OAS - 9.30.2013 - Q3 - 10Q
Table of Contents

 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2013
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                  to                 
Commission file number: 1-34776

Oasis Petroleum Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
 
 
Delaware
 
80-0554627
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
1001 Fannin Street, Suite 1500
Houston, Texas
 
77002
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

(281) 404-9500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   ý    No   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
Large accelerated filer
 
ý
  
Accelerated filer
 
¨
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
o  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller reporting company
 
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨     No   ý
Number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding at November 4, 2013: 93,701,254 shares.
 
 
 
 
 



Table of Contents

OASIS PETROLEUM INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2013
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
Page


Table of Contents

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. — Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Oasis Petroleum Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
(Unaudited)
 
September 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
(In thousands, except share data)
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
125,440

 
$
213,447

Restricted cash
986,210

 

Short-term investments

 
25,891

Accounts receivable — oil and gas revenues
155,068

 
110,341

Accounts receivable — joint interest partners
120,058

 
99,194

Inventory
18,358

 
20,707

Prepaid expenses
7,440

 
1,770

Advances to joint interest partners
1,170

 
1,985

Derivative instruments
374

 
19,016

Deferred income taxes
8,683

 

Other current assets
473

 
335

Total current assets
1,423,274

 
492,686

Property, plant and equipment
 
 
 
Oil and gas properties (successful efforts method)
3,044,515

 
2,348,128

Other property and equipment
157,926

 
49,732

Less: accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment
(589,173
)
 
(391,260
)
Total property, plant and equipment, net
2,613,268

 
2,006,600

Derivative instruments
3,405

 
4,981

Deferred costs and other assets
43,436

 
24,527

Total assets
$
4,083,383

 
$
2,528,794

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
39,468

 
$
12,491

Advances from joint interest partners
13,211

 
21,176

Revenues and production taxes payable
133,083

 
71,553

Accrued liabilities
198,493

 
189,863

Accrued interest payable
22,873

 
30,096

Derivative instruments
17,060

 
1,048

Deferred income taxes

 
4,558

Total current liabilities
424,188

 
330,785

Long-term debt
2,360,000

 
1,200,000

Asset retirement obligations
26,999

 
22,956

Derivative instruments
852

 
380

Deferred income taxes
293,156

 
177,671

Other liabilities
2,310

 
1,997

Total liabilities
3,107,505

 
1,733,789

Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)

 

Stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 93,854,867 issued and 93,690,494 outstanding at September 30, 2013; 93,432,712 issued and 93,303,298 outstanding at December 31, 2012
926

 
925

Treasury stock, at cost; 164,373 and 129,414 shares at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively
(5,220
)
 
(3,796
)
Additional paid-in-capital
666,770

 
657,943

Retained earnings
313,402

 
139,933

Total stockholders’ equity
975,878

 
795,005

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
4,083,383

 
$
2,528,794

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Oasis Petroleum Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations
(Unaudited)
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenues
$
286,952

 
$
178,748

 
$
770,445

 
$
461,857

Well services and midstream revenues
18,546

 
5,963

 
37,939

 
10,484

Total revenues
305,498

 
184,711

 
808,384

 
472,341

Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lease operating expenses
21,831

 
16,134

 
59,586

 
37,979

Well services and midstream operating expenses
10,319

 
5,420

 
19,877

 
7,104

Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses
5,688

 
2,744

 
19,856

 
7,283

Production taxes
26,823

 
16,433

 
70,309

 
43,419

Depreciation, depletion and amortization
72,728

 
57,684

 
205,779

 
140,783

Exploration expenses
463

 
336

 
2,712

 
3,171

 Impairment of oil and gas properties
56

 
36

 
762

 
2,607

General and administrative expenses
16,728

 
13,886

 
47,238

 
39,622

Total expenses
154,636

 
112,673

 
426,119

 
281,968

Operating income
150,862

 
72,038

 
382,265

 
190,373

Other income (expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gain (loss) on derivative instruments
(39,817
)
 
(22,441
)
 
(41,838
)
 
33,568

Interest expense, net of capitalized interest
(22,854
)
 
(20,979
)
 
(65,429
)
 
(48,952
)
Other income
23

 
1,147

 
1,097

 
2,521

Total other income (expense)
(62,648
)
 
(42,273
)
 
(106,170
)
 
(12,863
)
Income before income taxes
88,214

 
29,765

 
276,095

 
177,510

Income tax expense
33,715

 
11,451

 
102,626

 
66,712

Net income
$
54,499

 
$
18,314

 
$
173,469

 
$
110,798

Earnings per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic (Note 11)
$
0.59

 
$
0.20

 
$
1.88

 
$
1.20

Diluted (Note 11)
0.59

 
0.20

 
1.87

 
1.20

Weighted average shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic (Note 11)
92,449

 
92,186

 
92,408

 
92,164

Diluted (Note 11)
92,836

 
92,416

 
92,838

 
92,343

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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Oasis Petroleum Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
 
 
Common Stock
 
Treasury Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in-Capital
 
Retained Earnings
 
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Balance as of December 31, 2012
93,303

 
$
925

 
129

 
$
(3,796
)
 
$
657,943

 
$
139,933

 
$
795,005

Stock-based compensation
422

 
1

 

 

 
8,827

 

 
8,828

Treasury stock – tax withholdings
(35
)
 

 
35

 
(1,424
)
 

 

 
(1,424
)
Net income

 

 

 

 

 
173,469

 
173,469

Balance as of September 30, 2013
93,690

 
$
926

 
164

 
$
(5,220
)
 
$
666,770

 
$
313,402

 
$
975,878

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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Oasis Petroleum Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
173,469

 
$
110,798

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
205,779

 
140,783

Impairment of oil and gas properties
762

 
2,607

Deferred income taxes
102,244

 
66,648

Derivative instruments
41,838

 
(33,568
)
Stock-based compensation expenses
8,411

 
6,627

Debt discount amortization and other
2,693

 
2,038

Working capital and other changes:
 
 
 
Change in accounts receivable
(67,487
)
 
(69,163
)
Change in inventory
(8,820
)
 
(26,790
)
Change in prepaid expenses
(5,175
)
 
(2,009
)
Change in other current assets
(138
)
 
413

Change in other assets
(63
)
 
(119
)
Change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
82,246

 
79,079

Change in other current liabilities

 
4,784

Change in other liabilities
922

 

Net cash provided by operating activities
536,681

 
282,128

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(654,175
)
 
(777,516
)
Acquisition of oil and gas properties
(133,061
)
 

Increase in restricted cash
(986,210
)
 

Derivative settlements
(5,135
)
 
2,784

Purchases of short-term investments

 
(126,213
)
Redemptions of short-term investments
25,000

 
19,994

Advances from joint interest partners
(7,965
)
 
17,508

Net cash used in investing activities
(1,761,546
)
 
(863,443
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from credit facility
160,000

 

Proceeds from issuance of senior notes
1,000,000

 
400,000

Purchases of treasury stock
(1,424
)
 
(1,299
)
Debt issuance costs
(21,718
)
 
(7,955
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
1,136,858

 
390,746

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(88,007
)
 
(190,569
)
Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 
 
Beginning of period
213,447

 
470,872

End of period
$
125,440

 
$
280,303

Supplemental non-cash transactions:
 
 
 
Change in accrued capital expenditures
$
10,530

 
$
71,572

Change in asset retirement obligations
4,173

 
7,774

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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OASIS PETROLEUM INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
1. Organization and Operations of the Company
Organization
Oasis Petroleum Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “Oasis” or the “Company”) was formed on February 25, 2010, pursuant to the laws of the State of Delaware, to become a holding company for Oasis Petroleum LLC (“OP LLC”), the Company’s predecessor, which was formed as a Delaware limited liability company on February 26, 2007. In connection with its initial public offering in June 2010 and related corporate reorganization, the Company acquired all of the outstanding membership interests in OP LLC in exchange for shares of the Company’s common stock. In 2007, Oasis Petroleum North America LLC (“OPNA”), a Delaware limited liability company, was formed to conduct domestic oil and natural gas exploration and production activities. In 2008, Oasis Petroleum International LLC (“OPI”), a Delaware limited liability company, was formed to conduct business development activities outside of the United States of America. As of September 30, 2013, OPI had no business activities or material assets. In 2011, the Company formed Oasis Well Services LLC (“OWS”), a Delaware limited liability company, to provide well services to OPNA, and Oasis Petroleum Marketing LLC (“OPM”), a Delaware limited liability company, to provide marketing services to OPNA. In 2013, the Company formed Oasis Midstream Services LLC (“OMS”), a Delaware limited liability company, to provide midstream services to OPNA. As part of the formation of OMS, the Company transferred substantially all of its salt water disposal and other midstream assets from OPNA to OMS.
Nature of Business
The Company is an independent exploration and production company focused on the acquisition and development of unconventional oil and natural gas resources in the Williston Basin. The Company’s proved and unproved oil and natural gas properties are located in the Montana and North Dakota areas of the Williston Basin and are owned by OPNA. The Company also operates a marketing business (OPM), a well services business (OWS) and a midstream services business (OMS), all of which are complementary to its primary development and production activities.  Both OWS and OMS are separate reportable business segments.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Oasis and its wholly owned subsidiaries. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have not been audited by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, except that the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2012 is derived from audited financial statements. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain reclassifications of prior year balances have been made to conform such amounts to current year classifications. These reclassifications have no impact on net income. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation, have been included. In preparing the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, management has made certain estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures of contingencies. Actual results may differ from those estimates. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of annual results.
These interim financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain disclosures have been condensed or omitted from these financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 (“2012 Annual Report”).
Significant Accounting Policies
There have been no material changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in the 2012 Annual Report other than those noted below.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash represents aggregate net proceeds from the issuance of $1,000.0 million of 6.875% senior unsecured notes due 2022, which were held in escrow as of September 30, 2013 pending the closing of the acquisition of oil and gas properties in the Company’s West Williston project area (see Note 7 – Long-Term Debt and Note 15 – Subsequent Events). If

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the acquisition had not closed prior to December 12, 2013, the Company would have been required to use the restricted cash to redeem all of the notes due 2022 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the initial offering price, plus accrued and unpaid interest through the date of redemption.
3. Inventory
Equipment and materials consist primarily of tubular goods, well equipment to be used in future drilling or repair operations, well fracturing equipment, chemicals and proppant, all of which are stated at the lower of cost or market with cost determined on an average cost method. Crude oil inventories include oil in tank and line fill and are valued at the lower of average cost or market value. Inventory consists of the following:
 
September 30,
2013
 
December 31,
2012
 
(In thousands)
Equipment and materials
$
12,498

 
$
16,438

Crude oil inventory
5,860

 
4,269

Total inventory
$
18,358

 
$
20,707

4. Property, Plant and Equipment
The following table sets forth the Company’s property, plant and equipment:
 
 
September 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
(In thousands)
Proved oil and gas properties (1)
$
2,916,453

 
$
2,271,711

Less: Accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment
(568,567
)
 
(383,564
)
Proved oil and gas properties, net (2)
2,347,886

 
1,888,147

Unproved oil and gas properties
128,062

 
76,417

Total oil and gas properties, net
2,475,948

 
1,964,564

Other property and equipment
157,926

 
49,732

Less: Accumulated depreciation
(20,606
)
 
(7,696
)
Other property and equipment, net (2)
137,320

 
42,036

Total property, plant and equipment, net
$
2,613,268

 
$
2,006,600

 __________________
(1)
Included in the Company’s proved oil and gas properties are estimates of future asset retirement costs of $24.0 million and $20.7 million at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.
(2)
The Company reclassed substantially all of its salt water disposal and other midstream assets from proved oil and gas properties to other property and equipment, effective January 1, 2013.
As a result of expiring leases and periodic assessments of unproved properties, the Company recorded non-cash impairment charges on its unproved oil and natural gas properties of $56,000 and $0.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively, and $36,000 and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. No impairment charges on proved oil and natural gas properties were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 or 2012.
Asset acquisitions. On September 26, 2013, the Company acquired certain oil and natural gas assets totaling approximately 25,000 net acres in its East Nesson project area for cash consideration of $54.8 million, subject to further customary post close adjustments (the “East Nesson Acquisitions”). As part of the East Nesson Acquisitions, the Company also agreed to invest, expend and/or incur expenses of $8.2 million in connection with drilling and completion activities for certain wells (see Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies). Additionally, the Company paid a deposit of $72.5 million in September 2013 for the acquisition of assets in its West Williston project area (see Note 15 - Subsequent Events), which is included in oil and gas properties on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2013.
5. Fair Value Measurements
In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) authoritative guidance on fair value measurements, the Company’s financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company

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recognizes its non-financial assets and liabilities, such as asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) and proved oil and natural gas properties upon impairment, at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
As defined in the authoritative guidance, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). To estimate fair value, the Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated or generally unobservable.
The authoritative guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (“Level 1” measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (“Level 3” measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2 — Pricing inputs, other than unadjusted quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument and can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace.

Level 3 — Pricing inputs are generally less observable from objective sources, requiring internally developed valuation methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value.
Financial Assets and Liabilities
As required, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels. The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis: 
 
At fair value as of September 30, 2013
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
11,274

 
$

 
$

 
$
11,274

Commodity derivative instruments (see Note 6)

 
3,779

 

 
3,779

Total assets
$
11,274

 
$
3,779

 
$

 
$
15,053

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity derivative instruments (see Note 6)
$

 
$
17,912

 
$

 
$
17,912

Total liabilities
$

 
$
17,912

 
$

 
$
17,912

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
66,387

 
$

 
$

 
$
66,387

Commodity derivative instruments (see Note 6)

 
23,997

 

 
23,997

Total assets
$
66,387

 
$
23,997

 
$

 
$
90,384

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity derivative instruments (see Note 6)
$

 
$
1,428

 
$

 
$
1,428

Total liabilities
$

 
$
1,428

 
$

 
$
1,428


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The Level 1 instruments presented in the tables above consist of money market funds included in cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The Company’s money market funds represent cash equivalents backed by the assets of high-quality major banks and financial institutions. The Company identified the money market funds as Level 1 instruments due to the fact that the money market funds have daily liquidity, quoted prices for the underlying investments can be obtained and there are active markets for the underlying investments.
The Level 2 instruments presented in the tables above consist of commodity derivative instruments, which include oil collars, swaps and puts. The fair values of the Company’s commodity derivative instruments are based upon a third-party preparer’s calculation using mark-to-market valuation reports provided by the Company’s counterparties for monthly settlement purposes to determine the valuation of its derivative instruments. The Company has the third-party preparer evaluate other readily available market prices for its derivative contracts as there is an active market for these contracts. The third-party preparer performs its independent valuation using a moment matching method similar to Turnbull-Wakeman for Asian options. The significant inputs used are crude oil prices, volatility, skew, discount rate and the contract terms of the derivative instruments. However, the Company does not have access to the specific proprietary valuation models or inputs used by its counterparties or third-party preparer. The Company compares the third-party preparer’s valuation to counterparty valuation statements, investigating any significant differences, and analyzes monthly valuation changes in relation to movements in crude oil forward price curves. The determination of the fair value for derivative instruments also incorporates a credit adjustment for non-performance risk, as required by GAAP. The Company calculated the credit adjustment for derivatives in a net asset position using current credit default swap values for each counterparty. The credit adjustment for derivatives in a net liability position is based on the Company’s market credit spread. Based on these calculations, the Company recorded a downward adjustment to the fair value of its net derivative liability of $0.4 million at September 30, 2013 and a downward adjustment to the fair value of its net derivative asset of $29,000 at December 31, 2012.

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments, including certain cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable, are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. At September 30, 2013, the Company’s cash equivalents were all Level 1 assets. The carrying amount of the Company’s long-term debt reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2013 is $2,360.0 million, which includes $2,200.0 million of senior unsecured notes and $160.0 million of borrowings under the revolving credit facility (see Note 7 – Long-Term Debt). The fair value of the Company’s senior unsecured notes, which are Level 1 liabilities, is $2,325.0 million at September 30, 2013.
Nonfinancial Assets and Liabilities
Asset retirement obligations. The carrying amount of the Company’s ARO in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2013 is $27.4 million (see Note 8 – Asset Retirement Obligations). The Company determines the ARO by calculating the present value of estimated cash flows related to the liability. Estimating the future ARO requires management to make estimates and judgments regarding timing and existence of a liability, as well as what constitutes adequate restoration. Inherent in the fair value calculation are numerous assumptions and judgments, including the ultimate costs, inflation factors, credit adjusted discount rates, timing of settlement and changes in the legal, regulatory, environmental and political environments. These assumptions represent Level 3 inputs. To the extent future revisions to these assumptions impact the fair value of the existing ARO liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the related asset.
Impairment. The Company reviews its proved oil and natural gas properties for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that a decline in the recoverability of their carrying value may have occurred. The Company estimates the expected undiscounted future cash flows of its oil and natural gas properties and compares such undiscounted future cash flows to the carrying amount of the oil and natural gas properties to determine if the carrying amount is recoverable. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, the Company will adjust the carrying amount of the oil and natural gas properties to fair value. The factors used to determine fair value are subject to management’s judgment and expertise and include, but are not limited to, recent sales prices of comparable properties, the present value of future cash flows, net of estimated operating and development costs using estimates of proved reserves, future commodity pricing, future production estimates, anticipated capital expenditures and various discount rates commensurate with the risk and current market conditions associated with realizing the expected cash flows projected. These assumptions represent Level 3 inputs. No impairment charges on proved oil and natural gas properties were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 or 2012.
6. Derivative Instruments

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The Company utilizes derivative financial instruments to manage risks related to changes in oil prices. As of September 30, 2013, the Company utilized two-way and three-way costless collar options, put spreads, swaps and swaps with sub-floors to reduce the volatility of oil prices on a significant portion of its future expected oil production. A two-way collar is a combination of options: a sold call and a purchased put. The purchased put establishes a minimum price (floor) and the sold call establishes a maximum price (ceiling) the Company will receive for the volumes under contract. A three-way collar is a combination of options: a sold call, a purchased put and a sold put. The purchased put establishes a minimum price (floor), unless the market price falls below the sold put (sub-floor), at which point the minimum price would be NYMEX West Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) crude oil index price plus the difference between the purchased put and the sold put strike price. The sold call establishes a maximum price (ceiling) the Company will receive for the volumes under contract. A put spread is a combination of a purchased put and a sold put, and in this case does not include a sold call, allowing the volumes under this contract to have no established maximum price (ceiling). A swap is a sold call and a purchased put established at the same price (both ceiling and floor). A swap with a sub-floor is a swap coupled with a sold put (sub-floor) at which point the minimum price would be WTI crude oil index price plus the difference between the swap and the sold put strike price.
All derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet as either assets or liabilities measured at fair value (see Note 5 – Fair Value Measurements). Derivative assets and liabilities arising from the Company’s derivative contracts with the same counterparty are also reported on a net basis, as all counterparty contracts provide for net settlement. The Company has not designated any derivative instruments as hedges for accounting purposes and does not enter into such instruments for speculative trading purposes. If a derivative does not qualify as a hedge or is not designated as a hedge, the changes in fair value, both cash settlements and non-cash changes in fair value, are recognized in the other income (expense) section of the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations as a net gain or loss on derivative instruments. The Company’s cash flow is only impacted when the actual settlements under the derivative contracts result in making a payment to or receiving a payment from the counterparty. These cash settlements are reflected as investing activities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
As of September 30, 2013, the Company had the following outstanding commodity derivative instruments, all of which settle monthly based on the average WTI crude oil index price:
 
Settlement
Period
 
Derivative
Instrument
 
Total Notional
Amount of Oil
 
Weighted Average Prices
 
Fair Value
Asset
(Liability)
 
 
 
Swap
 
Sub-Floor
 
Floor
 
Ceiling
 
 
 
 
 
(Barrels)
 
($/Barrel)
 
(In thousands)
2013
 
Two-way collars
 
836,000

 
 
 
 
 
$
92.11

 
$
103.45

 
$
(2,636
)
2013
 
Three-way collars
 
832,330

 
 
 
$
67.63

 
92.01

 
110.97

 
(118
)
2013
 
Put spreads
 
168,670

 
 
 
70.89

 
90.89

 
 
 
4

2013
 
Swaps
 
880,500

 
$
97.29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5,118
)
2014
 
Two-way collars
 
1,510,000

 
 
 
 
 
90.77

 
102.06

 
(159
)
2014
 
Three-way collars
 
3,530,530

 
 
 
70.30

 
90.65

 
105.64

 
2,497

2014
 
Put spreads
 
11,470

 
 
 
70.00

 
90.00

 
 
 
10

2014
 
Swaps
 
2,218,500

 
95.87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2,486
)
2014
 
Swaps with sub-floors
 
2,004,000

 
92.60

 
70.00

 


 


 
(7,202
)
2015
 
Two-way collars
 
108,500

 


 
 
 
90.00

 
99.86

 
284

2015
 
Three-way collars
 
263,500

 
 
 
70.59

 
90.59

 
105.25

 
723

2015
 
Swaps
 
108,500

 
93.07

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
148

2015
 
Swaps with sub-floors
 
186,000

 
92.60

 
70.00

 
 
 
 
 
(80
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
(14,133
)
The following table summarizes the location and fair value of all outstanding commodity derivative instruments recorded in the balance sheet for the periods presented:
 

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Fair Value of Derivative Instrument Assets (Liabilities)
 
 
 
Fair Value
Commodity
Balance Sheet Location
 
September 30,
2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
(In thousands)
Crude oil
Derivative instruments — current assets
 
$
374

 
$
19,016

Crude oil
Derivative instruments — non-current assets
 
3,405

 
4,981

Crude oil
Derivative instruments — current liabilities
 
(17,060
)
 
(1,048
)
Crude oil
Derivative instruments — non-current liabilities
 
(852
)
 
(380
)
Total derivative instruments
 
 
$
(14,133
)
 
$
22,569

The following table summarizes the location and amounts of gains and losses from the Company’s commodity derivative instruments for the periods presented:
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended 
 September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Income Statement Location
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
 
 
(In thousands)
Change in fair value of derivative instruments
Net gain (loss) on derivative instruments
 
$
(31,750
)
 
$
(27,690
)
 
$
(36,703
)
 
$
30,784

Derivative settlements
Net gain (loss) on derivative instruments
 
(8,067
)
 
5,249

 
(5,135
)
 
2,784

Total net gain (loss) on derivative instruments
 
 
$
(39,817
)
 
$
(22,441
)
 
$
(41,838
)
 
$
33,568

The Company has adopted the FASB’s authoritative guidance on disclosures about offsetting assets and liabilities, which requires entities to disclose both gross and net information about instruments and transactions eligible for offset in the statement of financial position as well as instruments and transactions subject to an agreement similar to a master netting agreement. The Company’s derivative instruments are presented as assets and liabilities on a net basis by counterparty, as all counterparty contracts provide for net settlement. No margin or collateral balances are deposited with counterparties, and as such, gross amounts are offset to determine the net amounts presented in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The following tables summarize gross and net information about the Company’s commodity derivative instruments for the periods presented:
 
Offsetting of Derivative Assets
 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets
 
Gross Amounts Offset
in the Balance Sheet
 
Net Amounts of Assets Presented
in the Balance Sheet
 
 
(In thousands)
As of September 30, 2013
 
$
32,895

 
$
(29,116
)
 
$
3,779

As of December 31, 2012
 
68,970

 
(44,973
)
 
23,997

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities
 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities
 
Gross Amounts Offset
in the Balance Sheet
 
Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented
in the Balance Sheet
 
 
(In thousands)
As of September 30, 2013
 
$
47,028

 
$
(29,116
)
 
$
17,912

As of December 31, 2012
 
46,401

 
(44,973
)
 
1,428


7. Long-Term Debt
Senior unsecured notes. On September 24, 2013, the Company issued $1,000.0 million of 6.875% senior unsecured notes due March 15, 2022 (the “2022 Notes”). The issuance of the 2022 Notes resulted in aggregate net proceeds to the Company of approximately $983.0 million. The Company used the proceeds from the 2022 Notes to fund the acquisition of oil and gas properties in its West Williston project area (see Note 15 – Subsequent Events). The proceeds of the 2022 Notes were held in escrow as of September 30, 2013, pending the closing of the acquisition. The acquisition subsequently closed on October 1, 2013, at which time the funds were released from escrow.

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In connection with the issuance of the 2022 Notes, the Company and Guarantors (as defined below) entered into a Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to which the Company and Guarantors agreed to file a registration statement with the SEC to allow the holders of the 2022 Notes to exchange the 2022 Notes for the same principal amount of a new issue of notes with substantially identical terms, except the new notes will be freely transferable under the Securities Act. The Company and the Guarantors will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the exchange to be completed within 360 days after the 2022 Notes issuance date. Under certain circumstances, in lieu of a registered exchange offer, the Company must use commercially reasonable efforts to file a shelf registration statement for the resale of the 2022 Notes. If the Company fails to satisfy these obligations on a timely basis, the annual interest borne by the 2022 Notes will be increased by 1.0% per annum until the exchange offer is completed or the shelf registration statement is declared effective. The Company estimates the value of this contingent interest is immaterial at September 30, 2013.
During 2011 and 2012, the Company issued $400.0 million of 7.25% senior unsecured notes due February 1, 2019 (the “2019 Notes”), $400.0 million of 6.5% senior unsecured notes due November 1, 2021 (the “2021 Notes”) and $400.0 million of 6.875% senior unsecured notes due January 15, 2023 (the “2023 Notes”, and together with the 2022 Notes, 2019 Notes and 2021 Notes, the “Notes”). The issuance of the 2019 Notes, 2021 Notes and the 2023 Notes resulted in aggregate net proceeds to the Company of approximately $1,175.8 million. The Company used the proceeds from the 2019 Notes, 2021 Notes and the 2023 Notes to fund its exploration, development and acquisition program and for general corporate purposes.
Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears. The Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company’s material subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”). These guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several among the Guarantors, subject to certain customary release provisions, as follows:
in connection with any sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of that Guarantor (including by way of merger or consolidation) to a person that is not (either before or after giving effect to such transaction) the Company or a restricted subsidiary of the Company;
in connection with any sale or other disposition of the capital stock of that Guarantor (including by way of merger or consolidation) to a person that is not (either before or after giving effect to such transaction) the Company or a restricted subsidiary of the Company, such that, immediately after giving effect to such transaction, such Guarantor would no longer constitute a subsidiary of the Company;
if the Company designates any restricted subsidiary that is a Guarantor to be an unrestricted subsidiary in accordance with the indenture;
upon legal defeasance or satisfaction and discharge of the indenture; or
upon the liquidation or dissolution of a Guarantor, provided no event of default occurs under the indentures as a result thereof.
The Notes were issued under indentures containing provisions that are substantially the same, as amended and supplemented by supplemental indentures (collectively the “Indentures”), among the Company, the Guarantors and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). The Company has certain options to redeem up to 35% of the Notes at a certain redemption price based on a percentage of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the proceeds of certain equity offerings so long as the redemption occurs within 180 days of completing such equity offering and at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes remains outstanding after such redemption. Prior to certain dates, the Company has the option to redeem some or all of the Notes for cash at certain redemption prices equal to a certain percentage of their principal amount plus an applicable make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. The Company estimates that the fair value of these redemption options is immaterial at September 30, 2013.
The Indentures restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of certain of its subsidiaries to: (i) incur additional debt or enter into sale and leaseback transactions; (ii) pay distributions on, redeem or repurchase equity interests; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) incur liens; (v) enter into transactions with affiliates; (vi) merge or consolidate with another company; and (vii) transfer and sell assets. These covenants are subject to certain exceptions and qualifications. If at any time when the Notes are rated investment grade by both Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and no Default (as defined in the Indentures) has occurred and is continuing, many of such covenants will terminate and the Company and its subsidiaries will cease to be subject to such covenants.
The Indentures contain customary events of default, including:
default in any payment of interest on any Note when due, continued for 30 days;
default in the payment of principal or premium, if any, on any Note when due;

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failure by the Company to comply with its other obligations under the Indentures, in certain cases subject to notice and grace periods;
payment defaults and accelerations with respect to other indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the Indentures) in the aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million or more;
certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of the Company or a Significant Subsidiary (as defined in the Indentures) or group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary;
failure by the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary to pay certain final judgments aggregating in excess of $10.0 million within 60 days; and
any guarantee of the Notes by a Guarantor ceases to be in full force and effect, is declared null and void in a judicial proceeding or is denied or disaffirmed by its maker.

Senior secured revolving line of credit. On April 5, 2013, the Company, as parent, and OPNA, as borrower, entered into a second amended and restated credit agreement (the “Second Amended Credit Facility”), which has a maturity date of April 5, 2018. In connection with entry into the Second Amended Credit Facility, the semi-annual redetermination of the Company’s borrowing base was also completed on April 5, 2013, which increased the borrowing base of the Second Amended Credit Facility from $750.0 million to $1,250.0 million. However, the Company elected to limit the aggregate commitment of the lenders under the Second Amended Credit Facility (the “Lenders”) to $900.0 million. The Company could have increased its aggregate commitment to the full $1,250.0 million borrowing base by increasing the commitment of one or more lenders. In addition, under the Second Amended Credit Facility, the overall credit facility increased from $1,000.0 million to $2,500.0 million. On September 3, 2013, the Company entered into an amendment to its Second Amended Credit Facility (the “Amendment”). In connection with the Amendment, the lenders under the Company’s revolving credit facility completed their regular semi-annual redetermination of the borrowing base scheduled for October 1, 2013. Following the redetermination, the Company’s borrowing base increased from $1,250.0 million to $1,500.0 million and elected commitments also totaled $1,500.0 million.

The Second Amended Credit Facility is restricted to the borrowing base, which is reserve-based and subject to semi-annual redeterminations on April 1 and October 1 of each year. Borrowings under the Second Amended Credit Facility are collateralized by perfected first priority liens and security interests on substantially all of the Company’s assets, including mortgage liens on oil and natural gas properties having at least 80% of the reserve value as determined by reserve reports.
Borrowings under the Second Amended Credit Facility are subject to varying rates of interest based on (1) the total outstanding borrowings (including the value of all outstanding letters of credit) in relation to the borrowing base and (2) whether the loan is a London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) loan or a domestic bank prime interest rate loan (defined in the Second Amended Credit Facility as an Alternate Based Rate or “ABR” loan). As of September 30, 2013, any outstanding LIBOR and ABR loans bore their respective interest rates plus the applicable margin indicated in the following table:
 
Ratio of Total Outstanding Borrowings to Borrowing Base
 
Applicable Margin
for LIBOR Loans
 
Applicable Margin
for ABR Loans
Less than .25 to 1
 
1.50
%
 
0.00
%
Greater than or equal to .25 to 1 but less than .50 to 1
 
1.75
%
 
0.25
%
Greater than or equal to .50 to 1 but less than .75 to 1
 
2.00
%
 
0.50
%
Greater than or equal to .75 to 1 but less than .90 to 1
 
2.25
%
 
0.75
%
Greater than .90 to 1 but less than or equal 1
 
2.50
%
 
1.00
%
An ABR loan may be repaid at any time before the scheduled maturity of the Second Amended Credit Facility upon the Company providing advance notification to the Lenders. Interest is paid quarterly on ABR loans based on the number of days an ABR loan is outstanding as of the last business day in March, June, September and December. The Company has the option to convert an ABR loan to a LIBOR-based loan upon providing advance notification to the Lenders. The minimum available loan term is one month and the maximum loan term is six months for LIBOR-based loans. Interest for LIBOR loans is paid upon maturity of the loan term. Interim interest is paid every three months for LIBOR loans that have loan terms greater than three months in duration. At the end of a LIBOR loan term, the Second Amended Credit Facility allows the Company to elect to repay the borrowing, continue a LIBOR loan with the same or a differing loan term or convert the borrowing to an ABR loan.

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On a quarterly basis, the Company pays a 0.375% (as of September 30, 2013) annualized commitment fee on the average amount of borrowing base capacity not utilized during the quarter and fees calculated on the average amount of letter of credit balances outstanding during the quarter.
As of September 30, 2013, the Second Amended Credit Facility contained covenants that included, among others:
a prohibition against incurring debt, subject to permitted exceptions;
a prohibition against making dividends, distributions and redemptions, subject to permitted exceptions;
a prohibition against making investments, loans and advances, subject to permitted exceptions;
restrictions on creating liens and leases on the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, subject to permitted exceptions;
restrictions on merging and selling assets outside the ordinary course of business;
restrictions on use of proceeds, investments, transactions with affiliates or change of principal business;
a provision limiting oil and natural gas derivative financial instruments;
a requirement that the Company maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDAX (as defined in the Second Amended Credit Facility) to consolidated Interest Expense (as defined in the Second Amended Credit Facility) of no less than 2.5 to 1.0 for the four quarters ended on the last day of each quarter; and
a requirement that the Company maintain a Current Ratio (as defined in the Second Amended Credit Facility) of consolidated current assets (with exclusions as described in the Second Amended Credit Facility) to consolidated current liabilities (with exclusions as described in the Second Amended Credit Facility) of not less than 1.0 to 1.0 as of the last day of any fiscal quarter.
The Second Amended Credit Facility contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the Lenders may declare all amounts outstanding under the Second Amended Credit Facility to be immediately due and payable.

As of September 30, 2013, the Company had $160.0 million of LIBOR loans and $5.2 million of outstanding letters of credit issued under the Second Amended Credit Facility, resulting in an unused borrowing base capacity of $1,334.8 million. The weighted average interest rate incurred on the outstanding Second Amended Credit Facility borrowings for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 was 2.8%. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenants of the Second Amended Credit Facility as of September 30, 2013.
Deferred financing costs. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had $42.3 million of deferred financing costs related to the Notes and the Second Amended Credit Facility. The deferred financing costs are included in deferred costs and other assets on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2013 and are being amortized over the respective terms of the Notes and the Second Amended Credit Facility. Amortization of deferred financing costs recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $1.0 million and $2.9 million, respectively, and $0.8 million and $2.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. These costs are included in interest expense on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
8. Asset Retirement Obligations
The following table reflects the changes in the Company’s ARO during the nine months ended September 30, 2013:
 
 
(In thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2012
$
23,234

Liabilities incurred during period
3,066

Liabilities settled during period
23

Accretion expense during period (1)
895

Revisions to estimates
213

Balance at September 30, 2013
$
27,431

 ___________________
(1)
Included in depreciation, depletion and amortization on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

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At September 30, 2013, the current portion of the total ARO balance was approximately $0.4 million and is included in accrued liabilities on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
9. Stock-Based Compensation
Restricted stock awards. The Company has granted restricted stock awards to employees and directors under its 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan, the majority of which vest over a three-year period. The fair value of restricted stock grants is based on the value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Compensation expense is recognized ratably over the requisite service period. Beginning January 1, 2013, the Company assumed annual forfeiture rates by employee group ranging from 0% to 11% based on the Company’s forfeiture history for this type of award as adjusted for management’s expectations of forfeitures.
Stock-based compensation expense recorded for restricted stock awards for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $2.6 million and $7.1 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, stock-based compensation expense recorded for restricted stock awards was $2.6 million and $6.5 million, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense is included in general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Performance share units. The Company has granted performance share units (“PSUs”) to officers of the Company under its 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan. The PSUs are awards of restricted stock units, and each PSU that is earned represents the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock.
Each grant of PSUs is subject to a designated three-year initial performance period. The number of PSUs to be earned is subject to a market condition, which is based on a comparison of the total shareholder return (“TSR”) achieved with respect to shares of the Company’s common stock against the TSR achieved by a defined peer group at the end of the performance period. Depending on the Company’s performance relative to the defined peer group, an award recipient will earn between 0% and 200% of the initial PSUs granted. If less than 200% of the initial PSUs granted are earned at the end of the initial performance period, then the performance period will be extended an additional year to give the recipient the opportunity to earn up to an aggregate of 200% of the initial PSUs granted.
The following table summarizes PSUs held by the Company’s officers at September 30, 2013:
 
 
PSUs
 
Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value
per Unit
Non-vested PSUs at December 31, 2012
155,220

 
$
26.22

Granted
135,620

 
42.01

Vested

 

Forfeited
(21,540
)
 
32.89

Non-vested PSUs at September 30, 2013
269,300

 
$
33.64


The Company accounted for these PSUs as equity awards pursuant to the FASB’s authoritative guidance for share-based payments. The aggregate grant date fair value of the market-based awards was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which results in an expected percentage of PSUs earned. The fair value of these PSUs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the performance period. As it is probable that a portion of the awards will be earned during the extended performance period, the grant date fair value will be amortized over four years. However, if 200% of the initial PSUs granted are earned at the end of the initial performance period, then the remaining compensation expense will be accelerated in order to be fully recognized over three years. All compensation expense related to the PSUs will be recognized if the requisite performance period is fulfilled, even if the market condition is not achieved.
The Monte Carlo simulation model uses assumptions regarding random projections and must be repeated numerous times to achieve a probabilistic assessment. The key valuation assumptions for the Monte Carlo model are the forecast period, initial value, risk-free rate, volatility and correlation coefficients. The risk-free rate is the U.S. treasury rate on the date of grant. The initial value is the average of the volume weighted average prices for the 30 trading days prior to the start of the performance cycle for the Company and each of its peers. Volatility is the standard deviation of the average percentage in stock price over a historical two-year period for the Company and each of its peers. The correlation coefficients are measures of the strength of the linear relationship between and amongst the Company and its peers estimated based on historical stock price data. Beginning January 1, 2013, the Company assumed an annual forfeiture rate of 2.7% based on management’s expectations of forfeitures for all PSUs granted.

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Table of Contents

The following assumptions were used for the Monte Carlo model to determine the grant date fair value and associated stock-based compensation expense of the PSUs granted:
 
 
2013 Grants
 
2012 Grants
Forecast period (years)
4.00

 
4.01

Risk-free rate
0.65
%
 
0.46
%
Oasis volatility
47.48
%
 
51.00
%
Based on these assumptions, the Monte Carlo simulation model resulted in an expected percentage of PSUs earned of 112% and 98% for the 2013 and 2012 grants, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense recorded for PSUs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $0.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively, and is included in general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Stock-based compensation expense recorded for PSUs for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $0.2 million.
10. Income Taxes
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 was 38.2% and 37.2%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 was 38.5% and 37.6%, respectively. These rates were consistent with the statutory tax rate applicable to the U.S. and the blended state rate for the states in which the Company conducts business. As of September 30, 2013, the Company did not have any uncertain tax positions requiring adjustments to its tax liability.
The Company had deferred tax assets for its federal and state tax loss carryforwards at September 30, 2013 recorded in current deferred taxes. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of September 30, 2013, management determined that a valuation allowance was not required for the tax loss carryforwards as they are expected to be fully utilized before expiration.
11. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the periods presented. The calculation of diluted earnings per share includes the impact of potentially dilutive non-vested restricted shares outstanding during the periods presented, unless their effect is anti-dilutive. There are no adjustments made to income available to common stockholders in the calculation of diluted earnings per share.
The following is a calculation of the basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012: 
 
Three Months Ended 
 September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In thousands)
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
92,449

 
92,186

 
92,408

 
92,164

Dilution effect of stock awards at end of period
387

 
230

 
430

 
179

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
92,836

 
92,416

 
92,838

 
92,343

Anti-dilutive stock-based compensation awards
789

 
748

 
719

 
541


12. Business Segment Information


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In the first quarter of 2012, the Company began its well services business segment (OWS) to perform completion services for the Company’s oil and natural gas wells operated by OPNA. Revenues for the well services segment are derived from providing well completion services and related product sales. In the first quarter of 2013, the Company formed its midstream services business segment (OMS) to perform salt water disposal and other midstream services for the Company’s oil and natural gas wells operated by OPNA. Revenues for the midstream segment are primarily derived from providing salt water disposal services. Prior to 2013, the salt water disposal systems were owned by OPNA, and the related income was included as a reduction to lease operating expenses. The revenues and expenses related to work performed by OWS and OMS for OPNA’s working interests are eliminated in consolidation, and only the revenues and expenses related to non-affiliated working interest owners are included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Prior to 2012, the Company only operated its exploration and production segment. The exploration and production segment is engaged in the acquisition and development of oil and natural gas properties and includes the complementary marketing services provided by OPM. Revenues for the exploration and production segment are primarily derived from the sale of oil and natural gas production. These segments represent the Company’s three current operating units, each offering different products and services. The Company’s corporate activities have been allocated to the supported business segments accordingly.
Management evaluates the performance of the Company’s business segments based on operating income, which is defined as segment operating revenues less expenses. Summarized financial information for the Company’s segments is shown in the following table:
 
 
Exploration and
Production
 
Well Services
 
Midstream Services
 
Consolidated
 
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2013:
 
Revenues
$
286,952

 
$
57,116

 
$
7,597

 
$
351,665

Inter-segment revenues

 
(40,026
)
 
(6,141
)
 
(46,167
)
Total revenues
286,952

 
17,090

 
1,456

 
305,498

Operating income
140,765

 
5,870

 
4,227

 
150,862

Other income (expense)
(62,628
)
 
(20
)
 

 
(62,648
)
Income before income taxes
78,137

 
5,850

 
4,227

 
88,214

Three Months Ended September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
$
178,748

 
$
37,160

 
$

 
$
215,908

Inter-segment revenues

 
(31,197
)
 

 
(31,197
)
Total revenues
178,748

 
5,963

 

 
184,711

Operating income (loss)
89,279

 
(17,241
)
 

 
72,038

Other income (expense)
(42,273
)
 

 

 
(42,273
)
Income (loss) before income taxes
47,006

 
(17,241
)
 

 
29,765

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013:
 
Revenues
$
770,445

 
$
124,266

 
$
19,451

 
$
914,162

Inter-segment revenues

 
(90,000
)
 
(15,778
)
 
(105,778
)
Total revenues
770,445

 
34,266

 
3,673

 
808,384

Operating income
359,121

 
11,744

 
11,400

 
382,265

Other income (expense)
(106,159
)
 
(11
)
 

 
(106,170
)
Income before income taxes
252,962

 
11,733

 
11,400

 
276,095

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
$
461,857

 
$
54,909

 
$

 
$
516,766

Inter-segment revenues

 
(44,425
)
 

 
(44,425
)
Total revenues
461,857

 
10,484

 

 
472,341

Operating income
190,257

 
116

 

 
190,373

Other income (expense)
(12,863
)
 

 

 
(12,863
)
Income before income taxes
177,394

 
116

 

 
177,510

Total Assets:
 
As of September 30, 2013
$
3,916,554

 
$
68,869

 
$
97,960

 
$
4,083,383

As of December 31, 2012
2,475,820

 
52,974

 

 
2,528,794

13. Commitments and Contingencies

16

Table of Contents

Lease obligations. The Company’s total rental commitments under leases for office space and other property and equipment at September 30, 2013 were $11.5 million.
Drilling contracts. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had certain drilling rig contracts with initial terms greater than one year. In the event of early contract termination under these contracts, the Company would be obligated to pay approximately $24.9 million as of September 30, 2013 for the days remaining through the end of the primary terms of the contracts.
Volume commitment agreements. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had certain agreements with an aggregate requirement to deliver a minimum quantity of approximately 14.3 MMBbl and 12.8 Bcf from its Williston Basin project areas within specified timeframes, all of which are less than six years. Future obligations under these agreements were approximately $55.5 million as of September 30, 2013.

Investment commitment. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had a remaining capital commitment to invest, expend and/or incur expenses of $7.2 million in connection with drilling and completion activities for certain wells located in the Company’s East Nesson project area, in exchange for the transfer of assets in connection with the East Nesson Acquisitions.
Litigation. The Company is party to various legal and/or regulatory proceedings from time to time arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes all such matters are without merit and involve amounts which, if resolved unfavorably, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

14. Condensed Consolidating Financial Information
The Notes (see Note 7) are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Guarantors, which are 100% owned by the Company. These guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several among the Guarantors. Certain of the Company’s immaterial wholly owned subsidiaries do not guarantee the Notes (“Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries”).
The following financial information reflects consolidating financial information of the Company (“Issuer”) and its Guarantors on a combined basis, prepared on the equity basis of accounting. The Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries are immaterial and, therefore, not presented separately. The information is presented in accordance with the requirements of Rule 3-10 under the SEC’s Regulation S-X. The financial information may not necessarily be indicative of results of operations, cash flows or financial position had the Guarantors operated as independent entities. The Company has not presented separate financial and narrative information for each of the Guarantors because it believes such financial and narrative information would not provide any additional information that would be material in evaluating the sufficiency of the Guarantors.
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
(In thousands, except share data)
 
 
September 30, 2013
 
Parent/
Issuer
 
Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Intercompany
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
32,955

 
$
92,485

 
$

 
$
125,440

Restricted cash
986,210

 

 

 
986,210

Accounts receivable – oil and gas revenues

 
155,068

 

 
155,068

Accounts receivable – joint interest partners

 
120,058

 

 
120,058

Accounts receivable – from affiliates
770

 
8,432

 
(9,202
)
 

Inventory

 
18,358

 

 
18,358

Prepaid expenses
477

 
6,963

 

 
7,440

Advances to joint interest partners

 
1,170

 

 
1,170

Derivative instruments

 
374

 

 
374

Deferred income taxes

 
8,683

 

 
8,683

Other current assets
2

 
471

 

 
473

Total current assets
1,020,414

 
412,062

 
(9,202
)
 
1,423,274

Property, plant and equipment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas properties (successful efforts method)

 
3,044,515

 

 
3,044,515

Other property and equipment

 
157,926

 

 
157,926

Less: accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment

 
(589,173
)
 

 
(589,173
)
Total property, plant and equipment, net

 
2,613,268

 

 
2,613,268

Investments in and advances to subsidiaries
2,082,828

 

 
(2,082,828
)
 

Derivative instruments

 
3,405

 

 
3,405

Deferred income taxes
69,795

 

 
(69,795
)
 

Deferred costs and other assets
34,128

 
9,308

 

 
43,436

Total assets
$
3,207,165

 
$
3,038,043

 
$
(2,161,825
)
 
$
4,083,383

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$

 
$
39,468

 
$

 
$
39,468

Accounts payable – from affiliates
8,432

 
770

 
(9,202
)
 

Advances from joint interest partners

 
13,211

 

 
13,211

Revenues and production taxes payable

 
133,083

 

 
133,083

Accrued liabilities
46

 
198,447

 

 
198,493

Accrued interest payable
22,809

 
64

 

 
22,873

Derivative instruments

 
17,060

 

 
17,060

Total current liabilities
31,287

 
402,103

 
(9,202
)
 
424,188

Long-term debt
2,200,000

 
160,000

 

 
2,360,000

Asset retirement obligations

 
26,999

 

 
26,999

Derivative instruments

 
852

 

 
852

Deferred income taxes

 
362,951

 
(69,795
)
 
293,156

Other liabilities

 
2,310

 

 
2,310

Total liabilities
2,231,287

 
955,215

 
(78,997
)
 
3,107,505

Stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital contributions from affiliates

 
1,643,729

 
(1,643,729
)
 

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 93,854,867 issued and 93,690,494 outstanding
926

 

 

 
926

Treasury stock, at cost; 164,373 shares
(5,220
)
 

 

 
(5,220
)
Additional paid-in-capital
666,770

 
8,743

 
(8,743
)
 
666,770

Retained earnings
313,402

 
430,356

 
(430,356
)
 
313,402

Total stockholders’ equity
975,878

 
2,082,828

 
(2,082,828
)
 
975,878

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
3,207,165

 
$
3,038,043

 
$
(2,161,825
)
 
$
4,083,383



17

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
(In thousands, except share data)

 
December 31, 2012
 
Parent/
Issuer
 
Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Intercompany
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
133,797

 
$
79,650

 
$

 
$
213,447

Short-term investments
25,891

 

 

 
25,891

Accounts receivable – oil and gas revenues

 
110,341

 

 
110,341

Accounts receivable – joint interest partners

 
99,194

 

 
99,194

Accounts receivable – from affiliates
310

 
5,845

 
(6,155
)
 

Inventory

 
20,707

 

 
20,707

Prepaid expenses
313

 
1,457

 

 
1,770

Advances to joint interest partners

 
1,985

 

 
1,985

Derivative instruments

 
19,016

 

 
19,016

Other current assets
235

 
100

 

 
335

Total current assets
160,546

 
338,295

 
(6,155
)
 
492,686

Property, plant and equipment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas properties (successful efforts method)

 
2,348,128

 

 
2,348,128

Other property and equipment

 
49,732

 

 
49,732

Less: accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment

 
(391,260
)
 

 
(391,260
)
Total property, plant and equipment, net

 
2,006,600

 

 
2,006,600

Investments in and advances to subsidiaries
1,807,010

 

 
(1,807,010
)
 

Derivative instruments

 
4,981

 

 
4,981

Deferred income taxes
42,746

 

 
(42,746
)
 

Deferred costs and other assets
20,748

 
3,779

 

 
24,527

Total assets
$
2,031,050

 
$
2,353,655

 
$
(1,855,911
)
 
$
2,528,794

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
9

 
$
12,482

 
$

 
$
12,491

Accounts payable – from affiliates
5,845

 
310

 
(6,155
)
 

Advances from joint interest partners

 
21,176

 

 
21,176

Revenues and production taxes payable

 
71,553

 

 
71,553

Accrued liabilities
100

 
189,763

 

 
189,863

Accrued interest payable
30,091

 
5

 

 
30,096

Derivative instruments

 
1,048

 

 
1,048

Deferred income taxes

 
4,558

 

 
4,558

Total current liabilities
36,045

 
300,895

 
(6,155
)
 
330,785

Long-term debt
1,200,000

 

 

 
1,200,000

Asset retirement obligations

 
22,956

 

 
22,956

Derivative instruments

 
380

 

 
380

Deferred income taxes

 
220,417

 
(42,746
)
 
177,671

Other liabilities

 
1,997

 

 
1,997

Total liabilities
1,236,045

 
546,645

 
(48,901
)
 
1,733,789

Stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital contributions from affiliates

 
1,586,780

 
(1,586,780
)
 

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 93,432,712 issued and 93,303,298 outstanding
925

 

 

 
925

Treasury stock, at cost; 129,414 shares
(3,796
)
 

 

 
(3,796
)
Additional paid-in-capital
657,943

 
8,743

 
(8,743
)
 
657,943

Retained earnings
139,933

 
211,487

 
(211,487
)
 
139,933

Total stockholders’ equity
795,005

 
1,807,010

 
(1,807,010
)
 
795,005

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
2,031,050

 
$
2,353,655

 
$
(1,855,911
)
 
$
2,528,794



18

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations
(In thousands)

 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2013
 
Parent/
Issuer
 
Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Intercompany
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenues
$

 
$
286,952

 
$

 
$
286,952

Well services and midstream revenues

 
18,546

 

 
18,546

Total revenues

 
305,498

 

 
305,498

Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lease operating expenses

 
21,831

 

 
21,831

Well services and midstream operating expenses

 
10,319

 

 
10,319

Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses

 
5,688

 

 
5,688

Production taxes

 
26,823

 

 
26,823

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 
72,728

 

 
72,728

Exploration expenses

 
463

 

 
463

Impairment of oil and gas properties

 
56

 

 
56

General and administrative expenses
3,746

 
12,982

 

 
16,728

Total expenses
3,746

 
150,890

 

 
154,636

Operating income (loss)
(3,746
)
 
154,608

 

 
150,862

Other income (expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity in earnings in subsidiaries
70,118

 

 
(70,118
)
 

Net loss on derivative instruments

 
(39,817
)
 

 
(39,817
)
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest
(21,277
)
 
(1,577
)
 

 
(22,854
)
Other income
15

 
8

 

 
23

Total other income (expense)
48,856

 
(41,386
)
 
(70,118
)
 
(62,648
)
Income before income taxes
45,110

 
113,222

 
(70,118
)
 
88,214

Income tax benefit (expense)
9,389

 
(43,104
)
 

 
(33,715
)
Net income
$
54,499

 
$
70,118

 
$
(70,118
)
 
$
54,499


Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations
(In thousands)

 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
Parent/
Issuer
 
Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Intercompany
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenues
$

 
$
178,748

 
$

 
$
178,748

Well services revenues

 
5,963

 

 
5,963

Total revenues

 
184,711

 

 
184,711

Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lease operating expenses

 
16,134

 

 
16,134

Well services operating expenses

 
5,420

 

 
5,420

Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses

 
2,744

 

 
2,744

Production taxes

 
16,433

 

 
16,433

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 
57,684

 

 
57,684

Exploration expenses

 
336

 

 
336

Impairment of oil and gas properties

 
36

 

 
36

General and administrative expenses
2,988

 
10,898

 

 
13,886

Total expenses
2,988

 
109,685

 

 
112,673

Operating income (loss)
(2,988
)
 
75,026

 

 
72,038

Other income (expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity in earnings in subsidiaries
32,735

 

 
(32,735
)
 

Net loss on derivative instruments

 
(22,441
)
 

 
(22,441
)
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest
(20,307
)
 
(672
)
 

 
(20,979
)
Other income
238

 
909

 

 
1,147

Total other income (expense)
12,666

 
(22,204
)
 
(32,735
)
 
(42,273
)
Income before income taxes
9,678

 
52,822

 
(32,735
)
 
29,765

Income tax benefit (expense)
8,636

 
(20,087
)
 

 
(11,451
)
Net income
$
18,314

 
$
32,735

 
$
(32,735
)
 
$
18,314


Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations
(In thousands)

 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013
 
Parent/
Issuer
 
Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Intercompany
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenues
$

 
$
770,445

 
$

 
$
770,445

Well services and midstream revenues

 
37,939

 

 
37,939

Total revenues

 
808,384

 

 
808,384

Expenses

 

 

 

Lease operating expenses

 
59,586

 

 
59,586

Well services and midstream operating expenses

 
19,877

 

 
19,877

Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses

 
19,856

 

 
19,856

Production taxes

 
70,309

 

 
70,309

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 
205,779

 

 
205,779

Exploration expenses

 
2,712

 

 
2,712

Impairment of oil and gas properties

 
762

 

 
762

General and administrative expenses
10,146

 
37,092

 

 
47,238

Total expenses
10,146

 
415,973

 

 
426,119

Operating income (loss)
(10,146
)
 
392,411

 

 
382,265

Other income (expense)

 

 

 

Equity in earnings in subsidiaries
218,869

 

 
(218,869
)
 

Net loss on derivative instruments

 
(41,838
)
 

 
(41,838
)
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest
(61,955
)
 
(3,474
)
 

 
(65,429
)
Other income
(348
)
 
1,445

 

 
1,097

Total other income (expense)
156,566

 
(43,867
)
 
(218,869
)
 
(106,170
)
Income before income taxes
146,420

 
348,544

 
(218,869
)
 
276,095

Income tax benefit (expense)
27,049

 
(129,675
)
 

 
(102,626
)
Net income
$
173,469

 
$
218,869

 
$
(218,869
)
 
$
173,469


Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations
(In thousands)

 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
Parent/
Issuer
 
Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Intercompany
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Revenues

 

 

 

Oil and gas revenues
$

 
$
461,857

 
$

 
$
461,857

Well services and midstream revenues

 
10,484

 

 
10,484

Total revenues

 
472,341

 

 
472,341

Expenses

 

 

 

Lease operating expenses

 
37,979

 

 
37,979

Well services and midstream operating expenses

 
7,104

 

 
7,104

Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses

 
7,283

 

 
7,283

Production taxes

 
43,419

 

 
43,419

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 
140,783

 

 
140,783

Exploration expenses

 
3,171

 

 
3,171

Impairment of oil and gas properties

 
2,607

 

 
2,607

General and administrative expenses
8,078

 
31,544

 

 
39,622

Total expenses
8,078

 
273,890

 

 
281,968

Operating income (loss)
(8,078
)
 
198,451

 

 
190,373

Other income (expense)

 

 

 

Equity in earnings in subsidiaries
145,021

 

 
(145,021
)
 

Net gain on derivative instruments

 
33,568

 

 
33,568

Interest expense, net of capitalized interest
(47,136
)
 
(1,816
)
 

 
(48,952
)
Other income
533

 
1,988

 

 
2,521

Total other income (expense)
98,418

 
33,740

 
(145,021
)
 
(12,863
)
Income before income taxes
90,340

 
232,191

 
(145,021
)
 
177,510

Income tax benefit (expense)
20,458

 
(87,170
)
 

 
(66,712
)
Net income
$
110,798

 
$
145,021

 
$
(145,021
)
 
$
110,798



19

Table of Contents

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013
 
Parent/
Issuer
 
Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Intercompany
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$
173,469

 
$
218,869

 
$
(218,869
)
 
$
173,469

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
(218,869
)
 

 
218,869

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 
205,779

 

 
205,779

Impairment of oil and gas properties

 
762

 

 
762

Deferred income taxes
(27,049
)
 
129,293

 

 
102,244

Derivative instruments

 
41,838

 

 
41,838

Stock-based compensation expenses
8,196

 
215

 

 
8,411

Debt discount amortization and other
2,850

 
(157
)
 

 
2,693

Working capital and other changes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in accounts receivable
(460
)
 
(69,614
)
 
2,587

 
(67,487
)
Change in inventory

 
(8,820
)
 

 
(8,820
)
Change in prepaid expenses
(164
)
 
(5,011
)
 

 
(5,175
)
Change in other current assets
233

 
(371
)
 

 
(138
)
Change in other assets

 
(63
)
 

 
(63
)
Change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
(4,758
)
 
89,591

 
(2,587
)
 
82,246

Change in other current liabilities

 

 

 

Change in other liabilities

 
922

 

 
922

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
(66,552
)
 
603,233

 

 
536,681

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures

 
(654,175
)
 

 
(654,175
)
Acquisitions of oil and gas properties

 
(133,061
)
 

 
(133,061
)
Increase in restricted cash
(986,210
)
 

 

 
(986,210
)
Derivative settlements

 
(5,135
)
 

 
(5,135
)
Redemptions of short-term investments
25,000

 

 

 
25,000

Advances from joint interest partners

 
(7,965
)
 

 
(7,965
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(961,210
)
 
(800,336
)
 

 
(1,761,546
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from credit facility

 
160,000

 

 
160,000

Proceeds from issuance of senior notes
1,000,000

 

 

 
1,000,000

Purchases of treasury stock
(1,424
)
 

 

 
(1,424
)
Debt issuance costs
(15,340
)
 
(6,378
)
 

 
(21,718
)
Investment in / capital contributions from affiliates
(56,316
)
 
56,316

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities
926,920

 
209,938

 

 
1,136,858

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
(100,842
)
 
12,835

 

 
(88,007
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
133,797

 
79,650

 

 
213,447

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
32,955

 
$
92,485

 
$

 
$
125,440



Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
Parent/
Issuer
 
Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Intercompany
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$
110,798

 
$
145,021

 
$
(145,021
)
 
$
110,798

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
(145,021
)
 

 
145,021

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 
140,783

 

 
140,783

Impairment of oil and gas properties

 
2,607

 

 
2,607

Deferred income taxes
(20,458
)
 
87,106

 

 
66,648

Derivative instruments

 
(33,568
)
 

 
(33,568
)
Stock-based compensation expenses
6,397

 
230

 

 
6,627

Debt discount amortization and other
1,616

 
422

 

 
2,038

Working capital and other changes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in accounts receivable
(203
)
 
(70,899
)
 
1,939

 
(69,163
)
Change in inventory

 
(26,790
)
 

 
(26,790
)
Change in prepaid expenses
(192
)
 
(1,817
)
 

 
(2,009
)
Change in other current assets
(60
)
 
473

 

 
413

Change in other assets
(24
)
 
(95
)
 

 
(119
)
Change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
8,620

 
72,398

 
(1,939
)
 
79,079

Change in other current liabilities

 
4,784

 

 
4,784

Net cash provided by operating activities
(38,527
)
 
320,655

 

 
282,128

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures

 
(777,516
)
 

 
(777,516
)
Derivative settlements

 
2,784

 

 
2,784

Purchases of short-term investments
(126,213
)
 

 

 
(126,213
)
Redemptions of short-term investments
19,994

 

 

 
19,994

Advances from joint interest partners

 
17,508

 

 
17,508

Net cash used in investing activities
(106,219
)
 
(757,224
)
 

 
(863,443
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of senior notes
400,000

 

 
 
 
400,000

Purchases of treasury stock
(1,299
)
 

 

 
(1,299
)
Debt issuance costs
(7,255
)
 
(700
)
 

 
(7,955
)
Investment in / capital contributions from affiliates
(459,012
)
 
459,012

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(67,566
)
 
458,312

 

 
390,746

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
(212,312
)
 
21,743

 

 
(190,569
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
443,482

 
27,390

 

 
470,872

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
231,170

 
$
49,133

 
$

 
$
280,303


15. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated the period after the balance sheet date, noting no subsequent events or transactions that required recognition or disclosure in the financial statements, other than as noted below.
West Williston acquisition. On October 1, 2013, the Company acquired approximately 136,000 net acres in and around its position in North Dakota in its West Williston project area (the “West Williston Acquisition”) for $1,478.6 million, which included a $72.5 million deposit made in September 2013, and is subject to further customary post close adjustments. The Company funded the West Williston Acquisition with proceeds from its issuance of the 2022 Notes and borrowings under its

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revolving credit facility (see below and Note 7 – Long-Term Debt). The West Williston Acquisition will be accounted for as a business combination.
Senior secured revolving line of credit. On October 1, 2013, the Company borrowed an additional $440.0 million under its Second Amended Credit Facility, resulting in total outstanding indebtedness under the Second Amended Credit Facility of $605.2 million and an unused borrowing base capacity of $894.8 million. After the closing of the 2022 Notes and the West Williston Acquisition, the Lenders kept the borrowing base of the Second Amended Credit Facility at $1,500.0 million.
Drilling contracts. In October 2013, the Company assumed an additional long-term drilling rig contract as part of the West Williston Acquisition. In the event of early termination under this contract, the Company would be obligated to pay an additional maximum amount of approximately $9.7 million if terminated immediately after execution.
Purchase agreements. In October 2013, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase well fracturing equipment. The future obligation under this agreement is $3.6 million.




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Item 2. — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 (“2012 Annual Report”), as well as the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “could,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may,” “continue,” “predict,” “potential,” “project” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. In particular, the factors discussed below and detailed under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our 2012 Annual Report could affect our actual results and cause our actual results to differ materially from expectations, estimates, or assumptions expressed in, forecasted in, or implied in such forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements may include statements about:
our business strategy;
estimated future net reserves and present value thereof;
technology;
cash flows and liquidity;
our financial strategy, budget, projections, execution of business plan and operating results;
oil and natural gas realized prices;
timing and amount of future production of oil and natural gas;
availability of drilling, completion and production equipment and materials;
availability of qualified personnel;
owning and operating well services and midstream companies;
the amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures;
availability and terms of capital;
integration and benefits of property acquisitions, including our recent acquisitions of oil and gas properties in our West Williston and East Nesson project areas, or the effects of such acquisitions on our cash position and levels of indebtedness;
property acquisitions;
costs of exploiting and developing our properties and conducting other operations;
drilling and completion of wells;
estimated inventory of wells remaining to be drilled and completed;
infrastructure for salt water disposal;
gathering, transportation and marketing of oil and natural gas, both in the Williston Basin and other regions in the United States;
general economic conditions;
operating environment, including inclement weather conditions;
competition in the oil and natural gas industry;
effectiveness of risk management activities;
environmental liabilities;
counterparty credit risk;
governmental regulation and the taxation of the oil and natural gas industry;
developments in oil-producing and natural gas-producing countries;
uncertainty regarding future operating results; and
plans, objectives, expectations and intentions contained in this report that are not historical.
All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We disclaim any obligation to update or revise these statements unless required by securities law, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements we make in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are reasonable, we can give no assurance that

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these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. Some of the key factors which could cause actual results to vary from our expectations include changes in oil and natural gas prices, the timing of planned capital expenditures, availability of acquisitions, uncertainties in estimating proved reserves and forecasting production results, operational factors affecting the commencement or maintenance of producing wells, the condition of the capital markets generally, as well as our ability to access them, the proximity to and capacity of transportation facilities, and uncertainties regarding environmental regulations or litigation and other legal or regulatory developments affecting our business, as well as those factors discussed below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, all of which are difficult to predict. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.
Overview
We are an independent exploration and production (“E&P”) company focused on the acquisition and development of unconventional oil and natural gas resources primarily in the Montana and North Dakota regions of the Williston Basin. Since our inception, we have acquired properties that provide current production and significant upside potential through further development. Our drilling activity is primarily directed toward projects that we believe can provide us with repeatable successes in the Bakken and Three Forks formations. Oasis Petroleum North America LLC (“OPNA”) conducts our domestic oil and natural gas E&P activities. We also operate a marketing business, Oasis Petroleum Marketing LLC (“OPM”), a well services business, Oasis Well Services LLC (“OWS”), and a midstream services business, Oasis Midstream Services LLC (“OMS”), which are all complementary to our primary development and production activities. OWS and OMS are separate reportable business segments. The revenues and expenses related to work performed by OPM, OWS and OMS for OPNA’s working interests are eliminated in consolidation and, therefore, do not directly contribute to our consolidated results of operations.
Our use of capital for acquisitions and development allows us to direct our capital resources to what we believe to be the most attractive opportunities as market conditions evolve. We have historically acquired properties that we believe will meet or exceed our rate of return criteria. For acquisitions of properties with additional development, exploitation and exploration potential, we have focused on acquiring properties that we expect to operate so that we can control the timing and implementation of capital spending. In some instances, we have acquired non-operated property interests at what we believe to be attractive rates of return either because they provided a foothold in a new area of interest or complemented our existing operations. We intend to continue to acquire both operated and non-operated properties to the extent we believe they meet our return objectives. In addition, the acquisition of non-operated properties in new areas provides us with geophysical and geologic data that may lead to further acquisitions in the same area, whether on an operated or non-operated basis.
Due to the geographic concentration of our oil and natural gas properties in the Williston Basin, we believe the primary sources of opportunities, challenges and risks related to our business for both the short and long-term are:
Commodity prices for oil and natural gas;
Transportation capacity;
Availability and cost of services; and
Availability of qualified personnel.
Our revenue, profitability and future growth rate depend substantially on factors beyond our control, such as economic, political and regulatory developments as well as competition from other sources of energy. Oil and natural gas prices historically have been volatile and may fluctuate widely in the future. Sustained periods of low prices for oil or natural gas could materially and adversely affect our financial position, our results of operations, the quantities of oil and natural gas reserves that we can economically produce and our access to capital.
Prices for oil and natural gas can fluctuate widely in response to relatively minor changes in the global and regional supply of and demand for oil and natural gas, as well as market uncertainty, economic conditions and a variety of additional factors. Since the inception of our oil and natural gas activities, commodity prices have experienced significant fluctuations. We enter into crude oil sales contracts with purchasers who have access to crude oil transportation capacity, utilize derivative financial instruments to manage our commodity price risk, and enter into physical delivery contracts to manage our price differentials. In an effort to improve price realizations from the sale of our oil and natural gas, we manage our commodities marketing activities in-house, which enables us to market and sell our oil and natural gas to a broader array of potential purchasers. Due to the availability of other markets and pipeline connections, we do not believe that the loss of any single oil or natural gas customer would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or cash flows. Additionally, we sell a significant amount of our crude oil production through gathering systems connected to multiple pipeline and rail facilities. These gathering systems, which originate at the wellhead, reduce the need to transport barrels by truck from the wellhead. As of September 30, 2013, we were flowing approximately 85% of our gross operated oil production through these gathering systems.

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Changes in commodity prices may also significantly affect the economic viability of drilling projects and economic recovery of oil and gas reserves. As a result of higher commodity prices and continued successes in the application of completion technologies in the Bakken formation, there were approximately 188 active drilling rigs in the Williston Basin at September 30, 2013. Both production and takeaway capacity have grown rapidly in the Williston Basin throughout 2012 and 2013. In the first half of 2012, price differentials were at or above the historical average discount range of 10% to 15% to the price quoted for NYMEX West Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) crude oil due to production growth in the Williston Basin combined with refinery and transportation constraints. In the third quarter of 2012, our price differentials relative to WTI began to narrow, primarily due to transportation capacity additions, including expanded rail infrastructure and pipeline expansions, outpacing production growth. In the fourth quarter of 2012 and into the first quarter of 2013, average price differentials continued to narrow, primarily due to our ability to access premium coastal markets by rail. As the premium at coastal markets contracted during the second and third quarters of 2013, our price differentials relative to WTI increased. Our market optionality on the crude oil gathering systems allows us to shift volumes between pipeline and rail markets in order to optimize price realizations.
Third Quarter 2013 Highlights:
We completed and placed on production 38 gross (27.7 net) operated wells in the Williston Basin during the three months ended September 30, 2013;
We had 37 gross operated wells awaiting completion and 9 gross operated wells in the process of being drilled in the Bakken and Three Forks formations at September 30, 2013;
Average daily production was 33,064 Boe per day during the three months ended September 30, 2013;
E&P capital expenditures were $370.9 million, consisting primarily of $224.2 million in drilling and completion expenditures and $127.7 million for the acquisition of oil and gas properties during the three months ended September 30, 2013; and
At September 30, 2013, we had $125.4 million of cash and cash equivalents, and $160.0 million of outstanding borrowings and $5.2 million of outstanding letters of credit under our revolving credit facility.
Executed four separate purchase and sale agreements to acquire approximately 161,000 net acres in the Williston Basin, all of which have closed as of October 1, 2013.
Issued $1,000.0 million in senior notes due in 2022 and increased borrowing base to $1,500.0 million.

Results of Operations
Revenues
Our oil and gas revenues are derived from the sale of oil and natural gas production. These revenues do not include the effects of derivative instruments and may vary significantly from period to period as a result of changes in volumes of production sold or changes in commodity prices. Our well services and midstream revenues are primarily derived from well completion activity and salt water disposal for third-party working interest owners in OPNA’s operated wells.
The following table summarizes our revenues and production data for the periods presented:
 

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Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
Change
 
2013
 
2012
 
Change
Operating results (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil
$
273,663

 
$
173,752

 
$
99,911

 
$
737,963

 
$
443,686

 
$
294,277

Natural gas
13,289

 
4,996

 
8,293

 
32,482

 
18,171

 
14,311

Well services and midstream
18,546

 
5,963

 
12,583

 
37,939

 
10,484

 
27,455

Total revenues
305,498

 
184,711

 
120,787

 
808,384

 
472,341

 
336,043

Production data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil (MBbls)
2,716

 
2,076

 
640

 
7,687

 
5,232

 
2,455

Natural gas (MMcf)
1,954

 
937

 
1,017

 
4,883

 
2,740

 
2,143

Oil equivalents (MBoe)
3,042

 
2,232

 
810

 
8,501

 
5,688

 
2,813

Average daily production (Boe/d)
33,064

 
24,257

 
8,807

 
31,140

 
20,761

 
10,379

Average sales prices:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil, without derivative settlements (per Bbl) (1)
$
100.75

 
$
83.71

 
$
17.04

 
$
95.24

 
$
84.52

 
$
10.72

Oil, with derivative settlements (per Bbl) (1) (2)
97.78

 
86.24

 
11.54

 
94.58

 
85.05

 
9.53

Natural gas (per Mcf) (3)
6.80

 
5.33

 
1.47

 
6.65

 
6.63

 
0.02

____________________
(1)
Average sales prices for oil are calculated using total oil revenues, excluding bulk oil sales, divided by oil production. Bulk oil sales totaled $5.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and $1.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.
(2)
Realized prices include gains or losses on cash settlements for commodity derivatives, which do not qualify for and were not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes.
(3)
Natural gas prices include the value for natural gas and natural gas liquids.
Three months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to three months ended September 30, 2012
Total revenues. Our total revenues increased $120.8 million, or 65%, to $305.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. Our primary revenues are a function of oil and natural gas production volumes sold and average sales prices received for those volumes. Average daily production sold increased by 8,807 Boe per day, or 36%, to 33,064 Boe per day during the three months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. The increase in average daily production sold was primarily a result of our well completions during the twelve months ended September 30, 2013, offsetting the decline in production in wells that were producing as of September 30, 2012. Average daily production in our East Nesson, West Williston and Sanish project areas increased by approximately 5,707 Boe per day, 2,654 Boe per day and 446 Boe per day, respectively, during the third quarter of 2013 as compared to the third quarter of 2012. Average oil sales prices, without derivative settlements, increased by $17.04/Bbl to an average of $100.75/Bbl for the three months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. The higher production amounts sold increased revenues by $71.5 million, while higher oil and natural gas prices increased revenues by $36.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012.
Well services revenues increased $11.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012 due to an increase in well completion activity and related product sales. Midstream revenues totaled $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013. There were no midstream revenues during the third quarter of 2012 because OMS did not commence activity until the first quarter of 2013. Prior to 2013, the salt water disposal systems were owned by OPNA, and the related income was included as a reduction to lease operating expenses. Well services and midstream revenues represent revenue for third-party working interest owners in OPNA’s operated wells only, as work performed by OWS and OMS for OPNA’s working interests are eliminated in consolidation.
Nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to nine months ended September 30, 2012
Total revenues. Our total revenues increased $336.0 million, or 71%, to $808.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. Our primary revenues are a function of oil and natural gas production volumes sold and average sales prices received for those volumes. Average daily production sold increased by 10,379 Boe per day, or 50%, to 31,140 Boe per day during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The increase in average daily production sold was primarily a result of our well completions during the twelve months ended September 30, 2013, offsetting the decline in production in wells that

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were producing as of September 30, 2012. Average daily production in our East Nesson, West Williston and Sanish project areas increased by approximately 5,154 Boe per day, 4,668 Boe per day and 557 Boe per day, respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. Average oil sales prices, without derivative settlements, increased by $10.72/Bbl to an average of $95.24/Bbl for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The higher production amounts sold increased revenues by $248.1 million, while higher oil and natural gas prices increased revenues by $56.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. In addition, bulk oil sales related to marketing activities included in oil revenues increased $4.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012.
Well services revenues increased $23.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012 due to an increase in well completion activity and related product sales. Midstream revenues totaled $3.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013. There were no midstream revenues during 2012 because OMS did not commence activity until the first quarter of 2013. Prior to 2013, the salt water disposal systems were owned by OPNA, and the related income was included as a reduction to lease operating expenses. Well services and midstream revenues represent revenue for third-party working interest owners in OPNA’s operated wells only, as work performed by OWS and OMS for OPNA’s working interests are eliminated in consolidation.
Expenses
The following table summarizes our operating expenses for the periods presented:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
$ Change
 
2013
 
2012
 
$ Change
Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lease operating expenses (1)
$
21,831

 
$
16,134

 
$
5,697

 
$
59,586

 
$
37,979

 
$
21,607

Well services and midstream operating expenses
10,319

 
5,420

 
4,899

 
19,877

 
7,104

 
12,773

Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses
5,688

 
2,744

 
2,944

 
19,856

 
7,283

 
12,573

Production taxes
26,823

 
16,433

 
10,390

 
70,309

 
43,419

 
26,890

Depreciation, depletion and amortization
72,728

 
57,684

 
15,044

 
205,779

 
140,783

 
64,996

Exploration expenses
463

 
336

 
127

 
2,712

 
3,171

 
(459
)
Impairment of oil and gas properties
56

 
36

 
20

 
762

 
2,607

 
(1,845
)
General and administrative expenses
16,728

 
13,886

 
2,842

 
47,238

 
39,622

 
7,616

Total expenses
154,636

 
112,673

 
41,963

 
426,119

 
281,968

 
144,151

Operating income
150,862

 
72,038

 
78,824

 
382,265

 
190,373

 
191,892

Other income (expense):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gain (loss) on derivative instruments
(39,817
)
 
(22,441
)
 
(17,376
)
 
(41,838
)
 
33,568

 
(75,406
)
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest
(22,854
)
 
(20,979
)
 
(1,875
)
 
(65,429
)
 
(48,952
)
 
(16,477
)
Other income
23

 
1,147

 
(1,124
)
 
1,097

 
2,521

 
(1,424
)
Total other income (expense)
(62,648
)
 
(42,273
)
 
(20,375
)
 
(106,170
)
 
(12,863
)
 
(93,307
)
Income before income taxes
88,214

 
29,765

 
58,449

 
276,095

 
177,510

 
98,585

Income tax expense
33,715

 
11,451

 
22,264

 
102,626

 
66,712

 
35,914

Net income
$
54,499

 
$
18,314

 
$
36,185

 
$
173,469

 
$
110,798

 
$
62,671

Cost and expense (per Boe of production):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lease operating expenses (1)
$
7.18

 
$
7.23

 
$
(0.05
)
 
$
7.01

 
$
6.68

 
$
0.33

Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses
1.87

 
1.23

 
0.64

 
2.34

 
1.28

 
1.06

Production taxes
8.82

 
7.36

 
1.46

 
8.27

 
7.63

 
0.64

Depreciation, depletion and amortization
23.91

 
25.85

 
(1.94
)
 
24.21

 
24.75

 
(0.54
)
General and administrative expenses
5.50

 
6.22

 
(0.72
)
 
5.56

 
6.97

 
(1.41
)
 ___________________
(1)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, lease operating expenses include midstream income and operating expenses, which are included in well services and midstream revenues and well services and midstream operating expenses, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013.

Three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to three months ended September 30, 2012

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Lease operating expenses. Lease operating expenses increased $5.7 million to $21.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was primarily due to the costs associated with operating an increased number of producing wells and associated produced fluid volumes as a result of our well completions, partially offset by lower costs for equipment rentals, hot oil treatments, chemical treatments and repairs during the three months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. The formation of OMS in the first quarter of 2013 resulted in income related to midstream activity being included in well services and midstream revenues, rather than as a reduction to lease operating expenses. Lease operating expenses decreased from $7.23 per Boe for the three months ended September 30, 2012 to $7.18 per Boe for the three months ended September 30, 2013. Excluding the formation of OMS, lease operating expenses would have been $6.50 per Boe for the three months ended September 30, 2013.
Well services and midstream operating expenses. Well services and midstream operating expenses represent third-party working interest owners’ share of completion service costs and cost of goods sold incurred by OWS and midstream operating expenses incurred by OMS. The $4.9 million increase for the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012 was attributable to a $4.5 million increase from OWS’ well completion activity and related product sales, and a $0.4 million increase related to midstream services operating expenses. There were no midstream services operating expenses during the third quarter of 2012 because OMS did not commence activity until the first quarter of 2013.
Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses. The $2.9 million increase for the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily attributable to higher operated volumes flowing through third-party gathering pipelines during the three months ended September 30, 2013. The transporting of volumes through third-party oil gathering pipelines increases marketing, transportation and gathering expenses but improves oil price realizations by reducing transportation costs included in our oil price differential for sales at the wellhead.
Production taxes. Our production taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were 9.4% and 9.2% respectively, as a percentage of oil and natural gas sales. The third quarter 2013 production tax rate was higher than the third quarter 2012 production tax rate primarily due to the decreased weighting of oil revenues on certain new wells in Montana that are subject to lower incentivized production tax rates.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”). DD&A expense increased $15.0 million to $72.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. This increase in DD&A expense for the three months ended September 30, 2013 was primarily a result of our production increases from our wells completed during the twelve months ended September 30, 2013. The DD&A rate for the three months ended September 30, 2013 was $23.91 per Boe compared to $25.85 per Boe for the three months ended September 30, 2012. The decrease in DD&A rate was a result of lower well costs for wells completed during the second half of 2012 and the first half of 2013.
Impairment of oil and gas properties. During the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $56,000 and $36,000, respectively, for expiring leases and periodic assessments of unproved properties. No impairment charges of proved oil and gas properties were recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2013 or 2012.
General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses. Our G&A expenses increased $2.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 from $13.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012. Of this increase, approximately $2.4 million related to increased employee compensation expense due to our organizational growth and $0.4 million was due to increased amortization of our restricted stock awards and performance share units quarter over quarter. As of September 30, 2013, we had 356 full-time employees compared to 259 full-time employees as of September 30, 2012.
Derivative instruments. As a result of our derivative activities, we incurred a cash settlement net loss of $8.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and a cash settlement net gain of $5.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012. In addition, as a result of forward oil price changes, we recognized a $31.8 million and a $27.7 million non-cash mark-to-market net derivative loss during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Interest expense. Interest expense increased $1.9 million to $22.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. The increase was primarily the result of interest expense incurred on our senior unsecured notes issued in September 2013 at an interest rate of 6.875% coupled with interest expense incurred on borrowings under our revolving credit facility during September 2013. Loans under our revolving credit facility were $160.0 million at September 30, 2013. There were no borrowings under our revolving credit facility during the three months ended September 30, 2012. Interest capitalized during the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 was $1.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively.


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Income taxes. Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 was recorded at 38.2% and 38.5% of pre-tax net income, respectively. Our effective tax rate is expected to continue to closely approximate the statutory rate applicable to the U.S. and the blended state rate of the states in which we conduct business.

Nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2012
Lease operating expenses. Lease operating expenses increased $21.6 million to $59.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was primarily due to the costs associated with operating an increased number of producing wells and associated produced fluid volumes as a result of our well completions. Additionally, the formation of OMS in the first quarter of 2013 resulted in income related to midstream activity being included in well services and midstream revenues, rather than as a reduction to lease operating expenses. Lease operating expenses increased from $6.68 per Boe for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 to $7.01 per Boe for the nine months ended September 30, 2013. Excluding the formation of OMS, lease operating expenses would have been $6.05 per Boe for the nine months ended September 30, 2013.
Well services and midstream operating expenses. Well services and midstream operating expenses represent third-party working interest owners’ share of completion service costs and cost of goods sold incurred by OWS and midstream operating expenses incurred by OMS. The $12.8 million increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was attributable to a $11.9 million increase from OWS’ well completion activity and related product sales, and a $0.8 million increase related to midstream services operating expenses. There were no midstream services operating expenses during the first nine months of 2012 because OMS did not commence activity until the first quarter of 2013.
Marketing, transportation and gathering expenses. The $12.6 million increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily attributable to a $7.7 million increase related to higher operated volumes flowing through third-party gathering pipelines and a $4.4 million increase in bulk oil purchases made by OPM. The transporting of volumes through third-party oil gathering pipelines increases marketing, transportation and gathering expenses but improves oil price realizations by reducing transportation costs included in our oil price differential for sales at the wellhead.
Production taxes. Our production taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were 9.2% and 9.4%, respectively, as a percentage of oil and natural gas sales. The production tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was lower than the production tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 primarily due to the increased weighting of oil revenues on certain new wells in Montana that are subject to lower incentivized production tax rates.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”). DD&A expense increased $65.0 million to $205.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This increase in DD&A expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was primarily a result of our production increases from our wells completed during the twelve months ended September 30, 2013. The DD&A rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $24.21 per Boe compared to $24.75 per Boe for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The decrease in DD&A rate was a result of lower well costs for wells completed during the second half of 2012 and the first half of 2013.
Impairment of oil and gas properties. During the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $0.8 million and $2.6 million, respectively, for expiring leases and periodic assessments of unproved properties. No impairment charges of proved oil and gas properties were recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 or 2012.
General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses. Our G&A expenses increased $7.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 from $39.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. Of this increase, approximately $8.2 million related to increased employee compensation expenses due to our organizational growth and $1.9 million was due to increased amortization of our restricted stock awards and performance share units period over period. As of September 30, 2013, we had 356 full-time employees compared to 259 full-time employees as of September 30, 2012. There were offsetting decreases of $0.9 million related to OWS and $1.0 million related to the formation of OMS during the nine months ended September 30, 2013.
Derivative instruments. As a result of our derivative activities, we incurred a cash settlement net loss of $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and a cash settlement net gain of $2.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. In addition, as a result of forward oil price changes, we recognized a $36.7 million non-cash mark-to-market net derivative loss during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and a $30.8 million non-cash mark-to-market net derivative gain during the nine months ended September 30, 2012.

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Interest expense. Interest expense increased $16.5 million to $65.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The increase was primarily the result of interest expense incurred on our senior unsecured notes issued in July 2012 and September 2013 at an interest rate of 6.875% coupled with interest expense incurred on borrowings under our revolving credit facility during September 2013. Loans under our revolving credit facility were $160.0 million at September 30, 2013. There were no borrowings under our revolving credit facility during the nine months ended September 30 2012. Interest capitalized during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 was $3.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively.

Income taxes. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 was recorded at 37.2% and 37.6% of pre-tax net income, respectively. Our effective tax rate is expected to continue to closely approximate the statutory rate applicable to the U.S. and the blended state rate of the states in which we conduct business.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity as of the date of this report are proceeds from our senior unsecured notes, cash flows from operations and borrowings and availability under our revolving credit facility. Our primary use of capital has been for the development and acquisition of oil and natural gas properties. We continually monitor potential capital sources, including selling assets, equity financings, debt financings and other strategic alternatives, in order to meet our planned capital expenditures and liquidity requirements. Our future success in growing proved reserves and production will be highly dependent on our ability to access outside sources of capital.
Our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 are presented below:
 
 
Nine Months Ended 
 September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities
$
536,681

 
$
282,128

Net cash used in investing activities
(1,761,546
)
 
(863,443
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
1,136,858

 
390,746

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents
$
(88,007
)
 
$
(190,569
)
Our cash flows depend on many factors, including the price of oil and natural gas and the success of our development and exploration activities as well as future acquisitions. We actively manage our exposure to commodity price fluctuations by executing derivative transactions to mitigate the change in oil prices on a portion of our production, thereby mitigating our exposure to oil price declines, but these transactions may also limit our cash flow in periods of rising oil prices. For additional information on the impact of changing prices on our financial position, see “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”
Cash flows provided by operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities was $536.7 million and $282.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The increase in cash flows provided by operating activities for the period ended September 30, 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily the result of our 50% increase in oil and natural gas production coupled with an increase in well completion services and related product sales related to non-affiliated working interest owners.
Cash flows used in investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $1,761.5 million and $863.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was primarily attributable to $986.2 million for restricted cash held in escrow pending the closing of the acquisition of approximately 136,000 net acres in our West Williston project area, which closed on October 1, 2013 (the “West Williston Acquisition”), capital expenditures primarily for drilling and development costs of $654.2 million, and $133.1 million for the acquisition of oil and gas properties, which includes a $72.5 million deposit for the West Williston Acquisition and $54.8 million for the acquisition of approximately 25,000 net acres in our East Nesson project area on September 26, 2013 (the “East Nesson Acquisitions”). Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was primarily attributable to capital expenditures for drilling and development costs.
Our capital expenditures for drilling, development, acquisition, OWS and non-E&P costs are summarized in the following table:

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Nine Months Ended 
 September 30, 2013
 
(In thousands)
Project Area:
 
West Williston
$
357,672

East Nesson
273,293

Sanish
35,484

Acquisitions (1)
127,253

Total E&P capital expenditures (2)
793,702

OWS
6,260

Non-E&P capital expenditures (3)
6,750

Total capital expenditures (4)
$
806,712

 ___________________
(1)
Acquisitions include $54.8 million for the East Nesson Acquisitions, which closed in September 2013, and the $72.5 million deposit for the West Williston Acquisition, which closed in October 2013.
(2)
Total E&P capital expenditures include $15.7 million for OMS, primarily related to pipelines and salt water disposal wells.
(3)
Non-E&P capital expenditures include such items as administrative capital and capitalized interest.
(4)
Capital expenditures reflected in the table above differ from the amounts shown in the statement of cash flows in our condensed consolidated financial statements because amounts reflected in the table above include accrued liabilities for capital expenditures, while the amounts presented in the statement of cash flows are presented on a cash basis.

Our total 2013 capital expenditure budget, excluding the East Nesson Acquisitions and the West Williston Acquisition, is $1,020 million, which consists of:

$897 million of drilling and completion capital expenditures for operated and non-operated wells (including expected savings from services provided by OWS);
$43 million for constructing infrastructure to support production in our core project areas, primarily related to salt water disposal systems;
$25 million for maintaining and expanding our leasehold position;
$10 million for micro-seismic work, purchasing seismic data and other test work;
$21 million for facilities and other miscellaneous E&P capital expenditures;
$14 million for OWS; and
$10 million for other non-E&P capital, including items such as administrative capital and capitalized interest.
While we have budgeted $1,020 million for these purposes, the ultimate amount of capital we will expend may fluctuate materially based on market conditions and the success of our drilling and operations results as the year progresses. We believe that the net proceeds from our senior unsecured notes, together with cash on hand, cash flows from operating activities and availability under our revolving credit facility, should be sufficient to fund our 2013 capital expenditure budget. However, because the operated wells funded by our 2013 drilling plan represent only a small percentage of our gross identified drilling locations, we will be required to generate or raise multiples of this amount of capital to develop our entire inventory of identified drilling locations should we elect to do so.
Our capital budget may be adjusted as business conditions warrant. The amount, timing and allocation of capital expenditures is largely discretionary and within our control. If oil and natural gas prices decline or costs increase significantly, we could defer a significant portion of our budgeted capital expenditures until later periods to prioritize capital projects that we believe have the highest expected returns and potential to generate near-term cash flows. We routinely monitor and adjust our capital expenditures in response to changes in prices, availability of financing, drilling and acquisition costs, industry conditions, the timing of regulatory approvals, the availability of rigs, success or lack of success in drilling activities, contractual obligations, internally generated cash flows and other factors both within and outside our control.
Cash flows provided by financing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,136.9 million and $390.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, cash sourced through financing activities was primarily provided by the proceeds from the issuance of our senior unsecured notes in September 2013 and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, cash sourced through financing activities was primarily provided by the proceeds from the issuance of our senior unsecured notes in July 2012. For both the

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nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, these cash sources were offset by deferred financing costs related to our senior unsecured notes and the semi-annual redetermination of our borrowing base under our senior secured revolving line of credit as well as the purchases of treasury stock for shares withheld by us equivalent to the payroll tax withholding obligations due from employees upon the vesting of restricted stock awards.
Senior unsecured notes. On February 2, 2011, we issued $400.0 million of 7.25% senior unsecured notes due February 1, 2019 (the “2019 Notes”). Interest is payable on the 2019 Notes semi-annually in arrears on each February 1 and August 1, commencing August 1, 2011. The 2019 Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our material subsidiaries. The issuance of these 2019 Notes resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $390.0 million, which we used to fund our exploration, development and acquisition program and for general corporate purposes.
At any time prior to February 1, 2014, we may redeem up to 35% of the 2019 Notes at a redemption price of 107.25% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the proceeds of certain equity offerings as long as the redemption occurs within 180 days of completing such equity offering and at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2019 Notes remains outstanding after such redemption. Prior to February 1, 2015, we may redeem some or all of the 2019 Notes for cash at a redemption price equal to 100% of their principal amount plus an applicable make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. On and after February 1, 2015, we may redeem some or all of the 2019 Notes at redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) equal to 103.625% for the twelve-month period beginning on February 1, 2015, 101.813% for the twelve-month period beginning on February 1, 2016 and 100.00% beginning on February 1, 2017, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
On November 10, 2011, we issued $400.0 million of 6.5% senior unsecured notes due November 1, 2021 (the “2021 Notes”). Interest is payable on the 2021 Notes semi-annually in arrears on each May 1 and November 1, commencing May 1, 2012. The 2021 Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our material subsidiaries. The issuance of these 2021 Notes resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $393.4 million, which we used to fund our exploration, development and acquisition program and for general corporate purposes.

At any time prior to November 1, 2014, we may redeem up to 35% of the 2021 Notes at a redemption price of 106.5% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the proceeds of certain equity offerings as long as the redemption occurs within 180 days of completing such equity offering and at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2021 Notes remains outstanding after such redemption. Prior to November 1, 2016, we may redeem some or all of the 2021 Notes for cash at a redemption price equal to 100% of their principal amount plus an applicable make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. On and after November 1, 2016, we may redeem some or all of the 2021 Notes at redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) equal to 103.25% for the twelve-month period beginning on November 1, 2016, 102.167% for the twelve-month period beginning on November 1, 2017, 101.083% for the twelve-month period beginning on November 1, 2018 and 100.00% beginning on November 1, 2019, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
On July 2, 2012, we issued $400.0 million of 6.875% senior unsecured notes due January 15, 2023 (the “2023 Notes”). Interest is payable on the 2023 Notes semi-annually in arrears on each January 15 and July 15, commencing January 15, 2013. The 2023 Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our material subsidiaries. The issuance of these 2023 Notes resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $392.4 million, which we used to fund our exploration, development and acquisition program and for general corporate purposes.
At any time prior to July 15, 2015, we may redeem up to 35% of the 2023 Notes at a redemption price of 106.875% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the proceeds of certain equity offerings as long as the redemption occurs within 180 days of completing such equity offering and at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes remains outstanding after such redemption. Prior to July 15, 2017, we may redeem some or all of the 2023 Notes for cash at a redemption price equal to 100% of their principal amount plus an applicable make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. On and after July 15, 2017, we may redeem some or all of the 2023 Notes at redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) equal to 103.438% for the twelve-month period beginning on July 15, 2017, 102.292% for the twelve-month period beginning on July 15, 2018, 101.146% for the twelve-month period beginning on July 15, 2019 and 100.00% beginning on July 15, 2020, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
On September 24, 2013, we issued $1,000.0 million of 6.875% senior unsecured notes due March 15, 2022 (the “2022 Notes”). Interest is payable on the 2022 Notes semi-annually in arrears on each March 15 and September 15, commencing March 15, 2014. The 2022 Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our material subsidiaries. The issuance of these 2022 Notes resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $983.0 million, which we used to fund a portion of the $1,478.6 million purchase price of the West Williston Acquisition.

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At any time prior to September 15, 2017, we may redeem up to 35% of the 2022 Notes at a redemption price of 106.875% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the proceeds of certain equity offerings as long as the redemption occurs within 180 days of completing such equity offering and at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2022 Notes remains outstanding after such redemption. Prior to September 15, 2017, we may redeem some or all of the 2022 Notes for cash at a redemption price equal to 100% of their principal amount plus an applicable make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. On and after September 15, 2017, we may redeem some or all of the 2022 Notes at redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) equal to 103.438% for the twelve-month period beginning on September 15, 2017, 101.719% for the twelve-month period beginning on September 15, 2018 and 100.00% beginning on September 15, 2019, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
The indentures governing our 2019 Notes, 2021 Notes, 2023 Notes and 2022 Notes (collectively, the “Notes”) restrict our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to: (i) incur additional debt or enter into sale and leaseback transactions; (ii) pay distributions on, redeem or repurchase equity interests; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) incur liens; (v) enter into transactions with affiliates; (vi) merge or consolidate with another company; and (vii) transfer and sell assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. If at any time when our Notes are rated investment grade by both Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and no default (as defined in the indentures) has occurred and is continuing, many of such covenants will terminate and we will cease to be subject to such covenants.
Senior secured revolving line of credit. On April 5, 2013, we entered into a second amended and restated credit agreement (the “Second Amended Credit Facility”). In connection with entry into the Second Amended Credit Facility, the semi-annual redetermination of our borrowing base was also completed on April 5, 2013, which resulted in an increase to the borrowing base of the Second Amended Credit Facility from $750.0 million to $1,250.0 million. However, we elected to limit the aggregate commitment of the lenders under the Second Amended Credit Facility (the “Lenders”) to $900.0 million. In addition, under the Second Amended Credit Facility, the overall credit facility increased from $1,000.0 million to $2,500.0 million. On September 3, 2013, we entered into an amendment to our Second Amended Credit Facility (the “Amendment”). In connection with the Amendment, the lenders under our revolving credit facility completed their regular semi-annual redetermination of the borrowing base scheduled for October 1, 2013. Following the redetermination, our borrowing base increased from $1,250.0 million to $1,500.0 million and elected commitments also totaled $1,500.0 million.
Borrowings under our Second Amended Credit Facility are collateralized by perfected first priority liens and security interests on substantially all of our assets, including mortgage liens on oil and natural gas properties having at least 80% of the reserve value as determined by reserve reports. At our election, interest is generally determined by reference to (i) the London interbank offered rate, or LIBOR, plus an applicable margin between 1.50% and 2.50% per annum; or (ii) a domestic bank prime rate plus an applicable margin between 0.00% and 1.00% per annum.
As of September 30, 2013, we had $160.0 million of borrowings and $5.2 million outstanding letters of credit under our Second Amended Credit Facility, resulting in an unused borrowing base capacity of $1,334.8 million. On October 1, 2013, we borrowed an additional $440.0 million under our Second Amended Credit Facility, resulting in total outstanding borrowings under the Second Amended Credit Facility of $600.0 million and an unused borrowing base capacity of $894.8 million. We used the borrowings under the Second Amended Credit Facility to fund the East Nesson Acquisitions and a portion of the West Williston Acquisition.
The Second Amended Credit Facility also contains certain financial covenants and customary events of default. If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the Lenders may declare all amounts outstanding under our Second Amended Credit Facility to be immediately due and payable. As of September 30, 2013, we were in compliance with the financial covenants of our Second Amended Credit Facility.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments
See Note 5 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our money market funds and derivative instruments and their related fair value measurements. See also Item 3. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” below.

Contractual Obligations

We have the following contractual obligations and commitments as of September 30, 2013 (in thousands):

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Contractual Obligations
Total
Within 1 Year
1-3 Years
3-5 Years
More Than 5 Years
Operating leases (1)
$
11,491

$
2,838

$
5,751

$
2,902

$

Drilling rig commitments (1)
24,852

20,604

4,248



Volume commitment agreements (1)
55,490

4,576

25,689

21,565

3,660

Investment commitment (1)
7,227


7,227



Senior unsecured notes (2)
2,200,000




2,200,000

Interest payments on senior unsecured notes (2)
1,267,399

123,024

302,500

302,500

539,375

Borrowings under revolving credit facility (2)
160,000



160,000


Interest payments on borrowings under revolving credit facility (2)
1,574

1,574




Asset retirement obligations (3)
27,431

432

1,422

415

25,162

Total
$
3,755,464

$
153,048

$
346,837

$
487,382

$
2,768,197

 __________________
(1)
See Note 13 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a description of our operating leases, drilling rig commitments, volume commitment agreements and investment commitment.
(2)
See Note 7 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a description of our senior unsecured notes and revolving credit facility.
(3)
Amounts represent our estimate of future asset retirement obligations on an undiscounted basis. Because these costs typically extend many years into the future, estimating these future costs requires management to make estimates and judgments that are subject to future revisions based upon numerous factors, including the rate of inflation, changing technology and the political and regulatory environment. See Note 8 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in our 2012 Annual Report other than those noted below.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash represents aggregate net proceeds from the issuance of the 2022 Notes, which were held in escrow as of September 30, 2013 pending the closing of the West Williston Acquisition. If the West Williston Acquisition had not closed prior to December 12, 2013, we would have been required to use the restricted cash to redeem all of the 2022 Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the initial offering price, plus accrued and unpaid interest through the date of redemption.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Currently, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In the ordinary course of business, we enter into various commitment agreements and other contractual obligations, some of which are not recognized in our consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. See Note 13 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a description of our commitments and contingencies.

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Item 3. — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The following market risk disclosures should be read in conjunction with the quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk contained in our 2012 Annual Report, as well as with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
We are exposed to a variety of market risks including commodity price risk, interest rate risk and counterparty and customer risk. We address these risks through a program of risk management, including the use of derivative instruments.
Commodity price exposure risk. We are exposed to market risk as the prices of oil and natural gas fluctuate as a result of changes in supply and demand and other factors. To partially reduce price risk caused by these market fluctuations, we have entered into derivative instruments in the past and expect to enter into derivative instruments in the future to cover a significant portion of our future production.
We utilize derivative financial instruments to manage risks related to changes in oil prices. As of September 30, 2013, we utilized two-way and three-way collar options, put spreads, swaps and swaps with sub-floors to reduce the volatility of oil prices on a significant portion of our future expected oil production. A two-way collar is a combination of options: a sold call and a purchased put. The purchased put establishes a minimum price (floor) and the sold call establishes a maximum price (ceiling) we will receive for the volumes under contract. A three-way collar is a combination of options: a sold call, a purchased put and a sold put. The purchased put establishes a minimum price (floor), unless the market price falls below the sold put (sub-floor), at which point the minimum price would be WTI crude oil index price plus the difference between the purchased put and the sold put strike price. The sold call establishes a maximum price (ceiling) we will receive for the volumes under contract. A put spread is a combination of a purchased put and a sold put, and in this case does not include a sold call, allowing the volumes under this contract to have no established maximum price (ceiling). A swap is a sold call and a purchased put established at the same price (both ceiling and floor). A swap with a sub-floor is a swap coupled with a sold put (sub-floor) at which point the minimum price would be WTI crude oil index price plus the difference between the swap and the sold put strike price.
We recognize all derivative instruments at fair value. The credit standing of our counterparties is analyzed and factored into the fair value amounts recognized on the balance sheet. Derivative assets and liabilities arising from our derivative contracts with the same counterparty are also reported on a net basis, as all counterparty contracts provide for net settlement.
The following is a summary of our derivative contracts as of September 30, 2013:
 
Settlement
Period
 
Derivative
Instrument
 
Total
Notional
Amount of Oil
 
Weighted Average Prices
 
Fair Value
Asset
(Liability)
 
 
 
Swap
 
Sub-Floor
 
Floor
 
Ceiling
 
 
 
 
 
(Barrels)
 
($/Barrel)
 
(In thousands)
2013
 
Two-way collars
 
836,000

 
 
 
 
 
$
92.11

 
$
103.45

 
$
(2,636
)
2013
 
Three-way collars
 
832,330

 
 
 
$
67.63

 
92.01

 
110.97

 
(118
)
2013
 
Put spreads
 
168,670

 
 
 
70.89

 
90.89

 
 
 
4

2013
 
Swaps
 
880,500

 
$
97.29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5,118
)
2014
 
Two-way collars
 
1,510,000

 
 
 
 
 
90.77

 
102.06

 
(159
)
2014
 
Three-way collars
 
3,530,530

 
 
 
70.30

 
90.65

 
105.64

 
2,497

2014
 
Put spreads
 
11,470

 
 
 
70.00

 
90.00

 
 
 
10

2014
 
Swaps
 
2,218,500

 
95.87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2,486
)
2014
 
Swaps with sub-floors
 
2,004,000

 
92.60

 
70.00

 
 
 
 
 
(7,202
)
2015
 
Two-way collars
 
108,500

 
 
 
 
 
90.00

 
99.86

 
284

2015
 
Three-way collars
 
263,500

 
 
 
70.59

 
90.59

 
105.25

 
723

2015
 
Swaps
 
108,500

 
93.07

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
148

2015
 
Swaps with sub-floors
 
186,000

 
92.60

 
70.00

 
 
 
 
 
(80
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
(14,133
)
Interest rate risk. We had (i) $400.0 million of senior unsecured notes at a fixed cash interest rate of 7.25% per annum, (ii) $400.0 million of senior unsecured notes at a fixed cash interest rate of 6.5% per annum and (iii) $1,400.0 million of senior unsecured notes at a fixed cash interest rate of 6.875% per annum outstanding at September 30, 2013. At September 30, 2013, we had $160.0 million of borrowings and $5.2 million letters of credit outstanding under our Second Amended Credit Facility, which were subject to varying rates of interest based on (1) the total outstanding borrowings (including the value of all

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outstanding letters of credit) in relation to the borrowing base and (2) whether the loan is a London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) loan or a domestic bank prime interest rate loan (defined in the Second Amended Credit Facility as an Alternate Based Rate or “ABR” loan). At September 30, 2013, the outstanding borrowings under our Second Amended Credit Facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.5%. We do not currently, but may in the future, utilize interest rate derivatives to alter interest rate exposure in an attempt to reduce interest rate expense related to debt issued under our Second Amended Credit Facility. Interest rate derivatives would be used solely to modify interest rate exposure and not to modify the overall leverage of the debt portfolio.
Counterparty and customer credit risk. Joint interest receivables arise from billing entities which own partial interest in the wells we operate. These entities participate in our wells primarily based on their ownership in leases on which we choose to drill. We have limited ability to control participation in our wells. We are also subject to credit risk due to concentration of our oil and natural gas receivables with several significant customers. The inability or failure of our significant customers to meet their obligations to us or their insolvency or liquidation may adversely affect our financial results. In addition, our oil and natural gas derivative arrangements expose us to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties. However, in order to mitigate the risk of nonperformance, we only enter into derivative contracts with counterparties that are high credit-quality financial institutions, most of which are lenders under our Second Amended Credit Facility. This risk is also managed by spreading our derivative exposure across several institutions and limiting the hedged volumes placed under individual contracts.
While we do not require all of our customers to post collateral and we do not have a formal process in place to evaluate and assess the credit standing of our significant customers for oil and natural gas receivables and the counterparties on our derivative instruments, we do evaluate the credit standing of such counterparties as we deem appropriate under the circumstances. This evaluation may include reviewing a counterparty’s credit rating, latest financial information and, in the case of a customer with which we have receivables, their historical payment record, the financial ability of the customer’s parent company to make payment if the customer cannot and undertaking the due diligence necessary to determine credit terms and credit limits. Several of our significant customers for oil and natural gas receivables have a credit rating below investment grade or do not have rated debt securities. In these circumstances, we have considered the lack of investment grade credit rating in addition to the other factors described above.
We may, from time to time, purchase commercial paper instruments from high credit quality counterparties. These counterparties may include issuers in a variety of industries including the domestic and foreign financial sector. Our investment policy requires that our counterparties have minimum credit ratings thresholds and provides maximum counterparty exposure values. Although we do not anticipate any of our commercial paper issuers being unable to pay us upon maturity, we take a risk in purchasing the commercial paper instruments available in the marketplace. If a commercial paper issuer is unable to return investment proceeds to us at the maturity date, it could take a significant amount of time to recover all or a portion of the assets originally invested. Our commercial paper balance was $36,000 at September 30, 2013.
Most of the counterparties on our derivative instruments currently in place are lenders under our Second Amended Credit Facility with investment grade ratings. We are likely to enter into future derivative instruments with these or other lenders under our Second Amended Credit Facility, which also carry investment grade ratings. Furthermore, the agreements with each of the counterparties on our derivative instruments contain netting provisions. As a result of these netting provisions, our maximum amount of loss due to credit risk is limited to the net amounts due to and from the counterparties under the derivative contracts. We had a net derivative liability position of $14.1 million at September 30, 2013.
Item 4. — Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. As required by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), our principal executive officer; Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), our principal financial officer; and Chief Accounting Officer (“CAO”), the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of September 30, 2013. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed or submitted by us under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO, CFO and CAO as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our CEO, CFO and CAO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at September 30, 2013.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. — Legal Proceedings
See Part I, Item 1, Note 13 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements entitled “Commitments and Contingencies,” which is incorporated in this item by reference.
Item 1A. — Risk Factors
Our business faces many risks. Any of the risks discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and our other SEC filings could have a material impact on our business, financial position or results of operations. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also impair our business operations.
For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the information in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our 2012 Annual Report. Except for the risk factor set forth below, there have been no material changes in our risk factors from those described in our 2012 Annual Report.

We are subject to risks in connection with acquisitions, including the West Williston Acquisition and the East Nesson Acquisitions, because of uncertainties in evaluating recoverable reserves, well performance and potential liabilities, as well as uncertainties in forecasting oil and gas prices and future development, production and marketing costs, and the integration of significant acquisitions may be difficult.
We periodically evaluate acquisitions of reserves, properties, prospects and leaseholds and other strategic transactions that appear to fit within our overall business strategy. The successful acquisition of substantially all the assets we acquired in the West Williston Acquisition and the East Nesson Acquisitions as well as other producing properties that we acquire requires an assessment of several factors, including:
recoverable reserves;
future oil and natural gas prices and their appropriate differentials;
development and operating costs;
potential for future drilling and production;
validity of the seller’s title to the properties, which may be less than expected at the time of signing the purchase agreement; and
potential environmental issues, litigation and other liabilities.

The accuracy of these assessments is inherently uncertain. In connection with these assessments, we perform a review of the subject properties that we believe to be generally consistent with industry practices. Our review will not reveal all existing or potential problems nor will it permit us to become sufficiently familiar with the properties to fully assess their deficiencies and potential recoverable reserves. Inspections may not always be performed on every well, and environmental problems are not necessarily observable even when an inspection is undertaken. Even when problems are identified, the seller may be unwilling or unable to provide effective contractual protection against all or part of the problems. We often are not entitled to contractual indemnification for environmental liabilities or title defects in excess of the amounts claimed by us before closing and acquire properties on an “as is” basis. Indemnification from the sellers will generally be effective only during the 12-month period after the closing and subject to certain dollar limitations and minimums. We may not be able to collect on such indemnification because of disputes with the sellers or their inability to pay. Moreover, there is a risk that we could ultimately be liable for unknown obligations related to the West Williston Acquisition and the East Nesson Acquisitions, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Significant acquisitions and other strategic transactions may involve other risks, including:

diversion of our management’s attention to evaluating, negotiating and integrating significant acquisitions and strategic transactions;
the challenge and cost of integrating acquired operations, information management and other technology systems and business cultures with those of our operations while carrying on our ongoing business;
difficulty associated with coordinating geographically separate organizations;
an inability to secure, on acceptable terms, sufficient financing that may be required in connection with expanded operations and unknown liabilities; and
the challenge of attracting and retaining personnel associated with acquired operations.


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The process of integrating assets, including the assets acquired in the West Williston Acquisition and the East Nesson Acquisitions, could cause an interruption of, or loss of momentum in, the activities of our business. Members of our senior management may be required to devote considerable amounts of time to this integration process, which will decrease the time they will have to manage our business. If our senior management is not able to effectively manage the integration process, or if any significant business activities are interrupted as a result of the integration process, our business could suffer. In addition, even if we successfully integrate the assets acquired in the West Williston Acquisition, the East Nesson Acquisitions or another acquisition, it may not be possible to realize the full benefits we may expect in estimated proved reserves, production volume, cost savings from operating synergies or other benefits anticipated from an acquisition or realize these benefits within the expected time frame.
Anticipated benefits of an acquisition may be offset by operating losses relating to changes in commodity prices in oil and natural gas industry conditions, risks and uncertainties relating to the exploratory prospects of the combined assets or operations, failure to retain key personnel, an increase in operating or other costs or other difficulties. If we fail to realize the benefits we anticipate from an acquisition, our results of operations and stock price may be adversely affected.

Item 2. — Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Unregistered sales of securities. There were no sales of unregistered equity securities during the period covered by this report.
Issuer purchases of equity securities. The following table contains information about our acquisition of equity securities during the three months ended September 30, 2013:
 
Period
Total Number
of Shares
Exchanged (1)
 
Average Price
Paid
per Share
 
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
 
Maximum Number (or Approximate
Dollar Value) of Shares that May Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs
July 1 - July 31, 2013
787

 
$
40.15

 

 

August 1 - August 31, 2013
20,881

 
43.37

 

 

September 1 - September 30, 2013
2,997

 
39.58

 

 

Total
24,665

 
$
42.81

 

 

___________________ 
(1)
Represent shares that employees surrendered back to the Company that equaled in value the amount of taxes needed for payroll tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of restricted stock awards. These repurchases were not part of a publicly announced program to repurchase shares of our common stock, nor do we have a publicly announced program to repurchase shares of our common stock.

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Item 6. — Exhibits
Exhibit
No.
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
2.1
 
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated September 4, 2013, by and among Oasis Petroleum North America LLC and two undisclosed private sellers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2013).
 
 
 
4.1
 
Fourth Supplemental Indenture dated as of September 24, 2013 among the Company, the Guarantors and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 25, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
4.2
 
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of September 24, 2013 among the Company, the Guarantors and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 25, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
10.1
 
Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 5, 2013, among Oasis Petroleum Inc., as parent, Oasis Petroleum North America LLC, as borrower, the other credit parties party thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and the lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 9, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
10.2
 
First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of September 3, 2013 among Oasis Petroleum Inc., as Parent, Oasis Petroleum North America LLC, as Borrower, the Other Credit Parties thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and the Lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 5, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
10.3
 
Purchase Agreement dated as of September 10, 2013 among the Company, the Guarantors and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 11, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
31.1(a)
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Section 302 certification of Principal Executive Officer.
 
 
31.2(a)
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Section 302 certification of Principal Financial Officer.
 
 
32.1(b)
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Section 906 certification of Principal Executive Officer.
 
 
32.2(b)
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Section 906 certification of Principal Financial Officer.
 
 
101.INS (a)
 
XBRL Instance Document.
 
 
101.SCH (a)
 
XBRL Schema Document.
 
 
101.CAL (a)
 
XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.DEF (a)
 
XBRL Definition Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.LAB (a)
 
XBRL Labels Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.PRE (a)
 
XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document.
 ___________________
(a)
Filed herewith.
(b)
Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OASIS PETROLEUM INC.
 
 
 
 
 
Date:
November 7, 2013
 
By:
 
/s/ Thomas B. Nusz
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Thomas B. Nusz
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
 
/s/ Michael H. Lou
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Michael H. Lou
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
 
/s/ Roy W. Mace
 
 
 
 
 
 
Roy W. Mace
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX
 
 
 
 
Exhibit
No.
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
2.1
 
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated September 4, 2013, by and among Oasis Petroleum North America LLC and two undisclosed private sellers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2013).
 
 
 
4.1
 
Fourth Supplemental Indenture dated as of September 24, 2013 among the Company, the Guarantors and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 25, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
4.2
 
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of September 24, 2013 among the Company, the Guarantors and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 25, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
10.1
 
Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 5, 2013, among Oasis Petroleum Inc., as parent, Oasis Petroleum North America LLC, as borrower, the other credit parties party thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and the lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 9, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
10.2
 
First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of September 3, 2013 among Oasis Petroleum Inc., as Parent, Oasis Petroleum North America LLC, as Borrower, the Other Credit Parties thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and the Lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 5, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
10.3
 
Purchase Agreement dated as of September 10, 2013 among the Company, the Guarantors and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 11, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
 
31.1(a)
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Section 302 certification of Principal Executive Officer.
 
 
31.2(a)
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Section 302 certification of Principal Financial Officer.
 
 
32.1(b)
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Section 906 certification of Principal Executive Officer.
 
 
32.2(b)
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Section 906 certification of Principal Financial Officer.
 
 
101.INS (a)
 
XBRL Instance Document.
 
 
101.SCH (a)
 
XBRL Schema Document.
 
 
101.CAL (a)
 
XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.DEF (a)
 
XBRL Definition Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.LAB (a)
 
XBRL Labels Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.PRE (a)
 
XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document.
___________________ 
(a)
Filed herewith.
(b)
Furnished herewith.

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