FULT 9.30.2011 10Q
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20459 

FORM 10-Q 

(Mark One)
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2011, or

¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to              

Commission File No. 0-10587
FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
PENNSYLVANIA
 
23-2195389
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
 
One Penn Square, P.O. Box 4887, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
 
17604
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

(717) 291-2411
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
 
ý
  
Accelerated filer
 
¨
Non-accelerated filer
 
¨
  
Smaller reporting company
 
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
Common Stock, $2.50 Par Value – 200,013,000 shares outstanding as of October 31, 2011.

FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2011
INDEX
 
Description
 
Page
 
 
 
 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
 
 
 
 
 
(d)
 
 
 
 
 
(e)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


2


Item 1. Financial Statements
 
 
FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
 
(in thousands, except per-share data)
 
September 30,
2011
 
December 31,
2010
 
(unaudited)
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
291,870

 
$
198,954

Interest-bearing deposits with other banks
256,360

 
33,297

Loans held for sale
63,554

 
83,940

Investment securities:
 
 
 
Held to maturity (estimated fair value of $6,774 in 2011 and $7,818 in 2010)
6,734

 
7,751

Available for sale
2,769,823

 
2,853,733

Loans, net of unearned income
11,895,655

 
11,933,307

Less: Allowance for loan losses
(266,978
)
 
(274,271
)
Net Loans
11,628,677

 
11,659,036

Premises and equipment
206,170

 
208,016

Accrued interest receivable
52,460

 
53,841

Goodwill
535,940

 
535,518

Intangible assets
9,158

 
12,461

Other assets
475,105

 
628,707

Total Assets
$
16,295,851

 
$
16,275,254

LIABILITIES
 
 
 
Deposits:
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing
$
2,535,744

 
$
2,194,988

Interest-bearing
10,101,880

 
10,193,593

Total Deposits
12,637,624

 
12,388,581

Short-term borrowings:
 
 
 
Federal funds purchased
75,962

 
267,844

Other short-term borrowings
372,993

 
406,233

Total Short-Term Borrowings
448,955

 
674,077

Accrued interest payable
27,678

 
33,333

Other liabilities
171,430

 
179,424

Federal Home Loan Bank advances and long-term debt
1,025,505

 
1,119,450

Total Liabilities
14,311,192

 
14,394,865

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Common stock, $2.50 par value, 600 million shares authorized, 216.0 million shares issued in 2011 and 215.4 million shares issued in 2010
540,000

 
538,492

Additional paid-in capital
1,423,149

 
1,420,127

Retained earnings
239,986

 
158,453

Accumulated other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
Unrealized gains on investment securities not other-than-temporarily impaired
35,414

 
22,354

Unrealized non-credit related losses on other-than-temporarily impaired debt securities
(1,064
)
 
(2,355
)
Unrecognized pension and postretirement plan costs
(4,451
)
 
(4,414
)
Unamortized effective portions of losses on forward-starting interest rate swaps
(2,988
)
 
(3,090
)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
26,911

 
12,495

Treasury stock, 16.1 million shares in 2011 and 16.3 million shares in 2010, at cost
(245,387
)
 
(249,178
)
Total Shareholders’ Equity
1,984,659

 
1,880,389

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
$
16,295,851

 
$
16,275,254

 
 
 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
 
 
 

3

FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
(in thousands, except per-share data)
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
INTEREST INCOME
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, including fees
$
149,460

 
$
158,060

 
$
448,707

 
$
473,222

Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable
20,166

 
22,363

 
62,722

 
75,658

Tax-exempt
2,896

 
3,226

 
9,217

 
10,169

Dividends
698

 
686

 
2,077

 
2,075

Loans held for sale
425

 
919

 
1,417

 
2,142

Other interest income
91

 
102

 
225

 
358

Total Interest Income
173,736

 
185,356

 
524,365

 
563,624

INTEREST EXPENSE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
19,684

 
29,755

 
64,745

 
95,312

Short-term borrowings
151

 
267

 
573

 
1,206

Long-term debt
12,408

 
15,148

 
37,346

 
49,253

Total Interest Expense
32,243

 
45,170

 
102,664

 
145,771

Net Interest Income
141,493

 
140,186

 
421,701

 
417,853

Provision for credit losses
31,000

 
40,000

 
105,000

 
120,000

Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses
110,493

 
100,186

 
316,701

 
297,853

OTHER INCOME
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service charges on deposit accounts
15,164

 
14,752

 
42,801

 
44,501

Other service charges and fees
12,507

 
11,540

 
36,698

 
33,174

Investment management and trust services
8,914

 
8,604

 
27,756

 
25,347

Mortgage banking income
7,942

 
12,399

 
19,454

 
20,447

Other
4,777

 
3,877

 
14,177

 
12,194

Total other-than-temporary impairment losses
(509
)
 
(2,428
)
 
(1,601
)
 
(12,013
)
Less: Portion of (gain) loss recognized in other comprehensive income (before taxes)
(80
)
 
(387
)
 
(672
)
 
723

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses
(589
)
 
(2,815
)
 
(2,273
)
 
(11,290
)
Net gains on sale of investment securities
146

 
4,641

 
3,780

 
11,797

Net investment securities gains (losses)
(443
)
 
1,826

 
1,507

 
507

Total Other Income
48,861

 
52,998

 
142,393

 
136,170

OTHER EXPENSES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries and employee benefits
58,948

 
54,533

 
169,326

 
161,532

Net occupancy expense
10,790

 
10,519

 
33,030

 
32,688

FDIC insurance expense
3,732

 
4,709

 
11,750

 
14,799

Data processing
3,473

 
3,187

 
10,059

 
9,915

Other real estate owned and repossession expense
3,270

 
2,620

 
7,815

 
7,176

Professional fees
3,247

 
3,040

 
9,198

 
8,621

Equipment expense
3,032

 
2,956

 
9,541

 
8,710

Software
2,142

 
2,039

 
6,146

 
5,359

Marketing
1,923

 
2,601

 
6,622

 
6,702

Intangible amortization
953

 
1,293

 
3,303

 
3,948

Other
15,079

 
15,214

 
43,840

 
44,388

Total Other Expenses
106,589

 
102,711

 
310,630

 
303,838

Income Before Income Taxes
52,765

 
50,473

 
148,464

 
130,185

Income taxes
13,441

 
12,793

 
38,970

 
33,343

Net Income
39,324

 
37,680

 
109,494

 
96,842

Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion

 
(6,172
)
 

 
(16,303
)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders
$
39,324

 
$
31,508

 
$
109,494

 
$
80,539

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PER COMMON SHARE:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (basic)
$
0.20

 
$
0.16

 
$
0.55

 
$
0.43

Net income (diluted)
0.20

 
0.16

 
0.55

 
0.43

Cash dividends
0.05

 
0.03

 
0.14

 
0.09

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


4

FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2011 AND 2010
 

 
 
 
Common Stock
 
 
 
Retained
Earnings
 
 
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Total
 
Preferred
Stock
 
Shares
Outstanding
 
Amount
 
Additional Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive
Income
 
 
(in thousands)
December 31, 2010
$

 
199,050

 
$
538,492

 
$
1,420,127

 
$
158,453

 
$
12,495

 
$
(249,178
)
 
$
1,880,389

Comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
Net income

 

 

 

 
109,494

 

 

 
109,494

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 
14,416

 

 
14,416

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
123,910

Stock issued, including related tax benefits

 
841

 
1,508

 
(451
)
 

 

 
3,791

 
4,848

Stock-based compensation awards

 

 

 
3,473

 

 

 

 
3,473

Common stock cash dividends - $0.14 per share

 

 

 

 
(27,961
)
 

 

 
(27,961
)
September 30, 2011
$

 
199,891

 
$
540,000

 
$
1,423,149

 
$
239,986

 
$
26,911

 
$
(245,387
)
 
$
1,984,659

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2009
$
370,290

 
176,364

 
$
482,491

 
$
1,257,730

 
$
71,999

 
$
7,458

 
$
(253,486
)
 
$
1,936,482

Comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 
96,842

 

 

 
96,842

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 
28,332

 

 
28,332

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
125,174

Stock issued, including related tax benefits

 
22,519

 
55,751

 
171,205

 

 

 
3,283

 
230,239

Stock-based compensation awards

 

 

 
1,428

 

 

 

 
1,428

Redemption of preferred stock and repurchase of common stock warrant
(376,500
)





(10,800
)








(387,300
)
Preferred stock discount accretion
6,210

 

 

 

 
(6,210
)
 

 

 

Preferred stock cash dividends

 

 

 

 
(12,498
)
 

 

 
(12,498
)
Common stock cash dividends - $0.09 per share

 

 

 

 
(17,215
)
 

 

 
(17,215
)
September 30, 2010
$

 
198,883

 
$
538,242

 
$
1,419,563

 
$
132,918

 
$
35,790

 
$
(250,203
)
 
$
1,876,310

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

5

FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
 
(in thousands)
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Net Income
$
109,494

 
$
96,842

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

Provision for credit losses
105,000

 
120,000

Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment
15,824

 
15,371

Net amortization of investment securities premiums
2,596

 
2,916

Investment securities gains
(1,507
)
 
(507
)
Net decrease (increase) in loans held for sale
20,386

 
(17,856
)
Amortization of intangible assets
3,303

 
3,948

Stock-based compensation
3,473

 
1,428

Decrease in accrued interest receivable
1,381

 
3,348

Decrease (increase) in other assets
13,599

 
(9,424
)
Decrease in accrued interest payable
(5,655
)
 
(11,194
)
Decrease in other liabilities
(18,862
)
 
(17,527
)
Total adjustments
139,538

 
90,503

Net cash provided by operating activities
249,032

 
187,345

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
419,803

 
401,518

Proceeds from maturities of securities held to maturity
388

 
382

Proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale
440,475

 
567,825

Purchase of securities held to maturity
(28
)
 
(194
)
Purchase of securities available for sale
(616,586
)
 
(467,698
)
Increase in short-term investments
(223,063
)
 
(176,830
)
Net increase in loans
(74,029
)
 
(70,873
)
Net purchases of premises and equipment
(13,978
)
 
(15,169
)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
(67,018
)
 
238,961

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Net increase in demand and savings deposits
728,652

 
892,809

Net decrease in time deposits
(479,609
)
 
(422,606
)
Decrease in short-term borrowings
(225,122
)
 
(397,859
)
Additions to long-term debt

 
47,900

Repayments of long-term debt
(93,945
)
 
(389,160
)
Net proceeds from issuance of stock
4,848

 
230,239

Redemption of preferred stock and common stock warrant

 
(387,300
)
Dividends paid
(23,922
)
 
(29,037
)
Net cash used in financing activities
(89,098
)
 
(455,014
)
 
 
 
 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Due From Banks
92,916

 
(28,708
)
Cash and Due From Banks at Beginning of Period
198,954

 
284,508

Cash and Due From Banks at End of Period
$
291,870

 
$
255,800

 
 
 
 
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
 
 
 
Cash paid during the period for:
 
 
 
Interest
$
108,319

 
$
156,965

Income taxes
21,216

 
41,018

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
 
 
 

6

FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
 
NOTE A – Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Fulton Financial Corporation (the Corporation) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements as well as revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2011. The Corporation evaluates subsequent events through the date of filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

NOTE B – Net Income Per Common Share and Other Comprehensive Income
The Corporation’s basic net income per common share is calculated as net income available to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Net income available to common shareholders is calculated as net income less accrued dividends and discount accretion related to preferred stock.
For diluted net income per common share, net income available to common shareholders is divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the incremental number of shares added as a result of converting common stock equivalents, calculated using the treasury stock method. The Corporation’s common stock equivalents consist of outstanding stock options, restricted stock and common stock warrants. As of September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010, there were no outstanding common stock warrants.
A reconciliation of weighted average common shares outstanding used to calculate basic net income per common share and diluted net income per common share follows.
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding (basic)
199,028

 
198,282

 
198,801

 
188,306

Effect of dilutive securities
786

 
510

 
743

 
529

Weighted average shares outstanding (diluted)
199,814

 
198,792

 
199,544

 
188,835

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, 5.8 million and 5.0 million stock options, respectively, were excluded from the diluted net income per share computation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, 5.8 million and 5.4 million stock options, respectively, were excluded from the diluted net income per share computation as their effects would have been anti-dilutive.

7


The following table presents the components of other comprehensive income: 
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
(in thousands)
Unrealized gain on securities (net of an $8.2 million and $16.4 million tax effect in 2011 and 2010, respectively)
$
15,143

 
$
30,390

Non-credit related unrealized gain (loss) on other-than-temporarily impaired debt securities (net of a $100,000 and $1.0 million tax effect in 2011 and 2010, respectively)
187

 
(1,886
)
Unrealized gain on derivative financial instruments (net of a $55,000 tax effect in 2011 and 2010) (1)
102

 
102

(Accretion) amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement items (net of a $19,000 and $30,000 tax effect in 2011 and 2010, respectively)
(37
)
 
55

Reclassification adjustment for securities gains included in net income (net of a $527,000 and $177,000 tax effect in 2011 and 2010, respectively)
(979
)
 
(329
)
Other comprehensive income
$
14,416

 
$
28,332

 
(1)
Amounts represent the amortization of the effective portions of losses on forward-starting interest rate swaps, designated as cash flow hedges and entered into in prior years in connection with the issuance of fixed-rate debt. The total amount recorded as a reduction to accumulated other comprehensive income upon settlement of these derivatives is being amortized to interest expense over the life of the related securities using the effective interest method. The amount of net losses in accumulated other comprehensive income that will be reclassified into earnings during the next twelve months is expected to be approximately $135,000.

NOTE C – Investment Securities
The following tables present the amortized cost and estimated fair values of investment securities:
Held to Maturity at September 30, 2011
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
(in thousands)
U.S. Government sponsored agency securities
$
5,987

 
$

 
$
(7
)
 
$
5,980

State and municipal securities
179

 

 

 
179

Mortgage-backed securities
568

 
47

 

 
615

 
$
6,734

 
$
47

 
$
(7
)
 
$
6,774

Available for Sale at September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
$
123,483

 
$
2,291

 
$
(5,408
)
 
$
120,366

U.S. Government securities
1,325

 

 

 
1,325

U.S. Government sponsored agency securities
4,735

 
110

 
(1
)
 
4,844

State and municipal securities
320,969

 
13,091

 

 
334,060

Corporate debt securities
130,455

 
4,892

 
(12,912
)
 
122,435

Collateralized mortgage obligations
1,078,396

 
29,212

 
(353
)
 
1,107,255

Mortgage-backed securities
802,142

 
36,763

 
(69
)
 
838,836

Auction rate securities
255,472

 
283

 
(15,053
)
 
240,702

 
$
2,716,977

 
$
86,642

 
$
(33,796
)
 
$
2,769,823


8

Held to Maturity at December 31, 2010
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
(in thousands)
U.S. Government sponsored agency securities
$
6,339

 
$

 
$
(1
)
 
$
6,338

State and municipal securities
346

 

 

 
346

Mortgage-backed securities
1,066

 
68

 

 
1,134

 
$
7,751

 
$
68

 
$
(1
)
 
$
7,818

Available for Sale at December 31, 2010
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
$
133,570

 
$
3,872

 
$
(974
)
 
$
136,468

U.S. Government securities
1,649

 

 

 
1,649

U.S. Government sponsored agency securities
4,888

 
172

 
(2
)
 
5,058

State and municipal securities
345,053

 
6,003

 
(1,493
)
 
349,563

Corporate debt securities
137,101

 
3,808

 
(16,123
)
 
124,786

Collateralized mortgage obligations
1,085,613

 
23,457

 
(5,012
)
 
1,104,058

Mortgage-backed securities
843,446

 
31,080

 
(3,054
)
 
871,472

Auction rate securities
271,645

 
892

 
(11,858
)
 
260,679

 
$
2,822,965

 
$
69,284

 
$
(38,516
)
 
$
2,853,733

Securities carried at $1.9 billion as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were pledged as collateral to secure public and trust deposits and customer repurchase agreements. Available for sale equity securities include restricted investment securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) and the Federal Reserve Bank totaling $85.4 million and $96.4 million as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
The amortized cost and estimated fair values of debt securities as of September 30, 2011, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
 
 
Held to Maturity
 
Available for Sale
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Due in one year or less
$
6,052

 
$
6,045

 
$
70,852

 
$
71,305

Due from one year to five years
114

 
114

 
46,088

 
47,500

Due from five years to ten years

 

 
127,391

 
135,592

Due after ten years

 

 
468,625

 
448,969

 
6,166

 
6,159

 
712,956

 
703,366

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 

 
1,078,396

 
1,107,255

Mortgage-backed securities
568

 
615

 
802,142

 
838,836

 
$
6,734

 
$
6,774

 
$
2,593,494

 
$
2,649,457


9

The following table presents information related to the Corporation’s gains and losses on the sales of equity and debt securities, and losses recognized for the other-than-temporary impairment of investments:
 
Gross
Realized
Gains
 
Gross
Realized
Losses
 
Other-than-
temporary
Impairment
Losses
 
Net Gains
(Losses)
 
(in thousands)
Three months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
$
146

 
$

 
$
(244
)
 
$
(98
)
Debt securities

 

 
(345
)
 
(345
)
Total
$
146

 
$

 
$
(589
)
 
$
(443
)
Three months ended September 30, 2010:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
$
601

 
$
(391
)
 
$
(480
)
 
$
(270
)
Debt securities
4,485

 
(54
)
 
(2,335
)
 
2,096

Total
$
5,086

 
$
(445
)
 
$
(2,815
)
 
$
1,826

Nine months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
$
194

 
$

 
$
(575
)
 
$
(381
)
Debt securities
3,605

 
(19
)
 
(1,698
)
 
1,888

Total
$
3,799

 
$
(19
)
 
$
(2,273
)
 
$
1,507

Nine months ended September 30, 2010:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
$
1,451

 
$
(391
)
 
$
(1,813
)
 
$
(753
)
Debt securities
10,809

 
(72
)
 
(9,477
)
 
1,260

Total
$
12,260

 
$
(463
)
 
$
(11,290
)
 
$
507

The other-than-temporary impairment charges for equity securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, were for investments in stocks of financial institutions. Other-than-temporary impairment charges related to financial institution stocks were due to the severity and duration of the declines in fair values of certain bank stock holdings, in conjunction with management’s assessment of the near-term prospects of each specific issuer. As of September 30, 2011, after other-than-temporary impairment charges, the financial institutions stock portfolio had a cost basis of $31.1 million and a fair value of $27.9 million.
The credit related other-than-temporary impairment charges for debt securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, included $53,000 and $1.4 million, respectively, for investments in pooled trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions. In addition, during the third quarter of 2011, the Corporation recorded $292,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges for investments in student loan auction rate securities, also known as auction rate certificates (ARCs). The credit related other-than-temporary impairment charges for debt securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 were for investments in pooled trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions. Other-than-temporary impairment charges related to debt securities were determined based on expected cash flows models.
The following table presents a summary of the cumulative credit related other-than-temporary impairment charges, recognized as components of earnings, for debt securities still held by the Corporation:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
(in thousands)
Balance of cumulative credit losses on debt securities, beginning of period
$
(28,876
)
 
$
(22,754
)
 
$
(27,560
)
 
$
(15,612
)
Additions for credit losses recorded which were not previously recognized as components of earnings
(345
)
 
(2,335
)
 
(1,698
)
 
(9,477
)
Reductions for increases in cash flows expected to be collected that are recognized over the remaining life of the security
40

 
21

 
77

 
21

Balance of cumulative credit losses on debt securities, end of period
$
(29,181
)
 
$
(25,068
)
 
$
(29,181
)
 
$
(25,068
)

10

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair values of investments, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at September 30, 2011:
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or longer
 
Total
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
(in thousands)
U.S. Government sponsored agency securities
$
5,401

 
$
(7
)
 
$
175

 
$
(1
)
 
$
5,576

 
$
(8
)
Corporate debt securities
16,909

 
(1,060
)
 
41,371

 
(11,852
)
 
58,280

 
(12,912
)
Collateralized mortgage obligations
101,324

 
(353
)
 

 

 
101,324

 
(353
)
Mortgage-backed securities
26,100

 
(69
)
 

 

 
26,100

 
(69
)
Auction rate securities
37,059

 
(1,915
)
 
182,341

 
(13,138
)
 
219,400

 
(15,053
)
Total debt securities
186,793

 
(3,404
)
 
223,887

 
(24,991
)
 
410,680

 
(28,395
)
Equity securities
13,747

 
(4,951
)
 
1,316

 
(457
)
 
15,063

 
(5,408
)
 
$
200,540

 
$
(8,355
)
 
$
225,203

 
$
(25,448
)
 
$
425,743

 
$
(33,803
)
For its investments in equity securities, most notably its investments in stocks of financial institutions, management evaluates the near-term prospects of the issuers in relation to the severity and duration of the impairment. Based on that evaluation and the Corporation’s ability and intent to hold those investments for a reasonable period of time sufficient for a recovery of fair value, the Corporation does not consider those investments with unrealized holding losses as of September 30, 2011 to be other-than-temporarily impaired.
The unrealized holding losses on ARCs are attributable to liquidity issues resulting from the failure of periodic auctions. Fulton Financial Advisors (FFA), the investment management and trust division of the Corporation’s Fulton Bank, N.A. subsidiary, held ARCs for some of its customers’ accounts. FFA had previously sold ARCs to customers as short-term investments with fair values that could be derived based on periodic auctions under normal market conditions. During 2008 and 2009, the Corporation purchased ARCs from customers due to the failure of these periodic auctions, which made these previously short-term investments illiquid.
As noted above, during the three months ended September 30, 2011, the Corporation recorded $292,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges for two individual ARCs based on an expected cash flows model. After other-than-temporary impairment charges, the two other-than-temporarily impaired ARCs had a cost basis of $1.6 million and a fair value of $1.1 million. These other-than-temporarily impaired ARCs have principal payments supported by non-guaranteed private student loans, as opposed to Federally guaranteed student loans. In addition, the student loans underlying these other-than-temporarily impaired ARCs had actual defaults of approximately 16%, resulting in an erosion of parity levels, or the ratio of total underlying ARC collateral to total bond values, to approximately 85% as of September 30, 2011
As of September 30, 2011, approximately $192 million, or 80%, of the ARCs were rated above investment grade, with approximately $144 million, or 60%, AAA rated. Approximately $49 million, or 20%, of ARCs were rated below investment grade by at least one ratings agency or were not rated. Of this amount, approximately $28 million, or 58%, of the student loans underlying the ARCs have principal payments which are guaranteed by the Federal government. In total, approximately $214 million, or 89%, of the student loans underlying the ARCs have principal payments which are guaranteed by the Federal government. As of September 30, 2011, all ARCs were current and making scheduled interest payments. Based on management’s evaluations, ARCs with a fair value of $241 million were not subject to any additional other-than-temporary impairment charges as of September 30, 2011. The Corporation does not have the intent to sell and does not believe it will more likely than not be required to sell any of these securities prior to a recovery of their fair value to amortized cost, which may be maturity.
The Corporation’s collateralized mortgage obligations and mortgage-backed securities have contractual terms that generally do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the decline in market value of these securities is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Corporation does not have the intent to sell and does not believe it will more likely than not be required to sell any of these securities prior to a recovery of their fair value to amortized cost, the Corporation does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2011.

11

The following table presents the amortized cost and estimated fair values of corporate debt securities:
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
Amortized
cost
 
Estimated
fair value
 
Amortized
cost
 
Estimated
fair value
 
(in thousands)
Single-issuer trust preferred securities
$
86,366

 
$
77,861

 
$
91,257

 
$
81,789

Subordinated debt
35,080

 
36,754

 
34,995

 
35,915

Pooled trust preferred securities
6,464

 
5,275

 
8,295

 
4,528

Corporate debt securities issued by financial institutions
127,910

 
119,890

 
134,547

 
122,232

Other corporate debt securities
2,545

 
2,545

 
2,554

 
2,554

Available for sale corporate debt securities
$
130,455

 
$
122,435

 
$
137,101

 
$
124,786


The Corporation’s investments in single-issuer trust preferred securities had an unrealized loss of $8.5 million at September 30, 2011. The Corporation did not record any other-than-temporary impairment charges for single-issuer trust preferred securities during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2011 or 2010, respectively. The Corporation held 13 single-issuer trust preferred securities that were rated below investment grade by at least one ratings agency, with an amortized cost of $42.1 million and an estimated fair value of $38.7 million at September 30, 2011. The majority of the single-issuer trust preferred securities rated below investment grade were rated BB or Baa. Single-issuer trust preferred securities with an amortized cost of $10.8 million and an estimated fair value of $9.0 million at September 30, 2011 were not rated by any ratings agency.
The Corporation holds ten pooled trust preferred securities. As of September 30, 2011, nine of these securities, with an amortized cost of $5.8 million and an estimated fair value of $4.7 million, were rated below investment grade by at least one ratings agency, with ratings ranging from C to Ca. For each of the nine pooled trust preferred securities rated below investment grade, the class of securities held by the Corporation is below the most senior tranche, with the Corporation’s interests being subordinate to other investors in the pool. The Corporation determines the fair value of pooled trust preferred securities based on quotes provided by third-party brokers.
The amortized cost of pooled trust preferred securities is the purchase price of the securities, net of cumulative credit related other-than-temporary impairment charges, determined using an expected cash flows model. The most significant input to the expected cash flows model was the expected payment deferral rate for each pooled trust preferred security. The Corporation evaluates the financial metrics, such as capital ratios and non-performing asset ratios, of the individual financial institution issuers that comprise each pooled trust preferred security to estimate its expected deferral rate. The actual weighted average cumulative defaults and deferrals as a percentage of original collateral were approximately 39% as of September 30, 2011. The discounted cash flow modeling for pooled trust preferred securities held by the Corporation as of September 30, 2011 assumed, on average, an additional 19% expected deferral rate.
Based on management’s evaluations, corporate debt securities with a fair value of $122.4 million were not subject to any additional other-than-temporary impairment charges as of September 30, 2011. The Corporation does not have the intent to sell and does not believe it will more likely than not be required to sell any of these securities prior to a recovery of their fair value to amortized cost, which may be maturity.



12


NOTE D – Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans, Net of Unearned Income
Loans, net of unearned income are summarized as follows:
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
(in thousands)
Real-estate – commercial mortgage
$
4,491,155

 
$
4,375,980

Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
3,690,164

 
3,704,384

Real-estate – home equity
1,630,880

 
1,641,777

Real-estate – residential mortgage
1,041,463

 
995,990

Real-estate – construction
648,398

 
801,185

Consumer
327,054

 
350,161

Leasing and other
59,337

 
61,017

Overdrafts
13,646

 
10,011

Loans, gross of unearned income
11,902,097

 
11,940,505

Unearned income
(6,442
)
 
(7,198
)
Loans, net of unearned income
$
11,895,655

 
$
11,933,307

Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date and is recorded as a reduction to loans. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in its unfunded loan commitments and is recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. The allowance for credit losses is increased by charges to expense, through the provision for credit losses, and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries.
The Corporation’s established methodology for evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses considers both components of the allowance: (1) specific allowances allocated to loans evaluated individually for impairment under the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Section 310-10-35, and (2) allowances calculated for pools of loans evaluated collectively for impairment under FASB ASC Subtopic 450-20.
Effective April 1, 2011, the Corporation revised and enhanced its allowance for credit loss methodology. The significant revisions to the methodology were as follows:
Change in the identification of loans evaluated individually for impairment – The population of loans evaluated individually for impairment was revised to include only loans on non-accrual status and impaired troubled debt restructurings (Impaired TDRs). Impaired TDRs represent TDRs that were: (1)  modified via a change in the interest rate that, at the time of restructuring, was favorable in comparison to rates offered for loans with similar risk characteristics; or (2) 90 days or more past due according to their modified terms; or (3) modified in the current year.
Under the Corporation’s prior methodology, loans evaluated individually for impairment included accruing and non-accrual commercial loans, commercial mortgages and construction loans with risk ratings of substandard or worse and Impaired TDRs.
As of April 1, 2011, the balance of loans evaluated individually for impairment decreased from $525.6 million under the Corporation’s prior methodology to $335.6 million under the new methodology. The allowance allocations for loans evaluated individually for impairment decreased from $106.0 million under the Corporation’s prior methodology to $88.0 million under the new methodology.
Quarterly evaluations of impaired loans – Due to the reduction in loans evaluated individually for impairment noted above, all loans evaluated individually for impairment are now measured for losses on a quarterly basis. Measurement may be on a more frequent basis if there is a significant change in the amount or timing of an impaired loan’s expected future cash flows, if actual cash flows are significantly different from the cash flows previously projected, or if the fair value of an impaired loan’s collateral significantly changes. In addition, the Corporation implemented a new appraisal policy which requires that impaired loans secured predominately by real estate have updated certified third-party appraisals, generally every 12 months.

13


Under the Corporation’s prior methodology, impaired loans were individually evaluated for impairment every 12 months or, if necessary, on a more frequent basis based on significant changes in expected future cash flows or significant changes in collateral values. For impaired loans secured predominately by real estate, decisions regarding whether an updated certified appraisal was necessary were made on a loan-by-loan basis.
As of September 30, 2011, approximately 83% of impaired loans with principal balances greater than $1.0 million, whose primary collateral is real estate, were measured at estimated fair value using certified third-party appraisals that had been updated within the preceding 12 months. In comparison, as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, approximately 57% and 52%, respectively, of impaired loans with principal balances greater than $1.0 million, whose primary collateral is real estate, were measured at estimated fair value using certified third-party appraisals that had been updated within the preceding 12 months.
Change in the determination of allocation needs on loans evaluated collectively for impairment – Under its new methodology, the Corporation revised and further disaggregated its pools of loans evaluated collectively for impairment. Similar to the prior methodology, pools are segmented by general loan types, and further segmented by collateral types, where appropriate. However, under the new methodology, pools are further disaggregated by internal credit risk ratings for commercial loans, commercial mortgages and construction loans and by delinquency status for residential mortgages, consumer loans and all other loan types.
Allowance allocations for each pool are determined through a regression analysis based on historical losses. The analysis computes loss rates based on a probability of default (PD) and loss given default (LGD). While the previous methodology utilized the same historical loss period, allowance allocations were computed based on weighted average charge-off rates as opposed to the use of a regression analysis, which computes PDs and LGDs based on historical losses as loans migrate through the various risk rating or delinquency categories.
Under both the current and previous methodologies, loss rates are adjusted to consider qualitative factors such as economic conditions and trends, among others. However, under its new methodology, the Corporation applies a more detailed analysis of qualitative factors that are formally assessed on a quarterly basis by a committee comprised of lending and credit administration personnel.
As of April 1, 2011, total allocations on $11.5 billion of loans evaluated collectively for impairment under the new methodology were $182.2 million. In comparison, under the Corporation’s previous methodology, total allocations on $11.3 billion of loans evaluated collectively for impairment were $164.2 million.
The Corporation’s conclusion as of March 31, 2011 that its total allowance for credit losses of $271.2 million was sufficient to cover losses inherent in the loan portfolio did not change as a result of its new allowance for credit loss methodology. As noted above, the change in methodology expanded the number of loans evaluated collectively for impairment and reduced the number of loans evaluated individually for impairment. In addition, the change in methodology resulted in shifts in allocations by loan type, as detailed within the tabular information below.
Effective December 31, 2010, the Corporation adopted the provisions of FASB ASC Update 2010-20, “Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses” (ASC Update 2010-20), for period end disclosures related to the credit quality of loans. In 2011, the Corporation adopted certain additional disclosure requirements of ASC Update 2010-20 related to credit quality activity during a reporting period, in this case for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011.
The development of the Corporation’s allowance for loan losses is based first on a segmentation of its loan portfolio by general loan type, or “portfolio segments,” as presented in the table under the heading, “Loans, Net of Unearned Income,” above. Certain portfolio segments are further disaggregated and evaluated collectively for impairment based on “class segments,” which are largely based on the type of collateral underlying each loan. For commercial loans, class segments include loans secured by collateral and unsecured loans. Construction loan class segments include loans secured by commercial real estate and loans secured by residential real estate. Consumer loan class segments are based on collateral types and include direct consumer installment loans and indirect automobile loans.

14

The following table presents the components of the allowance for credit losses:
 
September 30,
2011
 
December 31,
2010
 
(in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses
$
266,978

 
$
274,271

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
1,839

 
1,227

Allowance for credit losses
$
268,817

 
$
275,498

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
$
268,633

 
$
280,377

 
$
275,498

 
$
257,553

Loans charged off
(32,897
)
 
(38,797
)
 
(119,101
)
 
(100,321
)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off
2,081

 
3,294

 
7,420

 
7,642

Net loans charged off
(30,816
)
 
(35,503
)
 
(111,681
)
 
(92,679
)
Provision for credit losses
31,000

 
40,000

 
105,000

 
120,000

Balance at end of period
$
268,817

 
$
284,874

 
$
268,817

 
$
284,874


The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011:
 
Real Estate -
Commercial
Mortgage
 
Commercial -
Industrial,
Financial and
Agricultural
 
Real Estate -
Home
Equity
 
Real Estate -
Residential
Mortgage
 
Real Estate -
Construction
 
Consumer
 
Leasing
and other
and
Overdrafts
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Three months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at July 1, 2011
$
73,598

 
$
82,613

 
$
9,560

 
$
31,912

 
$
30,570

 
$
1,755

 
$
1,787

 
$
34,888

 
$
266,683

Loans charged off
(5,730
)
 
(14,840
)
 
(1,158
)
 
(1,514
)
 
(8,535
)
 
(634
)
 
(486
)
 

 
(32,897
)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off
249

 
695

 
23

 
36

 
595

 
291

 
192

 

 
2,081

Net loans charged off
(5,481
)
 
(14,145
)
 
(1,135
)
 
(1,478
)
 
(7,940
)
 
(343
)
 
(294
)
 

 
(30,816
)
Provision for loan losses (1)
13,066

 
11,669

 
1,418

 
2,902

 
10,415

 
2,990

 
768

 
(12,117
)
 
31,111

Balance at September 30, 2011
$
81,183

 
$
80,137

 
$
9,843

 
$
33,336

 
$
33,045

 
$
4,402

 
$
2,261

 
$
22,771

 
$
266,978

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2011
$
40,831

 
$
101,436

 
$
6,454

 
$
17,425

 
$
58,117

 
$
4,669

 
$
3,840

 
$
41,499

 
$
274,271

Loans charged off
(22,851
)
 
(43,582
)
 
(4,276
)
 
(14,217
)
 
(29,897
)
 
(2,606
)
 
(1,672
)
 

 
(119,101
)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off
1,975

 
2,089

 
26

 
270

 
1,237

 
1,033

 
790

 

 
7,420

Net loans charged off
(20,876
)
 
(41,493
)
 
(4,250
)
 
(13,947
)
 
(28,660
)
 
(1,573
)
 
(882
)
 

 
(111,681
)
Provision for loan losses
38,345

 
33,582

 
3,949

 
21,962

 
28,359

 
4,382

 
247

 
(26,438
)
 
104,388

Impact of change in allowance methodology
22,883

 
(13,388
)
 
3,690

 
7,896

 
(24,771
)
 
(3,076
)
 
(944
)
 
7,710

 

Provision for loan losses, including impact of change in allowance methodology (1)
61,228

 
20,194

 
7,639

 
29,858

 
3,588

 
1,306

 
(697
)
 
(18,728
)
 
104,388

Balance at September 30, 2011
$
81,183

 
$
80,137

 
$
9,843

 
$
33,336

 
$
33,045

 
$
4,402

 
$
2,261

 
$
22,771

 
$
266,978

 
(1)
Provision for loan losses is net of a $111,000 decrease and $612,000 increase in provision applied to unfunded commitments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. The total provision for credit losses, comprised of allocations for both funded and unfunded loans, was $31.0 million and $105.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.

15

The following tables present loans, net of unearned income and their related allowance for loan losses, by portfolio segment, as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
 
Real Estate -
Commercial
Mortgage
 
Commercial -
Industrial,
Financial and
Agricultural
 
Real Estate -
Home
Equity
 
Real Estate -
Residential
Mortgage
 
Real Estate -
Construction
 
Consumer
 
Leasing
and other
and
Overdrafts
 
Unallocated
(1)
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Evaluated collectively for impairment under FASB ASC Subtopic 450-20
$
47,914

 
$
51,510

 
$
9,843

 
$
7,142

 
$
20,480

 
$
1,773

 
$
2,205

 
$
22,771

 
$
163,638

Evaluated individually for impairment under FASB ASC Section 310-10-35
33,269

 
28,627

 

 
26,194

 
12,565

 
2,629

 
56

 
N/A

 
103,340

 
$
81,183

 
$
80,137

 
$
9,843

 
$
33,336

 
$
33,045

 
$
4,402

 
$
2,261

 
$
22,771

 
$
266,978

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, net of unearned income at September 30, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Evaluated collectively for impairment under FASB ASC Subtopic 450-20
$
4,377,383

 
$
3,603,914

 
$
1,630,880

 
$
975,463

 
$
596,581

 
$
322,113

 
$
66,455

 
N/A

 
$
11,572,789

Evaluated individually for impairment under FASB ASC Section 310-10-35
113,772

 
86,250

 

 
66,000

 
51,817

 
4,941

 
86

 
N/A

 
322,866

 
$
4,491,155

 
$
3,690,164

 
$
1,630,880

 
$
1,041,463

 
$
648,398

 
$
327,054

 
$
66,541

 
N/A

 
$
11,895,655

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2010:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Evaluated collectively for impairment under FASB ASC Subtopic 450-20
$
22,836

 
$
32,323

 
$
6,454

 
$
11,475

 
$
35,247

 
$
4,669

 
$
3,840

 
$
41,499

 
$
158,343

Evaluated individually for impairment under FASB ASC Section 310-10-35
17,995

 
69,113

 

 
5,950

 
22,870

 

 

 
N/A

 
115,928

 
$
40,831

 
$
101,436

 
$
6,454

 
$
17,425

 
$
58,117

 
$
4,669

 
$
3,840

 
$
41,499

 
$
274,271

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, net of unearned income at December 31, 2010:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Evaluated collectively for impairment under FASB ASC Subtopic 450-20
$
4,217,660

 
$
3,469,775

 
$
1,641,777

 
$
956,260

 
$
660,238

 
$
350,161

 
$
63,830

 
N/A

 
$
11,359,701

Evaluated individually for impairment under FASB ASC Section 310-10-35
158,320

 
234,609

 

 
39,730

 
140,947

 

 

 
N/A

 
573,606

 
$
4,375,980

 
$
3,704,384

 
$
1,641,777

 
$
995,990

 
$
801,185

 
$
350,161

 
$
63,830

 
N/A

 
$
11,933,307

 
(1)
The Corporation’s unallocated allowance, which was approximately 9% and 15% as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, was reasonable and appropriate as the estimates used in the allocation process are inherently imprecise.
N/A – Not applicable.

Impaired Loans
A loan is considered to be impaired if the Corporation believes it is probable that all amounts will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.
An allowance for loan losses is established for an impaired loan if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. Impaired loans with balances greater than $1.0 million are evaluated individually for impairment. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, substantially all of the Corporation’s individually evaluated impaired loans were measured based on the estimated fair value of each loan’s collateral. Collateral could be in the form of real estate in the case of impaired commercial mortgages, construction loans and residential mortgages, or business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory, in the case of commercial loans. Commercial loans may also be secured by real property.
Impaired loans with balances less than $1.0 million are pooled and measured for impairment based on a statistical model which applies PDs and LGDs based on actual losses as loans migrate through the various risk rating or delinquency categories. These loans are included within the detail of impaired loans below.

16

The following table presents total impaired loans by class segment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30, 2011
 
September 30, 2011
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
(1)
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Related
Allowance
 
(in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate - commercial mortgage
$
46,841

 
$
39,132

 
N/A

 
$
40,448

 
$
78

 
$
43,915

 
$
568

 
$
68,583

 
$
54,251

 
N/A

Commercial - secured
37,193

 
33,334

 
N/A

 
34,474

 
10

 
31,426

 
171

 
38,366

 
27,745

 
N/A

Commercial - unsecured
300

 
297

 
N/A

 
149

 

 
221

 
3

 
710

 
587

 
N/A

Real estate - residential mortgage

 

 
N/A

 

 

 
5,303

 
43

 
21,598

 
21,212

 
N/A

Construction - commercial residential
43,455

 
19,617

 
N/A

 
18,528

 
1

 
23,154

 
185

 
69,624

 
32,354

 
N/A

Construction - commercial
2,607

 
2,318

 
N/A

 
2,902

 

 
2,911

 
21

 
5,637

 
2,125

 
N/A

Consumer - direct
199


199


N/A


100




50








N/A

 
130,595

 
94,897

 
 
 
96,601

 
89

 
106,980

 
991

 
204,518

 
138,274

 
 
With a related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate - commercial mortgage
93,967

 
74,640

 
$
33,269

 
73,076

 
140

 
79,898

 
1,129

 
111,190

 
104,069

 
$
17,995

Commercial - secured
62,315

 
51,078

 
27,410

 
51,851

 
14

 
86,061

 
1,213

 
202,824

 
197,674

 
64,922

Commercial - unsecured
1,874

 
1,541

 
1,217

 
2,231

 
1

 
4,132

 
34

 
8,681

 
8,603

 
4,191

Real estate - residential mortgage
66,000

 
66,000

 
26,194

 
66,892

 
462

 
57,033

 
1,039

 
18,518

 
18,518

 
5,950

Construction - commercial residential
50,861

 
27,751

 
11,493

 
31,132

 
1

 
53,004

 
449

 
110,465

 
103,826

 
22,155

Construction - commercial
3,303

 
1,132

 
511

 
718

 

 
1,100

 
17

 
2,642

 
2,642

 
715

Construction - other
999

 
999

 
561

 
1,556

 

 
1,093

 

 

 

 

Consumer - direct
4,742

 
4,742

 
2,629

 
2,477

 

 
1,260

 
2

 

 

 

Leasing and other and Overdrafts
86

 
86

 
56

 
89

 

 
60

 

 

 

 

 
284,147

 
227,969

 
103,340

 
230,022

 
618

 
283,641

 
3,883

 
454,320

 
435,332

 
115,928

Total
$
414,742

 
$
322,866

 
$
103,340

 
$
326,623

 
$
707

 
$
390,621

 
$
4,874

 
$
658,838

 
$
573,606

 
$
115,928

 
(1)
Effective April 1, 2011, all impaired loans, excluding certain accruing TDRs, were non-accrual loans. Interest income recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 represents amounts earned on accruing TDRs.
N/A – Not applicable.
As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, there were $94.9 million and $138.3 million, respectively, of impaired loans that did not have a related allowance for loan loss. The estimated fair values of the collateral for these loans exceeded their carrying amount and, accordingly, no specific valuation allowance was considered to be necessary.
For 2010, the total average recorded investment in impaired loans was approximately $772.3 million. The Corporation generally applies all payments received on non-accruing impaired loans to principal until such time as the principal is paid off, after which time any additional payments received are recognized as interest income. For 2010, the Corporation recognized interest income of approximately $27.4 million on impaired loans.


17

Credit Quality Indicators and Non-performing Assets

The following table presents internal credit risk ratings for commercial loans, commercial mortgages and certain construction loans, by class segment:
 
Pass
 
Special Mention
 
Substandard or Lower
 
Total
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
(in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage
$
3,953,387

 
$
3,776,714

 
$
214,970

 
$
306,926

 
$
322,798

 
$
292,340

 
$
4,491,155

 
$
4,375,980

Commercial - secured
2,986,086

 
2,903,184

 
175,459

 
244,927

 
295,096

 
323,187

 
3,456,641

 
3,471,298

Commercial -unsecured
218,244

 
211,298

 
3,951

 
14,177

 
11,328

 
7,611

 
233,523

 
233,086

Total Commercial - industrial, financial and agricultural
3,204,330

 
3,114,482

 
179,410

 
259,104

 
306,424

 
330,798

 
3,690,164

 
3,704,384

Construction - commercial residential
176,628

 
251,159

 
39,947

 
84,774

 
143,791

 
156,966

 
360,366

 
492,899

Construction - commercial
213,309

 
222,357

 
7,691

 
10,221

 
12,633

 
11,859

 
233,633

 
244,437

Total Real estate - construction (excluding Construction - other)
389,937

 
473,516

 
47,638

 
94,995

 
156,424

 
168,825

 
593,999

 
737,336

 
$
7,547,654

 
$
7,364,712

 
$
442,018

 
$
661,025

 
$
785,646

 
$
791,963

 
$
8,775,318

 
$
8,817,700


The following table presents a summary of delinquency and non-performing status for home equity, residential mortgages, real estate - construction - other and consumer loans by class segment:
 
Performing
 
Delinquent (1)
 
Non-performing (2)
 
Total
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
(in thousands)
Real estate - home equity
$
1,606,705

 
$
1,619,684

 
$
12,078

 
$
11,905

 
$
12,097

 
$
10,188

 
$
1,630,880

 
$
1,641,777

Real estate - residential mortgage
961,912

 
909,247

 
31,465

 
36,331

 
48,086

 
50,412

 
1,041,463

 
995,990

Real estate - construction - other
49,580

 
60,956

 
3,431

 

 
1,388

 
2,893

 
54,399

 
63,849

Consumer - direct
36,326

 
45,942

 
681

 
935

 
347

 
212

 
37,354

 
47,089

Consumer - indirect
155,555

 
166,531

 
2,085

 
2,275

 
125

 
290

 
157,765

 
169,096

Consumer - other
126,594

 
129,911

 
3,199

 
2,413

 
2,142

 
1,652

 
131,935

 
133,976

Total Consumer
318,475

 
342,384

 
5,965

 
5,623

 
2,614

 
2,154

 
327,054

 
350,161

Leasing and other and Overdrafts
65,666

 
63,087

 
763

 
516

 
112

 
227

 
66,541

 
63,830

 
$
3,002,338

 
$
2,995,358

 
$
53,702

 
$
54,375

 
$
64,297

 
$
65,874

 
$
3,120,337

 
$
3,115,607


(1)
Includes all accruing loans 31 days to 89 days past due.
(2)
Includes all accruing loans 90 days or more past due and all non-accrual loans.
The following table presents non-performing assets:
 
 
September 30,
2011
 
December 31,
2010
 
(in thousands)
Non-accrual loans
$
269,176

 
$
280,688

Loans 90 days past due and accruing
41,427

 
48,084

Total non-performing loans
310,603

 
328,772

Other real estate owned (OREO)
37,399

 
32,959

Total non-performing assets
$
348,002

 
$
361,731

Effective July 1, 2011, the Corporation adopted the provisions of ASC Update 2011-02, “A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring” (ASC Update 2011-02). ASC Update 2011-02 provides clarifying guidance for creditors when evaluating whether a restructuring constitutes a troubled debt restructuring. ASC Update 2011-02 provides additional guidance for when a creditor has granted a concession and whether a debtor is experiencing financial difficulty. This standards update was effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after June 15, 2011, and was applied retrospectively to January 1, 2011. The adoption of ASC Update 2011-02 did not impact the Corporation’s financial statements.

18

The following table presents TDRs, by class segment:
 
September 30,
2011
 
December 31,
2010
 
(in thousands)
Real-estate – residential mortgage
$
36,113

 
$
37,826

Real-estate – commercial mortgage
23,419

 
18,778

Real-estate – construction
5,871

 
5,440

Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
2,229

 
5,502

Consumer
194

 
263

Total accruing TDRs
67,826

 
67,809

Non-accrual TDRs (1)
49,432

 
51,175

Total TDRs
$
117,258

 
$
118,984

 
(1)
Included within non-accrual loans in table detailing non-performing assets above.

As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, there were $169,000 and $1.6 million, respectively, of commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were modified under TDRs.

The following table presents loans modified as TDRs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 by class segment:
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
Number of Loans
 
Recorded Investment
 
Number of Loans
 
Recorded Investment
 
(dollars in thousands)
Construction - commercial residential
2
 
$
5,792

 
2
 
$
5,792

Real estate - commercial mortgage
8
 
2,702

 
20
 
16,482

Commercial - secured
5
 
925

 
7
 
1,947

Real estate - residential mortgage
1
 
217

 
12
 
3,088

 
16
 
$
9,636

 
41
 
$
27,309


The following table presents loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months which had a payment default during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, by class segment:
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
Number of Loans
 
Recorded Investment
 
Number of Loans
 
Recorded Investment
 
( dollars in thousands)
Construction - commercial residential
2
 
$
5,792

 
2
 
$
5,792

Real estate - commercial mortgage
2
 
1,134

 
11
 
11,873

Real estate - residential mortgage
1
 
217

 
9
 
1,977

Commercial - secured
 

 
1
 
23


5
 
$
7,143

 
23
 
$
19,665




19

The following table presents past due status and non-accrual loans by portfolio segment and class segment:
 
September 30, 2011
 
31-59
Days Past
Due
 
60-89
Days Past
Due
 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due
and
Accruing
 
Non-
accrual
 
Total ≥ 90
Days
 
Total Past
Due
 
Current
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage
$
24,083

 
$
13,672

 
$
4,890

 
$
98,038

 
$
102,928

 
$
140,683

 
$
4,350,472

 
$
4,491,155

Commercial - secured
10,365

 
9,471

 
7,879

 
82,602

 
90,481

 
110,317

 
3,346,324

 
3,456,641

Commercial - unsecured
755

 
313

 
66

 
1,838

 
1,904

 
2,972

 
230,551

 
233,523

Total Commercial - industrial, financial and agricultural
11,120

 
9,784

 
7,945

 
84,440

 
92,385

 
113,289

 
3,576,875

 
3,690,164

Real estate - home equity
9,369

 
2,709

 
7,432

 
4,665

 
12,097

 
24,175

 
1,606,705

 
1,630,880

Real estate - residential mortgage
19,744

 
11,721

 
17,975

 
30,111

 
48,086

 
79,551

 
961,912

 
1,041,463

Construction - commercial residential
1,315

 
3,285

 
432

 
47,111

 
47,543

 
52,143

 
308,223

 
360,366

Construction - commercial
122

 
128

 

 
3,450

 
3,450

 
3,700

 
229,933

 
233,633

Construction - other
3,431

 

 
390

 
998

 
1,388

 
4,819

 
49,580

 
54,399

Total Real estate - construction
4,868

 
3,413

 
822

 
51,559

 
52,381

 
60,662

 
587,736

 
648,398

Consumer - direct
478

 
203

 
70

 
277

 
347

 
1,028

 
36,326

 
37,354

Consumer - indirect
1,741

 
344

 
125

 

 
125

 
2,210

 
155,555

 
157,765

Consumer - other
1,992

 
1,207

 
2,142

 

 
2,142

 
5,341

 
126,594

 
131,935

Total Consumer
4,211

 
1,754

 
2,337

 
277

 
2,614

 
8,579

 
318,475

 
327,054

Leasing and other and Overdrafts
548

 
215

 
26

 
86

 
112

 
875

 
65,666

 
66,541

 
$
73,943

 
$
43,268

 
$
41,427

 
$
269,176

 
$
310,603

 
$
427,814

 
$
11,467,841

 
$
11,895,655

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2010
 
31-59
Days Past
Due

 
60-89
Days Past
Due

 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due
and
Accruing

 
Non-
accrual

 
Total ≥ 90
Days

 
Total Past
Due

 
Current

 
Total

 
(in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage
$
15,898

 
$
8,491

 
$
6,744

 
$
86,976

 
$
93,720

 
$
118,109

 
$
4,257,871

 
$
4,375,980

Commercial - secured
5,274

 
6,837

 
13,374

 
72,162

 
85,536

 
97,647

 
3,373,651

 
3,471,298

Commercial - unsecured
629

 
553

 
731

 
1,188

 
1,919

 
3,101

 
229,985

 
233,086

Total Commercial - industrial, financial and agricultural
5,903

 
7,390

 
14,105

 
73,350

 
87,455

 
100,748

 
3,603,636

 
3,704,384

Real estate - home equity
8,138

 
3,767

 
10,024

 
164

 
10,188

 
22,093

 
1,619,684

 
1,641,777

Real estate - residential mortgage
24,237

 
12,094

 
13,346

 
37,066

 
50,412

 
86,743

 
909,247

 
995,990

Construction - commercial residential
3,872

 
3,401

 
884

 
75,552

 
76,436

 
83,709

 
409,190

 
492,899

Construction - commercial

 

 
195

 
5,092

 
5,287

 
5,287

 
239,150

 
244,437

Construction - other

 

 
491

 
2,402

 
2,893

 
2,893

 
60,956

 
63,849

Total Real estate - construction
3,872

 
3,401

 
1,570

 
83,046

 
84,616

 
91,889

 
709,296

 
801,185

Consumer - direct
707

 
228

 
212

 

 
212

 
1,147

 
45,942

 
47,089

Consumer - indirect
1,916

 
359

 
290

 

 
290

 
2,565

 
166,531

 
169,096

Consumer - other
1,751

 
662

 
1,638

 
14

 
1,652

 
4,065

 
129,911

 
133,976

Total Consumer
4,374

 
1,249

 
2,140

 
14

 
2,154

 
7,777

 
342,384

 
350,161

Leasing and other and Overdrafts
473

 
43

 
155

 
72

 
227

 
743

 
63,087

 
63,830

 
$
62,895

 
$
36,435

 
$
48,084

 
$
280,688

 
$
328,772

 
$
428,102

 
$
11,505,205

 
$
11,933,307




20


NOTE E – Mortgage Servicing Rights
The following table summarizes the changes in mortgage servicing rights (MSRs), which are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
(in thousands)
Amortized cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
32,809

 
$
25,327

 
$
30,700

 
$
23,498

Originations of mortgage servicing rights
2,213

 
3,197

 
6,881

 
6,870

Amortization expense
(1,343
)
 
(998
)
 
(3,902
)
 
(2,842
)
Balance at end of period
$
33,679

 
$
27,526

 
$
33,679

 
$
27,526

Valuation allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
(1,550
)
 
$
(1,000
)
 
$
(1,550
)
 
$
(1,000
)
Additions

 
(550
)
 

 
(550
)
Balance at end of period
$
(1,550
)
 
$
(1,550
)
 
$
(1,550
)
 
$
(1,550
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net MSRs at end of period
$
32,129

 
$
25,976

 
$
32,129

 
$
25,976

MSRs represent the economic value of existing contractual rights to service mortgage loans that have been sold. Accordingly, actual and expected prepayments of the underlying mortgage loans can impact the value of MSRs.
The Corporation estimates the fair value of its MSRs by discounting the estimated cash flows from servicing income, net of expense, over the expected life of the underlying loans at a discount rate commensurate with the risk associated with these assets. Expected life is based on the contractual terms of the loans, as adjusted for prepayment projections for mortgage-backed securities with rates and terms comparable to the loans underlying the MSRs.
The Corporation determined that the estimated fair value of MSRs was equal to their book value, net of the valuation allowance, at September 30, 2011. Therefore, no adjustment to the valuation allowance was necessary as of September 30, 2011.

NOTE F – Stock-Based Compensation
The fair value of equity awards granted to employees is recognized as compensation expense over the period during which employees are required to provide service in exchange for such awards. The Corporation grants equity awards to employees, consisting of stock options and restricted stock, under its Stock Option and Compensation Plan (Employee Option Plan). In addition, employees may purchase stock under the Corporation’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
The following table presents compensation expense and the related tax benefits for equity awards recognized in the consolidated statements of income:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
(in thousands)
Stock-based compensation expense
$
2,372

 
$
817

 
$
3,473

 
$
1,428

Tax benefit
(746
)
 
(192
)
 
(1,001
)
 
(320
)
Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax
$
1,626

 
$
625

 
$
2,472

 
$
1,108


Stock option fair values are estimated on the date of grant through the use of the Black-Scholes valuation methodology. Restricted stock fair values are equal to the average trading price of the Corporation’s stock on the date of grant. Restricted stock awards earn dividends during the vesting period, which are forfeitable if the awards do not vest. Stock options and restricted stock have historically been granted annually on July 1, 2011st and become fully vested over or after a three-year vesting period. Certain events, as defined in the Employee Option Plan, result in the acceleration of the vesting of both stock options and restricted stock. As of September 30, 2011, the Employee Option Plan had 12.2 million shares reserved for future grants through 2013. On July 1, 2011, the Corporation granted approximately 616,000 stock options and 317,000 shares of restricted stock under its Employee

21

Option Plan.

On July 1, 2011, the Corporation also granted approximately 11,000 shares of restricted stock to non-employee directors of the holding company under its 2011 Directors’ Equity Participation Plan (Directors’ Plan) that become fully vested after one year. Under the Directors’ Plan, the Corporation can grant equity awards to non-employee holding company and affiliate directors in the form of stock options, restricted stock or common stock. As of September 30, 2011, the Directors’ Plan had 489,000 shares reserved for future grants through 2021.

NOTE G – Employee Benefit Plans
The Corporation maintains a defined benefit pension plan (Pension Plan) for certain employees. Contributions to the Pension Plan are actuarially determined and funded annually, if required. Pension Plan assets are invested in: money markets; fixed income securities, including corporate bonds, U.S. Treasury securities and common trust funds; and equity securities, including common stocks and common stock mutual funds. Effective January 1, 2008, the Pension Plan was curtailed.
The Corporation currently provides medical and life insurance benefits under a postretirement benefits plan (Postretirement Plan) to certain retired full-time employees who were employees of the Corporation prior to January 1, 1998. Certain full-time employees may become eligible for these discretionary benefits if they reach retirement age while working for the Corporation.
The Corporation recognizes the funded status of its Pension Plan and Postretirement Plan on the consolidated balance sheets and recognizes the changes in that funded status through other comprehensive income.
The net periodic benefit cost for the Corporation’s Pension Plan and Postretirement Plan, as determined by consulting actuaries, consisted of the following components for the three and nine months ended September 30:
 
Pension Plan
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
(in thousands)
Service cost (1)
$
15

 
$
26

 
$
45

 
$
78

Interest cost
853

 
842

 
2,559

 
2,526

Expected return on plan assets
(837
)
 
(802
)
 
(2,511
)
 
(2,406
)
Net amortization and deferral
72

 
119

 
216

 
357

Net periodic benefit cost
$
103

 
$
185

 
$
309

 
$
555

 
(1)
The Pension Plan service cost recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, was related to administrative costs associated with the plan and not due to the accrual of additional participant benefits.
 
Postretirement Plan
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
(in thousands)
Service cost
$
50

 
$
48

 
$
151

 
$
146

Interest cost
107

 
110

 
321

 
330

Expected return on plan assets
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Net accretion and deferral
(91
)
 
(91
)
 
(273
)
 
(273
)
Net periodic benefit cost
$
65

 
$
66

 
$
196

 
$
200


NOTE H – Derivative Financial Instruments
In connection with its mortgage banking activities, the Corporation enters into commitments to originate fixed-rate residential mortgage loans for customers, also referred to as interest rate locks. In addition, the Corporation enters into forward commitments for the future sale or purchase of mortgage-backed securities to or from third-party investors to hedge the effect of changes in interest rates on the values of both the interest rate locks and mortgage loans held for sale. Forward sales commitments may also be in the form of commitments to sell individual mortgage loans at a fixed price on a future date. Both the interest rate locks and the forward commitments are accounted for as derivative financial instruments and are carried at fair value, determined as the amount that would be necessary to settle each derivative financial instrument at the balance sheet date. The amount necessary to

22

settle each interest rate lock is based on the price that secondary market investors would pay for loans with similar characteristics, including interest rate and term, as of the date fair value is measured. Gross derivative assets and liabilities are recorded within other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets.
The following table presents a summary of the notional amounts and fair values of derivative financial instruments recorded on the consolidated balance sheets, none of which have been designated as hedging instruments:
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
Notional
Amount
 
Asset
(Liability)
Fair Value
 
Notional
Amount
 
Asset
(Liability)
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Interest Rate Locks with Customers:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Positive fair values
$
287,898

 
$
6,947

 
$
140,682

 
$
777

Negative fair values
3,154

 
(26
)
 
50,527

 
(760
)
Net Interest Rate Locks with Customers

 
6,921

 

 
17

Forward Commitments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Positive fair values
5,180

 
5

 
558,861

 
8,479

Negative fair values
297,192

 
(5,643
)
 

 

Net Forward Commitments

 
(5,638
)
 

 
8,479

Net derivative fair value asset
 
 
$
1,283

 
 
 
$
8,496


The following table presents a summary of the fair value gains and losses on derivative financial instruments for the three and nine months ended September 30:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
(in thousands)
Interest rate locks with customers
$
4,902

 
$
3,764

 
$
6,904

 
$
6,285

Forward commitments
(4,794
)
 
2,005

 
(14,117
)
 
(4,171
)
Fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments
$
108

 
$
5,769

 
$
(7,213
)
 
$
2,114

Fair value gains and losses represent the changes in the fair values of derivative financial instruments during the period and are recognized on the consolidated statements of income as components of mortgage banking income. The other components of mortgage banking income are gains and losses on sales of mortgage loans, fair value adjustments on mortgage loans held for sale, gains and losses on the settlement of forward commitments, and net servicing income.

NOTE I – Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
The Corporation is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. Those financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheets. Exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and letters of credit is represented by the outstanding amount of those instruments.

23

The outstanding amounts of commitments to extend credit and letters of credit were as follows:
 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
(in thousands)
Commitments to extend credit
$
3,856,706

 
$
3,780,824

Standby letters of credit
443,144

 
489,097

Commercial letters of credit
25,256

 
31,388

The Corporation records a reserve for unfunded lending commitments, which represents management’s estimate of losses associated with unused commitments to extend credit. See Note D, “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses” for additional details.
Residential Lending
Residential mortgages are originated and sold by the Corporation through Fulton Mortgage Company, which operates as a division of each of the Corporation’s subsidiary banks. The loans originated and sold are predominantly “prime” loans that conform to published standards of government sponsored agencies. Prior to 2008, the Corporation’s former Resource Bank subsidiary operated a national wholesale mortgage lending operation which originated and sold non-prime loans from the time the Corporation acquired Resource Bank in 2004 through 2007.
Beginning in 2007, Resource Bank experienced an increase in requests from secondary market purchasers to repurchase non-prime loans sold to those investors. These repurchase requests resulted in the Corporation recording charges representing the write-downs that were necessary to reduce the loan balances to their estimated net realizable values, based on valuations of the underlying properties, as adjusted for market factors and other considerations. Many of the loans the Corporation repurchased were delinquent and were settled through foreclosure and sale of the underlying collateral.
As of September 30, 2011, the reserve for losses on the potential repurchase of loans was $1.5 million. As of December 31, 2010, the reserve for losses on the potential repurchase of loans was $3.3 million.
Management believes that the reserves recorded as of September 30, 2011 are adequate for the known potential repurchases. However, continued declines in collateral values or the identification of additional loans to be repurchased could necessitate additional reserves in the future.
Other Contingencies
The Corporation and its subsidiaries are involved in various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of the business of the Corporation. The Corporation periodically evaluates the possible impact of pending litigation matters based on, among other factors, the advice of counsel, available insurance coverage and recorded liabilities and reserves for probable legal liabilities and costs. As of the date of this report, the Corporation believes that any liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, which may result from the final outcomes of pending proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the financial position, the operating results and/or the liquidity of the Corporation. However, litigation is often unpredictable and the actual results of litigation cannot be determined with certainty and, therefore, the ultimate resolution of any matter and the possible range of liabilities associated with potential outcomes may need to be reevaluated in the future.

NOTE J – Fair Value Option
FASB ASC Subtopic 825-10 permits entities to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value and requires certain disclosures for amounts for which the fair value option is applied. The Corporation has elected to measure mortgage loans held for sale at fair value to more accurately reflect the financial performance of its mortgage banking activities in its consolidated financial statements. Derivative financial instruments related to these activities are also recorded at fair value, as noted within Note H, “Derivative Financial Instruments.” The Corporation determines fair value for its mortgage loans held for sale based on the price that secondary market investors would pay for loans with similar characteristics, including interest rate and term, as of the date fair value is measured. Changes in fair value during the period are recorded as components of mortgage banking income on the consolidated statements of income. Interest income earned on mortgage loans held for sale is recorded within interest income on the consolidated statements of income.

24

The following table presents a summary of the Corporation’s mortgage loans held for sale:
 
September 30,
2011
 
December 31,
2010
 
(in thousands)
Cost
$
60,902

 
$
84,604

Fair value
63,554

 
83,940

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Corporation recorded gains related to changes in fair values of mortgage loans held for sale of $1.5 million and $3.3 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2010, the Corporation recorded losses related to changes in fair values of mortgage loans held for sale of $257,000. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the Corporation recorded gains related to changes in fair values of mortgage loans held for sale of $2.1 million.

NOTE K – Fair Value Measurements
FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into the following three categories (from highest to lowest priority):
Level 1 – Inputs that represent quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 – Inputs that represent quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, or quoted prices for identical instruments in non-active markets. Also includes valuation techniques whose inputs are derived principally from observable market data other than quoted prices, such as interest rates or other market-corroborated means.
Level 3 – Inputs that are largely unobservable, as little or no market data exists for the instrument being valued.
The Corporation has categorized all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis into the above three levels.
In January 2010, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2010-06, “Improving Disclosures About Fair Value Measurements” (ASC Update 2010-06). Among other provisions which were adopted by the Corporation on March 31, 2010, ASC Update 2010-06 also requires companies to reconcile changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities by separately providing information about Level 3 purchases, sales, issuances and settlements on a gross basis. This provision of ASC Update 2010-06 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, or March 31, 2011 for the Corporation. The adoption of this provision did not impact the Corporation’s fair value measurement disclosures.
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The Corporation’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and reported on the consolidated balance sheets were as follows:
 
September 30, 2011
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Mortgage loans held for sale
$

 
$
63,554

 
$

 
$
63,554

Available for sale investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
34,983

 

 

 
34,983

U.S. Government securities

 
1,325

 

 
1,325

U.S. Government sponsored agency securities

 
4,844

 

 
4,844

State and municipal securities

 
334,060

 

 
334,060

Corporate debt securities

 
110,577

 
11,858

 
122,435

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 
1,107,255

 

 
1,107,255

Mortgage-backed securities

 
838,836

 

 
838,836

Auction rate securities

 

 
240,702

 
240,702

Total available for sale investments
34,983

 
2,396,897

 
252,560

 
2,684,440

Other financial assets
12,892

 
6,952

 

 
19,844

Total assets
$
47,875

 
$
2,467,403

 
$
252,560

 
$
2,767,838

Other financial liabilities
$
12,892

 
$
5,669

 
$

 
$
18,561


25

 
December 31, 2010
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Mortgage loans held for sale
$

 
$
83,940

 
$

 
$
83,940

Available for sale investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
40,070

 

 

 
40,070

U.S. Government securities

 
1,649

 

 
1,649

U.S. Government sponsored agency securities

 
5,058

 

 
5,058

State and municipal securities

 
349,563

 

 
349,563

Corporate debt securities

 
111,675

 
13,111

 
124,786

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 
1,104,058

 

 
1,104,058

Mortgage-backed securities

 
871,472

 

 
871,472

Auction rate securities

 

 
260,679

 
260,679

Total available for sale investments
40,070

 
2,443,475

 
273,790

 
2,757,335

Other financial assets
13,582

 
9,256

 

 
22,838

Total assets
$
53,652

 
$
2,536,671

 
$
273,790

 
$
2,864,113

Other financial liabilities
$
13,582

 
$
760

 
$

 
$
14,342

The valuation techniques used to measure fair value for the items in the tables above are as follows:
Mortgage loans held for sale – This category consists of mortgage loans held for sale that the Corporation has elected to measure at fair value. Fair values as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were measured as the price that secondary market investors were offering for loans with similar characteristics.
Available for sale investment securities – Included within this asset category are both equity and debt securities:
Equity securities – Equity securities consist of stocks of financial institutions ($27.9 million at September 30, 2011 and $33.1 million at December 31, 2010) and other equity investments ($7.1 million at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010). These Level 1 investments are measured at fair value based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets. Restricted equity securities issued by the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank ($85.4 million at September 30, 2011 and $96.4 million at December 31, 2010) have been excluded from the above table.
U.S. Government securities/U.S. Government sponsored agency securities/State and municipal securities/Collateralized mortgage obligations/Mortgage-backed securities – These debt securities are classified as Level 2 investments. Fair values are determined by a third-party pricing service using both quoted prices for similar assets, when available, and model-based valuation techniques that derive fair value based on market-corroborated data, such as instruments with similar prepayment speeds and default interest rates. The pricing data and market quotes the Corporation obtains from outside sources are reviewed internally for reasonableness.
Corporate debt securities – This category includes subordinated debt issued by financial institutions ($36.7 million at September 30, 2011 and $35.9 million at December 31, 2010), single-issuer trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions ($77.9 million at September 30, 2011 and $81.8 million at December 31, 2010), pooled trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions ($5.3 million at September 30, 2011 and $4.5 million at December 31, 2010) and other corporate debt issued by non-financial institutions ($2.5 million at September 30, 2011 and $2.6 million at December 31, 2010).
Classified as Level 2 investments are the Corporation’s subordinated debt, other corporate debt issued by non-financial institutions and $71.3 million and $73.2 million of single-issuer trust preferred securities held at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. These corporate debt securities are measured at fair value by a third-party pricing service using both quoted prices for similar assets, when available, and model-based valuation techniques that derive fair value based on market-corroborated data, such as instruments with similar prepayment speeds and default interest rates. As with the debt securities described above, an active market presently exists for securities similar to these corporate debt security holdings.
Classified as Level 3 assets are the Corporation’s investments in pooled trust preferred securities and certain single-issuer trust preferred securities ($6.6 million at September 30, 2011 and $8.6 million at December 31,

26

2010). The fair values of these securities were determined based on quotes provided by third-party brokers who determined fair values based predominantly on internal valuation models which were not indicative prices or binding offers. The Corporation’s third-party pricing service cannot derive fair values for these securities primarily due to inactive markets for similar investments.
Auction rate securities – Due to their illiquidity, ARCs are classified as Level 3 investments and are valued through the use of an expected cash flows model prepared by a third-party valuation expert. The assumptions used in preparing the expected cash flows model include estimates for coupon rates, time to maturity and market rates of return. The expected cash flows model the Corporation obtains from the outside source is reviewed internally for reasonableness.
Other financial assets – Included within this asset category are: Level 1 assets, consisting of mutual funds that are held in trust for employee deferred compensation plans and measured at fair value based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets; and Level 2 assets, representing the fair value of mortgage banking derivatives in the form of interest rate locks and forward commitments with secondary market investors. The fair value of the Corporation’s interest rate locks and forward commitments are determined as the amounts that would be required to settle the derivative financial instruments at the balance sheet date. See Note H, “Derivative Financial Instruments,” for additional information.
Other financial liabilities – Included within this category are: Level 1 employee deferred compensation liabilities which represent amounts due to employees under the deferred compensation plans described under the heading “Other financial assets” above and Level 2 mortgage banking derivatives, described under the heading “Other financial assets” above.
The following tables present the changes in the Corporation’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
Three months ended September 30, 2011
 
Available for Sale Investment Securities
 
Pooled Trust
Preferred
Securities
 
Single-issuer
Trust Preferred
Securities
 
ARC
Investments
 
(in thousands)
Balance, June 30, 2011
$
5,433

 
$
7,819

 
$
255,142

Realized adjustment to fair value (2)
(53
)
 

 
(292
)
Unrealized adjustment to fair value (3)
12

 
(1,235
)
 
(14,660
)
Redemptions
(117
)
 

 
(318
)
(Premium amortization) discount accretion (4)

 
(1
)
 
830

Balance, September 30, 2011
$
5,275

 
$
6,583

 
$
240,702

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended September 30, 2010
Balance, June 30, 2010
$
4,279

 
$
8,085

 
$
276,539

Realized adjustment to fair value (2)
(2,335
)
 

 

Unrealized adjustment to fair value (3)
2,805

 
466

 
(704
)
Sales

 

 
(10,233
)
Redemptions
(328
)
 

 
(1,470
)
(Premium amortization) discount accretion (4)
20

 

 
1,163

Balance, September 30, 2010
$
4,441

 
$
8,551

 
$
265,295


27

 
Nine months ended September 30, 2011
 
Available for Sale Investment Securities
 
Pooled Trust
Preferred
Securities
 
Single-issuer
Trust Preferred
Securities
 
ARC
Investments
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2010
$
4,528

 
$
8,583

 
$
260,679

Transfer from Level 3 to Level 2 (1)

 
(800
)
 

Realized adjustment to fair value (2)
(1,406
)
 

 
(292
)
Unrealized adjustment to fair value (3)
2,564

 
(1,197
)
 
(22,139
)
Redemptions
(409
)
 

 
(569
)
(Premium amortization) discount accretion (4)
(2
)
 
(3
)
 
3,023

Balance, September 30, 2011
$
5,275

 
$
6,583

 
$
240,702

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2010
Balance, December 31, 2009
$
4,979

 
$
6,981

 
$
289,203

Transfer to Level 3 from Level 2 (1)

 
650

 

Realized adjustment to fair value (2)
(9,477
)
 

 

Unrealized adjustment to fair value (3)
9,258

 
919

 
(4,346
)
Sales

 

 
(15,266
)
Redemptions
(328
)
 

 
(7,852
)
(Premium amortization) discount accretion (4)
9

 
1

 
3,556

Balance, September 30, 2010
$
4,441

 
$
8,551

 
$
265,295

 
(1)
During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, one single-issuer trust preferred security with a fair value of $800,000 as of December 31, 2010 was reclassified as a Level 2 asset. As of September 30, 2011, the fair value of this security was measured by a third-party pricing service using both quoted prices for similar assets and model-based valuation techniques that derived fair value based on market-corroborated data, such as instruments with similar prepayment speeds and default interest rates. As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of this security was determined based on quotes provided by third-party brokers who determined its fair value based predominantly on an internal valuation model.
(2)
For pooled trust preferred securities and ARCs, realized adjustments to fair value represent credit related other-than-temporary impairment charges that were recorded as a reduction to investment securities gains (losses) on the consolidated statements of income.
(3)
Pooled trust preferred securities, single-issuer trust preferred securities and ARCs are classified as available for sale investment securities; as such, the unrealized adjustment to fair value was recorded as an unrealized holding gain (loss) and included as a component of available for sale investment securities on the consolidated balance sheet.
(4)
Included as a component of net interest income on the consolidated statements of income.
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Certain financial assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value measurement in certain circumstances, such as upon their acquisition or when there is evidence of impairment.
The Corporation’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and reported on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheets were as follows:
 
September 30, 2011
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Net loans
$

 
$

 
$
219,526

 
$
219,526

Other financial assets

 

 
69,528

 
69,528

Total assets
$

 
$

 
$
289,054

 
$
289,054

Reserve for unfunded commitments
$

 
$

 
$
1,839

 
$
1,839


28

 
December 31, 2010
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Net loans
$

 
$

 
$
457,678

 
$
457,678

Other financial assets

 

 
62,109

 
62,109

Total assets
$

 
$

 
$
519,787

 
$
519,787

Reserve for unfunded commitments
$

 
$

 
$
1,227

 
$
1,227

The valuation techniques used to measure fair value for the items in the tables above are as follows:
Net loans – This category consists of loans that were evaluated for impairment under FASB ASC Section 310-10-35 and have been classified as Level 3 assets. The amount shown is the balance of impaired loans, net of the related allowance for loan losses. See Note D, “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses,” for additional details.
Other financial assets – This category includes OREO ($37.4 million at September 30, 2011 and $33.0 million at December 31, 2010) and MSRs, net of the MSR valuation reserve ($32.1 million at September 30, 2011 and $29.1 million at December 31, 2010), both classified as Level 3 assets.
Fair values for OREO were based on estimated selling prices less estimated selling costs for similar assets in active markets.
MSRs are initially recorded at fair value upon the sale of residential mortgage loans, which the Corporation continues to service, to secondary market investors. MSRs are amortized as a reduction to servicing income over the estimated lives of the underlying loans. MSRs are evaluated for impairment by comparing the carrying amount to estimated fair value. Fair value is determined at the end of each quarter through a discounted cash flows valuation. Significant inputs to the valuation include expected net servicing income, the discount rate and the expected life of the underlying loans.
Reserve for unfunded commitments – This Level 3 liability represents management’s estimate of losses associated with unused commitments to extend credit. See Note D, “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses,” for additional details.
As required by FASB ASC Section 825-10-50, the following table details the book values and estimated fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010. In addition, a general description of the methods and assumptions used to estimate such fair values is also provided.
Fair values of financial instruments are significantly affected by assumptions used, principally the timing of future cash flows and discount rates. Because assumptions are inherently subjective in nature, the estimated fair values cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent market quotes and, in many cases, the estimated fair values could not necessarily be realized in an immediate sale or settlement of the instrument. The aggregate fair value amounts presented do not necessarily represent management’s estimate of the underlying value of the Corporation.

29

 
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
 
Book Value
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Book Value
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
291,870

 
$
291,870

 
$
198,954

 
$
198,954

Interest-bearing deposits with other banks
256,360

 
256,360

 
33,297

 
33,297

Loans held for sale (1)
63,554

 
63,554

 
83,940

 
83,940

Securities held to maturity
6,734

 
6,774

 
7,751

 
7,818

Securities available for sale (1)
2,769,823

 
2,769,823

 
2,853,733

 
2,853,733

Loans, net of unearned income (1)
11,895,655

 
11,875,115

 
11,933,307

 
11,909,539

Accrued interest receivable
52,460

 
52,460

 
53,841

 
53,841

Other financial assets (1)
140,385

 
140,385

 
230,044

 
230,044

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand and savings deposits
$
8,487,266

 
$
8,487,266

 
$
7,758,613

 
$
7,758,613

Time deposits
4,150,358

 
4,198,043

 
4,629,968

 
4,677,494

Short-term borrowings
448,955

 
448,955

 
674,077

 
674,077

Accrued interest payable
27,678

 
27,678

 
33,333

 
33,333

Other financial liabilities (1)
86,649

 
86,649

 
80,551

 
80,551

Federal Home Loan Bank advances and long-term debt
1,025,505

 
965,389

 
1,119,450

 
1,077,724

 
(1)
Description of fair value determinations for these financial instruments, or certain financial instruments within these categories, measured at fair value on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheets, are disclosed above.
For short-term financial instruments, defined as those with remaining maturities of 90 days or less and excluding those recorded at fair value on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheets, book value was considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.
The following instruments are predominantly short-term:
Assets
  
Liabilities
Cash and due from banks
  
Demand and savings deposits
Interest bearing deposits
  
Short-term borrowings
Federal funds sold
  
Accrued interest payable
Accrued interest receivable
  
Other financial liabilities
For those financial instruments within the above-listed categories with remaining maturities greater than 90 days, fair values were determined by discounting contractual cash flows using rates which could be earned for assets with similar remaining maturities and, in the case of liabilities, rates at which the liabilities with similar remaining maturities could be issued as of the balance sheet date.
The estimated fair values of securities held to maturity as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were based on quoted market prices, broker quotes or dealer quotes.
For short-term loans and variable rate loans that reprice within 90 days, book value was considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value. For other types of loans and time deposits, fair value was estimated by discounting future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers for the same remaining maturities.
The fair value of FHLB advances and long-term debt was estimated by discounting the remaining contractual cash flows using a rate at which the Corporation could issue debt with a similar remaining maturity as of the balance sheet date. The fair values of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, included within other financial liabilities above, are estimated to equal their carrying amounts.

NOTE L – New Accounting Standards
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASC Update 2011-04, “Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs” (ASC Update 2011-04). ASC Update 2011-04 amends fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP for the purpose of improving the comparability of fair value measurements presented and

30

disclosed in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Among the amendments in ASC Update 2011-04 are expanded disclosure requirements that require companies to quantitatively disclose inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements and to qualitatively disclose the sensitivity of fair value measurement to changes in unobservable inputs. This standards update is effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011. For the Corporation, this standards update is effective in connection with its March 31, 2012 interim filing on Form 10-Q. The adoption of ASC Update 2011-04 is not expected to materially impact the Corporation’s financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASC Update 2011-05, “Presentation of Other Comprehensive Income” (ASC Update 2011-05). ASC Update 2011-05 requires companies to present total comprehensive income, consisting of net income and other comprehensive income, in either one continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. Presently, the Corporation reports total comprehensive income within its Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income. For publicly traded entities, this standards update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. For the Corporation, this standards update is effective in connection with its March 31, 2012 interim filing on Form 10-Q.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASC Update 2011-08, "Testing for Goodwill Impairment" (ASC Update 2011-08). ASC Update 2011-08 simplifies testing for goodwill impairment by permitting entities to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying value. If an entity can qualitatively demonstrate that a reporting unit's fair value is more likely than not greater than its carrying value, then it would not be required to perform the quantitative two-step goodwill impairment test. This standards update is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted, including for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed as of a date before September 15, 2011, if an entity’s financial statements for the most recent annual or interim period have not yet been issued. The adoption of ASC Update 2011-08 is not expected to materially impact the Corporation’s financial statements.

NOTE M – Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the 2010 consolidated financial statements and notes have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation.



31



Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Management’s Discussion) relates to Fulton Financial Corporation (the Corporation), a financial holding company registered under the Bank Holding Company Act and incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1982, and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Management’s Discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes presented in this report.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The Corporation has made, and may continue to make, certain forward-looking statements with respect to its financial condition and results of operations. Many factors could affect future financial results including, without limitation: the impact of adverse changes in the economy and real estate markets; increases in non-performing assets which may reduce the level of earning assets and require the Corporation to increase the allowance for credit losses, charge-off loans and incur elevated collection and carrying costs related to such non-performing assets; acquisition and growth strategies; market risk; changes or adverse developments in political or regulatory conditions; a disruption in, or abnormal functioning of, credit and other markets, including the lack of or reduced access to markets for mortgages and other asset-backed securities and for commercial paper and other short-term borrowings; changes in the levels of, or methodology for determining, FDIC deposit insurance premiums and assessments; the effect of competition and interest rates on net interest margin and net interest income; investment strategy and other income growth; investment securities gains and losses; declines in the value of securities which may result in charges to earnings; changes in rates of deposit and loan growth or a decline in loans originated; relative balances of rate-sensitive assets to rate-sensitive liabilities; salaries and employee benefits and other expenses; amortization of intangible assets; goodwill impairment; capital and liquidity strategies; and other financial and business matters for future periods. Do not unduly rely on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “should,” “will,” “could,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “plans,” “expects,” “future,” “intends” and similar expressions which are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond the Corporation’s control and ability to predict, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. The Corporation undertakes no obligation, other than as required by law, to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Summary Financial Results
The Corporation generates the majority of its revenue through net interest income, or the difference between interest earned on loans and investments and interest paid on deposits and borrowings. Growth in net interest income is dependent upon balance sheet growth and/or maintaining or increasing the net interest margin, which is net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent, or FTE) as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The Corporation also generates revenue through fees earned on the various services and products offered to its customers and through sales of assets, such as loans, investments or properties. Offsetting these revenue sources are provisions for credit losses on loans, operating expenses and income taxes.

32

The following table presents a summary of the Corporation’s earnings and selected performance ratios:
 
As of or for the
Three months ended
September 30
 
As of or for the
Nine months ended September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Net income available to common shareholders (in thousands)
$
39,324

 
$
31,508

 
$
109,494

 
$
80,539

Income before income taxes (in thousands)
$
52,765

 
$
50,473

 
$
148,464

 
$
130,185

Diluted net income per share (1)
$
0.20

 
$
0.16

 
$
0.55

 
$
0.43

Return on average assets
0.97
%
 
0.91
%
 
0.91
%
 
0.79
%
Return on average common equity (2)
7.89
%
 
7.75
%
 
7.55
%
 
5.37
%
Return on average tangible common equity (3)
11.06
%
 
11.09
%
 
10.72
%
 
7.64
%
Net interest margin (4)
3.93
%
 
3.81
%
 
3.93
%
 
3.79
%
Non-performing assets to total assets
2.14
%
 
2.28
%
 
2.14
%
 
2.28
%
Net charge-offs to average loans (annualized)
1.04
%
 
1.19
%
 
1.25
%
 
1.03
%
 
(1)
Net income available to common shareholders divided by diluted weighted average common shares outstanding.
(2)
Net income available to common shareholders divided by average common shareholders’ equity.
(3)
Net income available to common shareholders, as adjusted for intangible asset amortization (net of tax), divided by average common shareholders’ equity, net of goodwill and intangible assets.
(4)
Presented on an FTE basis, using a 35% Federal tax rate and statutory interest expense disallowances. See also the “Net Interest Income” section of Management’s Discussion.
The Corporation’s income before income taxes for the third quarter of 2011 increased $2.3 million, or 4.5%, from the same period in 2010. Income before income taxes for the first nine months of 2011 increased $18.3 million, or 14.0%, in comparison to the first nine months of 2010.
Economic conditions, while slowly improving, continue to place stress on the Corporation's borrowers and impact the pace of asset quality improvement. However, improvements in certain asset quality metrics had a positive impact on results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011.
Non-performing loans and overall delinquencies decreased as of September 30, 2011 in comparison to September 30, 2010. Net charge-offs decreased for the third quarter of 2011 in comparison to the same period in 2010. These improved credit quality metrics resulted in lower loan loss allocations, which led to lower provisions for credit losses. The Corporation's results were most significantly impacted by a decrease in the provision for credit losses of $9.0 million, or 22.5%, and $15.0 million, or 12.5%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
Excluding the decrease in the provision for loan losses, the following items had an impact on earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to the same periods in 2010:
Increase in net interest income of $1.3 million, or 0.9%, and $3.8 million, or 0.9%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. The increases in net interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 were a result of increases in the net interest margin.
Other income, excluding investment securities gains (losses), decreased $1.9 million, or 3.7%, for three months ended September 30, 2011 in comparison to the same period in 2010 and increased $5.2 million, or 3.8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 in comparison to 2010. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Corporation experienced growth in a number of other fee income categories, including debit card fees, foreign currency processing revenues and merchant fees. Mortgage banking income decreased $4.5 million and $2.0 million in comparison to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
Other expenses increased $3.9 million, or 3.8%, and $6.8 million, or 2.2%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. The increases in other expenses were due to higher salaries and employee benefits of $4.4 million, and $7.8 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. Partially offsetting these increases were decreases in FDIC insurance expense of $977,000 and $3.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.



33


Quarter Ended September 30, 2011 compared to the Quarter Ended September 30, 2010
Net Interest Income
FTE net interest income increased $1.4 million, or 1.0%, from $144.1 million in the third quarter of 2010 to $145.5 million in the third quarter of 2011. This increase was the result of an increase in net interest margin, offset by a decline in average interest-earning assets.
Net interest margin increased 12 basis points, or 3.1%, from 3.81% for the third quarter of 2010 to 3.93% for the third quarter of 2011. The increase in net interest margin was a result of a 36 basis point, or 24.3%, decrease in funding costs, partially offset by a 21 basis point, or 4.2%, decrease in yields on interest-earning assets.

34

The following table provides a comparative average balance sheet and net interest income analysis for the third quarter of 2011 as compared to the same period in 2010. Interest income and yields are presented on an FTE basis, using a 35% Federal tax rate and statutory interest expense disallowances. The discussion following this table is based on these FTE amounts. All dollar amounts are in thousands.
 
Three months ended September 30
 
2011
 
2010
ASSETS
Average
Balance
 
Interest (1)
 
Yield/
Rate
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest (1)
 
Yield/
Rate
Interest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, net of unearned income (2)
$
11,887,544

 
$
151,816

 
5.07
%
 
$
11,958,145

 
$
160,125

 
5.32
%
Taxable investment securities (3)
2,142,670

 
20,166

 
3.76

 
2,303,692

 
22,363

 
3.88

Tax-exempt investment securities (3)
325,420

 
4,456

 
5.48

 
345,281

 
4,961

 
5.75

Equity securities (3)
124,893

 
777

 
2.48

 
138,993

 
760

 
2.18

Total investment securities
2,592,983

 
25,399

 
3.92

 
2,787,966

 
28,084

 
4.03

Loans held for sale
37,626

 
425

 
4.52

 
78,862

 
919

 
4.66

Other interest-earning assets
218,135

 
91

 
0.17

 
204,601

 
102

 
0.20

Total interest-earning assets
14,736,288

 
177,731

 
4.80
%
 
15,029,574

 
189,230

 
5.01
%
Noninterest-earning assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks
276,063

 

 

 
280,784

 

 

Premises and equipment
206,059

 

 

 
203,995

 

 

Other assets
1,107,107

 

 

 
1,133,469

 

 

Less: Allowance for loan losses
(274,436
)
 

 

 
(285,801
)
 

 

Total Assets
$
16,051,081

 

 

 
$
16,362,021

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Demand deposits
$
2,424,646

 
$
1,262

 
0.21
%
 
$
2,129,407

 
$
1,868

 
0.35
%
Savings deposits
3,329,489

 
2,564

 
0.30

 
3,214,558

 
4,972

 
0.61

Time deposits
4,224,001

 
15,858

 
1.49

 
4,987,212

 
22,915

 
1.82

Total interest-bearing deposits
9,978,136

 
19,684

 
0.78

 
10,331,177

 
29,755

 
1.14

Short-term borrowings
443,337

 
151

 
0.14

 
489,013

 
267

 
0.21

FHLB advances and long-term debt
1,025,546

 
12,408

 
4.82

 
1,274,411

 
15,148

 
4.73

Total interest-bearing liabilities
11,447,019

 
32,243

 
1.12
%
 
12,094,601

 
45,170

 
1.48
%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Demand deposits
2,466,877

 

 

 
2,140,866

 

 

Other
159,430

 

 

 
198,922

 

 

Total Liabilities
14,073,326

 

 

 
14,434,389

 

 

Shareholders’ equity
1,977,755

 

 

 
1,927,632

 

 

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
$
16,051,081

 

 

 
$
16,362,021

 

 

Net interest income/net interest margin (FTE)
 
 
145,488

 
3.93
%
 
 
 
144,060

 
3.81
%
Tax equivalent adjustment
 
 
(3,995
)
 
 
 
 
 
(3,874
)
 
 
Net interest income
 
 
$
141,493

 
 
 
 
 
$
140,186

 
 
(1)
Includes dividends earned on equity securities.
(2)
Includes non-performing loans.
(3)
Balances include amortized historical cost for available for sale securities; the related unrealized holding gains (losses) are included in other assets.

35

The following table summarizes the changes in FTE interest income and interest expense due to changes in average balances (volume) and changes in rates:
 
2011 vs. 2010
Increase (decrease) due
to change in
 
Volume
 
Rate
 
Net
 
(in thousands)
Interest income on:
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, net of unearned income
$
(909
)
 
$
(7,400
)
 
$
(8,309
)
Taxable investment securities
(1,534
)
 
(663
)
 
(2,197
)
Tax-exempt investment securities
(279
)
 
(226
)
 
(505
)
Equity securities
(81
)
 
98

 
17

Loans held for sale
(467
)
 
(27
)
 
(494
)
Other interest-earning assets
6

 
(17
)
 
(11
)
Total interest income
$
(3,264
)
 
$
(8,235
)
 
$
(11,499
)
Interest expense on:
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits
$
228

 
$
(834
)
 
$
(606
)
Savings deposits
174

 
(2,582
)
 
(2,408
)
Time deposits
(3,215
)
 
(3,842
)
 
(7,057
)
Short-term borrowings
(25
)
 
(91
)
 
(116
)
FHLB advances and long-term debt
(3,030
)
 
290

 
(2,740
)
Total interest expense
$
(5,868
)
 
$
(7,059
)
 
$
(12,927
)
FTE interest income decreased $11.5 million, or 6.1%. A 21 basis point, or 4.2%, decrease in average yields resulted in an $8.2 million decrease in interest income. The remaining $3.3 million decrease was due to a $293.3 million, or 2.0%, decrease in average interest-earning assets.
Average loans, by type, are summarized in the following table:
 
Three months ended
September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate – commercial mortgage
$
4,461,646

 
$
4,341,685

 
$
119,961

 
2.8
 %
Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
3,691,516

 
3,671,128

 
20,388

 
0.6

Real estate – home equity
1,628,822

 
1,643,615

 
(14,793
)
 
(0.9
)
Real estate – residential mortgage
1,037,968

 
998,165

 
39,803

 
4.0

Real estate – construction
668,464

 
868,497

 
(200,033
)
 
(23.0
)
Consumer
329,619

 
366,719

 
(37,100
)
 
(10.1
)
Leasing and other
69,509

 
68,336

 
1,173

 
1.7

Total
$
11,887,544

 
$
11,958,145

 
$
(70,601
)
 
(0.6
)%
Geographically, the $120.0 million, or 2.8%, increase in commercial mortgages was largely due to increases in the Corporation’s Pennsylvania ($120.1 million, or 5.3%) and New Jersey ($13.4 million, or 1.1%) markets, partially offset by a decrease in the Virginia ($19.2 million, or 5.5%) market.
The $39.8 million, or 4.0%, increase in residential mortgages was largely due to the Corporation’s retention in portfolio of certain 10-and 15-year fixed rate mortgages and certain adjustable rate mortgages to partially mitigate the impact of decreases in average interest-earning assets.
The $200.0 million, or 23.0%, decrease in construction loans was primarily due to efforts to reduce credit exposure in this portfolio as reductions exceeded new loan originations in recent quarters. Geographically, the decline in construction loans was in the Corporation’s Maryland ($78.4 million, or 41.3%), Virginia ($70.6 million, or 34.3%), New Jersey ($35.5 million, or 24.0%) and Pennsylvania ($22.2 million, or 7.1%) markets.
The $37.1 million, or 10.1%, decrease in consumer loans occurred throughout all of the Corporation’s markets, with $21.4 million

36

of the decrease related to direct consumer loans and $15.7 million of the decrease attributable to the indirect automobile loan portfolio.
The average yield on loans decreased 25 basis points, or 4.7%, from 5.32% in 2010 to 5.07% in 2011, despite the average prime rate remaining at 3.25% for the third quarters of both 2011 and 2010. The decrease in average yields on loans was attributable to repayments of higher-yielding loans and declining average rates on fixed and adjustable rate loans which, unlike floating rate loans, have a lagged repricing effect. In addition, approximately 14% of the floating rate portfolio is based on an index other than prime, such as the one-month London Inter-bank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, which decreased on average for the third quarter of 2011 in comparison to the third quarter of 2010.
Average investments decreased $195.0 million, or 7.0%, due largely to sales and maturities of mortgage-backed securities. Since the third quarter of 2010, proceeds from the sales and maturities of securities were not fully reinvested into the portfolio because current rates on many investment options were not attractive. The average yield on investments decreased 11 basis points, or 2.7%, from 4.03% in 2010 to 3.92% in 2011, as the reinvestment of cash flows and purchases of taxable investment securities were at yields lower than the overall portfolio yield.
Interest expense decreased $12.9 million, or 28.6%, to $32.2 million in the third quarter of 2011 from $45.2 million in the third quarter of 2010. Interest expense decreased $7.1 million due to a 36 basis point, or 24.3%, decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. Interest expense decreased an additional $5.9 million as a result of a $647.6 million, or 5.4%, decline in average interest-bearing liabilities.
Average deposits, by type, are summarized in the following table:
 
Three months ended
September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing demand
$
2,466,877

 
$
2,140,866

 
$
326,011

 
15.2
 %
Interest-bearing demand
2,424,646

 
2,129,407

 
295,239

 
13.9

Savings
3,329,489

 
3,214,558

 
114,931

 
3.6

Total demand and savings
8,221,012

 
7,484,831

 
736,181

 
9.8

Time deposits
4,224,001

 
4,987,212

 
(763,211
)
 
(15.3
)
Total deposits
$
12,445,013

 
$
12,472,043

 
$
(27,030
)
 
(0.2
)%
Total demand and savings accounts increased $736.2 million, or 9.8%. The increase in noninterest-bearing account balances was primarily due to a $251.8 million, or 16.8%, increase in business account balances due, in part, to businesses maintaining higher balances to offset service fees, as well as a migration away from the Corporation’s cash management products due to low interest rates, and a $49.7 million, or 9.3%, increase in personal account balances. The increase in interest-bearing demand and savings account balances was due to a $275.6 million, or 21.3%, increase in municipal account balances and a $122.4 million, or 3.9%, increase in personal account balances. The increase in municipal account balances was largely due to attractive interest rates for insured deposit products relative to non-bank alternatives. The increase in personal account balances was largely due to customers’ migration away from certificates of deposit.

The decrease in time deposits was almost entirely due to customer certificates of deposit, which decreased $757.4 million, or 15.2%, with the remaining $5.8 million decrease in brokered certificates of deposit. The decrease in customer certificates of deposit was in accounts with original maturity terms of less than two years ($641.1 million, or 21.1%) and jumbo certificates of deposit ($160.6 million, or 42.5%). As noted above, the decrease in customer certificates of deposit was due to customers migrating funds to interest-bearing savings and demand accounts in the current low interest rate environment, as well as the Corporation not competing aggressively for time deposit balances.
The average cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 36 basis points, or 31.6%, from 1.14% in 2010 to 0.78% in 2011 due to a reduction in rates paid on all categories of deposits, and the repricing of time deposits to lower rates. From October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2011, approximately $3.9 billion of time deposits matured at a weighted average rate of 1.32%, while approximately $3.5 billion of time deposits were issued at a weighted average rate of 0.75%.

37

The following table summarizes changes in average short-term and long-term borrowings, by type:
 
Three months ended
September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Short-term borrowings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer repurchase agreements
$
206,824

 
$
257,510

 
$
(50,686
)
 
(19.7
)%
Customer short-term promissory notes
170,790

 
203,158

 
(32,368
)
 
(15.9
)%
Total short-term customer funding
377,614

 
460,668

 
(83,054
)
 
(18.0
)%
Federal funds purchased and other
65,723

 
28,345

 
37,378

 
131.9
 %
Total short-term borrowings
443,337

 
489,013

 
(45,676
)
 
(9.3
)%
Long-term debt:

 

 

 

FHLB advances
641,726

 
891,081

 
(249,355
)
 
(28.0
)%
Other long-term debt
383,820

 
383,330

 
490

 
0.1
 %
Total long-term debt
1,025,546

 
1,274,411

 
(248,865
)
 
(19.5
)%
Total
$
1,468,883

 
$
1,763,424

 
$
(294,541
)
 
(16.7
)%
The $83.1 million, or 18.0%, decrease in short-term customer funding was primarily due to customers transferring funds from the cash management program to deposit products due to the low interest rate environment. The $249.4 million decrease in Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances was due to maturities, which were not replaced with new advances.

38


Provision for Credit Losses and Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses:
 
Three months ended
September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
(dollars in thousands)
Loans, net of unearned income outstanding at end of period
$
11,895,655

 
$
11,950,618

Daily average balance of loans, net of unearned income
$
11,887,544

 
$
11,958,145

 
 
 
 
Balance of allowance for credit losses at beginning of period
$
268,633

 
$
280,377

Loans charged off:

 

Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
14,840

 
6,601

Real estate – construction
8,535

 
23,139

Real estate – commercial mortgage
5,730

 
4,262

Consumer and home equity
1,792

 
3,254

Real estate – residential mortgage
1,514

 
751

Leasing and other
486

 
790

Total loans charged off
32,897

 
38,797

Recoveries of loans previously charged off:
 
 
 
Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
695

 
2,088

Real estate – construction
595

 
189

Real estate – commercial mortgage
249

 
571

Consumer and home equity
314

 
246

Real estate – residential mortgage
36

 
3

Leasing and other
192

 
197

Total recoveries
2,081

 
3,294

Net loans charged off
30,816

 
35,503

Provision for credit losses
31,000

 
40,000

Balance of allowance for credit losses at end of period
$
268,817

 
$
284,874

Components of the Allowance for Credit Losses:

 

Allowance for loan losses
$
266,978

 
$
281,724

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
1,839

 
3,150

Allowance for credit losses
$
268,817

 
$
284,874

Selected Ratios:

 

Net charge-offs to average loans (annualized)
1.04
%
 
1.19
%
Allowance for credit losses to loans outstanding
2.26
%
 
2.38
%
The provision for credit losses was $31.0 million for the third quarter of 2011, a decrease of $9.0 million, or 22.5%, from the third quarter of 2010. The decrease in the provision for credit losses was due to the continuing improvement in the Corporation’s credit quality metrics, including a reduction in the level of non-performing assets and overall delinquency.
Net charge-offs decreased $4.7 million, or 13.2%, to $30.8 million for the third quarter of 2011 compared to $35.5 million for the third quarter of 2010. The decrease in net charge-offs was due to decreases in construction loan net charge-offs ($15.0 million, or 65.4%) and consumer and home equity loan net charge-offs ($1.5 million, or 50.9%), partially offset by increases in commercial loan net charge-offs ($9.6 million, or 213.4%) and commercial mortgage net charge-offs ($1.8 million, or 48.5%).
Of the $30.8 million of net charge-offs recorded in the third quarter of 2011, 37.5% were for loans originated by the Corporation’s banks in Pennsylvania, 21.6% in Virginia, 29.9% in New Jersey and 10.2% in Maryland. Charge-offs for the third quarter of 2011 included five individual charge-offs of $1.0 million or greater, totaling $6.6 million, of which $3.6 million were construction loans and $3.0 million were commercial loans.


39


The following table summarizes the Corporation’s non-performing assets as of the indicated dates:
 
September 30,
2011
 
September 30,
2010
 
December 31,
2010
 
(dollars in thousands)
Non-accrual loans
$
269,176

 
$
284,408

 
$
280,688

Loans 90 days past due and accruing
41,427

 
58,164

 
48,084

Total non-performing loans
310,603

 
342,572

 
328,772

Other real estate owned (OREO)
37,399

 
30,195

 
32,959

Total non-performing assets
$
348,002

 
$
372,767

 
$
361,731

Non-accrual loans to total loans
2.26
%
 
2.38
%
 
2.35
%
Non-performing assets to total assets
2.14
%
 
2.28
%
 
2.22
%
Allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans
86.55
%
 
83.16
%
 
83.80
%
Non-performing assets to tangible common shareholders’ equity and allowance for credit losses
20.37
%
 
23.12
%
 
22.50
%
The following table summarizes the Corporation’s non-performing loans, by type, as of the indicated dates:
 
September 30,
2011
 
September 30,
2010
 
December 31,
2010
 
(in thousands)
Real estate – commercial mortgage
$
102,928

 
$
100,286

 
$
93,720

Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
92,385

 
85,103

 
87,455

Real estate – construction
52,381

 
91,591

 
84,616

Real estate – residential mortgage
48,086

 
52,038

 
50,412

Real estate – home equity
12,097

 
11,272

 
10,188

Consumer
2,614

 
1,882

 
2,154

Leasing
112

 
400

 
227

Total non-performing loans
$
310,603

 
$
342,572

 
$
328,772

Non-performing loans decreased to $310.6 million at September 30, 2011, from $342.6 million at September 30, 2010. The $32.0 million, or 9.3%, decrease was due to a $39.2 million, or 42.8%, decrease in non-performing construction loans and a $4.0 million, or 7.6%, decrease in non-performing residential mortgages, partially offset by a $7.3 million, or 8.6%, increase in non-performing commercial loans and a $2.6 million, or 2.6%, increase in non-performing commercial mortgages.
From 2008 to 2010, the Corporation experienced significant increases in non-performing construction loans and commercial mortgages as a result of weak economic conditions. The Corporation continues to reduce its exposure to residential housing development construction loans. The $39.2 million decrease in non-performing construction loans was primarily due to $43.3 million of charge-offs recorded since September 30, 2010, partially offset by additions to non-performing construction loans. Geographically, the decrease in non-performing construction loans was primarily in the Corporation’s Maryland ($21.6 million, or 59.7%), Virginia ($12.2 million, or 41.0%) and Pennsylvania ($3.9 million, or 40.9%) markets.
The $7.3 million increase in non-performing commercial loans was primarily due to a $12.7 million, or 29.0%, increase in the Corporation’s Pennsylvania market, partially offset by decreases in the New Jersey ($3.7 million, or 20.6%) and Virginia ($2.4 million, or 19.4%) markets.

40

The following table presents accruing loans whose terms have been modified under troubled debt restructurings (TDRs), by type, as of the indicated dates:
 
September 30,
2011
 
September 30,
2010
 
December 31,
2010
 
(in thousands)
Real estate – residential mortgage
$
36,113

 
$
35,380

 
$
37,826

Real estate – commercial mortgage
23,419

 
17,992

 
18,778

Real estate – construction
5,871

 
5,746

 
5,440

Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
2,229

 
3,965

 
5,502

Consumer and home equity
194

 
264

 
263

Total accruing TDRs
$
67,826

 
$
63,347

 
$
67,809

The following table summarizes the Corporation’s OREO, by property type, as of the indicated dates:
 
September 30,
2011
 
September 30,
2010
 
December 31,
2010
 
(in thousands)
Commercial properties
$
18,353

 
$
13,999

 
$
15,916

Residential properties
13,997

 
13,591

 
12,635

Undeveloped land
5,049

 
2,605

 
4,408

Total OREO
$
37,399

 
$
30,195

 
$
32,959

The following table summarizes loan delinquency rates, by type, as of September 30:
 
2011

2010
 
31-89
Days
 
> 90
Days (1)
 
Total
 
31-89
Days
 
> 90
Days (1)
 
Total
Real estate – commercial mortgage
0.84
%
 
2.29
%
 
3.13
%
 
0.56
%
 
2.31
%
 
2.87
%
Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
0.57
%
 
2.50
%
 
3.07
%
 
0.77
%
 
2.31
%
 
3.08
%
Real estate – construction
1.28
%
 
8.08
%
 
9.36
%
 
1.04
%
 
10.98
%
 
12.02
%
Real estate – residential mortgage
3.02
%
 
4.62
%
 
7.64
%
 
3.92
%
 
5.20
%
 
9.12
%
Real estate – home equity
0.74
%
 
0.74
%
 
1.48
%
 
0.74
%
 
0.68
%
 
1.42
%
Consumer, leasing and other
1.71
%
 
0.69
%
 
2.40
%
 
1.42
%
 
0.53
%
 
1.95
%
Total
0.99
%
 
2.61
%
 
3.60
%
 
1.00
%
 
2.86
%
 
3.86
%
Total non-performing loans
$
117,211

 
$
310,603

 
$
427,814

 
$
119,099

 
$
342,571

 
$
461,670

 
(1)
Includes non-accrual loans.
The Corporation believes that the allowance for credit losses of $268.8 million as of September 30, 2011 is sufficient to cover losses inherent in both the loan portfolio and the unfunded lending commitments as of that date and is appropriate based on applicable accounting standards.


41

Other Income
The following table presents the components of other income:
 
Three months ended
September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Overdraft fees
$
8,388

 
$
8,825

 
$
(437
)
 
(5.0
)%
Cash management fees
2,806

 
2,518

 
288

 
11.4

Other
3,970

 
3,409

 
561

 
16.5

Service charges on deposit accounts
15,164

 
14,752

 
412

 
2.8

Debit card income
4,538

 
4,047

 
491

 
12.1

Merchant fees
2,461

 
2,247

 
214

 
9.5

Foreign currency processing income
2,441

 
2,069

 
372

 
18.0

Letter of credit fees
1,307

 
1,357

 
(50
)
 
(3.7
)
Other
1,760

 
1,820

 
(60
)
 
(3.3
)
Other service charges and fees
12,507

 
11,540

 
967

 
8.4

Investment management and trust services
8,914

 
8,604

 
310

 
3.6

Mortgage banking income
7,942

 
12,399

 
(4,457
)
 
(35.9
)
Credit card income
1,778

 
1,591

 
187

 
11.8

Gains on sales of OREO
722

 
381

 
341

 
89.5

Other
2,277

 
1,905

 
372

 
19.5

Total, excluding investment securities gains (losses)
49,304

 
51,172

 
(1,868
)
 
(3.7
)
Investment securities gains (losses)
(443
)
 
1,826

 
(2,269
)
 
(124.3
)
Total
$
48,861

 
$
52,998

 
$
(4,137
)
 
(7.8
)%
The $437,000, or 5%, decrease in overdraft fees was primarily a result of changes in regulations that took effect in August 2010, which require customers to affirmatively consent to the payment of certain types of overdrafts. Other service charges on deposit accounts increased $562,000, or 16.5%, due to an increase in demand and savings account balances and partially as a result of the implementation of fee structure changes for certain products that occurred throughout 2011.
Increases in debit card income ($491,000, or 12.1%), merchant fees ($214,000, or 9.5%) and foreign currency processing revenues ($372,000, or 18.0%) were all due to higher transaction volumes.
The Federal Reserve recently issued revised pricing rules which established the maximum interchange fee an issuer can receive or charge on certain debit card transactions which became effective on October 1, 2011, as required under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”). Had the revised pricing guidelines been in effect on July 1, 2011, the $4.5 million of debit card income earned by the Corporation during the third quarter of 2011 would have been approximately one-half less.
Mortgage banking income decreased $4.5 million, or 35.9%. During the third quarter of 2010, the Corporation recorded $3.3 million of mortgage sale gains resulting from the change in its methodology for determining the fair value of its commitments to originate fixed-rate residential mortgage loans for sale, also referred to as interest rate locks. Adjusting for the impact of this change, mortgage banking income decreased $2.8 million, or 26.0%, which was due to a $255.7 million, or 32.5%, decrease in volumes, partially offset by a slight increase in pricing spreads.
Gains on sales of OREO increased $341,000, or 89.5%. Combined with net losses on sales of OREO of $459,000, recorded within other expenses, net gains on sales were $263,000, compared to a net loss of $193,000 for the third quarter of 2010. The increase in net gains on sales of OREO was due primarily to larger gains on properties sold and partially due to an increase in the volume of properties sold.
The $443,000 of investment securities losses for the third quarter of 2011 included $146,000 of net gains on the sales of securities which were more than offset by $589,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges. During the third quarter of 2011, the Corporation recorded $292,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges for auction rate securities, $53,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges for pooled trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions and $244,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges related to stocks of financial institutions. See Note C, “Investment Securities,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

42

Investment securities gains of $1.8 million for the third quarter of 2010 included $4.6 million of net gains on the sales of securities partially offset by $2.8 million of other-than-temporary impairment charges. During the third quarter of 2010, the Corporation recorded $2.3 million of other-than-temporary impairment charges for pooled trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions and $480,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges for certain stocks of financial institutions. The $4.6 million of net gains on the sale of securities were primarily due to the sales of collateralized mortgage obligations.
Other Expenses
The following table presents the components of other expenses:
 
Three months ended
September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits
$
58,948


$
54,533


$
4,415


8.1
%
Net occupancy expense
10,790


10,519


271


2.6

FDIC insurance expense
3,732


4,709


(977
)

(20.7
)
Data processing
3,473


3,187


286


9.0

Professional fees
3,247


3,040


207


6.8

OREO and repossession expense
3,270


2,620


650


24.8

Equipment expense
3,032


2,956


76


2.6

Software
2,142


2,039


103


5.1

Telecommunications
1,996


2,084


(88
)

(4.2
)
Marketing
1,923


2,601


(678
)

(26.1
)
Postage
1,305


1,312


(7
)

(0.5
)
Supplies
1,262


1,347


(85
)

(6.3
)
Intangible amortization
953


1,293


(340
)

(26.3
)
Other
10,516


10,471


45


0.4

Total
$
106,589


$
102,711


$
3,878


3.8
%
Salaries and employee benefits increased $4.4 million, or 8.1%, with salaries increasing $4.1 million, or 8.9%, and employee benefits increasing $365,000, or 4.1%. The increase in salaries was primarily due to normal merit increases, a $1.5 million increase in stock-based compensation expense and a $688,000 increase in incentive compensation. The increase in employee benefits was primarily due to an increase in healthcare costs.
The $977,000, or 20.7%, decrease in FDIC insurance expense was largely due to a change in the assessment base, which, effective April 1, 2011, was based on total average assets minus average tangible equity, compared to average domestic deposits for the third quarter of 2010.
OREO and repossession expense increased $650,000, or 24.8%. OREO and repossession expense is expected to be volatile as the Corporation continues to work through repossessed real estate. The $678,000, or 26.1%, decrease in marketing expense was primarily due to Corporation's efforts to control discretionary spending and the timing of promotional campaigns. Intangible amortization decreased $340,000, or 26.3%, due to certain core deposit intangible assets becoming fully amortized during the third quarter of 2011.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense for the third quarter of 2011 was $13.4 million, a $648,000, or 5.1%, increase from $12.8 million for the third quarter of 2010. The increase was primarily due to the increase in income before income taxes.
The Corporation’s effective tax rate was 25.5% in 2011, as compared to 25.3% in 2010. The effective rate is generally lower than the Federal statutory rate of 35% due to investments in tax-free municipal securities and Federal tax credits earned from investments in low-and moderate-income housing partnerships.


43

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2010
Net Interest Income
FTE net interest income increased $4.1 million, or 1.0%, from $429.5 million in the first nine months of 2010 to $433.7 million in the first nine months of 2011. This was the result of an increase in the net interest margin, offset by a decrease in average interest-earning assets.
Net interest margin increased 14 basis points, or 3.7%, from 3.79% for the first nine months of 2010 to 3.93% for the first nine months of 2011. The increase in net interest margin was a result of a 42 basis point, or 26.3%, decrease in funding costs, partially offset by a 21 basis point, or 4.1%, decrease in yields on interest-earning assets.


44

The following table provides a comparative average balance sheet and net interest income analysis for the first nine months of 2011 as compared to the same period in 2010. Interest income and yields are presented on an FTE basis, using a 35% Federal tax rate and statutory interest expense disallowances. The discussion following this table is based on these FTE amounts. All dollar amounts are in thousands.
 
Nine months ended September 30
 
2011
 
2010
ASSETS
Average
Balance
 
Interest (1)
 
Yield/
Rate
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest (1)
 
Yield/
Rate
Interest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, net of unearned income (2)
$
11,897,211

 
$
455,476

 
5.12
%
 
$
11,962,986

 
$
479,181

 
5.35
%
Taxable investment securities (3)
2,204,409

 
62,722

 
3.79

 
2,449,856

 
75,658

 
4.12

Tax-exempt investment securities (3)
337,627

 
14,181

 
5.60

 
362,656

 
15,644

 
5.75

Equity securities (3)
128,635

 
2,304

 
2.39

 
140,376

 
2,302

 
2.19

Total investment securities
2,670,671

 
79,207

 
3.96

 
2,952,888

 
93,604

 
4.23

Loans held for sale
39,917

 
1,417

 
4.73

 
60,535

 
2,142

 
4.72

Other interest-earning assets
149,910

 
225

 
0.20

 
194,575

 
358

 
0.25

Total interest-earning assets
14,757,709

 
536,325

 
4.86
%
 
15,170,984

 
575,285

 
5.07
%
Noninterest-earning assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks
271,674

 

 

 
268,567

 

 

Premises and equipment
206,856

 

 

 
203,838

 

 

Other assets
1,102,608

 

 

 
1,107,733

 

 

Less: Allowance for loan losses
(276,654
)
 

 

 
(278,190
)
 

 

Total Assets
$
16,062,193

 

 

 
$
16,472,932

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Demand deposits
$
2,366,944

 
$
4,069

 
0.23
%
 
$
2,044,096

 
$
5,548

 
0.36
%
Savings deposits
3,323,050

 
9,180

 
0.37

 
3,052,292

 
15,561

 
0.68

Time deposits
4,368,831

 
51,496

 
1.58

 
5,102,822

 
74,203

 
1.94

Total interest-bearing deposits
10,058,825

 
64,745

 
0.86

 
10,199,210

 
95,312

 
1.25

Short-term borrowings
506,620

 
573

 
0.15

 
623,123

 
1,206

 
0.26

FHLB advances and long-term debt
1,037,437

 
37,346

 
4.81

 
1,386,583

 
49,253

 
4.74

Total interest-bearing liabilities
11,602,882

 
102,664

 
1.18
%
 
12,208,916

 
145,771

 
1.60
%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Demand deposits
2,356,735

 

 

 
2,065,176

 

 

Other
164,144

 

 

 
193,144

 

 

Total Liabilities
14,123,761

 

 

 
14,467,236

 

 

Shareholders’ equity
1,938,432

 

 

 
2,005,696

 

 

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
$
16,062,193

 

 

 
$
16,472,932

 

 

Net interest income/net interest margin (FTE)

 
433,661

 
3.93
%
 

 
429,514

 
3.79
%
Tax equivalent adjustment

 
(11,960
)
 

 

 
(11,661
)
 

Net interest income

 
$
421,701

 

 

 
$
417,853

 

 
(1)
Includes dividends earned on equity securities.
(2)
Includes non-performing loans.
(3)
Balances include amortized historical cost for available for sale securities. The related unrealized holding gains (losses) are included in other assets.

45


The following table summarizes the changes in FTE interest income and expense for the first nine months of 2011 due to changes in average balances (volume) and changes in rates:
 
2011 vs. 2010
Increase (decrease) due
to change in
 
Volume
 
Rate
 
Net
 
(in thousands)
Interest income on:
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, net of unearned income
$
(2,720
)
 
$
(20,985
)
 
$
(23,705
)
Taxable investment securities
(7,239
)
 
(5,697
)
 
(12,936
)
Tax-exempt investment securities
(1,058
)
 
(405
)
 
(1,463
)
Equity securities
(201
)
 
203

 
2

Loans held for sale
(433
)
 
(292
)
 
(725
)
Other interest-earning assets
(137
)
 
4

 
(133
)
Total interest income
$
(11,788
)
 
$
(27,172
)
 
$
(38,960
)
Interest expense on:
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits
$
779

 
$
(2,258
)
 
$
(1,479
)
Savings deposits
1,278

 
(7,659
)
 
(6,381
)
Time deposits
(9,801
)
 
(12,906
)
 
(22,707
)
Short-term borrowings
(27
)
 
(606
)
 
(633
)
FHLB advances and long-term debt
(3,690
)
 
(8,217
)
 
(11,907
)
Total interest expense
$
(11,461
)
 
$
(31,646
)
 
$
(43,107
)
Interest income decreased $39.0 million, or 6.8%. A 21 basis point, or 4.1%, decrease in average yields resulted in an $27.2 million decrease in interest income. The remaining $11.8 million decrease was due to a $413.3 million, or 2.7%, decrease in average interest-earning assets.
Average loans, by type, are summarized in the following table:
 
Nine months ended September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate – commercial mortgage
$
4,425,867

 
$
4,322,628

 
$
103,239

 
2.4
 %
Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
3,696,101

 
3,681,270

 
14,831

 
0.4

Real estate – home equity
1,626,937

 
1,640,939

 
(14,002
)
 
(0.9
)
Real estate – residential mortgage
1,026,367

 
970,526

 
55,841

 
5.8

Real estate – construction
719,812

 
913,159

 
(193,347
)
 
(21.2
)
Consumer
334,565

 
363,953

 
(29,388
)
 
(8.1
)
Leasing and other
67,562

 
70,511

 
(2,949
)
 
(4.2
)
Total
$
11,897,211

 
$
11,962,986

 
$
(65,775
)
 
(0.5
)%
Geographically, the $103.2 million, or 2.4%, increase in commercial mortgages was primarily attributable to the Corporation’s Pennsylvania ($84.7 million, or 3.8%) and New Jersey ($13.5 million, or 1.1%) markets.
The $55.8 million, or 5.8%, increase in residential mortgages was largely due to the Corporation’s retention in portfolio of certain 10-and 15-year fixed rate mortgages and certain adjustable rate mortgages to partially mitigate the impact of decreases in average interest-earning assets.

The $193.3 million, or 21.2%, decrease in construction loans was primarily due to efforts to decrease credit exposure in this portfolio. Geographically, the decline was attributable to the Maryland ($86.4 million, or 40.4%), Virginia ($70.4 million, or 31.4%) and New Jersey ($43.5 million, or 26.9%) markets.
The $29.4 million, or 8.1%, decrease in consumer loans occurred throughout most of the Corporation’s markets, with $17.6 million

46

of the decrease related to direct consumer loans and $11.8 million of the decrease attributable to the indirect automobile loan portfolio.
The average yield on loans decreased 23 basis points, or 4.3%, from 5.35% in 2010 to 5.12% in 2011, despite the average prime rate remaining at 3.25% for the first nine months of both 2011 and 2010. The decrease in average yields on loans was attributable to repayments of higher-yielding loans and declining average rates on fixed and adjustable rate loans which, unlike floating rate loans, have a lagged repricing effect. In addition, approximately 14% of the floating rate portfolio is based on an index other than prime, such as the one-month LIBOR, which decreased on average for the first nine months of 2011 in comparison the first nine months of 2010.
Average investments decreased $282.2 million, or 9.6%, due largely to sales and maturities of mortgage-backed securities in addition to maturities of other debt securities. During the first nine months of 2011, proceeds from the sales and maturities of securities were not fully reinvested into the portfolio because current rates on many investment options were not attractive. The average yield on investments decreased 27 basis points, or 6.4%, from 4.23% in 2010 to 3.96% in 2011, as the reinvestment of cash flows of taxable investment securities were at yields lower than the overall portfolio yield.
Interest expense decreased $43.1 million, or 29.6%, to $102.7 million in the first nine months of 2011 from $145.8 million in the first nine months of 2010. Interest expense decreased $31.6 million as a result of a 42 basis point, or 26.3%, decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. Interest expense decreased an additional $11.5 million as a result of a $606.0 million, or 5.0%, decline in average interest-bearing liabilities.
The following table summarizes the changes in average deposits, by type:
 
Nine months ended
September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011

2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing demand
$
2,356,735

 
$
2,065,176

 
$
291,559

 
14.1
%
Interest-bearing demand
2,366,944

 
2,044,096

 
322,848

 
15.8

Savings
3,323,050

 
3,052,292

 
270,758

 
8.9

Total demand and savings
8,046,729

 
7,161,564

 
885,165

 
12.4

Time deposits
4,368,831

 
5,102,822

 
(733,991
)
 
(14.4
)
Total deposits
$
12,415,560

 
$
12,264,386

 
$
151,174

 
1.2
%
The $291.6 million, or 14.1%, increase in noninterest-bearing accounts was primarily due to a $230.4 million, or 16.1%, increase in business account balances due, in part, to businesses maintaining higher balances to offset service fees, as well as a migration away from the Corporation’s cash management products due to low interest rates, and a $43.0 million, or 8.0%, increase in personal account balances. The $593.6 million, or 11.6%, increase in interest-bearing demand and savings accounts was due to a $353.2 million, or 31.2%, increase in municipal account balances and a $262.2 million, or 8.6%, increase in personal account balances. The increase in municipal account balances was largely due to attractive interest rates for insured deposit products relative to non-bank alternatives. The increase in personal accounts was largely due to migration away from time deposits to non-maturing deposits as well as the Corporation’s promotional efforts with a focus on building customer relationships.
The decrease in time deposits was almost entirely due to customer certificates of deposit, which decreased $727.3 million, or 14.4%, with the remaining $6.7 million decrease occuring in brokered certificates of deposit.

The decrease in customer certificates of deposit was in accounts with original maturity terms of less than two years ($749.6 million, or 23.0%), and jumbo certificates of deposit ($170.5 million, or 42.8%), partially offset by an increase in account balances with original maturity terms greater than two years ($208.9 million, or 24.4%). As noted above, the decrease in customer certificates of deposit was due to customers migrating funds to interest-bearing savings and demand accounts in the current low rate environment as well as the Corporation not competing aggressively for time deposit balances.
The average cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 39 basis points, or 31.2%, from 1.25% in 2010 to 0.86% in 2011 due to a reduction in rates paid on all categories of deposits and the repricing of certificates of deposit to lower rates.

47

The following table summarizes changes in average short-term and long-term borrowings, by type:
 
Nine months ended September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Short-term borrowings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer repurchase agreements
$
212,449

 
$
256,706

 
$
(44,257
)
 
(17.2
)%
Customer short-term promissory notes
177,639

 
211,158

 
(33,519
)
 
(15.9
)
Total short-term customer funding
390,088

 
467,864

 
(77,776
)
 
(16.6
)
Federal funds purchased and other
116,532

 
155,259

 
(38,727
)
 
(24.9
)
Total short-term borrowings
506,620

 
623,123

 
(116,503
)
 
(18.7
)
Long-term debt:

 

 

 

FHLB advances
653,696

 
1,003,267

 
(349,571
)
 
(34.8
)
Other long-term debt
383,741

 
383,316

 
425

 
0.1

Total long-term debt
1,037,437

 
1,386,583

 
(349,146
)
 
(25.2
)
Total
$
1,544,057

 
$
2,009,706

 
$
(465,649
)
 
(23.2
)%

The $77.8 million decrease in short-term customer funding resulted from customers transferring funds from the cash management program to deposit products due to the low interest rate environment. The decrease in Federal funds purchased and other short-term borrowings was due to increases in non-interest and interest bearing demand and savings accounts, combined with the decreases in investments and loans, the result of which was a reduced funding need for the Corporation. The $349.6 million decrease in FHLB advances was due to maturities, which were generally not replaced with new advances.


48

Provision for Loan Losses and Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses:
 
Nine months ended September 30
 
2011
 
2010
 
(dollars in thousands)
Loans, net of unearned income outstanding at end of period
$
11,895,655

 
$
11,950,618

Daily average balance of loans, net of unearned income
$
11,897,211

 
$
11,962,986

 
 
 
 
Balance of allowance for credit losses at beginning of period
$
275,498

 
$
257,553

Loans charged off:

 

Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
43,582

 
22,972

Real estate – construction
29,897

 
52,991

Real estate – commercial mortgage
22,851

 
10,521

Real estate – residential mortgage
14,217

 
4,022

Consumer and home equity
6,882

 
7,770

Leasing and other
1,672

 
2,045

Total loans charged off
119,101

 
100,321

Recoveries of loans previously charged off:

 

Commercial – industrial, agricultural and financial
2,089

 
3,681

Real estate – construction
1,237

 
1,085

Real estate – commercial mortgage
1,975

 
856

Real estate – residential mortgage
270

 
7

Consumer and home equity
1,059

 
1,286

Leasing and other
790

 
727

Total recoveries
7,420

 
7,642

Net loans charged off
111,681

 
92,679

Provision for loan losses
105,000

 
120,000

Balance of allowance for credit losses at end of period
$
268,817

 
$
284,874

 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs to average loans (annualized)
1.25
%
 
1.03
%
The provision for loan losses was $105.0 million for the first nine months of 2011, a decrease of $15.0 million, or 12.5%, from the same period in 2010. The decrease in the provision for credit losses was due to the continuing improvement in the Corporation’s credit quality metrics, including a reduction in the level of non-performing assets and overall delinquency.
Net charge-offs increased $19.0 million, or 20.5%, to $111.7 million for the first nine months of 2011 compared to $92.7 million for the first nine months of 2010. Annualized net charge-offs to average loans increased 22 basis points, or 21.4%, to 1.25% for the first nine months of 2011. The $19.0 million increase in net charge-offs was primarily due to increases in commercial loan net charge-offs ($22.2 million, or 115.1%), commercial mortgage net charge-offs ($11.2 million, or 116.0%) and residential mortgage net charge-offs ($9.9 million, 247.4%), partially offset by a decrease in construction loan net charge-offs ($23.2 million, or 44.8%).
Of the $111.7 million of net charge-offs recorded in the first nine months of 2011, 30.9% were in New Jersey, 26.1% were in Pennsylvania, 24.0% were in Virginia and 17.1% were in Maryland. During the first nine months of 2011, there were 18 individual charge-offs of $1.0 million or greater, totaling $35.8 million, of which $19.1 million were commercial loans, $9.9 million were construction loans, $5.5 million were commercial mortgages and $1.3 million was for a residential mortgage.


49

Other Income
The following table presents the components of other income:
 
Nine months ended September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Overdraft fees
$
23,988

 
$
27,327

 
$
(3,339
)
 
(12.2
)%
Cash management fees
7,933

 
7,309

 
624

 
8.5

Other
10,880

 
9,865

 
1,015

 
10.3

Service charges on deposit accounts
42,801

 
44,501

 
(1,700
)
 
(3.8
)
Debit card income
13,352

 
11,666

 
1,686

 
14.5

Merchant fees
7,124

 
6,194

 
930

 
15.0

Foreign currency processing income
7,012

 
5,971

 
1,041

 
17.4

Letter of credit fees
3,833

 
4,059

 
(226
)
 
(5.6
)
Other
5,377

 
5,284

 
93

 
1.8

Other service charges and fees
36,698

 
33,174

 
3,524

 
10.6

Investment management and trust services
27,756

 
25,347

 
2,409

 
9.5

Mortgage banking income
19,454

 
20,447

 
(993
)
 
(4.9
)
Credit card income
5,200

 
4,484

 
716

 
16.0

Gains on sales of OREO
3,014

 
1,607

 
1,407

 
87.6

Other
5,963

 
6,103

 
(140
)
 
(2.3
)
Total, excluding investment securities gains
140,886

 
135,663

 
5,223

 
3.8

Investment securities gains
1,507

 
507

 
1,000

 
197.2

Total
$
142,393

 
$
136,170

 
$
6,223

 
4.6
 %
The $3.3 million, or 12.2%, decrease in overdraft fees was a result of changes in regulations that took effect in August 2010, which require customers to affirmatively consent to the payment of certain types of overdrafts. The $624,000, or 8.5%, increase in cash management fees was primarily due to an increase in certain fees which were implemented throughout 2011. The $1.0 million, or 10.3%, increase in other service charges on deposits was primarily due to an increase in demand and savings account balances and the number of accounts, and partially a result of the implementation of fee structure changes for certain products that occurred throughout 2011.
Increases in debit card income ($1.7 million, or 14.5%), merchant fees ($930,000, or 15.0%), and foreign currency processing revenues ($1.0 million, or 17.4%) all resulted from higher transaction volumes.
The $2.4 million, or 9.5%, increase in investment management and trust services income was due to a $1.5 million, or 15.9%, increase in brokerage revenue and an $877,000, or 6.2%, increase in trust commissions. These increases resulted from the Corporation’s expanded focus on generating recurring revenues in the brokerage business, increased sales of new trust business, and an improvement in the market value of existing assets under management.
Mortgage banking income decreased $993,000, or 4.9%. During the third quarter of 2010, the Corporation recorded $3.3 million of mortgage sale gains resulting from the change in its methodology for determining the fair value of its commitments to originate fixed-rate residential mortgage loans for sale, also referred to as interest rate locks. Adjusting for the impact of this change, gains on sold mortgage loans increased $458,000, or 2.4%.
The $716,000, or 16.0%, increase in credit card income was due to an increase in new card applications and an increase in the volume of transactions on credit cards previously originated, which generate fees under a joint marketing agreement with an independent third-party.
Gains on sales of OREO increased $1.4 million, or 87.6%, from $1.6 million in 2010 to $3.0 million in 2011. Combined with net losses on sales of OREO of $1.2 million, recorded within other expenses, net gains on sales were $1.8 million, compared to a net gain of $26,000 for the first nine months of 2010. The increase in gains on sales of OREO was due primarily to larger gains on properties sold and partially due to a slight increase in the volume of properties sold.
Investment securities gains of $1.5 million for the first nine months of 2011 included $3.8 million of net gains on the sales of securities, partially offset by $2.3 million of other-than-temporary impairment charges. The Corporation recorded $1.4 million of

50

other-than-temporary impairment charges for pooled trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions, $575,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges for certain financial institution stocks and $292,000 of other-than-temporary impairment charges for auction rate securities.
The $507,000 of investment securities gains for the first nine months of 2010 included $11.8 million of net gains on the sales of securities, primarily collateralized mortgage obligations, partially offset by $11.3 million of other-than-temporary impairment charges.The Corporation recorded $9.5 million of other-than-temporary impairment charges for pooled trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions and $1.8 million of other-than-temporary impairment charges for certain financial institution stocks. See Note C, “Investment Securities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Other Expenses
The following table presents the components of other expenses:
 
Nine months ended
September 30
 
Increase (decrease)
 
2011
 
2010
 
$

%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits
$
169,326

 
$
161,532

 
$
7,794

 
4.8
%
Net occupancy expense
33,030

 
32,688

 
342

 
1.0

FDIC insurance expense
11,750

 
14,799

 
(3,049
)
 
(20.6
)
Data processing
10,059

 
9,915

 
144

 
1.5

Equipment expense
9,541

 
8,710

 
831

 
9.5

Professional fees
9,198

 
8,621

 
577

 
6.7

OREO and repossession expense
7,815

 
7,176

 
639

 
8.9

Marketing
6,622

 
6,702

 
(80
)
 
(1.2
)
Telecommunications
6,188

 
6,440

 
(252
)
 
(3.9
)
Software
6,146

 
5,359

 
787

 
14.7

Supplies
4,053

 
4,045

 
8

 
0.2

Postage
3,999

 
4,072

 
(73
)
 
(1.8
)
Intangible amortization
3,303

 
3,948

 
(645
)
 
(16.3
)
Other
29,600

 
29,831

 
(231
)
 
(0.8
)
Total
$
310,630

 
$
303,838

 
$
6,792

 
2.2
%
Salaries and employee benefits increased $7.8 million, or 4.8%, with salaries increasing $8.3 million, or 6.2%, and employee benefits decreasing $464,000, or 1.6%. The increase in salaries was primarily due to normal merit increases, a $2.2 million increase in incentive compensation and a $2.0 million increase in stock-based compensation expense. The $464,000 decrease in employee benefits was primarily due to a decrease in healthcare costs.
The $3.0 million, or 20.6%, decrease in FDIC insurance expense was due to a change in the assessment base, which, effective April 1, 2011 was based on total average assets minus average tangible equity, compared to average domestic deposits for the first nine months of 2010. In addition, the Corporation opted out of the Transaction Account Guarantee program on July 1, 2010.
The $831,000, or 9.5%, increase in equipment expense was due to higher depreciation expense, primarily related to the addition of assets supporting the Corporation’s information technology infrastructure, and increased maintenance costs. The $577,000, or 6.7%, increase in professional fees was primarily due to an increase in legal fees associated with the collection and workout efforts for non-performing loans. OREO and repossession expense increased $639,000, or 8.9%. OREO and repossession expense is expected to be volatile as the Corporation continues to work through repossessed real estate. The $787,000, or 14.7%, increase in software expense was due to increased maintenance costs, mainly due to desktop software upgrades for virtually all employees and 2011 containing nine months of expense relating to the Microsoft Enterprise License agreement which was entered into in mid-2010. The $645,000, or 16.3%, decrease in intangible amortization was primarily due to a decrease in amortization for core deposit intangible assets, which are depreciated on an accelerated basis, and partially due to certain core deposit intangible assets becoming fully amortized in the third quarter of 2011.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense for the first nine months of 2011 was $39.0 million, a $5.6 million, or 16.9%, increase from $33.3 million in 2010. The increase was primarily due to the increase in income before income taxes.

51


The Corporation’s effective tax rate was 26.2% in 2011, as compared to 25.6% in 2010. The effective rate is generally lower than the Federal statutory rate of 35% due to investments in tax-free municipal securities and Federal tax credits earned from investments in low and moderate-income housing partnerships. The effective rate for the first nine months of 2011 is higher than the same period in 2010 due to non-taxable income and tax credits having a smaller impact on the effective tax rate due to the higher level of income before income taxes.

FINANCIAL CONDITION
Total assets decreased $20.6 million, or 0.1%, in comparison to December 31, 2010 and were $16.3 billion at September 30, 2011.
Interest-bearing deposits with other banks increased $223.1 million, or 669.9%. The Corporation's interest-bearing reserve account with the Federal Reserve Bank increased at September 30, 2011 due to an investment of excess funds generated from an increase in interest-bearing deposits, combined with decreases in investments and loans.
Investment securities decreased $84.9 million, or 3.0%. During the first nine months of 2011, proceeds from the sales and maturities of collateralized mortgage obligations and mortgage-backed securities were not fully reinvested in the investment portfolio due to few attractive investment options in the current rate environment. However, at the end of the third quarter of 2011, the Corporation purchased primarily collateralized mortgage obligations for asset and liability management purposes.
The following table presents ending balances of loans outstanding, net of unearned income:
 
September 30,
2011
 
December 31,
2010
 
(in thousands)
Real-estate – commercial mortgage
$
4,491,155

 
$
4,375,980

Commercial – industrial, financial and agricultural
3,690,164

 
3,704,384

Real-estate – home equity
1,630,880

 
1,641,777

Real-estate – residential mortgage
1,041,463

 
995,990

Real-estate – construction
648,398

 
801,185

Consumer
327,054

 
350,161

Leasing and other
66,541

 
63,830

Loans, net of unearned income
$
11,895,655

 
$
11,933,307

The Corporation experienced a $37.7 million, or 0.3%, decrease in loans, net of unearned income. Approximately $5.1 billion, or 43.2%, of the Corporation’s loan portfolio was in commercial mortgage and construction loans at September 30, 2011. The Corporation did not have a concentration of credit risk with any single borrower, industry or geographical location.
Construction loans decreased $152.8 million, or 19.1%, due to paydowns on existing loans exceeding new originations. Also contributing to the decrease in loans was a $23.1 million, or 6.6%, decrease in consumer loans, a $14.2 million, or 0.4%, decrease in commercial loans and a $10.9 million, or 0.7%, decrease in home equity loans, all a by-product of continued weak demand. Offsetting these decreases was a $115.2 million, or 2.6%, increase in commercial mortgages and a $45.5 million, or 4.6%, increase in residential mortgages. Geographically, the increase in commercial mortgages was in the Corporation's Pennsylvania ($101.2 million, or 4.4%) and New Jersey ($35.7 million, or 3.0%) markets, partially offset by declines in the Corporation's Virginia ($19.8 million, or 5.7%) and Maryland ($10.5 million, or 2.6%) markets. Residential mortgages increased as certain 10-and 15-year fixed rate mortgages and certain adjustable rate mortgages are being held in portfolio rather than sold in the secondary market.
Other assets decreased $153.6 million, or 24.4%, primarily due to $142.9 million of investment security sales that had not settled as of December 31, 2010 and an $11.7 million decrease in net deferred Federal taxes, mainly a result of an increase in unrealized gains on the Corporation’s investment portfolio.
Deposits increased $249.0 million, or 2.0%, due to an increase in demand and savings deposits of $728.6 million, or 9.4%, partially offset by a decrease in time deposits of $479.6 million, or 10.4%. The increase in demand and saving accounts was mainly due to a $464.8 million, or 33.5%, increase in municipal account balances and a $256.3 million, or 10.6%, increase in business account balances.

Short-term borrowings decreased $225.1 million, or 33.4%, due to a $191.9 million, or 71.6%, decrease in Federal funds purchased and a $33.2 million, or 8.2%, decrease in short-term customer funding. The decrease in Federal funds purchased largely resulted from the Corporation’s overall liquidity position, which was enhanced by the increase in deposits and the decreases in investments

52

and loans. Long-term debt decreased $93.9 million, or 8.4%, as a result of FHLB advance maturities, which were not replaced with new borrowings.
Capital Resources
Total shareholders’ equity increased $104.3 million, or 5.5%, during the first nine months of 2011. The increase was due to $109.5 million of net income and a $15.3 million increase in holding gains on available for sale investment securities, partially offset by $28.0 million of dividends on common shares outstanding.
As a result of the continued growth in earnings, the Corporation increased its dividend to common shareholders to $0.05 per share for the third quarter of 2011, a two cent, or 66.7%, increase in comparison to the third quarter of 2010. For the first nine months of 2011, the Corporation’s $0.14 dividend per common share represented a 55.6% increase in comparison to the $0.09 dividend per common share for the same period in 2010.
The Corporation and its subsidiary banks are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by banking regulators. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain actions by regulators that could have a material effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements. The regulations require that banks maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and Tier I capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk weighted assets (as defined), and Tier I capital to average assets (as defined). As of September 30, 2011, the Corporation and each of its bank subsidiaries met the minimum requirements. In addition, each of the Corporation’s bank subsidiaries’ capital ratios exceeded the amounts required to be considered “well capitalized” as defined in the regulations.
The following table summarizes the Corporation’s capital ratios in comparison to regulatory requirements, where applicable:
 
September 30,
2011

December 31,
2010

Regulatory
Minimum
Capital
Adequacy
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
15.0
%

14.2
%

8.0
%
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
12.4
%

11.6
%

4.0
%
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets)
10.1
%

9.4
%

4.0
%
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (1)
9.1
%

8.5
%

N/A

Tangible common equity to risk weighted assets (2)
11.4
%

10.5
%

N/A

 
(1)
Ending common shareholders’ equity, net of goodwill and intangible assets, divided by ending assets, net of goodwill and intangible assets.
(2)
Ending common shareholders’ equity, net of goodwill and intangible assets, divided by risk-weighted assets.
N/A – Not applicable.
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (Basel) is a committee of central banks and bank regulators from major industrialized countries that develops broad policy guidelines for use by each country’s regulators with the purpose of ensuring that financial institutions have adequate capital given the risk levels of assets and off-balance sheet financial instruments.
In December, 2010, Basel released a framework for strengthening international capital and liquidity regulations, referred to as Basel III. Basel III includes defined minimum capital ratios, which must be met when implementation occurs on January 1, 2013. An additional “capital conservation buffer” will be phased-in beginning January 1, 2016 and, when fully phased-in three years later, the minimum ratios will be 2.5% higher. Fully phased-in capital standards under Basel III will require banks to maintain more capital than the minimum levels required under current regulatory capital standards.
The U.S. banking regulators have not yet proposed regulations implementing Basel III, but are expected to do so in the near future. As of September 30, 2011, the Corporation met the fully phased-in minimum capital ratios required for each of the capital measures included in Basel III.
Liquidity
The Corporation must maintain a sufficient level of liquid assets to meet the cash needs of its customers, who, as depositors, may want to withdraw funds or who, as borrowers, need credit availability. Liquidity is provided on a continuous basis through scheduled and unscheduled principal and interest payments on outstanding loans and investments and through the availability of deposits and borrowings. The Corporation also maintains secondary sources that provide liquidity on a secured and unsecured basis to meet short-term needs.

Each of the Corporation's subsidiary banks is a member of the FHLB and has access to FHLB overnight and term credit facilities.

53

As of September 30, 2011, the Corporation had $641.7 million of FHLB advances outstanding from the FHLB with an additional $891.9 million borrowing capacity under these facilities. Advances from the FHLB are secured by FHLB stock, qualifying residential mortgages, investments and other assets.

A combination of commercial real estate loans, commercial loans and securities are pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia to provide access to Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window borrowings. As of September 30, 2011, the Corporation had $1.4 billion of collateralized borrowing availability at the Discount Window and term auction facility, and no outstanding borrowings.
Liquidity must also be managed at the Fulton Financial Corporation parent company level. For safety and soundness reasons, banking regulations limit the amount of cash that can be transferred from subsidiary banks to the parent company in the form of loans and dividends. Generally, these limitations are based on the subsidiary banks’ regulatory capital levels and their net income. Management continues to monitor the liquidity and capital needs of the parent company and will implement appropriate strategies, as necessary, to remain adequately capitalized and to meet its cash needs.
The Corporation’s sources and uses of cash were discussed in general terms in the net interest income section of Management’s Discussion. The consolidated statements of cash flows provide additional information. The Corporation’s operating activities during the first nine months of 2011 generated $249.0 million of cash, mainly due to net income, as adjusted for non-cash expenses, most notably the provision for credit losses, and a decrease in loans held for sale. Cash flows used in investing activities were $67.0 million, due mainly to purchases of investment securities and a net increase in short-term investments exceeding proceeds from the maturities and sales of investment securities. Net cash used in financing activities was $89.1 million as a net decrease in time deposits and repayments of short-term borrowings and long-term debt exceeded cash inflows from demand and savings deposits increases.


54


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market risk is the exposure to economic loss that arises from changes in the values of certain financial instruments. The types of market risk exposures generally faced by financial institutions include interest rate risk, equity market price risk, debt security market price risk, foreign currency risk and commodity price risk. Due to the nature of its operations, only equity market price risk, debt security market price risk and interest rate risk are significant to the Corporation.
Equity Market Price Risk
Equity market price risk is the risk that changes in the values of equity investments could have a material impact on the financial position or results of operations of the Corporation. The Corporation’s equity investments consisted of $85.4 million of Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) and Federal Reserve Bank stock, $27.9 million of common stocks of publicly traded financial institutions, and $7.1 million of other equity investments. The equity investments most susceptible to equity market price risk are the financial institutions stocks, which had a cost basis of approximately $31.1 million and fair value of $27.9 million at September 30, 2011. Gross unrealized losses were $5.4 million and gross unrealized gains in this portfolio were $2.2 million.
The Corporation has evaluated whether any unrealized losses on individual equity investments constituted other-than-temporary impairment, which would require a write-down through a charge to earnings. Based on the results of such evaluations, the Corporation recorded write-downs of $244,000 and $575,000 for specific financial institution stocks that were deemed to exhibit other-than-temporary impairment in value during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. Additional impairment charges may be necessary in the future depending upon the performance of the equity markets in general and the performance of the individual investments held by the Corporation. See Note C, “Investment Securities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Management continuously monitors the fair value of its equity investments and evaluates current market conditions and operating results of the issuers. Periodic sale and purchase decisions are made based on this monitoring process. None of the Corporation’s equity securities are classified as trading. Future cash flows from these investments are not provided in the table on page 58 as such investments do not have maturity dates.
Another source of equity market price risk is the investment in FHLB stock, which the Corporation is required to own in order to borrow funds from the FHLB. As of September 30, 2011, the Corporation’s investment in FHLB stock was $66.2 million. FHLBs obtain funding primarily through the issuance of consolidated obligations of the FHLB system. The U.S. government does not guarantee these obligations, and each of the FHLB banks is, generally, jointly and severally liable for repayment of each other’s debt. The FHLB system has experienced financial stress, and some of the regional banks within the FHLB system have suspended or reduced their dividends, or eliminated the ability of members to redeem capital stock. The Corporation’s FHLB stock and its ability to obtain FHLB funds could be adversely impacted if the financial health of the FHLB system worsens.
In addition to its equity portfolio, the Corporation’s investment management and trust services income may be impacted by fluctuations in the equity markets. A portion of this revenue is based on the value of the underlying investment portfolios, many of which include equity investments. If the values of those investment portfolios decrease, whether due to factors influencing U.S. equity markets in general or otherwise, the Corporation’s revenue would be negatively impacted. In addition, the Corporation’s ability to sell its brokerage services in the future will be dependent, in part, upon consumers’ level of confidence in financial markets.

Debt Security Market Price Risk
Debt security market price risk is the risk that changes in the values of debt securities could have a material impact on the financial position or results of operations of the Corporation. The Corporation’s debt security investments consist primarily of mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations whose principal payments are guaranteed by U.S. government sponsored agencies, state and municipal securities, U.S. government sponsored agency securities, U.S. government debt securities, auction rate certificates and corporate debt securities.
Municipal Securities
As of September 30, 2011, the Corporation had $334.1 million of municipal securities issued by various municipalities in its investment portfolio. Ongoing uncertainty with respect to the financial viability of municipal insurers places much greater emphasis on the underlying strength of issuers. Continued pressure on local tax revenues of issuers due to adverse economic conditions could also have an adverse impact on the underlying credit quality of issuers. The Corporation evaluates existing and potential holdings primarily on the underlying creditworthiness of the issuing municipality and then, to a lesser extent, on the credit enhancement corresponding to the individual issuance. As of September 30, 2011, approximately 94% of municipal securities were supported by the general obligation of corresponding municipalities. In addition, approximately 72% of these securities were

55

school district issuances that are supported by the general obligation of the corresponding municipalities.
Auction Rate Certificates
The Corporation’s debt securities include investments in student loan auction rate securities, also known as auction rate certificates (ARCs), with a cost basis of $255.5 million and a fair value of $240.7 million, or 1.5% of total assets, at September 30, 2011.
ARCs are long-term securities structured to allow their sale in periodic auctions, resulting in both the treatment of ARCs as short-term instruments in normal market conditions and fair values that could be derived based on periodic auction prices. However, beginning in 2008, market auctions for these securities began to fail due to an insufficient number of buyers, resulting in an illiquid market. This illiquidity has resulted in recent market prices that represent forced liquidations or distressed sales and do not provide an accurate basis for fair value. Therefore, at September 30, 2011, the fair values of the ARCs were derived using significant unobservable inputs based on an expected cash flow model which produced fair values that were materially different from those that would be expected from settlement of these investments in the illiquid market that presently exists. The expected cash flow model produced fair values which assumed a return to market liquidity sometime within the next three years.
The credit quality of the underlying debt associated with ARCs is also a factor in the determination of their estimated fair value. As of September 30, 2011, approximately $192 million, or 80%, of the ARCs were rated above investment grade, with approximately $144 million, or 60%, AAA rated. Approximately $49 million, or 20%, of ARCs were rated below investment grade by at least one ratings agency or were not rated. Of this amount, approximately $28 million, or 58%, of the student loans underlying the ARCs have principal payments which are guaranteed by the Federal government. In total, approximately $214 million, or 89%, of the student loans underlying the ARCs have principal payments which are guaranteed by the Federal government. As of September 30, 2011, all ARCs were current and making scheduled interest payments.
During the three months ended September 30, 2011, the Corporation recorded $292,000 of other-than-temporary impairment losses for 0.002 thousand individual ARCs based on an expected cash flows model. After other-than-temporary impairment charges, the 0.002 thousand other-than-temporarily impaired ARCs had a cost basis of $1.6 million and a fair value of $1.1 million. These other-than-temporarily impaired ARCs and have principal payments which are supported by non-guaranteed private student loans, as opposed to Federally guaranteed student loans. In addition, the student loans underlying these other-than-temporarily impaired ARCs had actual defaults of approximately 16%, resulting in an erosion of parity levels, or the ratio of total underlying ARC collateral to total bond values, to approximately 85% as of September 30, 2011. Additional impairment charges for ARCs may be necessary in the future depending upon the performance of the individual investments held by the Corporation.

Corporate Debt Securities
The Corporation holds corporate debt securities in the form of pooled trust preferred securities, single-issuer trust preferred securities and subordinated debt issued by financial institutions, as presented in the following table:
 
September 30, 2011
 
Amortized
cost
 
Estimated
fair value
 
(in thousands)
Single-issuer trust preferred securities
$
86,366

 
$
77,861

Subordinated debt
35,080

 
36,754

Pooled trust preferred securities
6,464

 
5,275

Corporate debt securities issued by financial institutions
$
127,910

 
$
119,890


The fair values for pooled trust preferred securities and certain single-issuer trust preferred securities were based on quotes provided by third-party brokers who determined fair values based predominantly on internal valuation models which were not indicative prices or binding offers.
The Corporation’s investments in single-issuer trust preferred securities had an unrealized loss of $8.5 million at September 30, 2011. The Corporation did not record any other-than-temporary impairment charges for single-issuer trust preferred securities during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2011 or 2010, respectively. The Corporation held 13 single-issuer trust preferred securities that were rated below investment grade by at least one ratings agency, with an amortized cost of $42.1 million and an estimated fair value of $38.7 million at September 30, 2011. The majority of the single-issuer trust preferred securities rated below investment grade were rated BB or Baa. Single-issuer trust preferred securities with an amortized cost of $10.8 million and an estimated fair value of $9.0 million at September 30, 2011 were not rated by any ratings agency.
The Corporation holds ten pooled trust preferred securities. As of September 30, 2011, nine of these securities, with an amortized

56

cost of $5.8 million and an estimated fair value of $4.7 million, were rated below investment grade by at least one ratings agency, with ratings ranging from C to Ca. For each of the nine pooled trust preferred securities rated below investment grade, the class of securities held by the Corporation is below the most senior tranche, with the Corporation’s interests being subordinate to other investors in the pool. The Corporation determines the fair value of pooled trust preferred securities based on quotes provided by third-party brokers.
The amortized cost of pooled trust preferred securities is the purchase price of the securities, net of cumulative credit related other-than-temporary impairment charges, determined using an expected cash flows model. The most significant input to the expected cash flows model was the expected payment deferral rate for each pooled trust preferred security. The Corporation evaluates the financial metrics, such as capital ratios and non-performing asset ratios, of the individual financial institution issuers that comprise each pooled trust preferred security to estimate its expected deferral rate. The actual weighted average cumulative defaults and deferrals as a percentage of original collateral were approximately 39% as of September 30, 2011. The discounted cash flow modeling for pooled trust preferred securities held by the Corporation as of September 30, 2011 assumed, on average, an additional 19% expected deferral rate.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Corporation recorded $53,000 and $1.4 million, respectively, of other-than-temporary impairment losses for pooled trust preferred securities based on an expected cash flows model. Additional impairment charges for debt securities issued by financial institutions may be necessary in the future depending upon the performance of the individual investments held by the Corporation.
See Note C, “Investment Securities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion related to the Corporation’s other-than-temporary impairment evaluations for debt securities and Note K, “Fair Value Measurements” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion related to debt securities’ fair values.

Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk creates exposure in two primary areas. First, changes in rates have an impact on the Corporation’s liquidity position and could affect its ability to meet obligations and continue to grow. Second, movements in interest rates can create fluctuations in the Corporation’s net income and changes in the economic value of its equity.
The Corporation employs various management techniques to minimize its exposure to interest rate risk. An Asset/Liability Management Committee (ALCO), consisting of key financial and senior management personnel, meets on a periodic basis. The ALCO is responsible for reviewing the interest rate sensitivity position of the Corporation, approving asset and liability management policies, and overseeing the formulation and implementation of strategies regarding balance sheet positions and earnings.

57


The following table provides information about the Corporation’s interest rate sensitive financial instruments. The table presents expected cash flows and weighted average rates for each significant interest rate sensitive financial instrument, by expected maturity period. None of the Corporation’s financial instruments are classified as trading. All dollar amounts are in thousands.
 
Expected Maturity Period

 

Estimated
 
Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

Beyond

Total

Fair Value
Fixed rate loans (1)
$
1,010,607


$
494,011


$
367,161


$
288,835


$
251,258


$
593,484


$
3,005,356


$
3,059,192

Average rate
4.11
%

6.01
%

6.01
%

5.90
%

5.83
%

5.44
%

5.23
%


























Floating rate loans (1) (2)
1,692,541


1,096,501


972,577


870,495


1,860,590


2,383,949


8,876,653


8,802,277

Average rate
4.61
%

4.77
%

4.75
%

4.74
%

4.27
%

5.13
%

4.73
%


























Fixed rate investments (3)
632,557


423,110


277,081


207,111


160,498


581,806


2,282,163


2,363,354

Average rate
3.96
%

4.08
%

4.12
%

4.07
%

4.10
%

3.80
%

3.98
%


























Floating rate investments (3)




255,472


145


4,900


57,548


318,065


292,837

Average rate
%

%

2.51
%

1.61
%

1.04
%

2.29
%

2.44
%


























Other interest-earning assets
319,914












319,914


319,914

Average rate
0.93
%

%

%

%

%

%

0.93
%


























Total
$
3,655,619


$
2,013,622


$
1,872,291


$
1,366,586


$
2,277,246


$
3,616,787


$
14,802,151


$
14,837,574

Average rate
4.04
%

4.93
%

4.60
%

4.88
%

4.42
%

4.92
%

4.58
%


























Fixed rate deposits (4)
$
2,167,479


$
828,718


$
324,891


$
197,877


$
82,192


$
18,661


$
3,619,818


$
3,667,503

Average rate
1.14
%

2.22
%

2.15
%

2.53
%

2.27
%

2.11
%

1.59
%


























Floating rate deposits (5)
4,726,739


619,165


428,792


341,656


260,285


105,425


6,482,062


6,482,062

Average rate
0.31
%

0.20
%

0.18
%

0.14
%

0.13
%

0.18
%

0.27
%


























Fixed rate borrowings (6)
104,198


5,923


5,913


151,087


481


737,010


1,004,612


959,440

Average rate
4.02
%

2.92
%

5.51
%

4.57
%

4.56
%

4.93
%

4.77
%


























Floating rate borrowings (7)
449,228










20,620


469,848


454,904

Average rate
0.16
%

%

%

%

%

2.71
%

0.27
%


























Total
$
7,447,644


$
1,453,806


$
759,596


$
690,620


$
342,958


$
881,716


$
11,576,340


$
11,563,909

Average rate
0.59
%

1.37
%

1.06
%

1.79
%

0.65
%

4.25
%

1.07
%


 
(1)
Amounts are based on contractual payments and maturities, adjusted for expected prepayments. Excludes $13.6 million of overdraft deposit balances.
(2)
Line of credit amounts are based on historical cash flow assumptions, with an average life of approximately 5 years.
(3)
Amounts are based on contractual maturities; adjusted for expected prepayments on mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations and expected calls on agency and municipal securities.
(4)
Amounts are based on contractual maturities of time deposits.
(5)
Estimated based on history of deposit flows.
(6)
Amounts are based on contractual maturities of debt instruments, adjusted for possible calls. Amounts also include junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures.
(7)
Amounts include Federal Funds purchased, short-term promissory notes and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, which mature in less than 90 days, in addition to junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures.
The preceding table and discussion addressed the liquidity implications of interest rate risk and focused on expected cash flows from financial instruments. Expected maturities, however, do not necessarily reflect the net interest impact of interest rate changes. Certain financial instruments, such as adjustable rate loans, have repricing periods that differ from expected cash flows periods.
Included within the $8.9 billion of floating rate loans above are $3.9 billion of loans, or 43.3% of the total, that float with the prime interest rate, $1.2 billion, or 14.0%, of loans that float with other interest rates, primarily LIBOR, and $3.8 billion, or 42.7%, of adjustable rate loans. The $3.8 billion of adjustable rate loans include loans that are fixed rate instruments for a certain period of time, and then convert to floating rates.


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The following table presents the percentage of adjustable rate loans, at September 30, 2011, stratified by the period until their next repricing:
 
Percent of Total
Adjustable Rate
Loans
One year
28.7%
Two years
26.0
Three years
17.1
Four years
13.1
Five years
10.9
Greater than five years
4.2
The Corporation uses three complementary methods to measure and manage interest rate risk. They are static gap analysis, simulation of earnings, and estimates of economic value of equity. Using these measurements in tandem provides a reasonably comprehensive summary of the magnitude of interest rate risk in the Corporation, level of risk as time evolves, and exposure to changes in interest rates.
As of September 30, 2011, approximately $5.4 billion of loans had interest rate floors, with approximately $3.1 billion priced at their interest rate floor. Of this total, approximately $2.5 billion have repricing dates during the next twelve months. The weighted average interest rate increase that would be necessary for these loans to begin repricing to higher rates was approximately 0.81%.
Static gap provides a measurement of repricing risk in the Corporation’s balance sheet as of a point in time. This measurement is accomplished through stratification of the Corporation’s assets and liabilities into repricing periods. The sum of assets and liabilities in each of these periods are compared for mismatches within that maturity segment. Core deposits having no contractual maturities are placed into repricing periods based upon historical balance performance. Repricing for mortgage loans, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations includes the effect of expected cash flows. Estimated prepayment effects are applied to these balances based upon industry projections for prepayment speeds. The Corporation’s policy limits the cumulative six-month ratio of rate sensitive assets to rate sensitive liabilities (RSA/RSL) to a range of 0.85 to 1.15. As of September 30, 2011, the cumulative six-month ratio of RSA/RSL was 1.10.
Simulation of net interest income and net income is performed for the next twelve-month period. A variety of interest rate scenarios are used to measure the effects of sudden and gradual movements upward and downward in the yield curve. These results are compared to the results obtained in a flat or unchanged interest rate scenario. Simulation of earnings is used primarily to measure the Corporation’s short-term earnings exposure to rate movements. The Corporation’s policy limits the potential exposure of net interest income to 10% of the base case net interest income for a 100 basis point shock in interest rates, 15% for a 200 basis point shock and 20% for a 300 basis point shock. A “shock’ is an immediate upward or downward movement of interest rates across the yield curve. The shocks do not take into account changes in customer behavior that could result in changes to mix and/or volumes in the balance sheet nor do they account for competitive pricing over the forward 12-month period.
The following table summarizes the expected impact of interest rate shocks on net interest income (due to the current level of interest rates, the 200 and 300 basis point downward shock scenarios are not shown):
Rate Shock
 
Annual change
in net interest income
 
% Change
+300 bp
 
+ $ 62.5 million
 
+10.8%
+200 bp
 
+ $ 36.2 million
 
+6.3
+100 bp
 
+ $11.6 million
 
+2.0
–100 bp (1)
 
– $ 13.0 million
 
–2.3
 
(1)
Because certain current short-term interest rates are at or below 1.00%, the 100 basis point downward shock assumes that corresponding short-term interest rates approach an implied floor that, in effect, reflects a decrease of less than the full 100 basis points downward shock.

Economic value of equity estimates the discounted present value of asset cash flows and liability cash flows. Discount rates are based upon market prices for like assets and liabilities. Upward and downward shocks of interest rates are used to determine the comparative effect of such interest rate movements relative to the unchanged environment. This measurement tool is used primarily to evaluate the longer-term repricing risks and options in the Corporation’s balance sheet. A policy limit of 10% of economic equity may be at risk for every 100 basis point shock movement in interest rates. As of September 30, 2011, the Corporation was within policy limits for every 100 basis point shock movement in interest rates.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
The Corporation carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation’s management, including the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based upon that evaluation, the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Corporation reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.
There have been no changes in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings
The Corporation and its subsidiaries are involved in various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of the business of the Corporation. The Corporation periodically evaluates the possible impact of pending litigation matters based on, among other factors, the advice of counsel, available insurance coverage and recorded liabilities and reserves for probable legal liabilities and costs. As of the date of this report, the Corporation believes that any liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, which may result from the final outcomes of pending proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the financial position, the operating results and/or the liquidity of the Corporation. However, litigation is often unpredictable, and the actual results of litigation cannot be determined with certainty and, therefore, the ultimate resolution of any matter and the possible range of liabilities associated with potential outcomes may need to be reevaluated in the future.

Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes to the risk factors as previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of the Corporation’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.

Item 4. Removed and Reserved

Item 5. Other Information
Not applicable.

Item 6. Exhibits
See Exhibit Index for a list of the exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K and filed as part of this report.


61



FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
FULTON FINANCIAL CORPORATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date:
 
November 9, 2011
 
/s/ R. Scott Smith, Jr.
 
 
 
 
R. Scott Smith, Jr.
 
 
 
 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
Date:
 
November 9, 2011
 
/s/ Charles J. Nugent
 
 
 
 
Charles J. Nugent
 
 
 
 
Senior Executive Vice President and
 
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer


62

EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibits Required Pursuant
to Item 601 of Regulation S-K
 
 
 
 
 
3.1
  
Articles of Incorporation, as amended and restated, of Fulton Financial Corporation– Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Fulton Financial Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 24, 2011.
 
 
 
 
3.2
  
Bylaws of Fulton Financial Corporation as amended – Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Fulton Financial Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 18, 2008.
 
 
 
 
31.1
  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
 
31.2
  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
 
32.1
  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
 
32.2
  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
 
101
  
Interactive data file containing the following financial statements formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010; and, (iv) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this interactive data file shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and shall not be deemed “filed” or part of any registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Section 11 or 12 under the Securities Act of 1933, or otherwise subject to liability under those sections.
 
 
 
 
 

63