Financial News

Oscar Health Announces Results for Third Quarter 2021

  • Membership as of September 30, 2021 of 594,284, a 41% increase YoY
  • For the quarter ended September 30, 2021:
    • Direct policy premiums of $895.4 million, a 53.1% increase YoY
    • Premiums earned of $441.7 million, a 345.6% increase YoY
    • Medical Loss Ratio of 99.7%, increased 920 bps YoY
    • InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio of 23.1%, increased 70 bps YoY
    • InsuranceCo Combined Ratio of 122.8%, increased 990 bps YoY
    • Net loss of $212.7 million, an increase of $133.6 million YoY; Adjusted EBITDA loss of $188.7 million, an increase of $117.7 million YoY

 

Health insurtech company Oscar Health, Inc. (NYSE: OSCR) today announced its financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2021.

"Oscar saw meaningful growth across its insurance business in the third quarter, and we experienced volatility on our Medical Loss Ratio as short term pressures from COVID, Special Enrollment Period (“SEP”) membership growth and prior year risk adjustments created headwinds in the quarter,” said Mario Schlosser, CEO and Co-Founder of Oscar. "Our best-in-class member engagement and tech-driven ethos continues to drive demand and provide value for our members. With respect to 2022, we took a disciplined approach to pricing, balancing growth and margin improvement for our insurance business and are well-positioned heading into Open Enrollment.”

Total direct and assumed policy premiums were $899.2 million in the quarter, up 53.8% year-over-year (“YoY”), driven primarily by higher membership growth, including increased enrollment from SEP, and business mix shifts. Premiums earned in the quarter were up 345.6% YoY, driven both by membership growth and lower quota share cession rates in 2021.

Oscar’s InsuranceCo Combined Ratio, which is the sum of its Medical Loss Ratio (“MLR”) and the InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio, increased 990 bps YoY to 122.8% largely reflecting a higher MLR. The MLR increased 920 bps YoY to 99.7% in 3Q21 from 90.5% in 3Q20, primarily driven by higher net COVID costs as compared to the net benefit in 3Q20, an unfavorable prior year Risk Adjustment Data Validation (RADV) result, and the impact of significant SEP membership growth. The InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio increased by 70 bps YoY, largely driven by the impact of RADV on the denominator as well as higher SEP distribution costs.

Financial Results Summary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

2021

 

2020

 

2021

 

2020

 

(in thousands)

Premiums before ceded reinsurance

$

673,460

 

 

$

414,505

 

 

$

2,007,486

 

 

$

1,232,493

 

Reinsurance premiums ceded

(231,717

)

 

(315,360

)

 

(669,047

)

 

(934,373

)

Premiums earned

$

441,743

 

 

$

99,145

 

 

$

1,338,439

 

 

$

298,120

 

Net loss

$

(212,745

)

 

$

(79,132

)

 

$

(373,184

)

 

$

(216,955

)

Key Metrics and Non-GAAP Financial Metrics

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

2021

 

2020

 

2021

 

2020

Direct Policy Premiums (in thousands)

 

$

895,407

 

 

 

$

584,811

 

 

 

$

2,554,296

 

 

 

$

1,737,267

 

 

Medical Loss Ratio

 

99.7

 

%

 

90.5

 

%

 

85.8

 

%

 

77.7

 

%

InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio

 

23.1

 

%

 

22.4

 

%

 

20.9

 

%

 

23.0

 

%

InsuranceCo Combined Ratio

 

122.8

 

%

 

112.9

 

%

 

106.7

 

%

 

100.7

 

%

Adjusted EBITDA(1) (in thousands)

 

$

(188,659

)

 

 

$

(70,975

)

 

 

$

(265,309

)

 

 

$

(185,964

)

 

(1)

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure. See “Key Operating and Non-GAAP Metrics - Adjusted EBITDA” in this release for a reconciliation to net loss, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, and for information regarding Oscar’s use of Adjusted EBITDA.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Membership by Offering

 

As of

 

 

 

September 30, 2021

 

September 30, 2020

 

Individual and Small Group

 

582,236

 

 

418,268

 

 

Medicare Advantage

 

3,881

 

 

1,850

 

 

Cigna + Oscar(1)

 

8,167

 

 

 

 

Total Members

 

594,284

 

 

420,118

 

 

(1)

Represents total membership for Oscar’s co-branded partnership with Cigna.

Full Year 2021 Outlook

 

 

Low

 

High

Direct and Assumed Policy Premiums (in thousands)

 

$

3,350,000

 

 

 

$

3,450,000

 

 

Medical Loss Ratio

 

89

 

%

 

91

 

%

InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio

 

21

 

%

 

22

 

%

InsuranceCo Combined Ratio

 

110

 

%

 

112

 

%

Adjusted EBITDA(1) (in thousands)

 

$

(480,000

)

 

 

$

(450,000

)

 

(1)

Oscar has not provided a quantitative reconciliation of forecasted Adjusted EBITDA to forecasted GAAP net loss within this press release because Oscar is unable, without making unreasonable efforts, to calculate certain reconciling items with confidence. These items include, but are not limited to, stock-based compensation expense. These items, which could materially affect the computation of forecasted GAAP net loss, are inherently uncertain and depend on various factors, some of which are outside of Oscar’s control. As such, any associated estimate and its impact on GAAP net loss could vary materially. For more information regarding Adjusted EBITDA, please see “Key Operating and Non-GAAP Metrics” below.

The foregoing statements represent management's current estimates as of the date of this release. Actual results may differ materially depending on a number of factors. Investors are urged to read the Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements included in this release. Management does not assume any obligation to update these estimates.

Quarterly Conference Call Details

Oscar will host a conference call to discuss the financial results today, November 10, 2021 at 5:00 p.m. (ET). A live audio webcast and a supplemental presentation will be available via the Investor Relations page of Oscar’s website at ir.hioscar.com. A replay of the webcast will be available for on-demand listening shortly after the completion of the call, at the same web link, and will remain available for approximately 90 days.

Non-GAAP Financial Information

This release presents Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial metrics, which is provided as a complement to the results provided in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). A reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial information to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure is provided in the accompanying tables found at the end of this release.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained herein are forward-looking statements. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements about our financial outlook and estimates, including direct policy premiums, medical loss ratio, administrative expense ratio and other financial performance, and the related underlying assumptions, our business and financial prospects, general and healthcare industry market conditions and trends, and our management’s plans and objectives for future operations, expectations and business strategy. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “targets,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Accordingly, we caution you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions, and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and generally beyond our control.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date made, there are or will be important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in these forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, the following: the impact of COVID-19 on global markets, economic conditions, the healthcare industry and our results of operations, and the response by governments and other third parties; our ability to retain and expand our member base; our ability to execute our growth strategy; our ability to maintain or enter into new partnerships or collaborations with healthcare industry participants; negative publicity, unfavorable shifts in perception of our digital platform or other member service channels; our ability to achieve and/or maintain profitability in the future; changes in federal or state laws or regulations, including changes with respect to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, as amended (collectively, the “ACA”) and any regulations enacted thereunder; our ability to accurately estimate our incurred claims expenses or effectively manage our claims costs or related administrative costs, including as a result of fluctuations in medical utilization rates due to the impact of COVID-19; our ability to comply with ongoing regulatory requirements and applicable performance standards, including as a result of our participation in government-sponsored programs, such as Medicare; changes or developments in the health insurance markets in the United States, including the passage and implementation of a law to create a single-payer or government-run health insurance program; our ability to comply with applicable privacy, security, and data laws, regulations, and standards; our ability to maintain key in-network providers and good relations with the physicians, hospitals, and other providers within and outside our provider networks, or to arrange for the delivery of quality care; unfavorable or otherwise costly outcomes of lawsuits and claims that arise from the extensive laws and regulations to which we are subject; unanticipated results of risk adjustment programs; delays in our receipt of premiums; disruptions or challenges to our relationship with the Oscar Medical Group; cyber-security breaches of our and our partners’ information and technology systems; unanticipated changes in population morbidity and large-scale changes in health care utilization; and the other factors set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and our other filings with the SEC.

You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements made in this press release. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date as of which it is made, and, except as otherwise required by law, we do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which will arise.

About Oscar Health

Oscar Health, Inc. (“Oscar”) is the first health insurance company built around a full stack technology platform and a relentless focus on serving its members. At Oscar, our mission is to make a healthier life accessible and affordable for all. Headquartered in New York City, Oscar has been challenging the health care system's status quo since our founding in 2012. The company’s member-first philosophy and innovative approach to care has earned us the trust of approximately 594,000 members as of September 30, 2021. We offer Individual & Family, Small Group and Medicare Advantage plans, and +Oscar, our full stack technology platform to others within the provider and payor space. Our vision is to refactor health care to make good care cost less. Refactor is a term used in software engineering that means to improve the design, structure, and implementation of the software, while preserving its functionality. At Oscar, we take this definition a step further. We improve our members’ experience by building trust through deep engagement, personalized guidance, and rapid iteration.

Oscar Health, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 

2021

 

2020

 

2021

 

2020

Revenue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Premiums before ceded reinsurance

$

673,460

 

 

$

414,505

 

 

$

2,007,486

 

 

$

1,232,493

 

Reinsurance premiums ceded

(231,717

)

 

(315,360

)

 

(669,047

)

 

(934,373

)

Premiums earned

441,743

 

 

99,145

 

 

1,338,439

 

 

298,120

 

Investment income and other revenue

2,236

 

 

2,555

 

 

4,209

 

 

7,008

 

Total revenue

443,979

 

 

101,700

 

 

1,342,648

 

 

305,128

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Claims incurred, net

453,576

 

 

85,392

 

 

1,141,503

 

 

225,120

 

Other insurance cost

111,302

 

 

38,674

 

 

285,929

 

 

119,222

 

General and administrative expenses

61,267

 

 

36,546

 

 

175,240

 

 

104,379

 

Federal and state assessments

35,453

 

 

20,469

 

 

102,841

 

 

61,724

 

Health insurance industry fee

 

 

4,813

 

 

 

 

14,438

 

Premium deficiency reserve release

(4,675

)

 

(4,064

)

 

(15,139

)

 

(4,326

)

Total operating expenses

656,923

 

 

181,830

 

 

1,690,374

 

 

520,557

 

Loss from operations

(212,944

)

 

(80,130

)

 

(347,726

)

 

(215,429

)

Interest expense

398

 

 

 

 

4,323

 

 

 

Loss on extinguishment of debt

 

 

 

 

20,178

 

 

 

Loss before income tax expense

(213,342

)

 

(80,130

)

 

(372,227

)

 

(215,429

)

Income tax (benefit) provision

(597

)

 

(998

)

 

957

 

 

1,526

 

Net loss

$

(212,745

)

 

$

(79,132

)

 

$

(373,184

)

 

$

(216,955

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings (Loss) per Share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss per share, basic and diluted

$

(1.02

)

 

$

(2.72

)

 

$

(2.21

)

 

$

(7.50

)

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted

208,159,343

 

 

29,042,932

 

 

168,585,157

 

 

28,941,215

 

Oscar Health, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

 

September 30,

2021

 

December 31,

2020

Assets:

 

 

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

$

1,076,699

 

 

$

826,326

 

Short-term investments

586,954

 

 

366,387

 

Premium and other receivables

117,534

 

 

65,322

 

Risk adjustment transfer receivable

43,099

 

 

31,157

 

Accrued investment income

3,086

 

 

1,862

 

Balances due from reinsurance programs

413,789

 

 

579,393

 

Total Current Assets

2,241,161

 

 

1,870,447

 

Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net

43,376

 

 

35,812

 

Long-term investments

838,273

 

 

325,740

 

Restricted deposits

27,757

 

 

26,478

 

Other assets

18,828

 

 

13,136

 

Net deferred tax asset

485

 

 

493

 

Total Assets

$

3,169,880

 

 

$

2,272,106

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

Benefits payable

$

497,324

 

 

$

311,914

 

Risk adjustment transfer payable

613,230

 

 

716,370

 

Premium deficiency reserve

69,432

 

 

84,571

 

Unearned premiums

56,175

 

 

71,904

 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

159,196

 

 

137,524

 

Reinsurance payable

221,311

 

 

343,313

 

Total current liabilities

1,616,668

 

 

1,665,596

 

Long-term debt

 

 

142,487

 

Warrant liabilities

 

 

15,005

 

Total liabilities

1,616,668

 

 

1,823,088

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.00001 par value; 407,156,831 shares authorized; 400,904,302 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020

 

 

1,744,911

 

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $0.00001 par value; 82,500,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding as of September 30, 2021

 

 

 

Class A common stock, $0.00001 par value; 825,000,000 shares authorized, 174,056,898 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2021

2

 

 

 

Class B common stock, $0.00001 par value; 82,500,000 shares authorized, 35,115,807 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2021

 

 

 

Series A common stock, $0.00001 par value, 680,000,000 shares authorized; 8,291,917 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020; Series B common stock, $0.00001 par value, 69,487,963 shares authorized; 23,162,654 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020; Series C common stock, $0.00001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020

 

 

2

 

Treasury stock at (314,600 shares at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020)

(2,923

)

 

(2,923

)

Additional paid-in capital

3,356,406

 

 

133,255

 

Accumulated deficit

(1,800,290

)

 

(1,427,106

)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

17

 

 

879

 

Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)

1,553,212

 

 

(1,295,893

)

Total Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

3,169,880

 

 

2,272,106

 

Oscar Health Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

2021

2020

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

Net loss

$

(373,184

)

 

$

(216,955

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

 

 

 

Deferred tax

 

8

 

 

 

 

Net realized gain on sale of financial instruments

 

(268

)

 

 

(936

)

(Gain) loss on fair value of warrant liabilities

 

12,856

 

 

 

(509

)

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

10,635

 

 

 

7,990

 

Amortization of debt issuance costs

 

329

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation expense

 

58,028

 

 

 

21,984

 

Investment amortization, net of accretion

 

5,490

 

 

 

1,511

 

Debt extinguishment loss

 

20,178

 

 

 

 

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

(Increase) / decrease in:

 

 

 

Premium and other receivables

 

(52,211

)

 

 

(37,806

)

Risk adjustment transfer receivable

 

(11,941

)

 

 

(21,303

)

Accrued investment income

 

(1,224

)

 

 

(484

)

Balances due from reinsurance programs

 

165,604

 

 

 

(127,519

)

Other assets

 

(5,210

)

 

 

(7,517

)

Increase / (decrease) in:

 

 

 

Benefits payable

 

185,410

 

 

 

119,955

 

Unearned premiums

 

(15,729

)

 

 

32,315

 

Premium deficiency reserve

 

(15,139

)

 

 

(4,326

)

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

 

25,287

 

 

 

26,050

 

Reinsurance payable

 

(122,003

)

 

 

109,143

 

Risk adjustment transfer payable

 

(103,140

)

 

 

232,156

 

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

 

(216,224

)

 

 

133,749

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

Purchase of investments

 

(1,525,908

)

 

 

(838,927

)

Sale of investments

 

422,030

 

 

 

370,133

 

Maturity of investments

 

364,254

 

 

 

120,860

 

Purchase of property, equipment and capitalized software

 

(18,679

)

 

 

(10,696

)

Change in restricted deposits

 

3,625

 

 

 

(723

)

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(754,678

)

 

 

(359,353

)

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

Debt prepayment

 

(153,173

)

 

 

 

Debt extinguishment costs

 

(12,994

)

 

 

 

Proceeds from IPO, net of underwriting discounts

 

1,348,321

 

 

 

 

Offering costs from IPO

 

(9,447

)

 

 

 

Convertible preferred stock and call option issuances

 

 

 

 

224,431

 

Proceeds from exercise of warrants and call options

 

9,191

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

 

43,841

 

 

 

2003

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

1,225,739

 

 

 

226,434

 

 
 

Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents

 

254,837

 

 

 

830

 

Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period

 

843,105

 

 

 

353,380

 

Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents—end of period

$

1,097,942

 

 

$

354,210

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

1,076,699

 

 

 

337,409

 

Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in restricted deposits

 

21,243

 

 

 

16,801

 

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents

$

1,097,942

 

 

$

354,210

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosures:

 

 

 

Interest payments

$

3,994

 

 

$

 

Income tax payments

$

936

 

 

$

1,918

 

 

 

 

 

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock to common stock upon initial public offering

$

1,744,914

 

 

$

 

Net exercise of preferred stock warrants to preferred stock upon initial public offering

$

28,248

 

 

$

 

Adjustment to fair value of preferred stock warrant liability upon initial public offering

$

13,243

 

 

$

 

Key Operating and Non-GAAP Financial Metrics

We regularly review a number of metrics, including the following key operating and non-GAAP financial metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends in our business, prepare financial projections, and make strategic decisions. We believe these operational and financial measures are useful in evaluating our performance, in addition to our financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Members

Members are defined as any individual covered by one of our health plans. We view the number of members enrolled in our health plans as an important metric to help evaluate and estimate revenue and market share. Additionally, the more members we enroll, the more data we have, which allows us to improve the functionality of our platform.

Direct Policy Premiums

Direct policy premiums are defined as the premiums collected from our members or from the federal government during the period indicated, before risk adjustment and reinsurance. These premiums include APTC, or premium subsidies, which are available to individuals and families with certain annual incomes. Through March 31, 2021, APTC was available to those individuals and families with annual incomes between 100% and 600% of the federal poverty level in California and 100% and 400% of the federal poverty level in all other states under the ACA. Starting April 1, 2021, consumers enrolling in Individual health plans through a health insurance marketplace could take advantage of additional subsidies available under the American Rescue Plan, which caps premium payment at 8.5% of household income, and expands maximum coverage subsidies to anyone who received unemployment insurance benefits in 2021. We believe direct policy premiums are an important metric to assess our growth.

Medical Loss Ratio

Medical loss ratio is calculated as set forth in the table below. Medical claims are total medical expenses incurred by members in order to utilize health care services less any member cost sharing. These services include inpatient, outpatient, pharmacy, and physician costs. Medical claims also include risk sharing arrangements with certain of our providers. The impact of the federal risk adjustment program is included in the denominator of our MLR. We believe MLR is an important metric to demonstrate the ratio of our costs to pay for health care of our members to the premiums before ceded reinsurance. MLRs in our existing products are subject to various federal and state minimum requirements. Below is a calculation of our MLR for the periods indicated.

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

 

(in thousands)

Direct claims incurred before ceded reinsurance (1)

 

$

668,966

 

 

 

$

370,329

 

 

 

$

1,725,089

 

 

 

$

961,946

 

 

Assumed reinsurance claims

 

5,504

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,589

 

 

 

(2

)

 

Excess of loss ceded claims (2)

 

(3,432

)

 

 

1,824

 

 

 

(13,005

)

 

 

(8,671

)

 

State reinsurance (3)

 

(4,700

)

 

 

(3,091

)

 

 

(9,869

)

 

 

(7,420

)

 

Net claims before ceded reinsurance (A)

 

$

666,338

 

 

 

$

369,062

 

 

 

$

1,711,804

 

 

 

$

945,853

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Premiums before ceded reinsurance

 

$

673,460

 

 

 

$

414,505

 

 

 

$

2,007,486

 

 

 

$

1,232,493

 

 

Excess of loss reinsurance premiums (4)

 

(5,083

)

 

 

(6,568

)

 

 

(11,295

)

 

 

(15,167

)

 

Net premiums before ceded reinsurance (B)

 

$

668,377

 

 

 

$

407,937

 

 

 

$

1,996,191

 

 

 

$

1,217,326

 

 

Medical Loss Ratio (A divided by B)

 

99.7

 

%

 

90.5

 

%

 

85.8

 

%

 

77.7

 

%

(1)

See the Appendix to this release for a reconciliation of direct claims incurred to claims incurred, net appearing on the face of our statement of operations.

(2)

Represents claims ceded to reinsurers pursuant to an excess of loss treaty, for which such reinsurers are financially liable. We use excess of loss reinsurance to limit the losses on individual claims of our members.

(3)

Represents payments made by certain state-run reinsurance programs established subject to CMS approval under Section 1332 of the ACA.

(4)

Represents excess of loss insurance premiums paid.

InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio

InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio is calculated as set forth in the table below. The ratio reflects the costs associated with running our combined insurance companies. We believe InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio is useful to evaluate our ability to manage our expenses as a percentage of premiums before ceded quota share reinsurance. Expenses necessary to run the insurance company are included in other insurance costs and federal and state assessments. These expenses include variable expenses paid to vendors and distribution partners, premium taxes and healthcare exchange fees, employee-related compensation, benefits, marketing costs, and other administrative expenses. Below is a calculation of our InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio for the periods indicated.

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

 

(in thousands)

Other insurance costs

 

$

111,302

 

 

 

$

38,674

 

 

 

$

285,929

 

 

 

$

119,222

 

 

Ceding commissions

 

18,214

 

 

 

31,609

 

 

 

57,986

 

 

 

96,884

 

 

Stock-based compensation expense

 

(10,122

)

 

 

(3,785

)

 

 

(28,988

)

 

 

(11,144

)

 

Health insurance industry fee

 

 

 

 

4,813

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,438

 

 

Federal and state assessment of health insurance subsidiaries

 

35,112

 

 

 

20,191

 

 

 

102,326

 

 

 

60,905

 

 

Health insurance subsidiary adjusted administrative expenses(A)

 

$

154,506

 

 

 

$

91,502

 

 

 

$

417,253

 

 

 

$

280,305

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Premiums before ceded reinsurance

 

$

673,460

 

 

 

$

414,505

 

 

 

$

2,007,486

 

 

 

$

1,232,493

 

 

Excess of loss reinsurance premiums

 

(5,083

)

 

 

(6,568

)

 

 

(11,295

)

 

 

(15,167

)

 

Net premiums before ceded quota share reinsurance(B)

 

$

668,377

 

 

 

$

407,937

 

 

 

$

1,996,191

 

 

 

$

1,217,326

 

 

Insurance Co Administrative Expense Ratio(A divided by B)

 

23.1

 

%

 

22.4

 

%

 

20.9

 

%

 

23.0

 

%

InsuranceCo Combined Ratio

InsuranceCo Combined Ratio is defined as the sum of MLR and InsuranceCo Administrative Expense Ratio. We believe this ratio best represents the current overall performance of our insurance business for activities that can be compared to peers.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net loss for the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization as further adjusted for stock-based compensation, warrant contract expense, changes in the fair value of warrant liabilities, and other non-recurring items as described below. We present Adjusted EBITDA because we consider it to be an important supplemental measure of our performance and believe it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors, and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in our industry. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure. Management believes that investors’ understanding of our performance is enhanced by including this non-GAAP financial measure as a reasonable basis for comparing our ongoing results of operations.

We caution investors that amounts presented in accordance with our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similar measures disclosed by our competitors, because not all companies and analysts calculate Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner.

Management uses Adjusted EBITDA:

  • as a measurement of operating performance because it assists us in comparing the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis, as it removes the impact of items not directly resulting from our core operations;
  • for planning purposes, including the preparation of our internal annual operating budget and financial projections;
  • to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of our operational strategies; and
  • to evaluate our capacity to expand our business.

By providing this non-GAAP financial measure, together with a reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP measure, we believe we are enhancing investors’ understanding of our business and our results of operations, as well as assisting investors in evaluating how well we are executing our strategic initiatives. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation, or as an alternative to, or a substitute for net loss or other financial statement data presented in our consolidated financial statements as indicators of financial performance.

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

 

(in thousands)

Net loss

 

$

(212,745

)

 

$

(79,132

)

 

$

(373,184

)

 

$

(216,955

)

Interest expense

 

398

 

 

 

 

4,323

 

 

 

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

(597

)

 

(998

)

 

957

 

 

1,526

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

3,645

 

 

2,925

 

 

10,635

 

 

7,990

 

Stock-based compensation/warrant expense (1)

 

20,640

 

 

6,230

 

 

70,884

 

 

21,475

 

Other non-recurring items (2)

 

 

 

 

 

21,076

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

 

$

(188,659

)

 

$

(70,975

)

 

$

(265,309

)

 

$

(185,964

)

(1)

Represents (i) non-cash expenses related to equity-based compensation programs, which vary from period to period depending on various factors including the timing, number, and the valuation of awards, (ii) warrant contract expense, and (iii) changes in the fair value of warrant liabilities.

(2)

Represents debt extinguishment costs of $20.2 million incurred on the prepayment of the Company's Term Loan and approximately $0.9 million of non-recurring expenses incurred in connection with our initial public offering.

Appendix

Reinsurance Impact

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

 

(in thousands)

Quota share ceded premiums

 

$

(215,032

)

 

$

(332,259

)

 

$

(712,760

)

 

$

(985,081

)

Quota share ceded claims

 

212,762

 

 

283,670

 

 

570,301

 

 

720,782

 

Ceding commission

 

18,214

 

 

31,609

 

 

57,986

 

 

96,884

 

Experience refund

 

(11,245

)

 

23,325

 

 

55,465

 

 

68,449

 

Net quota share impact

 

$

4,699

 

 

$

6,345

 

 

$

(29,008

)

 

$

(98,966

)

The composition of total reinsurance premiums ceded and reinsurance premiums assumed, which are included as components of total earned premiums in the consolidated statement of operations, is as follows:

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

 

(in thousands)

Reinsurance premiums ceded, gross

 

$

(220,472

)

 

$

(338,685

)

 

$

(724,512

)

 

$

(1,002,822

)

Experience refunds

 

(11,245

)

 

23,325

 

 

55,465

 

 

68,449

 

Reinsurance premiums ceded

 

(231,717

)

 

(315,360

)

 

(669,047

)

 

(934,373

)

Reinsurance premiums assumed

 

3,830

 

 

 

 

9,426

 

 

 

Total reinsurance premiums ceded and assumed

 

$

(227,887

)

 

$

(315,360

)

 

$

(659,621

)

 

$

(934,373

)

The Company records claims expense net of reinsurance recoveries. The following table reconciles the total claims expense to the net claims expense as presented in the consolidated statement of operations:

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

 

(in thousands)

Direct claims incurred

 

$

668,966

 

 

$

370,329

 

 

$

1,725,089

 

 

$

961,946

 

Ceded reinsurance claims

 

(220,894

)

 

(284,937

)

 

(593,175

)

 

(736,824

)

Assumed reinsurance claims

 

5,504

 

 

 

 

9,589

 

 

(2

)

Total claims incurred, net

 

$

453,576

 

 

$

85,392

 

 

$

1,141,503

 

 

$

225,120

 

The Company records selling, general and administrative expenses net of ceding commissions. The following table reconciles total other insurance costs to the amount presented in the consolidated statement of operations:

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

September 30,

2021

 

September 30,

2020

 

 

(in thousands)

Other insurance costs, gross

 

$

129,516

 

 

$

70,283

 

 

$

343,915

 

 

$

216,106

 

Ceding commissions

 

(18,214

)

 

(31,609

)

 

(57,986

)

 

(96,884

)

Other insurance costs, net

 

$

111,302

 

 

$

38,674

 

 

$

285,929

 

 

$

119,222

 

The Company records reinsurance recoverables as “balances due from reinsurance programs” within current assets on its consolidated balance sheets. The composition of the reinsurance recoverables balance is as follows:

 

 

September 30, 2021

 

December 31, 2020

 

 

(in thousands)

Ceded reinsurance claim recoverables

 

$

378,921

 

 

$

435,331

 

Reinsurance ceding commissions

 

27,559

 

 

41,586

 

Experience refunds on reinsurance agreements

 

7,309

 

 

102,476

 

Balances due from reinsurance programs

 

$

413,789

 

 

$

579,393

 

 

Contacts

Investor Contact:

Cornelia Miller

VP of Investor Relations

ir@hioscar.com

917-397-0251

Media Contact:

Jackie Kahn

SVP of Communications

comms@hioscar.com

202-538-0128

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