Ellington Credit Company Reports Second Quarter 2024 Results

Ellington Credit Company, formerly known as Ellington Residential Mortgage REIT (NYSE: EARN) ("we", "us," or "our"), today reported financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2024.

Highlights

• Net income (loss) of $(0.8) million, or $(0.04) per share.
• Adjusted Distributable Earnings¹ of $7.3 million, or $0.36 per share.
• Book value of $6.91 per share as of June 30, 2024, which includes the effects of dividends of $0.24 per share for the quarter.
• Net interest margin² of 13.41% on credit, 2.85% on Agency, and 4.24% overall.
• CLO portfolio increased to $85.1 million as of June 30, 2024, as compared to $45.1 million as of March 31, 2024.
• Capital allocation³ to corporate CLOs was 45% as of June 30, 2024 as compared to 25% as of March 31, 2024.
• Weighted average constant prepayment rate ("CPR") for the fixed-rate Agency specified pool portfolio of 6.7⁴.
• Net mortgage assets-to-equity ratio of 4.0:1⁵ as of June 30, 2024.
• Dividend yield of 14.1% based on the August 9, 2024 closing stock price of $6.81, and monthly dividend of $0.08 per common share declared on August 7, 2024.
• Debt-to-equity ratio of 4.0:1 as of June 30, 2024; adjusted for unsettled purchases and sales, debt-to-equity ratio of 3.7:1 as of June 30, 2024.
• Cash and cash equivalents of $118.8 million as of June 30, 2024, which includes $89.9 million of U.S. Treasury Bills held on margin; unencumbered assets of $43.9 million. Excluding such U.S. Treasury Bills, cash and cash equivalents were $28.8 million.

Strategic Transformation Update

On March 29, 2024, our Board of Trustees approved a strategic transformation of our investment strategy to focus on corporate CLOs, with an emphasis on mezzanine debt and equity tranches. In connection with this transformation, we revoked our election to be taxed as a REIT effective January 1, 2024, rebranded as Ellington Credit Company, and updated our web address to www.ellingtoncredit.com. We continue to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange under our ticker symbol EARN.

On July 2, 2024, we filed our preliminary proxy statement in anticipation of a shareholder vote at our annual meeting later this year. We intend, subject to shareholder approval of certain matters at such meeting, to convert to a closed-end fund registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") that would be treated as a regulated investment company ("RIC") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and complete our transition from an MBS-focused company to a CLO-focused company.

In the meantime, we are operating as a taxable C-Corp and taking advantage of our significant existing net operating loss carryforwards to offset the majority of any U.S. federal taxable income we may generate pending our conversion to a closed-end fund/RIC. During this interim phase, we continue to hold a core portfolio of liquid Agency MBS pools to maintain our exemption from the 1940 Act. Once we convert to a closed-end fund/RIC, we would generally not be subject to corporate tax.

During the second quarter, we increased the size of the CLO portfolio to $85.1 million, from $45.1 million as of the prior quarter end. Towards the end of the quarter, in light of the change in our investment strategy and the continued progress and success we have achieved towards rotating our investment portfolio to CLOs, the Board approved an update of our management agreement to more closely align our fee structure with the advisory fee structures of CLO-focused registered closed-end funds.

As of August 9, 2024, our CLO portfolio had increased to $108 million and represented approximately 50% of our capital allocation³. We continue to target completion of the strategic transformation prior to year end.

Second Quarter 2024 Results

"During the second quarter we nearly doubled our CLO portfolio, and including investment activity through August 9^th, that portfolio now stands at approximately $108 million. Despite some underperformance in the CLO equity sector, our CLO portfolio still generated positive net income for the quarter. Furthermore, thanks to the growth of that portfolio combined with the wide net interest margins on our CLOs, our CLO portfolio contributed significantly to our adjusted distributable earnings for the quarter, which again comfortably covered our dividend," said Laurence Penn, Chief Executive Officer and President.

"Meanwhile, our MBS portfolio generated a modest net loss for the quarter, caused primarily by intra-quarter interest rate and spread volatility, and this drove our slight overall net loss for the quarter. As we continue our rotation from MBS into CLOs, our net interest margin continues to expand and our leverage ratios continued to decline. Given the high liquidity of our Agency pools, the cost to sell these investments remains low.

"I would note that we expect that the substantial sequential increase in our adjustable distributable earnings, to $0.36 per share in the second quarter, will be temporary. As we continue to sell many Agency pools that we acquired in much lower interest rate environments, we continue to terminate many interest rate swap hedging positions that we also initiated in much lower interest environments. As that swap termination activity continues, we expect that our third quarter adjusted distributed earnings will decline somewhat, while still exceeding our first quarter level of $0.27 per share and, by extension, still comfortably covering our dividend.

"We remain energized as we look forward to a successful shareholder vote at our annual meeting later this year, whereupon we can complete our conversion to a closed-end fund/RIC and maximize long-term value for our shareholders."

Financial Results

The following table summarizes our portfolio of long investments as of June 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024:

During the second quarter, the size of our CLO holdings increased to $85.1 million as of June 30, 2024, compared to $45.1 million as of March 31, 2024, driven by a larger CLO equity portfolio, and to a lesser degree, a larger CLO mezzanine portfolio. During the quarter, rising CLO prepayment rates and tightening mezzanine spreads had a few notable impacts on our holdings. First, several of our CLO mezzanine positions were called, which contributed positively to earnings but removed these positions from our holdings. Second, we capitalized on trading opportunities by selling several CLO mezzanine positions at net gains, further decreasing our holdings. And third, tighter new issue CLO debt spreads enhanced the attractiveness of new issue CLO equity due to lower implied financing costs, prompting new purchases by us. Tighter new issue CLO debt spreads also enabled certain CLO equity holders to refinance existing deals, thereby further increasing the relative appeal of CLO equity. While we also added attractive incremental CLO mezzanine investments in the quarter, the size of our CLO equity holdings increased disproportionately as a result of these effects.

As of June 30, 2024, our CLO portfolio consisted of $45.1 million of CLO notes, specifically mezzanine debt tranches, of which $37.2 million were dollar-denominated and $7.9 million were non-dollar denominated; and $40.0 million of CLO equity tranches, of which $33.2 million were dollar-denominated and $6.8 million were non-dollar denominated. We intend to continue to invest in both dollar-denominated and non-dollar denominated CLO investments, based on relative value opportunities, but expect the majority of our CLO investments will continue to be dollar-denominated.

During the second quarter, the size of our Agency RMBS holdings decreased by 28% to $531.1 million as of June 30, 2024, compared to $739.3 million as of March 31, 2024, as we continued to net sell Agency RMBS and rotate the investment capital into CLOs. Costs to liquidate our Agency RMBS continue to be low. Meanwhile, our aggregate holdings of interest-only securities and non-Agency RMBS decreased by 27% quarter over quarter.

Our debt-to-equity ratio, adjusted for unsettled purchases and sales, decreased to 3.7:1 as of June 30, 2024, as compared to 4.9:1 as of March 31, 2024. The decline was driven by higher shareholders' equity and less leverage on our CLO investments, which constituted a significantly larger proportion of our overall portfolio as of June 30, 2024, compared to March 31, 2024. Our net mortgage assets-to-equity ratio also decreased over the same period, to 4.0:1 from 5.4:1, driven by the increase in shareholders' equity and a smaller Agency RMBS portfolio, partially offset by a net long TBA position as of June 30, 2024, compared to a net short TBA position as of March 31, 2024.

During the quarter, we continued to hedge interest rate risk through the use of interest rate swaps and short positions in U.S. Treasury securities and futures. We ended the quarter with a net long TBA position. We also selectively hedge our corporate CLO and non-Agency RMBS investments; as of June 30, 2024, our credit hedge portfolio was relatively small.

The net interest margins on both our Agency and credit portfolios increased quarter over quarter, driven by incrementally higher average asset yields. In the second quarter, the net interest margins (excluding the Catch-up Amortization Adjustment) on our credit and Agency portfolios increased to 13.41% and 2.85%, respectively, as compared to 9.65% and 2.46% in the prior quarter. Our cost of funds and net interest margin continue to benefit from positive carry on our interest rate swaps, where we receive a higher floating rate and pay a lower fixed rate. As we continue to sell Agency pools and terminate associated interest rate swap hedges, we expect that the net interest margin on our Agency portfolio will decline. As a result, we expect that our third quarter adjusted distributed earnings will decline somewhat from the second quarter level of $0.36 per share, while still exceeding the first quarter level of $0.27 per share.

The following table summarizes our operating results by strategy for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024:

CLO Performance

In the second quarter, the CLO market continued to benefit from strengthening fundamentals, robust demand for leveraged loans, and continued capital inflows, despite periods of elevated market volatility. Net demand for leveraged loans remained strong as a result of strong capital inflows into retail loan funds, significant primary CLO issuance volumes, and rapid repayments of existing leveraged loan facilities as corporate borrowers continued to lower their financing costs. Loan prepayment rates increased further, reaching their highest level on a trailing-twelve-month basis since February 2022. These higher prepayments, and more generally broader access to capital markets, contributed to a lower trailing-twelve-month default rate for the Morningstar LSTA US Leveraged Loan Index, and led to substantial deleveraging in seasoned CLOs.

Investment-grade CLO spreads generally tightened throughout the quarter, while CLO mezzanine tranches showed mixed performance, with higher-quality tranches tightening and lower-quality tranches widening. The European CLO market also experienced tightening spreads, particularly in high-quality tranches.

For CLO equity, tightening debt spreads allowed some deals to refinance their debt or reset their debt (which also includes an extension of reinvestment period), which drove strong returns for CLO equity in deals with more optionality (namely, those with better-performing portfolios and higher debt costs). However, higher prepayment speeds in the loan market led to both overall declines in loan prices and compression in loan floating rate spreads, as large volumes of loans trading at premiums to par were refinanced at par and replaced with lower-spread loans; these effects triggered mark-to-market losses in some CLO equity profiles as both their interest payments (due to lower excess interest in the CLO) and underlying asset values declined in tandem.

Our CLO strategy had positive performance for the quarter, led by strong interest income, which increased sequentially due to the resolution of several discounted positions. Further, net gains on our CLO mezzanine portfolio were supported by both opportunistic sales and discount positions being called. These gains were partially offset by mark-to-market losses on certain CLO equity positions, where rapid prepayments drove mark-to-market losses and reduced floating rate spreads on the underlying loan collateral as described above.

Non-Agency Performance

Our non-Agency RMBS portfolio and interest-only securities generated strong results for the quarter, driven by net interest income and net gains associated with several profitable sales.

Agency Performance

In April, interest rates and volatility increased over renewed concerns about inflation and a more hawkish Federal Reserve, which pushed Agency RMBS yield spreads wider. In May and June, however, interest rates and volatility generally declined, and Agency RMBS yield spreads reversed most of their April widening. Overall for the second quarter, the U.S. Agency MBS Index generated a negative excess return of (0.09)%. Against this backdrop, EARN's Agency portfolio generated a small net loss for the quarter, as net losses on our Agency RMBS exceeded net gains on our interest rate hedges.

Average pay-ups on our specified pool portfolio decreased to 0.63% as of June 30, 2024, as compared to 0.85% as of March 31, 2024.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses were higher quarter over quarter as a result of increased professional fees and compensation expense related to the strategic transformation.

About Ellington Credit Company

Ellington Credit Company (the "Company"), formerly known as Ellington Residential Mortgage REIT, was initially formed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") that invested primarily in residential mortgage-backed securities ("MBS"). On March 29, 2024, the Company's Board of Trustees approved a strategic transformation of the Company's investment strategy to focus on corporate CLOs, with an emphasis on mezzanine debt and equity tranches. In connection with this transformation, the Company revoked its election to be taxed as a REIT effective January 1, 2024, and rebranded as Ellington Credit Company. Later in 2024, the Company intends, subject to shareholder approval of certain matters, to convert to a closed-end fund and complete its transition from an MBS-focused company to a CLO-focused company.

Conference Call

We will host a conference call at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time on Tuesday, August 13, 2024, to discuss its financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. To participate in the event by telephone, please dial (800) 579-2543 at least 10 minutes prior to the start time and reference the conference ID: EARNQ224. International callers should dial (785) 424-1789 and reference the same conference ID. The conference call will also be webcast live over the Internet and can be accessed via the "For Investors" section of our web site at www.ellingtoncredit.com. To listen to the live webcast, please visit www.ellingtoncredit.com at least 15 minutes prior to the start of the call to register, download, and install necessary audio software. In connection with the release of these financial results, we also posted an investor presentation, that will accompany the conference call, on our website at www.ellingtoncredit.com under "For Investors—Presentations."

A dial-in replay of the conference call will be available on Tuesday, August 13, 2024, at approximately 2:00 p.m. Eastern Time through Tuesday, August 20, 2024 at approximately 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time. To access this replay, please dial (800) 753-8878. International callers should dial (402) 220-0688. A replay of the conference call will also be archived on our web site at www.ellingtoncredit.com.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this press release constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ from our beliefs, expectations, estimates, and projections and, consequently, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future operations, business strategies, performance, financial condition, liquidity and prospects, taking into account information currently available to us. These beliefs, assumptions, and expectations are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties and can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us. If a change occurs, our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and strategies may vary materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements or from our beliefs, expectations, estimates and projections and, consequently, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Forward-looking statements are not historical in nature and can be identified by words such as "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "project," "plan," "continue," "intend," "should," "would," "could," "goal," "objective," "will," "may," "seek," or similar expressions or their negative forms, or by references to strategy, plans, or intentions. The following factors are examples of those that could cause actual results to vary from those stated or implied by our forward-looking statements: changes in interest rates and the market value of our investments, market volatility, changes in mortgage default rates and prepayment rates, our ability to borrow to finance our assets, our ability to pivot our investment strategy to focus on CLOs, a deterioration in the CLO market, our ability to utilize our NOLs, our ability to convert to a closed end fund/RIC, including our ability to obtain shareholder approval of certain matters related to such conversion, changes in government regulations affecting our business, our ability to maintain our exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and other changes in market conditions and economic trends, such as changes to fiscal or monetary policy, heightened inflation, slower growth or recession, and currency fluctuations. Furthermore, as stated above, forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, among other things, those described under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, which can be accessed through the link to our SEC filings under "For Investors" on our website (at www.ellingtoncredit.com) or at the SEC's website (www.sec.gov). Other risks, uncertainties, and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or implied may be described from time to time in reports we file with the SEC, including reports on Forms 10-Q, 10-K, and 8-K. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict or assess the impact of every factor that may cause our actual results to differ from those contained in any forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

This press release is not an offer to sell any securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy any securities. The information contained in this press release does not constitute or form part of any offer for sale or subscription of or solicitation or invitation of any offer to buy or subscribe for any securities, nor shall it or any part of it form the basis of or be relied on in connection with any contract or commitment whatsoever.

In addition, this press release is not a solicitation of votes or proxies. Any such solicitation will only be made pursuant to a proxy statement or other appropriate proxy materials filed with the SEC and labeled as such.

Reconciliation of Adjusted Distributable Earnings to Net Income (Loss)

We calculate Adjusted Distributable Earnings as net income (loss) adjusted for: (i) net realized and change in net unrealized gains and (losses) on securities, financial derivatives, and foreign currency transactions; (ii) net realized and change in net unrealized gains (losses) associated with periodic settlements on interest rate swaps; (iii) other income or loss items that are of a non-recurring nature, if any (iv) Catch-up Amortization Adjustment (as defined below); and (v) provision for income taxes. The Catch-up Amortization Adjustment is a quarterly adjustment to premium amortization or discount accretion triggered by changes in actual and projected prepayments on our Agency RMBS (accompanied by a corresponding offsetting adjustment to realized and unrealized gains and losses). The adjustment is calculated as of the beginning of each quarter based on our then-current assumptions about cashflows and prepayments, and can vary significantly from quarter to quarter.

Adjusted Distributable Earnings is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure. We believe that the presentation of Adjusted Distributable Earnings provides information useful to investors, because: (i) we believe that it is a useful indicator of both current and projected long-term financial performance, in that it excludes the impact of certain current-period earnings components that we believe are less useful in forecasting long-term performance and dividend-paying ability; (ii) we use it to evaluate the effective net yield provided by our portfolio, after the effects of financial leverage; and (iii), we believe that presenting Adjusted Distributable Earnings assists investors in measuring and evaluating our operating performance, and comparing our operating performance to that of our peers. Our calculation of Adjusted Distributable Earnings may differ from the calculation of similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures by our peers, with the result that these non-GAAP financial measures might not be directly comparable; adjusted Distributable Earnings excludes certain items, such as most realized and unrealized gains and losses, that may impact the amount of cash that is actually available for distribution.

In addition, because Adjusted Distributable Earnings is an incomplete measure of our financial results and differs from net income (loss) computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP, it should be considered supplementary to, and not as a substitute for, net income (loss) computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

In setting our dividends, our Board of Trustees considers our earnings, liquidity, financial condition, distribution requirements, and financial covenants, along with other factors that the Board of Trustees may deem relevant from time to time.

The following table reconciles, for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, our Adjusted Distributable Earnings to the line on our Consolidated Statement of Operations entitled Net Income (Loss), which we believe is the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure:

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