e10vq
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark one)
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended January 31, 2007
OR
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For
the transition period from
to .
Commission file number: 0-21969
Ciena Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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23-2725311 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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1201 Winterson Road, Linthicum, MD
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21090 |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
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(Zip Code) |
(410) 865-8500
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES
þ NO o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated
filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one).
Large accelerated filer þ Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as determined in Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act). YES
o NO þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as
of the latest practicable date:
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Class
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Outstanding at February 28, 2007 |
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common stock, $.01 par value
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85,115,680 |
CIENA CORPORATION
INDEX
FORM 10-Q
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PAGE |
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NUMBER |
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PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
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Item 1.
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Financial Statements
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3 |
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the
three months ended January 31, 2006 and January 31, 2007
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3 |
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Condensed Consolidated Balance
Sheets at October 31, 2006
and January 31, 2007
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4 |
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the
three months ended January 31, 2006 and January 31, 2007
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5 |
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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6 |
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Item 2.
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Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations
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24 |
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Item 3.
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
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34 |
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Item 4.
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Controls and Procedures
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35 |
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PART II OTHER INFORMATION |
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Item 1.
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Legal Proceedings
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35 |
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Item 1A.
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Risk Factors
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37 |
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Item 2.
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Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
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46 |
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Item 3.
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Defaults Upon Senior Securities
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46 |
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Item 4.
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Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
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46 |
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Item 5.
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Other Information
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46 |
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Item 6.
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Exhibits
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47 |
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Signatures
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48 |
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2
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
CIENA CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
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Quarter Ended January 31, |
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2006 |
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2007 |
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Revenues: |
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Products |
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$ |
105,941 |
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$ |
146,282 |
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Services |
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14,489 |
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18,819 |
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Total revenue |
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120,430 |
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165,101 |
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Costs: |
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Products |
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60,399 |
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74,979 |
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Services |
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9,576 |
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16,494 |
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Total cost of goods sold |
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69,975 |
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91,473 |
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Gross profit |
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50,455 |
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73,628 |
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Operating expenses: |
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Research and development |
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29,462 |
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29,853 |
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Selling and marketing |
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26,572 |
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24,875 |
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General and administrative |
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9,896 |
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10,301 |
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Amortization of intangible assets |
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6,295 |
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6,295 |
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Restructuring costs (recoveries) |
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2,015 |
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(466 |
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Long-lived asset impairments |
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(3 |
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Recovery of doubtful accounts, net |
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(2,604 |
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(10 |
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Gain on lease settlement |
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(6,020 |
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Total operating expenses |
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65,613 |
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70,848 |
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Income (loss) from operations |
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(15,158 |
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2,780 |
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Interest and other income, net |
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9,262 |
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14,845 |
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Interest expense |
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(6,053 |
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(6,148 |
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Loss on equity investments, net |
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(733 |
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Gain on extinguishment of debt |
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6,690 |
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Income (loss) before income taxes |
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(5,992 |
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11,477 |
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Provision for income taxes |
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299 |
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421 |
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Net income (loss) |
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$ |
(6,291 |
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$ |
11,056 |
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Basic net income (loss) per common share |
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$ |
(0.08 |
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$ |
0.13 |
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Diluted net income (loss) per potential common share |
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$ |
(0.08 |
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$ |
0.12 |
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Weighted average basic common shares outstanding |
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82,967 |
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84,953 |
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Weighted average dilutive potential common shares outstanding |
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82,967 |
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93,259 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
CIENA CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)
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October 31, |
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January 31, |
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2006 |
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2007 |
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ASSETS |
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Current assets: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
220,164 |
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$ |
374,079 |
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Short-term investments |
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628,393 |
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496,628 |
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Accounts receivable, net |
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107,172 |
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139,422 |
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Inventories, net |
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106,085 |
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103,548 |
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Prepaid expenses and other |
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36,372 |
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46,400 |
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Total current assets |
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1,098,186 |
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1,160,077 |
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Long-term investments |
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351,407 |
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314,377 |
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Equipment, furniture and fixtures, net |
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29,427 |
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32,867 |
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Goodwill |
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232,015 |
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232,015 |
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Other intangible assets, net |
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91,274 |
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84,011 |
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Other long-term assets |
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37,404 |
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38,309 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
1,839,713 |
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$ |
1,861,656 |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
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Current liabilities: |
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Accounts payable |
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$ |
39,277 |
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$ |
37,997 |
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Accrued liabilities |
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79,282 |
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90,065 |
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Restructuring liabilities |
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8,914 |
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7,621 |
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Unfavorable lease commitments |
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8,512 |
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7,614 |
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Income taxes payable |
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5,981 |
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6,298 |
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Deferred revenue |
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19,637 |
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20,015 |
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Total current liabilities |
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161,603 |
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169,610 |
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Long-term deferred revenue |
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21,039 |
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22,847 |
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Long-term restructuring liabilities |
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26,720 |
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24,579 |
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Long-term unfavorable lease commitments |
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32,785 |
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30,691 |
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Other long-term obligations |
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1,678 |
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1,582 |
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Convertible notes payable |
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842,262 |
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842,262 |
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Total liabilities |
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1,086,087 |
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1,091,571 |
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Commitments and contingencies |
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Stockholders equity: |
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Preferred stock par value $0.01; 20,000,000 shares authorized; zero shares issued and outstanding |
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Common stock par value $0.01; 140,000,000 shares authorized; 84,891,656 and 85,054,714 shares
issued and outstanding |
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849 |
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851 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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5,505,853 |
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5,511,921 |
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Unrealized gains on investments, net |
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(496 |
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(1,001 |
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Translation adjustment |
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(580 |
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(742 |
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Accumulated deficit |
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(4,752,000 |
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(4,740,944 |
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Total
stockholders equity |
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753,626 |
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770,085 |
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Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
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$ |
1,839,713 |
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$ |
1,861,656 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
CIENA CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
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Three Months Ended January 31, |
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2006 |
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2007 |
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Cash flows from operating activities: |
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Net income (loss) |
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$ |
(6,291 |
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$ |
11,056 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash
used in operating activities: |
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Early extinguishment of debt |
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(6,690 |
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Amortization of premium (discount) on marketable securities |
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1,176 |
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(1,249 |
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Non-cash loss from equity investments |
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733 |
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Depreciation and amortization of equipment, furniture and fixtures |
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5,312 |
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3,150 |
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Stock compensation |
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4,183 |
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3,289 |
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Amortization of intangibles |
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7,263 |
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7,263 |
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Provision for inventory excess and obsolescence |
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3,000 |
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4,763 |
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Provision for warranty and other contractual obligations |
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2,470 |
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4,791 |
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Other |
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608 |
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715 |
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Changes in assets and liabilities: |
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Accounts receivable |
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(8,350 |
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(32,250 |
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Inventories |
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(18,046 |
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(2,226 |
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Prepaid expenses and other |
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10,151 |
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(11,289 |
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Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
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(30,813 |
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(1,810 |
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Income taxes payable |
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61 |
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317 |
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Deferred revenue and other obligations |
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3,195 |
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2,186 |
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Net cash used in operating activities |
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(32,038 |
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(11,294 |
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Cash flows from investing activities: |
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Additions to equipment, furniture, fixtures and intellectual property |
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(4,375 |
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(6,590 |
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Restricted cash |
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1,102 |
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(521 |
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Purchases of available for sale securities |
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(63,641 |
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(88,632 |
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Maturities of available for sale securities |
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136,219 |
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258,171 |
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Net cash provided by investing activities |
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69,305 |
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162,428 |
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Cash flows from financing activities: |
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Repayment of convertible notes payable |
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(98,772 |
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Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
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2,117 |
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2,781 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
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(96,655 |
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2,781 |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
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(59,388 |
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153,915 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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358,012 |
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220,164 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
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$ |
298,624 |
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$ |
374,079 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements
5
CIENA CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
(1) INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The interim financial statements included herein for Ciena Corporation (Ciena) have been
prepared by Ciena, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission. In the opinion of management, financial statements included in this report
reflect all normal recurring adjustments which Ciena considers necessary for the fair statement of
the results of operations for the interim periods covered and of the financial position of Ciena at
the date of the interim balance sheet. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally
included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.
However, Ciena believes that the disclosures are adequate to understand the information presented.
The operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the operating results
for the entire year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with Cienas audited
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Cienas annual report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2006.
Ciena has a 52 or 53 week fiscal year, which ends on the Saturday nearest to the last day of
October in each year. For purposes of financial statement presentation, each fiscal year is
described as having ended on October 31, and each fiscal quarter is described as having ended on
January 31, April 30 and July 31 of each fiscal year.
(2) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Ciena considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three
months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash collateralizing letters of credits are
included in other current assets and other long-term assets depending upon the duration of the
restriction.
Investments
Cienas short-term and long-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and are
reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in accumulated other
comprehensive income. Realized gains or losses and declines in value determined to be other than
temporary, if any, on available-for-sale securities, are reported in other income or expense as
incurred.
Ciena also has certain other minority equity investments in privately held technology
companies. These investments are carried at cost because Ciena owns less than 20% of the voting
equity and does not have the ability to exercise significant influence over these companies. These
investments are inherently high risk as the markets for technologies or products manufactured by
these companies are usually early stage at the time of the investment by Ciena and such markets may
never be significant. Ciena could lose its entire investment in some or all of these companies.
Ciena monitors these investments for impairment and makes appropriate reductions in carrying values
when necessary.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined on the first-in,
first-out basis. Ciena records a provision for excess and obsolete inventory whenever an impairment
has been identified.
Equipment, Furniture and Fixtures
Equipment, furniture and fixtures are recorded at cost. Depreciation and amortization are
computed using the straight-line method over useful lives of two years to five years for equipment,
furniture and fixtures and nine months to ten years for leasehold improvements. Impairments of
equipment, furniture and fixtures are determined in accordance with Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived
Assets.
Internal use software and web site development costs are capitalized in accordance with
Statement of Position (SOP) No. 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or
Obtained for Internal Use, and Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 00-2, Accounting for
Web Site Development Costs. Qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage,
which consist primarily of outside services and purchased software license costs, are capitalized
and amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset.
6
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Ciena has recorded goodwill and purchased intangible assets as a result of several
acquisitions. Ciena accounts for
goodwill in accordance with SFAS 142 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, which requires
Ciena to test each reporting units goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, which Ciena has
determined to be the last business day of fiscal September each year. Ciena operates its business
and tests it goodwill for impairment as a single reporting unit. Testing is required between annual
tests if events occur or circumstances change that would, more likely than not, reduce the fair
value of the reporting unit below its carrying value.
Purchased intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is
computed using the straight-line method over the economic lives of the respective assets, generally
three to seven years. Impairments of other intangibles assets are determined in accordance SFAS
144.
Unfavorable Lease Commitments
Ciena has recorded unfavorable lease commitments as a result of several acquisitions. Ciena
accounts for unfavorable lease commitments in accordance with SFAS 141 Business Combinations. The
value of the unfavorable lease commitments was based upon the present value of the assumed lease
obligations based upon current rental rates and current interest rates at the time of the
acquisitions. These unfavorable lease commitments will be paid over the respective lease terms.
Concentrations
Substantially all of Cienas cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments,
are maintained at two major U.S. financial institutions. The majority of Cienas cash equivalents
consist of money market funds and overnight repurchase agreements. Deposits held with banks may
exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed
upon demand and, therefore, bear minimal risk.
Additionally, Cienas access to certain raw materials is dependent upon single and sole source
suppliers. The inability of any supplier to fulfill Cienas supply requirements could affect future
results. Ciena relies on a small number of contract manufacturers to perform the majority of the
manufacturing operations for its products. If Ciena cannot effectively manage these manufacturers
and forecast future demand, or if they fail to deliver products or components on time, Cienas
business may suffer.
Revenue Recognition
Ciena recognizes revenue in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue
Recognition, which states that revenue is realized or realizable and earned when all of the
following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or
services have been rendered; the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectibility is
reasonably assured. In instances where final acceptance of the product, system, or solution is
specified by the customer, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met. Revenue
for maintenance services is generally deferred and recognized ratably over the period during which
the services are to be performed.
Some of Cienas communications networking equipment is integrated with software that is
essential to the functionality of the equipment. In some cases, Ciena provides unspecified software
upgrades and enhancements related to the equipment through maintenance contracts for these
products. For transactions involving the sale of software, revenue is recognized in accordance with
SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, including deferral of revenue recognition in instances
where vendor specific objective evidence for undelivered elements is not determinable.
For arrangements that involve the delivery or performance of multiple products, services
and/or rights to use assets, except as otherwise covered by SOP 97-2, the determination as to how
the arrangement consideration should be measured and allocated to the separate deliverables of the
arrangement is determined in accordance with EITF 00-21, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple
Deliverables. When a sale involves multiple elements, such as sales of products that include
services, the entire fee from the arrangement is allocated to each respective element based on its
relative fair value and recognized when revenue recognition criteria for each element are met. Fair
value for each element is established based on the sales price charged when the same element is
sold separately.
Revenue Related Accruals
Ciena provides for the estimated costs to fulfill customer warranty and other contractual
obligations upon the recognition of the related revenue. Such reserves are determined based upon
actual warranty cost experience, estimates of component failure rates, and managements industry
experience. Cienas sales contracts do not permit the right of return of product by the customer
after the product has been accepted.
7
Accounts Receivable Trade, Net
Cienas allowance for doubtful accounts is based on its assessment, on a specific
identification basis, of the collectibility of customer accounts. Ciena performs ongoing credit
evaluations of its customers and generally has not required collateral or other forms of security
from its customers. In determining the appropriate balance for Cienas allowance for doubtful
accounts, management considers each individual customer account receivable in order to determine
collectibility. In doing so, management considers creditworthiness, payment history, account
activity and communication with such customer. If a customers financial condition changes, Ciena
may be required to take a charge for an allowance for doubtful accounts.
Research and Development
Ciena charges all research and development costs to expense as incurred. Types of expense
incurred in research and development include employee compensation, prototype, consulting,
depreciation, facility costs and information technologies.
Advertising Costs
Ciena expenses all advertising costs as incurred.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
On November 1, 2005, Ciena adopted SFAS 123(R), Share-Based Payment, which requires the
measurement and recognition of compensation expense, based on estimated fair values, for all
share-based awards, made to employees and directors, including stock options, restricted stock,
restricted stock units and participation in Cienas employee stock purchase plan. In March 2005,
the Securities and Exchange Commission issued SAB 107 relating to SFAS 123(R). Ciena has applied
the provisions of SAB 107 in its adoption of SFAS 123(R).
SFAS 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based awards on the date of
grant using an option-pricing model. Ciena uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model as its
method of determining fair value. This model is affected by Cienas stock price as well as
assumptions regarding a number of subjective variables. These subjective variables include, but are
not limited to Cienas expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, and actual and
projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. The value of the portion of the award that is
ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense in Cienas consolidated statement of
operations over the requisite service periods.
No tax benefits were attributed to the share-based compensation expense because a full
valuation allowance was maintained for all net deferred tax assets.
Income Taxes
Ciena accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS 109, Accounting for Income Taxes.
SFAS 109 describes an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax
assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences attributable to differences between
the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their
respective tax bases, and for operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. In estimating future
tax consequences, SFAS 109 generally considers all expected future events other than the enactment
of changes in tax laws or rates. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of
the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will
not be realized.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of Cienas financial instruments, which include short-term and long-term
investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other accrued expenses, approximate their
fair values due to their short maturities.
Foreign Currency Translation
Some of Cienas foreign branch offices and subsidiaries use the U.S. dollar as their
functional currency, because Ciena, as the U.S. parent entity, exclusively funds the operations of
these branch offices and subsidiaries with U.S. dollars. For those subsidiaries using the local
currency as their functional currency, assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates in
effect at the balance sheet date, and the statement of operations is translated at a monthly
average rate. Resulting translation adjustments are recorded directly to a separate component of
stockholders equity. Where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, re-measurement adjustments
are recorded in other income. The net gain (loss) on foreign currency re-measurement and exchange rate changes is immaterial for separate financial statement
presentation.
8
Computation of Basic Net Income (Loss) per Common Share and Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Dilutive
Potential Common Share
Ciena calculates earnings per share (EPS) in accordance with the SFAS 128, Earnings per
Share. This statement requires dual presentation of basic and diluted EPS on the face of the
income statement for entities with a complex capital structure and requires a reconciliation of the
numerator and denominator used for the basic and diluted EPS computations.
Software Development Costs
SFAS 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise
Marketed, requires the capitalization of certain software development costs incurred subsequent to
the date technological feasibility is established and prior to the date the product is generally
available for sale. The capitalized cost is then amortized over the estimated product life. Ciena
defines technological feasibility as being attained at the time a working model is completed. To
date, the period between achieving technological feasibility and the general availability of such
software has been short, and software development costs qualifying for capitalization have been
insignificant. Accordingly, Ciena has not capitalized any software development costs.
Segment Reporting
SFAS 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, establishes
annual and interim reporting standards for operating segments of a company. It also requires
entity-wide disclosures about the products and services an entity provides, the material countries
in which it holds assets and reports revenue, and its major customers. We report our financial
results as a single business segment.
Effects of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the SEC issued SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year
Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements. SAB 108
provides interpretative guidance on the process of quantifying financial statement misstatements
and is effective for fiscal years ending after November 15, 2006. The adoption of this statement in
our fiscal 2007 did not have a material impact on Cienas financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows.
In February 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS 155, Accounting
for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments which amends SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities and SFAS 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of
Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. SFAS 155 simplifies the accounting for
certain derivatives embedded in other financial instruments by allowing them to be accounted for as
a whole if the holder elects to account for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. SFAS 155
also clarifies and amends certain other provisions of SFAS 133 and SFAS 140. SFAS 155 is effective
for all financial instruments acquired, issued or subject to a remeasurement event occurring in
fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. The adoption of this statement in fiscal 2007 did
not have a material impact on Cienas financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections which
supersedes APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes and SFAS 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in
Interim Financial Statements. SFAS 154 changes the requirements for the accounting for and
reporting of a change in accounting principle. SFAS 154 also carries forward without change the
guidance contained in APB 20 for reporting the correction of an error in previously issued
financial statements and a change in accounting estimate. SFAS 154 requires retrospective
application to prior periods financial statements of changes in accounting principle, unless it is
impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the
change. The correction of an error in previously issued financial statements is not a change in
accounting principle. However, the reporting of an error correction involves adjustments to
previously issued financial statements similar to those generally applicable to reporting an
accounting change retroactively. Therefore, the reporting of a correction of an error by restating
previously issued financial statements is also addressed by SFAS 154. SFAS 154 is effective for
accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2005. The adoption of this statement in fiscal 2007 did not have a material impact on Cienas
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements. SFAS 157 defines fair
value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under generally accepted accounting
principles, and expands disclosures about fair
9
value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Ciena is
currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this statement could have on its financial
condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in
Income Taxes, an interpretation of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting
for Income Taxes. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing the minimum
recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial
statements. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest
and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. The interpretation applies
to all tax positions related to income taxes subject to SFAS 109. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2006. Differences between the amounts recognized in the
statements of financial position prior to the adoption of FIN 48 and the amounts reported after
adoption should be accounted for as a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to the beginning
balance of retained earnings. Ciena is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this
statement could have on its financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
(3) RESTRUCTURING COSTS
Ciena has previously taken actions to align its workforce, facilities and operating costs with
business opportunities. Ciena historically has committed to a restructuring plan and has incurred
the associated liability concurrently in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 146, Accounting
for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities. The following table displays the activity
and balances of the restructuring reserve account for the three months ending January 31, 2007 (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Workforce |
|
|
of excess |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reduction |
|
|
facilities |
|
|
Total |
|
Balance at October 31, 2006 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
35,634 |
|
|
$ |
35,634 |
|
Additional liability recorded |
|
|
71 |
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
71 |
|
Adjustment to previous estimates |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(537 |
)(b) |
|
|
(537 |
) |
Cash payments |
|
|
(71 |
) |
|
|
(2,897 |
) |
|
|
(2,968 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 31, 2007 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
32,200 |
|
|
$ |
32,200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current restructuring liabilities |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
7,621 |
|
|
$ |
7,621 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-current restructuring liabilities |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
24,579 |
|
|
$ |
24,579 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
During the first quarter of fiscal 2007, Ciena recorded a charge of $0.1 million
related to other costs associated with a previous workforce reduction. |
|
(b) |
|
During the first quarter of fiscal 2007, Ciena recorded an adjustment of $0.5 million
related to the costs associated with previously restructured facilities. |
The following table displays the activity and balances of the restructuring reserve
account for the three months ending January 31, 2006 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Workforce |
|
|
of excess |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reduction |
|
|
facilities |
|
|
Total |
|
Balance at October 31, 2005 |
|
$ |
270 |
|
|
$ |
69,507 |
|
|
$ |
69,777 |
|
Additional reserve recorded |
|
|
1,469 |
(a) |
|
|
742 |
(a) |
|
|
2,211 |
|
Adjustments to previous estimates |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(196 |
)(b) |
|
|
(196 |
) |
Lease settlement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,020 |
)(c) |
|
|
(6,020 |
) |
Cash payments |
|
|
(1,011 |
) |
|
|
(16,135 |
) |
|
|
(17,146 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 31, 2006 |
|
$ |
728 |
|
|
$ |
47,898 |
|
|
$ |
48,626 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current restructuring liabilities |
|
$ |
728 |
|
|
$ |
11,959 |
|
|
$ |
12,687 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-current restructuring liabilities |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
35,939 |
|
|
$ |
35,939 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
During the first quarter of fiscal 2006, Ciena recorded a charge of $0.7 million
related to the closure of one of its facilities located in Kanata, Ontario and a charge of
$1.5 million related to a workforce reduction of 62
employees. |
|
(b) |
|
During the first quarter of fiscal 2006, Ciena recorded an adjustment of $0.2 million
related to the costs associated with previously restructured
facilities. |
|
(c) |
|
During the first quarter of fiscal 2006, Ciena recorded a gain of $6.0 million related
to the buy-out of the lease of its former Fremont, CA facility, which Ciena had previously
restructured. |
10
(4) MARKETABLE DEBT AND EQUITY SECURITIES
Short-term and long-term investments, exclusive of restricted cash, are comprised of the
following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Unrealized |
|
|
Gross Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
$ |
503,138 |
|
|
$ |
137 |
|
|
$ |
570 |
|
|
$ |
502,705 |
|
Asset backed obligations |
|
|
214,266 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
397 |
|
|
|
213,888 |
|
US government obligations |
|
|
94,591 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
200 |
|
|
|
94,412 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
811,995 |
|
|
$ |
177 |
|
|
$ |
1,167 |
|
|
$ |
811,005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term investments |
|
|
497,366 |
|
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
794 |
|
|
|
496,628 |
|
Long-term investments |
|
|
314,629 |
|
|
|
121 |
|
|
|
373 |
|
|
|
314,377 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
811,995 |
|
|
$ |
177 |
|
|
$ |
1,167 |
|
|
$ |
811,005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Unrealized |
|
|
Gross Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
$ |
468,152 |
|
|
$ |
437 |
|
|
$ |
525 |
|
|
$ |
468,064 |
|
Asset backed obligations |
|
|
195,728 |
|
|
|
142 |
|
|
|
305 |
|
|
|
195,565 |
|
Commercial paper |
|
|
152,768 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
152,768 |
|
US government obligations |
|
|
163,643 |
|
|
|
84 |
|
|
|
324 |
|
|
|
163,403 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
980,291 |
|
|
$ |
663 |
|
|
$ |
1,154 |
|
|
$ |
979,800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term investments |
|
|
629,269 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
942 |
|
|
|
628,393 |
|
Long-term investments |
|
|
351,022 |
|
|
|
597 |
|
|
|
212 |
|
|
|
351,407 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
980,291 |
|
|
$ |
663 |
|
|
$ |
1,154 |
|
|
$ |
979,800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The gross unrealized losses, related to marketable debt investments, were primarily due
to changes in interest rates. Cienas management has determined that the gross unrealized losses on
its marketable debt investments at January 31, 2007 and October 31, 2006 are temporary in nature
because Ciena has the ability and intent to hold these investments until a recovery of fair value,
which may be maturity. The gross unrealized losses were as follows at January 31, 2007 and October
31, 2006 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Unrealized Losses Less |
|
|
Unrealized Losses 12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Than 12 Months |
|
|
Months or Greater |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
$ |
440 |
|
|
$ |
355,346 |
|
|
$ |
130 |
|
|
$ |
45,319 |
|
|
$ |
570 |
|
|
$ |
400,665 |
|
Asset backed obligations |
|
|
224 |
|
|
|
138,016 |
|
|
|
172 |
|
|
|
42,797 |
|
|
|
396 |
|
|
|
180,813 |
|
US government obligations |
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
25,590 |
|
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
53,951 |
|
|
|
201 |
|
|
|
79,541 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
749 |
|
|
$ |
518,952 |
|
|
$ |
418 |
|
|
$ |
142,067 |
|
|
$ |
1,167 |
|
|
$ |
661,019 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
Unrealized Losses Less |
|
|
Unrealized Losses 12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Than 12 Months |
|
|
Months or Greater |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
$ |
400 |
|
|
$ |
196,947 |
|
|
$ |
125 |
|
|
$ |
26,687 |
|
|
$ |
525 |
|
|
$ |
223,634 |
|
Asset backed obligations |
|
|
153 |
|
|
|
92,869 |
|
|
|
152 |
|
|
|
34,828 |
|
|
|
305 |
|
|
|
127,697 |
|
Commercial paper |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
US government obligations |
|
|
112 |
|
|
|
38,692 |
|
|
|
212 |
|
|
|
40,839 |
|
|
|
324 |
|
|
|
79,531 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
665 |
|
|
$ |
328,508 |
|
|
$ |
489 |
|
|
$ |
102,354 |
|
|
$ |
1,154 |
|
|
$ |
430,862 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11
The following table summarizes maturities of investments at January 31, 2007 (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized Cost |
|
|
Estimated Fair Value |
|
Less than one year |
|
$ |
497,366 |
|
|
$ |
496,628 |
|
Due in 1-2 years |
|
|
314,629 |
|
|
|
314,377 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
811,995 |
|
|
$ |
811,005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5) ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
As of January 31, 2007, trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts,
included three customers that accounted for 25.3%, 16.5%, and 14.7% of net trade accounts
receivable, respectively. As of October 31, 2006, the trade accounts receivable, net of allowance
for doubtful accounts, included two customers that accounted for 25.4% and 21.8% of the net trade
accounts receivable, respectively.
Cienas allowance for doubtful accounts as of October 31, 2006 and January 31, 2007 was $0.1
million.
(6) INVENTORIES
Inventories are comprised of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Raw materials |
|
$ |
29,627 |
|
|
$ |
29,622 |
|
Work-in-process |
|
|
9,156 |
|
|
|
7,795 |
|
Finished goods |
|
|
89,628 |
|
|
|
89,350 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
128,411 |
|
|
|
126,767 |
|
Provision for inventory excess and obsolescence |
|
|
(22,326 |
) |
|
|
(23,219 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
106,085 |
|
|
$ |
103,548 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ciena writes down its inventory for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable inventory by the
difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based on assumptions about
future demand and market conditions. During the first three months of fiscal 2007, Ciena recorded
a provision for inventory reserves of $4.8 million, primarily related to excess inventory due to a
change in forecasted sales for certain products. The following is a summary of the change in the
reserve for excess inventory and obsolete inventory during the first three months of fiscal
2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory Reserve |
|
Reserve balance as of October 31, 2006 |
|
$ |
22,326 |
|
Provision for excess inventory, net |
|
|
4,763 |
|
Actual inventory scrapped |
|
|
(3,870 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Reserve balance as of January 31, 2007 |
|
$ |
23,219 |
|
|
|
|
|
During the three months ended January 31, 2006, Ciena recorded a provision for inventory
reserves of $3.0 million, primarily related to excess inventory due to a change in forecasted sales
for certain products. The following is a summary of the change in the reserve for excess inventory
and obsolete inventory during the first three months of fiscal 2006 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory Reserve |
|
Reserve balance as of October 31, 2005 |
|
$ |
22,595 |
|
Provision for excess inventory, net |
|
|
3,000 |
|
Actual inventory scrapped |
|
|
(3,383 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Reserve balance as of January 31, 2006 |
|
$ |
22,212 |
|
|
|
|
|
12
(7) PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER
Prepaid expenses and other are comprised of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Interest receivable |
|
$ |
8,547 |
|
|
$ |
9,667 |
|
Prepaid VAT and other taxes |
|
|
9,467 |
|
|
|
16,746 |
|
Prepaid expenses |
|
|
8,445 |
|
|
|
11,328 |
|
Restricted cash |
|
|
6,990 |
|
|
|
6,808 |
|
Other non-trade receivables |
|
|
2,923 |
|
|
|
1,851 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
36,372 |
|
|
$ |
46,400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8) EQUIPMENT, FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Equipment, furniture and fixtures are comprised of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Equipment, furniture and fixtures |
|
$ |
253,953 |
|
|
$ |
257,886 |
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
36,203 |
|
|
|
36,525 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
290,156 |
|
|
|
294,411 |
|
Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(260,729 |
) |
|
|
(261,544 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
29,427 |
|
|
$ |
32,867 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9) OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Other intangible assets are comprised of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible |
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
Net Intangible |
|
|
Intangible |
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
Net Intangible |
|
Developed technology |
|
$ |
139,983 |
|
|
$ |
(87,577 |
) |
|
$ |
52,406 |
|
|
$ |
139,983 |
|
|
$ |
(91,846 |
) |
|
$ |
48,137 |
|
Patents and licenses |
|
|
47,370 |
|
|
|
(25,463 |
) |
|
|
21,907 |
|
|
|
47,370 |
|
|
|
(27,024 |
) |
|
|
20,346 |
|
Customer relationships,
covenants not to
compete, outstanding
purchase orders and
contracts |
|
|
45,981 |
|
|
|
(29,020 |
) |
|
|
16,961 |
|
|
|
45,981 |
|
|
|
(30,453 |
) |
|
|
15,528 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
233,334 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
91,274 |
|
|
$ |
233,334 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
84,011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The aggregate amortization expense of other intangible assets was $7.3 million for the
first three months of fiscal 2006 and 2007. The following table represents the expected future
amortization of other intangible assets as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
2007 (remaining nine months) |
|
$ |
21,787 |
|
2008 |
|
|
27,840 |
|
2009 |
|
|
19,254 |
|
2010 |
|
|
14,500 |
|
2011 |
|
|
630 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
84,011 |
|
|
|
|
|
13
(10) OTHER BALANCE SHEET DETAILS
Other long-term assets (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Maintenance spares inventory, net |
|
$ |
14,724 |
|
|
$ |
15,800 |
|
Deferred debt issuance costs |
|
|
10,306 |
|
|
|
9,429 |
|
Investments in privately held companies |
|
|
6,489 |
|
|
|
6,489 |
|
Restricted cash |
|
|
3,227 |
|
|
|
3,930 |
|
Other |
|
|
2,658 |
|
|
|
2,661 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
37,404 |
|
|
$ |
38,309 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred debt issuance costs are amortized using the straight line method which approximates
the effect of the effective interest rate method on the maturity of the related debt. Amortization
of debt issuance cost, which is included in interest expense, was $0.6 million and $0.9 million
during the first three months of fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2007, respectively. This increase reflects
Cienas April 10, 2006 issuance of 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due May 1, 2013.
Accrued liabilities (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
Janaury 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Warranty |
|
$ |
31,751 |
|
|
$ |
33,607 |
|
Accrued compensation, payroll related tax and benefits |
|
|
24,102 |
|
|
|
26,340 |
|
Accrued interest payable |
|
|
5,502 |
|
|
|
10,355 |
|
Other |
|
|
17,927 |
|
|
|
19,763 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
79,282 |
|
|
$ |
90,065 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The provision for warranty during the first quarter of fiscal 2007 reflects a $0.7 million increase resulting
from an out of period adjustment. This adjustment was not material to the financial statements for the first
quarter of fiscal 2007 or Cienas fiscal year ended October 31, 2006. The following table summarizes
the activity in Cienas accrued warranty for the three months
of fiscal 2006 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at |
Three months ended January 31, |
|
Beginning Balance |
|
Provisions |
|
Settlements |
|
end of period |
2006 |
|
$ |
27,044 |
|
|
|
2,470 |
|
|
|
(2,762 |
) |
|
$ |
26,752 |
|
2007 |
|
$ |
31,751 |
|
|
|
4,791 |
|
|
|
(2,935 |
) |
|
$ |
33,607 |
|
Deferred revenue (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Products |
|
$ |
4,276 |
|
|
$ |
3,366 |
|
Services |
|
|
36,400 |
|
|
|
39,496 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40,676 |
|
|
|
42,862 |
|
Less current portion |
|
|
(19,637 |
) |
|
|
(20,015 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term deferred revenue |
|
$ |
21,039 |
|
|
$ |
22,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11) CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE
Ciena 3.75% Convertible Notes, due February 1, 2008
On February 9, 2001, Ciena completed a public offering of 3.75% Convertible Notes, due
February 1, 2008, in an aggregate principal amount of $690.0 million. Interest is payable on
February 1 and August 1 of each year. The notes may be converted into shares of Cienas common
stock at any time before their maturity or their prior redemption or repurchase by Ciena. The
conversion rate is 1.3687 shares per each $1,000 principal amount of notes, subject to adjustment
in certain circumstances. Prior to maturity, Ciena has the option to redeem all or a portion of the
notes that have not been previously converted at 100.536% of the principal amount.
14
At January 26, 2007, the fair value of the outstanding $542.3 million in aggregate
principal amount of 3.75% convertible notes was $528.7 million. Fair value is based on the quoted
market price for the notes.
0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due May 1, 2013
On April 10, 2006, Ciena completed a public offering of 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due May
1, 2013, in aggregate principal amount of $300.0 million. The notes bear interest at the annual
rate of 0.25%, payable semi-annually on May 1 and November 1. The notes are senior unsecured
obligations of Ciena and rank equally with all of Cienas other existing and future senior
unsecured debt.
At the election of the holder, the notes may be converted prior to maturity into shares of
Ciena common stock at the initial conversion rate of 25.3001 shares per $1,000 in principal amount,
which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of $39.5255 per share. The notes may not be
redeemed by Ciena prior to May 5, 2009. At any time on or after May 5, 2009, if the closing sale
price of Cienas common stock for at least 20 trading days in any 30 consecutive trading day period
ending on the date one day prior to the date of the notice of redemption exceeds 130% of the
conversion price, Ciena may redeem the notes in whole or in part, at a redemption price in cash
equal to the principal amount to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
If Ciena undergoes a fundamental change (as that term is defined in the indenture), holders
of notes will have the right, subject to certain exemptions, to require Ciena to purchase for cash
any or all of their notes at a price equal to the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid
interest. If the holder elects to convert his or her notes in connection with a specified
fundamental change, in certain circumstances, Ciena will be required to increase the applicable
conversion rate, depending on the price paid per share for Ciena common stock and the effective
date of the fundamental change transaction.
At January 26, 2007, the fair value of the outstanding $300.0 million in aggregate principal
amount of 0.25% convertible senior notes outstanding was $278.8 million, based on the quoted market
price for the notes.
15
(12) INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE CALCULATION
The following table (in thousands except per share amounts) is a reconciliation of the
numerator and denominator of the basic net income (loss) per common share (Basic EPS) and the
diluted net income (loss) per dilutive potential common share (Diluted EPS). Basic EPS is
computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS is computed
using the weighted average number of (i) common shares outstanding, (ii) shares issuable upon
vesting of restricted stock units, (iii) shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock
options, employee stock purchase plan options and warrants using the treasury stock method; and
(iv) shares underlying the 0.25% convertible senior notes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Numerator |
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(6,291 |
) |
|
$ |
11,056 |
|
Add: Interest expense associated with
0.25% convertible senior notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
188 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) used to calculate
Diluted EPS |
|
$ |
(6,291 |
) |
|
$ |
11,244 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator |
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |
|
|
82,967 |
|
|
|
84,953 |
|
Add: Shares underlying outstanding stock
options, employees stock purchase plan
options, warrants and restricted stock
units |
|
|
|
|
|
|
716 |
|
Add: Shares underlying 0.25% convertible
senior notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,590 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dilutive weighted average shares
outstanding |
|
|
82,967 |
|
|
|
93,259 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EPS |
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Basic EPS |
|
$ |
(0.08 |
) |
|
$ |
0.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted EPS |
|
$ |
(0.08 |
) |
|
$ |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Explanation of Shares Excluded due to Anti-Dilutive Effect
For the first quarter of fiscal 2006, approximately 9.1 million shares, representing the
weighted average number of shares underlying outstanding stock options, restricted stock units,
warrants and Cienas 3.75% convertible notes, are considered anti-dilutive because Ciena incurred
net losses during these periods.
For the first quarter of fiscal 2007, approximately 4.8 million shares, representing the
weighted average number of shares underlying outstanding stock options, employee stock purchase
plan options, restricted stock units, and warrants are considered anti-dilutive because the
exercise price of these equity awards is greater than the average per share closing price on the
NASDAQ Stock Market during this period. In addition, approximately 0.7 million shares, representing
the weighted average number of shares issuable upon conversion of Cienas 3.75% convertible notes,
are considered anti-dilutive pursuant to SFAS 128 because the related interest expense on a per
common share if converted basis exceeds Basic EPS for the period.
16
The following table (in thousands except per share amounts) summarizes the shares excluded
from the calculation of the denominator for Basic and Diluted EPS due to their anti-dilutive
effect:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares excluded from EPS Denominator due to anti-dilutive effect |
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Shares underlying outstanding stock
options, employee stock purchase plan options,
warrants and restricted stock units |
|
|
8,289 |
|
|
|
4,760 |
|
Shares underlying 3.75% convertible notes |
|
|
797 |
|
|
|
742 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total excluded due to anti-dilutive effect |
|
|
9,086 |
|
|
|
5,502 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13) STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Call Spread Option
Concurrent with Cienas April 10, 2006 issuance of 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due May 1,
2013, Ciena purchased a call spread option on its common stock from an affiliate of the
underwriter. The call spread option is designed to mitigate dilution from the conversion of the
notes to the extent that the market price per share of Ciena common stock upon exercise is greater
than the conversion price, subject to a cap.
The call spread option covers approximately 7.6 million shares of Ciena common stock, which is
the number of shares issuable upon conversion of the notes in full. The call spread option
effectively has a lower strike price of $39.5255 and a higher strike price of $45.54025 and is
exercisable and expires on May 1, 2013, the maturity date of the notes. Ciena can exercise the call
spread option on a net cash basis, a net share basis or a full physical settlement. A net cash
settlement would result in Ciena receiving an amount ranging from $0, if the market price per share
of Ciena common stock upon exercise is equal to or below the lower strike price, to approximately
$45.7 million, if the market price per share of Ciena common stock upon exercise is at or above the
higher strike price. Settlement of the call spread option on a net share basis would result in
Ciena receiving a number of shares ranging from 0, if the market price per share of Ciena common
stock upon exercise is equal to or below the lower strike price, up to approximately 1.0 million
shares, if the market price per share of Ciena common stock upon exercise is equal to the higher
strike price. The value of the consideration of a net share settlement will be equal to the value
upon a net cash settlement. If the market price is between the lower strike price and the higher
strike price, in lieu of a net share or net cash settlement, Ciena may elect to receive the full
number of shares underlying the call spread option upon payment by Ciena of an aggregate option
exercise price of $300.0 million. Should there be an early unwind of the call spread option, the
amount of cash or net shares to be received by Ciena will be dependent upon the existing overall
market conditions, and on Cienas stock price, the volatility of Cienas stock and the remaining
term of the call spread option.
The number of shares subject to the call spread option and the lower price and higher strike
prices are subject to customary adjustments. The $28.5 million cost of the call spread option was
recorded as a reduction in additional paid in capital.
(14) SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE
During fiscal 2005, the Board of Directors determined that all future grants of stock options,
restricted stock units, or other forms of equity-based compensation will solely be issued under the
Ciena Corporation 2000 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2000 Plan) and the 2003 Employee Stock Purchase
Plan (the ESPP).
Ciena Corporation 2000 Equity Incentive Plan
The 2000 Plan, which is a shareholder approved plan, was assumed by Ciena as a result of its
merger with ONI. It authorizes the issuance of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock
units and stock bonuses to employees, officers, directors, consultants, independent contractors and
advisors. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has broad discretion to establish
the terms and conditions for equity awards, including number of shares, vesting and required
service or other performance criteria. The maximum term of any award under the 2000 Plan is
ten years. The exercise price of options may not be less than 85% of the fair market value of the
stock at the date of grant, or 100% of the fair market value for qualified options.
17
Under the terms of the 2000 Plan, the number of shares authorized for issuance will increase
by 5.0% of the number of Ciena shares issued and outstanding on January 1 of each year, unless the
Compensation Committee reduces the amount of the increase in any year. By action of the
Compensation Committee, no additional shares were added to the Plan on January 1, 2005, 2006 or
2007. In addition, any shares subject to outstanding options or other awards under the ONI 1997
Stock Plan, ONI 1998 Equity Incentive Plan, or ONI 1999 Equity Incentive Plan that are forfeited
upon cancellation of the award are available for issuance under the 2000 Plan. As of January 31,
2007, there were 4.2 million shares authorized and available for issuance under the 2000 Plan.
Stock Options
The following table is a summary of Cienas stock option activity (shares in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
Options Outstanding |
|
|
Exercise Price |
|
Balance as of October 31, 2006 |
|
|
7,110 |
|
|
$ |
48.52 |
|
Granted |
|
|
342 |
|
|
|
27.03 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(154 |
) |
|
|
19.52 |
|
Canceled |
|
|
(249 |
) |
|
|
38.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of Janaury 31, 2007 |
|
|
7,049 |
|
|
$ |
48.47 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the first three months of fiscal 2007
was $1.3 million.
The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options outstanding at
January 31, 2007, based on Cienas closing stock price on January 26, 2007 of $28.78 per share
(shares and intrinsic value in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options Outstanding at January 31, 2007 |
|
|
Vested Options at January 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
Range of |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
Exercise |
|
|
Life |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Intrinsic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Intrinsic |
|
Price |
|
|
Number |
|
|
(Years) |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Number |
|
|
(Years) |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Value |
|
$ 0.01 |
|
$ |
16.52 |
|
|
|
905 |
|
|
|
7.94 |
|
|
$ |
14.33 |
|
|
$ |
13,086 |
|
|
|
362 |
|
|
|
7.16 |
|
|
$ |
11.87 |
|
|
$ |
6,119 |
|
$16.53 |
|
$ |
17.43 |
|
|
|
837 |
|
|
|
8.27 |
|
|
|
17.19 |
|
|
|
9,701 |
|
|
|
310 |
|
|
|
8.02 |
|
|
|
17.09 |
|
|
|
3,626 |
|
$17.44 |
|
$ |
22.96 |
|
|
|
841 |
|
|
|
7.52 |
|
|
|
21.72 |
|
|
|
5,935 |
|
|
|
794 |
|
|
|
7.41 |
|
|
|
21.76 |
|
|
|
5,579 |
|
$22.97 |
|
$ |
31.36 |
|
|
|
911 |
|
|
|
8.26 |
|
|
|
27.51 |
|
|
|
1,381 |
|
|
|
485 |
|
|
|
6.93 |
|
|
|
27.49 |
|
|
|
822 |
|
$31.37 |
|
$ |
31.71 |
|
|
|
1,026 |
|
|
|
5.91 |
|
|
|
31.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,002 |
|
|
|
5.83 |
|
|
|
31.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
$31.72 |
|
$ |
46.97 |
|
|
|
708 |
|
|
|
6.23 |
|
|
|
40.82 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
647 |
|
|
|
5.95 |
|
|
|
41.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
$46.98 |
|
$ |
83.13 |
|
|
|
774 |
|
|
|
5.18 |
|
|
|
60.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
774 |
|
|
|
5.18 |
|
|
|
60.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
$83.14 |
|
$ |
1,046.50 |
|
|
|
1,047 |
|
|
|
3.99 |
|
|
|
155.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,047 |
|
|
|
3.99 |
|
|
|
155.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 0.01 |
|
$ |
1,046.50 |
|
|
|
7,049 |
|
|
|
6.61 |
|
|
$ |
48.47 |
|
|
$ |
30,103 |
|
|
|
5,421 |
|
|
|
5.94 |
|
|
$ |
56.87 |
|
|
$ |
16,146 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As
of January 31, 2007, total unrecognized compensation expense related
to unvested stock options was $14.6 million. This expense is expected
to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.
18
Restricted Stock Units
A restricted stock unit is a right to receive a share of Ciena common stock when the unit
vests. Ciena calculates the fair value of each restricted stock unit based on the fair value of the
common stock and recognizes the expense ratably over the requisite period. The following table is a
summary of Cienas restricted stock unit activity, based on Cienas closing stock price as January
26, 2007 of $28.78 per share (shares and fair value in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted Stock |
|
|
Grant Date Fair |
|
|
Aggregate Fair |
|
|
|
Units Outstanding |
|
|
Value Per Share |
|
|
Value |
|
Balance as of October 31, 2006 |
|
|
162 |
|
|
$ |
22.99 |
|
|
$ |
3,829 |
|
Granted |
|
|
1,149 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Converted |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canceled or forfeited |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of January 31, 2007 |
|
|
1,287 |
|
|
$ |
27.28 |
|
|
$ |
37,062 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
total fair value of restricted stock units converted during the first three months of
fiscal 2007 was $0.5 million.
As of January 31, 2007, total unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock
units was $33.2 million. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period
of 2.2 years.
2003 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In March 2003, Ciena shareholders approved the ESPP, which has a ten-year term and originally
authorized the issuance of 2.9 million shares. At the 2005 annual meeting, Ciena shareholders
approved an amendment increasing the number of shares available to 3.6 million and adopting an
evergreen provision that on December 31 of each year provides for an increase in the number of
shares available by up to 0.6 million shares, provided that the total number of shares available
shall not exceed 3.6 million. Pursuant to the evergreen provision, the maximum number of shares
that may be added to the ESPP during the remainder of its ten-year term is 3.4 million
Under the ESPP, eligible employees may enroll in an offer period during certain open
enrollment periods. New offer periods begin March 16 and September 16 of each year. Prior to the
offer period commencing September 15, 2006, (i) each offer period consisted of four, six-month
purchase periods during which employee payroll deductions were accumulated and used to purchase
shares of common stock; and (ii) the purchase price of the shares was 15% less than the fair market
value on either the first day of an offer period or the last day of a purchase period, whichever
was lower. In addition, if the fair market value on the purchase date was less than the fair market
value on the first day of an offer period, then participants automatically commenced a new offer
period.
On May 30, 2006, the Compensation Committee amended the ESPP, effective September 15, 2006, to
shorten the offer period under the ESPP to six months. As a result of this change, the offer period
and any purchase period will be the same six-month period. Under the amended ESPP, the applicable
purchase price equals 95% of the fair market value of Ciena common stock on the last day of each
purchase period. Employees enrolled with offer periods commenced prior to September 15, 2006, will
be permitted to complete the remaining purchase periods in their current offer period. These
amendments were intended to enable the ESPP to be considered a non-compensatory plan under FAS
123(R) for future offering periods.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ESPP shares available |
|
|
Intrinisic value at |
|
|
|
for issuance |
|
|
exercise date |
|
Balance as of October 31, 2006 |
|
|
2,976 |
|
|
|
|
|
Evergreen provision |
|
|
571 |
|
|
|
|
|
Issued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of Janaury 31, 2007 |
|
|
3,547 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of January 31, 2007, unrecognized compensation expense related to the ESPP was $0.3
million. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.0 years.
19
Share-Based Compensation under SFAS 123(R) for the first quarter of fiscal 2006 and first quarter
of fiscal 2007
On November 1, 2005, Ciena adopted SFAS 123(R), which requires the measurement and recognition
of compensation expense, based on estimated fair values, for all share-based payments awards made
to Cienas employees and directors including stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock unit
awards and stock purchased under Cienas ESPP.
The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense under SFAS 123(R) for the
first quarter of fiscal 2006 and the first quarter of fiscal 2007 which was allocated as follows
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
Product costs
|
|
$ |
135 |
|
|
$ |
221 |
|
Service costs
|
|
|
188 |
|
|
|
193 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share-based compensation
expense included in cost
of sales
|
|
|
323 |
|
|
|
414 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
1,637 |
|
|
|
743 |
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
1,046 |
|
|
|
1,040 |
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
821 |
|
|
|
1,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share-based compensation
expense included in
operating expense
|
|
|
3,504 |
|
|
|
2,783 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense capitalized in inventory, net
|
|
|
356 |
|
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total share-based compensation
|
|
$ |
4,183 |
|
|
$ |
3,289 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As share-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of operations is
based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures.
Forfeitures were estimated based on Cienas historical experience.
Fair Value and Assumptions Used to Calculate Fair Value under SFAS 123(R)
Assumptions for Option-Based Awards under SFAS 123(R)
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model, with the following weighted average assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Expected volatility |
|
|
62.0 |
% |
|
|
55.8 |
% |
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
4.3% - 4.5 |
% |
|
|
4.6% - 5.0 |
% |
Expected life (years) |
|
|
6.0 - 6.1 |
|
|
|
6.0 - 6.4 |
|
Expected dividend yield |
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
0.0 |
% |
Consistent with SFAS 123(R) and SAB 107, Ciena considered the implied volatility and
historical volatility of its stock price in determining its expected volatility, and, finding both
to be equally reliable, determined that a combination of both would result in the best estimate of
expected volatility.
The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for
the term of Cienas employee stock options.
The expected life of employee stock options represents the weighted-average period the stock
options are expected to remain outstanding. Because Ciena considers its options to be plain
vanilla, it calculated the expected term using the simplified method as prescribed in SAB 107.
Under SAB 107, options are considered to be plain vanilla if they have the following basic
characteristics: granted at-the-money; exerciseability is conditioned upon service through the
vesting date; termination of service prior to vesting results in forfeiture; limited exercise
period following termination of service; and options are non-transferable and non-hedgeable.
20
The dividend yield assumption is based on Cienas history and expectation of dividend
payouts.
Assumptions for Restricted Stock Unit Awards under SFAS 123(R)
The fair value of each restricted stock unit award is based on the fair value of the common
stock on the date of grant. The weighted average fair value of each restricted stock unit granted
under Cienas stock option plans for the first three months of fiscal 2006 and the first three
months of fiscal 2007 was $18.29 and $27.88, respectively.
Assumptions for Employee Stock Purchase Plan Awards under SFAS 123(R)
The amendments to the ESPP for offer periods on or after September 15, 2006 described above
were intended to enable the ESPP to be considered a non-compensatory plan under FAS 123(R) for
future offering periods. Employees enrolled with offer periods that commenced prior to September
15, 2006, however, are permitted to complete the remaining purchase periods in their current offer
period. For these continuing offer periods, the fair value is determined as of the grant date,
using the graded vesting approach. Under the graded vesting approach, the 24-month ESPP offer
period, which consists of four, six-month purchase periods, is treated for valuation purpose as
four separate option tranches with individual lives of six, 12, 18 and 24 months, each commencing
on the initial grant date. Each tranche is expensed straight-line over its individual life.
(15) COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The components of comprehensive income (loss) were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net income
(loss) |
|
$ |
(6,291 |
) |
|
$ |
11,056 |
|
Change in unrealized loss on
available-for-sale
securities |
|
|
1,240 |
|
|
|
(505 |
) |
Change in accumulated translation
adjustments |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(162 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive income
(loss) |
|
$ |
(5,061 |
) |
|
$ |
10,389 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16) ENTITY WIDE DISCLOSURES
The following table reflects Cienas geographic distribution of revenue from customers,
identifying the specific country where revenue attributable to that country during the applicable
period is greater than 10% of total revenue. Except as otherwise identified below, revenue
attributable to geographic regions outside of the United States is reflected as International
revenue. For the periods below, Cienas geographic distribution of revenue was as follows (in
thousands, except percentage data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
United States |
|
$ |
102,670 |
|
|
|
85.3 |
|
|
$ |
119,603 |
|
|
|
72.4 |
|
United
Kingdom |
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,646 |
|
|
|
12.5 |
|
International |
|
|
17,760 |
|
|
|
14.7 |
|
|
|
24,852 |
|
|
|
15.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
120,430 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
165,101 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total revenue |
n/a Denotes less than 10% for the period
21
The following table reflects Cienas geographic distribution of equipment, furniture and
fixtures, identifying the specific country where the assets attributable to that country are
greater than 10% of total equipment, furniture and fixtures. Except as otherwise identified below,
equipment, furniture and fixtures attributable to geographic regions outside of the United States
are reflected as International. For the periods below, Cienas geographic distribution of
equipment, furniture and fixtures was as follows (in thousands, except percentage data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
United States |
|
$ |
21,934 |
|
|
|
74.5 |
|
|
$ |
24,204 |
|
|
|
73.7 |
|
India |
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,499 |
|
|
|
10.6 |
|
International |
|
|
7,493 |
|
|
|
25.5 |
|
|
|
5,164 |
|
|
|
15.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
29,427 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
32,867 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total equipment, furniture and fixtures |
n/a Denotes less than 10% for the period
For the periods below, product portfolio distribution of revenue was as follows (in
thousands, except percentage data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
Optical networking
products |
|
$ |
73,404 |
|
|
|
61.1 |
|
|
$ |
127,199 |
|
|
|
77.0 |
|
Broadband networking
products |
|
|
24,983 |
|
|
|
20.7 |
|
|
|
9,409 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
|
Data networking
products |
|
|
6,057 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
|
4,881 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
Network and services
management software, and
other |
|
|
1,497 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
4,793 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
|
Global network
services |
|
|
14,489 |
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
|
|
18,819 |
|
|
|
11.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
120,430 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
165,101 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total revenue |
For the periods below, customers accounting for at least 10% of Cienas revenue were as
follows (in thousands, except percentage data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
Company A |
|
$ |
13,990 |
|
|
|
11.6 |
|
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
Company B |
|
|
23,494 |
|
|
|
19.5 |
|
|
|
18,846 |
|
|
|
11.4 |
|
Company C |
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30,992 |
|
|
|
18.8 |
|
Company D |
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31,956 |
|
|
|
19.3 |
|
Company E |
|
|
17,073 |
|
|
|
14.2 |
|
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
54,557 |
|
|
|
45.3 |
|
|
$ |
81,794 |
|
|
|
49.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
n/a |
|
Denotes revenue recognized less than 10% of total revenue for the period |
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total revenue |
(17) CONTINGENCIES
Foreign Tax Contingencies
Ciena
has received assessment notices totaling $6.6 million from the Mexican tax authorities asserting deficiencies
in payments between 2001 and 2005 related primarily to income taxes and import taxes and duties. In
October 2006, Ciena filed administrative petitions disputing these assessments. In February 2007,
Ciena received notification that one of its petitions had been denied. Ciena intends to file a
judicial petition appealing the assessment. As of January 31, 2007, Ciena had accrued liabilities
of $0.8 million related to these contingencies, which are reported as a component of other current
accrued liabilities. As of October 31, 2006, Ciena had accrued liabilities of $0.7 million related
to these contingencies, which are reported as a component of other current accrued liabilities. As of January 31, 2007,
Ciena estimates that it could be exposed to possible losses of up to
$5.8 million, for which it has not accrued
liabilities, related to this contingency. Ciena has not accrued these liabilities because it does not deem such losses
probable. Ciena continues to
22
evaluate the likelihood of probable and reasonably possible losses, if any, related to
these assessments. As a result, future increases or decreases to our accrued liabilities may be
necessary and will be recorded in the period when such amounts are probable and estimable.
Litigation
On October 3, 2000, Stanford University and Litton Systems filed a complaint in the United
States District Court for the Central District of California against Ciena and several other
defendants, alleging that optical fiber amplifiers incorporated into certain of those parties
products infringe U.S. Patent No. 4,859,016 (the 016 Patent). The complaint seeks injunctive
relief, royalties and damages. On October 10, 2003, the court stayed the case pending final
resolution of matters before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (the PTO), including a request
for and disposition of a reexamination of the 016 Patent. On October 16, 2003 and November 2,
2004, the PTO granted reexaminations of the 016 Patent, resulting in a continuation of the stay of
the case. On September 11, 2006, the PTO issued a Notice of Intent to Issue a Reexamination
Certificate and Statement of Reasons for Patentability/Confirmation, stating its intent to confirm
certain claims of the 016 Patent. Thereafter, on September 19, 2006, Litton Systems filed a status
report in which it requested that the district court lift the stay of the case, which request was
denied by the district court on October 13, 2006. Ciena believes that it has valid defenses to the
lawsuit and intends to defend it vigorously in the event the stay of the case is lifted.
As a result of our merger with ONI Systems Corp. in June 2002, Ciena became a defendant in a
securities class action lawsuit. Beginning in August 2001, a number of substantially identical
class action complaints alleging violations of the federal securities laws were filed in the United
States District Court for the Southern District of New York. These complaints name ONI, Hugh C.
Martin, ONIs former chairman, president and chief executive officer; Chris A. Davis, ONIs former
executive vice president, chief financial officer and administrative officer; and certain
underwriters of ONIs initial public offering as defendants. The complaints were consolidated into
a single action, and a consolidated amended complaint was filed on April 24, 2002. The amended
complaint alleges, among other things, that the underwriter defendants violated the securities laws
by failing to disclose alleged compensation arrangements (such as undisclosed commissions or stock
stabilization practices) in the initial public offerings registration statement and by engaging in
manipulative practices to artificially inflate the price of ONIs common stock after the initial
public offering. The amended complaint also alleges that ONI and the named former officers violated
the securities laws on the basis of an alleged failure to disclose the underwriters alleged
compensation arrangements and manipulative practices. No specific amount of damages has been
claimed. Similar complaints have been filed against more than 300 other issuers that have had
initial public offerings since 1998, and all of these actions have been included in a single
coordinated proceeding. Mr. Martin and Ms. Davis have been dismissed from the action without
prejudice pursuant to a tolling agreement. In July 2004, following mediated settlement
negotiations, the plaintiffs, the issuer defendants (including Ciena), and their insurers entered
into a settlement agreement, whereby, if approved, the plaintiffs cases against the issuers would
be dismissed, the insurers would agree to guarantee a recovery by the plaintiffs from the
underwriter defendants of at least $1 billion, and the issuer defendants would agree to assign or
surrender to the plaintiffs certain claims the issuers may have against the underwriters. The
settlement agreement does not require Ciena to pay any amount toward the settlement or to make any
other payments. In October 2004, the district court certified a class with respect to the Section
10(b) claims in six focus cases selected out of all of the consolidated cases, which cases did
not include Ciena, and which decision was appealed by the underwriter defendants to the U.S. Court
of Appeals for the Second Circuit. On February 15, 2005, the district court granted the motion
filed by the plaintiffs and issuer defendants for preliminary approval of the settlement agreement,
subject to certain
modifications to the proposed bar order, and directed the parties to submit a revised
settlement agreement reflecting its opinion. On August 31, 2005, the district court issued a
preliminary order approving the revised stipulated settlement agreement, and approving and setting
dates for notice of the settlement to all class members. A fairness hearing was held on April 24,
2006, at which time the court took the matter under advisement. If the court determines that the
settlement is fair to the class members, the settlement will be approved. On December 5, 2006, the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit vacated the district courts grant of class
certification in the six focus cases. Because the settlement agreement involves certification of a
settlement class as part of the approval process, the impact of the Second Circuits decision on
the settlement remains unclear.
In addition to the matters described above, Ciena is subject to various legal proceedings,
claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these
matters is currently not determinable, Ciena does not expect that the ultimate costs to resolve
these matters will have a material effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash
flows.
23
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Some of the statements contained, or incorporated by reference, in this quarterly report
discuss future events or expectations, contain projections of results of operations or financial
condition, changes in the markets for our products and services, or state other forward-looking
information. Cienas forward-looking information is based on various factors and was derived
using numerous assumptions. In some cases, you can identify these forward-looking statements by
words like may, will, should, expects, plans, anticipates, believes, estimates,
predicts, potential or continue or the negative of those words and other comparable words.
You should be aware that these statements only reflect our current predictions and beliefs. These
statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, and actual
events or results may differ materially. Important factors that could cause our actual results to
be materially different from the forward-looking statements are disclosed throughout this report,
particularly under the heading Risk Factors in Item 1A of Part II of this report below. You
should review these risk factors and the rest of this quarterly report in combination with the more
detailed description of our business in our annual report on Form 10-K, which we filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2007, for a more complete understanding of the
risks associated with an investment in Cienas securities. Ciena undertakes no obligation to revise
or update any forward-looking statements.
Overview
Ciena Corporation is a supplier of communications networking equipment, software and services
that support the delivery and transport of voice, video and data services. Our products are used in
communications networks operated by telecommunications service providers, cable operators,
governments and enterprises around the globe. We specialize in transitioning legacy communications
networks to converged, next-generation architectures, capable of efficiently delivering a broader
mix of high-bandwidth services. By improving network productivity, reducing costs and enabling
integrated services offerings, our optical, data and broadband access platforms create business and
operational value for our customers.
The first quarter of fiscal 2007 represents our twelfth consecutive quarter of sequential
revenue growth and our second consecutive profitable quarter. Our progress over the last three
years is a result of improving conditions in the markets for our products and our continued
investment in our business to better position ourselves to take advantage of these market
improvements. Our strategy has included efforts to broaden our product portfolio and introduce
products and product features designed to assist our customers to transition to next-generation
network architectures. At the same time we have taken steps to realize cost efficiencies in our
engineering and product manufacturing operations. These efforts have resulted in our steady growth
in revenues, more stabilized operating expense and improved gross margin in recent periods.
Revenue was $165.1 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2007, representing a 37.1% increase
from $120.4 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2006 and a 3.2% sequential increase from $160.0
million in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006. International revenue represented 27.6% of revenue in
the first quarter of fiscal 2007, an increase from 14.7% in the first quarter of 2006 and a
decrease from 31.7% in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006. While we believe that current market
conditions and customer demand will enable us to continue to increase our revenue during fiscal
2007, our results remain susceptible to fluctuation from quarter to quarter. We expect that a
sizable portion of our revenue will come from larger network builds. These projects often involve
equipment orders that come in large batches and contract terms that may result in recognizing
significant amounts of revenue at one time. Together these factors can exacerbate quarterly
fluctuations in revenue.
The telecommunications industry has experienced a period of consolidation, including a number
of companies that have been significant customers of ours during prior periods. In December 2006,
AT&T completed its acquisition of BellSouth. As a result, AT&T is likely to represent a greater
percentage of our revenue in fiscal 2007. For the first quarter of fiscal 2007, three customers
accounted for greater than 10% of our revenue and 49.5% in the aggregate. Consolidation of some of
our largest customers has presented both opportunities and challenges across our product lines.
While we believe that these mergers have provided additional sales opportunities for our optical
networking products, revenue from our broadband access products has been negatively affected by
these mergers in recent quarters. We expect these mergers will result in further concentration of
our revenue and, over the long term, may result in additional risks to our business, including
increased pricing pressure and exposure to changes in network strategies or reductions in capital
expenditures affecting network investments.
Gross margin for the first quarter of fiscal 2007 was 44.6%, up from 41.9% in the first
quarter of fiscal 2006 and down slightly from 45.5% in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006. Although
our gross margin has been relatively stable in recent quarters, it remains susceptible to
fluctuation as a result of sales volume and customer and product mix in any quarter. Price
competition and an increasingly competitive landscape may also contribute to pressure on gross
margin in fiscal 2007 when compared with the levels achieved during the second and third quarters
of fiscal 2006. Gross margin in the near term may
24
also be affected by our introduction of new
products, particularly if we encounter low initial sales volumes and high initial production costs.
For the first quarter of fiscal 2007, Ciena had net income of $11.1 million, or $0.12 per
diluted share. This compares with a net loss of $6.3 million, or $.08 per share for the first
quarter of fiscal 2006, and a net income of $13.1 million, or $0.14 per diluted share for the
fourth quarter of fiscal 2006.
Operating expense for the first quarter of fiscal 2007 was $70.8 million, an increase from
$65.6 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2006 and $68.9 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal
2006. Operating expense for the first quarter of fiscal 2006 included a gain of $6.0 million from
the buy-out of the lease on our former Fremont, CA facility, and $2.6 million due to the recovery
of a doubtful account. We expect quarterly operating expense to increase from the first quarter of
fiscal 2007 during the remainder of fiscal 2007 as we fund the growth of our business through research
and development initiatives, increased hiring and the expansion of our development operations in
India.
We used $11.3 million in cash for operations during the first quarter of fiscal 2007. This was
primarily due to an increase in our accounts receivable balance. Our accounts receivable balance at
the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2007 was $139.4 million, an increase of $32.3 million from
the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006.This increase was due to higher sales volume,
shipments made late in the first quarter, contractual acceptance terms for turnkey deployments
affecting the timing of invoicing and longer payment terms, primarily associated with our
international revenue.
At the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2007, $542.3 million in aggregate principal amount
remained outstanding on our 3.75% convertible notes. This remaining principal balance becomes due
and payable on February 1, 2008. See Note 11 to our financial statements for a discussion of our
convertible notes and Liquidity and Capital Resources below for a discussion of our cash and cash
equivalents, short-term investments and long-term investments at January 31, 2007.
As of January 31, 2007, headcount was 1,588 up from 1,485 at October 31, 2006 and 1,442 at
January 31, 2006.
25
Results of Operations
Three months ended January 31, 2006 compared to three months ended January 31, 2007
Revenue, cost of goods sold and gross profit
Cost of goods sold consists of component costs, direct compensation costs, warranty and other
contractual obligations, royalties, license fees, direct technical support costs, cost of excess
and obsolete inventory and overhead related to manufacturing, technical support and engineering,
furnishing and installation (EF&I) operations.
The table below (in thousands, except percentage data) sets forth the changes in revenue, cost
of goods sold and gross profit from first quarter of fiscal 2006 to first quarter of fiscal 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
|
%** |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Products |
|
$ |
105,941 |
|
|
|
88.0 |
|
|
$ |
146,282 |
|
|
|
88.6 |
|
|
$ |
40,341 |
|
|
|
38.1 |
|
Services |
|
|
14,489 |
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
|
|
18,819 |
|
|
|
11.4 |
|
|
|
4,330 |
|
|
|
29.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
|
120,430 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
165,101 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
44,671 |
|
|
|
37.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Products |
|
|
60,399 |
|
|
|
50.1 |
|
|
|
74,979 |
|
|
|
45.4 |
|
|
|
14,580 |
|
|
|
24.1 |
|
Services |
|
|
9,576 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
16,494 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
6,918 |
|
|
|
72.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of goods
sold |
|
|
69,975 |
|
|
|
58.1 |
|
|
|
91,473 |
|
|
|
55.4 |
|
|
|
21,498 |
|
|
|
30.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
$ |
50,455 |
|
|
|
41.9 |
|
|
$ |
73,628 |
|
|
|
44.6 |
|
|
$ |
23,173 |
|
|
|
45.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total revenue |
|
** |
|
Denotes % change from 2006 to 2007 |
The table below (in thousands, except percentage data) sets forth the changes in product
revenue, product cost of goods sold and product gross profit from the first quarter of fiscal 2006
to the first quarter of fiscal 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
|
%** |
|
Product
revenue |
|
$ |
105,941 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
146,282 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
40,341 |
|
|
|
38.1 |
|
Product cost of
goods sold |
|
|
60,399 |
|
|
|
57.0 |
|
|
|
74,979 |
|
|
|
51.3 |
|
|
|
14,580 |
|
|
|
24.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product gross
profit |
|
$ |
45,542 |
|
|
|
43.0 |
|
|
$ |
71,303 |
|
|
|
48.7 |
|
|
$ |
25,761 |
|
|
|
56.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of product revenue |
|
** |
|
Denotes % change from 2006 to 2007 |
The table below (in thousands, except percentage data) sets forth the changes in service
revenue, service cost of goods sold and service gross profit from the first quarter of fiscal 2006
to the first quarter of fiscal 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
|
%** |
|
Service
revenue |
|
$ |
14,489 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
18,819 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
4,330 |
|
|
|
29.9 |
|
Service cost of
goods sold |
|
|
9,576 |
|
|
|
66.1 |
|
|
|
16,494 |
|
|
|
87.6 |
|
|
|
6,918 |
|
|
|
72.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service gross
profit |
|
$ |
4,913 |
|
|
|
33.9 |
|
|
$ |
2,325 |
|
|
|
12.4 |
|
|
$ |
(2,588 |
) |
|
|
(52.7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of service revenue |
|
** |
|
Denotes % change from 2006 to 2007 |
26
Revenue from sales to customers outside of the United States is reflected as
International in the geographic distribution of revenue below. The table below (in thousands,
except percentage data) sets forth the changes in geographic distribution of revenues from the
first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
|
%** |
|
United
States |
|
$ |
102,670 |
|
|
|
85.3 |
|
|
$ |
119,603 |
|
|
|
72.4 |
|
|
$ |
16,933 |
|
|
|
16.5 |
|
International |
|
|
17,760 |
|
|
|
14.7 |
|
|
|
45,498 |
|
|
|
27.6 |
|
|
|
27,738 |
|
|
|
156.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
120,430 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
165,101 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
44,671 |
|
|
|
37.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total revenue |
|
** |
|
Denotes % change from 2006 to 2007 |
During the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007, certain
customers accounted for 10% or more of our revenues during the respective periods as follows (in
thousands, except percentage data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
Company A |
|
$ |
13,990 |
|
|
|
11.6 |
|
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
Company B |
|
|
23,494 |
|
|
|
19.5 |
|
|
|
18,846 |
|
|
|
11.4 |
|
Company C |
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30,992 |
|
|
|
18.8 |
|
Company D |
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31,956 |
|
|
|
19.3 |
|
Company E |
|
|
17,073 |
|
|
|
14.2 |
|
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
54,557 |
|
|
|
45.3 |
|
|
$ |
81,794 |
|
|
|
49.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
n/a |
|
Denotes revenue recognized less than 10% of total revenue for the period |
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total revenue |
Revenue
|
|
|
Product revenue increased from the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the first
quarter of fiscal 2007, primarily due to a $24.3 million increase in sales of our
CoreDirector® Multiservice Switch, a $23.9 million increase in sales of our CN 4200
FlexSelect Advanced Services Platform, a $13.2 million increase in revenue from core
transport products and a $3.3 million increase in sales of our network and service
management software. These increases were partially offset by decreases in revenue of $14.6
million associated with our CNX-5 Broadband DSL System and $6.1 million in metro transport
and switching products, exclusive of our CN 4200 product. |
|
|
|
|
Service revenue increased from the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the first
quarter of fiscal 2007, primarily due to a $3.5 million increase in deployment service
sales. |
|
|
|
|
United States revenue increased from the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the
first quarter of fiscal 2007, primarily due to a $24.2 million increase in sales of our
CoreDirector® Multiservice Switch and an $8.2 million increase in revenue from core
transport products, partially offset by a decrease of $14.6 million in revenue associated
with our CNX-5 Broadband DSL System. |
|
|
|
|
International revenue increased from the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the
first quarter of fiscal 2007, primarily due to a $19.9 million increase in sales of our CN
4200 FlexSelect Advanced Services Platform, a $5.0 million increase in revenue from core
transport products and a $3.0 million increase in deployment service revenue. |
Gross profit
|
|
|
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue increased from the first quarter of
fiscal 2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007, primarily due to increased product gross
margin, partially offset by a significant decrease in services gross margin during the
quarter. |
|
|
|
|
Gross profit on products as a percentage of product revenue increased from the
first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007, largely due to increased
product sales volume, sales of higher margin products and product cost improvements
resulting from our efforts to employ a global approach to sourcing product components and
manufacturing. |
|
|
|
|
Gross profit on services as a percentage of services revenue decreased
significantly from the first quarter of |
27
|
|
|
fiscal 2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007,
primarily due to increases in deployment overhead costs and lower deployment services
pricing for certain international network installations. A significant portion of our
revenue growth in recent quarters and anticipated growth in the near term is expected to
come from large network infrastructure projects. These projects typically involve
significant levels of turnkey installation. In order to meet customer requirements and
timing relating to these infrastructure builds, we are in the process of increasing our
internal resources related to certain service deployment activities. As a result of this
decision, we expect our fixed deployment overhead costs to increase, which may cause our
services gross margin to be lower than the levels achieved in fiscal 2006. |
Operating expenses
The table below (in thousands, except percentage data) sets forth the changes in operating
expenses from the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
%* |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
|
%** |
|
Research and development |
|
$ |
29,462 |
|
|
|
24.5 |
|
|
$ |
29,853 |
|
|
|
18.1 |
|
|
$ |
391 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
Selling and marketing |
|
|
26,572 |
|
|
|
22.1 |
|
|
|
24,875 |
|
|
|
15.1 |
|
|
|
(1,697 |
) |
|
|
(6.4 |
) |
General and administrative |
|
|
9,896 |
|
|
|
8.2 |
|
|
|
10,301 |
|
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
|
405 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
Amortization of intangible
assets |
|
|
6,295 |
|
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
6,295 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
Restructuring costs |
|
|
2,015 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
(466 |
) |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(2,481 |
) |
|
|
(123.1 |
) |
Long-lived asset impairment |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
(0.0 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(100.0 |
) |
Recovery of doubtful accounts, net |
|
|
(2,604 |
) |
|
|
(2.2 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(0.0 |
) |
|
|
2,594 |
|
|
|
(99.6 |
) |
Gain on lease settlement |
|
|
(6,020 |
) |
|
|
(5.0 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
6,020 |
|
|
|
(100.0 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
$ |
65,613 |
|
|
|
54.5 |
|
|
$ |
70,848 |
|
|
|
42.9 |
|
|
$ |
5,235 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total revenue |
|
** |
|
Denotes % change from 2006 to 2007 |
|
|
|
Research and development expense increased from the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to
the first quarter of fiscal 2007, primarily due to increases of $1.3 million in prototype
expense and $0.5 million in employee compensation expense, partially offset by decreases of
$0.8 million in depreciation expense, $0.4 million in consulting expense and $0.2 million
in facility and IT expense. |
|
|
|
|
Selling and marketing expense decreased from the first quarter of fiscal 2006
to the first quarter of fiscal 2007, primarily due to reductions of $1.0 million in
consulting expense, $0.6 million in depreciation costs, $0.4 million in demonstration
equipment costs, and $0.1 million in travel expense, partially offset by increases of $0.1
million in tradeshow activities and $0.2 million in facility expense. |
|
|
|
|
General and administrative expense increased from the first quarter of fiscal
2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007, primarily due to increases
of $1.4 million in
employee compensation expense and $0.2 million in travel expense, partially offset by
decreases of $0.7 million in legal expense and $0.5 million in consulting expense. |
|
|
|
|
Amortization of intangible assets costs was unchanged from the first quarter of
fiscal 2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007. |
|
|
|
|
Restructuring costs during the first quarter of fiscal 2007 relate to a charge
of $0.1 million related to other costs, in accordance SFAS 146, associated with a previous
workforce reduction, offset by a $0.5 million adjustment related to costs associated with
previously restructured facilities. Restructuring costs for the first quarter of 2006 were
related to a work force reduction of approximately 62 employees and the closure of a
facility located in Kanata, Ontario. |
|
|
|
|
Recovery of doubtful accounts, net for the first quarter of fiscal 2006 was
related to the payment of an amount due from a customer from whom payment was previously
deemed doubtful due to the customers financial condition. |
|
|
|
|
Gain on lease settlement for the first quarter of fiscal 2006 was related to
the termination of our obligations under the lease for our former Fremont, CA facility. |
Other items
The table below (in thousands, except percentage data) sets forth the changes in other items
from the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to the first quarter of fiscal 2007.
28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended January 31, |
|
Increase |
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
%* |
|
2007 |
|
%* |
|
(decrease) |
|
%** |
Interest and other income, net |
|
$ |
9,262 |
|
|
|
7.7 |
|
|
$ |
14,845 |
|
|
|
9.0 |
|
|
$ |
5,583 |
|
|
|
60.3 |
|
Interest expense |
|
$ |
6,053 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
$ |
6,148 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
$ |
95 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
Loss on equity investments |
|
$ |
(733 |
) |
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
733 |
|
|
|
(100.0 |
) |
Gain on extinguishment of debt |
|
$ |
6,690 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(6,690 |
) |
|
|
(100.0 |
) |
Provision for income taxes |
|
$ |
299 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
$ |
421 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
$ |
122 |
|
|
|
40.8 |
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Denotes % of total revenue |
|
** |
|
Denotes % change from 2006 to 2007 |
|
|
|
Interest and other income, net increased from the first quarter of fiscal 2006 to
the first quarter of fiscal 2007, due to higher interest rates and higher average cash and
investments balances primarily due to the proceeds of our April 10, 2006 issuance of 0.25%
Convertible Senior Notes due May 1, 2013. |
|
|
|
|
Interest expense increased slightly from the first quarter of 2006 to the first
quarter of 2007, primarily due to our April 10, 2006 issuance of 0.25% convertible notes,
in aggregate principal amount of $300.0 million, partially
offset by our repurchase of $106.5 million in aggregate principal amount of our outstanding
3.75% convertible notes in the first quarter of fiscal 2006. |
|
|
|
|
Loss on equity investments, net in the first quarter of fiscal 2006 was due to
a decline in the value of our investments in privately held technology companies that was
determined to be other than temporary. |
|
|
|
|
Gain on extinguishment of debt for the first quarter of fiscal 2006 resulted
from our repurchase of $106.5 million in aggregate principal on our outstanding 3.75%
convertible notes in open market transactions for $98.8 million. We recorded a gain on the
extinguishment of debt in the amount of $6.7 million, which consists of the $7.7 million
gain from the repurchase of the notes, less $1.0 million of associated debt issuance costs. |
|
|
|
|
Provision for income taxes for the first quarter of fiscal 2006 and the first
quarter of fiscal 2007 was primarily attributable to foreign tax related to Cienas foreign
operations. We will continue to maintain a valuation allowance against all net deferred
tax assets until sufficient evidence exists to support its reversal. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At January 31, 2007, our principal source of liquidity was cash and cash equivalents,
short-term investments and long-term investments. The following table summarizes our cash and cash
equivalents, short-term investments and long-term investments (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
Janaury 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
Cash and cash
equivalents |
|
$ |
220,164 |
|
|
$ |
374,079 |
|
|
$ |
153,915 |
|
Short-term
investments |
|
|
628,393 |
|
|
|
496,628 |
|
|
|
(131,765 |
) |
Long-term
investments |
|
|
351,407 |
|
|
|
314,377 |
|
|
|
(37,030 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cash, cash equivalents,
short-term and long-term
investments |
|
$ |
1,199,964 |
|
|
$ |
1,185,084 |
|
|
$ |
(14,880 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The decrease in total cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments during
the first quarter of fiscal 2007 was primarily related to the increase in our accounts receivable
balance, partially offset by our net income and the effect of non-cash items described in
Operating Activities below. Based on past performance and current expectations, we believe that
our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, long-term investments and cash generated
from operations will satisfy our working capital needs, capital expenditures and other liquidity
requirements associated with our existing operations through at least the next 12 months.
The following sections review the significant activities that had an impact on our cash during
the first three months of fiscal 2007.
Operating Activities
The following tables set forth (in thousands) significant components of our $11.3 million of
cash used in operating activities for the first three months of fiscal 2007.
29
Net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended |
|
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
Net income |
|
$ |
11,056 |
|
|
|
|
|
Our net income for the first three months of fiscal 2007 included the significant non-cash
items summarized in the following table (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of intangibles |
|
|
7,263 |
|
Share-based compensation costs |
|
|
3,289 |
|
Depreciation and amortization of equipment, furniture and
fixtures |
|
|
3,150 |
|
Provision for inventory excess and obsolescence |
|
|
4,763 |
|
Provision for warranty |
|
|
4,791 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total significant non-cash charges |
|
$ |
23,256 |
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts Receivable, Net
Cash consumed by accounts receivable, net increased by $32.2 million from the end of fiscal
2006 to January 31, 2007. Our accounts receivable balance increased due to higher sales volume,
shipments made late in the first quarter, contractual acceptance terms for turnkey deployments
affecting the timing of invoicing and longer payment terms, primarily associated with our
international revenue. The increase in our accounts receivable caused our days sales outstanding
(DSO) to increase from 68 days for fiscal 2006 to 76 days for the first three months of fiscal
2007. We expect that our accounts receivable, net may fluctuate from quarter to quarter, but
generally will increase during the remainder of fiscal 2007, as a result of our expected increase
in sales volume and longer customer payment terms.
The following table sets forth (in thousands) changes to our accounts receivable, net of
allowance for doubtful accounts, balance from the end of fiscal 2006 through the first three months
of fiscal 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
Accounts receivable,
net |
|
$ |
107,172 |
|
|
$ |
139,422 |
|
|
$ |
32,250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory,
Net
Excluding the non-cash effect of a $4.8 million provision for excess and obsolescence, cash
consumed by inventory for the first three months of fiscal 2007 was $2.2 million. Cienas inventory
turns increased from 2.5 for fiscal 2006 to 2.9 for the first quarter of fiscal 2007. The following
table sets forth (in thousands) changes to the components of our inventory from the end of fiscal
2006 through the first three months of fiscal 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
Raw
materials |
|
$ |
29,627 |
|
|
$ |
29,622 |
|
|
$ |
(5 |
) |
Work-in-process |
|
|
9,156 |
|
|
|
7,795 |
|
|
|
(1,361 |
) |
Finished
goods |
|
|
89,628 |
|
|
|
89,350 |
|
|
|
(278 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
inventory |
|
|
128,411 |
|
|
|
126,767 |
|
|
|
(1,644 |
) |
Provision for inventory
excess and
obsolescence |
|
|
(22,326 |
) |
|
|
(23,219 |
) |
|
|
(893 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory,
net |
|
$ |
106,085 |
|
|
$ |
103,548 |
|
|
$ |
(2,537 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restructuring and unfavorable lease commitments
During the first three months
of fiscal 2007, we paid $3.0 million on leases related to
restructured facilities and $2.9 million on leases associated with unfavorable lease commitments.
The following table reflects (in thousands) the balance of liabilities for our restructured
facilities and unfavorable lease commitments and the change in these balances from the end of
fiscal 2006 through the first three months of fiscal 2007.
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
Restructuring
liabilities |
|
$ |
8,914 |
|
|
$ |
7,621 |
|
|
$ |
(1,293 |
) |
Unfavorable lease
commitments |
|
|
8,512 |
|
|
|
7,614 |
|
|
|
(898 |
) |
Long-term restructuring
liabilities |
|
|
26,720 |
|
|
|
24,579 |
|
|
|
(2,141 |
) |
Long-term unfavorable lease
commitments |
|
|
32,785 |
|
|
|
30,691 |
|
|
|
(2,094 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total restructuring
liabilites and unfavorable
lease commitments |
|
$ |
76,931 |
|
|
$ |
70,505 |
|
|
$ |
(6,426 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest Payable on Cienas Convertible Notes
Interest on Cienas outstanding 3.75% convertible notes, due February 1, 2008, is payable on
February 1 and August 1 of each year. Ciena did not make an interest payment on the 3.75%
convertible notes during the first three months of fiscal 2007.
Interest on Cienas outstanding 0.25% convertible senior notes, due May 1, 2013, is payable on
May 1 and November 1 of each year, commencing on November 1, 2006. Ciena paid $0.4 million on the
0.25% convertible notes during the first three months of fiscal 2007.
The following table reflects (in thousands) the balance of interest payable and the change in
this balance from the end of fiscal 2006 through the first three months of fiscal 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, |
|
|
January 31, |
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
(decrease) |
|
Accrued interest
payable |
|
$ |
5,502 |
|
|
$ |
10,355 |
|
|
$ |
4,853 |
|
Financing Activities
Cash provided by financing activities during the first three months of fiscal 2007 was related
to the exercise of employee stock options for $2.8 million.
Contractual Obligations
The following is a summary of our future minimum payments under contractual obligations as of
January 31, 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than one |
|
|
One to three |
|
|
Three to five |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
year |
|
|
years |
|
|
years |
|
|
Thereafter |
|
Convertible notes
(1) |
|
$ |
877,639 |
|
|
$ |
21,085 |
|
|
$ |
553,929 |
|
|
$ |
1,500 |
|
|
$ |
301,125 |
|
Operating
leases |
|
|
120,938 |
|
|
|
25,607 |
|
|
|
45,837 |
|
|
|
31,244 |
|
|
|
18,250 |
|
Purchase obligations
(2) |
|
|
126,565 |
|
|
|
126,565 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,125,142 |
|
|
$ |
173,257 |
|
|
$ |
599,766 |
|
|
$ |
32,744 |
|
|
$ |
319,375 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The $542.3 million in outstanding principal balance on our 3.75% convertible notes becomes due and payable on February 1, 2008. |
|
(2) |
|
Purchase obligations relate to amounts we are obligated to pay to our contract manufacturers and component suppliers for inventory. |
Some of our commercial commitments, including some of the future minimum payments set
forth above, are secured by standby letters of credit. The following is a summary of our commercial
commitments secured by standby letters of credit by commitment expiration date as of January 31,
2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than one |
|
|
One to three |
|
|
Three to five |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
year |
|
|
years |
|
|
years |
|
|
Thereafter |
|
Standby letters of
credit |
|
$ |
9,222 |
|
|
$ |
9,122 |
|
|
$ |
100 |
|
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Ciena does not engage in any off-balance sheet financing arrangements. In particular, we do
not have any interest in so-called limited purpose entities, which include special purpose entities
(SPEs) and structured finance entities.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires Ciena to make estimates and
judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and
related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we reevaluate our
estimates, including those related to bad debts, inventories, investments, intangible assets,
goodwill, income taxes, warranty obligations, restructuring, and contingencies and litigation.
Ciena bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe
to be reasonable under the circumstances. Among other things, these estimates form the basis for
judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from
other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or
conditions.
Revenue Recognition
Ciena recognizes revenue in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue
Recognition, which states that revenue is realized or realizable and earned when all of the
following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or
services have been rendered; the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectibility is
reasonably assured. In instances where final acceptance of the product, system, or solution is
specified
by the customer, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met. Revenue for
maintenance services is generally deferred and recognized ratably over the period during which the
services are to be performed.
Some of our communications networking equipment is integrated with software that is essential
to the functionality of the equipment. We provide unspecified software upgrades and enhancements
related to the equipment through our maintenance contracts for these products. Accordingly, we
account for revenue in accordance with Statement of Position No. 97-2, Software Revenue
Recognition, and all related interpretations. Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an
arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is
reasonably assured. In instances where final acceptance of the product is specified by the
customer, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met. Customer purchase
agreements and customer purchase orders are generally used to determine the existence of an
arrangement. Shipping documents and customer acceptance, when applicable, are used to verify
delivery. We assess whether the fee is fixed or determinable based on the payment terms associated
with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment. We assess
collectibility based primarily on the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by credit
checks and analysis, as well as the customers payment history. When a sale involves multiple
elements, such as sales of products that include services, the entire fee from the arrangement is
allocated to each respective element based on its relative fair value and recognized when revenue
recognition criteria for each element are met. The amount of product and service revenue recognized
is affected by our judgments as to whether an arrangement includes multiple elements and, if so,
whether vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value exists. Changes to the elements in an
arrangement and our ability to establish vendor-specific objective evidence for those elements
could affect the timing of revenue recognition. Our total deferred revenue for products was $4.3
million and $3.4 million as of October 31, 2006 and January 31, 2007, respectively. Our service
revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the period during which the services are to be
performed. Our total deferred revenue for services was $36.4 million and $39.5 million as of
October 31, 2006 and January 31, 2007, respectively.
Share-Based Compensation
On November 1, 2005, Ciena adopted SFAS 123(R), Shared-Based Payment, which requires the
measurement and recognition of compensation expense, based on estimated fair values, for all
share-based awards, made to employees and directors, including stock options, restricted stock,
restricted stock units and participation in Cienas employee stock purchase plan. Share-based
compensation expense recognized in Cienas consolidated statement of operations includes
compensation expense for share-based awards granted (i) prior to, but not yet vested as of October
31, 2005, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS
123, and (ii) subsequent to October 31, 2005, based on the grant date fair value estimated in
accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R).
We estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing
model. This option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the
options expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The expected life of
employee stock options represents the weighted-average period the stock options are expected to
remain outstanding. Because Ciena considers its options to be plain vanilla we calculate the
expected term
32
using the simplified method as prescribed in Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 107.
Under SAB 107, options are considered to be plain vanilla if they have the following basic
characteristics: granted at-the-money; exerciseability is conditioned upon service through the
vesting date; termination of service prior to vesting results in forfeiture; limited exercise
period following termination of service; and options are non-transferable and non-hedgeable. The
expected stock price volatility was determined using a combination of historical and implied
volatility of Cienas common stock. The fair value is then amortized ratably over the requisite
service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. Because share-based
compensation expense is based on awards that are ultimately expected to vest,
the amount of expense takes into account estimated forfeitures. SFAS 123(R) requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time
of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those
estimates. Changes in these inputs and assumptions can materially affect the measure of estimated
fair value of our share-based compensation.
See Note 14 for information regarding Cienas treatment of share based compensation.
Reserve for Inventory Obsolescence
Ciena writes down inventory that has become obsolete or unmarketable by an amount equal to the
difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based on assumptions about
future demand and market conditions. During the first three months of fiscal 2007, we recorded a
charge of $4.8 million primarily related to excess inventory due to a change in forecasted sales
for certain products. In an effort to limit our exposure to delivery delays and to satisfy customer
needs for shorter delivery terms, we have transitioned certain manufacturing operations from the
build-to-order model we have used in recent years, to a build-to-forecast model across our product
lines. This change in our inventory purchases
exposes us to the risk that our customers will not order those products for which we have
forecasted sales, or will purchase less than we have forecasted. If actual market conditions differ
from those we have assumed, we may be required to take additional inventory write-downs or
benefits.
Restructuring
As part of its restructuring costs, Ciena provides for the estimated cost of the net lease
expense for facilities that are no longer being used. The provision is equal to the fair value of
the minimum future lease payments under our contracted lease obligations, offset by the fair value
of the estimated sublease payments that we may receive. As of January 31, 2007, Cienas accrued
restructuring liability related to net lease expense and other related charges was $32.2 million.
The total minimum lease payments for these restructured facilities
are $40.0 million. These lease
payments will be made over the remaining lives of our leases, which range from four month to twelve
years. If actual market conditions are different than those we have projected, we are required to
recognize additional restructuring costs or benefits associated with these facilities. During
fiscal 2006, we recognized net adjustments resulting in restructuring costs of $9.2 million,
which included a $10.0 million adjustment during the third quarter of fiscal 2006 relating to our
unused San Jose, CA facilities. Activity during fiscal 2007 is
insignificant.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Cienas allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment, on a specific
identification basis, of the collectibility of customer accounts. Ciena performs ongoing credit
evaluations of its customers and generally has not required collateral or other forms of security
from its customers. In determining the appropriate balance for Cienas allowance for doubtful
accounts, management considers each individual customer account receivable in order to determine
collectibility. In doing so, management considers creditworthiness, payment history, account
activity and communication with such customer. If a customers financial condition changes, Ciena
may be required to take a charge for an allowance for doubtful accounts.
Goodwill
At January 31, 2007, Cienas consolidated balance sheet included $232.0 million in goodwill.
In accordance with SFAS 142, Ciena tests its goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, which
Ciena has determined to be the last business day of fiscal September each year, and between annual
tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would, more likely than not, reduce the fair
value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. If actual market conditions differ or
forecasts change at the time of our annual assessment in fiscal 2007 or in periods prior to our
annual assessment, we may be required to record additional goodwill impairment charges.
Intangible Assets
As of January 31, 2007, Cienas consolidated balance sheet included $84.0 million in other
intangible assets, net. We account for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets such as
equipment, furniture, fixtures, and other intangible assets
33
in accordance with the provisions of
SFAS 144. In accordance with SFAS 144, Ciena tests each intangible asset for impairment whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets carrying amount may not be
recoverable. If actual market conditions differ or forecasts change, we may be required to record
additional impairment charges in future periods.
Investments
As of January 31, 2007 Cienas marketable debt investments had unrealized losses of $1.0
million. The gross unrealized losses, related to marketable debt investments, were primarily due to
changes in interest rates. Cienas management has determined that the gross unrealized losses on
its marketable debt investments at January 31, 2007 are temporary in nature because Ciena has the
ability and intent to hold these investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity.
As of January 31, 2007, Cienas minority investments in privately held technology companies
were $6.5 million. These investments are generally carried at cost because Ciena owns less than 20%
of the voting equity and does not have the ability to exercise significant influence over any of
these companies. These investments are inherently high risk as the market for technologies or
products manufactured by these companies are usually early stage at the time of the investment by
Ciena and such markets may never materialize or become significant. Ciena could lose its entire
investment in some or all of these companies. Ciena monitors these investments for impairment and
makes appropriate reductions in carrying values when necessary. If market conditions, expected
financial performance or the competitive position of the companies in
which we invest deteriorate, Ciena may be required to record an additional charge in future
periods.
Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance
As of January 31, 2007, Ciena has recorded a valuation allowance of $1.2 billion against our
net deferred tax assets of $1.2 billion. We calculated the valuation allowance in accordance with
the provisions of SFAS 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, which requires an assessment of both
positive and negative evidence when measuring the need for a valuation allowance. Evidence such as
operating results during the most recent three-year period is given more weight than forecasted
results, due to our current lack of visibility and the degree of uncertainty that we will achieve
the level of future profitability needed to record the deferred assets. Our cumulative loss in the
most recent three-year period represents sufficient negative evidence to require a valuation
allowance under the provisions of SFAS 109. We intend to maintain a valuation allowance until
sufficient positive evidence exists to support its reversal.
Warranty
The liability for product warranties, included in other accrued liabilities, was $33.6 million
as of January 31, 2007. Our products are generally covered by a warranty for periods ranging from
one to five years. Ciena accrues for warranty costs as part of our cost of sales based on
associated material costs, technical support labor costs, and associated overhead. Material cost is
estimated based primarily upon historical trends in the volume of product returns within the
warranty period and the cost to repair or replace the equipment. Technical support labor cost is
estimated based primarily upon historical trends and the cost to support the customer cases within
the warranty period.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The following discussion about Cienas market risk disclosures involves forward-looking
statements. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking
statements. Ciena is exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates and foreign
currency exchange rates. Ciena does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or
trading purposes.
Interest Rate Sensitivity. Ciena maintains a short-term and long-term investment portfolio.
See Note 4 to the financial statements for information relating to fair value. These
available-for-sale securities are subject to interest rate risk and will fall in value if market
interest rates increase. If market interest rates were to increase immediately and uniformly by 10%
from levels at January 31, 2007, the fair value of the portfolio would decline by approximately
$60.2 million.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk. As a global concern, Ciena faces exposure to adverse movements
in foreign currency exchange rates. These exposures may change over time as business practices
evolve and if our exposure increases, adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates could
have a material adverse impact on Cienas financial results. Historically, Cienas primary
exposures have been related to non-dollar denominated operating expenses in Europe and Asia where
Ciena sells primarily in U.S. dollars. Ciena is prepared to hedge against fluctuations in foreign
currency if this exposure becomes material. As of January 31, 2007, the assets and liabilities of
Ciena related to non-dollar denominated
34
currencies were not material. Therefore, we do not expect
an increase or decrease of 10% in the foreign exchange rate would have a material impact on Cienas
financial position.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, Ciena carried out an evaluation under the
supervision and with the participation of Cienas management, including Cienas Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of Cienas disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). Based upon
this evaluation, Cienas Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Cienas
disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this
report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in Cienas internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) during the most
recently completed fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to
materially affect, Cienas internal control over financial reporting.
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
On October 3, 2000, Stanford University and Litton Systems filed a complaint in the United
States District Court for the Central District of California against Ciena and several other
defendants, alleging that optical fiber amplifiers incorporated into certain of those parties
products infringe U.S. Patent No. 4,859,016 (the 016 Patent). The complaint seeks injunctive
relief, royalties and damages. On October 10, 2003, the court stayed the case pending final
resolution of matters before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (the PTO), including a request
for and disposition of a reexamination of the 016 Patent. On October 16, 2003 and November 2,
2004, the PTO granted reexaminations of the 016 Patent, resulting in a continuation of the stay of
the case. On September 11, 2006, the PTO issued a Notice of Intent to Issue a Reexamination
Certificate and Statement of Reasons for Patentability/Confirmation, stating its intent to confirm
certain claims of the 016 Patent. Thereafter, on September 19, 2006, Litton Systems filed a status
report in which it requested that the district court lift the stay of the case, which request was
denied by the district court on October 13, 2006. We believe that we have valid defenses to the
lawsuit and intend to defend it vigorously in the event the stay of the case is lifted.
As a result of our merger with ONI Systems Corp. in June 2002, we became a defendant in a
securities class action lawsuit. Beginning in August 2001, a number of substantially identical
class action complaints alleging violations of the federal securities laws were filed in the United
States District Court for the Southern District of New York. These complaints name ONI, Hugh C.
Martin, ONIs former chairman, president and chief executive officer; Chris A. Davis, ONIs former
executive vice president, chief financial officer and administrative officer; and certain
underwriters of ONIs initial public offering as defendants. The complaints were consolidated into
a single action, and a consolidated amended complaint was filed on April 24, 2002. The amended
complaint alleges, among other things, that the underwriter defendants violated the securities laws
by failing to disclose alleged compensation arrangements (such as undisclosed commissions or stock
stabilization practices) in the initial public offerings registration statement and by engaging in
manipulative practices to artificially inflate the price of ONIs common stock after the initial
public offering. The amended complaint also alleges that ONI and the named former officers violated
the securities laws on the basis of an alleged failure to disclose the underwriters alleged
compensation arrangements and manipulative practices. No specific amount of damages has been
claimed. Similar complaints have been filed against more than 300 other issuers that have had
initial public offerings since 1998, and all of these actions have been included in a single
coordinated proceeding. Mr. Martin and Ms. Davis have been dismissed from the action without
prejudice pursuant to a tolling agreement. In July 2004, following mediated settlement
negotiations, the plaintiffs, the issuer defendants (including Ciena), and their insurers entered
into a settlement agreement, whereby, if approved, the plaintiffs cases against the issuers would
be dismissed, the insurers would agree to guarantee a recovery by the plaintiffs from the
underwriter defendants of at least $1 billion, and the issuer defendants would agree to assign or
surrender to the plaintiffs certain claims the issuers may have against the underwriters. The
settlement agreement does not require Ciena to pay any amount toward the settlement or to make any
other payments. In October 2004, the district court certified a class with respect to the Section
10(b) claims in six focus cases selected out of all of the consolidated cases, which cases did
not include Ciena, and which decision was appealed by the underwriter defendants to the U.S. Court
of Appeals for the Second Circuit. On February 15, 2005, the district court granted the motion
filed by the plaintiffs and issuer defendants for preliminary approval of the settlement agreement,
subject to certain modifications to the proposed bar order, and directed the parties to submit a
revised settlement agreement reflecting its opinion. On August 31, 2005, the district court issued
a preliminary order approving the revised stipulated settlement agreement, and approving and
setting dates for notice
35
of the settlement to all class members. A fairness hearing was held on
April 24, 2006, at which time the court took the matter under advisement. If the court determines
that the settlement is fair to the class members, the settlement will be approved. On December 5,
2006, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit vacated the district courts grant of class
certification in the six focus cases. Because the settlement agreement involves certification of a
settlement class as part of the approval process, the impact of the Second Circuits decision on
the settlement remains unclear.
In addition to the matters described above, we are subject to various legal proceedings,
claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these
matters is currently not determinable, we do not expect that the ultimate costs to resolve these
matters will have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
36
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the other
information contained in this report, you should consider the following risk factors before
investing in our securities.
We face intense competition that could hurt our sales and our ability to maintain profitability.
The markets in which we compete for sales of networking equipment, software and services are
extremely competitive, particularly the market for sales to telecommunications service providers.
Competition in these markets is based on any one or a combination of the following factors: price,
functionality, manufacturing capability, installation, services, existing business and customer
relationships, scalability and the ability of products and services to meet the immediate and
future network requirements of customers. A small number of very large companies have historically
dominated the communications networking equipment industry. Many of our competitors have
substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources, greater manufacturing capacity
and better established relationships with telecommunications carriers and other potential customers
than we do. Recent consolidation activity among large networking equipment providers has the effect
of causing our competitors to grow even larger and more powerful, and it may magnify their
strategic advantages. On November 30, 2006, Alcatel completed its acquisition of Lucent. In June
2006, Nokia and Siemens agreed to combine their communications service provider businesses to
create a new joint venture, and in January 2006, Ericsson completed its acquisition of certain key
assets of Marconi Corporation plcs telecommunications business. These mergers may adversely affect
our competitive position. We also compete with low-cost producers that can influence pricing
pressure and a number of smaller companies that provide significant competition for a specific
product, customer segment or geographic market. These competitors often base their products on the
latest available technologies. Due to the narrower focus of their efforts, these competitors may
achieve commercial availability of their products more quickly and may be more attractive to
customers.
Increased competition in our markets has resulted in aggressive business tactics, including:
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intense price competition, particularly from competitors in Asia; |
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early announcements of competing products and extensive marketing efforts; |
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one-stop shopping options; |
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competitors offering to repurchase our equipment from existing customers; |
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customer financing assistance; |
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marketing and advertising assistance; |
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competitors offering equity ownership positions to customers; and |
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intellectual property assertions and disputes. |
The tactics described above can be particularly effective in an increasingly concentrated base
of potential customers such as telecommunications service providers. Our inability to compete
successfully in our markets would harm our sales and our ability to maintain profitability.
Our revenue and operating results can fluctuate unpredictably from quarter to quarter.
Our revenue can fluctuate unpredictably from quarter to quarter. Fluctuations in our revenue
can lead to even greater fluctuations in our operating results. Our budgeted expense levels depend
in part on our expectations of future revenue. Any substantial adjustment to expenses to account
for lower levels of revenue is difficult and takes time. Consequently, if our revenue declines, our
levels of inventory, operating expense and general overhead would be high relative to revenue,
resulting in additional operating losses.
Other factors contribute to fluctuations in our revenue and operating results, including:
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the level of demand for our products and the timing and size of customer orders,
particularly from telecommunications service provider customers; |
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satisfaction of contractual customer acceptance criteria and related revenue recognition requirements; |
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delays, changes to or cancellation of orders from customers; |
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the availability of an adequate supply of components and sufficient manufacturing capacity; |
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the introduction of new products by us or our competitors; |
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the effects of consolidation of our customers, including our exposure to any changes in network strategy or reductions in
capital expenditures for network infrastructure equipment; |
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readiness of customer sites for installation; and |
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changes in general economic conditions as well as those specific to our market segments. |
Many of these factors are beyond our control, particularly in the case of large carrier orders
and multi-vendor or multi-technology network infrastructure builds where the achievement of certain
performance thresholds for acceptance is subject to the readiness and performance of the customer
or other providers and changes in customer requirements or installation plans. Any one or a
combination of the factors above may cause our revenue and operating results to fluctuate from
quarter to quarter. As a consequence, our revenue and operating results for a particular quarter
may be difficult to predict and our prior results are not necessarily indicative of results likely
in future periods.
Our gross margin may fluctuate from quarter to quarter and may be adversely affected by a number of
factors, some of which are beyond our control.
Our gross margin fluctuates from quarter to quarter and may be adversely affected by numerous
factors, including:
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increased price competition; |
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customer and product mix in any period; |
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sales volume during the period; |
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charges for excess or obsolete inventory; |
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changes in the price or availability of components for our products; |
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our ability to continue to reduce product manufacturing costs; |
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introduction of new products, with initial sales at relatively small volumes with resulting higher production costs; |
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the effect of our services gross margin, which may decrease due to higher fixed costs related to the expansion of
our internal resources for certain service deployment activities; and |
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increased warranty or repair costs. |
The factors discussed above regarding fluctuations in revenue and operating results can also
affect our gross margin. Fluctuations in gross margin may make it difficult to maintain
profitability. As a consequence, our gross margin for a particular quarter may be difficult to
predict and our prior results are not necessarily indicative of results likely in future periods.
A small number of telecommunication service provider customers accounted for a significant portion
of our revenue in fiscal 2006. The loss of one or more of these customers, reductions in spending
or changes affecting the market for telecommunications service providers generally, could
negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
During fiscal 2006, Sprint, Verizon and AT&T accounted for 40.2% of our revenue in the
aggregate. Our concentration of revenue increased during fiscal 2006 largely due to the effect of
mergers among some of our significant customers. The telecommunications industry has experienced
substantial consolidation recently, including the merger of Verizon and MCI, and the combination of
SBC, AT&T and BellSouth, all of which have been significant customers during prior periods.
These mergers have the effect of further reducing the number of potential communications
service provider customers seeking to purchase networking equipment from vendors and may reduce the
number of large network infrastructure builds. These mergers will also result in increased
concentration of customer purchasing power. If consolidation among
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telecommunications carriers
continues to increase, we may be subject to additional concentration of revenue, pricing pressure
and quarterly fluctuation in revenue. Moreover, these mergers may result in delays in, or the
curtailment of network investments, or changes in network strategy that could adversely affect our
sales. In addition, because a significant majority of our revenue remains concentrated among
telecommunications service providers, our business could be exposed to risks associated with a
market-wide change in business prospects, competitive pressures or other conditions affecting
telecommunications carriers. The telecommunications industry has undergone significant changes in
recent years and service providers have experienced increased competition. These pressures are
likely to cause telecommunications service providers to seek to minimize the costs of the equipment
that they buy and may cause static or reduced capital expenditures. The loss of one or more large
customers, a significant reduction in spending by such customers, or a change negatively affecting
the business prospects of the telecommunications industry, could have a material adverse affect on
our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Network equipment sales to large communications service providers often involve lengthy sales
cycles and protracted contract negotiations and may require us to assume terms or conditions that
negatively affect our pricing, payment and timing of revenue recognition.
In recent years we have sought to add large communication service providers as customers for
our products, software and services. Our future success will depend on our ability to maintain and
expand our sales to these existing customers and add new customers. Sales to large communications
service providers typically involve lengthy sales cycles, protracted or difficult contract
negotiations, and extensive product testing and network certification. We are sometimes required to
assume terms or conditions that negatively affect pricing, payment and the timing of revenue
recognition in order to consummate a sale. This may negatively affect the timing of revenue
recognition, which would, in turn, negatively affect our revenue and results of operations.
Communications service providers may ultimately insist upon terms and conditions that we deem too
onerous or not in our best interest. Moreover, our customers are typically not contractually
obligated to purchase a certain amount of products or services from us and often have the right to
reduce, delay or even cancel previous orders. As a result, we may incur substantial expenses and
devote time and resources to potential relationships that never materialize or result in lower than
anticipated sales.
We may invest development resources in products or technologies for which market demand is lower
than anticipated.
The market for communications networking equipment is characterized by rapidly evolving
technologies and changes in market demand. To succeed in this market, we must continue to invest in
research and development to enhance our existing products and create new ones. There is often a
lengthy period between commencing a development initiative and bringing the new or revised product
to market, and during this time technology or the market may move in directions we did not
anticipate. There is a significant probability, therefore, that at least some of our development
decisions will not turn out as anticipated, and that our investment in a project will be
unprofitable. Changes in the market may also cause us to discontinue previously planned investments
in products, which can have a disruptive effect on relationships with customers that were
anticipating the availability of a new product or feature. Product development investment decisions
are difficult and there is no assurance that we will be successful. If we fail to make prudent
research and development investments, our competitive position may suffer and the growth of our
business and revenues could be harmed.
Product performance problems could damage our business reputation and negatively affect our results
of operations.
The development and production of new products, and enhancements to existing products, are
complicated and often involve problems with software, components and manufacturing methods. Due to
the complexity of these products, some of them can be fully tested only when deployed in
communications networks or with other equipment. We have introduced new or upgraded products
recently and expect to continue to enhance and extend our product portfolio. Product performance
problems are often more acute for initial deployments of new products and product enhancements.
Modifying our products to enable customers to integrate them into a new type of network
architecture entails similar risks. If significant reliability, quality, or network monitoring
problems develop as a result of our product development, manufacturing or integration, a number of
negative effects on our business could result, including:
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increased costs associated with addressing software or hardware
defects, including service and warranty expenses; |
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payment of liquidated damages for performance failures or delays; |
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high inventory obsolescence expense; |
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delays in collecting accounts receivable;
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cancellation or reduction in orders from customers; and |
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damage to our reputation or legal actions by customers or end users. |
Because we outsource manufacturing to contract manufacturers and use a direct order
fulfillment model for certain of our products, we may be subject to product performance problems
resulting from the acts or omissions of these third parties. These product performance problems
could damage our business reputation and negatively affect our business and results of operations.
We may be required to write off significant amounts of inventory as a
result of our inventory purchase practices and supplier transitions.
In recent years, we have placed the majority of our orders to manufacture components or
complete assemblies for many of our products only when we have firm orders from our customers.
Because this practice can result in delays in the delivery of products to customers and place us at
a competitive disadvantage, we now order equipment and components from our contract manufacturers
and suppliers based on forecasts of customer demand across all of our products. We believe this
change is necessary in response to increased customer insistence upon shortened delivery terms.
This change in our inventory purchases exposes us to the risk that our customers will not order
those products for which we have forecasted sales, or will purchase fewer than the number of
products we have forecasted. Our purchase agreements generally do not require that a customer
guarantee any minimum purchase level and customers often may modify, reduce or cancel purchase
quantities. As a result we may purchase inventory based on forecasted sales and in anticipation of
purchases that never come to fruition. In such cases, we may be required to write off inventory. In
addition, we may be exposed to write offs due to significant inventory purchases deemed necessary
in connection with the transition from one supplier to another, or resulting from a suppliers
decision to discontinue the manufacture of certain components necessary for our products. We may
also be required to write off inventory as a result of the effect of environmental regulations such
as the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances (RoHS), adopted by the European
Union. As a result of previous component purchases that we based on forecasted sales, we currently
hold inventory that includes non-compliant components. If we are unable to locate alternate demand
for these non-compliant components outside of the European Union, we may be required to write off
or write down this inventory. If we are required to write off, or write down inventory, it may
result in an accounting charge that could materially affect our results of operations for the
quarter in which such charge occurs.
Continued shortages in component supply or manufacturing capacity could increase our costs,
adversely affect our results of operations and constrain our ability to grow our business.
As we have expanded our product portfolio, increased our use of contract manufacturers and
increased our product sales in recent years, manufacturing capacity and supply constraints related
to components and subsystems have become increasingly significant issues for us. We have
encountered and continue to experience component shortages that have affected our operations and
ability to deliver products to customers in a timely manner. Growth in customer demand for the
communications networking products supplied by us, our competitors and other third parties, has
resulted in supply constraints among providers of some components used in our products. In
addition, environmental regulations, such as RoHS adopted by the European Union, have resulted in
increased demand for compliant components from suppliers. As a result, we may experience delays or
difficulty obtaining compliant components from suppliers. Component shortages and manufacturing
capacity constraints may also arise, or be exacerbated by difficulties with our suppliers or
contract manufacturers, or our failure to adequately forecast our component or manufacturing needs.
If shortages or delays persist or worsen, the price of required components may increase, or the
components may not be available at all. If we are unable to secure the components or subsystems
that we require at reasonable prices, or are unable to secure manufacturing capacity adequate to
meet our needs, we may experience delivery delays and may be unable to satisfy our contractual
obligations to customers. These delays may cause us to incur liquidated damages to customers and
negatively affect our revenue and gross margin. Shortages in component supply or manufacturing
capacity could also limit our opportunities to pursue additional growth or revenue opportunities
and could harm our business reputation and customer relationships.
We may not be successful in selling our products into new markets and developing and managing new
sales channels.
We continue to take steps to sell our expanded product portfolio into new geographic markets
and to a broader customer base, including enterprises, cable operators, wireless operators and
federal, state and local governments. We have less experience in these markets and believe, in
order to succeed in these markets, we must develop and manage new sales channels and distribution
arrangements. We expect these relationships to be an increasingly important part of the growth of
our business and our efforts to increase revenue. Because we have only limited experience in
developing and managing such channels, we may not be successful in reaching additional customer
segments, expanding into new geographic regions, or reducing the financial risks of entering new
markets and pursuing new customer segments. We may expend time, money and other resources on
channel relationships that are ultimately unsuccessful. In addition, sales to federal, state and
local governments require compliance with complex procurement regulations with which we have little
experience. We may be
40
unable to increase our sales to government contractors if we determine that
we cannot comply with applicable regulations. Our failure to comply with regulations for existing
contracts could result in civil, criminal or administrative proceedings involving fines and
suspension or debarment from federal government contracts. Failure to manage additional sales
channels effectively would limit our ability to succeed in these new markets and could adversely
affect our ability to grow our customer base and revenue.
We may experience delays in the development and enhancement of our products that may negatively
affect our competitive position and business.
Because our products are based on complex technology, we can experience unanticipated delays
in developing, improving, manufacturing or deploying them. Each step in the development life cycle
of our products presents serious risks of failure, rework or delay, any one of which could decrease
the timing and cost-effective development of such product and could affect customer acceptance of
the product. Unexpected intellectual property disputes, failure of critical design elements, and a
host of other execution risks may delay or even prevent the introduction of these products. Our
development efforts may also be affected, particularly in the near term, by our decision to
restructure development functions around technology sets rather than product lines or
location-specific development and the expansion of research and development activity at our
facility in India. Modification of research and development strategies and changes in allocation of
resources could be disruptive to our development efforts. If we do not develop and successfully
introduce products in a timely manner, our competitive position may suffer and our business,
financial condition and results of operations would be harmed.
We must manage our relationships with contract manufacturers to ensure that our product
requirements are met timely and effectively.
We rely on contract manufacturers to perform the majority of the manufacturing operations for
our products and components and we are increasingly utilizing overseas suppliers, particularly in
Asia. The qualification of our contract manufacturers is a costly and time-consuming process, and
these manufacturers build product for other companies, including our competitors. We are constantly
reviewing our manufacturing capability, including the work of our contract manufacturers to ensure
that our production requirements are met in terms of cost, capacity, quality and reliability. From
time to time, we may decide to transfer the manufacturing of a product from one contract
manufacturer to another, to better meet our production needs. Efforts to transfer to a new contract
manufacturer or consolidate our use of suppliers may result in temporary increases in inventory
volumes purchased in order to ensure continued supply. It is possible that we may not effectively
manage these contract manufacturer transitions. Moreover, new contract manufacturers may not
perform as well as expected. As a result, we experience risks associated with lead times, on time
delivery and quality assurance that could harm our business. In addition, we do not have contracts
in place with some of these providers and do not have guaranteed supply of components or
manufacturing capacity. Our inability to effectively manage our relationships with our contract
manufacturers, particularly overseas, could negatively affect our business and results of
operations.
We
depend on sole and limited source suppliers for our product components and the loss of a source or lack
of availability of key components could increase our costs and harm our customer relationships.
We depend on a limited number of suppliers for our product components and subsystems, as well
as for equipment used to manufacture and test our products. Our products include several components
for which reliable, high-volume suppliers are particularly limited. Some key optical and electronic
components we use in our products are currently available only from sole or limited sources. As a
result of this concentration in our supply chain, particularly for optical components, our business
and operations would be negatively affected if our suppliers were to experience any significant
disruption affecting the price, quality, availability or timely delivery of components.
Concentration in our supply chain can exacerbate our exposure to risks associated with vendors
discontinuing the manufacture of certain components for our products. The loss of a source, or lack
of availability, of key components could require us to redesign products that use those components,
which would increase our costs and negatively affect our product gross margin. The partial or
complete loss of a sole or limited source supplier could result in lost revenue, added costs and
deployment delays that could harm our business and customer relationships.
Our failure to manage our relationships with service delivery partners effectively could adversely
impact our financial results and relationship with customers.
We rely on a number of service delivery partners, both domestic and international, to
complement our global service and support resources. We rely upon third party service delivery
partners for the installation of our equipment in larger network builds, which often include more
onerous installation, testing and acceptance terms. In order to ensure that we timely install our
products and satisfy obligations to our customers, we must identify, train and certify additional
appropriate partners. The certification of these partners can be costly and time-consuming, and
these partners service products for other companies, including our competitors. We may not be able
to effectively manage our relationships with our partners and we cannot be
41
certain that they will
be able to deliver our services in the manner or time required. If our service partners are
unsuccessful in delivering services:
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we may suffer delays in recognizing revenue in cases where revenue recognition is
dependent upon product installation, testing and acceptance; |
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our services revenue and gross margin may be adversely affected; and |
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our relationship with customers could suffer. |
Difficulties with our service delivery partners could cause us to continue to transition
a larger share of deployment
and other services from third parties to internal resources, thereby increasing our related fixed
costs and negatively affecting our services gross margin and results of operations.
We may incur significant costs and our competitive position may suffer as a result of our efforts
to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights or respond to claims of infringement from
others.
Despite efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or
otherwise obtain and use our products or technology. This is likely to become an increasingly
important issue as we expand our product development into India and the manufacture of products and
components to contract manufacturers in Asia. These and other international operations could expose
us to a lower level of intellectual property protection than in the United States. Monitoring
unauthorized use of our products is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the steps that we are
taking will prevent unauthorized use of our technology. If competitors are able to use our
technology, our ability to compete effectively could be harmed.
In recent years, we have filed suit to enforce our intellectual property rights. From time to
time we have also been subject to litigation and other third party intellectual property claims,
including as a result of our indemnification obligations to customers or resellers that purchase
our products. The frequency of these assertions is increasing as patent holders, including entities
that are not in our industry and that purchase patents as an investment or to monetize such rights
by obtaining royalties, use infringement assertions as a competitive tactic and a source of
additional revenue. Intellectual property claims can significantly divert the time and attention of
our personnel and result in costly litigation. Intellectual property infringement claims can also
require us to pay substantial royalties, enter into license agreements and/or develop
non-infringing technology. Accordingly, the costs associated with third party intellectual property
claims could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our international operations could expose us to additional risks and result in increased operating
expense.
We market, sell and service our products globally. We have established offices around the
world, including in North America, Europe, Latin America and the Asia Pacific region. We have also
established a development operation in India to pursue offshore development resources and are
increasingly relying upon overseas suppliers, particularly in Asia, for materials sourcing of
components and contract manufacturing of our products. We expect that our international activities
will be dynamic during fiscal 2007, and we may enter new markets and withdraw from or reduce
operations in others. These changes to our international operations will require significant
management attention and financial resources. In some countries, our success will depend in part on
our ability to form relationships with local partners. Our inability to identify appropriate
partners or reach mutually satisfactory arrangements for international sales of our products could
impact our ability to maintain or increase international market demand for our products.
International operations are subject to inherent risks, and our future results could be
adversely affected by a number of factors, including:
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greater difficulty in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods; |
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difficulties and costs of staffing and managing foreign operations; |
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the impact of recessions in economies outside the United States; |
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reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; |
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adverse tax consequences; |
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social, political and economic instability; |
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trade protection measures, export compliance, qualification to transact business and other regulatory requirements; |
42
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effects of changes in currency exchange rates; and |
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natural disasters and epidemics. |
Our efforts to offshore certain development resources and operations to India may not be successful
and may expose us to unanticipated costs or liabilities.
We have established a development operation in India and expect to increase hiring of
personnel for this facility during fiscal 2007. We have limited experience in offshoring our
business functions, particularly development operations, and there is no assurance that our plan
will enable us to achieve meaningful cost reductions or greater resource efficiency. Further,
offshoring to India involves significant risks, including:
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difficulty hiring and retaining appropriate engineering resources due to increased
competition for such resources; |
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the knowledge transfer related to our technology and exposure to misappropriation of
intellectual property or confidential information, including information that is
proprietary to us, our customers and other third parties; |
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heightened exposure to changes in the economic, security and political conditions of India; |
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currency exchange and tax risks associated with offshore operations; and |
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development efforts that do not meet our requirements because of language, cultural or
other differences associated with international operations, resulting in errors or delays. |
Difficulties resulting from the factors above and other risks associated with offshoring could
expose us to increased expense, impair our development efforts, harm our competitive position and
damage our reputation. Our efforts to offshore certain development resources to India could be
disruptive to our business and may cause us to incur substantial unanticipated costs or expose us
to unforeseen liabilities.
Our exposure to the credit risks of our customers and resellers may make it difficult to collect
receivables and could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
In the course of our sales to customers, we may have difficulty collecting receivables and
could be exposed to risks associated with uncollectible accounts. We may be exposed to similar
risks relating to third party resellers and other sales channel partners. While we monitor these
situations carefully and attempt to take appropriate measures to protect ourselves, it is possible
that we may have to write down or write off doubtful accounts. Such write-downs or write-offs could
negatively affect our operating results for the period in which they occur, and, if large, could
have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
Efforts to restructure our operations and align our resources with market opportunities could
disrupt our business and affect our results of operations.
We have taken several steps, including reductions in force, office closures, and internal
reorganizations to reduce the size and cost of our operations and to better match our resources
with our market opportunities. We continue to make changes to our operations and allocation of
resources in order to improve efficiency and match our resources with market opportunities. These
changes could be disruptive to our business. In addition, our efforts in prior periods to reduce
cost and improve efficiency have resulted in the recording of accounting charges. These include
inventory and technology-related write-offs, workforce reduction costs and charges relating to
consolidation of excess facilities. If we are required to take a substantial charge related to
restructuring efforts, our results of operations would be adversely affected in such period.
If we are unable to attract and retain qualified personnel, we may be unable to manage our business
effectively.
Competition to attract and retain highly skilled technical and other personnel with experience
in our industry is increasing in intensity and our employees have been the subject of targeted
hiring by our competitors. We may experience
difficulty retaining and motivating existing employees and attracting qualified personnel to
fill key positions. It may be difficult to replace members of our management team or other key
personnel, and the loss of such individuals could be disruptive to our business. Because we
generally do not have employment contracts with our employees, we must rely upon providing
competitive compensation packages and a high-quality work environment in order to retain and
motivate employees. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified personnel, we may be unable to
manage our business effectively.
43
We may be required to assume warranty, service, development and other unexpected obligations in
connection with our resale of complementary products of other companies.
We have entered into agreements with strategic partners that permit us to distribute the
products of other companies. As part of our strategy to diversify our product portfolio and
customer base, we may enter into additional resale and original equipment manufacturer agreements
in the future. To the extent we succeed in reselling the products of these companies, we may be
required by customers to assume certain warranty, service and development obligations. While our
suppliers often agree to support us with respect to these obligations, we may be required to extend
greater protection in order to effect a sale. Moreover, some of the companies whose products we
resell are relatively small companies with limited financial resources. If they are unable to
satisfy these obligations, we may have to expend our own resources to do so. This risk is amplified
because the equipment that we are selling has been designed and manufactured by other third parties
and may be subject to warranty claims, the magnitude of which we are unable to evaluate fully. We
may be required to assume warranty, service, development and other unexpected obligations in
connection with our resale of complementary products of other companies.
Strategic acquisitions and investments may expose us to increased costs and unexpected liabilities.
We may acquire or make strategic investments in other companies to add or expand the markets
we address and diversify our customer base. We may also engage in these transactions to acquire or
accelerate the development of products incorporating new technologies sought after by our
customers. To do so, we may use cash, issue equity that would dilute our current shareholders
ownership, incur debt or assume indebtedness. Strategic investments and acquisitions involve
numerous risks, including:
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difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies and products of the acquired companies; |
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diversion of managements attention; |
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potential difficulties in completing projects of the acquired company and costs related to in-process projects; |
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the potential loss of key employees of the acquired company; |
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subsequent amortization expenses related to intangible assets and charges associated with impairment of goodwill; |
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ineffective internal controls over financial reporting for purposes of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; |
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dependence on unfamiliar supply partners; and |
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exposure to unanticipated liabilities, including intellectual property infringement claims. |
As a result of these and other risks, any acquisitions or strategic investments may not reap
the intended benefits and may ultimately have a negative impact on our business, results of
operation and financial condition.
We may be required to take further write-downs of goodwill and other intangible assets.
As of January 31, 2007, we had $232.0 million of goodwill on our balance sheet. This amount
primarily represents the remaining excess of the total purchase price of our acquisitions over the
fair value of the net assets acquired. At January 31, 2007, we had $84.0 million of other
intangible assets on our balance sheet. The amount primarily reflects purchased technology from our
acquisitions. At January 31, 2007, goodwill and other intangible assets represented approximately
17.0% of our total assets. During the fourth quarter of 2005, we incurred a goodwill impairment
charge of approximately $176.6 million and an impairment of other intangibles of $45.7 million. If
we are required to record additional impairment charges related to goodwill and other intangible
assets, such charges would have the effect of decreasing our earnings or increasing our losses in
such period. If we are required to take a substantial impairment charge, our earnings per share or
net loss per share could be materially adversely affected in such period.
We may be adversely affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates.
Historically, our primary exposure to currency exchange rates has been related to non-U.S.
dollar denominated operating expenses in Europe, Asia and Canada where we sell primarily in U.S.
dollars. As we increase our international sales and utilization of international suppliers, we
expect to transact additional business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. As a result, we
will be subject to the possibility of greater effects of foreign exchange translation on our
financial statements. For those countries outside the United States where we have significant
sales, a devaluation in the local currency would result in reduced revenue and operating profit and
reduce the value of our local inventory presented in our financial statements. In addition,
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may make our products more expensive for customers
to purchase
44
or increase our operating costs, thereby adversely affecting our competitiveness. To date, we have not significantly hedged
against foreign currency fluctuations; however, we may pursue hedging alternatives in the future. Although exposure to
currency fluctuations to date has not had an adverse effect on our business, there can be no assurance that exchange rate
fluctuations in the future will not have a material adverse effect on our revenue from international sales and, consequently,
our business, operating results and financial condition.
Failure to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting could have a material
adverse effect on our business, operating results and stock price.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires that we include in our annual report, a
report containing managements assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over
financial reporting as of the end of our fiscal year and a statement as to whether or not such
internal controls are effective. Such report must also contain a statement that our independent
registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on managements assessment of
such internal controls. Compliance with these requirements has resulted in, and is likely to
continue to result in, significant costs and the commitment of time and operational resources.
Growth of our business, including our broader product portfolio and increased transaction volume,
will necessitate ongoing changes to our internal control systems, processes and infrastructure,
including our information systems. Our increasingly global operations, including our development
facility in India and offices abroad, will pose additional challenges to our internal control
systems as their operations become more significant. We cannot be certain that our current design
for internal control over financial reporting, and any modifications necessary to reflect changes
in our business, will be sufficient to enable management or our independent registered public
accounting firm to determine that our internal controls are effective for any period, or on an
ongoing basis. If we are unable to assert that our internal controls over financial reporting are
effective (or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to attest that our
managements report is fairly stated or they are unable to express an opinion on our managements
assessment of the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting), our business may be
harmed. Market perception of our financial condition and the trading price of our stock may be
adversely affected and customer perception of our business may suffer.
Our business is dependent upon the proper functioning of our information systems and upgrading
these systems may result in disruption to our operating processes and internal controls.
The efficient operation of our business is dependent on the successful operation of our
information systems. In particular, we rely on our information systems to process financial
information, manage inventory and administer our sales transactions. In an effort to improve the
efficiency of our operations, achieve greater automation and support the growth of our business, we
are in the process of upgrading certain information systems and expect to implement a new version
of our Oracle management information system during fiscal 2007. As a result of these changes, we
anticipate that we will have to modify a number of our operational processes and internal control
procedures to conform to the work-flows of new or upgraded information systems. We will also have
to undergo a process of validating the data in any new system to ensure its integrity and will need
to train our personnel. We cannot assure you that these changes to our information systems will
occur without some level of disruption of our operating processes and controls. Any material
disruption, malfunction or similar problems with our information systems could negatively impact
our business operations.
Obligations associated with our outstanding indebtedness on our convertible notes may adversely
affect our business.
At January 31, 2007, indebtedness on our outstanding convertible notes totaled $842.3 million
in aggregate principal, of which $542.3 million in aggregate principal amount on our 3.75%
convertible notes becomes due and payable on February 1, 2008. Our indebtedness and repayment
obligations could have important negative consequences, including:
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increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; |
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limiting our ability to obtain additional financing; |
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reducing the availability of cash resources available for other purposes, including capital expenditures; |
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limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and
the industry in which we compete; and |
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placing us at a possible competitive disadvantage to competitors that have
better access to capital resources. |
We may also add additional indebtedness such as equipment loans, working capital lines of
credit and other long term debt. Our repayment obligations associated with our convertible notes
may adversely affect our business.
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Our stock price is volatile.
Our common stock price has experienced substantial volatility in the past, and may remain
volatile in the future. Volatility can arise as a result of a number of the factors discussed in
this Risk Factors section, as well as divergence between our actual or anticipated financial
results and published expectations of analysts, and announcements that we, our competitors, or our
customers may make. Volatility in our common stock price and liquidity in our common stock may also
be negatively affected by the one-for-seven reverse stock split of our common stock completed on
September 22, 2006.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Not applicable.
46
Item 6. Exhibits
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Exhibit |
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Description |
10.1
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Amended and Restated Change in Control Severance Agreement between Ciena Corporation and Gary B. Smith* |
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10.2
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Form of Amended and Restated Change in Control Severance Agreement between Ciena Corporation
and other Executive Officers* |
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31.1
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Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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31.2
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Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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32.1
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Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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32.2
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Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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* |
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Represents management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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CIENA CORPORATION
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Date: March 2, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ Gary B. Smith
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Gary B. Smith |
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President, Chief Executive Officer
and Director
(Duly Authorized Officer) |
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Date: March 2, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ Joseph R. Chinnici
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Joseph R. Chinnici |
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Senior Vice President, Finance and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer) |
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48