Firefly Aerospace Announces Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results

Third quarter revenue increased 98% from the previous quarter and increased 38% from the prior year quarter; Alpha team prepares to return to flight; SciTec acquisition closes

Firefly Blue Ghost Mission 2 structure qualification model

Blue Ghost Mission 2 structure qualification model fully stacked with Blue Ghost lander, Elytra Dark vehicle, and dual payload attached fitting at Firefly's Rocket Ranch in October 2025.

CEDAR PARK, Texas, Nov. 12, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Firefly Aerospace (Nasdaq: FLY), a market leading space and defense technology company, today issued financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2025.

"Our strong third quarter revenue growth reflects steady execution of our spacecraft teams on multiple contracts as well as progress made by our launch teams," said Jason Kim, CEO of Firefly Aerospace. "As we enhance our culture of safety, quality, and reliability, we are confident in our Alpha team to return us to flight safely."

"After closing the SciTec acquisition, we're also proud to welcome SciTec to the Firefly family and bolster our national security capabilities," said Kim. "With industry-leading hardware and software, Firefly is equipped to deliver on the most critical programs that protect our nation and keep America first in space."

Third Quarter 2025 Highlights

  • Awarded Blue Ghost Mission 4 contractย from NASA worth $176.7 million for lunar payload delivery to the Moonโ€™s south pole.
  • Awarded $10 million Blue Ghost Mission 1 contract addendum from NASA, for acquisition of additional lunar data collected beyond the initial requirements.
  • Built and fit checked Blue Ghost Mission 2 structure qualification models and performed initial systems-level qualification testing onsite in Briggs, Texas.
  • Cleanroom assembly underway of the Elytra spacecraft flight unit supporting Blue Ghost Mission 2.
  • Conducted more than 200 hours of mission simulation testing for Elytra Mission 1 in preparation to ship out for launch.
  • Completed Preliminary Design Review for Elytra Mission 3, maturing the vehicle's high maneuverability design for the Defense Innovation Unit's space domain awareness demonstration mission.
  • Signed SPACE COTAN agreement to study the feasibility of launching Alpha from Hokkaido Spaceport in Japan.
  • Partnered with Advanced Space to support NASA's LunaNET communication relay service and develop a mission framework with Firefly's Elytra vehicle as a relay network transfer stage.
  • Awarded an Elytra study contract from NASA to demonstrate how to meet the need for multi-spacecraft and multi-orbit delivery to difficult-to-reach orbits beyond current launch service offerings.

Additional Recent Highlights

  • Strategic acquisition of SciTec closed, with an upsized $260.0 million revolving credit facility providing additional liquidity in support of the transaction. SciTec bolsters Firefly's offering for the $175 billion Golden Dome program.
  • Implemented corrective measures following the Alpha first stage ground test event on September 29. The test stand remained intact with upgrades underway. Team previously delivered the second stage to the launch site and is now preparing to ship the next first stage from Firefly's production line for an Alpha Flight 7 launch between the end of the fourth quarter and early first quarter.
  • Signed an IDIQ and task order for a hypersonic test mission on Alpha with a confidential customer.
  • Completed Blue Ghost Mission 3 Preliminary Design Review for mission to the Moon's Gruithuisen Domes.
  • United Arab Emirates' Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre delivered the Rashid Rover 2 payload for Blue Ghost Mission 2, marking delivery of all commercial payloads ahead of launch.
  • Blue Ghost Mission 1 named to TIMEโ€™s Best Inventions of 2025, with Firefly's Spacecraft Program Director Ray Allensworth also named among the world's rising stars on the TIME100 Next.

2025 Full-Year Guidance

  • Firefly expects 2025 full-year revenue to be between $150 million and $158 million.

Conference Call

Firefly will host a conference call today at 4:00 p.m. CT (5:00 p.m. ET) to discuss its third quarter financial results, as well as provide Fireflyโ€™s full year outlook.

The live webcast and accompanying presentation, as well as a replay of the webcast, will be available on Fireflyโ€™s Investor Relations website: investors.fireflyspace.com.

About Firefly Aerospace

Firefly Aerospace is a space and defense technology company that enables government and commercial customers to launch, land, and operate in space โ€“ anywhere, anytime. As the partner of choice for responsive space missions, Firefly is the only commercial company to launch a satellite to orbit with approximately 24-hour notice. Firefly is also the only company to achieve a fully successful landing on the Moon. Established in 2017, Fireflyโ€™s engineering, manufacturing, and test facilities are co-located in central Texas to enable rapid innovation. The companyโ€™s small- to medium-lift launch vehicles, lunar landers, and orbital vehicles are built with common flight-proven technologies to enable speed, reliability, and cost efficiencies for each mission from low Earth orbit to the Moon and beyond. For more information, visit www.fireflyspace.com. Firefly utilizes its website as a means to distribute material information about the company to the public.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements (including within the meaning of Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended) concerning Firefly. Statements included in this press release that are not statements of historical fact, including statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, strategies, objectives, prospects, assumptions or future events or performance, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as โ€œanticipate,โ€ โ€œbelieve,โ€ โ€œcontinue,โ€ โ€œcould,โ€ โ€œestimate,โ€ โ€œexpect,โ€ โ€œintend,โ€ โ€œmay,โ€ โ€œmight,โ€ โ€œobjective,โ€ โ€œongoing,โ€ โ€œplan,โ€ โ€œpredict,โ€ โ€œproject,โ€ โ€œpotential,โ€ โ€œshould,โ€ โ€œwill,โ€ โ€œwould,โ€ or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. In particular, our guidance, outlook and forecasts for full-year 2025, statements about the markets in which we operate, including growth of our various markets, statements about potential new products and product innovation, statements regarding the expected benefits of the acquisition of SciTec, Inc. ("SciTec") our ability or expectations to establish new partnerships, our expectations regarding new vehicle launches and launch timelines, and our ability to retain existing customers and maintain their bookings are forward-looking statements. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on such statements.

Various risks that could cause actual results to differ from those expressed by the forward-looking statements included in this press release include, but are not limited to: our failure to manage our growth effectively and our ability to achieve and maintain profitability; the potential for delayed or failed launches, and any failure of our launch vehicles and spacecraft to operate as intended; our inability to manufacture our launch vehicles, landers, or orbital vehicles at a quantity and quality that our customers demand; the hazards and operational risks that our products and service offerings are exposed to, including the wide and unique range of risks due to the unpredictability of space; the market for commercial launch services for small- and medium-sized payloads not achieving the growth potential we expect; adverse impacts from current or future disruptions in U.S. government operations, including as a result of delays or reduction in appropriations or regulatory approvals from our programs, or changes in U.S. government funding and budgetary priorities and spending levels; our dependence on contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business and our dependence on major customers and vendors; a loss of, or default by, one or more of our major customers, or a material adverse change in any such customerโ€™s business or financial condition, could materially reduce our revenues and backlog; uncertain global macro-economic and political conditions, including the implementation of tariffs; the failure of our information technology systems, physical or electronic security protections; the inability to operate Alpha at our anticipated launch rate (including due to potential regulatory delays) or finalize the development and delivery of Eclipse; our failure to establish and maintain important relationships with government agencies and prime contractors; the inability to realize our backlog; evolving government laws and regulations; our ability to remediate the material weakness with respect to our internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures; our ability to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in the future; and other factors set forth in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date stated, or if no date is stated, as of the date of this press release. Actual results may vary from the estimates provided. We undertake no intent or obligation to publicly update or revise any of the estimates and other forward-looking statements made in this announcement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted EBITDA, Free Cash Flow, Non-GAAP Operating Expenses, Non-GAAP Research and Development, Non-GAAP Selling, General, and Administrative, Non-GAAP Other Expense, and Non-GAAP Net Loss, as well as Pro Forma Non-GAAP Net Loss and Pro Forma Non-GAAP Net Loss Per Share are non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP measures should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. A reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable financial measure prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP is included in the supplemental financial data attached to this press release. Non-GAAP financial measures have important limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analyses of Fireflyโ€™s performance or cash flows as reported under U.S. GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures may be defined differently by other companies in our industry and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies, thereby diminishing their utility.

Firefly believes non-GAAP financial information provides additional insight into the Companyโ€™s ongoing performance. Therefore, Firefly provides this information to investors for a more consistent basis of comparison and to help them evaluate the Companyโ€™s ongoing performance and liquidity and to enable more meaningful period to period comparisons.

Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net loss adjusted for interest (income) expense, net, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, change in fair value of warrant liability, loss on disposal of fixed assets, loss on extinguishment of debt, certain one-time costs related to the IPO, transaction-related expenses, and certain other items that are not expected to recur in the future or that management does not view as reflective of the performance of the business. In addition to net loss, we use Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate our business, measure its performance, and make strategic decisions.

We believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to management, investors, and analysts in assessing our financial performance and results of operations across reporting periods by excluding items we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. Net loss is the U.S. GAAP measure most directly comparable to Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net loss. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items.

Free Cash Flow

We define Free Cash Flow as net cash used in operating activities, less purchases of property and equipment. We believe that Free Cash Flow is a meaningful indicator of liquidity that provides information to management and investors about the amount of cash generated from or used in operations that, after purchases of property and equipment, can be used for strategic initiatives, including continuous investment in our business and strengthening our balance sheet.

Free Cash Flow has limitations as a liquidity measure, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our cash flows as reported under U.S. GAAP. Free Cash Flow may be affected in the near to medium term by the timing of capital investments, fluctuations in our growth and the effect of such fluctuations on working capital, and our changes in our cash conversion cycle.

Non-GAAP Research and Development

We define Non-GAAP Research and Development as research and development less stock-based compensation expense. Management believes this non-GAAP measure provides investors with meaningful insight into results from ongoing operations by excluding items of income or loss to present it in accordance with how management manages the business.

Non-GAAP Selling, General, and Administrative

We define Non-GAAP Selling, General and Administrative as selling, general and administrative less stock-based compensation expense, certain one-time costs related to the IPO, transaction-related expenses, and certain other items that are not expected to recur in the future or that management does not view as reflective of the performance of the business. Management believes this non-GAAP measure provides investors with meaningful insight into results from ongoing operations by excluding items of income or loss to present it in accordance with how management manages the business.

Non-GAAP Operating Expenses

We define Non-GAAP Operating Expenses as operating expenses, less stock-based compensation expense, certain one-time costs related to the IPO, transaction-related expenses, loss on disposal of fixed assets, and certain other items that are not expected to recur in the future or that management does not view as reflective of the performance of the business. Management believes this non-GAAP measure provides investors with meaningful insight into results from ongoing operations by excluding items of income or loss to present it in accordance with how management manages the business.

Non-GAAP Other Income (Expense)

We define Non-GAAP Other Income (Expense) as other expense less change in fair value of warrant liability and loss on extinguishment of debt. Management believes this non-GAAP measure provides investors with meaningful insight into results from ongoing operations by excluding items of income or loss to present it in accordance with how management manages the business.

Non-GAAP Net Loss

We define Non-GAAP Net Loss as net loss less stock-based compensation, change in fair value of warrant liability, loss on disposal of fixed assets, loss on extinguishment of debt, certain one-time costs related to the IPO, transaction-related expenses, and certain other items that are not expected to recur in the future or that management does not view as reflective of the performance of the business. Management believes this non-GAAP measure provides investors with meaningful insight into results from ongoing operations by excluding items of income or loss to present it in accordance with how management manages the business.

Contacts

Media Relations
press@fireflyspace.com

Investor Relations
investors@fireflyspace.com

ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET LOSS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(unaudited; in thousands, except per share amounts)
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
ย ย For the Three Months
Ended September 30,
ย ย For the Nine Months
Ended Septemberย 30,
ย 
ย ย 2025ย ย 2024ย ย 2025ย ย 2024ย 
Revenueย $30,778ย ย $22,370ย ย $102,182ย ย $51,758ย 
Cost of salesย ย 22,288ย ย ย 14,599ย ย ย 87,477ย ย ย 42,959ย 
Gross profitย ย 8,490ย ย ย 7,771ย ย ย 14,705ย ย ย 8,799ย 
Operating expensesย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Research and developmentย ย 48,763ย ย ย 29,858ย ย ย 142,549ย ย ย 107,037ย 
Selling, general, and administrativeย ย 21,920ย ย ย 10,305ย ย ย 47,243ย ย ย 32,173ย 
Loss on disposal of fixed assetsย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,802ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,824ย 
Total operating expensesย ย 70,683ย ย ย 41,965ย ย ย 189,792ย ย ย 141,034ย 
Loss from operationsย ย (62,193)ย ย (34,194)ย ย (175,087)ย ย (132,235)
Other expenseย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Change in fair value of warrant liabilityย ย (42,150)ย ย (341)ย ย (47,257)ย ย (372)
Loss on extinguishment of debtย ย (30,400)ย ย โ€”ย ย ย (30,400)ย ย โ€”ย 
Interest income (expense), netย ย 1,334ย ย ย (6,658)ย ย (9,067)ย ย (14,149)
Other (expense) income, netย ย (3)ย ย 403ย ย ย 4,528ย ย ย (258)
Total other expense, netย ย (71,219)ย ย (6,596)ย ย (82,196)ย ย (14,779)
Loss before provision for income taxesย $(133,412)ย $(40,790)ย $(257,283)ย $(147,014)
Provision for income taxesย ย โ€”ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Net loss and comprehensive lossย $(133,412)ย $(40,790)ย $(257,283)ย $(147,014)
Less: Accretion of dividends of Series C Preferred Stockย ย 2,298ย ย ย 5,354ย ย ย 13,240ย ย ย 15,869ย 
Less: Accretion of dividends of Series D-1 Preferred Stockย ย 4,524ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 21,989ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Less: Accretion of dividends of Series D-3 Preferred Stockย ย 128ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 394ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Net loss available to common stockholdersย $(140,362)ย $(46,144)ย $(292,906)ย $(162,883)
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Net loss per common shareย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Basic and dilutedย $(1.50)ย $(3.57)ย $(7.25)ย $(12.80)
Weighted-average common shares outstandingย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Basic and dilutedย ย 93,849ย ย ย 12,924ย ย ย 40,389ย ย ย 12,728ย 


ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited; in thousands, except per share amounts)
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
ย ย Septemberย 30, 2025ย ย Decemberย 31, 2024ย 
Assetsย ย ย ย ย ย 
Current assetsย ย ย ย ย ย 
Cash and cash equivalentsย $995,162ย ย $123,431ย 
Restricted cash, currentย ย 829ย ย ย 424ย 
Accounts receivable, netย ย 5,127ย ย ย 1,004ย 
Advanced payments, currentย ย 14,259ย ย ย 52,404ย 
Other current assetsย ย 7,425ย ย ย 3,454ย 
Total current assetsย ย 1,022,802ย ย ย 180,717ย 
Advanced payments, less current portionย ย 45,365ย ย ย 41,770ย 
Property and equipment, netย ย 142,555ย ย ย 135,575ย 
Restricted cash, less current portionย ย โ€”ย ย ย 13,703ย 
Right-of-use assets - operating leasesย ย 9,944ย ย ย 14,604ย 
Right-of-use assets - finance leasesย ย 4,143ย ย ย 3,708ย 
Goodwillย ย 17,097ย ย ย 17,097ย 
Other noncurrent assetsย ย 14,286ย ย ย 158ย 
Total assetsย $1,256,192ย ย $407,332ย 
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Liabilities, temporary equity, and stockholders' equity (deficit)ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Current liabilitiesย ย ย ย ย ย 
Accounts payableย $30,428ย ย $37,633ย 
Accounts payable - related partiesย ย 790ย ย ย 86ย 
Accrued expensesย ย 20,171ย ย ย 14,419ย 
Operating lease liability, currentย ย 395ย ย ย 1,128ย 
Finance lease liability, currentย ย 1,047ย ย ย 856ย 
Deferred revenue, currentย ย 95,202ย ย ย 108,069ย 
Notes payable, currentย ย 6,985ย ย ย 6,349ย 
Other current liabilitiesย ย 9,913ย ย ย 10,837ย 
Total current liabilitiesย ย 164,931ย ย ย 179,377ย 
Operating lease liability, less current portionย ย 10,553ย ย ย 16,466ย 
Finance lease liability, less current portionย ย 2,266ย ย ย 1,996ย 
Deferred revenue, less current portionย ย 74,516ย ย ย 45,904ย 
Notes payable, less current portionย ย 23,228ย ย ย 124,079ย 
Notes payable, less current portion - related partiesย ย โ€”ย ย ย 17,524ย 
Warrant liabilityย ย 5,267ย ย ย 4,070ย 
Other liabilities, less current portionย ย 26,610ย ย ย 25,956ย 
Total liabilitiesย $307,371ย ย $415,372ย 
Commitments and contingenciesย ย ย ย ย ย 
Temporary equityย ย ย ย ย ย 
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 100,000 and 51,033 shares authorized as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively; 0 and 41,588 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively; $0 and $1,227,158 liquidation preference as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectivelyย ย โ€”ย ย ย 759,582ย 
Stockholders' equity (deficit)ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 1,000,000 and 154,397 shares authorized as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively; 148,138 and 13,241 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectivelyย ย 16ย ย ย 1ย 
Additional paid-in capitalย ย 1,928,027ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Accumulated deficitย ย (979,222)ย ย (767,623)
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)ย ย 948,821ย ย ย (767,622)
Total liabilities, temporary equity, and stockholders' equity (deficit)ย $1,256,192ย ย $407,332ย 


ย ย ย ย 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited; in thousands)
ย ย ย ย 
ย ย For the Nine Months Ended Septemberย 30,ย 
ย ย 2025ย ย 2024ย 
Cash flows from operating activitiesย ย ย ย ย ย 
Net lossย $(257,283)ย $(147,014)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Depreciation and amortizationย ย 13,539ย ย ย 6,510ย 
Loss on sale of fixed assetsย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,824ย 
Stock-based compensationย ย 5,191ย ย ย 1,296ย 
Change in fair value of warrant liabilityย ย 47,257ย ย ย 479ย 
Loss on extinguishment of debtย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Non-cash interest expenseย ย 4,595ย ย ย 5,790ย 
Non-cash inventory write-offย ย โ€”ย ย ย 247ย 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Accounts receivableย ย (4,123)ย ย (3,055)
Advanced paymentsย ย 34,550ย ย ย (17,205)
Other assetsย ย (996)ย ย 5,460ย 
Accounts payableย ย (5,300)ย ย 10,956ย 
Accounts payable - related partiesย ย 704ย ย ย (1,312)
Accrued expensesย ย (5,035)ย ย (5,941)
Other liabilitiesย ย (11,812)ย ย 19,334ย 
Right-of-use assetsย ย 1,549ย ย ย 2,562ย 
Lease liabilitiesย ย (6,646)ย ย (3,616)
Deferred revenueย ย 15,745ย ย ย 6,292ย 
Net cash used in operating activitiesย $(137,665)ย $(117,393)
Cash flows from investing activitiesย ย ย ย ย ย 
Purchases of property and equipmentย ย (20,757)ย ย (30,041)
Net cash used in investing activitiesย $(20,757)ย $(30,041)
Cash flows from financing activitiesย ย ย ย ย ย 
Proceeds from issuance of common stockย ย 943,736ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Payments of offering costs associated with IPOย ย (4,208)ย ย โ€”ย 
Proceeds from issuance of Preferred Stock, netย ย 235,506ย ย ย 22,186ย 
Principal payments on finance leasesย ย (1,166)ย ย (595)
Proceeds from issuance of notes payableย ย โ€”ย ย ย 48,990ย 
Payment of IPO Closing Preferred Stock Dividendย ย (4,990)ย ย โ€”ย 
Proceeds from notes payable - related partiesย ย โ€”ย ย ย 25,000ย 
Repayment of notes payable - related partiesย ย (21,117)ย ย โ€”ย 
Payments on notes payableย ย (131,457)ย ย (2,181)
Payments of debt issuance costsย ย (2,083)ย ย (2,301)
Proceeds from repayment of employee noteย ย 396ย ย ย 206ย 
Proceeds from exercise of stock optionsย ย 2,238ย ย ย 407ย 
Net cash provided by financing activitiesย $1,016,855ย ย $91,712ย 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cashย $858,433ย ย $(55,722)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cashย ย ย ย ย ย 
Balance, beginning of periodย ย 137,558ย ย ย 95,146ย 
Balance, end of periodย $995,991ย ย $39,424ย 
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cashย ย ย ย ย ย 
Cash and cash equivalentsย $995,162ย ย $26,359ย 
Restricted cash, currentย ย 829ย ย ย 1,087ย 
Restricted cash, non-currentย ย โ€”ย ย ย 11,978ย 
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the periodย $995,991ย ย $39,424ย 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow informationย ย ย ย ย ย 
Cash paid for interestย $14,443ย ย $16,828ย 
Non-cash investing and financing activitiesย ย ย ย ย ย 
Property and equipment additions in accounts payableย $1,905ย ย $170ย 
Capitalized interest (paid in kind)ย $683ย ย $โ€”ย 
Issuance of debt in exchange of software licensesย $664ย ย $โ€”ย 
Acquisition of software license assets and obligationsย $10,633ย ย $โ€”ย 
Right-of-use asset acquired in exchange for finance lease liabilitiesย $1,625ย ย $470ย 
Net exercise of Common Warrants into common stockย $46,060ย ย $โ€”ย 
Unpaid deferred offering costs associated with IPOย $7,195ย ย $โ€”ย 
Preferred Stock issuance costs not yet paidย $3,510ย ย $โ€”ย 
Issuance of common stock to settleย Preferred Stock Dividendsย $86,124ย ย $โ€”ย 
Conversion of Preferred Stock to common stock upon IPOย $937,087ย ย $โ€”ย 
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
(unaudited; in thousands)

The following tables present reconciliations of Adjusted EBITDA, Free Cash Flow, Non-GAAP Research and Development, Non-GAAP Selling, General, and Administrative, Non-GAAP Operating Expenses, Non-GAAP Other Expense, and Non-GAAP Net Loss to their most directly comparable financial measures presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP:

ย ย For the Three Months Endedย ย For the Nine Months Endedย 
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2025
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2024
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2025
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2024
ย 
Net lossย $(133,412)ย $(40,790)ย $(257,283)ย $(147,014)
Adjusted for:ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Interest (income) expense, netย ย (1,334)ย ย 6,658ย ย ย 9,067ย ย ย 14,149ย 
Depreciation and amortizationย ย 6,447ย ย ย 3,482ย ย ย 14,363ย ย ย 6,519ย 
Stock-based compensation expenseย ย 4,000ย ย ย 462ย ย ย 5,191ย ย ย 1,296ย 
Change in fair value of warrant liabilityย ย 42,150ย ย ย 341ย ย ย 47,257ย ย ย 372ย 
Loss on disposal of fixed assetsย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,802ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,824ย 
Loss on extinguishment of debtย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย 
One-time costs related to the IPO (1)ย ย 3,792ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 8,012ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Transaction-related expensesย ย 1,528ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,528ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Other (2)ย ย 97ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 97ย ย ย 33ย 
Adjusted EBITDAย $(46,332)ย $(28,045)ย $(141,368)ย $(122,821)
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
ย ย For the Three Months Endedย ย For the Nine Months Endedย 
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2025
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2024
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2025
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2024
ย 
Net cash used in operating activitiesย $(53,046)ย $(36,578)ย $(137,665)ย $(117,393)
Purchases of property and equipmentย ย (8,920)ย ย (8,207)ย ย (20,757)ย ย (30,041)
Free Cash Flowย $(61,966)ย $(44,785)ย $(158,422)ย $(147,434)


ย ย For the Three Months Endedย ย For the Nine Months Endedย 
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2025
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2024
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2025
ย ย Septemberย 30,
2024
ย 
Research and developmentย $48,763ย ย $29,858ย ย $142,549ย ย $107,037ย 
Stock-based compensation expenseย ย (501)ย ย (136)ย ย (796)ย ย (378)
Non-GAAP Research and Developmentย $48,262ย ย $29,722ย ย $141,753ย ย $106,659ย 
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Selling, general, and administrativeย $21,920ย ย $10,305ย ย $47,243ย ย $32,173ย 
Stock-based compensation expenseย ย (3,499)ย ย (326)ย ย (4,395)ย ย (918)
One-time costs related to the IPO (1)ย ย (3,792)ย ย โ€”ย ย ย (8,012)ย ย โ€”ย 
Transaction-related expensesย ย (1,528)ย ย โ€”ย ย ย (1,528)ย ย โ€”ย 
Other (2)ย ย (97)ย ย โ€”ย ย ย (97)ย ย (33)
Non-GAAP Selling, General, and Administrativeย $13,004ย ย $9,979ย ย $33,211ย ย $31,222ย 
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Operating expensesย $70,683ย ย $41,965ย ย $189,792ย ย $141,034ย 
Stock-based compensation expenseย ย (4,000)ย ย (462)ย ย (5,191)ย ย (1,296)
One-time costs related to the IPO (1)ย ย (3,792)ย ย โ€”ย ย ย (8,012)ย ย โ€”ย 
Transaction-related expensesย ย (1,528)ย ย โ€”ย ย ย (1,528)ย ย โ€”ย 
Other (2)ย ย (97)ย ย โ€”ย ย ย (97)ย ย (33)
Loss on disposal of fixed assetsย ย โ€”ย ย ย (1,802)ย ย โ€”ย ย ย (1,824)
Non-GAAP Operating Expensesย $61,266ย ย $39,701ย ย $174,964ย ย $137,881ย 
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Other expenseย $(71,219)ย $(6,596)ย $(82,196)ย $(14,779)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilitiesย ย 42,150ย ย ย 341ย ย ย 47,257ย ย ย 372ย 
Loss on extinguishment of debtย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Non-GAAP Other Income (Expense)ย $1,331ย ย $(6,255)ย $(4,539)ย $(14,407)
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Net lossย $(133,412)ย $(40,790)ย $(257,283)ย $(147,014)
Stock-based compensationย ย 4,000ย ย ย 462ย ย ย 5,191ย ย ย 1,296ย 
Change in fair value of warrant liabilityย ย 42,150ย ย ย 341ย ย ย 47,257ย ย ย 372ย 
Loss on disposal of fixed assetsย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,802ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,824ย 
Loss on extinguishment of debtย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย 
One-time costs related to the IPO (1)ย ย 3,792ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 8,012ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Transaction-related expensesย ย 1,528ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,528ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Other (2)ย ย 97ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 97ย ย ย 33ย 
Non-GAAP Net Lossย $(51,445)ย $(38,185)ย $(164,798)ย $(143,489)
(1) Represents costs incurred related to the IPO that do not meet the direct and incremental criteria per SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5.A to be netted against the gross proceeds of the offering and that are not expected to recur in the future.
(2) Other includes loss on foreign exchange and executive severance.
ย 
ย ย 

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA NON-GAAP NET LOSS AND NET LOSS PER SHARE
(unaudited; in thousands, except per share amounts)

Unaudited Pro Forma Non-GAAP Net Loss and Unaudited Pro Forma Non-GAAP Net Loss Per Share are presented assuming the Company consummated the IPO and its related transactions, including the conversion of Preferred Stock to common stock, repayment of the Term Loan Facility, payment of the Preferred Stock Dividend, and net exercise of Common Warrants into common stock (each as defined and further discussed in the Companyโ€™s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025) on January 1, 2024.

ย ย For the Three Months
Ended September 30,
ย ย For the Nine Months
Ended September 30,
ย 
ย ย 2025ย ย 2024ย ย 2025ย ย 2024ย 
Numeratorย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Net loss available to common stockholdersย $(140,362)ย $(46,144)ย $(292,906)ย $(162,883)
Pro forma adjustments to:ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Reverse the impact of accrued dividends on outstanding Series C and Series D Preferred Stockย ย 6,950ย ย ย 5,354ย ย ย 35,623ย ย ย 15,869ย 
Reverse historical interest expense for the Term Loan Facilityย ย 2,814ย ย ย 6,496ย ย ย 15,920ย ย ย 19,604ย 
Reverse the change in fair value of Common Warrantsย ย 39,451ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 44,840ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Reverse the loss on extinguishment of the Term Loan Facilityย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 30,400ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Reverse one-time costs related to the IPOย ย 3,792ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 8,012ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Pro forma net loss available to common stockholdersย $(56,955)ย $(34,294)ย $(158,111)ย $(127,410)
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Non-GAAP adjustments:ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Stock-based compensationย ย 4,000ย ย ย 462ย ย ย 5,191ย ย ย 1,296ย 
Loss on disposal of fixed assetsย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,802ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,824ย 
Transaction-related expensesย ย 1,528ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 1,528ย ย ย โ€”ย 
Change in fair value of warrantsย ย 2,699ย ย ย 341ย ย ย 2,417ย ย ย 372ย 
Otherย ย 97ย ย ย โ€”ย ย ย 97ย ย ย 33ย 
Pro Forma Non-GAAP Net Loss available to common stockholdersย $(48,631)ย $(31,689)ย $(148,878)ย $(123,885)
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Denominatorย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Weighted-average common shares outstandingย ย 93,849ย ย ย 12,924ย ย ย 40,389ย ย ย 12,728ย 
Pro forma adjustments to:ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Reflect the issuance of common stock in IPOย ย 9,166ย ย ย 22,190ย ย ย 17,849ย ย ย 22,190ย 
Reflect the issuance of common stock for payment of the Preferred Stock Dividendย ย 530ย ย ย 3,251ย ย ย 2,344ย ย ย 3,251ย 
Reflect the conversion of Preferred Stock to common stockย ย 43,713ย ย ย 105,832ย ย ย 85,126ย ย ย 105,832ย 
Reflect the net exercise of Common Warrantsย ย 423ย ย ย 1,024ย ย ย 823ย ย ย 1,024ย 
Pro forma weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic and dilutedย ย 147,681ย ย ย 145,221ย ย ย 146,531ย ย ย 145,025ย 
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 
Pro Forma Non-GAAP Net Loss Per Share available to common stockholders, basic and dilutedย $(0.33)ย $(0.22)ย $(1.02)ย $(0.85)
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/0aa1be5a-1a79-48e4-becc-36b62c910665


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