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Our mission: Bringing practical business and technical intelligence to today's structured cabling professionals

For more than 30 years, Cabling Installation & Maintenance has provided useful, practical information to professionals responsible for the specification, design, installation and management of structured cabling systems serving enterprise, data center and other environments. These professionals are challenged to stay informed of constantly evolving standards, system-design and installation approaches, product and system capabilities, technologies, as well as applications that rely on high-performance structured cabling systems. Our editors synthesize these complex issues into multiple information products. This portfolio of information products provides concrete detail that improves the efficiency of day-to-day operations, and equips cabling professionals with the perspective that enables strategic planning for networks’ optimum long-term performance.

Throughout our annual magazine, weekly email newsletters and 24/7/365 website, Cabling Installation & Maintenance digs into the essential topics our audience focuses on.

  • Design, Installation and Testing: We explain the bottom-up design of cabling systems, from case histories of actual projects to solutions for specific problems or aspects of the design process. We also look at specific installations using a case-history approach to highlight challenging problems, solutions and unique features. Additionally, we examine evolving test-and-measurement technologies and techniques designed to address the standards-governed and practical-use performance requirements of cabling systems.
  • Technology: We evaluate product innovations and technology trends as they impact a particular product class through interviews with manufacturers, installers and users, as well as contributed articles from subject-matter experts.
  • Data Center: Cabling Installation & Maintenance takes an in-depth look at design and installation workmanship issues as well as the unique technology being deployed specifically for data centers.
  • Physical Security: Focusing on the areas in which security and IT—and the infrastructure for both—interlock and overlap, we pay specific attention to Internet Protocol’s influence over the development of security applications.
  • Standards: Tracking the activities of North American and international standards-making organizations, we provide updates on specifications that are in-progress, looking forward to how they will affect cabling-system design and installation. We also produce articles explaining the practical aspects of designing and installing cabling systems in accordance with the specifications of established standards.

Cabling Installation & Maintenance is published by Endeavor Business Media, a division of EndeavorB2B.

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PCOS: What You Need to Know About This Common Hormonal Condition

By: Syndication Cloud
PCOS: What You Need to Know About This Common Hormonal ConditionPhoto from Unsplash

Originally Posted On: https://sloanestreetsurgery.co.uk/articles/pcos-what-you-need-to-know-about-this-common-hormonal-condition/

 

PCOS: What You Need to Know About This Common Hormonal Condition

What is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal conditions affecting women, yet many remain undiagnosed. Initially thought to be a gynaecological issue, we now understand that PCOS is a metabolic disorder that happens due to a mix of hormonal imbalances, high androgens (such as testosterone), and insulin resistance. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is thought to have a genetic element.

It is inaccurately named after the appearance of the ovaries on an ultrasound scan, which rather than being cysts are actually immature follicles that have not developed properly due to disrupted ovulation.

What are the symptoms of PCOS?

PCOS usually starts during adolescence or early adulthood and is very common as it is thought to be present in 5-10% of women. Mild PCOS can often show no symptoms and remain undiagnosed.

PCOS symptoms vary from person to person, but the most common ones include:

  1. Irregular periods
  • Infrequent, very long, or missed periods (due to irregular ovulation).
  1. Excess androgen symptoms (high male hormones)
  • Hirsutism – excessive hair growth on the face, chest, back, or abdomen.
  • Acne – often severe and persistent.
  • Scalp hair thinning (female-pattern baldness).
  1. Weight gain and metabolic issues
  • Many with PCOS struggle with weight gain, especially around the abdomen.
  • Insulin resistance can lead to difficulty losing weight and increased risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and raised cholesterol.
  1. Fertility problems
  • PCOS is one of the most common causes of infertility due to irregular ovulation.
  1. Mood changes
  • Higher risk of anxiety, depression, and mood swings.
  1. Skin changes
  • Dark patches of skin (acanthosis nigricans) in the neck, armpits, or groin (linked to insulin resistance).
  • Skin tags are also common.

How is PCOS diagnosed?

 PCOS is diagnosed when 2 out of the 3 criteria below are met:

  • Irregular or absent periods
  • Polycystic ovaries seen on ultrasound scan
  • The presence of typical symptoms or blood test results of raised androgens

What are the treatment options for PCOS?

Lifestyle changes are the first-line treatment for PCOS, with diet and exercise playing a crucial role in managing symptoms. Regular physical activity and a balanced diet help with weight management, improve insulin resistance, and promote overall hormonal balance. Even a small amount of weight loss, typically 5-10% of body weight, can significantly improve symptoms, regulate menstrual cycles, and improve ovulation.

Medications can help manage different aspects of PCOS, including hormone regulation, insulin resistance, and fertility.

For irregular periods and hormonal balance the combined oral contraceptive pill is often used to regulate periods. It can also help reduce acne and excess hair.

Metformin is often prescribed for insulin resistance. It improves insulin sensitivity and may help with weight loss and ovulation. More recently, GLP-1 agonists such as semaglutide (Ozempic) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro) have been shown to have a role in aiding weight loss and improving insulin resistance.

Anti-androgens (such as spironolactone) can be used to reduce hair growth and acne.

A variety of treatments can be used to aid fertility. Clomiphene is commonly used to stimulate ovulation and some women benefit from IVF treatment when struggling with conception.

If you’re experiencing symptoms of PCOS or want to explore management options, our doctors are here to help. Book an appointment here or call us on 0207 245 9333.

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