Edgar Filing: SABA SOFTWARE INC

Prepared by MERRILL CORPORATION
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

/x/	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended November 30, 2001

/ /	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

0-19395
(Commission File number)

SABA SOFTWARE, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		94-3267638 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2400 Bridge Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA (Address of principal executive offices)		94065-1166 (Zip Code)

(650) 696-3840
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /x/ No / /

On December 31, 2001, 48,019,680 shares of the Registrant's Common Stock, $.001 par value, were outstanding.

SABA SOFTWARE, INC.
FORM 10-Q

QUARTER ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2001
INDEX

		Page
Part I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of November 30, 2001 and May 31, 2001	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended November 30, 2001 and 2000	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended November 30, 2001 and 2000	3
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	4
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	6
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	24
Part II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	25
Item 2.	Changes in Securities and Use Of Proceeds	25
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	25
Item 4.	Submission of Matters to a Vote of Securities Holders	25
Item 5.	Other Information	25
Item 6.	Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K	25
SIGNATURES		26

PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

SABA SOFTWARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

			November 30, 2001			May 31, 2001
ASSETS
Current assets:
	Cash and cash equivalents		$	11,911		$	11,833
	Short-term investments			14,859			22,500
	Accounts receivable, net			10,566			19,079
	Prepaid expenses and other current assets			1,133			1,406

		Total current assets		38,469			54,818
Property and equipment, net				6,358			7,997
Goodwill, net				6,565			—
Purchased intangible assets, net and other assets				5,153			5,296

		Total assets	$	56,545		$	68,111

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
	Accounts payable		$	2,486		$	4,479
	Accrued expenses			9,439			12,870
	Deferred revenue			10,830			16,900
	Current portion of capital lease obligations			1,649			1,613

		Total current liabilities		24,404			35,862
Deferred revenue				127			506
Notes payable and other long-term liabilities				2,579			2,107
Capital lease obligations, less current portion				930			1,677

		Total liabilities		28,040			40,152
Stockholders' equity:
	Preferred stock, issuable in series: $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 authorized shares at November 30, 2001 and May 31, 2001; none issued or outstanding			—			—
	Common stock: $0.001 par value; 200,000,000 authorized shares at November 30, 2001 and May 31, 2001; 47,888,082 shares issued at November 30, 2001 and 45,997,508 shares issued at May 31, 2001			48			46
	Additional paid-in capital			182,723			165,858
	Deferred stock compensation			(6,027	)		(7,448	)
	Notes receivable from stockholders			(734	)		(806	)
	Treasury stock: 337,500 shares at November 30, 2001 and 225,000 shares May 31, 2001, at cost			(101	)		(67	)
	Accumulated deficit			(147,547	)		(129,655	)
	Accumulated other comprehensive income			143			31

		Total stockholders' equity		28,505			27,959

		Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	56,545		$	68,111

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

SABA SOFTWARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

			Three Months Ended November 30,						Six Months Ended November 30,
			2001			2000			2001			2000
Revenues:
	License		$	6,764		$	5,708		$	13,772		$	10,128
	Services			6,755			7,315			14,240			12,943

		Total revenues		13,519			13,023			28,012			23,071

Cost of revenues:
	Cost of license			30			5			89			8
	Cost of services			3,426			5,553			7,605			10,476
	Amortization of acquired developed technology			388			—			760			—

		Total cost of revenues		3,844			5,558			8,454			10,484

Gross profit				9,675			7,465			19,558			12,587
Operating expenses:
	Research and development			3,883			5,445			8,008			11,008
	Sales and marketing			7,691			13,848			17,303			26,077
	General and administrative			1,690			2,556			3,681			5,088
	Amortization of deferred stock compensation and other stock charges			2,015			4,547			4,309			9,548
	Amortization of goodwill and purchased intangible assets			942			—			1,849			—
	Acquired in-process research and development			—			—			2,199			—

		Total operating expenses		16,221			26,396			37,349			51,721

Loss from operations				(6,546	)		(18,931	)		(17,791	)		(39,134	)
Interest (expense) income and other, net				(127	)		829			(56	)		1,933

Loss before provision for income taxes				(6,673	)		(18,102	)		(17,847	)		(37,201	)
Provision for income taxes				20			65			45			65

Net loss			$	(6,693	)	$	(18,167	)	$	(17,892	)	$	(37,266	)

Basic and diluted net loss per share			$	(0.14	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(0.39	)	$	(0.89	)

Shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share				46,281			42,119			45,891			41,915

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

SABA SOFTWARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

		Six months ended November 30,
		2001			2000
Operating activities:
Net loss		$	(17,892	)	$	(37,266	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
	Depreciation and amortization		1,827			1,255
	Amortization of goodwill and purchased intangible assets		1,849			—
	Amortization of acquired developed technology		760			—
	Amortization of deferred stock compensation		4,213			9,548
	Acquired in-process research and development		2,199			—
	Write-off of property and equipment		325			—
	Issuance of common stock for services		57			—
	Compensation expense resulting from acceleration of vesting of common stock		39			—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
	Accounts receivable		8,591			(17,173	)
	Prepaid expenses and other current assets		251			(813	)
	Accounts payable		(1,994	)		(1,232	)
	Accrued expenses		(3,456	)		7,007
	Deferred revenue		(6,449	)		8,717
	Other liabilities		473			508

Net cash used in operating activities			(9,207	)		(29,449	)
Investing activities:
Purchases of short-term investments			(18,170	)		(16,410	)
Proceeds from redemptions and maturities of short-term investments			25,845			—
Purchases of property and equipment			(461	)		(1,317	)
Decrease (increase) in other assets			122			(59	)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities			7,336			(17,786	)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock			2,692			330
Repurchase of common stock			(4	)		—
Principal payments under capital lease obligations			(781	)		(629	)
Collections on notes receivable from stockholders			42			138

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities			1,949			(161	)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents			78			(47,396	)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period			11,833			74,033

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period			11,911			26,637
Short-term investments, end of period			14,859			21,342

Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, end of period		$	26,770		$	47,979

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions:
Equipment purchased under capital lease obligations		$	—		$	1,076

Common stock issued for acquisition		$	14,078		$	—

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

SABA SOFTWARE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Saba Software, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Saba) and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of Saba's consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the dates and periods presented. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of May 31, 2001 has been prepared from Saba's audited consolidated financial statements.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with Saba's audited consolidated financial statements included in Saba's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 29, 2001. The results of operations for the three and six months ended November 30, 2001 are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire fiscal year ending May 31, 2002 or for any future period.

2. Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share information for all periods is presented under the requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 128, "Earnings per Share." Basic earnings per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, less shares that may be repurchased, and excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants, and convertible securities. Potentially dilutive issuances have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

The calculations of basic and diluted net loss per share are as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three months ended November 30,						Six months ended November 30,
	2001			2000			2001			2000
Net loss	$	(6,693	)	$	(18,167	)	$	(17,892	)	$	(37,266	)

Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding		47,646			44,020			47,336			43,896
Weighted-average shares of common stock subject to repurchase		(1,365	)		(1,901	)		(1,445	)		(1,981	)

Weighted-average shares of common stock used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share		46,281			42,119			45,891			41,915

Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(0.39	)	$	(0.89	)

3. Comprehensive Loss

Saba reports comprehensive loss in accordance with SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income." Saba's components of comprehensive loss consist of net loss, foreign currency translation adjustments and net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities.

The following table sets forth the calculation of comprehensive loss for all periods presented (in thousands):

	Three months ended November 30,						Six months ended November 30,
	2001			2000			2001			2000
Net loss	$	(6,693	)	$	(18,167	)	$	(17,892	)	$	(37,266	)
Foreign currency translation losses		109			39			78			39
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments		(13	)		(355	)		34			(589	)

Comprehensive loss	$	(6,597	)	$	(18,483	)	$	(17,780	)	$	(37,816	)

4. Segment Information

Saba operates primarily in a single operating segment, providing software and services that increase business performance through human capital development and management.

Geographic Information

The following tables present revenue and long-lived assets information by geographic area (in thousands):

	Total Revenue				Total Revenue
	Three months ended November 30,				Six months ended November 30,
	2001		2000		2001		2000
United States	$	8,066	$	10,196	$	19,342	$	18,208
International		5,453		2,827		8,670		4,863

Total	$	13,519	$	13,023	$	28,012	$	23,071

	Long-Lived Assets
	As of November 30,
	2001		2000
United States	$	16,528	$	7,549
International		444		468

Total	$	16,972	$	8,017

5. Legal Matters

In November 2001, a complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against Saba, certain of its officers and directors, and certain underwriters of Saba's initial public offering. The complaint was purportedly filed on behalf of a class or certain persons who purchased Saba's common stock between April 6, 2000 and December 6, 2000. The complaint alleges violations by Saba and its officers and directors of the Securities Act of 1933 in connection with certain alleged compensation arrangements entered into by the underwriters in connection with the offering. Substantially similar complaints have been filed against over 310 other issuers that have had initial public offerings since 1998. Saba intends to vigorously defend against this action. Although no assurance can be given that this matter will be resolved in Saba's favor, Saba believes that the resolution of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 2: MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

OVERVIEW

We are a leading provider of human capital development and management infrastructure software and services. Our Internet-based software solutions are designed to enable businesses and governments to increase performance by automating the processes necessary to develop and manage the people, or human capital, that comprise their "extended enterprise" of employees, customers, partners and suppliers. Our offerings are designed to increase the return to the organization on their investment in human capital by cost-effectively meeting the learning and performance management needs of enterprises across geographies and industries. Human capital development and management solutions help to identify what people know and are capable of doing with their knowledge, identify where and how to enhance the capacity to add value to the organization, and identify ways to maximize the value that is created through increasing the capacity to contribute. Our solutions provide information and business processes that empower managers to more tightly align organizational capabilities with desired business outcomes.

General

We commenced operations in April 1997 and through March 1998 focused substantially all of our efforts on research activities, developing our products and building our business infrastructure. We shipped our first Saba Learning products and began to generate revenues from software license fees, implementation and consulting services fees and support fees in April 1998. We began to operate Saba Exchange in December 1999 and our application service provider (ASP) edition of Saba Learning in September 2000, and first shipped our limited release version of Saba Performance in May 2001. To date, we have not generated significant revenues from the Saba Exchange, Saba Learning ASP Edition or Saba Performance.

Sources of Revenues and Revenue Recognition

To date, we have generated revenues primarily from licensing Saba Learning Enterprise Edition and providing related services, including implementation, consulting, support, hosting and education.

We recognize revenues in accordance with the provisions of American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, "Software Revenue Recognition," as amended by SOP 98-9, "Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions." Under SOP 97-2, as amended, we recognize revenues when all of the following conditions are met:

•: persuasive evidence of an agreement exists;
•: delivery of the product has occurred;
•: the fee is fixed or determinable; and
•: collection of these fees is probable.

SOP 97-2, as amended, generally requires revenue earned on software arrangements involving multiple elements to be allocated to each element based on the relative fair values of the elements. Revenue recognized from multiple-element arrangements is allocated to undelivered elements of the arrangement, such as support services, based on the relative fair values of the elements specific to us. Our determination of fair value of each element in multi-element arrangements is based on vendor-specific objective evidence (VSOE). We limit our assessment of VSOE for each element to either the price charged when the same element is sold separately or the price established by management, having the relevant authority to do so, for an element not yet sold separately.

Prior to November 30, 1999, we had not established VSOE of fair value for our support services. Accordingly, we recognized the revenue generated from these multiple-element arrangements ratably over the period during which the support services were provided, which was generally 12 months.

A substantial majority of our licenses entered into from November 30, 1999 to August 31, 2001 include rights to unspecified additional platform versions of our software, extended payment terms and/or services essential to the functionality of the software. For licenses that include rights to unspecified additional platform versions, we recognize license revenues ratably over the period during which we are required to provide the additional platform versions beginning in the month when all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. Revenue from contracts with extended payment terms are recognized at the lesser of amounts due and payable or the amount of the arrangement fee otherwise recognizable. For contracts that involve significant customization and implementation or consulting services essential to the functionality of the software, the license and services revenues are recognized over the service delivery period using the percentage-of-completion method. We use labor hours incurred as a percentage of total expected hours as the measure of progress towards completion. A substantial majority of our licenses entered into after August 31, 2001 do not provide for unspecified additional platform versions, extended payment terms or service essential to the functionality of the software. Revenues derived from these licenses are recognized on contract signing if the other conditions of SOP 97-2 are satisfied. Revenues from our application service provider offering and from our hosting services are generally recognized ratably over the term of the arrangement.

Revenue allocated to support is recognized ratably over the support term, typically 12 months, and revenue allocated to implementation, consulting, education and other services is generally recognized as the services are performed. Although we primarily provide implementation and consulting services on a time and materials basis, a significant portion of these services has been provided on a fixed-fee basis.

Cost of Revenues

Our cost of revenues includes cost of our license revenues and cost of our services revenues. Our cost of license revenues includes the cost of manuals and product documentation, production media, shipping costs and royalties to third parties. Our cost of services revenues includes salaries and related expenses for our professional services organization, as well as third-party hosting costs. Because our cost of services revenues is greater than cost of license revenues, cost of total revenues as a percentage of total revenues may fluctuate based on the mix of products and services sold.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses are classified into three general operational categories: sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative. In addition, our operating expenses include amortization of deferred stock compensation and other stock charges and amortization of goodwill and purchased intangible assets.

We classify all charges to the research and development, sales and marketing and general and administrative expense categories based on the nature of the expenses. Each of these three categories includes commonly recurring expenses such as salaries, employee benefits, travel and entertainment costs, and allocated communication, rent and depreciation costs. We allocate these expenses to each of the functional areas that derive a benefit from such expenses based upon their respective headcounts. The sales and marketing category of operating expenses also includes sales commissions and expenses related to public relations and advertising, trade shows and marketing collateral materials. The general and administrative category of operating expenses also includes allowances for doubtful accounts and administrative and professional services fees.

In connection with the granting of stock options to, and restricted stock purchases by, our employees, we recorded deferred stock compensation totaling approximately $36.5 million as of

November 30, 2001. This amount represents the difference between the exercise or purchase price, as applicable, and the deemed fair value of our common stock for financial accounting purposes on the date these stock options were granted or purchase agreements for restricted stock were signed. During the six months ended November 30, 2001, we also recorded deferred stock compensation of $2.8 million for the intrinsic value of stock subject to repurchase assumed by us in connection with the acquisition of Ultris, Inc. These amounts are included as a component of stockholders' equity and are being amortized by charges to operations over the vesting period of the restricted stock. The amortization of the remaining deferred stock compensation will result in additional charges to operations through fiscal 2005.

Our March 2001 acquisition of Human Performance Technologies, Inc. resulted in purchased intangible assets of $4.6 million. These assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of six months to three years. Our June 2001 acquisition of Ultris, Inc. resulted in goodwill and purchased intangible assets of $9.1 million. These assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 18 months to three years. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 142 upon our fiscal year beginning June 1, 2002, we will cease amortization of capitalized goodwill and we will utilize the impairment test approach described in SFAS No. 142.

History of Losses

We have incurred significant losses and negative cash flows from operations since our inception. As of November 30, 2001, we had an accumulated deficit of $147.5 million. We have not achieved profitability and cannot be certain that we will be able to realize sufficient revenues to achieve or, once achieved, sustain profitability. During the three months ended November 30, 2001, we took actions to reduce our operating expenses and, while we may from time to time reduce operating expenses in response to downturns in the United States or international economies, we generally expect to incur significantly greater operating expenses in the future. We also expect to incur substantial non-cash expenses relating to stock based compensation and amortization of goodwill and purchased intangible assets. With our adoption of SFAS No. 142 beginning June 1, 2002, we will cease amortization of capitalized goodwill and will utilize the impairment test approach described in SFAS No. 142. As a result, we are unable to predict the amount and timing of any impairment write-off. We expect to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future and will need to generate significantly higher revenues in order to achieve profitability. If we achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain it.

We had 343 full-time employees as of November 30, 2001. Our growth since inception and our recent reductions have placed significant demands on our management and operational resources. To manage future growth of our operations and personnel, we must continue to invest in scalable operational systems, procedures and controls. We must also be able to recruit qualified candidates to manage our expanding operations. We expect any future expansion to continue to challenge our ability to hire, train, manage and retain our employees.

Limited Operating History

We have a limited operating history that makes it difficult to forecast our future operating results. We believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results should not be relied upon as predictive of future performance. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties encountered by companies at an early stage of development, particularly companies in new and rapidly evolving markets, such as human capital development and management, electronic commerce and Internet software. We may not be successful in addressing these risks and difficulties. Although we have experienced significant growth in revenues in prior periods, we do not believe that prior growth rates are sustainable or indicative of our future operating results.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2001 AND 2000

Revenues

Total revenues increased to $13.5 million for the three months ended November 30, 2001 from $13.0 million for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, revenues increased to $28.0 million from $23.1 million for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The growth in revenues period-over-period reflects our relatively early stage of development, expanded international presence and our increased customer base. As a percentage of total revenues, revenues from customers outside the United States represented approximately 40% for the three months ended November 30, 2001 and 22% for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, revenues from customers outside the United States represented approximately 31% as compared to 21% for the six months ended November 30, 2000. During the three and six months ended November 30, 2001 and 2000, no customer represented more than 10% of our revenues.

License revenues increased to $6.8 million, or 50% of total revenues, for the three months ended November 30, 2001, from $5.7 million, or 44% of total revenues, for the three months ended November 30, 2000. The increase is primarily attributable to sales of licenses to new customers, which are generally recognized upon contract signing. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, license revenues increased to $13.8 million from $10.1 million for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The increase in the amount of license revenues is primarily attributable to deferred revenue from our increased installed base and sales of licenses to new customers.

Services revenues decreased to $6.8 million, or 50% of total revenues, for the three months ended November 30, 2001, from $7.3 million or 56% of total revenues, for the three months ended November 30, 2000. The decrease in the dollar amount of services revenues is due to decreased implementation services, partially offset by an increase in support and education services provided to our new customers and support renewals sold to our increasing installed base. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, services revenues increased to $14.2 million from $12.9 million for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The increase in the dollar amount of services revenues is primarily attributable to increased support and education services provided to our new customers and support renewals sold to our increasing installed base. We expect that a growing number of our Saba Learning Enterprise Edition implementations will be performed by third-party consultants contracting directly with the customer.

The mix of license and services revenues as a percentage of total revenues has varied significantly due to our relatively early stage of development.

Cost of Revenues

Total cost of revenues decreased to $3.8 million for the three months ended November 30, 2001, from $5.6 million for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, total cost of revenues decreased to $8.5 million from $10.5 million for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The decreases in the dollar amount of cost of revenues are primarily attributable to reduced services personnel. Cost of services revenues represented 51% of services revenues for the three months ended November 30, 2001 and 76% of services revenues for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, cost of services revenues represented 53% of services revenues and for the six months ended November 30, 2000, represented 81% of services revenues. The decreases in the cost of services as a percentage of services revenues are primarily attributable to improved realization rates of our consultants. Failure to achieve our revenue goals will have a significant adverse impact on gross margin.

The cost of revenues includes amortization of acquired developed technology from the acquisitions of Human Performance Technologies, Inc. in March 2001 and Ultris, Inc. in June 2001. The developed technology of $2.3 million acquired from Human Performance Technologies, Inc. is being amortized over a two-year useful life and the developed technology of $1.2 million acquired from Ultris, Inc. is being amortized over a three-year useful life.

Operating Expenses

Research and development. Research and development expenses decreased to $3.9 million for the three months ended November 30, 2001, from $5.4 million for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, research and development expenses decreased to $8.0 million from $11.0 million for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The decreases are primarily attributable to reduced research and development personnel. In addition, there has been a decrease in the cost of third-party contractors engaged in technical and translation support of our products. To date, all software development costs have been expensed in the period incurred.

Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses decreased to $7.7 million for the three months ended November 30, 2001, from $13.8 million for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, sales and marketing expenses decreased to $17.3 million from $26.1 million for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The decreases are primarily attributable to decreases in the number of sales and marketing personnel, as well as decreases in spending on advertising and other marketing activities.

General and administrative. General and administrative expenses decreased to $1.7 million for the three months ended November 30, 2001, from $2.6 million for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, general and administrative expenses decreased to $3.7 million from $5.1 million for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The decreases are primarily attributable to decreases in general and administrative personnel.

Amortization of deferred stock compensation and other stock charges. During the three months ended November 30, 2001, we recorded deferred stock amortization and other stock charges of $2.0 million. During the six months ended November 30, 2001, we recorded deferred stock amortization and other stock charges of $4.3 million. Included in these amounts is $538,000 for three months ended November 30, 2001 and $1.2 million for the six months ended November 30, 2001 related to the post-acquisition amortization of the deferred compensation for the intrinsic value of stock subject to repurchase assumed in connection with the acquisition of Ultris, Inc. The estimated intrinsic value of the 198,445 shares subject to repurchase was approximately $2.8 million, which is being amortized over the four-year repurchase period. During the three months ended November 30, 2000, we recorded deferred stock amortization of $4.5 million. During the six months ended November 30, 2000, we recorded deferred stock amortization of $9.5 million.

Amortization of goodwill and purchased intangible assets. During the three months ended November 30, 2001, we recorded amortization of goodwill and purchased intangible assets of $942,000 as a result of our March 2001 acquisition of Human Performance Technologies, Inc. and June 2001 acquisition of Ultris, Inc. During the six months ended November 30, 2001, amortization of goodwill and purchased intangible assets for these acquisitions was $1.8 million. Purchased intangible assets consist of intellectual property, customer base, assembled workforce, and noncompetition agreements. The intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of six months to three years. Goodwill is being amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of three years. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 142 during our fiscal year beginning June 1, 2002, we will cease amortization of capitalized goodwill and we will utilize the impairment test approach described in SFAS No. 142.

Acquired in-process research and development. Acquired in-process research and development in the six months ended November 30, 2001 represents the write-off of the fair value of acquired research and development work obtained in connection with the acquisition of Ultris, Inc. The total charge for in-process research and development in the Ultris, Inc. acquisition was $2.2 million based on the value allocated to projects identified as in-process research and development, such as the completion and testing of instant messaging functionality and integration with software of other companies. This amount was charged to expense in the three months ended August 31, 2001 immediately following the completion of the acquisition. There was no acquisition activity during the three months ended November 30, 2001 and the six months ended November 30, 2000.

For the acquisition of Ultris, Inc., the write-off was necessary because the acquired in-process research and development had not yet reached technological feasibility and the related products under development had not yet achieved commercial viability. The nature of the efforts required to develop the purchased in-process research and development into commercially viable products principally relate to planning, designing, prototyping, verification and testing activities that are necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design specifications, including functions, features and technical performance requirements.

We obtained an independent valuation for the allocation of the purchase price of Ultris, Inc. Values were assigned to acquired developed technology, in-process research and development, goodwill and workforce. The fair value of the acquired in-process research and development was determined by estimating the projected net cash flows related to the products, including costs to complete the development of the technology and the future revenues to be earned upon commercialization of the products. These cash flows were then discounted back to their net present value. The projected net cash flows from the project were based on management's estimates of future revenues and operating profits.

Interest (expense) income and other, net. Interest (expense) income and other, net consists of interest income, interest expense and other non-operating expenses. Interest (expense) income and other, net decreased to an expense of $127,000 for the three months ended November 30, 2001, from income of $829,000 for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, interest (expense) income and other, net decreased to an expense of $56,000, from income of $1.9 million for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The decreases are attributable primarily to decreases in short-term investments and the decline in short-term interest rates since November 30, 2000, as well as the impact of the write-off of an equity investment in a privately held company.

Provision for income taxes. From inception to November 30, 2001, we incurred net losses for federal and state tax purposes. During the three months ended November 30, 2001, we recorded income tax expense of $20,000 as compared to $65,000 for the three months ended November 30, 2000. For the six months ended November 30, 2001, we recorded income tax expense of $45,000 as compared to $65,000 for the six months ended November 30, 2000. The income tax expense consists primarily of domestic minimum taxes and foreign income tax expense incurred as a result of local country profits.

Our results of operations could vary significantly from quarter to quarter. If revenues fall below our expectations, we will not be able to reduce our spending rapidly in response to the shortfall. We anticipate that our sales will continue to have long sales cycles. Therefore, the timing of future customer contracts could be difficult to predict, making it difficult to predict revenues between quarters.

We are subject to employer payroll taxes, both domestic and foreign, on employee exercises of non-qualified stock options. These taxes are recorded as a charge to operations in the period such options are exercised based on actual gains realized by employees, measured by the difference between the price of our common stock on the date of exercise and the exercise price. We receive domestic tax

deductions for gains realized by domestic employees on the exercise of non-qualified stock options for which the benefit is recorded as additional paid-in capital when realized. Our results of operations and cash flows could vary significantly from quarter to quarter depending on the number of non-qualified stock options exercised by employees in any quarter and, consequently, the amount of taxes assessed.

Other factors that could affect our quarterly operating results include those described below and under the caption "Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results:"

•: dependence of our revenues on a small number of large orders and the average order value;
•: our ability to attract new customers;
•: any changes in revenue recognition policies and provisions and interpretations of these provisions;
•: our ability to license additional products to current customers;
•: the announcement or introduction of new products or services by us or our competitors;
•: changes in the pricing of our products and services or those of our competitors;
•: variability in the mix of our products and services revenues in any quarter;
•: technical difficulties or service interruptions of our computer network systems or the Internet generally; and
•: the amount and timing of operating costs and capital expenditures relating to expansion or contraction of our business.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Since inception, we have funded our operations primarily through the sale of equity securities, through which we have raised net proceeds of $125.6 million through November 30, 2001, equipment leases and other debt. As of November 30, 2001, we had $26.8 million of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and outstanding equipment leases and notes payable of $2.9 million.

Cash used in operating activities was $9.2 million during the six months ended November 30, 2001 and $29.4 million during the six months ended November 30, 2000. Cash used in operating activities during the six months ended November 30, 2001 was primarily attributable to a net loss of $17.9 million, a decrease in deferred revenue of $6.4 million, a decrease in accrued expenses of $3.5 million and a decrease in accounts payable of $2.0 million. This was partially offset by a decrease in accounts receivable of $8.6 million, $4.2 million in amortization of deferred stock compensation, a charge for acquired in-process research and development of $2.2 million and $1.8 million in amortization of goodwill and purchased intangible assets. Cash used in operating activities during the six months ended November 30, 2000 was primarily attributable to a net loss of $37.3 million, an increase in accounts receivable of $17.2 million and a decrease in accounts payable of $1.2 million. This was partially offset by $9.5 million in amortization of deferred stock compensation, an increase in deferred revenue of $8.7 million and an increase in accrued expenses of $7.0 million.

Cash provided by investing activities during the six months ended November 30, 2001 was primarily attributable to net maturities of short-term investments of $7.7 million. Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended November 30, 2000 was primarily attributable to purchases of short-term investments of $16.4 million.

Cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended November 30, 2001 was primarily attributable to proceeds from the sale of stock under our stock incentive programs of $2.7 million, partially offset by $781,000 for payments on capital lease obligations. Cash used in

financing activities during the six months ended November 30, 2000 was primarily attributable to payments on capital lease obligations of $629,000, partially offset by $330,000 for proceeds from the sale of stock under our stock incentive programs.

At November 30, 2001, we did not have any material commitments for capital expenses. Our principal commitments consisted of obligations under capital and operating leases.

We currently anticipate that our available cash resources and credit facilities, including our $8 million line of credit agreement entered into in June 2001, combined with cash flows generated from sales, will be sufficient to meet our presently anticipated working capital, capital expense and business expansion requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, we may choose to raise additional funds within the next 12 months to support expansion, develop new or enhanced applications and services, respond to competitive pressures, acquire complementary businesses or technologies or take advantage of unanticipated opportunities. Our future liquidity and capital requirements will depend on numerous factors, including the success of our existing and new product and service offerings and competing technological and market developments. We may be required to raise additional funds through public or private financing, strategic relationships or other arrangements. There can be no assurance that additional funding, if needed, will be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In July 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations," and SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." SFAS No. 141 prohibits the use of the pooling-of-interests method for business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. SFAS No. 141, which also includes the criteria for the recognition of intangible assets separately from goodwill, is effective for any business combination accounted for by the purchase method that is completed after June 30, 2001. SFAS No. 142, which includes the requirements to test goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment rather than amortize them, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001 with early adoption permitted for companies with fiscal years beginning after March 15, 2001, provided they have not yet issued their first quarter financial statements. In all cases, SFAS No. 142 must be adopted as of the beginning of a fiscal year. The nonamortization approach applies to previously recorded goodwill and to previously recognized intangible assets deemed to have indefinite useful lives, as well as goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets arising from acquisitions completed after the application of SFAS No. 142. In place of amortization, an impairment test must be performed at least annually at the reporting unit level. Any impairment charges on goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets would be presented as a separate line item within the operating section of the statement of operations. We do not expect SFAS No. 141 to have an impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. We plan to adopt SFAS No. 142 during our fiscal year beginning June 1, 2002. As such, we will cease amortization of capitalized goodwill as of May 31, 2002, and we will utilize the impairment test approach discussed above.

In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations." SFAS No. 143 requires businesses to record the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred. When the liability is initially recorded, the entity capitalizes a cost by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. Over time, the liability is accreted to its present value each period, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the liability, an entity either settles the obligation for its recorded amount or incurs a gain or loss upon settlement. We are required to adopt SFAS No. 143 for our fiscal year beginning June 1, 2003. We are currently assessing the impact, if any, of SFAS No. 143 on our financial position and results of operations.

In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" which supersedes SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of" and Accounting Principles Board No. 30, "Reporting the Results of Operations—Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions." SFAS No. 144 also amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, "Consolidated Financial Statements." SFAS 144 requires that long-lived assets that are to be disposed of by sale be measured at the lower of book value or fair value less cost to sell. The statement also significantly changes the criteria required to classify an asset as held-for-sale. Additionally, SFAS 144 expands the scope of discontinued operations to include all components of an entity with operations that (1) can be distinguished from the rest of the entity and (2) will be eliminated from the ongoing operations of the entity in a disposal transaction. We are required to adopt SFAS 144 for our fiscal year beginning June 1, 2002. We are currently assessing the impact of SFAS 144 on our financial position and results of operations.

FACTORS THAT MAY IMPACT FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS

We have a limited operating history and are subject to the risks encountered by early-stage companies

We were founded in April 1997 and shipped our first products in April 1998. Because we have a limited operating history, you should consider and evaluate our operating prospects in light of the risks and uncertainties frequently encountered by early-stage companies in rapidly evolving markets. For us, these risks include:

•: risks that our revenue forecasts may be incorrect because of our limited sales to date and our long sales process;
•: risks associated with our dependence on Saba Learning Enterprise Edition, and related services, for substantially all of our revenues for the foreseeable future;
•: risks that our new products, such as Saba Performance and Saba Content, will fail to achieve market acceptance;
•: risks that our strategy of establishing Saba Exchange may not be successful;
•: risks that fluctuations in our quarterly operating results will be significant relative to our revenues; and
•: risks that the current economic downturn will continue to negatively impact the demand for our products and services.

These risks and other risks are described in more detail below. Our future growth will depend substantially on our ability to address these and the other risks described in this section. If we do not successfully address these risks, our business would be significantly harmed.

We have a history of losses, expect future losses and cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability

We have incurred significant losses and negative cash flows from operations since our inception. We have not achieved profitability and cannot be certain that we will realize sufficient revenues to achieve or sustain profitability. We expect to derive substantially all of our revenues for the foreseeable future from the licensing of our Saba Learning Enterprise Edition and providing related services. Over the longer term, we expect to derive revenues from Saba Exchange, which is based on an evolving and unproven business model, and new products such as Saba Learning ASP Edition, Saba Performance, which is in limited release, and Saba Content and services related to these offerings. In the future, we expect to continue to incur substantial non-cash expenses relating to the amortization of deferred compensation, goodwill and purchased intangible assets that will contribute to our net losses. As of

November 30, 2001, we had an aggregate of $6.0 million of deferred compensation and $10.6 million of goodwill and purchased intangible assets to be amortized. As a result of all of the foregoing, we expect to incur losses for the foreseeable future and will need to generate significantly higher revenues in order to achieve profitability. If we achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain it.

Fluctuations of our results could cause our stock price to experience significant fluctuations or declines

Our operating results have varied significantly in the past and will likely fluctuate significantly in the future. We believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our revenues and operating results are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied on as indicators of future performance. Our operating expenses are based on our expectations of future revenues and are relatively fixed in the short-term. During the three months ended November 30, 2001, we took actions to reduce our operating expenses and, while we may from time to time reduce operating expenses in response to downturns in the United States and/or international economies, we generally expect to increase our operating expenses to expand our sales and marketing operations, fund greater levels of research and development, develop new alliances, increase our services and support capabilities and improve our operational and financial systems. If our revenues do not increase along with these expenses, our business would be seriously harmed and net losses in a given quarter would be even larger than expected. It is possible that in some future quarter our operating results may be below the expectations of public market analysts or investors, which could cause the market price of our common stock to fall.

Our quarterly revenues are especially subject to fluctuations because they depend on the sale of a small number of relatively large orders, principally orders for Saba Learning Enterprise Edition and related services. Therefore, if we do not book a sufficient number of large orders in a particular quarter, our revenues in future periods could be lower than expected. We have not fully developed our business model for Saba Exchange, including the structure and amount of the fees we intend to charge. As this business model evolves, the potential for fluctuations in our quarterly results could increase. Furthermore, our quarterly revenues may be affected significantly by changes in revenue recognition policies and procedures based on changes to or new applicable accounting standards and how these standards are interpreted.

Our lengthy sales cycle could cause delays in revenue growth

The period between our initial contact with a potential customer and the purchase of our products and services is often long. A customer's decision to purchase our products and services requires the commitment to increase performance through human capital development and management, involves a significant allocation of resources, and is influenced by a customer's budgetary cycles. To successfully sell our products and services, we generally must educate our potential customers regarding the use and benefits of our products and services, which can require significant time and resources. Many of our potential customers are large enterprises that generally take longer to make significant business decisions. Our typical sales cycle has been approximately 6 to 12 months. The delay or failure to complete sales in a particular quarter could reduce our revenues in that quarter. If our sales cycle unexpectedly lengthens in general or for one or more large orders, it would adversely affect the timing of our revenues and our revenue growth. If we were to experience a delay of several weeks on a large order, it could harm our ability to meet our forecasts for a given quarter.

A decline in the price of, or demand for, our main product Saba Learning Enterprise Edition or our related service offerings would seriously harm our revenues and operating margins

Saba Learning Enterprise Edition and related services accounted for substantially all of our revenues in the six months ended November 30, 2001. We anticipate that revenues from our Saba Learning Enterprise Edition and related services will continue to constitute substantially all of our revenues for the foreseeable future. Consequently, a decline in the price of, or demand for, Saba

Learning Enterprise Edition or failure to achieve broad market acceptance would seriously harm our business.

We are exposed to recent unfavorable economic and political conditions

We have seen a rapid and increasingly severe downturn in the United States economy since the first quarter of fiscal 2001, which has been further stalled by the recent terrorists attacks. While we expect this economic downturn to continue well into fiscal 2002, there can be no certainty as to the severity or duration of this downturn. Although we cannot predict the extent and timing, if any, of the impact of economic downturns in the United States on economies in other countries or geographic regions, we are seeing an economic slowdown in certain international markets in which we conduct business. If the economic conditions in the United States continue or worsen or if a global economic slowdown intensifies, the demand for our products and services may be reduced. Not only may these economic slowdowns reduce our customers' and prospects' budgets for our products and services, but also they may adversely affect our customers' ability to pay for our products and services. Accordingly, these economic slowdowns may have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Our performance depends on a new market, human capital development and management

The market for software solutions that automate human capital development and management is relatively new and rapidly evolving. Substantially all of our revenues are attributable to the suite of products and services in this market. If this market fails to develop or develops more slowly than we expect, or if we fail to identify the challenges and risks in this new market and successfully address these risks, our business would be harmed.

Our strategy of establishing Saba Exchange is unproven and may not be successful

We must more fully establish and enhance Saba Exchange, where organizations and learning providers can transact business and collaborate. Our success depends on a significant number of organizations implementing Saba Learning and conducting business with learning providers over the Internet through Saba Exchange. If this business strategy is flawed, or if we are unable to execute it effectively, our revenues may be seriously harmed. We began operating Saba Exchange in December 1999. Accordingly, we have limited experience developing and operating Saba Exchange. To date, only a limited number of learning providers and organizations are connected to Saba Exchange. It is possible that we, together with the organizations and learning providers who comprise this exchange, will not be able to effectively operate this exchange, both in terms of technical performance as well as commercial viability. It is possible that an insufficient number of organizations and/or learning providers will join and remain in Saba Exchange, and that we will be unable to generate significant revenues from Saba Exchange. Unless a critical mass of organizations and learning providers join Saba Exchange, our solutions may not achieve widespread market acceptance and our business would be seriously harmed. To date, we have not generated significant revenues from Saba Exchange.

If we lose key personnel or are unable to attract and retain additional qualified personnel we may not be able to successfully manage our business and achieve our objectives

We believe our future success will depend upon our ability to retain our key management personnel including Bobby Yazdani, our Chief Executive Officer. These employees are not subject to employment contracts. We may not be successful in attracting, assimilating and retaining our key employees in the future. Our future success and our ability to expand our operations will also depend in large part on our ability to attract and retain additional qualified technical, sales and marketing personnel. Competition for these types of employees is intense due to the limited number of qualified professionals and the high demand for them, particularly in the San Francisco Bay Area, where our headquarters is located. We have in the past experienced difficulty in recruiting qualified personnel. Failure to attract, assimilate and retain personnel, particularly technical, sales and marketing personnel,

would have a material adverse effect on our business and potential growth. Additionally, volatility or a lack of positive performance in our stock price may adversely affect our ability to retain key employees, all of whom have been granted stock options or been sold restricted stock.

Difficulties we may encounter managing our growth could adversely affect our results of operations

The expansion and increased complexity of our operations has placed a significant strain upon our management systems and resources. If we are unable to manage our expanded operations, our business will be seriously harmed. We have expanded the geographic scope of our customer base and operations. This expansion has resulted and will continue to result in substantial demands on our management resources. In order to compete effectively and to manage future expansion of our operations, if any, we need to continue to improve our financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures on a timely basis and expand, train and manage our employee work force. We have implemented new systems to manage our sales, support and administrative operations. We may find that these systems, our personnel, procedures and controls are inadequate to support our future operations.

Intense competition in our target market could impair our ability to grow and to achieve profitability

The market for our products and services is intensely competitive, dynamic and subject to rapid technological change. The intensity of the competition and the pace of change are expected to increase in the future. Increased competition is likely to result in price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share, any one of which could seriously harm our business. Competitors vary in size and in the scope and breadth of the products and services offered. We encounter competition with respect to different aspects of our solution from a variety of sources including:

•: companies that operate Internet-based marketplaces for the sale of on-line learning;
•: companies that operate Internet-based marketplaces for the sale of goods and services and could potentially decide to evolve their marketplaces to include content offerings;
•: Internet portals that offer learning content, performance support tools or recruiting services;
•: companies that market and license training, learning, performance, content, resource, talent and staffing management systems;
•: enterprise software vendors that offer human resources information systems and employee relationship management systems with training and performance modules; and
•: potential customers' internal development efforts.

Because there are relatively low barriers to entry in the electronic commerce market, which comprises a portion of our business model, we expect competition from a variety of established and emerging companies.

Many of our competitors have longer operating histories, substantially greater financial, technical, marketing or other resources, or greater name recognition than we do. Our competitors may be able to respond more quickly than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements. Competition could seriously impede our ability to sell additional products and services on terms favorable to us. Our current and potential competitors may develop and market new technologies that render our existing or future products and services obsolete, unmarketable or less competitive. Our current and potential competitors may make strategic acquisitions or establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with other learning solution providers, thereby increasing the availability of their services to address the needs of our current and prospective customers. We may not be able to compete successfully against our current and future competitors, and competitive pressures that we encounter may seriously harm our business.

If we are unable to manage the complexity of conducting business globally, our international revenues may suffer

International revenues accounted for approximately 40% of our revenues in the three months ended November 30, 2001 and approximately 31% of our revenues in the six months ended November 30, 2001. We intend to expand our international presence in the future. Conducting business outside of the United States is subject to certain risks, including:

•: changes in regulatory requirements and tariffs;
•: language barriers;
•: difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;
•: longer payment cycles and greater difficulty in collecting accounts receivable;
•: reduced protection of intellectual property rights;
•: potentially harmful tax consequences;
•: fluctuating exchange rates;
•: price controls and other restrictions on foreign currency;
•: difficulties in obtaining import and export licenses;
•: political and social unrest or disturbances;
•: the burden of complying with a variety of foreign laws; and
•: political or economic constraints on international trade.

We might not successfully market, sell or distribute our products and services in foreign markets, and we cannot be certain that one or more of such factors will not materially adversely affect our future international operations, and consequently, our business and future growth.

Our revenues may decrease if use of the Internet in the markets we target does not grow as projected

The use of the Internet as a means to interconnect organizations and learning providers is integral to our business model. Our business strategy is, in part, to create a global, business-to-business learning marketplace for organizations and learning providers to transact business and collaborate. However, the use of the Internet as a means of transacting business is relatively new and has not been accepted by all customers in the markets we have targeted. The failure of the Internet to continue to develop as a commercial or business medium or of significant numbers of organizations and learning providers to transact business and collaborate on the Internet would harm our revenues and earnings. The acceptance and use of the Internet to transact business and collaborate is dependent upon a number of factors, such as the growth and use of the Internet in general, the relative ease of conducting business on the Internet, the efficiencies and improvements that conducting commerce on the Internet provides, the resolution of concerns about transaction security and taxation of transactions on the Internet.

A failure to expand and improve the infrastructure of the Internet could constrain the functionality of our products and services and thus limit our revenues

The recent growth in Internet traffic has caused frequent periods of decreased performance, and if Internet usage continues to grow rapidly, the Internet infrastructure may not be able to support this growth and reliability may decline. If outages or delays on the Internet occur frequently or increase in frequency, overall Internet usage including usage of our products and services could grow more slowly or decline. Our ability to increase the speed and scope of our services to customers is ultimately limited by, and depends upon, the speed and reliability of both the Internet and our customers' internal networks. Consequently, the emergence and growth of the market for our products and services

depends upon improvements being made to the entire Internet as well as to our individual customers' networking infrastructures to alleviate overloading and congestion. If these improvements are not made, the ability of our customers to use our products and services will be hindered, and our business may suffer.

A breach of Internet commerce security measures could reduce demand for our products and services

A requirement of the continued growth of Internet-based, business-to-business electronic commerce is the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks. Failure to prevent security breaches of Saba Learning ASP Edition or Saba Exchange or on our customers' networks, or well-publicized security breaches affecting the Internet in general, could significantly harm our growth and revenues. We cannot be certain that advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other developments will not result in a compromise or breach of the algorithms we use to protect content and transactions on Saba Learning ASP Edition or Saba Exchange or within our customers' networks or proprietary information in our databases. Anyone who is able to circumvent our security measures could misappropriate proprietary and confidential information or could cause interruptions in our operations. We may be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect against such security breaches or to address problems caused by such breaches. Concerns over the security of the Internet and other on-line transactions and the privacy of users may also deter people from using the Internet to conduct transactions that involve transmitting confidential information.

We may become subject to government regulation and legal uncertainties that could reduce demand for our products and services or increase the cost of doing business, thereby adversely affecting our financial results

We are not currently subject to direct regulation by any domestic or foreign governmental agency, other than regulations applicable to businesses generally, export control laws and laws or regulations directly applicable to Internet commerce. However, due to the increasing popularity and use of the Internet, it is possible that a number of laws and regulations may become applicable to us or may be adopted in the future with respect to the Internet covering issues such as:

•: user privacy;
•: taxation;
•: content;
•: right to access personal data;
•: copyrights;
•: distribution; and
•: characteristics and quality of services.

The applicability of existing laws governing issues such as property ownership, copyrights, and other intellectual property issues, encryption, taxation, libel, export or import matters and personal privacy to the Internet is uncertain. The vast majority of these laws were adopted prior to the broad commercial use of the Internet and related technologies. As a result, they do not contemplate or address the unique issues of the Internet and related technologies. Changes to these laws, including some recently proposed changes, could create uncertainty in the Internet marketplace. Such uncertainty could reduce demand for our services or increase the cost of doing business due to increased costs of litigation or increased service delivery costs.

In addition, we could be liable for the misuse of personal information. The Federal Trade Commission, the European Union and certain state and local authorities have been investigating

certain Internet companies regarding their use of personal information. We could incur additional expenses if new regulations regarding the use of personal information are introduced or if these authorities choose to investigate our privacy practices.

Our market is subject to rapid technological change and to compete, we must continually enhance our products and services

We must continue to enhance and improve the performance, functionality and reliability of our products and services. The software and electronic commerce industries are characterized by rapid technological change, changes in user requirements and preferences, frequent new product and services introductions embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards and practices that could render our products and services obsolete. In the past, we have discovered that some of our customers desire additional performance and functionality not currently offered by our products. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to both internally develop and license leading technologies to enhance our existing products and services, develop new products and services that address the increasingly sophisticated and varied needs of our customers, and respond to technological advances and emerging industry standards and practices on a cost-effective and timely basis. For example, as the market for human capital development and management evolves, we intend to develop and introduce new products and enhancements to existing products that address the requirements of this market. In this regard, we recently commenced sales of Saba Learning ASP Edition, Saba Content and the limited release version of Saba Performance. There is no assurance that these products will achieve market acceptance. In addition, the development of our technology and other proprietary technology involves significant technical and business risks. We may fail to use new technologies effectively or to adapt our proprietary technology and systems to customer requirements or emerging industry standards. If we are unable to adapt to changing market conditions, customer requirements or emerging industry standards, we may not be able to increase our revenues and expand our business.

Delays in releasing new products or enhanced versions of our existing products could adversely affect our competitive position

As part of our strategy, we expect to regularly release new products and new versions of our existing products. Even if our new products or new versions of our existing products contain the features and functionality our customers want, in the event we are unable to timely introduce these new products or product releases, our competitive position may be harmed. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully complete the development of currently planned or future products or product releases in a timely and efficient manner. Due to the complexity of our products, internal quality assurance testing and customer testing of pre-commercial releases may reveal product performance issues or desirable feature enhancements that could lead us to postpone the release of these products. In addition, the reallocation of resources associated with any postponement would likely cause delays in the development and release of other future products or enhancements to our currently available products. Any delay in releasing future products or enhancements of our products could cause our stock price to decline.

If we release products containing defects, we may need to halt further shipments and our business and reputation would be harmed

Products as complex as ours often contain unknown and undetected errors or performance problems. Many serious defects are frequently found during the period immediately following introduction and initial shipment of new products or enhancements to existing products. Although we attempt to resolve all errors that we believe would be considered serious by our customers before shipment to them, our products are not error-free. These errors or performance problems could result in lost revenues or delays in customer acceptance and would be detrimental to our business and reputation. As is typical in the software industry, with each release we have discovered errors in our products after introduction. We will not be able to detect and correct all errors before releasing our

products commercially and these undetected errors could be significant. We cannot assure you that undetected errors or performance problems in our existing or future products will not be discovered in the future or that known errors considered minor by us will not be considered serious by our customers, resulting in a decrease in our revenues.

If third parties claim that we infringe their patents, it may result in costly litigation

We cannot assure you that third parties will not claim our current or future products or services infringe their rights. Any such claims, with or without merit, could cause costly litigation that could consume significant management time. As the number of product and services offerings in our market increases and functionalities increasingly overlap, companies such as ours may become increasingly subject to infringement claims. Such claims also might require us to enter into royalty or license agreements. If required, we may not be able to obtain such royalty or license agreements, or obtain them on terms acceptable to us.

We may not be able to adequately protect our proprietary technology, and our competitors may be able to offer similar products and services that would harm our competitive position

Our success depends upon our proprietary technology. We rely primarily on copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to establish and protect our proprietary rights. As part of our confidentiality procedures, we enter into non-disclosure agreements with our employees. Despite these precautions, third parties could copy or otherwise obtain and use our technology without authorization, or develop similar technology independently. In addition, we have filed eight patent applications in the U.S. We cannot assure you that any patents will be issued or, if issued, such patents will protect our intellectual property or not be challenged by third parties. Furthermore, effective protection of intellectual property rights is unavailable or limited in certain foreign countries. We cannot assure you that the protection of our proprietary rights will be adequate or that our competitors will not independently develop similar technology, duplicate our products and services or design around any patents or other intellectual property rights we hold.

We do not have a comprehensive disaster recovery plan or back-up system, and a disaster could severely damage our operations

We currently do not have a comprehensive disaster recovery plan in effect and do not have fully redundant systems for our services at an alternate site. A disaster could severely harm our business because our services could be interrupted for an indeterminate length of time. Our operations depend upon our ability to maintain and protect the computer systems needed for the day-to-day operation of Saba Exchange and Saba Learning ASP Edition. A number of these computer systems are located on or near known earthquake fault zones. Although these systems are designed to be fault tolerant, they are vulnerable to damage from fire, floods, earthquakes, power loss, telecommunications failures and other events. Additionally, we do not carry sufficient business insurance to compensate us for all potential losses that could occur.

We outsource the management and maintenance of our hosted and ASP solutions to third parties and will depend upon them to provide adequate management and maintenance services

We rely on third parties to provide key components of our networks and systems. For instance, we rely on third-party Internet service providers to host Saba Exchange and Saba Learning Enterprise Edition for customers who desire to have these solutions hosted. We also rely on third-party communications service providers for the high-speed connections that link our and our Internet service providers' Web servers and office systems to the Internet. Any Internet or communications systems failure or interruption could result in disruption of our service or loss or compromise of customer orders and data. These failures, especially if they are prolonged or repeated, would make our services less attractive to customers and tarnish our reputation.

We depend upon continuing our relationship with third-party integrators who support our solutions

Our success depends upon the acceptance and successful integration by customers of our products. We often rely on third-party systems integrators to assist with implementation of our products. We will need to continue to rely on these systems integrators even as we increase the size of our professional services group. If large systems integrators fail to continue to support our solution or commit resources to us, if any of our customers are not able to successfully integrate our solution or if we are unable to adequately train our existing systems integration partners, our business, operating results and financial condition could suffer. In addition, we cannot control the level and quality of service provided by our current and future third-party integrators.

We may not be able to secure necessary funding in the future; additional funding may result in dilution to our stockholders

We require substantial working capital to fund our business. We have had significant operating losses and negative cash flow from operations since inception and expect this to continue for the foreseeable future. We expect to use our available cash resources and credit facilities primarily to fund sales and marketing activities, research and development, and continued operations, and possibly make future acquisitions. We believe that our existing capital resources will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements for the next twelve months. However, if our capital requirements increase materially from those currently planned or if revenues fail to materialize, we may require additional financing sooner than anticipated. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage ownership of our stockholders will be reduced, stockholders may experience dilution, or such equity securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock. Additional financing may not be available when needed on terms favorable to us or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to develop or enhance our products and services, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures.

Our past and future acquisitions may result in disruptions to our business if we fail to adequately integrate acquired businesses

In March 2001, we acquired Human Performance Technologies, Inc. and in June 2001, we acquired Ultris, Inc. As part of our overall business strategy, we expect to continue to acquire complementary businesses or technologies that will provide additional products or services offerings, additional industry expertise or an expanded geographic presence. These acquisitions could result in the use of significant amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, or the incurrence of debt. In addition, any acquisition may increase the risk of future write-offs for acquired in-process research and development or impaired asset write-offs, or amortization of expenses related to goodwill and other intangible assets, any of which could materially adversely affect our business and our operating results. For example, as of November 30, 2001, we had an aggregate of $10.6 million of goodwill and purchased intangible assets to be amortized as a result of the acquisition of Human Performance Technologies, Inc. and Ultris, Inc. In addition, acquisitions involve numerous risks, including:

•: difficulties in the assimilation of the operations, technologies, products and personnel of the acquired company;
•: the diversion of management's attention from other business concerns;
•: risks of entering markets in which we have no or limited prior experience; and
•: the potential loss of key employees of the acquired company.

Our stock price may fluctuate substantially

The market price for our common stock may be affected by a number of factors, including those described above and the following:

•: the announcement of new products and services or product and service enhancements by us or our competitors;
•: quarterly variations in our results of operations or those of our competitors;
•: changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts that may follow our stock;
•: developments in our industry; and
•: general market conditions and other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors.

In addition, the stock market in general, and the Nasdaq National Market and technology companies in particular, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market and industry trends may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company's securities, securities class-action litigation has often been initiated against that company. Class-action litigation, if initiated against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management's attention and resources.

Sales of shares eligible for future sale could cause our stock price to decline

If our stockholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock (including shares issued upon the exercise of outstanding options and warrants) in the public market, the market price of our common stock could fall. Such sales also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate.

The anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents could adversely affect the rights of the holders of our common stock

Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain provisions that could make it harder for a third-party to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors. For example, if a potential acquiror were to make a hostile bid for us, the acquiror would not be able to call a special meeting of stockholders to remove our board of directors or act by written consent without a meeting. In addition, our board of directors has staggered terms that make it difficult to remove all directors at once. The acquiror would also be required to provide advance notice of its proposal to remove directors at an annual meeting. The acquiror will not be able to cumulate votes at a meeting, which will require the acquiror to hold more shares to gain representation on the board of directors than if cumulative voting were permitted.

Our board of directors also has the ability to issue preferred stock that would significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquiror. In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law limits business combination transactions with 15% stockholders that have not been approved by the board of directors. These provisions and other similar provisions make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us without negotiation. These provisions may apply even if the offer may be considered beneficial by some stockholders.

Our board of directors could choose not to negotiate with an acquiror that it did not feel was in our strategic interests. If the acquiror was discouraged from offering to acquire us or prevented from

successfully completing a hostile acquisition by the anti-takeover measures, you could lose the opportunity to sell your shares at a favorable price.

ITEM 3. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We provide our services to customers primarily in the United States and, to a lesser extent, in Europe and elsewhere throughout the world. As a result, our financial results could be affected by risks typical of an international business. Such factors include, but are not limited to, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, local regulations and restrictions and political climates, weak economic conditions in foreign markets, differing tax structures and foreign currency rate volatility. Sales are primarily made in U.S. Dollars; however, as we continue to expand our operations, more of our contracts may be denominated in Australian Dollars, British Pounds, Canadian Dollars and Euros. A strengthening of the U.S. Dollar could make our products less competitive in foreign markets.

Our exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations also arises in part from the translation of the financial results of foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars in consolidation. As exchange rates vary, these results, when translated, may vary from expectations and adversely impact overall expected profitability.

Our investments are made in accordance with an investment policy approved by our board of directors. At November 30, 2001, the average maturity of our investment securities was approximately five months. The majority of our investment securities had maturities of less than one year. Our interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. Due to the nature of our cash equivalents and investments, which are primarily money market funds and commercial paper, we believe that there is no material market risk exposure.

All investments are carried at market value, which approximates cost. At November 30, 2001, all of our investments were considered available-for-sale securities and the majority had maturities of one year or less. The weighted average interest rate of our portfolio was approximately 3.8% at November 30, 2001.

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In November 2001, a complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against Saba, certain of its officers and directors, and certain underwriters of Saba's initial public offering. The complaint was purportedly filed on behalf of a class or certain persons who purchased our common stock between April 6, 2000 and December 6, 2000. The complaint alleges violations by Saba and its officers and directors of the Securities Act of 1933 in connection with certain alleged compensation arrangements entered into by the underwriters in connection with the offering. Substantially similar complaints have been filed against over 310 other issuers that have had initial public offerings since 1998. We intend to vigorously defend against this action. Although no assurance can be given that this matter will be resolved in our favor, we believe that the resolution of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

We are also party to various legal disputes and proceedings arising from the ordinary course of general business activities. While, in the opinion of management, resolution of these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows, the ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain. Were an unfavorable outcome to occur, the impact could be material to us.

ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

Saba held its Annual Meeting of Stockholders on November 8, 2001. Of the 47,560,326 shares outstanding as of the record date, 30,903,024 shares were present or represented by proxy at the meeting. At this meeting the following actions were voted upon:

(1): Election of Directors. To elect two Class I Directors to serve until the 2004 annual meeting of stockholders or until their respective successors have been elected or appointed. The results of the vote on this action were as follows:

		For		Against		Abstain		Non-Vote
Robert Cohn		30,820,536		0		82,488		0
Joe Kiani		30,818,052		0		84,972		0

(2): Ratification of the Appointment of Independent Auditors. To ratify the appointment by the board of directors of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent auditors for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2002. The results of the vote on this action were as follows:

For		Against		Abstain		Non-Vote
30,824,908		33,845		44,271		0

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

a.: Exhibits

See Exhibit Index following the signature page.

b.: Reports on Form 8-K.

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	SABA SOFTWARE, INC.
Dated: January 14, 2002	By:	/s/ Bobby Yazdani Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
	By:	/s/ Terry Carlitz Chief Financial Officer and Director (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number		Document
3.1(1)		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company as effective as of April 12, 2000.
3.3(2)		Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company as effective as of April 12, 2000.
4.1		Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2.

(1): Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-95761) previously filed with the SEC.
(2): Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-95761) previously filed with the SEC.

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SABA SOFTWARE, INC. FORM 10-Q
QUARTER ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2001 INDEX

PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

SABA SOFTWARE, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands) (unaudited)
SABA SOFTWARE, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (in thousands, except per share data) (unaudited)
SABA SOFTWARE, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands) (unaudited)
SABA SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

ITEM 2: MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 3. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT INDEX