
|
18,650 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,608 |
|
|
$ |
5,608 |
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
55,481 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
743 |
|
|
$ |
8,331 |
|
|
$ |
25,064 |
|
|
$ |
34,138 |
|
|
Cash Collections By Year, By Year of Purchase Entire Portfolio less Bankruptcy
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands) |
Purchase |
|
Purchase |
|
Cash Collection Period |
Period |
|
Price |
|
1996 |
|
1997 |
|
1998 |
|
1999 |
|
2000 |
|
2001 |
|
2002 |
|
2003 |
|
2004 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
Total |
|
1996 |
|
$ |
3,080 |
|
|
$ |
548 |
|
|
$ |
2,484 |
|
|
$ |
1,890 |
|
|
$ |
1,348 |
|
|
$ |
1,025 |
|
|
$ |
730 |
|
|
$ |
496 |
|
|
$ |
398 |
|
|
$ |
285 |
|
|
$ |
210 |
|
|
$ |
237 |
|
|
$ |
9,651 |
|
1997 |
|
|
7,685 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,507 |
|
|
|
5,215 |
|
|
|
4,069 |
|
|
|
3,347 |
|
|
|
2,630 |
|
|
|
1,829 |
|
|
|
1,324 |
|
|
|
1,022 |
|
|
|
860 |
|
|
|
597 |
|
|
$ |
23,400 |
|
1998 |
|
|
11,089 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,776 |
|
|
|
6,807 |
|
|
|
6,398 |
|
|
|
5,152 |
|
|
|
3,948 |
|
|
|
2,797 |
|
|
|
2,200 |
|
|
|
1,811 |
|
|
|
1,415 |
|
|
$ |
34,304 |
|
1999 |
|
|
18,898 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,138 |
|
|
|
13,069 |
|
|
|
12,090 |
|
|
|
9,598 |
|
|
|
7,336 |
|
|
|
5,615 |
|
|
|
4,352 |
|
|
|
3,032 |
|
|
$ |
60,230 |
|
2000 |
|
|
25,016 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,894 |
|
|
|
19,498 |
|
|
|
19,478 |
|
|
|
16,628 |
|
|
|
14,098 |
|
|
|
10,924 |
|
|
|
8,067 |
|
|
$ |
95,587 |
|
2001 |
|
|
33,468 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,048 |
|
|
|
28,831 |
|
|
|
28,003 |
|
|
|
26,717 |
|
|
|
22,639 |
|
|
|
16,048 |
|
|
$ |
135,286 |
|
2002 |
|
|
42,280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,073 |
|
|
|
36,258 |
|
|
|
35,742 |
|
|
|
32,497 |
|
|
|
24,729 |
|
|
$ |
144,299 |
|
2003 |
|
|
61,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,308 |
|
|
|
49,706 |
|
|
|
52,640 |
|
|
|
43,728 |
|
|
$ |
170,382 |
|
2004 |
|
|
51,859 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,276 |
|
|
|
41,921 |
|
|
|
36,468 |
|
|
$ |
95,665 |
|
2005 |
|
|
114,008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,191 |
|
|
|
59,645 |
|
|
$ |
74,836 |
|
2006 |
|
|
91,021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,363 |
|
|
$ |
17,363 |
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
459,865 |
|
|
$ |
548 |
|
|
$ |
4,991 |
|
|
$ |
10,881 |
|
|
$ |
17,362 |
|
|
$ |
30,733 |
|
|
$ |
53,148 |
|
|
$ |
79,253 |
|
|
$ |
117,052 |
|
|
$ |
152,661 |
|
|
$ |
183,045 |
|
|
$ |
211,329 |
|
|
$ |
861,003 |
|
|
37
When we acquire a new portfolio of finance receivables, our estimates typically result in
a 84-96 month projection of cash collections. The following chart shows our historical cash
collections (including cash sales of finance receivables) in relation to the aggregate of the total
estimated collection projections made at the time of each respective pool purchase.
Actual Cash Collections and Cash Sales vs. Original Projections
($ in millions)
Owned Portfolio Personnel Performance:
We measure the productivity of each collector each month, breaking results into groups of
similarly tenured collectors. The following three tables display various productivity measures
that we track.
Collector by Tenure
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tenure at: |
|
12/31/02 |
|
12/31/03 |
|
12/31/04 |
|
12/31/05 |
|
12/31/06 |
One year +(1) |
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
241 |
|
|
|
298 |
|
|
|
327 |
|
|
|
340 |
|
Less than one year (2) |
|
|
223 |
|
|
|
338 |
|
|
|
349 |
|
|
|
364 |
|
|
|
375 |
|
Total(2) |
|
|
433 |
|
|
|
579 |
|
|
|
647 |
|
|
|
691 |
|
|
|
715 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Calculated based on actual employees (collectors) with one year of service or more. |
|
(2) |
|
Calculated using total hours worked by all collectors, including those in training to produce
a full time equivalent FTE. |
Monthly Cash Collections by Tenure (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average performance |
|
12/31/02 |
|
12/31/03 |
|
12/31/04 |
|
12/31/05 |
|
12/31/06 |
One year + (2) |
|
$ |
16,927 |
|
|
$ |
18,158 |
|
|
$ |
17,129 |
|
|
$ |
16,694 |
|
|
$ |
18,024 |
|
Less than one year(3) |
|
|
8,689 |
|
|
|
8,303 |
|
|
|
9,363 |
|
|
|
8,491 |
|
|
|
8,533 |
|
(1) |
|
Cash collection numbers include only accounts assigned to collectors. Significant cash
collections do occur on unassigned accounts. |
|
(2) |
|
Calculated using average YTD monthly cash collections of all collectors with one year or more
of tenure. |
|
(3) |
|
Calculated using weighted average YTD monthly cash collections of all collectors with less
than one year of tenure, including those in training. |
Cash Collections per Hour Paid (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average performance |
|
12/31/02 |
|
12/31/03 |
|
12/31/04 |
|
12/31/05 |
|
12/31/06 |
Total cash collections |
|
$ |
96.37 |
|
|
$ |
108.27 |
|
|
$ |
117.59 |
|
|
$ |
133.39 |
|
|
$ |
146.03 |
|
Non-legal cash collections |
|
$ |
77.72 |
|
|
$ |
80.10 |
|
|
$ |
82.06 |
|
|
$ |
89.25 |
|
|
$ |
99.06 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Cash collections (assigned and unassigned) divided by total hours paid (including
holiday, vacation and sick time) to all collectors (including those in training). |
38
Cash collections have substantially exceeded revenue in each quarter since our formation. The
following chart illustrates the consistent excess of our cash collections on our owned portfolios
over income recognized on finance receivables on a quarterly basis. The difference between cash
collections and income recognized on finance receivables is referred to as payments applied to
principal. It is also referred to as amortization of purchase price. This amortization is the
portion of cash collections that is used to recover the cost of the portfolio investment
represented on the Balance Sheet.
Cash Collection(1) vs. Income Recognized on Finance Receivables
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes cash collections on finance receivables only. Excludes commissions and cash
proceeds from sales of defaulted consumer receivables. |
Seasonality
We depend on the ability to collect on our owned and serviced defaulted consumer
receivables. Collections tend to be higher in the first and second quarters of the year and lower
in the third and fourth quarters of the year, due to consumer payment patterns in connection with
seasonal employment trends, income tax refunds and holiday spending habits. Historically, our
growth has partially masked the impact of this seasonality.
Quarterly Cash Collections(1)
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes cash collections on finance receivables only. Excludes commission fees and cash
proceeds from sales of defaulted consumer receivables. |
39
The following table shows the changes in finance receivables, including the amounts paid to
acquire new portfolios.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Balance at beginning of period |
|
$ |
193,644,670 |
|
|
$ |
105,188,906 |
|
|
$ |
92,568,557 |
|
Acquisitions of finance receivables, net of buybacks (1) |
|
|
105,838,296 |
|
|
|
145,157,090 |
|
|
|
59,770,354 |
|
Cash collections applied to principal on finance receivables (2) |
|
|
(73,035,471 |
) |
|
|
(56,701,326 |
) |
|
|
(47,150,005 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of period |
|
$ |
226,447,495 |
|
|
$ |
193,644,670 |
|
|
$ |
105,188,906 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Remaining Collections (ERC)(3) |
|
$ |
553,222,894 |
|
|
$ |
492,924,998 |
|
|
$ |
308,111,355 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Agreements to purchase receivables typically include general representations and warranties
from the sellers covering account holders death or bankruptcy and accounts settled or
disputed prior to sale. The seller can replace or repurchase these accounts. We refer to
repurchased accounts as buybacks. We also capitalize certain acquisition related costs. |
|
(2) |
|
Cash collections applied to principal (also referred to as amortization) on finance
receivables consists of cash collections less income recognized on finance receivables, net of
allowance charges. |
|
(3) |
|
Estimated Remaining Collections refers to the sum of all future projected cash collections on
our owned portfolios. ERC is not a balance sheet item, however, it is provided here for
informational purposes. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Historically, our primary sources of cash have been cash flows from operations, bank
borrowings and equity offerings. Cash has been used for acquisitions of finance receivables,
corporate acquisitions, repayments of bank borrowings, purchases of property and equipment and
working capital to support our growth.
We believe that funds generated from operations, together with existing cash and available
borrowings under our credit agreement will be sufficient to finance our current operations, planned
capital expenditure requirements and internal growth at least through the next twelve months.
However, we could require additional debt or equity financing if we were to make any other
significant acquisitions requiring cash during that period.
Cash generated from operations is dependent upon our ability to collect on our defaulted
consumer receivables. Many factors, including the economy and our ability to hire and retain
qualified collectors and managers, are essential to our ability to generate cash flows.
Fluctuations in these factors that cause a negative impact on our business could have a material
impact on our expected future cash flows.
Our operating activities provided cash of $59.5 million, $57.9 million and $49.3 million for
the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. In these periods, cash from
operations was generated primarily from net income earned through cash collections and commissions
received. Net income increased to $44.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 from $36.8
million for the year ended December 31, 2005 and $27.5 million for the year ended December 31,
2004. In addition, we realized tax benefits derived from share- based compensation of $2.2 million
in 2005 and $1.1 million in 2004. In 2006, in accordance with the adoption of Financial Accounting
Standards Board (FASB) statement No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123R) the benefit
derived from share-based compensation was reclassified to financing activities.
Our investing activities used cash of $39.7 million, $83.0 million and $50.8 million for the
years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Cash used in investing activities is
primarily driven by acquisitions of defaulted consumer receivables, purchases of property and
equipment and purchases of auction rate certificates and variable rate demand notes. In addition,
in 2005, we purchased the assets of Alatax, Inc. for $15.0 million in cash including acquisition
costs and, in 2004, we purchased the assets of IGS Nevada, Inc. for $12.1 million in cash including
acquisition costs. Cash provided by investing activities is primarily driven by cash collections
applied to principal on finance receivables and the sale of auction rate certificates and variable
rate demand notes.
40
Our financing activities used cash of $10.7 million in 2006, and provided cash of $16.6
million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Cash
provided by financing activities was generated primarily from draws on lines of credit and proceeds
from long-term debt. Also, in accordance with the adoption of SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, the
benefit derived from share-based compensation was $2.4 million in 2006. This was previously
classified in operating activities. In addition, the exercise of stock options and stock warrants
generated cash from financing activities of $2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, $2.6
million for the year ended December 31, 2005 and $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Cash used by financing activities was primarily driven by payments on lines of credit, long-term
debt and capital lease obligations.
Cash paid for interest expense was approximately $411,000, $281,000 and $273,000 for the years
ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The majority of interest expenses were paid
on our revolving lines of credit, capital lease obligations and other long-term debt.
On November 29, 2005, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement for a revolving line of
credit jointly offered by Bank of America, N.A. and Wachovia Bank, National Association. This
agreement was amended on May 9, 2006 to include RBC Centura Bank as an additional lender. The
agreement is a revolving line of credit in an amount equal to the lesser of $75,000,000 or 20% of
our estimated remaining collections of all its eligible asset pools. The new line of credit
replaces our previous $25,000,000 credit facility with RBC Centura Bank, which was terminated on
November 28, 2005. Borrowings under the new revolving credit facility bear interest at a floating
rate equal to the LIBOR Market Index Rate plus 1.75% and expires on November 29, 2008. The loan is
collateralized by substantially all of our tangible and intangible assets. The agreement provides
for:
|
|
|
restrictions on monthly borrowings are limited to 20% of Estimated Remaining Collections; |
|
|
|
|
a funded debt to EBITDA ratio of less than 1.0 to 1.0 calculated on a rolling twelve-month average; |
|
|
|
|
tangible net worth of at least 100% of prior quarter tangible net worth plus 25% of
cumulative positive net income since the end of such fiscal quarter, plus 100% of the net
proceeds from any equity offering; and
|
|
|
|
|
restrictions on change of control. |
This facility had no amounts outstanding at December 31, 2006. As of December 31, 2006 we
are in compliance with all of the covenants of this agreement.
As of December 31, 2006 there are three loans outstanding. On February 20, 2002, one of our
subsidiaries entered into an arrangement for a $500,000 commercial loan in order to finance
construction of a parking lot at our Norfolk, Virginia location. This loan bears interest at a
fixed rate of 6.47% and matures on September 1, 2007. On May 1, 2003, we entered into a commercial
loan agreement in the amount of $975,000 to finance equipment purchases for our Hampton, Virginia
location. This loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 4.25% and matures on May 1, 2008. On
January 9, 2004, we entered into a commercial loan agreement in the amount of $750,000 to finance
equipment purchases at our newly leased Norfolk facility. This loan bears interest at a fixed rate
of 4.45% and matures on January 1, 2009. The loans are collateralized by the related asset and
require us to maintain net worth greater than $20 million and a cash flow coverage ratio of at
least 1.5 to 1.0 calculated on a rolling twelve-month average. As of December 31, 2006 we are in
compliance with all of the covenants of these agreements.
41
Contractual Obligations
The following summarizes our contractual obligations that exist as of December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments due by period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More |
|
|
|
|
|
|
than 1 |
|
1 - 3 |
|
4 - 5 |
|
than 5 |
Contractual Obligations |
|
Total |
|
year |
|
years |
|
years |
|
years |
|
Operating Leases |
|
$ |
15,087,181 |
|
|
$ |
2,243,392 |
|
|
$ |
4,891,519 |
|
|
$ |
4,044,540 |
|
|
$ |
3,907,730 |
|
Long-Term Debt |
|
|
717,287 |
|
|
|
463,229 |
|
|
|
254,058 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Lease Obligations |
|
|
254,186 |
|
|
|
148,539 |
|
|
|
105,647 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Commitments (1) |
|
|
21,162,211 |
|
|
|
20,999,373 |
|
|
|
162,838 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employment Agreements |
|
|
8,567,063 |
|
|
|
4,580,268 |
|
|
|
3,986,795 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
45,787,928 |
|
|
$ |
28,434,801 |
|
|
$ |
9,400,857 |
|
|
$ |
4,044,540 |
|
|
$ |
3,907,730 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The Purchase Commitments amount includes the maximum remaining amount to be
purchased under forward flow contracts for the purchase of charged-off consumer debt in the amount
of $18.3 million. |
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off balance sheet arrangements as defined by Regulation S-K 303(a)(4)
promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
On December 16, 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No.
123(R), Share-Based Payment. SFAS 123R revises SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation, (SFAS 123) and requires companies to expense the fair value of employee stock
options and other forms of stock-based compensation. In addition to revising SFAS 123, SFAS 123R
supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees
and amends FASB Statement No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows. SFAS 123R applies to all stock-based
compensation transactions in which a company acquires services by (1) issuing its stock or other
equity instruments, except through arrangements resulting from employee stock-ownership plans
(ESOPs) or (2) incurring liabilities that are based on the companys stock price. SFAS 123R is
effective for fiscal years that began after June 15, 2005. We believe that all of our existing
stock-based awards are equity instruments. We previously adopted SFAS 123 on January 1, 2002 and
have been expensing equity based compensation since that time. We adopted SFAS 123R on January 1,
2006. The adoption of SFAS123R had no material impact on our financial statements.
On July 13, 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48), Accounting for
Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. FIN 48 clarifies the
accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprises financial statements in
accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition
threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a
tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on
derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure
and transition. The evaluation of a tax position in accordance with FIN 48 is a two-step process.
The first step is recognition: the enterprise determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a
tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or
litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax
position has met the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the enterprise should presume that
the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that would have full knowledge of
all relevant information. The second step is measurement: a tax position that meets the
more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to
recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of
benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax
positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be
recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is met.
Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold should be derecognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that
threshold is no longer met. We will be required to adopt the provisions of FIN 48 with respect to
all of our tax positions as of January 1, 2007. The cumulative effect of applying the provisions
of FIN 48 will be reported as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on January
1, 2007. We have estimated the impact of adopting FIN 48 to be an immaterial adjustment to
retained earnings with a corresponding offset to liabilities.
42
On September 13, 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 Considering the
Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial
Statements (SAB 108). SAB 108 provides interpretive guidance on how the effects of the
carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be considered in quantifying a current
year misstatement. The SEC staff believes that registrants should quantify errors using both a
balance sheet and an income statement approach and evaluate whether either approach results in a
misstatement that, when all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors are considered, is
material and therefore must be quantified. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal years ending on or
after November 15, 2006. We believe SAB 108 will have no material impact on our financial
statements.
On September 15, 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157).
SFAS 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value
measurements. The changes to current practice resulting from the application of SFAS 157 relate to
the definition of fair value, the methods used to measure fair value, and the expanded disclosures
about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15,
2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact SFAS
157 will have on our financial statements.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles and our discussion and analysis of our financial condition
and results of operations require our management to make judgments, assumptions, and estimates that
affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Note
2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-K describes the significant
accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about
the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates and
such differences may be material.
Management believes our critical accounting policies and estimates are those related to
revenue recognition, valuation of acquired intangibles and goodwill and income taxes. Management
believes these policies to be critical because they are both important to the portrayal of our
financial condition and results, and they require management to make judgments and estimates about
matters that are inherently uncertain. Our senior management has reviewed these critical accounting
policies and related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Revenue Recognition
We acquire accounts that have experienced deterioration of credit quality between origination
and our acquisition of the accounts. The amount paid for an account reflects our determination
that it is probable we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the accounts
contractual terms. At acquisition, we review each account to determine whether there is evidence of
deterioration of credit quality since origination and if it is probable that we will be unable to
collect all amounts due according to the accounts contractual terms. If both conditions exist, we
determine whether each such account is to be accounted for individually or whether such accounts
will be assembled into pools based on common risk characteristics. We consider expected prepayments
and estimate the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, interest and other cash
flows for each acquired portfolio and subsequently aggregated pools of accounts. We determine the
excess of the pools scheduled contractual principal and contractual interest payments over all
cash flows expected at acquisition as an amount that should not be accreted (nonaccretable
difference) based on our proprietary acquisition models. The remaining amount, representing the
excess of the accounts cash flows expected to be collected over the amount paid, is accreted into
income recognized on finance receivables over the remaining life of the account or pool (accretable
yield).
43
Prior to January 1, 2005, we accounted for our investment in finance receivables using the
interest method under the guidance of Practice Bulletin 6, Amortization of Discounts on Certain
Acquired Loans. Effective January 1, 2005, we adopted and began to account for our investment in
finance receivables using the interest method under the guidance of SOP 03-3, Accounting for Loans
or Certain Securities Acquired in a Transfer. For loans acquired in fiscal years beginning prior
to December 15, 2004, Practice Bulletin 6 is still effective; however, Practice Bulletin 6 was
amended by SOP 03-3 as described further in this note. For loans acquired in fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2004, SOP 03-3 is effective. Under the guidance of SOP 03-3 (and the
amended Practice Bulletin 6), static pools of accounts are established. Pools purchased during a
given quarter are aggregated based on certain common risk criteria. Each static pool is recorded
at cost, which includes certain direct costs of acquisition paid to third parties, and is accounted
for as a single unit for the recognition of income, principal payments and loss provision. Once a
static pool is established for a quarter, individual receivable accounts are not added to the pool
(unless replaced by the seller) or removed from the pool (unless sold or returned to the seller).
SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6) requires that the excess of the contractual cash
flows over expected cash flows not be recognized as an adjustment of revenue or expense or on the
balance sheet. SOP 03-3 initially freezes the internal rate of return, referred to as IRR,
estimated when the accounts receivable are purchased as the basis for subsequent impairment
testing. Significant increases in expected future cash flows may be recognized prospectively
through an upward adjustment of the IRR over a portfolios remaining life. Any increase to the IRR
then becomes the new benchmark for impairment testing. Effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2004 under SOP 03-3 and the amended Practice Bulletin 6, rather than lowering the
estimated IRR if the collection estimates are not received, the carrying value of a pool would be
written down to maintain the then current IRR. Income on finance receivables is accrued quarterly
based on each static pools effective IRR and shown net of allowance charges on our income
statement. Quarterly cash flows greater than the interest accrual will reduce the carrying value
of the static pool. Likewise, cash flows that are less than the accrual will accrete the carrying
balance. The IRR is estimated and periodically recalculated based on the timing and amount of
anticipated cash flows using our proprietary collection models. A pool can become fully amortized
(zero carrying balance on the balance sheet) while still generating cash collections. In this
case, all cash collections are recognized as revenue when received. Additionally, we use the cost
recovery method when collections on a particular pool of accounts cannot be reasonably predicted.
Under the cost recovery method, no revenue is recognized until we have fully collected the cost of
the portfolio, or until such time that we consider the collections to be probable and estimable and
begin to recognize income based on the interest method as described above.
We establish valuation allowances for all acquired accounts subject to SOP 03-3 to reflect
only those losses incurred after acquisition (that is, the present value of cash flows initially
expected at acquisition that are no longer expected to be collected). Valuation allowances are
established only subsequent to acquisition of the accounts. During the years ended December 31,
2006 and 2005, we recorded a $1,100,000 and $200,000 allowance charge on our finance receivables,
respectively. Prior to January 1, 2005, in the event that a reduction of the yield to as low as
zero in conjunction with estimated future cash collections that were inadequate to amortize the
carrying balance, an allowance charge would be taken with a corresponding write-off of the
receivable balance.
We utilize the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a
Principal versus Net as an Agent (EITF 99-19) to commission revenue from our contingent fee,
skip-tracing and government processing and collection subsidiaries. Under our arrangements, we
recognize a percentage of the amount collected as our contractual collection fee. EITF 99-19
requires an analysis to be completed to determine if certain revenues should be reported gross or
reported net of their related operating expense. This analysis includes an assessment of who
retains inventory/credit risk, who controls vendor selection, who establishes pricing and who
remains the primary obligor on the transaction. Each of these factors was considered to determine
the correct method of recognizing revenue from our subsidiaries.
For our contingent fee subsidiary, the portfolios which are placed for servicing are owned by
our clients and are placed under a contingent fee commission arrangement. Our subsidiary is paid
to collect funds from the clients debtors and earns a commission generally expressed as a
percentage of the gross collection amount. The Commissions line of our income statement reflects
the contingent fee amount earned, and not the gross collection amount.
44
Our skip tracing subsidiary utilizes gross reporting under EITF 99-19. We generate revenue by
working an account and successfully locating a customer for our client. An investigative fee is
received for these services. In addition, we incur agent expenses where we hire a third-party
collector to effectuate repossession. In many cases we have an arrangement with our client which
allows us to bill the client for these fees. We have determined these fees to be gross revenue
based on the criteria in EITF 99-19 and they are recorded as such in the line item Commissions,
primarily because we are primarily liable to the third party collector. There is a corresponding
expense in the line item Outside Legal and Other Fees and Services for these pass-through items.
Our government processing and collection businesss primary source of income is derived from
servicing taxing authorities in several different ways: processing all of their tax payments and
tax forms, collecting delinquent taxes, identifying taxes that are not being paid and auditing tax
payments. The processing and collection pieces are standard commission based billings or fee for
service transactions. When RDS conducts an audit, there are two components. The first is a charge
for the hours incurred on conducting the audit. This charge is for hours worked. This charge is
up-charged from the actual costs incurred. The gross billing is a component of the line item
Commissions and the expense is included in the line item Compensation and employee services.
The second item is for expenses incurred while conducting the audit. Most jurisdictions will
reimburse RDS for direct expenses incurred for the audit including such items as travel and meals.
The billed amounts are included in the line item Commissions and the expense component is
included in its appropriate expense category, generally, Other operating expenses.
We account for our gain on cash sales of finance receivables under SFAS No. 140, Accounting
for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. Gains on sale
of finance receivables, representing the difference between the sales price and the unamortized
value of the finance receivables sold, are recognized when finance receivables are sold.
We apply a financial components approach that focuses on control when accounting and reporting
for transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities. Under that
approach, after a transfer of financial assets, an entity recognizes the financial and servicing
assets it controls and the liabilities it has incurred, eliminates financial assets when control
has been surrendered, and eliminates liabilities when extinguished. This approach provides
consistent standards for distinguishing transfers of financial assets that are sales from transfers
that are secured borrowings.
Valuation of Acquired Intangibles and Goodwill
In accordance with SFAS No. 142 (SFAS 142), Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, we are
required to perform a review of goodwill for impairment annually, or earlier if indicators of
potential impairment exist. The review of goodwill for potential impairment requires a two-step
approach, is highly subjective and requires that: (1) goodwill be allocated to various reporting
units of our business to which it relates; and (2) we estimate the fair value of those reporting
units to which the goodwill relates and then determine the book value of those reporting units. We
measure the fair value based on present value techniques involving cash flows consistent with the
objective of measuring fair value based on reasonable and supportive assumptions. If the estimated
fair value of reporting units with allocated goodwill is determined to be less than their book
value, we are required to estimate the fair value of all identifiable assets and liabilities of
those reporting units in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation for an acquired business.
This requires independent valuation of certain unrecognized assets. Once this process is complete,
the amount of goodwill impairment, if any, can be determined.
We underwent a SFAS 142 review as of October 1, 2006 and believe that, as of December 31,
2006, there was no impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets. However, changes in various
circumstances including changes in our market capitalization, changes in our forecasts and changes
in our internal business structure could cause one of our reporting units to be valued differently
thereby causing an impairment of goodwill. Additionally, in response to changes in our industry and
changes in global or regional economic conditions, we may strategically realign our resources and
consider restructuring, disposing or otherwise exiting businesses, which could result in an
impairment of some or all of our identifiable intangibles or goodwill.
Income Taxes
We record a tax provision for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of
operations. In accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, the provision for
income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and
liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences
between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating losses
and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently
enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets
are expected to be realized or settled.
45
We believe it is more likely than not that forecasted income, including income that may be
generated as a result of certain tax planning strategies, together with the tax effects of the
deferred tax liabilities, will be sufficient to fully recover the remaining deferred tax assets.
In the event that all or part of the deferred tax assets are determined not to be realizable in the
future, a valuation allowance would be established and charged to earnings in the period such
determination is made. Similarly, if we subsequently realize deferred tax assets that were
previously determined to be unrealizable, the respective valuation allowance would be reversed,
resulting in a positive adjustment to earnings or a decrease in goodwill in the period such
determination is made. In addition, the calculation of tax liabilities involves significant
judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws.
Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with our expectations could have a
material impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk.
Our exposure to market risk relates to interest rate risk with our variable rate credit
line. As of December 31, 2006, we had no variable rate debt outstanding on our revolving credit
lines. We do not have any other variable rate debt outstanding as of December 31, 2006. A 10%
change in future interest rates on the variable rate credit line would not lead to a material
decrease in future earnings assuming all other factors remained constant.
46
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Index to Financial Statements
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
|
|
48-49 |
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005 |
|
|
50 |
|
Consolidated Income Statements
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 |
|
|
51 |
|
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 |
|
|
52 |
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 |
|
|
53 |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
|
|
54-71 |
|
47
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To Board of Directors and Stockholders of Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.:
We have completed integrated audits of Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.s consolidated financial
statements and of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, in
accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
Our opinions, based on our audits, are presented below.
Consolidated financial statements
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. and its subsidiaries at
December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006 in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in
accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit of financial
statements includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made
by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Internal control over financial reporting
Also, in our opinion, managements assessment, included in Managements Report on Internal Control
Over Financial Reporting appearing under item 9A, that the Company maintained effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 based on criteria established in Internal
Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission (COSO), is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on those criteria.
Furthermore, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in
Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the COSO. The Companys management is
responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility
is to express opinions on managements assessment and on the effectiveness of the Companys
internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit of internal
control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. An audit of internal control over financial reporting
includes obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating
managements assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal
control, and performing such other procedures as we consider necessary in the circumstances. We
believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A
companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that
(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management
and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or
timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that
could have a material effect on the financial statements.
48
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or
detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are
subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
McLean, Virginia
March 1, 2007
49
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31, 2006 and 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
25,100,834 |
|
|
$ |
15,984,855 |
|
Finance receivables, net |
|
|
226,447,495 |
|
|
|
193,644,670 |
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
11,192,974 |
|
|
|
7,186,418 |
|
Income tax receivable |
|
|
1,512,823 |
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
|
18,287,511 |
|
|
|
18,287,511 |
|
Intangible assets, net |
|
|
6,754,014 |
|
|
|
9,022,666 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
4,082,780 |
|
|
|
3,646,126 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
293,378,431 |
|
|
$ |
247,772,246 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities and Stockholders Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
2,891,469 |
|
|
$ |
2,332,685 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
|
2,578,896 |
|
|
|
2,239,267 |
|
Income taxes payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,054,883 |
|
Accrued payroll and bonuses |
|
|
6,244,852 |
|
|
|
5,942,618 |
|
Deferred tax liability |
|
|
33,452,670 |
|
|
|
22,345,995 |
|
Revolving lines of credit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,000,000 |
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
689,892 |
|
|
|
1,151,965 |
|
Obligations under capital lease |
|
|
242,385 |
|
|
|
382,658 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
46,100,164 |
|
|
|
52,450,071 |
|
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, par value $0.01, authorized shares, 2,000,000,
issued and outstanding shares - 0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, par value $0.01, authorized shares, 30,000,000,
issued and outstanding shares - 15,987,432 at December 31, 2006,
and 15,767,443 at December 31, 2005 |
|
|
159,874 |
|
|
|
157,674 |
|
Additional paid in capital |
|
|
115,527,975 |
|
|
|
108,063,899 |
|
Retained earnings |
|
|
131,590,418 |
|
|
|
87,100,602 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
247,278,267 |
|
|
|
195,322,175 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
293,378,431 |
|
|
$ |
247,772,246 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
50
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Consolidated Income Statements
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income recognized on finance receivables, net |
|
$ |
163,357,323 |
|
|
$ |
134,674,344 |
|
|
$ |
106,254,441 |
|
Commissions |
|
|
24,964,444 |
|
|
|
13,850,805 |
|
|
|
7,141,796 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
|
188,321,767 |
|
|
|
148,525,149 |
|
|
|
113,396,237 |
|
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation and employee services |
|
|
58,141,684 |
|
|
|
44,332,298 |
|
|
|
36,620,054 |
|
Outside legal and other fees and services |
|
|
40,139,272 |
|
|
|
29,964,999 |
|
|
|
21,407,570 |
|
Communications |
|
|
5,875,815 |
|
|
|
4,424,080 |
|
|
|
3,638,144 |
|
Rent and occupancy |
|
|
2,276,140 |
|
|
|
2,100,914 |
|
|
|
1,744,885 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
|
4,758,157 |
|
|
|
3,423,791 |
|
|
|
2,712,463 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
5,130,628 |
|
|
|
4,678,598 |
|
|
|
2,382,896 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
116,321,696 |
|
|
|
88,924,680 |
|
|
|
68,506,012 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations |
|
|
72,000,071 |
|
|
|
59,600,469 |
|
|
|
44,890,225 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income and (expense): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
584,092 |
|
|
|
611,490 |
|
|
|
222,718 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(378,546 |
) |
|
|
(280,503 |
) |
|
|
(273,355 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
72,205,617 |
|
|
|
59,931,456 |
|
|
|
44,839,588 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
27,715,801 |
|
|
|
23,159,461 |
|
|
|
17,388,148 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
44,489,816 |
|
|
$ |
36,771,995 |
|
|
$ |
27,451,440 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per common share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
2.80 |
|
|
$ |
2.35 |
|
|
$ |
1.79 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
2.77 |
|
|
$ |
2.28 |
|
|
$ |
1.73 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of shares outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
15,910,795 |
|
|
|
15,641,862 |
|
|
|
15,357,475 |
|
Diluted |
|
|
16,081,798 |
|
|
|
16,148,703 |
|
|
|
15,852,916 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
51
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Common |
|
|
Paid in |
|
|
Retained |
|
|
Stockholders |
|
|
|
Stock |
|
|
Capital |
|
|
Earnings |
|
|
Equity |
|
Balance at December 31, 2003 |
|
$ |
152,947 |
|
|
$ |
96,117,932 |
|
|
$ |
22,877,167 |
|
|
$ |
119,148,046 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27,451,440 |
|
|
|
27,451,440 |
|
Exercise of stock options, warrants and vesting of restricted shares |
|
|
1,336 |
|
|
|
1,195,013 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,196,349 |
|
Issuance of common stock for acquisition |
|
|
699 |
|
|
|
1,999,540 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,000,239 |
|
Amortization of stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
507,091 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
507,091 |
|
Stock-based compensation income tax benefits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,086,275 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,086,275 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2004 |
|
$ |
154,982 |
|
|
$ |
100,905,851 |
|
|
$ |
50,328,607 |
|
|
$ |
151,389,440 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
36,771,995 |
|
|
|
36,771,995 |
|
Exercise of stock options, warrants and vesting of restricted shares |
|
|
2,355 |
|
|
|
3,001,532 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,003,887 |
|
Issuance of common stock for acquisition |
|
|
337 |
|
|
|
1,443,426 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,443,763 |
|
Amortization of stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
520,845 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
520,845 |
|
Stock-based compensation income tax benefits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,192,245 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,192,245 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2005 |
|
$ |
157,674 |
|
|
$ |
108,063,899 |
|
|
$ |
87,100,602 |
|
|
$ |
195,322,175 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
44,489,816 |
|
|
|
44,489,816 |
|
Exercise of stock options, warrants and vesting of restricted shares |
|
|
2,200 |
|
|
|
2,500,425 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,502,625 |
|
Amortization of stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,116,631 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,116,631 |
|
FAS123R adoption reclass of payroll liability to additional paid in capital |
|
|
|
|
|
|
426,752 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
426,752 |
|
Income tax benefit from share based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,420,268 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,420,268 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2006 |
|
$ |
159,874 |
|
|
$ |
115,527,975 |
|
|
$ |
131,590,418 |
|
|
$ |
247,278,267 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
52
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
44,489,816 |
|
|
$ |
36,771,995 |
|
|
$ |
27,451,440 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash
provided by operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in equity from vested options |
|
|
2,116,631 |
|
|
|
967,281 |
|
|
|
575,157 |
|
Income tax benefit related to stock option exercise |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,192,245 |
|
|
|
1,086,275 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
5,130,628 |
|
|
|
4,678,598 |
|
|
|
2,382,896 |
|
Deferred tax expense (benefit), net |
|
|
11,106,675 |
|
|
|
8,695,272 |
|
|
|
15,660,148 |
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other assets |
|
|
(436,654 |
) |
|
|
(215,371 |
) |
|
|
(820,317 |
) |
Accounts payable |
|
|
558,784 |
|
|
|
(92,241 |
) |
|
|
123,394 |
|
Income taxes |
|
|
(4,567,706 |
) |
|
|
2,872,662 |
|
|
|
534,082 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
|
339,629 |
|
|
|
517,233 |
|
|
|
1,049,598 |
|
Accrued payroll and bonuses |
|
|
728,986 |
|
|
|
1,466,699 |
|
|
|
1,242,510 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
59,466,789 |
|
|
|
57,854,373 |
|
|
|
49,285,183 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment |
|
|
(6,868,532 |
) |
|
|
(3,484,415 |
) |
|
|
(2,090,934 |
) |
Acquisition of finance receivables, net of buybacks |
|
|
(105,838,296 |
) |
|
|
(145,157,090 |
) |
|
|
(59,770,354 |
) |
Collections applied to principal on finance
receivables |
|
|
73,035,471 |
|
|
|
56,701,326 |
|
|
|
47,150,005 |
|
Purchases of auction rate certificates |
|
|
(1,450,000 |
) |
|
|
(105,725,000 |
) |
|
|
(23,950,000 |
) |
Sales of auction rate certificates |
|
|
1,450,000 |
|
|
|
129,675,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisitions, net of acquisition costs and cash acquired |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14,983,332 |
) |
|
|
(12,146,899 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(39,671,357 |
) |
|
|
(82,973,511 |
) |
|
|
(50,808,182 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from exercise of options and warrants |
|
|
2,502,625 |
|
|
|
2,557,451 |
|
|
|
1,128,283 |
|
Income tax benefit related to stock option exercise |
|
|
2,420,268 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Draws on lines of credit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Payments on lines of credit |
|
|
(15,000,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from long-term debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
750,000 |
|
Payments on long-term debt |
|
|
(462,073 |
) |
|
|
(772,457 |
) |
|
|
(482,550 |
) |
Payments on capital lease obligations |
|
|
(140,273 |
) |
|
|
(193,576 |
) |
|
|
(272,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities |
|
|
(10,679,453 |
) |
|
|
16,591,418 |
|
|
|
1,123,733 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
9,115,979 |
|
|
|
(8,527,720 |
) |
|
|
(399,266 |
) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
|
|
15,984,855 |
|
|
|
24,512,575 |
|
|
|
24,911,841 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
|
$ |
25,100,834 |
|
|
$ |
15,984,855 |
|
|
$ |
24,512,575 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for interest |
|
$ |
411,376 |
|
|
$ |
280,503 |
|
|
$ |
273,355 |
|
Cash paid for income taxes |
|
$ |
18,763,763 |
|
|
$ |
9,399,281 |
|
|
$ |
390,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Noncash investing and financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FAS123R adoption reclass of payroll liability to additional paid in capital |
|
$ |
426,752 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Capital lease obligations incurred |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
296,910 |
|
Acquisitions Common stock issued |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,443,763 |
|
|
$ |
2,000,239 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
53
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Organization and Business:
Portfolio Recovery Associates, LLC (PRA) was formed on March 20, 1996. Portfolio Recovery
Associates, Inc. (PRA Inc) was formed in August 2002. On November 8, 2002, PRA Inc completed its
initial public offering (IPO) of common stock. As a result, all of the membership units and
warrants of PRA were exchanged on a one to one basis for warrants and shares of a single class of
common stock of PRA Inc. One of PRA Incs wholly owned subsidiaries, Thomas West Associates, LLC
(TWA), was dissolved as an entity on May 8, 2006. Another subsidiary, PRA II, was dissolved
immediately prior to the IPO. PRA Inc, a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries (collectively,
the Company) are full-service providers of outsourced receivables management and related
services. The Company is engaged in the business of purchasing, managing and collecting portfolios
of defaulted consumer receivables as well as offering a broad range of accounts receivable
management services. The majority of the Companys business activities involve the purchase,
management and collection of defaulted consumer receivables. These are purchased from sellers of
finance receivables and collected by a highly skilled staff whose purpose is to locate and contact
customers and arrange payment or resolution of their debts. The Company, through its Legal
Recovery Department, collects accounts judicially, either by using its own attorneys, or by
contracting with independent attorneys throughout the country through whom the Company takes legal
action to satisfy consumer debts. The Company also services receivables on behalf of clients on
either a commission or transaction-fee basis. Clients include entities in the financial services,
auto, retail, utility, health care and government sectors. Services provided to these clients
include standard collection services on delinquent accounts, obtaining location information for
clients in support of their collection activities (known as skip tracing), and the management of
both delinquent and non-delinquent tax receivables for government entities.
On December 28, 1999, PRA formed a wholly owned subsidiary, PRA Holding I, LLC (PRA Holding
I), and is the sole member. The purpose of PRA Holding I is to enter into leases of office space
and hold the Companys real property (see Note 10) in Hutchinson, Kansas, Norfolk, Virginia and
other real and personal property.
On June 1, 2000, PRA formed a wholly owned subsidiary, PRA Receivables Management, LLC (d/b/a
Anchor Receivables Management, LLC) (Anchor) and was the sole initial member. Anchor is
organized as a contingent collection agency and contracts with holders of finance receivables to
attempt collection efforts on a contingent basis for a stated period of time. Anchor became fully
operational during April 2001. PRA Inc purchased the equity interest in Anchor from PRA
immediately after the IPO.
On October 1, 2004, the Company acquired the assets of IGS Nevada, Inc., a privately held
company specializing in asset-location and debt resolution services (the resulting business is
referred to herein as IGS). The transaction was completed at a price of $14 million, consisting
of $12 million in cash and $2 million in PRA Inc common stock. On September 10, 2004, the Company
created a wholly owned subsidiary, PRA Location Services, LLC d/b/a IGS Nevada to operate IGS. IGS
Nevada, Inc.s founder and his top management team signed long-term employment agreements and
continue to manage IGS. The income statement includes the results of operations of IGS for the
period from October 1, 2004 through December 31, 2006.
On July 29, 2005, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets and liabilities of
Alatax, Inc., a provider of outsourced business revenue administration, audit and debt
discovery/recovery services for local governments (the resulting business is referred to herein as
RDS). The transaction was completed for consideration of $17.5 million, consisting of $16.1
million in cash and 33,684 shares of the Companys common stock, valued at $1.4 million at the
closing in accordance with the calculation set forth in the asset purchase agreement. Alatax
Inc.s two top executives both signed long-term employment agreements and continue to manage the
company. Although most of its clients are located in Alabama (where it operates as Alatax), RDS,
through PRA Government Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary formed by the Company on June 23,
2005, recently began expanding into surrounding states (where it operates as Revenue Discovery
Systems (RDS)). The income statement includes the results of operations of RDS for the period from
August 1, 2005 through December 31, 2006.
PRA Funding, LLC and PRA III were merged into PRA on November 24, 2003.
On October 13, 2006, PRA formed a wholly owned subsidiary, PRA Holding II, LLC (PRA Holding
II), and is the sole member. The purpose of PRA Holding II is to hold the Companys real property
in Jackson, Tennessee and other real and personal property.
54
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of PRA Inc, PRA, PRA
Holding I, PRA Holding II, Anchor, IGS and RDS.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
Principles of accounting and consolidation: The consolidated financial statements of the
Company are prepared in accordance with accounting standards generally accepted in the United
States of America and include the accounts of PRA Inc, PRA, PRA Holding I, PRA Holding II, Anchor,
IGS and RDS. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Cash and cash equivalents: The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a
maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Included in cash and cash
equivalents are funds held on the behalf of others arising from the collection of accounts placed
with the Company. The balance of the funds held on behalf of others was $435,522 and $656,407 at
December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. There is an offsetting liability that is included in
Accounts payable on the balance sheet.
Investments: The Company accounts for its investments under the guidance of the Financial
Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 115
(SFAS 115), Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. The Company
typically invests in variable rate auction rate certificates and variable rate demand notes which
are classified as available-for-sale securities. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company did
not have any investments on the balance sheet; however, it did purchase investments during 2006 and
2005. These securities are recorded at cost, which approximates fair market value due to their
variable interest rates, which typically reset every 7 to 35 days, and, despite the long term
nature of their stated contractual maturities, the Company has the ability to quickly liquidate
these investments. As a result, the Company had no cumulative gross unrealized holding gains
(losses) or gross realized gains (losses) from these investments and all income generated was
recorded as interest income.
Concentrations of Credit Risk: Financial instruments, which potentially expose the Company to
concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and investments. The
Company places its cash and cash equivalents and investments with high quality financial
institutions. At times, cash balances may be in excess of the amounts insured by the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation.
Finance receivables and income recognition: The Companys principal business consists of the
acquisition and collection of accounts that have experienced deterioration of credit quality
between origination and the Companys acquisition of the accounts. The amount paid for an account
reflects the Companys determination that it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all
amounts due according to the accounts contractual terms. At acquisition, the Company reviews each
account to determine whether there is evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination
and if it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the
accounts contractual terms. If both conditions exist, the Company determines whether each such
account is to be accounted for individually or whether such accounts will be assembled into pools
based on common risk characteristics. The Company considers expected prepayments and estimates the
amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, interest and other cash flows for each
acquired portfolio and subsequently aggregated pools of accounts. The Company determines the excess
of the pools scheduled contractual principal and contractual interest payments over all cash flows
expected at acquisition as an amount that should not be accreted (nonaccretable difference) based
on the Companys proprietary acquisition models. The remaining amount, representing the excess of
the accounts cash flows expected to be collected over the amount paid, is accreted into income
recognized on finance receivables, net over the remaining life of the account or pool (accretable
yield).
55
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Prior to January 1, 2005, the Company accounted for its investment in finance receivables
using the interest method under the guidance of Practice Bulletin 6, Amortization of Discounts on
Certain Acquired Loans. Effective January 1, 2005, the Company adopted and began to account for
its investment in finance receivables using the interest method under the guidance of American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position (SOP) 03-3, Accounting
for Loans or Certain Securities Acquired in a Transfer. For loans acquired in fiscal years
beginning prior to December 15, 2004, Practice Bulletin 6 is still effective; however, Practice
Bulletin 6 was amended by SOP 03-3 as described further in this note. For loans acquired in fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2004, SOP 03-3 is effective. Under the guidance of SOP 03-3
(and the amended Practice Bulletin 6), static pools of accounts are established. These pools are
aggregated based on certain common risk criteria. Each static pool is recorded at cost, which
includes certain direct costs of acquisition paid to third parties, and is accounted for as a
single unit for the recognition of income, principal payments and loss provision. Once a static
pool is established for a quarter, individual receivable accounts are not added to the pool (unless
replaced by the seller) or removed from the pool (unless sold or returned to the seller). SOP 03-3
(and the amended Practice Bulletin 6) requires that the excess of the contractual cash flows over
expected cash flows not be recognized as an adjustment of revenue or expense or on the balance
sheet. SOP 03-3 initially freezes the internal rate of return, referred to as IRR, estimated when
the accounts receivable are purchased as the basis for subsequent impairment testing. Significant
increases in actual, or expected future cash flows may be recognized prospectively through an
upward adjustment of the IRR over a portfolios remaining life. Any increase to the IRR then
becomes the new benchmark for impairment testing. Effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2004 under SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6), rather than lowering the
estimated IRR if the collection estimates are not received or projected to be received, the
carrying value of a pool would be written down to maintain the then current IRR and is shown as a
reduction in revenue in the consolidated income statements with a corresponding valuation allowance
offsetting the finance receivables, net, on the balance sheet. Income recognized on finance
receivables, net is accrued quarterly based on each static pools effective IRR and is shown net of
allowance charges on the income statement. Quarterly cash flows greater than the interest accrual
will reduce the carrying value of the static pool. Likewise, cash flows that are less than the
accrual will accrete the carrying balance. The IRR is estimated and periodically recalculated
based on the timing and amount of anticipated cash flows using the Companys proprietary collection
models. A pool can become fully amortized (zero carrying balance on the balance sheet) while still
generating cash collections. In this case, all cash collections are recognized as revenue when
received. Additionally, the Company uses the cost recovery method when collections on a particular
pool of accounts cannot be reasonably predicted. These pools are not aggregated with other
portfolios. Under the cost recovery method, no revenue is recognized until the Company has fully
collected the cost of the portfolio, or until such time that the Company considers the collections
to be probable and estimable and begins to recognize income based on the interest method as
described above. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company had unamortized purchased principal
(purchase price) in pools accounted for under the cost recovery method of $1,611,130 and
$1,312,032, respectively.
The Company establishes valuation allowances for all acquired accounts subject to SOP 03-3 to
reflect only those losses incurred after acquisition (that is, the present value of cash flows
initially expected at acquisition that are no longer expected to be collected). Valuation
allowances are established only subsequent to acquisition of the accounts. At December 31, 2006
and 2005, the Company had an allowance against its finance receivables of $1,300,000 and $200,000,
respectively. Prior to January 1, 2005, in the event that a reduction of the yield to as low as
zero in conjunction with estimated future cash collections that were inadequate to amortize the
carrying balance, an allowance charge would be taken with a corresponding write-off of the
receivable balance.
The Company capitalizes certain fees paid to third parties related to the direct acquisition
of a portfolio of accounts. These fees are added to the acquisition cost of the portfolio and
accordingly are amortized over the life of the portfolio using the interest method. The balance of
the unamortized capitalized fees at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $1,322,721, $1,028,401 and
$1,098,847, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 the Company
capitalized $805,640, $502,556 and $708,632, respectively, of these direct acquisition fees.
During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 the Company amortized $511,320, $573,002
and $881,330, respectively, of these direct acquisition fees. At June 30, 2004 the Company
wrote-off $530,649 related to the capitalization of fees paid to third parties for address
correction and other customer data associated with the acquisition of portfolios purchased over the
past five years. As a result of a review of the Companys accounting, the Company determined these
capitalized acquisition fees should be expensed.
56
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The agreements to purchase the aforementioned receivables include general representations and
warranties from the sellers covering account holder death or bankruptcy and accounts settled or
disputed prior to sale. The representation and warranty period permitting the return of these
accounts from the Company to the seller is typically 90 to 180 days. Any funds received from the
seller of finance receivables as a return of purchase price are referred to as buybacks. Buyback
funds are simply applied against the finance receivable balance received and are not included in
the Companys cash collections from operations. In some cases, the seller will replace the
returned accounts with new accounts in lieu of returning the purchase price. In that case, the old
account is removed from the pool and the new account is added.
Commissions: The Company utilizes the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force 99-19,
Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent (EITF 99-19) to record commission
revenue from its contingent fee, skip-tracing and government processing and collection
subsidiaries. EITF 99-19 requires an analysis to be completed to determine if certain revenues
should be reported gross or reported net of their related operating expense. This analysis
includes who retains inventory/credit risk, who controls vendor selection, who establishes pricing
and who remains the primary obligor on the transaction. The Company considered each of these
factors to determine the correct method of recognizing revenue from its subsidiaries.
For the Companys contingent fee collection subsidiary, the portfolios which are placed for
servicing are owned by its clients and are placed under a contingent fee commission arrangement.
The Companys subsidiary is paid to collect funds from the clients debtors and earns a commission
generally expressed as a percentage of the gross collection amount. The Commissions line of the
income statement reflects the contingent fee amount earned, and not the gross collection amount.
The Companys skip tracing subsidiary utilizes gross reporting under EITF 99-19. IGS
generates revenue by working an account and successfully locating a customer for their client. An
investigative fee is received for these services. In addition, the Company incurs agent
expenses where it hires a third-party collector to effectuate repossession. In many cases the
Company has an arrangement with its client which allows it to bill the client for these fees. The
Company has determined these fees to be gross revenue based on the criteria in EITF 99-19 and they
are recorded as such in the line item Commissions, primarily because the Company is primarily
liable to the third party collector. There is a corresponding expense in Outside Legal and Other
Fees and Services for these pass-through items.
The Companys government processing and collection subsidiary utilizes both gross and net
reporting under EITF 99-19. RDSs primary source of income is derived from servicing taxing
authorities in several different ways: processing all of their tax payments and tax forms,
collecting delinquent taxes, identifying taxes that are not being paid and auditing tax payments.
The processing and collection pieces are standard commission based billings or fee for service
transactions and are included in the line item Commissions. When RDS conducts an audit, there
are two components. The first is a charge for the hours incurred on conducting the audit. This
charge is for hours worked and includes a profit margin above our actual cost. The gross billing
is a component of the line item Commissions and the expense is included in the line item
Compensation and employee services. The second item is for expenses incurred while conducting
the audit. Most jurisdictions will reimburse RDS for direct expenses incurred for the audit
including such items as travel and meals. The billed amounts are included in the line item
Commissions and the expense component is included in their appropriate expense category,
generally the line item Other operating expenses.
Net gain on cash sales of finance receivables: The Company accounts for its gain on cash
sales of finance receivables under SFAS No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of
Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. Gains on sale of finance receivables,
representing the difference between the sales price and the unamortized value of the finance
receivables sold, are recognized when finance receivables are sold.
The Company applies a financial components approach that focuses on control when accounting
and reporting for transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities.
Under that approach, after a transfer of financial assets, an entity recognizes the financial and
servicing assets it controls and the liabilities it has incurred, eliminates financial assets when
control has been surrendered, and eliminates liabilities when
extinguished. This approach provides consistent standards for distinguishing transfers of
financial assets that are sales from transfers that are secured borrowings.
57
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Property and equipment: Property and equipment, including improvements that significantly
add to the productive capacity or extend useful life, are recorded at cost, while maintenance and
repairs are expensed currently. Property and equipment are depreciated over their useful lives
using the straight-line method of depreciation. Software and computer equipment are depreciated
over three to five years. Furniture and fixtures are depreciated over five years. Equipment is
depreciated over five to seven years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the
lesser of the useful life, which ranges from three to ten years, or the remaining life of the
leased property. Building improvements are depreciated over ten to thirty-nine years. When
property is sold or retired, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the
balance sheet and any gain or loss is included in the income statement.
Intangible assets: The Company adopted SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets (SFAS 142) on October 1, 2004. Prior to this date, the Company had no assets in this
category. With the acquisition of IGS on October 1, 2004, and RDS on July 29, 2005, the Company
purchased certain tangible and intangible assets. Intangible assets purchased included client and
customer relationships, non-compete agreements and goodwill. In accordance with SFAS 142, the
Company is amortizing the IGS client relationships over seven years, the RDS customer relationships
over ten years and the non-compete agreements over three years for both the IGS and RDS
acquisitions. The Company reviews them at least annually for impairment. In addition, goodwill,
pursuant to SFAS 142, is not amortized but rather reviewed annually for impairment.
Income taxes: The Company records a tax provision for the anticipated tax consequences of the
reported results of operations. In accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes,
the provision for income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, under which
deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of
temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and
for operating losses and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years
in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled.
Effective with the Companys 2002 tax filings, the Company adopted the cost recovery method of
income recognition for tax purposes. The Company believes cost recovery to be an acceptable tax
revenue recognition method for companies in the bad debt purchasing industry and results in the
reduction of current taxable income as, for tax purposes, collections on finance receivables are
applied first to principal to reduce the finance receivables to zero before any income is
recognized.
The Company believes that it is more likely than not that forecasted income, including income
that may be generated as a result of certain tax planning strategies, together with the tax effects
of the deferred tax liabilities, will be sufficient to fully recover the remaining deferred tax
assets. In the event that all or part of the deferred tax assets are determined not to be
realizable in the future, a valuation allowance would be established and charged to earnings in the
period such determination is made. Similarly, if the Company subsequently realizes deferred tax
assets that were previously determined to be unrealizable, the respective valuation allowance would
be reversed, resulting in a positive adjustment to earnings or a decrease in goodwill in the period
such determination is made. In addition, the calculation of tax liabilities involves significant
judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws.
Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with managements expectations could
have a material impact on the Companys results of operations and financial position.
Advertising costs: Advertising costs are expensed when incurred.
Operating leases: General abatements or prepaid leasing costs are recognized on a
straight-line basis over the life of the lease. In addition, future minimum lease payments
(including the impact of rent escalations) are expensed on a straight-lined basis over the life of
the lease. Material leasehold improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life
of the lease.
Capital leases: Leases are analyzed to determine if they meet the definition of a capital
lease as defined in SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases. Those lease arrangements that meet one
of the four criteria are considered capital leases. As such, the leased asset is capitalized and
depreciated. The lease is recorded as a liability with each payment amortizing the principal
balance and a portion classified as interest expense.
58
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Stock-based compensation: The Company applied the intrinsic value method provided for under
Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, for
all warrants issued to employees prior to January 1, 2002. For warrants and options issued to
non-employees, the Company followed the fair value method of accounting as prescribed under SFAS
No. 123, Accounting for Stock Based Compensation (SFAS 123). On January 1, 2002 the Company
adopted SFAS 123 on a prospective basis for all warrants and options granted and reported the
change in accounting principle using the retroactive restatement method as prescribed in SFAS No.
148 Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Transition and Disclosure. Effective January 1,
2006, the Company adopted FASB Statement No. 123R (SFAS 123R), Share-Based Payment using the
modified prospective approach.
Use of estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
Significant estimates have been made by management with respect to the collectibility of
future cash flows of portfolios. Actual results could differ from these estimates making it
reasonably possible that a change in these estimates could occur within one year. On a quarterly
basis, management reviews the estimate of future cash collections, and whether it is reasonably
possible that its assessment of collectibility may change based on actual results and other
factors.
Estimated fair value of financial instruments: The Company applies the provisions of SFAS
No. 107, Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments, to its financial instruments.
Its financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, finance receivables, net,
revolving lines of credit, long-term debt, and obligations under capital leases. See Note 11 for
additional disclosure.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements: On December 16, 2004, FASB issued SFAS
123R. SFAS 123R revises SFAS 123 and requires companies to expense the fair value of employee
stock options and other forms of stock-based compensation. In addition to revising SFAS 123, SFAS
123R supersedes APB No. 25 and amends FASB Statement No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows. SFAS 123R
applies to all stock-based compensation transactions in which a company acquires services by (1)
issuing its stock or other equity instruments, except through arrangements resulting from employee
stock-ownership plans (ESOPs) or (2) incurring liabilities that are based on the companys stock
price. SFAS 123R is effective for annual periods that began after June 15, 2005. The Company
believes that all of its existing stock-based awards are equity instruments. The Company
previously adopted SFAS 123 on January 1, 2002 and has been expensing equity based compensation
since that time. The adoption of SFAS 123R had no material impact on the Companys financial
statements.
On July 13, 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48), Accounting for
Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. FIN 48 clarifies the
accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprises financial statements in
accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition
threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a
tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on
derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure
and transition. The evaluation of a tax position in accordance with FIN 48 is a two-step process.
The first step is recognition: the enterprise determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a
tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or
litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax
position has met the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the enterprise should presume that
the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that would have full knowledge of
all relevant information. The second step is measurement: a tax position that meets the more-
likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to
recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of
benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax
positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be
recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is met.
Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold should be derecognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that
threshold is no longer met. The Company is required
59
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
to adopt the provisions of FIN 48 with respect
to all of its tax positions as of January 1, 2007. The cumulative effect of applying the
provisions of FIN 48 will be reported as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings
on January 1, 2007. The Company has estimated the impact of adopting FIN 48 to be an immaterial
adjustment to retained earnings with a corresponding offset to liabilities.
On September 13, 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting
Bulletin No. 108 Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying
Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements (SAB 108). SAB 108 provides interpretive
guidance on how the effects of the carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be
considered in quantifying a current year misstatement. The SEC staff believes that registrants
should quantify errors using both a balance sheet and an income statement approach and evaluate
whether either approach results in a misstatement that, when all relevant quantitative and
qualitative factors are considered, is material and therefore must be quantified. SAB 108 is
effective for fiscal years ending on or after November 15, 2006. The Company believes that SAB 108
will have no material impact on its financial statements.
On September 15, 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157).
SFAS 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value
measurements. The changes to current practice resulting from the application of SFAS 157 relate to
the definition of fair value, the methods used to measure fair value, and the expanded disclosures
about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15,
2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact
SFAS 157 will have on its financial statements.
3. Finance Receivables, net:
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company had $226,447,495 and $193,644,670,
respectively, remaining of finance receivables. Changes in finance receivables at December 31,
2006 and 2005, were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Balance at beginning of period |
|
$ |
193,644,670 |
|
|
$ |
105,188,906 |
|
Acquisitions of finance receivables, net of buybacks |
|
|
105,838,296 |
|
|
|
145,157,090 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash collections |
|
|
(236,392,794 |
) |
|
|
(191,375,670 |
) |
Income recognized on finance receivables, net |
|
|
163,357,323 |
|
|
|
134,674,344 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash collections applied to principal |
|
|
(73,035,471 |
) |
|
|
(56,701,326 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of period |
|
$ |
226,447,495 |
|
|
$ |
193,644,670 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At the time of acquisition, the life of each pool is generally estimated to be between 84 to
96 months based on projected amounts and timing of future cash receipts using the proprietary
models of the Company. As of December 31, 2006 the Company had $226,447,495 in finance receivables
included in the balance sheet. Based upon current projections, cash collections applied to
principal will be as follows for the twelve months in the years ending:
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
$ |
59,710,787 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
|
50,938,800 |
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
|
39,646,727 |
|
December 31, 2010 |
|
|
33,309,270 |
|
December 31, 2011 |
|
|
27,219,796 |
|
December 31, 2012 |
|
|
14,167,174 |
|
December 31, 2013 |
|
|
1,454,941 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
226,447,495 |
|
|
|
|
|
60
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company purchased $7.8 billion of face value of
charged-off consumer receivables. During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company purchased
$5.3 billion of face value of charged-off consumer receivables. At December 31, 2006, the
estimated remaining collections on the receivables purchased during 2006 are $208,034,893. At
December 31, 2006, the estimated remaining collections on the receivables purchased during 2005 are
$211,635,968.
Accretable yield represents the amount of income the Company can expect to generate over the
remaining life of its existing portfolios based on estimated future cash flows as of December 31,
2006 and 2005. Reclassifications from nonaccretable difference to accretable yield primarily
result from the Companys increase in its estimate of future cash flows. Changes in accretable
yield for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Balance at beginning of period |
|
$ |
299,280,328 |
|
|
$ |
202,922,449 |
|
Income recognized on finance receivables, net |
|
|
(163,357,323 |
) |
|
|
(134,674,344 |
) |
Additions |
|
|
128,771,384 |
|
|
|
157,081,401 |
|
Reclassifications from nonaccretable difference |
|
|
62,081,010 |
|
|
|
73,950,822 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of period |
|
$ |
326,775,399 |
|
|
$ |
299,280,328 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company recorded a $1,100,000 and
$200,000 allowance charge, respectively, on portfolios that had underperformed expectations. The
Company previously had not booked any other valuation allowances on its finance receivables. The
change in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Balance at beginning of period |
|
$ |
200,000 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Allowance charges recorded |
|
|
1,100,000 |
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
Reversal of previously recorded allowance charges |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in allowance charge |
|
|
1,100,000 |
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of period |
|
$ |
1,300,000 |
|
|
$ |
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. Operating Leases:
The Company rents office space and equipment under operating leases. Rental expense was
$1,915,103, $1,803,812 and $1,520,100 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively.
Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2006, are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
$ |
2,243,392 |
|
2008 |
|
|
2,414,851 |
|
2009 |
|
|
2,476,668 |
|
2010 |
|
|
2,133,302 |
|
2011 |
|
|
1,911,238 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
3,907,730 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
15,087,181 |
|
|
|
|
|
61
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
5. Intangible Assets, net:
With the acquisitions of IGS on October 1, 2004 and RDS on July 29, 2005, the Company
purchased certain tangible and intangible assets. Intangible assets purchased included client and
customer relationships, non-compete agreements and goodwill. In accordance with SFAS 142, the
Company is amortizing the IGS client relationships over seven years, the RDS customer relationships
over ten years and the non-compete agreements over three years for both the IGS and RDS
acquisitions with a combined original weighted average amortization period of 7.54 years. The
Company reviews them at least annually for impairment. Total amortization expense for the years
ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $2,268,652, $2,296,172 and $481,162, respectively.
Intangible assets consist of the following at December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
Client and customer relationships |
|
$ |
9,800,000 |
|
Non-compete agreements |
|
|
2,000,000 |
|
Accumulated amortization |
|
|
(5,045,986 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets, net |
|
$ |
6,754,014 |
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization expense relating to the non-compete agreements is calculated on a straight-line
method (which approximates the pattern of economic benefit concept) for the IGS non-compete
agreements and a pattern of economic benefit concept for the Alatax non-compete agreements.
Amortization expense relating to the client and customer relationships is calculated using a
pattern of economic benefit concept. The pattern of economic benefit concept relies on expected
net cash flows from all existing clients. The rate of amortization of the client relationships
will fluctuate annually to match these expected cash flows. The future amortization of these
intangible assets is as follows as of December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
$ |
1,812,680 |
|
2008 |
|
|
1,354,075 |
|
2009 |
|
|
1,177,279 |
|
2010 |
|
|
963,579 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
1,446,401 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
6,754,014 |
|
|
|
|
|
In addition, goodwill, pursuant to SFAS 142, is not amortized but rather is reviewed at least
annually for impairment. During the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company underwent its annual
review of goodwill. Based upon the results of this review, which was conducted as of October 1,
2006, no impairment charges to goodwill or the other intangible assets were necessary as of the
date of this review. The Company believes that nothing has occurred since the review was performed
through December 31, 2006, that would necessitate an impairment charge to goodwill or the other
intangible assets. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the carrying value of goodwill was $18,287,511.
6. Capital Leases:
Leased assets included in property and equipment consists of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Software |
|
$ |
270,008 |
|
|
$ |
270,008 |
|
Computer equipment |
|
|
56,063 |
|
|
|
59,652 |
|
Furniture and fixtures |
|
|
1,260,287 |
|
|
|
1,260,287 |
|
Equipment |
|
|
27,249 |
|
|
|
27,249 |
|
Less accumulated depreciation |
|
|
(1,278,095 |
) |
|
|
(1,097,780 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
335,512 |
|
|
$ |
519,416 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
62
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Depreciation expense recognized on capital leases for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004 was $183,904, $235,164 and $255,025, respectively.
Commitments for minimum annual rental payments for these leases as of December 31, 2006 are as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
$ |
148,539 |
|
2008 |
|
|
99,949 |
|
2009 |
|
|
5,698 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
254,186 |
|
Less amount representing interest and taxes |
|
|
11,801 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Present value of net minimum lease payments |
|
$ |
242,385 |
|
|
|
|
|
7. 401(k) Retirement Plan:
Effective October 1, 1998, the Company sponsors a defined contribution plan. Under the plan,
all employees over twenty-one years of age are eligible to make voluntary contributions to the Plan
up to 100% of their compensation, subject to Internal Revenue Service limitations after completing
six months of service, as defined in the plan. The Company makes matching contributions of up to
4% of an employees salary. Total compensation expense related to these contributions was
$682,115, $603,830 and $434,778 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
8. Revolving Lines of Credit:
The Company maintained a $25.0 million revolving line of credit pursuant to an
agreement entered into with RBC Centura Bank on November 28, 2003 and amended on November 22, 2004.
This facility was terminated on November 28, 2005. The credit facility bore interest at a spread
of 2.50% over LIBOR and extended through November 28, 2006. The agreement called for:
|
|
|
restrictions on monthly borrowings are limited to 20% of estimated remaining collections; |
|
|
|
|
a debt coverage ratio of at least 8.0 to 1.0, calculated on a rolling twelve-month average; |
|
|
|
|
a debt to tangible net worth ratio of less than 0.40 to 1.00; |
|
|
|
|
net income per quarter of at least $1.00, calculated on a consolidated basis; and |
|
|
|
|
restrictions on change of control. |
This facility had no amounts outstanding during 2005 through the time of its termination.
On November 29, 2005, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement for a revolving
line of credit jointly offered by Bank of America, N.A. and Wachovia Bank, National Association.
This agreement was amended on May 9, 2006 to include RBC Centura Bank as an additional lender. The
agreement is a revolving line of credit in an amount equal to the lesser of $75,000,000 or 20% of
the Companys estimated remaining collections of all its eligible asset pools. Borrowings under
the new revolving credit facility will bear interest at a floating rate equal to the LIBOR Market
Index Rate plus 1.75% and expires on November 29, 2008. The loan is collateralized by
substantially all the tangible and intangible assets of the Company. The agreement provides for:
|
|
|
restrictions on monthly borrowings are limited to 20% of estimated remaining collections; |
|
|
|
|
a funded debt to EBITDA ratio of less than 1.0 to 1.0 calculated on a rolling twelve-month average; |
|
|
|
|
tangible net worth of at least 100% of prior quarter tangible net worth plus 25% of
cumulative positive net income since the end of such fiscal quarter, plus 100% of the net proceeds
from any equity offering; and |
|
|
|
|
restrictions on change of control. |
63
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
This facility had $0 and $15 million outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The weighted average interest rate on the amount outstanding at December 31, 2005 was 6.13%. As
of December 31, 2006 the Company is in compliance with all of the covenants of this agreement.
9. Property and equipment, net:
Property and equipment, at cost, consist of the following as of December 31, 2006 and 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Software |
|
$ |
5,007,449 |
|
|
$ |
3,253,454 |
|
Computer equipment |
|
|
4,467,524 |
|
|
|
3,626,353 |
|
Furniture and fixtures |
|
|
2,716,723 |
|
|
|
2,182,388 |
|
Equipment |
|
|
3,802,427 |
|
|
|
2,743,966 |
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
1,842,402 |
|
|
|
1,644,566 |
|
Building and improvements |
|
|
3,282,620 |
|
|
|
1,714,353 |
|
Land |
|
|
930,263 |
|
|
|
150,922 |
|
Less accumulated depreciation |
|
|
(10,856,434 |
) |
|
|
(8,129,584 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
$ |
11,192,974 |
|
|
$ |
7,186,418 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $2,861,976,
$2,382,426 and $1,901,734, respectively.
Beginning in July 2006 upon initiation of certain internally developed software projects, in
accordance with the provisions of SOP 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software
Developed or Obtained for Internal Use, the Company began capitalizing qualifying computer
software costs incurred during the application development stage and amortizing them over their
estimated useful life of three years on a straight-line basis beginning when the project is
completed. Costs associated with preliminary project stage activities, training, maintenance and
all other post implementation stage activities are expensed as incurred. The Companys policy
provides for the capitalization of certain direct payroll costs for employees who are directly
associated with internal use computer software projects, as well as external direct costs of
services associated with developing or obtaining internal use software. Capitalizable personnel
costs are limited to the time directly spent on such projects. As of December 31, 2006, the
Company has incurred and capitalized $165,964 of these direct payroll costs related to software
developed for internal use. Of these costs, $99,712 is for projects that are in the development
stage and therefore are a component of Other Assets. Once the projects are completed the costs
will be transferred to Software and amortized over their estimated useful life of three years.
Depreciation expense and remaining unamortized costs relating to this internally developed software
for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $2,208 and $64,044, respectively.
10. Long-Term Debt:
In July 2000, the Company purchased a building in Hutchinson, Kansas. The building was
financed with a commercial loan for $550,000 with a variable interest rate based on LIBOR. This
commercial loan is collateralized by the real estate in Kansas. Monthly principal payments on the
loan were $4,583 for an amortized term of 10 years. A balloon payment of $275,000 was due July 21,
2005, which resulted in a five-year principal payout. The loan was paid in full at its maturity
date of July 21, 2005.
On February 9, 2001, the Company purchased a generator for its Norfolk location. The generator
was financed with a commercial loan for $107,000 with a fixed rate of 7.9%. This commercial loan is
collateralized by the generator. Monthly payments on the loan were $2,170 and the loan was paid in
full at its maturity date of February 1, 2006.
64
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
On February 20, 2002, the Company completed the construction of a satellite parking lot at its
Norfolk location. The parking lot was financed with a commercial loan for $500,000 with a fixed
rate of 6.47%. The loan is collateralized by the parking lot. The loan required only interest
payments during the first six months. Beginning October 1, 2002, monthly payments on the loan are
$9,797 and the loan matures on September 1, 2007.
On May 1, 2003, the Company secured financing for its computer equipment purchases related to
the Hampton, Virginia office opening. The computer equipment was financed with a commercial loan
for $975,000 with a fixed rate of 4.25%. This loan is collateralized by computer equipment.
Monthly payments are $18,096 and the loan matures on May 1, 2008.
On January 9, 2004, the Company entered into a commercial loan agreement in the amount of
$750,000 to finance equipment purchases at one of its leased Norfolk facilities. This loan bears
interest at a fixed rate of 4.45%, matures on January 1, 2009 and is collateralized by the
purchased equipment.
Annual payments on all loans outstanding as of December 31, 2006 are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
$ |
463,229 |
|
2008 |
|
|
240,083 |
|
2009 |
|
|
13,975 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
717,287 |
|
Less amount representing interest |
|
|
(27,395 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Principal due |
|
$ |
689,892 |
|
|
|
|
|
At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the three and five outstanding loans were collateralized by
property and buildings that have a book value of $939,341 and $1,290,244, respectively. The loans
require the Company to maintain net worth greater than $20 million and a cash flow coverage ratio
of at least 1.5 to 1.0 calculated on a rolling twelve-month average. As of December 31, 2006 the
Company is in compliance with all of the covenants of these agreements.
11. Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments:
The accompanying financial statements include various estimated fair value information as of
December 31, 2006, as required by SFAS No. 107, Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial
Instruments. Disclosure of the estimated fair values of financial instruments often requires the
use of estimates. The Company uses the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair
value of financial instruments.
Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount approximates fair value.
Finance receivables, net: The Company records purchased receivables at cost, which
represents a significant discount from the contractual receivable balances due. The cost of the
receivables is reduced as cash is received based upon the guidance of Practice Bulletin 6 and SOP
03-3. The balance at December 31, 2006 and 2005 was $226,447,495 and $193,644,670, respectively.
The Company computed the fair value of these receivables using our proprietary pricing models that
the Company utilizes to make portfolio purchase decisions. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, using the
aforementioned methodology, we computed the approximate fair value to be $246,000,000 and
$232,000,000, respectively.
Revolving lines of credit: The carrying amount approximates fair value.
Long-term debt: The carrying amount approximates fair value.
Obligations under capital lease: The carrying amount approximates fair value.
65
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
12. Stock-Based Compensation:
The Company has a stock warrant plan and a stock option plan. The Amended and Restated
Portfolio Recovery 2002 Stock Option Plan and 2004 Restricted Stock Plan (the Amended Plan) was
approved by the Companys shareholders at its Annual Meeting of Shareholders on May 12, 2004,
enabling the Company to issue to its employees and directors restricted shares of stock, as well as
stock options. Also, in connection with the IPO, all existing PRA warrants that were owned by
certain individuals and entities were exchanged for an equal number of PRA Inc warrants. Prior to
2002, the Company accounted for stock compensation issued under the recognition and measurement
provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related
Interpretations.
Effective January 1, 2002, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS
123 prospectively to all employee awards granted, modified, or settled after January 1, 2002. All
stock-based compensation measured under the provisions of APB 25 became fully vested during 2002.
All stock-based compensation expense recognized thereafter was derived from stock-based
compensation based on the fair value method prescribed in SFAS 123. Effective January 1, 2006, the
Company adopted SFAS 123R using the modified prospective approach. The adoption of SFAS 123R
resulted in a reclassification which increased cash flows from financing activities and decreased
cash flows from operating activities by $2,420,268 relating to income tax benefits from share based
compensation and increased equity by $426,752 for the year ended December 31, 2006. The adoption
of SFAS 123R had no material impact on the Companys Income Statement. The adoption of SFAS 123R
had no impact on previously reported interim periods. As of December 31, 2006, total future
compensation costs related to nonvested awards of stock options and nonvested shares are $6,747,122
with a weighted average remaining life (contractual term) of 3.04 years for stock options and 3.82
years for nonvested shares. Based upon historical data, the Company used an annual forfeiture rate
of 3.38% for stock options and 2.90% for nonvested shares for most of the employee grants. Grants
made to key employee hires and directors of the Company were assumed to have no forfeiture rates
associated with them due to the low turnover among this group. In addition, concurrently with the
adoption of SFAS 123R, all previous references to restricted stock are now referred to as
nonvested shares.
Total stock-based compensation was $2,116,631, $1,190,446 and $749,754 for the years ended
December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Tax benefits resulting from tax deductions in
excess of share-based compensation expense recognized under the fair value recognition provisions
of SFAS No. 123R (windfall tax benefits) are credited to additional paid-in capital in the
Companys balance sheets. Realized tax shortfalls are first offset against the cumulative balance
of windfall tax benefits, if any, and then charged directly to income tax expense. The total tax
benefit realized from stock-based compensation was $2,988,274, $2,568,327 and $1,185,984 for the
years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Stock Warrants
Prior to the IPO, the PRA management committee was authorized to issue warrants to partners,
employees or vendors to purchase membership units. Generally, warrants granted had a term between
five and seven years and vested within three years. Warrants had been issued at or above the fair
market value on the date of grant. Warrants vest and expire according to terms established at the
grant date. All warrants became fully vested at the Companys IPO in 2002.
66
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following summarizes all warrant related transactions from December 31, 2003 through
December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrants |
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
Outstanding |
|
|
Exercise Price |
|
December 31, 2003 |
|
|
107,500 |
|
|
$ |
4.20 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(67,500 |
) |
|
|
4.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 |
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
4.20 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(36,250 |
) |
|
|
4.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
3,750 |
|
|
|
4.20 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(3,750 |
) |
|
|
4.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock Options
The Company created the 2002 Stock Option Plan on November 7, 2002. The plan was amended in
2004 by the Amended Plan to enable the Company to issue restricted shares of stock to its employees
and directors. The Amended Plan was approved by the Companys shareholders at its Annual Meeting on
May 12, 2004. Up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock may be issued under the Amended Plan. The
Amended Plan expires November 7, 2012. All options issued under the Amended Plan vest ratably over
five years. Granted options expire seven years from grant date. Expiration dates range between
November 7, 2009 and January 16, 2011. Options granted to a single person cannot exceed 200,000 in
a single year. As of December 31, 2006, 895,000 options have been granted under the Amended Plan
of which 109,170 have been cancelled and are eligible for regrant. These options are accounted for
under SFAS 123R and all expenses for 2006, 2005 and 2004 are included in earnings as a component of
compensation and employee services expense.
The following summarizes all option related transactions from December 31, 2003 through
December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
|
Options |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
Outstanding |
|
|
Exercise Price |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
December 31, 2003 |
|
|
797,910 |
|
|
$ |
14.09 |
|
|
$ |
2.9414 |
|
Granted |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
28.79 |
|
|
|
2.8468 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(63,511 |
) |
|
|
13.30 |
|
|
|
2.7794 |
|
Cancelled |
|
|
(47,940 |
) |
|
|
13.00 |
|
|
|
2.7133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 |
|
|
706,459 |
|
|
|
14.65 |
|
|
|
2.9692 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(181,910 |
) |
|
|
13.22 |
|
|
|
2.7265 |
|
Cancelled |
|
|
(20,040 |
) |
|
|
15.63 |
|
|
|
2.8107 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
504,509 |
|
|
|
15.12 |
|
|
|
3.0624 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(188,475 |
) |
|
|
13.19 |
|
|
|
2.7561 |
|
Cancelled |
|
|
(15,015 |
) |
|
|
13.00 |
|
|
|
2.7133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2006 |
|
|
301,019 |
|
|
$ |
16.43 |
|
|
$ |
3.2717 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All of the stock options were issued to employees of the Company except for 40,000 that were
issued to non-employee directors. Non-employee directors were granted 20,000 stock options in
2004. No stock options were granted in 2005 or 2006. The total intrinsic value of options
exercised during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, was $6.3 million, $4.7 million,
and $1.3 million, respectively.
67
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following information is as of December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options Outstanding |
|
|
Options Exercisable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
Exercise |
|
Number |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
Number |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
Prices |
|
Outstanding |
|
|
Life |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Intrinsic Value |
|
|
Exercisable |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Intrinsic Value |
|
$13.00 |
|
|
226,519 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
|
|
$ |
13.00 |
|
|
$ |
7,631,425 |
|
|
|
95,749 |
|
|
$ |
13.00 |
|
|
$ |
3,225,784 |
|
$16.16 |
|
|
7,500 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
|
|
|
16.16 |
|
|
|
228,975 |
|
|
|
5,500 |
|
|
|
16.16 |
|
|
|
167,915 |
|
$27.77 $29.79 |
|
|
67,000 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
28.06 |
|
|
|
1,248,320 |
|
|
|
36,000 |
|
|
|
27.96 |
|
|
|
674,360 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total at December
31, 2006 |
|
|
301,019 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
$ |
16.43 |
|
|
$ |
9,108,720 |
|
|
|
137,249 |
|
|
$ |
17.05 |
|
|
$ |
4,068,059 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the value
of the stock options when granted. This model was developed to estimate the fair value of traded
options, which have different characteristics than employee stock options. In addition, changes to
the subjective input assumptions can result in materially different fair market value estimates.
Therefore, the Black-Scholes model may not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the
fair value of employee stock options.
The following assumptions were used:
|
|
|
Options issue year: |
|
2004 |
Weighted average fair value
of options granted
|
|
$2.85 |
Expected volatility
|
|
13.26% 13.55% |
Risk-free interest rate
|
|
3.16% 3.37% |
Expected dividend yield
|
|
0.00% |
Expected life (in years)
|
|
5.00 |
Utilizing these assumptions, each non-employee director stock option granted in 2004 is valued
between $2.62 and $2.92. No options have been awarded to Messrs. Fredrickson, Stevenson or Grube
since the IPO in November 2002.
Nonvested Shares
Prior to the approval of the Amended Plan on May 12, 2004, nonvested shares were issued by the
Company as an incentive to attract new employees and, effective May 12, 2004, are being issued
pursuant to the Amended Plan to directors and existing employees as well. Generally, the terms of
the nonvested share awards are similar to those of the stock option awards, wherein the shares are
issued at or above market values and typically vest ratably over five years. Nonvested share
grants are expensed over their vesting period.
68
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following summarizes all nonvested share transactions from December 31, 2003 through
December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Nonvested |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Price at |
|
|
|
Outstanding |
|
|
Grant Date |
|
December 31, 2003 |
|
|
13,045 |
|
|
$ |
27.57 |
|
Granted |
|
|
84,350 |
|
|
|
26.94 |
|
Vested |
|
|
(2,609 |
) |
|
|
27.57 |
|
Cancelled |
|
|
(4,900 |
) |
|
|
26.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 |
|
|
89,886 |
|
|
|
27.06 |
|
Granted |
|
|
74,600 |
|
|
|
41.92 |
|
Vested |
|
|
(17,389 |
) |
|
|
27.10 |
|
Cancelled |
|
|
(11,760 |
) |
|
|
30.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
135,337 |
|
|
|
34.96 |
|
Granted |
|
|
82,700 |
|
|
|
46.88 |
|
Vested |
|
|
(27,764 |
) |
|
|
33.88 |
|
Cancelled |
|
|
(19,165 |
) |
|
|
37.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2006 |
|
|
171,108 |
|
|
$ |
40.59 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The total fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and
2004, was $940,644, $471,241 and $71,930, respectively.
13. Earnings per Share:
Basic earnings per share (EPS) are computed by dividing income available to common
shareholders by weighted average common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS are computed using the
same components as basic EPS with the denominator adjusted for the dilutive effect of stock
warrants, stock options and nonvested stock awards. The dilutive effect of stock options and
nonvested restricted stock is computed using the treasury stock method, which assumes any proceeds
that could be obtained upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock would be
used to purchase common shares at the average market price for the period. The assumed proceeds
include the windfall tax benefit that is received upon assumed exercise. The following table
provides a reconciliation between the computation of basic EPS and diluted EPS for the years ended
December 31, 2006 and 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
|
Net Income |
|
Common Shares |
|
EPS |
|
Net Income |
|
Common Shares |
|
EPS |
|
|
|
Basic EPS |
|
$ |
44,489,816 |
|
|
|
15,910,795 |
|
|
$ |
2.80 |
|
|
$ |
36,771,995 |
|
|
|
15,641,862 |
|
|
$ |
2.35 |
|
Dilutive effect of stock warrants,
options and restricted stock awards |
|
|
|
|
|
|
171,003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
506,841 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted EPS |
|
$ |
44,489,816 |
|
|
|
16,081,798 |
|
|
$ |
2.77 |
|
|
$ |
36,771,995 |
|
|
|
16,148,703 |
|
|
$ |
2.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, there were no antidilutive options outstanding.
69
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
14. Stockholders Equity:
Shares of common stock outstanding were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
December 31, 2003 |
|
|
15,294,676 |
|
Exercise of warrants, options and vesting of
nonvested shares |
|
|
133,620 |
|
Issuance of common stock for acquisition |
|
|
69,914 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 |
|
|
15,498,210 |
|
Exercise of warrants, options and vesting of
nonvested shares |
|
|
235,549 |
|
Issuance of common stock for acquisition |
|
|
33,684 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
15,767,443 |
|
Exercise of warrants, options and vesting of
nonvested shares |
|
|
219,989 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2006 |
|
|
15,987,432 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
15. Income Taxes:
Prior to November 8, 2002, the Company was organized as a limited liability company, taxed as
a partnership, and as such was not subject to federal or state income taxes. Immediately before
the IPO, the Company was reorganized as a corporation and became subject to income taxes.
The income tax expense recognized for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 is
composed of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31, 2006 |
|
Federal |
|
State |
|
Total |
Current tax expense |
|
$ |
14,344,676 |
|
|
$ |
2,264,450 |
|
|
$ |
16,609,126 |
|
Deferred tax expense |
|
|
9,563,369 |
|
|
|
1,543,306 |
|
|
|
11,106,675 |
|
|
|
|
Total income tax expense |
|
$ |
23,908,045 |
|
|
$ |
3,807,756 |
|
|
$ |
27,715,801 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31, 2005 |
|
Federal |
|
State |
|
Total |
Current tax expense |
|
$ |
11,741,714 |
|
|
$ |
2,352,431 |
|
|
$ |
14,094,145 |
|
Deferred tax expense |
|
|
7,817,133 |
|
|
|
1,248,183 |
|
|
|
9,065,316 |
|
|
|
|
Total income tax expense |
|
$ |
19,558,847 |
|
|
$ |
3,600,614 |
|
|
$ |
23,159,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31, 2004 |
|
Federal |
|
State |
|
Total |
Current tax expense |
|
$ |
638,583 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
638,583 |
|
Deferred tax expense |
|
|
14,056,721 |
|
|
|
2,692,844 |
|
|
|
16,749,565 |
|
|
|
|
Total income tax expense |
|
$ |
14,695,304 |
|
|
$ |
2,692,844 |
|
|
$ |
17,388,148 |
|
|
|
|
70
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company has recognized a net deferred tax liability of $33,452,670 and $22,345,995 as
of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The components of this net liability are:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employee compensation |
|
$ |
733,523 |
|
|
$ |
473,746 |
|
State tax credit |
|
|
137,475 |
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets and goodwill |
|
|
573,800 |
|
|
|
473,364 |
|
Other |
|
|
7,591 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred tax asset |
|
|
1,452,389 |
|
|
|
947,110 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expense |
|
|
115,432 |
|
|
|
370,923 |
|
Prepaid expenses |
|
|
406,756 |
|
|
|
336,865 |
|
Cost recovery |
|
|
34,382,871 |
|
|
|
22,585,317 |
|
|
|
|
Total deferred tax liability |
|
|
34,905,059 |
|
|
|
23,293,105 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred tax liability |
|
$ |
33,452,670 |
|
|
$ |
22,345,995 |
|
|
|
|
A valuation allowance has not been provided at December 31, 2006 or 2005 since management
believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. In the event
that all or part of the deferred tax assets are determined not to be realizable in the future, an
adjustment to the valuation allowance would be charged to earnings in the period such determination
is made. Similarly, if the Company subsequently realizes deferred tax assets that were previously
determined to be unrealizable, the respective valuation allowance would be reversed,
resulting in a positive adjustment to earnings or a decrease in goodwill in the period such
determination is made. In addition, the calculation of tax liabilities involves significant
judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws.
Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with managements expectations could
have a material impact on the Companys results of operations and financial position.
The Company believes cost recovery to be an acceptable tax revenue recognition method for
companies in the bad debt purchasing industry and results in the reduction of current taxable
income as, for tax purposes, collections on finance receivables are applied first to principal to
reduce the finance receivables to zero before any taxable income is recognized. The timing
difference from the adoption of cost recovery resulted in a deferred tax liability at December 31,
2006 and 2005.
A reconciliation of the Companys expected tax expense at statutory tax rates to actual tax
expense for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 consists of the following components:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
Federal tax at statutory rates |
|
$ |
25,271,966 |
|
|
$ |
20,976,009 |
|
|
$ |
15,693,856 |
|
State tax expense, net of federal benefit |
|
|
2,475,041 |
|
|
|
2,340,399 |
|
|
|
1,750,349 |
|
Other |
|
|
(31,206 |
) |
|
|
(156,947 |
) |
|
|
(56,057 |
) |
|
|
|
Total income tax expense |
|
$ |
27,715,801 |
|
|
$ |
23,159,461 |
|
|
$ |
17,388,148 |
|
|
|
|
16. Commitments and Contingencies:
Employment Agreements:
The Company has employment agreements with all of its executive officers and with several
members of its senior management group, most of which expire on December 31, 2008. Such
agreements provide for base salary payments as well as bonuses which are based on the attainment of
specific management goals. Estimated future compensation under these agreements is approximately
$8,567,063. The agreements also contain confidentiality and non-compete provisions.
Litigation:
The Company is from time to time subject to routine litigation incidental to its business. The
Company believes that the results of any pending legal proceedings will not have a material adverse
effect on the financial condition, results of operations or liquidity of the Company.
71
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. We maintain disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) that are designed to ensure
that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and forms, and that
such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management
recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide
only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily
was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls
and procedures. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject
to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree
of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
We conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal
executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls
and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the
principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of December 31,
2006, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. We are responsible for
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control
over financial reporting is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) as a process
designed by, or under the supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial
officers and effected by the companys board of directors, management and other personnel, to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation
of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not
prevent or detect misstatements.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal
executive officer and principal financial officer, we carried out an evaluation of the
effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal
Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the
Treadway Commission. Based on its assessment, management has determined that, as of December 31,
2006, its internal control over financial reporting was effective based on the criteria
set forth in the COSO framework. The companys independent registered public accounting firm,
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, has issued an attestation report on managements assessment of our
internal control over financial reporting, as stated in their report which is included herein.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There was no change in our internal control
over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2006 that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information.
None.
72
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.
The following table sets forth certain information as of February 11, 2007 about the
Companys directors and executive officers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Position |
|
Age |
Steven D. Fredrickson
|
|
President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
|
|
|
47 |
|
Kevin P. Stevenson
|
|
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial and
Administrative Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
|
|
|
42 |
|
Craig A. Grube
|
|
Executive Vice President Acquisitions
|
|
|
46 |
|
Judith S. Scott
|
|
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
|
|
|
61 |
|
William P. Brophey
|
|
Director*
|
|
|
69 |
|
Penelope W. Kyle
|
|
Director
|
|
|
59 |
|
David N. Roberts
|
|
Director
|
|
|
44 |
|
Scott M. Tabakin
|
|
Director*
|
|
|
48 |
|
James M. Voss
|
|
Director*
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Member of the Companys audit committee (the Audit Committee), which has been established in
accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Exchange Act. In the opinion of the Board, Mr. Voss and
Mr. Tabakin are independent directors who qualify as audit committee financial experts, pursuant
to Section 401(h) of Regulations S-K. |
Steven D. Fredrickson, President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Prior to
co-founding Portfolio Recovery Associates in 1996, Mr. Fredrickson was Vice President, Director of
Household Recovery Services (HRSC) Portfolio Services Group from late 1993 until February 1996.
At HRSC Mr. Fredrickson was ultimately responsible for HRSCs portfolio sale and purchase programs,
finance and accounting, as well as other functional areas. Prior to joining HRSC, he spent five
years with Household Commercial Financial Services managing a national commercial real estate
workout team and five years with Continental Bank of Chicago as a member of the FDIC workout
department, specializing in corporate and real estate workouts. He received a B.S. degree from the
University of Denver and a M.B.A. degree from the University of Illinois. He is a past board
member of the American Asset Buyers Association.
Kevin P. Stevenson, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial and Administrative Officer,
Treasurer and Assistant Secretary. Prior to co-founding Portfolio Recovery Associates in 1996, Mr.
Stevenson served as Controller and Department Manager of Financial Control and Operations Support
at HRSC from June 1994 to March 1996, supervising a department of approximately 30 employees.
Prior to joining HRSC, he served as Controller of Household Banks Regional Processing Center in
Worthington, Ohio where he also managed the collections, technology, research and ATM departments.
While at Household Bank, Mr. Stevenson participated in eight bank acquisitions and numerous branch
acquisitions or divestitures. He is a certified public accountant and received his B.S.B.A. with a
major in accounting from the Ohio State University.
Craig A. Grube, Executive Vice President Acquisitions. Prior to joining Portfolio Recovery
Associates in March 1998, Mr. Grube was a senior officer and director of Anchor Fence, Inc., a
manufacturing and distribution business from 1989 to March 1997, when the company was sold.
Between the time of the sale and March 1998, Mr. Grube continued to work for Anchor Fence. Prior
to joining Anchor Fence, he managed distressed corporate debt for the FDIC at Continental Illinois
National Bank for five years. He received his B.A. degree from Boston College and his M.B.A.
degree from the University of Illinois.
Judith S. Scott, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Prior to joining
Portfolio Recovery Associates in March 1998, Ms. Scott held senior positions, from 1991 to March
1998, with Old Dominion University as Director of its Virginia Peninsula campus; from 1985 to 1991,
as General Counsel of a computer manufacturing firm; as Senior Counsel in the Office of the
Governor of Virginia from 1982 to 1985; as Senior Counsel for the Virginia Housing Development
Authority from 1976 to 1982, and as Assistant Attorney
General for the Commonwealth of Virginia from 1975 to 1976. Ms. Scott received her B.S. in
business administration from
73
Virginia State University, a post baccalaureate degree in economics
from Swarthmore College, and a J.D. from the Catholic University School of Law.
William P. Brophey, Director. Mr. Brophey was appointed as a director of Portfolio Recovery
Associates in 2002 and subsequently elected at the Companys next Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
Currently retired, Mr. Brophey has more than 35 years of experience as president and chief
executive officer of Brad Ragan, Inc., a (formerly) publicly traded automotive product and service
retailer and as a senior executive at The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. Throughout his career,
he held numerous field and corporate positions at Goodyear in the areas of wholesale, retail,
credit, and sales and marketing, including general marketing manager, commercial tire products. He
served as president and chief executive officer and a member of the board of directors of Brad
Ragan, Inc. (a 75% owned public subsidiary of Goodyear) from 1988 to 1996, and vice chairman of the
board of directors from 1994 to 1996, when he was named vice president, original equipment tire
sales world wide at Goodyear. From 1998 until his retirement in 2000, he was again elected
president and chief executive officer and vice chairman of the board of directors of Brad Ragan,
Inc. Mr. Brophey has a business degree from Ohio Valley College and attended advanced management
programs at Kent State University, Northwestern University, Morehouse College and Columbia
University.
Penelope W. Kyle, Director. Mrs. Kyle was appointed as a director of Portfolio Recovery
Associates in 2005 and subsequently elected at the Companys next Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
Mrs. Kyle presently serves as President of Radford University. Prior to her appointment as
President of Radford University in June 2005, she had served since 1994 as Director of the Virginia
Lottery. Earlier in her career, she worked as an attorney at the law firm McGuire, Woods, Battle
and Boothe, in Richmond, Virginia. Mrs. Kyle was later employed at CSX Corporation, where during a
13-year career she became the companys first female officer and a vice president in the finance
department. She earned an MBA at the College of William and Mary and a law degree from the
University of Virginia.
David N. Roberts, Director. Mr. Roberts has been a director of Portfolio Recovery Associates
since its formation in 1996. Mr. Roberts joined Angelo, Gordon & Company, L.P. in 1993. He
manages the firms private equity and special situations area and was the founder of the firms
opportunistic real estate area. Mr. Roberts has invested in a wide variety of real estate,
corporate and special situations transactions. Prior to joining Angelo, Gordon Mr. Roberts was a
principal at Gordon Investment Corporation, a Canadian merchant bank from 1989 to 1993, where he
participated in a wide variety of principal transactions including investments in the real estate,
mortgage banking and food industries. Prior to joining Gordon Investment Corporation, he worked in
the Corporate Finance Department of L.F. Rothschild where he specialized in mergers and
acquisitions. He has a B.S. degree in economics from the Wharton School of the University of
Pennsylvania.
Scott M. Tabakin, Director. Mr. Tabakin was appointed as a director of Portfolio
Recovery Associates in 2004 and subsequently elected at the Companys next Annual Meeting of
Stockholders. Since July 2006, Mr. Tabakin has served as Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer of Elder Health, Inc., a privately owned Medicare managed health-care company.
From November 2003 until July 2006, Mr. Tabakin was an independent financial consultant. Mr.
Tabakin has more than 20 years of public-company experience. He served as Executive Vice President
and CFO of AMERIGROUP Corporation, a managed health-care company, from May 2001 until October 2003.
Prior to May 2001, Mr. Tabakin was Executive Vice President and CFO of Beverly Enterprises, Inc.,
then the nations largest provider of long-term health care. Earlier in his career, Mr. Tabakin
was an executive with the accounting firm of Ernst & Young. He is a certified public accountant
and received a B.S. degree in accounting from the University of Illinois.
James M. Voss, Director. Mr. Voss was appointed as a director of Portfolio Recovery
Associates in 2002 and subsequently elected at the Companys next Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
Mr. Voss has more than 35 years of experience as a senior finance executive. He currently heads
Voss Consulting, Inc., serving as a consultant to community banks regarding policy, organization,
credit risk management and strategic planning. From 1992 through 1998, he was with First Midwest
Bank as executive vice president and chief credit officer. He served in a variety of senior
executive roles during a 24 year career (1965-1989) with Continental Bank of Chicago, and was chief
financial officer at Allied Products Corporation (1990-1991), a publicly traded (NYSE) diversified
manufacturer. Currently, he serves on the board of Elgin State Bank. Mr. Voss has both an
MBA and Bachelors Degree from Northwestern University.
74
Corporate Code of Ethics
The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics which is applicable to all directors, officers, and
employees and which complies with the definition of a code of ethics set out in Section 406(c) of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and the requirement of a Code of Conduct prescribed by Section
4350(n) of the Marketplace Rules of the NASDAQ Global Stock Market, Inc. The Code of Ethics is
available to the public, and will be provided by the Company at no charge to any requesting party.
Interested parties may obtain a copy of the Code of Ethics by submitting a written request to
Investor Relations, Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc., 120 Corporate Boulevard, Suite 100,
Norfolk, Virginia, 23502, or by email at info@portfoliorecovery.com. The Code of Ethics is also
posted on the Company s website at www.portfoliorecovery.com.
Certain information required by Item 10 is incorporated herein by reference to the section labeled
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance in the Companys definitive Proxy
Statement in connection with the Companys 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information required by Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference to (a) the
section labeled Compensation Discussion and Analysis in the Companys definitive Proxy Statement
in connection with the Companys 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and (b) the section labeled
Compensation Committee Report in the Companys definitive Proxy Statement in connection with the
Companys 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which section (and the report contained therein)
shall be deemed to be furnished in this report and shall not be incorporated by reference into any
filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a result of such
furnishing in this Item 11.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management And Related Stockholder Matters.
The information required by Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference to the section
labeled Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management in the Companys
definitive Proxy Statement in connection with the Companys 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.
The information required by Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference to Item 5 of this
report and to the section labeled Certain Relationships and Related Transactions in the Companys
definitive Proxy Statement in connection with the Companys 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
75
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
The aggregate fees billed or expected to be billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP for the
years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 are presented in the table below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Audit Fees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual audit |
|
$ |
522,799 |
|
|
$ |
410,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Fees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advice(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,975 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,975 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Fees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investigation Review Fees(3) |
|
|
58,004 |
|
|
|
|
|
Subscription Fees (2) |
|
|
1,500 |
|
|
|
1,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
59,504 |
|
|
|
1,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Accountant Fees |
|
$ |
582,303 |
|
|
$ |
421,475 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Tax advice fees relate to work done on cost recovery method research for tax purposes. |
|
(2) |
|
Subscription fees represent fees paid for an annual subscription to the
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP research tool, Comperio. |
|
(3) |
|
Investigation review fees relate to the work performed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to
review and assess the adequacy and results of the internal control deficiency investigation
initiated by our Audit Committee. See Item 9A. of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
period ended June 30, 2006, filed on August 3, 2006, for more information. |
The Audit Committees charter provides that the Audit Committee will:
|
|
|
Approve the fees and other significant compensation to be paid to auditors. |
|
|
|
|
Review the non-audit services to determine whether they are permissible under current law. |
|
|
|
|
Pre-approve the provision of any permissible non-audit services by the independent
auditors and the related fees of the independent auditors therefore. |
|
|
|
|
Consider whether the provision of these other services is compatible with maintaining
the auditors independence. |
All the fees paid to PricewaterhouseCoopers were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.
76
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Financial Statements.
The following financial statements of the Company are included in Item 8 of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
|
|
48-49 |
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2006 and 2005 |
|
|
50 |
|
Consolidated Income Statements
for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 |
|
|
51 |
|
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 |
|
|
52 |
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 |
|
|
53 |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
|
|
54-71 |
|
(b) Exhibits.
|
2.1 |
|
Equity Exchange Agreement between Portfolio Recovery Associates, L.L.C. and
Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the
Registration Statement on Form S-1). |
|
|
2.2 |
|
Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of October 1, 2004, by and among Portfolio
Recovery Associates, Inc, PRA Location Services, LLC, IGS Nevada, Inc., and James Snead
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Form 8-K dated October 7, 2004). |
|
|
2.3 |
|
Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of July 29, 2005, by and among Portfolio
Recovery Associates, Inc, PRA Government Services, LLC, Alatax, Inc. and its
stockholders (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Form 8-K dated August 2,
2005). |
|
|
3.1 |
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Portfolio Recovery
Associates, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registration
Statement on Form S-1). |
|
|
3.2 |
|
Amended and Restated By-Laws of Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registration Statement on Form S-1). |
|
|
4.1 |
|
Form of Common Stock Certificate (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of
the Registration Statement on Form S-1). |
|
|
4.2 |
|
Form of Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Registration
Statement on Form S-1). |
|
|
10.1 |
|
Employment Agreement, dated December 22, 2005, by and between Steven D.
Fredrickson and Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 of the Form 8-K dated January 6, 2006). |
|
|
10.2 |
|
Employment Agreement, dated December 22, 2005, by and between Kevin P.
Stevenson and Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 of the Form 8-K dated January 6, 2006). |
|
|
10.3 |
|
Employment Agreement, dated December 22, 2005, by and between Craig A. Grube
and Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of
the Form 8-K dated January 6, 2006). |
|
|
10.4 |
|
Employment Agreement, dated December 22, 2005, by and between Judith S. Scott
and Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of
the Form 8-K dated January 6, 2006). |
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10.5 |
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Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated March 23, 2006, by and between Judith
S. Scott and Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1 of the Form 8-K dated March 24, 2006). |
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10.6 |
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Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. Amended and Restated 2002 Stock Option Plan and
2004 Restricted Stock Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of the form
10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2004). |
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10.7 |
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Loan and Security Agreement, dated November 29, 2005, by and
between Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc, Bank of America and Wachovia Bank.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Form 8-K dated December 5, 2005). |
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10.8 |
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Promissory Note dated November 29, 2005 by and between Portfolio Recovery
Associates, Inc, and Bank of America (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the
Form 8-K dated December 5, 2005). |
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10.9 |
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Promissory Note dated November 29, 2005 by and between Portfolio Recovery
Associates, Inc, and Wachovia Bank (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the
Form 8-K dated December 5, 2005). |
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10.10 |
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Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated May 9, 2006, by and
between Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc, Bank of America, Wachovia Bank and RBC
Centura Bank. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Form 8-K dated May 11,
2006). |
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21.1 |
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Subsidiaries of Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc. |
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23.1 |
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Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
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24.1 |
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Powers of Attorney (included on signature page). |
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31.1 |
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Section 302 Certifications of Chief Executive Officer |
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31.2 |
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Section 302 Certifications of Chief Financial Officer |
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32.1 |
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Section 906 Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized.
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Portfolio Recovery Associates, Inc.
(Registrant)
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ Steven D. Fredrickson
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Steven D. Fredrickson |
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President, Chief Executive Officer
and Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer) |
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ Kevin P. Stevenson
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Kevin P. Stevenson |
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Chief Financial and Administrative Officer,
Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each of the undersigned whose signature appears below
constitutes and appoints Steven D. Fredrickson and Kevin P. Stevenson, his true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact, with full power of substitution and resubstitution for him and on his behalf,
and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to execute and sign any and all
amendments or post-effective amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same,
with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and
Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact or any of them
or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof and
the registrant hereby confers like authority on its behalf.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ Steven D. Fredrickson
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Steven D. Fredrickson |
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President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer) |
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ Kevin P. Stevenson
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Kevin P. Stevenson |
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Chief Financial and Administrative Officer,
Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ William P. Brophey
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William P. Brophey |
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Director |
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ Penelope W. Kyle
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Penelope W. Kyle |
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Director |
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ David N. Roberts
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David N. Roberts |
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Director |
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ Scott M. Tabakin
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Scott M. Tabakin |
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Director |
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Dated: March 1, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ James M. Voss
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James M. Voss |
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Director |
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80